WELCOME
MIXED METHODS
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
CREATED BY :
AMROH MUSTAIDAH
IFTITAKHUL ILMI NAFI’A
A mixed methods research
design is a procedure for
characteristic
collecting, analyzing, and
definition
function
source
types
steps
“mixing” both quantitative
and qualitative data in a
single study to understand a
research problem.
Design Design Design
1 2 3
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
Triangulation Explanatory Exploratory
Generally equal Generally emphasis Generally emphasis
emphasis on both on quantitative; on qualitative;
data forms qualitative results quantitative results
explain & elaborate generalize & test
Researcher gives priority to both
Design quantitative (QUAN) and qualitative
1 (QUAL) data
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
Triangulation
Generally equal
Researcher collects both quantitative and
emphasis on both
data forms
qualitative data simultaneously
Researcher compares the results from
quantitative and qualitative analysis to
determine if the two data bases yield
similar or dissimilar results
TRIANGULATION DESIGN
QUANTITATIVE
characteristic
definition
Data Collection
function
source
Data Analysis MIXING INTERPRETATION
types
steps
Results Results are merged to Generally equal
compare, interrelate, emphasis on both
QUALITATIVE or validate results data forms
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Results
Researcher places priority on
Design quantitative (QUAN) data collection
2 and analysis
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
Explanatory Researcher collects quantitative data
Generally emphasis
on quantitative;
qualitative results
first in the sequence
explain & elaborate
Researcher uses the qualitative data
to refine the results of the quantitative
data
EXPLANATORY DESIGN
QUANTITATIVE
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Results
characteristic
MIXING
definition
Quantitative results
function
source
lead to need for further
types
steps
clarification or
participant selection
QUALITATIVE
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Results
INTERPRETATION
Generally emphasis on
quantitative; qualitative
results explain & elaborate
Research emphasizes qualitative
Design (QUAL) data rather than quantitative
3 (QUAN) data
characteristic
definition
function
Researcher has a sequence to data
source
types
steps
Exploratory
Generally emphasis
collection that involves collecting
on qualitative;
quantitative results
qualitative data followed by quantitative
generalize & test
data
Researcher plans on the quantitative data
to build on or explain the initial qualitative
findings
QUALITATIVE EXPLORATORY DESIGN
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Results
MIXING
Develop instrument or
characteristic
definition
theory based on
function
source
qualitative results to
types
steps
test quantitatively
QUANTITATIVE
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Results
INTERPRETATION
Generally emphasis
on qualitative;
quantitative results
generalize & test
1 2 3
characteristic
definition
RATIONALE FOR COLLECTING PRIORITY
function
source
THE DESIGN QUANTITATIVE AND
types
steps
QUALITATIVE DATA
4 5 6
SEQUENCE DATA ANALYSIS DIAGRAM OF THE
MATCHED TO DESIGN PROCEDURES
Test findings of first phase
characteristic
definition
function
Explain in more detail
source
types
steps
results of first phase
1
RATIONALE FOR Provide a more complete
THE DESIGN understanding than either
quantitative or qualitative
(QUAN) Numeric data
Diagram
Table
Chart
characteristic
Etc.
definition
function
source
types
steps
2 (QUAL) Text data
COLLECTING
QUANTITATIVE AND
Description
QUALITATIVE DATA Theory
etc
Equal weight
characteristic
definition
function
source
QUAN carries more weight than
types
steps
QUAL
3 QUAL carries more weight than
PRIORITY
QUAN
Collect both quantitative and qualitative
data at the same time.
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
Collect quantitative data first, followed by
qualitative data.
4 Collect qualitative data first followed
SEQUENCE
by quantitative data.
Data analysis strategies for
triangulation design
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
Data analysis strategies for
explanatory design
5
DATA ANALYSIS Data analysis strategies for
MATCHED TO DESIGN
exploratory design
Use notation system
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
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Identify priority
6 Identify sequence
DIAGRAM OF THE
PROCEDURES
01 02 03
Determine if Identify a Identify the
mixed rationale for data collection
method study a mixed strategy and
is feasible methods study type of design
characteristic
04 05 06
definition
function
Develop Collect
source
types
steps
quantitative quantitative Analyze data
and and separately or
qualitative qualitative concurrently
RQs data
07
Write the
report as
One- or Two-
Phase study
When both quantitative and qualitative data,
together, provide a better understanding of
your research problem than either type by
itself
characteristic
definition
function
source
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To provide a complete picture of the research
problem
- Quantitative: trends and describing
population
- Qualitative: participants’ words
When you want to build from one phase of a
study to another
- Explore qualitatively then develop an
instrument
- Follow-up a quantitative study to obtain
more detailed information
characteristic
definition
function
source
types
steps
JOHN W. CRESWELL
AMERICAN ACADEMIC
University of Nebraska – Lincoln
University of Michigan
