USER 

MANUAL
Rev. 7 (ENG)
Copyright and License

Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed
under the copyright laws.

The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

The only warranties for ALPINION products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements
accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional
warranty. ALPINION shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained here in.

Prepared by:
ALPINION MEDICAL SYSTEMS Co., LTD.
1FL and 6FL, Verdi Tower, 
72, Digital-ro (St) 26-gil (Rd), 
Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

1316~1320 room, ACE HIGH-END Tower 1st,

5, Digital-ro (St) 26-gil (Rd),
Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 152-848

T: +82 2 3282 0907 F: +82 2 851 5591 www.alpinion.com

Copyright © 2011 ALPINION MEDICAL SYSTEMS Co., LTD, All rights reserved.

Revision Log

The following is a list of major changes and additions that have been made to this manual since it was first
released.

See the accompanying Release Notes for specific changes to the software and hardware between manual
updates.
Rev Date Description
Rev. 0 Mar 18, 2011 User manual first released
Rev. 1 Apr 15, 2011 Updated for Rev. 1 release
Rev. 2 Jun 7, 2011 Updated for Rev. 2 release
Rev. 3 Nov 11, 2011 Updated for Rev. 3 release
Rev. 4 Feb 6, 2012 Updated for Rev. 4 release
Rev. 5 Feb 20, 2012 Updated for Rev. 5 release
Rev. 6 Apr 20, 2012 Updated for Rev. 6 release
Rev. 7 Nov 30, 2012 Updated for Rev. 7 release
Table of Contents

1. System Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Image Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Control Panel Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
Transducers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27

2. Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Operating Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Powering On/Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Adjusting the Monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Connecting/Disconnecting the Transducer . . . . . . . 2-8
Activating/Deactivating the Transducer . . . . . . . . 2-11

3. Starting a Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Patient Registration Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Entering Patient Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Quick ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Starting a New Study with an Existing Patient . . . . 3-11
Retrieving Patient Information via Worklist . . . . . . 3-12
Deleting a Patient or Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Locking a Patient or Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
E-view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Image History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

4. Imaging Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

2D Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
M Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Color Flow (CF) Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27
Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33
Continuous Wave Doppler (CWD) Mode . . . . . . . . 4-40
Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) Mode. . . . . . . . . . . 4-41
3D and 4D Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42
 5. Imaging Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Freezing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Zooming Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Screen Split . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
CINE Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Annotating Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

6. Managing Patient 
Information and Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Clipboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Patient Browser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
DICOM Spooler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
DVR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16

7. Measurements 
and Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Abdomen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46
Obstetrics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-58
Gynecology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-108
Cardiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-123
Vascular . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-173
Urology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-188
Pediatrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-201
Small Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-215
Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-224
Musculoskeletal (MSK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-229
Emergency Medicine (EM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-233
8. Transducer and Biopsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Transducer Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Biopsy Special Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Preparing for Biopsy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14

9. Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
System Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Image Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-52

10. Care and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

System Care and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Transducer Care and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8

11. Safety and Regulatory Information. . . . . 11-1

Safety Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
Important Safety Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
Patient Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5
Electrical Safety Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-6
Transducer Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
System Symbols and Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10
Peripherals and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-16
Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-19
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . 11-21
Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format 11-49
Acoustic Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-81
Obstetrics References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-241
1 System Basics
This chapter introduces the followings:

 Introduction

 System Components

 Image Display

 Control Panel Layout

 Transducers

1-1
 Introduction

System feature
Congratulations on your purchase of the E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system. The
E-CUBE 9 is intended for use by a qualified physician or sonographer for
ultrasound evaluation.

This ultrasound system provides excellent quality and reliability as well as

these specific features:

Table 1-1 System feature

 Xpeed™
 FullSRI™
Image Processing
 Spatial Compounding
Technology
 Frequency Compounding
 Panoramic

 Fetal
 Abdominal (renal & GYN/pelvic)
 Pediatric
 Small Organ (breast, testes, thyroid)
 Trans-rectal (TR)
 Trans-vaginal (TV)
Indication for use
 Musculo-skeletal (conventional)
 Musculo-skeletal (superficial)
 Cardiac Adult
 Cardiac Pediatric
 Peripheral Vessel
 Urology (including prostate)

 SC1-6
 C1-6
 SP1-5
 SVC1-6
Operable Transducers  E3-10
 L3-12
 VC1-6
 L3-12H
 L3-8

1-2
 Introduction

 SP3-8

1
 L3-12HWD
 SC1-6H

System Basics
Operable Transducers
 E3-10H
 EN3-10
 SC1-4H

 2D mode
 M mode
 M color mode
Available Imaging  Color flow (CF) mode
Modes  Pulsed wave doppler (PWD) mode
 Continuous wave doppler (CWD) mode
 Tissue doppler imaging (TDI) mode
 3D/4D mode

 Distance
 Ellipse
 Trace
 Spline
Available Measurements
 Time
 Slope
 Velocity
 Acceleration

 Verification
 DICOM storage
 DICOM print
 DICOM storage commitment
Connectivity
 DICOM media
 DICOM worklist
 DICOM MPPS
 OB Structured Report (OB SR)

1-3
 Introduction

Contraindication
 Using the system for certain purposes such as gender determination is
severely restricted by law.

 Do not operate the system for an ophthalmic purpose or any use affecting
the patient’s eye by the acoustic beam.

Prescription device
United States law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a
physician.

1-4
 System Components

Front and rear view

There are the main components of your system:

Figure 1-1 Front view

1. LED lamp
2. Gel warmer
3. Transducer holder
4. Rotate lever
5. Up/Down lever
6. ECG port
7. USB port
8. DVD-RW
9. Transducer port

1-5
 System Components

Figure 1-1 Rear view

10. Air filter

11. I/O panel
12. Circuit breaker
13. AC outlet
14. AC inlet
15. System On/Off switch
16. Voltage selector- output

1-6
 System Components

Side view

1
System Basics
Figure 1-2 Side view (Professional/Standard arms)

1. Monitor (17/19-inch wide display)

2. Professional arm
2-1. Standard arm
3. Rear handle
4. Body cover
5. Body base
6. Wheel and control pedal

 The monitor size is optional, but the display resolution for

both is the same.
NOTE  When connecting an external monitor to your system, use
the monitor with 1366 x 768 or higher resolution.

1-7
 System Components

Storage area

Figure 1-3 Storage area

1. Black and white printer (Option)

2. DVR (Option)
3. Color printer (Option)

The storage area is for peripheral devices. Do not place

transducers or the footswitch in the storage area to prevent
CAUTION damaging them from accidentally falling off.

1-8
 System Components

I/O panel

1
I/O panel located on the rear side of a system includes video input and

System Basics
output, audio input and output, Ethernet, power and control connections for
a printer. See Figure 1-4 below for more details.

 Each outer (case) ground line of peripheral/accessory

connectors are Earth Grounded. Signal ground lines are not
CAUTION isolated.
 For compatibility reasons, use only ALPINION approved
transducers, peripherals or accessories.
 Be sure to plug the power supply cable of the peripherals to
the connector panel of the system to avoid unexpected
electrical shock.
 Do not connect any transducer or accessories without
approval from ALPINION.

PLEASE READ MANUAL CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.

VIDEO 1 VIDEO 2

Figure 1-4 I/O panel

1-9
 System Components

1. Audio In/Out port

2. Remote control port for a B/W printer
3. Remote control port for a color printer
4. S-Video output port for a DVR
5. B/W printer port (Analog type)
6. Color printer port (Analog type)
7. S-Video input port for a DVR
8. DVI port
9. VGA port
10. USB ports (4 port)
11. Ethernet port

 The connection of equipment or transmission network other

than as specified in these instructions can result in electric
CAUTION shock hazard.
 Connected peripherals must meet IEC standard (An
equipment that processes data: IEC60950/EN60950, a
medical equipment: IEC60601-1/EN60601-1). For product
configuration, it must meet the safety requirements of
product standard IEC/EN60601-1 or system standard
IEC60601-1-1/EN60601-1-1.
 The operator shall not contact the parts (SIP/SOP) and the
patient simultaneously.
 When connecting a cable to the ethernet (LAN) port, always
use the optional LAN isolator (EN-20G by EMO system or any
similar isolator complying with IEC/EN 60601-1) to protect
your system from electrical damage.

1-10
 System Components

Footswitch (Option)

1
The optional tri-pedal footswitch that is connected with the rear panel of

System Basics
your system performs specific functions easily instead of pressing function
keys on the control panel.

The each pedal of the footswitch may have different functions depending on
the assigned settings such as Freeze, Print, P1, P2, and Rec/Pause.

To assign the footswitch functions, press the System Preset key and go to
User Setting > Print/Foot Switch.

Figure 1-5 Footswitch

Do not place or store the footswitch in the side pocket or the

storage area on the system to prevent damaging the footswitch
CAUTION from accidently falling off.

1-11
 System Components

Monitor

1
2
3

Figure 1-6 Monitor buttons

1. Up () button
2. Mode/Select () button
3. Down () button
4. LED lamp button
5. LED lamp

The LED lamp may overheat. Be careful not to directly touch it

to avoid injury.
CAUTION

1-12
 System Components

Moving and transporting the system

1
Before moving the system

System Basics
 For your safety, you must follow the precautions carefully
before moving or transporting the system.

CAUTION  Before moving the system, make sure that the peripherals in
the storage area are installed securely.

Before you move the system, use the following steps.

1. Power off the system using the Power On/Off key on the control panel.
2. Unplug the power cord from the power outlet.

3. Disconnect all peripheral devices (e.g. printers or DVD) and the

footswitch from the system.

4. Secure all cables.

5. Store all transducers or accessories in the proper spaces carefully.

6. Lock the monitor arm. Depending on the type of monitor arm you use,
you need to follow the steps below.

1-13
 System Components

a. To lock the professional arm,

(1) Remove the lock cover cap.

(2) Insert the lock cover cap to the cap housing.

(3) Align 3 rotatable parts of the arm to each slotted hole.

(4) Lower the arm hook.

(5) Pull down the arm hook and insert it into the arm hook slot.

(6) Push the locking knob and rotate it clockwise.

Unlock Lock

Figure 1-7 Locking the professional arm

1-14
 System Components

B. To lock the standard arm,

1
(1) Align the two slotted holes.

System Basics
Figure 1-8 Locking the standard arm

(2) Push the lever and rotate it clockwise.

Figure 1-9 Locking the standard arm

1-15
 System Components

7. If necessary, push the Up/Down lever and adjust the height.

The Up/Down lever is only available for the professional

arm.
NOTE

8. Push the Rotate lever and adjust the location of the control panel (Both
professional arm and standard arm types).

1 2

1. Rotate lever

2. Up/Down lever

Figure 1-10 Rotate and Up/Down levers

1-16
 System Components

9. Fold up the monitor.

1
System Basics
Figure 1-11 Folding up the monitor

1-17
 System Components

10.Unlock the front and rear casters by stepping on the lock levers. For the
front caster, push the left lever.

Front caster

Rear caster

Figure 1-12 Front and rear casters

1-18
 System Components

When moving the system

1
 For your safety, follow the precautions carefully when moving

System Basics
the system.
CAUTION  Do not use the system cables to move the system.

 When you move the system with another person, take extra
precaution not to injure feet.

When moving the system, use the following procedure.

1. Move the system by using the front or rear handle grip.

2. Take extra care when moving the system for long distances and on
inclines. Ask for help, if necessary.

3. To move straight, use the swivel lock of the front caster.

4. Use extra care to move the system when crossing door or elevator
thresholds.

5. When you reach the destination, lock the front and rear casters.

1-19
 System Components

When transporting the system

When transporting the system with vehicles, use the following procedure.

1. Only use vehicles that are capable of transporting your E-CUBE 9 system.

2. Load and unload the system to a vehicle parked on a level surface.

3. Ensure that the transporting vehicle can handle the weight of the system
plus the passengers.

4. Ensure that the load capacity of the lift (a minimum of 90 kg [198 lbs] is
recommended) is capable of handling the weight of the system.

5. Ensure that the lift is in good working order.

6. Secure the system while it is on the lift so that it cannot roll. Use wood
chocks, restraining straps, or other similar types of constraints. Do not
attempt to hold it in place by hand.

7. Employ two to three persons to load and unload safely from a vehicle.

8. Load the unit aboard the vehicle carefully and keep its center of gravity.
Keep the unit still and upright. (Do not lay the unit down on its side.)

9. Ensure that the system is firmly secured while inside the vehicle. Any
movement, coupled with the weight of the system, could cause it to
break loose.

10. Secure the system with straps or as directed otherwise to prevent

motion during the transport.

11. Prevent vibration damage by driving cautiously. Avoid unpaved roads,

excessive speeds, and erratic stops or starts.

1-20
Image Display

The image display consists of an US image, application information, patient

information, and indicators.

Figure 1-13 Image display

1. Company logo
2. Hospital logo
3. Hospital name, Current date & time
4. Patient ID, Patient Name
5. Operator ID, Transducer name
6. Mechanical index, Thermal index
7. Zoom reference window
8. Context menu (Submenu for mode control)
9. Depth scale bar
10. Focus mark

1-21
 Image Display

11. Image parameter

12. Gray scale bar
13. The location of transducer
14. Soft key menu (main menu for mode control)
15. Clipboard indicator
16. Clipboard area
17. Clipboard icons (Recycle bin, Single layout format, Dual layout format)
18. Symbol lock, caps lock, USB connection, Network connection
19. Cine bar

Screen saver
Screen saver mode automatically activates to save the system power when
you do not operate the system and the system stays in idle for a specified
time. To deactivate this mode and return to normal operating mode, press
any key on the control panel.

To configure the screen saver settings, press the System

Preset key and go to System > General > Monitor.
NOTE

1-22
Control Panel Layout

1 2 3 4 5

Quick Patient Image System DICOM Clear

ESC ID Browse Preset Preset Spool F6 F7 F8 DVR Help Eject Hide All
Biopsy

~ ! @ # & ( ) +
Patient
1 2 3
$
4
%
5
^
6 7 *8 9 0 =
`
Q W E R T Y U I O P { }
Tab [ [
Ä A É Þ Ü Ú Í Ó Ö Enter
Transducer
Caps A S D F G H J K L : Symbol
Lock Á § Ð Ø ; º Lock

Z X C V B N M < < ?
Report
Shift
Æ ¢ Ñ , Ç . / Home PgUp End

Alt End Delete

Ctrl Fn Alt Char R Initial Exam Ins PgDn

E - view

User 1 CF
PW 4D
Y
X Z
M 2D
User 2
PD
Update
PW Angle
Text
CW
User 3 Active Mode
Panoramic
Measure Depth Focus Zoom
THI

Arrow r Harmonic
Pr
ea

ior

P1 P2
Cl

ity

Xpeed
Exit
Body Pattern
Cursor

Print
Set

Select

Figure 1-14 Control panel layout

1-23
 Control Panel Layout

Table 1-2 Key description

No Controls Description
1 Power on/off Use this control to turn on and off the system.
Use this control to select or adjust the
functions in the soft menu at the bottom of the
display.
2 Soft keys
 Press to select the corresponding soft menu.
 Rotate to adjust the function of the
corresponding soft menu.
Use this control to display the Patient
Patient Registration screen. You can enter patient
data.
Use this control to select the desired
Transducer
3 transducer, application, and preset.
Use this control to create a report based on the
Report
exam result and edit it.
Use this control to activate image management
E-view
with end of study options.
Use this control to type numeric values and
4 QWERTY keyboard
texts.
Use these controls to adjust TGC values on
5 TGC slides
images.
Use these controls to access user-defined
6 User (1~3)
functions.
Use these controls to activate 2D, PD, M, PW,
7 Imaging mode
CF, or 3D/4D modes.
Use this control to activate Continuous Wave
8 CW
(CW) Doppler mode. This control is optional.
Use this control to exit current screen (mode)
9 Exit
and return to the previous screen (mode).
Use this control to select the desired function
10 Select
from the context menu on the screen.

1-24
 Control Panel Layout

No Controls Description

1
Use this control to display the body pattern
Body Pattern
images.

System Basics
Use this control to display an arrow pointer on
Arrow
the screen.
Text Use this control to annotate images.
PW angle Use this control to change a PW angle.
Use this control to update a 2D image in real
11 Update time based on the specified time or freeze a 2D
image.
Use this control to adjust parameters for each
Active mode
mode in Duplex or Triplex mode.
Use this control to turn harmonic imaging on
Harmonic
and off.
Use this control to automatically optimize
Xpeed
image parameters on the live screen.
Use this control to show the cursor on the
Cursor screen. You can select a menu on the screen
using this cursor.
Use this control to delete the arrow, comment,
Clear
and measurement.
Measure Use this control to perform measurement.

12 Use this control to adjust the priority of

Trackball.
 In 2D mode, press to select the priority
Priority between the width and tilt functions.
 In Duplex or Triplex mode, press to select
the priority between ROIs of the activated
imaging modes.
Set Use this control to set the current function.
Use these controls to view an image in dual,
13 Image layout keys
single, or quad screen.

1-25
 Control Panel Layout

No Controls Description
Use this control to adjust the scanning depth of
Depth
an image.
Use this control to focus on the area of
Focus
interest.
14
Use this control to turn Zoom mode on.
 Rotate to activate Read zoom.
Zoom
 Press to activate Write zoom in Read zoom
mode.
15 Print, P1, P2 Use this control to print out.
16 Freeze Use this control to start and stop scanning.
 Use this control to acquire two-dimensional
ultrasound images with a composite,
extended field of view.
17 Panoramic
 The panoramic imaging is an option. If you
do not install this option, this panoramic
control is not activated.

1-26
 Transducers

The E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system provides the following transducers: SC1-6, C1-6,
SP1-5, SVC1-6, E3-10, L3-12, VC1-6, L3-12H, L3-8, SP3-8, L3-12HWD, SC1-6H,
E3-10H, EN3-10H, and SC1-4H. Most of them have a state of art in transducer
technology: single crystal transducers, composite transducers, and real-time
mechanical 4D transducers

The following list describes conventions for the transducers used in the E-CUBE 9
ultrasound system.

- Curved Linear (Convex) Array transducer: This array transducer is usually

designated by the first character "C."

- Linear array transducer: This array transducer is usually designated by the first
character "L."

- Phased array transducer: This array transducer is usually designated by

character "P."

- Endo-cavity transducer: This array transducer is usually designated by the first

character "E."

- High-resolution transducer: If a transducer supports high resolution

technology, “H” is added after the transducer name.

- If a transducer is manufactured with Single Crystal base technology, “S” is

added as the first character.

- Mechanical 4D transducer: This array is usually designated by the character

"V." If it is a 4D convex array, "C" is added.

1-27
 Transducers

Moving and storing transducers

Transducers should be placed inside their holders for moving short distances. For
shipping or moving considerably a long distance, storing transducers in their
carrying cases are strongly recommended. Storing them in carrying cases is not
only to protect the transducers from physical damage such as shock or vibration,
but also it will protect them from environmental damages such as humidity and
temperature.

For more information about transducer, see Transducer Overview on

page 8-2.
NOTE

1-28
2 Getting Started
This chapter shows you how to get started using
your system. It includes these topics:

 Operating Requirements

 Powering On/Off

 Adjusting the Monitor

 Connecting/Disconnecting the Transducer

 Activating/Deactivating the Transducer

2-1
 Operating Requirements

Before using your system, you should consider the following requirements.

Only qualified sonographers or physicians should perform scanning

with the system.
NOTE

Do not install the system by yourself. Only ALPINION MEDICAL

SYSTEMS service engineer should install the system.
WARNING

Electrical requirements
You should use a system with the specified power outlet as follows:

 100 - 120 VAC, 600 VA, 50 - 60 Hz

 200 - 240 VAC, 600 VA, 50 - 60 Hz

Using the system in a wrong voltage range causes damages on

the system.
WARNING

2-2
 Operating Requirements

Environmental requirements

2
You should use this system in proper environment to prevent it from radio

Getting Started
wave interference, dust and gas.

Using the system in an inappropriate environment might cause

unexpected problems.
WARNING

Make sure the area, which your system is installed, is well-ventilated, with a
temperature, humidity, and pressure requirements. If the system is
exposed to inappropriate temperature, humidity, or pressure, adapt your
system to normal range of environment for a few hours.

Temperature Humidity Pressure

Operation 10 °C ~ 35 °C 30 % ~ 75 % 700 ~ 1060 hPa

Storage -25 °C ~ 60 °C 20 % ~ 90 % 700 ~ 1060 hPa

Transportation -25 °C ~ 60 °C 20 % ~ 90 % 700 ~ 1060 hPa

Table 2-1 Environmental requirements

Before powering the system on, make sure that the system
meets the operational conditions in temperature and humidity.
CAUTION

2-3
 Powering On/Off

Power on
1. Make sure that the power cord is plugged into the power outlet.

Make sure that the system power is supplied from a

separate and properly rated power outlet.
CAUTION

2. Turn on the System On/Off switch on the bottom rear of the system.

3. Press the Power On/Off key on the control panel to turn on the system
power.

Power off
1. Press the Power On/Off key on the control panel to turn the power off.

2. When the shutdown dialog box appears, select Shutdown by using

Trackball.

Depending on the power-off setting, you can activate Sleep

mode or turn the system off immediately. To change the
NOTE power-off setting, press the System Preset key and go to
System > General > Power Off.

Do not unplug the power cord during the system operation.

Do not turn off the System On/Off switch before pressing
CAUTION the Power On/Off key. This may lead to data loss or
system software damage.

2-4
 Adjusting the Monitor

Rotate, tilt, pan, and fold the monitor

2
The position of monitor can be easily adjusted to fit your viewing by help of

Getting Started
the professional arm. This monitor can be adjusted in following positions:
- Rotating: the monitor with the professional arm provides three pivot
points for rotation (covers considerably wide rotation area).
- Tilting: the monitor can be tilted around its pivot point to both forward
and backward.
- Panning: the monitor can be panned forward and backward by the
rotation on the rear rotation pivot point on the professional arm. The
distance of monitor from user can be easily adjusted.
- Folding: the monitor can be folded down close to the control panel to
provide a stability when moving the system.
- Adjusting height (up/down): the height of monitor can be adjusted
without handling the control panel height.

Move up (Height adjust)

Folded Default posture Tilt backward

Tilt forward Panning

Figure 2-1 Adjusting the monitor

2-5
 Adjusting the Monitor

Contrast, brightness, and dim brightness

To adjust the contrast,

1. Press the Mode/Select () button on the monitor once.

2. To increase the contrast, press the Up () button. Press the Down ()
button to decrease the contrast. Repeat step 2 until desired value
reached.

Current contrast value is shown on the display.

NOTE

To adjust the brightness,

1. Press the Mode/Select () button on the monitor twice.

2. To increase the brightness, press the Up () button. Press the Down ()
button to decrease the brightness. Repeat step 2 until the desired value
is reached.

Current brightness value is shown on the display.

NOTE

2-6
 Adjusting the Monitor

To adjust the dim brightness,

2
1. Press the Mode/Select () button on the monitor three times.

Getting Started
2. To increase the dim brightness, press the Up () button. Press the Down
() button to decrease the dim brightness. Repeat step 2 until the
desired value is reached.

Current dim brightness value is shown on the display.

NOTE

LED lamp
The LED lamp is adapted to offer proper light at a dark room to see the
chart or readings.To turn the light on, press the LED Lamp button. Press
this button once again to turn this lamp off.

2-7
 Connecting/Disconnecting the Transducer

Connecting the transducer

You can connect the transducer to the transducer port when the system is
powered off or on. Make sure that you press the Freeze key on the control
panel before connecting the transducer.

Do not touch the patient when connecting or disconnecting a

transducer.
CAUTION

1. Check if you press the Freeze key on the control panel.

2. Slide the shutter down to open the transducer port.

Figure 2-2 Connecting the transducer

2-8
 Connecting/Disconnecting the Transducer

3. Insert the transducer connector into the transducer port.

2
Do not forcibly insert the transducer connector to the

Getting Started
system. Improper connection may cause damages to the
CAUTION system and transducer.

4. Turn the connector locking handle clockwise.

Figure 2-3 Connecting the transducer

 After connecting the transducer to the system, you need

to activate the desired transducer by selecting it from the
NOTE screen.
 The transducer models L3-12H, L3-12HWD, and SC1-6H
must only be connected to the third transducer port.

2-9
 Connecting/Disconnecting the Transducer

Disconnecting the transducer

You can disconnect the transducer from the transducer port when the
system is powered off or on. Make sure that you press the Freeze key on
the control panel before disconnecting the transducer.

Do not touch the exposed surface of the transducer connector

when the transducer is removed.
CAUTION

1. Check if you press the Freeze key on the control panel.

2. Turn the connector locking handle counter-clockwise.

3. Pull out the transducer connector from the transducer port.

4. Slide the shutter up to close the transducer port.

2-10
 Activating/Deactivating the Transducer

Activating the transducer

2
Use the following procedure to activate the transducer and application.

Getting Started
1. On the control panel, press the Transducer key.

2. The dialog box for transducer and application selection appears.

3. Move the cursor to select the desired transducer, application and preset
using Trackball on the control panel. Press the Set key on the control
panel.

Default transducer for the selected preset or default preset

for the selected transducer is selected automatically.
NOTE

4. Click Exit to exit and save your selections.

Selecting the Automatic Preset selection when changes

the Transducer check box shows the default application
NOTE and preset for the selected transducer.

2-11
 Activating/Deactivating the Transducer

Deactivating the transducer

Before deactivating the transducer, press the Freeze key on

the control panel. An error may occur when you deactivate the
NOTE transducer while the system is running.

Use the following procedure to deactivate the transducer.

1. Press the Freeze key on the control panel.

2. Clean the gel from the transducer.

3. Gently wipe the excess gel on the transducer surface.

4. Place the transducer in its holder.

2-12
3 Starting a Study
This chapter describes:

 Patient Registration Screen

 Entering Patient Information

 Quick ID

 Starting a New Study with an Existing Patient

 Retrieving Patient Information via Worklist

 Deleting a Patient or Study

 Locking a Patient or Study

 E-view

 Image History

3-1
 Patient Registration Screen

You can enter patient information on the Patient Registration screen. When the
patient information is entered, you can perform measurement and calculation,
save images to the image archive, and send the images to a DICOM device. You
can also identify the patient information on the patient banner and report screen.

To enter the Patient Registration screen,

- Press the Patient key on the control panel.

The following components are shown on the screen:

Figure 3-1 Patient Registration screen

1. Menu selection
2. Function selection
3. Patient information
4. Application information
5. Transducer and application selection
6. Patient search (Switch to the study list)
7. Exit
8. Soft key menu selection
9. HDD capacity indicator

3-2
Entering Patient Information

1. Press the Patient key on the control panel to display the Patient

3
Registration screen.

Starting a Study
2. The cursor positions on the Patient ID field. Enter patient information
using the alphanumeric keyboard. The Patient Registration screen
includes the following patient information fields.

Field name Description Remarks

Maximum 64 characters are

Identification code for a
Patient ID supported. Use a unique ID
patient
for each patient.

Each of last name, middle

name, and first name
Patient's last, first, and supports maximum 64
Name
middle name characters and the total
name supports maximum
64 characters.

Click the calendar icon and

select a date on the
Birth Date Patient's birth date
calendar. You can also
manually enter a date.

Automatically calculated
when birth date is entered.
Age Patient's age
You can also manually enter
an age.

Sex Female, male, other

Table 3-1 Patient information

3-3
 Entering Patient Information

 Using the TAB or Enter key on the QWERTY keyboard allows

you to navigate through each field on the Patient
NOTE Registration screen. You can use Trackball and the Set
key on the control panel to move and fix the cursor.
 To automatically generate a patient ID with current date and
time,
- Press the System Preset key and go to Patient Info.
Select the Auto ID Generation check box.
- Press the Quick ID key on the QWERTY keyboard and
select the Auto ID Generation check box on the Quick
ID screen.

3. Enter required application information for the selected application.

To change application, select the Application drop-down list and then

select an application (e.g. Abdomen, OB, GYN, Cardiology, Vascular,
Urology, Pediatrics, Small Parts, EM). All possible information needs to be
entered.

Figure 3-2 Selecting an application

3-4
 Entering Patient Information

❚ ABD application

3
No specific application data

Starting a Study
❚ OB and EM application

Field Descriptions

Select LMP or IVF first to calculate EDD and enter

LMP/IVF the date of the last menstrual period (or In Vitro
Fertilization).

Estimated Date of Delivery. The system

automatically calculates and displays EDD after
entering LMP or IVF. When you enter or change EDD,
EDD
the system calculates and displays values for LMP/
IVF and GA.
EDD = LMP + 280 days

GA is automatically calculated when you enter LMP,

GA IVF or EDD.
GA = Current date - LMP

Fetus # Select the fetus number (up to 4 fetuses)

Gravida Enter the number of pregnancy.

Para Enter the number of childbirth.

Ectopics Enter the number of ectopic pregnancy.

Aborta Enter the number of abortion.

Table 3-2 OB and EM application

3-5
 Entering Patient Information

❚ GYN application

Field Descriptions

Enter the date of the last menstrual period using the

LMP
selected date format (ex – MM/DD/YYYY).

Exp. Ovul Enter an expected ovulation date.

Day of Cycles Enter a menstrual cycle.

Gravida Enter the number of pregnancy.

Para Enter the number of childbirth.

Ectopics Enter the number of ectopic pregnancy.

Aborta Enter the number of abortion.

Table 3-3 GYN application

❚ Cardio application

Field Descriptions

BSA Body Surface Area (Calculated, No input data)

HR Heart rate (bpm)

Table 3-4 Cardio application

3-6
 Entering Patient Information

❚ Vascular application

3
Field Descriptions

Starting a Study
Blood pressure of left arm, using the systole over
Left BP
diastole measurement in mmHg

Blood pressure of right arm, using the systole over

Right BP
diastole measurement in mmHg

ABI Ankle Brachial Index

Table 3-5 Vascular application

❚ Urology application

Field Descriptions

PSA Enter the value of the Prostate-specific antigen.

PPSA
Enter the first value of the predicted PSA coefficient.
Coefficient1

PPSA Enter the second value of the predicted PSA

Coefficient2 coefficient.

Table 3-6 Urology application

3-7
 Entering Patient Information

❚ Pediatrics application
No specific application data

❚ Small Part application

No specific application data

4. Enter the general application information.

Field Descriptions

Enter the patient’s height using selected dimension

Height
(cm, ft, inch)

Enter the patient’s weight using selected dimension

Weight
(kg, lb, oz)

BP Blood pressure in mmHg

Maximum 16 characters
Identification code indicating the sequence of the
Accession #
current study as related to other studies for this
patient. Usually generated by a HIS or RIS server.

Comments Maximum 144 characters

Indication Maximum 72 characters

Performing MD The name of performing MD

Referring MD The name of referring MD

Operator The name of operator

Table 3-7 Application information

3-8
 Entering Patient Information

 To configure the measurement unit, press the System

3
Preset key and go to System > General > Location.

Starting a Study
 When you change the operator ID on the Patient
Registration screen, the Log In dialog box appears on
NOTE the screen. Select a desired operator ID from the
Operator field and enter a valid password into the
Password field, and then click OK.

5. Click Register to enter patient and application information into the

database prior to examination.

6. Click Exit to register patient and application information and exit from
the Patient Registration screen. The scan screen appears.

Always verify the identification with the patient to avoid

patient identification errors. Make sure that the correct
patient identification appears on all screens before printing
CAUTION
out the patient information.

3-9
 Quick ID

With the Quick ID feature, you can quickly register a patient by entering basic
patient information. This feature is useful when you do not have enough time to
register all patient information.

1. Press the Quick ID key on the QWERTY keyboard. The Quick ID screen
appears.

Figure 3-2 Quick ID screen

2. Enter Patient ID, Name, Birth Date, and Sex. Only OB application shows
the LMP field.

Using the TAB or Enter key on the QWERTY keyboard

allows you to navigate through each field on the Quick ID
screen. You can use Trackball and the Set key on the
NOTE
control panel to move and fix the cursor.

To enter more information including application information, go to the

Patient Registration screen by pressing the Patient key on the control
panel.

3. Click OK to save the patient.

Do not register a patient ID using the Quick ID feature while

scanning an image or performing measurement or
calculation with no patient ID. The current image or
CAUTION
measurement data may be lost.

3-10
Starting a New Study with an Existing Patient

3
When you register a patient, the study list appears on the display. If
the patient is not registered, the patient list appears instead.

Starting a Study
NOTE

1. Press the Patient key on the control panel. The Patient Registration
screen appears.

2. Select a search criteria (Patient ID, Patient Name, Birth Date, Sex, Exam
Date, and Lock) from the Search drop-down list and enter a search
keyword.

To view all registered patients while entering a search keyword, click

Clear.

3. When the search results appear, select a desired patient from the patient
list.

For example, when you select Exam Date, you can select a desired
period (Today, Last Week, Last Month, and Last 3 Months) and a specific
date from the drop-down list.

4. Click New Study on the function selection to create a new study.

5. Enter or edit the patient information.

6. Click Register.

7. Click Exit to return to the Scan screen.

3-11
 Retrieving Patient Information via Worklist

1. Press the Patient key on the control panel. The Patient Registration
screen appears.

2. Select Worklist on the function selection to view patient data from the
default worklist server.

3. To change the worklist server, select a source from the Source

drop-down list.

Before connecting to the worklist server, you need to

configure worklist settings in System Preset >
NOTE Connectivity > Worklist.

4. Select Worklist to retrieve patient data from the worklist server.

The search results appear on the list.

5. Select the patient you want to start a study.

6. Press the Transfer soft key to transfer the selected study to the patient
archive. The progress bar appears on the screen while transferring.

Destination for transfer is always Local Archive HDD.

NOTE

3-12
 Deleting a Patient or Study

3
Before deleting a patient or study, make sure you have already backed
up the patient data using Backup Patient Archive or export function.

Starting a Study
CAUTION After deleting the patient or study, you CANNOT recover it.

To select multiple patients from the patient list, press the Set key
while the Ctrl or Shift key is pressed.
NOTE

Deleting a patient

To switch between the patient list and the study list, use
Patient List or Study List.
NOTE

1. Search and select a patient from the patient list.

2. Press the Delete soft key.

3. When the Confirmation dialog box appears, click Yes to delete the
selected patient.

When the patient you want to delete is locked, you cannot

delete the patient by clicking Delete Patient. You have to
NOTE unlock the locked patient before deleting it.

3-13
 Deleting a Patient or Study

Deleting a study
1. Select a study from the study list.

2. Press the Delete soft key.

3. When the Confirmation dialog box appears, click Yes to delete the
selected study.

When the study you want to delete is locked, you cannot

delete the study by clicking Delete Study. You have to
NOTE unlock the locked study before deleting it.

3-14
 Locking a Patient or Study

To prevent deleting or moving patient data, use Lock functionality.

3
Starting a Study
Locking the existing patient
1. Search and select a patient from the patient list.

2. Press the Lock soft key.

3. You can see the locked patient with the lock icon in the patient list.

When you select a locked patient, you can see all of the
studies are locked.
NOTE

Locking the existing study

1. Select a study from the study list.

2. Press the Lock soft key.

3. You can see the locked study with the lock icon in the study list.

To unlock the locked patient or study, press the Unlock soft

key.
NOTE

3-15
 Locking a Patient or Study

Sorting the list

Sort the patient or study information by clicking the column names (e.g.
Lock, Patient ID, Last Name, First Name, Birth Date, Sex, Image Size, Last
Exam, Exam Date, and Study #) of the patient or study list in ascending or
descending order.

Ending a study
When you end a study, all images of the current study are saved in the local
hard disk.

- Press the E-view key on the control panel and select End Study on the
context menu of the E-view screen.

- You can also end a study by selecting New Patient on the Patient
Registration screen.

3-16
 E-view

The E-view feature allows you to review the current study images or saved study

3
images. While reviewing, you can print an image, send an image to a DICOM
device, or save an image to a removable media.

Starting a Study
To activate the E-view feature,

- Press the E-view key on the control panel.

- On the Patient Registration or Image History screen, select E-view to

switch to E-view mode.

Figure 3-3 E-view

3-17
 E-view

Reviewing an image
Select an image and press the Review soft key. The image is shown on the
scan screen.

Ending a study
To end a study immediately,

- Press the End Exam key on the control panel.

- Select End Study on the context menu, and then select Store All or
Delete All.

Printing an image
On the E-view screen, you can print images via the standard printer.

1. Select an image or multiple images by pressing the Set key.

2. Select Print on the context menu.

The E-View Print window appears.

3. Select a standard (default) printer and set up the printing options.

4. When you are finished, click Print.

The selected printer prints out the selected image(s).

To invert color between images and background, select the

Invert Image check box.
NOTE

3-18
 E-view

Sending an image to a DICOM device

3
You can transfer image data to a DICOM device such as DICOM storage or

Starting a Study
DICOM print.

To configure the destination device, press the System Preset

key and go to Connectivity.
NOTE

1. Select an image or multiple images by pressing the Set key.

2. Select Send on the function selection. The Send dialog box appears.

3. Select a destination from the Device drop-down list.

4. Click Send. The progress bar appears while files are being transferred.

Saving an image to a removable media

You can save images to a removable media. The supported file formats are
PC friendly formats such as BMP, JPEG, AVI, and WMV.

1. Insert your removable media to the media tray properly.

2. Select an image or multiple images by pressing the Set key.

3. Select Save As on the function selection. The Save As dialog box

appears.

4. Select a media from the Device drop-down list.

5. The system automatically creates a file name. To change the file name,
enter a file name.

6. Select an image format in the Type drop-down list.

7. Click Save.

3-19
 Image History

Image History allows you to review all previous studies for the selected patient.
When you access Image History, the study information with the study date and
location appears in a table.

While scanning an image, you can compare the active image with the saved images
in the dual or quad screen.

Figure 3-4 Image history

3-20
 Image History

To review an image,

3
1. Put a removable media (CD or DVD) to the media tray, if necessary.

Starting a Study
2. Press the Patient key on the control panel.

3. Select a desired patient in the patient list.

4. Select Image History on the menu selection. All of the studies for the
selected patient are listed by chronological order.

5. Select an image in the desired study by using Trackball. The

blue-colored frame appears on the selected image.

To review multiple images between different studies, select desired

images of the studies you want. You can select up to 4 images at one
time.

You can compare images by changing the image layout to

dual imaging or quad imaging. Press the Dual key or Quad
NOTE key on the control panel.

6. Press the Review soft key to review the image.

7. To delete the image while reviewing it, press the Delete soft key.

8. When you are finished, click Exit to move to the Scan screen.

To use the E-view function, select a desired study and then select
E-View on the menu selection to move to the E-view screen.

3-21
3-22
4 Imaging Modes
The system provides the four imaging (scanning) modes:

 2D Mode

 M Mode

 Color Flow (CF) Mode

 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

 Continuous Wave Doppler (CWD) Mode

 3D and 4D Modes

4-1
 2D Mode

In 2D mode ultrasound, your transducer simultaneously scans a plane through the

body that can be viewed as a two-dimensional image on the screen.

In 2D mode, two-dimensional images and measurements of the anatomical

structures of soft tissues such as internal organs and vascularities can be
determined.

General workflow
To start a scan in 2D mode,

1. Press the 2D key on the control panel to start 2D mode.

2. Use the following controls for image optimization:

- 2D key (rotate to adjust 2D mode gain)

- Depth and Focus keys
- TGC slide controls

To reset the current image settings, press the Initial key on

the QWERTY keyboard.
NOTE

3. Use additional soft keys, if necessary.

4. To enter another imaging mode, press the corresponding mode key.

5. Press the 2D key to return to 2D mode from another imaging mode.

4-2
 2D Mode

Image optimization controls

4
Soft key menus

Imaging Modes
Press or rotate the corresponding soft key to select the following imaging
functions:

- Frequency

- Dynamic Range and Gray Map

- Rejection and Colorize

- Up/Down

- Angle steer and Virtual convex

4-3
 2D Mode

Gain
Increase or decrease in the amount of echo information displayed in an
image. It may have the effect of brightening or darkening the image if
sufficient echo information is generated.

❚ Adjusting the gain

Increase or decrease the sensitivity of the instrument. You can use two
controls to adjust gain: The overall gain control and TGC. To decrease or
increase overall gain, rotate the 2D soft key.

❚ Gain values
Gain is shown as Gn on the display. Gain values may vary depending on
the transducer, application, and frequency setting.
Gain values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you
change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new patient

❚ Remarks
Commonly, you need to decrease the gain when you increase the Power
Output; To increase the gain, decrease the power output. Gain and TGC
interact by adding together.

4-4
 2D Mode

Depth

4
Increasing the depth enables the deeper structures to be visualized. You can
decrease the depth if you do not need the bottom portion of the display.

Imaging Modes
❚ Adjusting the depth
Increase or decrease the depth by rotating the Depth key clockwise or
counter-clockwise on the control panel. You can see the display and
image parameters are automatically changed.

❚ Depth values
Maximum and minimum depth selections are dependent on the
frequency of the transducer you are currently using.

 You might adjust TGC and focus with depth adjustment.

Adjusting depth erases real-time calculations of the
NOTE graphic on the screen (but not the completed results on
the worksheet page).
 Incrementing depth depends on what transducer and
application you use. When you change the transducer,
application, preset, or click New Patient on the Patient
Registration screen, depth parameters are set to the
factory or user preset settings.

4-5
 2D Mode

Focus
Curved array, linear array, and phased array transducers support multiple
transmit focus zones, which you can select in 2D-mode images. Focal zone
markers display on the left side of the image screen.

❚ Adjusting the focus

1. Press the Focus key.

2. Rotate the Focus key clockwise to increase the number of focal zones.

Rotate the Focus key counter-clockwise to decrease the number of

focal zones.

To move the focal zone to the near/far field, adjust the focus
position by rotating the Focus key.
NOTE

❚ Focus values
Focal zone number and position may vary depending on the depth, zoom,
transducer, application, and selected frequency setting.

❚ Remarks
Using multiple focal zones causes a reduction in the frame rate. The
amount of frame rate reduction depends on the depth of view and the
transducer.

4-6
 2D Mode

Harmonic

4
Tissue Harmonic Imaging (THI) is a system feature that can enhance the
contrast resolution with fine tissue differentiation, benefiting patients with

Imaging Modes
poor images. THI creates images from received signals using the harmonics
of the transmitted frequency.

For certain applications, Filtered THI (FTHI) can be used to optimize

temporal resolution. The frame rate of FTHI is higher than THI between
similar images. To use the FTHI function, you need an additional request to
your local agent.

❚ Adjusting THI
To adjust THI,

1. Press the Harmonic key. INV appears next to 2D image parameters.

2. To change the frequency of THI, rotate the Frq soft key.

3. To exit THI, press the Harmonic key.

To adjust FTHI,

1. Press the Harmonic key. HAR appears next to 2D image parameters.

2. If INV appears next to 2D image parameters, rotate the Frq soft key
one level to switch to FTHI (HAR).

3. To change the frequency of FTHI, rotate the Frq soft key.

4. To exit FTHI, press the Harmonic key.

❚ Harmonic values
Changing multi-frequency resets those parameters which are presettable
by frequency to their preset values for the current harmonic frequency.
Multi frequency values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application

4-7
 2D Mode

XpeedTM

XpeedTM is an auto-optimizing technology that enables you to easily adjust

an image’s the contrast resolution and brightness uniformity. For using this
feature, you need an additional request to your local agent.

❚ Adjusting Xpeed
To activate or deactivate Xpeed, press the Xpeed key on the control
panel.

Time Gain Compensation (TGC)

To compensate for weak signals or over-bright signals at various depths,
you can adjust Time Gain Compensation (TGC) using the TGC slide controls.
The 2D control adjusts the overall receiver gain and compensates for the
brightness of the image.

❚ Adjusting the TGC

TGC slide control selectively adjusts the sensitivity (brightness) in depth.
- Slide the slide control to the left to decrease the gain in the
corresponding specific 2D depth.
- Slide the slide control to the right to increase the gain in the
corresponding specific 2D depth.

❚ TGC values
TGC compensates for attenuation in tissue by increasing the receiver
gain as a function of time following each transmit pulse.

4-8
 2D Mode

Dual and quad imaging

4
Using dual imaging, you can position two images side by side on the display.
Dual imaging is available in all 2D live imaging modes, M mode, Color Flow

Imaging Modes
mode, and Doppler mode.

To change the image layout,

1. In 2D mode, Color flow mode, or M mode imaging, select Dual (or

Quad). The image is shown on the left of the display.

2. Select Dual (or Quad) to activate the second image.

3. Select Dual to switch between the two images.

4. Press the 2D key to exit the dual (or quad) imaging.

4-9
 2D Mode

Panoramic
Panoramic is an optional imaging function that provides you with a wider 2D
image over a long tissue. By connecting successive 2D images, you can
view them as a single image on the screen. This feature is especially helpful
when you study vascular structures such as blood vessel.

This function is only available in 2D mode.

NOTE

❚ Adjusting the panoramic

To activate panoramic function,

1. Press the Panoramic key on the control panel.

2. Press the Set key to start scanning.

3. When you are finished acquiring images, press the Freeze key on the
control panel.

4. Perform a measurement or record images.

 When the panoramic feature is activated, you may not use

the following imaging functions: Spatial compound, Virtual
convex, Persist
NOTE  For linear transducers, errors of the distance
measurements may be within 5%.

4-10
 2D Mode

Priority

4
The priority function has the following two options: Width, Tilt

Imaging Modes
❚ Width
Control the size or angle width of the 2D image sector. A smaller angle
generally produces an image with a higher frame rate.

You can widen or narrow the size of the sector angle to maximize the
image's region of interest (ROI).

 Adjusting the width

To narrow or widen the ROI, press the Priority key on the control
panel. Width is highlighted in the message line. Move Trackball left or
right to decrease or increase the angle size. Then, press the Priority
key to set the region of interest (ROI).

 Width values
Width values may vary depending on the transducer (not applicable for
linear transducers) and application.

❚ Tilt
After the size or angle width of the 2D image sector is set, you can steer
the image sector by using the tilt option. To adjust the tilt, use Trackball
when Tilt is highlighted in the message line.

The priority function may not be available with the transducer

models L3-12 and L3-12H.
NOTE

4-11
 2D Mode

Angle steer
In 2D mode and Doppler mode, you can tilt an image left or right by using a
linear transducer.

❚ Adjusting the angle steer

Rotate the Angle Steer soft key clockwise or counter-clockwise. The
each level of the angle increment/decrement is 3 or 5 degrees depending
on the linear transducer type.

This function is not available when the virtual convex

function is applied to the current image.
NOTE

Frequency
You can adjust the operating frequency of the transducer. The selected
frequency is displayed in the Image Parameter.

Changing the frequency value on the display is selecting different transmit

patterns associated with that value, including transmit pulse shape,
frequency and transmit sequence.

❚ Adjusting the frequency

1. Press the Frequency soft key.

2. Select a desired frequency.

Changing the frequency is not available when the image is

frozen.
NOTE

❚ Frequency values
Frequency values may vary depending on the transducer and application.
The values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you
change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new patient

4-12
 2D Mode

Dynamic range

4
Dynamic range is useful for optimizing tissue texture in different anatomy.
Dynamic range should be adjusted so that the highest amplitude edges

Imaging Modes
appear as white while lowest levels (such as blood) are just visible.

❚ Adjusting the dynamic range

To increase or decrease, adjust Dynamic Range.

When the dynamic range is set high, the image is softer and
more low-level data is visible.
NOTE

❚ Dynamic Range values

The dynamic range values are 30 dB to 170 dB. Dynamic range operates
in real-time, Freeze, CINE, and CINE Timeline, but is not available during
the VCR playback. It also affects Gain.

4-13
 2D Mode

Rejection
Low echo information will not be displayed on the screen below the adjusted
rejection level.

The rejection function determines the amplitude level below which echoes
are suppressed (rejected). Rejection set to high leads to bad tissue display.

❚ Adjusting the rejection

Adjust to the right to increase and left to decrease the rejection values.

When you increase the rejection, low-level echoes are

rejected and appear in the 2D image.
NOTE

❚ Rejection values
The rejection values are 0 to 10.

Virtual convex
On linear transducers, virtual convex provides a larger field of view in the
far field.

❚ Adjusting the virtual convex

To activate or deactivate virtual convex, press the Virtual Convex soft
key.

❚ Virtual convex values

The virtual convex values are On and Off. Virtual convex allows for a
wider field of view. This is available in 2D mode, M mode, Color flow
mode, and Doppler mode.

4-14
 2D Mode

Up/Down

4
To flip the image vertically, select Up/Down.

Imaging Modes
❚ Up/Down values
The Up/Down values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient

To flip the image horizontally, press the key on the

QWERTY keyboard.
NOTE

Gray map
The Gray map provides you with the system maps for 2D, M, and Doppler
modes.

❚ Adjusting the gray map

To select a map, press the Gray Map soft key. The image reflects the
map as you go through the selections.

❚ Gray map values

Gray maps gradually change from the least contrasty or softest to the
most contrasty. The gray map values are 0 to 13.

4-15
 2D Mode

Colorize
Colorize is the colorization of a conventional 2D mode image or Doppler
Spectrum to enhance the user's ability to discern 2D mode, M mode, and
Doppler mode intensity valuations.

❚ Adjusting the Colorize

1. Press the Colorize soft key.

2. Rotate the soft key to adjust the colorize.

❚ Colorize values
The colorize values are 0 to 12.

Persist
Persistence provides a visible smoothing effect to the 2D-mode image by
persisting lines of image data for each frame of imaging.

❚ Adjusting the persist

To increase or decrease persist, select Persist on the context menu.

❚ Persist values
The persist values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient

4-16
 2D Mode

SRI

4
Speckle Reduction Imaging (SRI) is a smart solution that enables you to
reduce unnecessary elements of your image such as speckles and image

Imaging Modes
noises. SRI is useful when unnecessary elements interfere with the desired
image detail. After applying SRI, you can view your image more smoothly.
The SRI feature is available in 2D, 3D, and 4D modes.

❚ Adjusting SRI
To activate or deactivate SRI, select SRI on the context menu.

❚ SRI values
The SRI values are On and Off.

Full SRITM
Full SRITM is a more powerful SRI feature that allows you to adjust the SRI
level according to your image condition or imaging mode. The full SRI
feature is available in 2D, 3D, and 4D modes. For using this feature, you
need an additional request to your local agent.

❚ Adjusting the full SRI

To increase or decrease the full SRI, select FullSRI on the context menu
and adjust the level.

❚ Full SRI values

The full SRI values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient

4-17
 2D Mode

Spatial compound
Spatial compound allows you to combine different steering frames to form a
single frame at real-time frame rates.

❚ Adjusting the spatial compound

To adjust the spatial compound, select Spt.Comp on the context menu.

❚ Spatial compound values

The spatial compound values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient
 This function may not be available with the transducer
model SP1-5.
 This function may not be available when the virtual
NOTE
convex or the angle steer function is activated.

4-18
 2D Mode

Line density

4
Line density optimizes 2D mode frame rate or spatial resolution for the best
possible image. A lower line density is useful in fetal heart beat, adult

Imaging Modes
cardiac applications and in clinical Radiology applications requiring
significantly higher frame rates. A higher line density is useful in obtaining
very high resolution (e.g. thyroid, testicles).

❚ Adjusting the line density

Line density changes the vector density and frame rate.

1. Select Line Density on the context menu.

2. Increase the resolution or increase the frame rate.

❚ Line density values

The line density values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient. A lower line density is useful in fetal heart beat, and adult
cardiac.

4-19
 2D Mode

Frequency compound
Frequency compound allows your system to compound images on between
high and low frequencies. By using each imaging feature on different
frequencies, you can obtain a better image of enhanced resolution and
penetration.

❚ Adjusting the frequency compound

To activate or deactivate the frequency compound, select Frq.Comp on
the context menu.

❚ Frequency compound values

The frequency compound values are On and Off.

4-20
 M Mode

The M mode display is formed by using a stationary ultrasound beam, yielding

4
distance/motion versus time information for reflections along a single ultrasound
beam line. M mode provides a display format and measurement capability that

Imaging Modes
represents tissue displacement (motion) occurring over time along a single vector.

In M mode, you can learn the movement of an area of anatomy. First, you position
the M-line in the 2D image on the anatomy of Interest. Then you can display
information about movement along that line in M mode trace. M mode trace can be
helpful when you perform measurements, especially measuring the heart rate.

General workflow
1. On the control panel, press the M key to activate M mode.

2. Move the M-line to the anatomy of interest by using Trackball.

3. Rotate the 2D key to change the initial gain for M mode.

4. To change the sweep speed, rotate the Sweep soft key to select a
setting.

5. To review the M mode trace, press the Freeze key, and use Trackball to
scroll forward or backward.

6. To exit M mode, press the M key or the 2D key.

4-21
 M Mode

Image optimization controls

Soft menu keys

Press or rotate the corresponding soft key to select the following imaging
functions:

- Dynamic Range and Gray Map

- Rejection and Colorize

- Sweep and Full M

Gain
With the Gain control, you can adjust the brightness of M mode image. The
adjustment of the Gain control determines the amount of amplification
applied to the received echoes. All received echoes are amplified with the
same gain value regardless of the scan depth. The M Gain function
influences the M trace only.

To adjust the brightness of the entire image, rotate the M key on the control
panel.

 Rotate the M key clockwise to increase the brightness.

 Rotate the M key counter-clockwise to decrease the brightness.

4-22
 M Mode

Frequency

4
In Multi-frequency mode, you can change the frequency of the transducer.
The frequency function is the same as the one in 2D mode. For adjusting

Imaging Modes
the frequency and frequency values, see Frequency on page 4-12.

TGC slider controls

In M mode, the TGC slide controls have the same functions in 2D mode. See
Time Gain Compensation (TGC) on page 4-8 for more information.

Depth
In M mode, the depth function is the same as the one in 2D mode. See
Depth on page 4-5 for more information.

CINE
In M mode, image trace information can be recalled. When freezing an
image, a certain time frame (M information of the last examination
sequence) is stored in the loop memory. The sequence can be reviewed
second by second.

4-23
 M Mode

Sweep speed
During M mode imaging, you can adjust the sweep speed of the display.
There are six levels for the sweep speed: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The sweep
speed is displayed on the soft key menu.

❚ Adjusting the sweep speed

To increase or decrease the sweep speed, press the Sweep soft key.

❚ Sweep speed values

The medium sweep speed is suitable for normal use, but the fast sweep
speed may be useful to show the shape of some flow information.

❚ Remarks
You can speed up or slow down the timeline to see more or fewer
occurrences over time.

Full timeline
Expand the display to full timeline display.

❚ Adjusting the full timeline

Select Full M.

❚ Full timeline values

The Full timeline values are On and Off.

4-24
 M Mode

M mode zoom

4
When the system is in M mode, you can magnify a portion of the reference
image using M mode zoom function.

Imaging Modes
To adjust the M mode zoom,

1. In M mode or 2D mode with the M-line displayed, press the Zoom key on
the control panel to activate Write zoom. To activate Read zoom, rotate
the Zoom key.

2. Use Trackball to position the zoom box and M line in the zoomed image,
and press the Set key.

3. Use Trackball to adjust the size of the zoom box, and press the Set key.

4. To zoom out, press the Exit key.

Anatomical M mode
Anatomical M mode allows you to move or rotate an M line and review an
image on the desired region. For using this feature, you need an additional
request to your local agent.

To activate Anatomical M mode,

1. In M mode, rotate the Anatomical M soft key.

The cursor line of the Anatomical M mode appears in the middle of a 2D

image.

2. Use Trackball to move the cursor line (left/right/up/down).

3. Rotate the AMM Angle soft key to rotate the angle.

4-25
 M Mode

M color mode
M color mode is a combination mode of M mode and Color flow mode which
color flow information overlays the M mode image by using the velocity and
color map. The color flow wedge is shown on the M-mode timeline. The
color map in this mode is the same as in Color flow mode, but the size and
position of the color flow window depends on the 2D mode image.

To activate M color mode,

1. Press the M key on the control panel.

2. Press the CF key.

3. To switch to Color flow mode, press the Active Mode key.

To return to M color mode, press the Active Mode key again.

4-26
 Color Flow (CF) Mode

Color flow mode is useful when you see the flow in a broad area. Color flow allows

4
visualization of the flow in the CF ROI whereas Doppler mode provides spectral
information in a smaller area.

Imaging Modes
Color flow mode is also used as a stepping stone to Doppler mode. Use Color flow
mode to locate flow and vessels before activating Doppler mode.

General workflow
1. Press the CF key on the control panel. The CF window appears over the
2D mode image.

2. Move the cursor to the CF window by using Trackball.

3. Use Trackball to change the position of the color box.

4. Press the Set key and use Trackball to change the size of the color box.

5. Use Trackball to move the color box left or right.

6. Press the Freeze key to hold the image in the memory.

7. Record color flow images, if necessary.

8. To exit Color flow mode, press the CF key or the 2D key.

4-27
 Color Flow (CF) Mode

The combination imaging modes of Color flow

mode and Power doppler mode
The following combination imaging modes are available:

- 2D mode with Color Flow or Power Doppler

- 2D mode with color and zoom

- 2D/Doppler mode with Color Flow or Power Doppler

Color flow imaging parameters

Use the ultrasound system controls and soft key selections to change the
settings for imaging parameters. The system increases the lighting intensity
of the control or key associated with the active function.

Positioning, sizing, and steering the ROI

When you press the CF key in 2D mode, the color window or ROI appears
on the image.

The initial location and the shape of the window depend on the active
transducer and default imaging depth.

4-28
 Color Flow (CF) Mode

Changing the size and position of the color ROI

4
1. Press the CF key on the control panel. The system places the ROI,
outlined in solid yellow, on the image.

Imaging Modes
2. Use Trackball to reposition the ROI.

3. To resize the ROI, press the Set key and move Trackball. The system
outlines the ROI with a dotted yellow line with solid corners.

4. Press the Set key to set the size.

5. To exit Color flow mode, press the CF key or the 2D key.

Image optimization controls

Soft key menus

Press or rotate the corresponding soft key to select the following imaging
functions:

- Frequency

- PRF and Wall Filter

- Threshold and Persist

- Color Map

- Baseline and Invert

4-29
 Color Flow (CF) Mode

Gain
Gain amplifies the overall strength of echoes processed in the Color Flow
window or spectral Doppler timeline.

❚ Adjusting the Gain

- Rotate the CF key clockwise to increase the gain; rotate the key
counter-clockwise to decrease the gain.
- Rotate the CF key to adjust the receive gain for color without affecting
the 2D mode image gain.

❚ Gain values
Gain values may vary by transducer, application, and multi-frequency
setting. Gain value is shown as Gn on the display. Gain values are
returned to the factory or user preset value when you change one of the
followings: Transducer, application, or new patient

Pulse repetition frequency (PRF)

Increase or decrease the PRF on the color bar. The PRF is established by the
depth of the color ROI. Before a pulse is transmitted, the pulse transmitter
must wait until the echoes from the previously transmitted pulse return
from the color ROI.

❚ Adjusting the PRF

To adjust the PRF up or down, rotate the PRF soft key.

❚ PRF values
The PRF values may vary depending on the transducer and application.
The values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you
change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new patient.
PRF is in kHz.

4-30
 Color Flow (CF) Mode

Threshold

4
Threshold assigns the grayscale level at which color information stops.

Imaging Modes
❚ Adjusting Threshold
Increase or decrease the grayscale threshold.

❚ Threshold values
The threshold values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient

Baseline
Change the Color Flow or Doppler spectrum baseline to accommodate
higher velocity blood flow. Minimize aliasing by displaying a greater range of
the forward flow with respect to the reverse flow, or vice versa.

Baseline adjusts the alias point. The default baseline is at the midpoint of
the color display and at the midpoint of the color bar reference display.

❚ Adjusting the baseline

To adjust the baseline, rotate the Baseline soft key.

❚ Baseline values
Zero velocity follows the baseline. The total PRF range remains the same.
Values may vary by transducer and application. Baseline values are
returned to the factory or user preset value when you change one of the
followings: Transducer, application, or new patient

4-31
 Color Flow (CF) Mode

Wall filter
Wall filter allows you to filter out clutter signals caused from vessel
movement.

❚ Adjusting the wall filter

To raise or lower the wall filter, press the PRF soft key and rotate the key.

❚ Wall filter values

The wall filter values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change the following: Transducer, application, new patient

Invert (Color Invert)

Invert allows you to view blood flow from a different perspective, e.g., red
away (negative velocities) and blue toward (positive velocities). You can
invert a real-time or frozen image.

 Invert reverses the color map, NOT the color PRF.

 While viewing an inverse image, be careful not to confuse
NOTE over scan direction or left/right image reversal.

❚ Adjusting the invert

To reverse the color flow, press the Invert (Color Invert) soft key.
In Triplex mode, both Color flow and Doppler mode velocity scales are
inverted.

❚ Invert values
The invert values are On and Off.

4-32
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) is a Doppler mode that measures velocity in a PW

4
sample volume and displays that information in a spectral trace with an audio
output.

Imaging Modes
Doppler is intended to provide measurement data concerning the velocity of
moving tissues and fluids. PW Doppler lets you examine the blood flow data
selectively from a small region called the sample volume.

Doppler equipment is commonly used for detecting and evaluating the blood flow in
arteries and veins. The Doppler effect is used in medical ultrasound to detect
moving reflectors and to measure and characterize the blood flow.

General workflow
1. In 2D mode, press the PW key on the control panel.

2. Adjust the position and the size of the sample volume.

3. To change the sample volume size, rotate the SV soft key.

4. To adjust the angle-to-flow correction, rotate the Angle Correct soft

key.

5. To change the sweep speed, rotate the Sweep soft key.

6. To exit PW doppler mode, press the PW key or the 2D key.

4-33
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Image optimization controls

Soft key menus

Press or rotate the corresponding soft key to select the following imaging
functions:

- Sample Volume (SV) and Frequency

- PRF and Wall Filter

- Angle Correct

- Baseline and Sweep

- Invert and Full D

PW doppler angle
Angle between the direction of reflector motion and the direction of
propagation of the ultrasound beam.

PW doppler effect
Phenomenon whereby there is a change in the perceived frequency of a
sound source relative to the transmitted frequency when there is a relative
motion between a sound source and the listener.

4-34
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Doppler sample volume length

4
Size the sample volume gate.

Imaging Modes
❚ Adjusting the sample volume length
To increase or decrease the gate size, rotate the SV soft key.
You can adjust the sample volume gate length whenever the sample
volume gate appears on the display.

Adjustments to the sample volume gate size are made from

the center point of the sample volume position.
NOTE

❚ Sample volume length values

Values may vary depending on the transducer and application. Sample
volume gate size values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new
patient

4-35
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Pulse repetition frequency (PRF)

Adjust the velocity scale to accommodate faster/slower blood flow
velocities. Velocity scale determines the pulse repetition frequency. If the
sample volume gate range exceeds single gate PRF capability, the system
automatically switches to the high PRF mode. When multiple gates appear,
HPRF is indicated on the display.

❚ Adjusting the PRF

To raise or lower the PRF, rotate the PRF soft key.

❚ PRF values
Velocity scale values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. In Triplex, when you change the velocity scale in Color flow,
the Doppler mode velocity scale is also updated if Triplex is on. Velocity
scale values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you
change one of the followings: Transducer, application, or new patient

4-36
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Baseline

4
Adjust the baseline to accommodate faster or slower blood flows to
eliminate aliasing.

Imaging Modes
❚ Adjusting the baseline
Baseline adjusts the point in the spectrum where the velocity trace is at
zero. The default baseline is at the midpoint of the spectrum. To shift the
baseline, rotate the Baseline soft key.
The baseline is shown as a solid line running across the spectrum. The
baseline is raised and lowered in equal increments, depending on the
current Doppler scale factor. The control does not work when the
maximum baseline shift (in either direction) has been reached.

❚ Baseline values
The baseline values are -8 to 8.

Update (B pause)
In simultaneous mode of 2D and Doppler modes, you can pause a doppler
image and move the image to the 2D live screen by adjusting the doppler
gate.

❚ Adjusting the update

1. In 2D mode, press the PW key on the control panel.

2. Press the Update key to freeze the doppler image (2D mode remains
live).

3. Use Trackball to adjust the doppler gate.

4. Press the Update key. The doppler image is moved to the 2D mode
screen.

4-37
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Wall filter
Wall filter allows you to filter out clutter signals caused from vessel
movement.

❚ Adjusting the wall filter

To increase or decrease the wall filter, press the WF soft key and rotate
the key.

❚ Wall filter values

The wall filter values may vary depending on the transducer and
application. The values are returned to the factory or user preset value
when you change the following: Transducer, application, new patient

Angle correct
Estimate the flow velocity in a direction at an angle to the Doppler vector by
computing the angle between the Doppler vector and the flow to be
measured.

When the Doppler mode cursor and angle correct indicator are
aligned (the angle is 0), you cannot see the angle correct
NOTE indicator.

❚ Adjusting the Angle correct

Flow toward the transducer is mapped above the baseline and vice versa.
To adjust the angle relative to the transducer face, rotate the Angle
Correct soft key. The velocity scale changes when you adjust angle
correct.

❚ Angle correct values

The angle correct values are -89 to 89.

4-38
 Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) Mode

Invert

4
Vertically invert the spectral trace without affecting the baseline position.

Imaging Modes
❚ Adjusting Invert
To invert the spectral trace, press the Invert soft key. The plus (+) and
minus (-) signs on the velocity scale are reversed when the spectrum is
inverted. Positive velocities display below the baseline.

❚ Invert values
The invert values are On and Off.

Full timeline
Full timeline allows you to expand the display in full timeline.

❚ Adjusting the full timeline

To expand the display in full timeline, press the Full D soft key.

❚ Full timeline values

The full timeline values are On and Off.

4-39
 Continuous Wave Doppler (CWD) Mode

Continuous Wave Doppler (CWD) mode allows you to view the velocity and
direction of a blood flow at a certain position. As you move the doppler cursor,
images on the doppler line appear by time order. For using this feature, you need
an additional request to your local agent. It also requires phased array transducers
such as SP1-5 and SP3-8.

General workflow
To activate CWD mode,

1. Make sure that the dedicated transducer is connected to your system.

2. In 2D mode, press the CW key on the control panel.

3. To adjust the angle-to-flow correction, rotate the Angle Correct soft

key.

4. To change the sweep speed, rotate the Sweep soft key.

5. To exit CWD mode, press the CW key or the 2D key.

Image optimization controls

The image optimization controls available (except for Sample volume) in CW
mode are the same as in PW doppler mode. For more details on how to use
the soft key menus, see Image optimization controls on page 4-34.

4-40
 Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) Mode

Tissue doppler imaging (TDI) mode allows you to view the status of the

4
myocardium by measuring the velocity of the tissue movement on the doppler
image. This mode only is available for adult cardiac application.

Imaging Modes
The combination imaging modes of TDI mode
The following combination imaging modes are available:

 PW tissue doppler
 Color 2D tissue doppler
 Color M tissue doppler

General workflow
1. In Color flow mode, select TDI on the context menu.

Color 2D tissue doppler mode is activated.

2. To activate PW tissue doppler mode, press the PW key.

To activate Color M tissue doppler mode.

3. To exit TDI mode, select TDI on the context menu again.

4-41
 3D and 4D Modes

3D mode and 4D mode are optional modes that you need to request additionally. If
this mode is not available, the 4D mode light is turned off. In 3D/4D setup mode,
the region of interest (ROI) graphic appears on the image. The 3D ROI defines the
area that will be processed during 3D review and live 3D acquisition.

The following table describes functions in 3D and 4D modes.

Mode Description
3D/4D setup mode Configure the settings for 3D and 4D modes.
Reconstruct 3D image with obtained one volume
3D mode
image.
Obtain the 3D volume data on real time and rendering
4D mode
this.

Table 4-1 3D/4D mode

4-42
 3D and 4D Modes

Available features in 3D and 4D modes

4
The following features are available in 3D and 4D modes:

Imaging Modes
• Most of 2D controls

• Comment

• Zoom

• CINE (Only for 4D mode)

Measurement, Calculation, and Body pattern are not available

in 4D mode.
NOTE

4-43
 3D and 4D Modes

4D mode display
In 4D mode, your display has the following menu layout.

Figure 4-1 4D mode display

1. View type menu: MPR, Cube CT, and Multi Slice

2. Context menu
3. Soft menu

To change view type,

- Rotate the Select key to a view type and press the Select key.
- Use Trackball to move to a view type and press the Set key.

Depending on the view type, submenus for the context menu

and soft menu may differ.
NOTE

4-44
 3D and 4D Modes

Operation controls for 3D and 4D modes

4
The following table describes the key functions in 3D and 4D modes.

Imaging Modes
Key Description
 In 3D/4D setup mode, press to obtain a 3D or 4D
image.
Freeze  In 3D mode, press to switch to 3D/4D setup mode.
 In 4D mode, press to switch to 3D mode. Press again
to return to 4D mode.
In 3D or 4D mode, rotate the X axis; up and down
PW
rotation
In 3D or 4D mode, rotate the Y axis; left and right
CF
rotation
In 3D or 4D mode, rotate the Z axis; clockwise and
4D
counter-clockwise rotation.
M In 3D or 4D mode, move an image to the left or right.
Single Show a 3D image.
Dual Show one reference image and one 3D image.
Quad Show three reference images and one 3D image.
While or after acquiring the volume data, press to
change the function. The activated function is shown on
Priority
the bottom right of the display: Move, ROI, FlexibleROI,
Cursor
 Adjust the position and the size of the ROI box.
 When the Priority key is pressed, use to perform the
activated function:
- Move: Use to move the image.
Trackball - ROI: Use to adjust the clipping box size of ROI.
- FlexibleROI: Use to change the contour of the
clipping line.
- Cursor: Use to move the cursor to a desired
location.

Table 4-2 3D/4D controls

4-45
 3D and 4D Modes

Setting up for acquisition

You can optimize the image and select settings for the volume acquisition by
using the following imaging options.

Imaging option Description

Set the range of the volume sweep: 15, 30, 45, 60,
Volume Angle
75
Change the line density to adjust image quality and
acquisition time.
 Low: Low quality and fast acquisition time
 Mid: Better quality but slower acquisition time
Quality than the low quality
 High 1: Better quality but slower acquisition time
than the medium quality
 High 2: Best quality and the slowest acquisition
time
Change the display layout.
 1: One rendered volume image
 2: One rendered volume image and one slice
Tile
image
 4: One rendered volume image and three slice
images
View Direct Adjust the direction of the image view.
3D/4D Switch to 3D or 4D mode.
3D/4D Preset Show the user preset values such as face and spine.

Table 4-3 Imaging options

The imaging options are returned to their factory values when

you change the transducer.
NOTE

4-46
 3D and 4D Modes

Adjusting the region of interest (ROI)

4
You can adjust the ROI using Trackball. The 3D ROI allies to both single

Imaging Modes
sweep 3D and 4D acquisition.

To adjust the 3D ROI of the display,

1. Press the 4D key on the control panel.

2. Use Trackball to move the 3D ROI.

3. Press the Set key.

4. Use Trackball to adjust the size of the 3D ROI box.

Figure 4-2 Region of Interest (ROI)

4-47
 3D and 4D Modes

Performing 4D image scanning

In 4D mode, you can acquire real-time 4D images through an acquisition
interface.

1. Obtain a 2D image and optimize the image for the best quality.

2. Press the 4D key on the control panel. The yellow-colored ROI and soft
menus for 4D mode appear.

3. If necessary, press the 3D/4D(3D) soft key.

4. Rotate the Volume Angle soft key.

5. Rotate the Tile soft key to change the display layout.

6. Rotate the Quality soft key to adjust the image quality.

7. To change the direction of the image view, select View Direction.

8. When you are finished, press the Freeze key on the control panel to
acquire the image data.

4-48
 3D and 4D Modes

Performing 3D image scanning

4
In 3D mode, you can acquire 3D images through an acquisition interface.

Imaging Modes
1. Obtain a 2D image and optimize the image for the best quality.

2. Press the 4D key on the control panel. The green-colored ROI and soft
menus for 3D mode appear.

3. If necessary, press the 3D/4D(4D) soft key.

4. Rotate the Volume Angle soft key.

5. Rotate the Tile soft key to change the display layout.

6. To change the direction of the image view, select View Direction.

7. When you are finished, press the Freeze key on the control panel to
acquire the image data.

4-49
 3D and 4D Modes

Viewing volume data

There are three view types available: MPR, Cube CT, and Multi Slice. You
can change the view type after acquiring volume data by selecting a view
type menu.

MPR view
MPR (Multi-Planar Reformatting) shows a single volume data. The system
automatically displays the volume and MPRs during the 4D imaging volume
acquisition, after the 3D volume acquisition, or during the review of
retrieved volumes.

To acquire the volume data,

1. Press the Freeze key to acquire the volume data.

2. After you acquire the volume data, the 4D mode screen appears.

3. To magnify the volume, rotate the Zoom key on the control panel.

If the image stops while scanning an image, try acquiring the

3D volume of interest again.
NOTE

4-50
 3D and 4D Modes

4
Imaging Modes
Figure 4-3 MPR view

Defining volume of interest (VOI) and viewing planes

You can define a data to be displayed in the volume quadrant by enabling
the VOI (volume of interest) and then resizing and repositioning the VOI in
relation to the acquired volume data. The system displays the VOI in the
volume and the related view plane in each orthogonal MPR.

The view plane is the side of the VOI represented by a solid or dotted line.

A: B:
Sagittal Plane Transverse Plane

C: 3D :
Coronal Plane Volume Image

4-51
 3D and 4D Modes

Changing the view line (Clipping box line) of the VOI

To adjust the VOI size,

1. Select any quadrant.

2. Place the cursor at the end of the clipping box line. Then, the “ ” mark
appears.

3. Press the Set key on the control panel.

4. Move the view line by using Trackball.

5. When you are finished, press the Set key.

Changing the volume of a plane

You can change the volume of a plane by curving the VOI.

1. Select any quadrant.

2. Move the cursor to the dot on the center of the view line. Then, the “ ”
mark appears.

3. Press the Set key on the control panel.

4. Curve the view line by using Trackball.

5. When you are finished, press the Set key.

4-52
 3D and 4D Modes

Customizing the render settings

4
After acquiring the volume data, Render setting appears on the context
menu area. Render setting allows you to optimize the volume tissue

Imaging Modes
components.

1. Click Render Setting on the context menu.

2. Select one of the following rendering settings by using the Select key.

The following table describes the 4D imaging options that you can use in 4D
mode.
Table 4-4 4D imaging options
4D option Description
Brightness Adjust the overall brightness of volume.
Contrast Adjust the contrast.
Adjust the threshold to define structures of
Threshold
interest.
Adjust the opacity to eliminate darker gray
Opacity
shades, background noise.
Smooth Adjust the smooth to apply a low-pass filter.
3D Orient Adjust the orientation to rotate the fetus position.
The reference plane contains the focus for control
panel keys, allowing you to manipulate or
optimize that plane.
The reference plane selection appears differently
Ref. Plane according to tile of rendering setting.
When you select a single tile, the reference plane
does not appear. When you select a dual or quad
tile, the selections for the reference plane are A,
B, C.

4-53
 3D and 4D Modes

4D option Description
For better image, be familiar with the following
render settings:
 Surface: It is possible to combine the gradient
and texture shading. This is done by calculating
each weighted sum of the colors derived for
gradient and texture shading.
 Max IP: Maximum intensity projection.
Represent a 3D image in maximum intensity.
This option can be useful for observation of
bone structure.
Render  Min IP: Minimum intensity projection.
Represents a 3D image in minimum intensity.
This option can be useful for observation of
vessels or cavities in the human body.
 Light: Represent the highlight and shadow on
the surface of the image. An image area close
to viewer is shown bright; An image area
distant from the viewer is shown shaded.
 X-Ray: Represent a 3D image in average
intensity. An image is shown like an X-ray
image.
Color Map Color of volume including gray.
Change the display layout. You can also change
the display layout using the image layout keys on
the control panel.
 Single: One rendered volume image
Tile
 Dual: One rendered volume image and one slice
image
 Quad: One rendered volume image and three
slice images
View Direct Adjust the direction of the image view.
Reset
Reset the current 3D settings.
(Only for 3D mode)

4-54
 3D and 4D Modes

4D option Description

4
Quality Change the line density to adjust image quality
(Only for 4D mode) and acquisition time.

Imaging Modes
Vol. Angle
Adjust the range of the volume sweep.
(Only for 4D mode)
DR
Adjust the dynamic range.
(Only for 4D mode)

4-55
 3D and 4D Modes

Changing the visualization in acquisition volume

1. After acquiring the volume data, press the Freeze key.

2. Click MPR on the view type menu.

3. Click Render setting on the context menu.

4. Change the render settings to optimize the volume image.

Volume movie
Volume movie allows you to save and review the acquired volume data as
animated images. When you press the Freeze key, volume movie appears
on the context menu. CINE gauge bar is located on the bottom right corner.
The selected volume cine number is shown with the color bar.

Volume movie may not be available in 3D mode.

NOTE

Option Description
Play Movie Start or stop playback.
Vol. by Vol. Select CINE volumes.
Start Select the starting CINE number.
End Select the ending CINE number.
Speed Change the playback speed.
Reset Initialize the volume movie settings.

Table 4-5 Volume movie

4-56
 3D and 4D Modes

Volume review

4
When volume acquisition is paused, you can review the volume store in
CINE mode.

Imaging Modes
Option Description
Play/Stop Start or stop playback.
Rot Axis Rotate according to the selected axis centrally.
Rot Angle Rotate image according to standards of volume data.
 YoYo: Play 3D CINE images in one direction until
the end is reached and then continually to play
Play Mode them in reverse direction.
 Loop: Continue to play 3D CINE images in one
direction repeatedly.
Speed Change the playback speed.

Table 4-6 Volume review

4-57
 3D and 4D Modes

Scalpel
Scalpel allows you to electronically edit images by cutting away unwanted
structures on the ROI.

Figure 4-4 Scalpel

1. Click MPR on the view type menu.

2. Click Render setting on the context menu.

3. Select desired options in the Scalpel menu and press the Set key.

4. Edit the image by using Trackball.

5. When you are finished, press the Set key.

The following scalpel options are available:

Option Description
Cut in Structures within the contour will be discarded.
Cut out Structures outside the contour will be discarded.
Box in All information inside the box will be cut.
Box out All information outside the box will be cut.
Ref. plane Selection: A, B, C
Undo/Redo Select Undo or Redo.
Reset Select Reset to undo all.

Table 4-7 Scalpel options

4-58
 3D and 4D Modes

Cube CT

4
In Cube CT, the display shows Sagittal, Transverse, and Coronal plane

Imaging Modes
images in volume data.

Figure 4-5 Cube CT

1. Click Cube CT on the view type menu.

2. Adjust the cube size by using the following methods:

a. Using the cross lines,

(1) Select any quadrant.

(2) Place the cursor at the end of the line. Then the “ ” mark appears.

(3) Press the Set key.

(4) Adjust the volume size using Trackball.

(5) After adjusting, press the Set key.

4-59
 3D and 4D Modes

b. Using Trackball,

(1) Press the Set key.

(2) Place the cursor at the edge.

(3) Adjust the cube size using Trackball.

(4) After adjusting, press the Set key.

Figure 4-6 Adjusting the cube

 In Cube CT, the dual image layout may not be available.

 You can rotate X, Y, and Z axes with the corresponding keys
NOTE on the control panel.
 The volume review function is the same as the function in
MPR.

4-60
 3D and 4D Modes

Multi Slice

4
Multi Slice shows parallel cut planes which are aligned along the X, Y, or Z

Imaging Modes
axis of volume’s bounding box. The each texture is shown as an individual
view. The reference image is distinguished with a dotted axis line.

1. Select Multi Slice on the view type menu.

2. Adjust the multi-sliced images by using the following imaging options.

Figure 4-7 Multi Slice

The image layout keys (Single, Dual, and Quad) may not work
for this view type.
NOTE

4-61
 3D and 4D Modes

The following table describes the multi-slice options.

Option Description
Select a number of the multi-slice to be shown as
Tile
determining the layout.
Plane Select a plane type to view multi-slice images.
Change a step (pitch size) of multi-slice image.
Pitch (mm)
Set the distance of multi slice.
Move to the next or previous multi-slice image.
- Rotate the Select key clockwise for next images.
Next/Pre
- Rotate the Select key counter-clockwise for
previous images.

Table 4-8 Multi-slice options

4-62
 3D and 4D Modes

Creating presets

4
Presets contain a selection of predefined rendering parameters. Thus

Imaging Modes
desired combination of filter can be set at once. All of rendering settings
support changing the preset.

Press the Define Preset soft key. When the Volume preset editor dialog
box appears, the following options are available:

 New: Create a new preset. You can enter a new preset name.
 Rename: Change the name of an existing preset.
 Overwrite: Overwrite an existing preset with a new preset.

 Delete: Delete a preset.

You can apply the preset after acquiring volume data or

scanning a live image.
NOTE

4-63
 3D and 4D Modes

Saving a 3D/4D image

You can save 3D or 4D volume data in the system memory.

To save an image or volume data,

1. Acquire a 3D or 4D volume image.

2. Press the Print key on the control panel to save the still image.
Press the P1 key on the control panel to save the volume data.

 You can assign a different function to the P1 key in System

Preset.
NOTE  Saving a real-time image may not be available in 4D mode.

To review an image or volume data,

- Press the Review soft key and select an image. You can also click a
saved thumbnail image on the right side in 2D mode.

 After saving a video or volume data, you can configure the

render settings.
NOTE  To assign the print keys for saving an image or volume data,
press the System Preset key and go to User Setting >
Print/Foot Switch.

4-64
5 Imaging Functions
This chapter provides the following imaging
functions:

 Freezing Images

 Zooming Images

 Screen Split

 CINE Images

 Annotating Images

5-1
 Freezing Images

Condition in which 2D, M, Doppler, and Color flow image data are retained in a scan
converter’s memory for examination and/or photograph as well as for video
recording.

Freezing an image
1. While scanning an image, press the Freeze key on the control panel to
freeze the image.

You can also freeze an image with the right pedal of the footswitch, if
supported.

2. To reactivate the image, press the Freeze again.

To start CINE mode, use Trackball.

 Deactivating the Freeze key allows you to erase all

measurements including calculations from the screen (Not
NOTE from the worksheet).
 Selecting a new transducer unfreezes the image.
 To configure the each pedal of the footswitch, press the
System Preset key and go to User Setting > Print/
Foot Switch.
 To configure the Freeze key function after freezing an
image, press the System Preset key and go to System
> Control Panel > Key > Active Function on Freeze.

5-2
 Freezing Images

Processing an image

5
In Frozen mode, you can process 2D mode image. The following controls

Imaging Functions
are available:

- Zoom

- Reverse

- Gain

- Dynamic range

- Up/Down

- Colorize

- Gray map

In Frozen mode, you can process Color flow (CF) or Doppler mode image.
The following controls are available:

CF mode PD mode PWD mode CWD mode

Threshold Threshold Baseline Baseline

Baseline Color map Sweep speed Sweep speed

Invert Invert Invert

Color map Color map Color map

Gray map Gray map

Angle correct Angle correct

AutoCalc AutoCalc

Method Method

Direction Direction

Sensitivity Sensitivity

5-3
 Zooming Images

You can magnify a region of interest (ROI) in a live image or in CINE mode. The
zoom option magnifies the ROI on the display. There are two zoom functions that
you can use: Read zoom and Write zoom

Read zoom
Read zoom allows you to manipulate the negative picture and enlarge it.

To activate Read zoom, rotate the Zoom key on the control panel.

Write zoom
Writing zoom allows you to use the telephoto lens to bring the image closer
before acquiring an image. You can use Write zoom after using Read zoom.

To activate Write zoom, press the Zoom key on the control panel while
scanning a live image.

5-4
 Screen Split

Screen Split allows you to view active images as the dual display view.

5
1. Press the Dual key on the control panel.

Imaging Functions
2. To display other active images, press the Dual key again.

5-5
 CINE Images

The CINE function is available in all imaging modes. During the real-time imaging,
the system places the most recently acquired images as well as the image
currently on the screen into a CINE memory buffer.

CINE image review functions as a storage and enables you to review the sequence
of images in the system memory. CINE review is available by pressing the Freeze
key. Moving Trackball to the left or right scrolls through the CINE sequence.

Images from a CINE sequences can be measured and annotated. You can play back
CINE images to simulate a real-time motion, or review an image at one time.

CINE is useful for focusing on images during a specific part of the

heart cycle or to view short segments of a scan session.
NOTE

General workflow
To activate CINE mode,

1. Press the Freeze key on the control panel.

2. Use Trackball to scroll through the CINE sequences.

To move the CINE sequence by frame, rotate the Frame by Frame soft
key.

3. Press the Move First Frame soft key to take the first frame.

4. Press the Move Last Frame soft key to take the last frame.

5. To exit CINE mode, press the Freeze or 2D key on the control panel.

5-6
 Annotating Images

You can place text labels and arrows on an image to identify anatomical structures

5
and positions. You can also annotate an image with a body marker image that
indicates the part of the anatomy that you are scanning.

Imaging Functions
The annotation feature allows you to add text to the display by entering text
manually or by using the control on the Annotations. The annotation feature is
available in live-acquisition mode and in frozen modes.

The annotation feature allows you to add text to the display by typing labels are
initially placed in the home location, but you can move them anywhere in the
image area. You can also add an image display title, a specific type of annotation
that appears in a fixed location near the top of the screen.

General workflow
1. Press the TEXT key on the control panel to activate Annotating mode.

The system displays the General, Anatomy and Position. The highlighted
tab corresponds to the displayed Select key.

2. To configure the default position of the annotation cursor, use Trackball

to place the annotation cursor to a desired location of the image screen
and press the Set Home soft key.

3. The system automatically searches for the word you want in the text bar.

4. After activating the text mode, a vertical bar type cursor appears on the
screen. Use Trackball to move the cursor.

The default text color is yellow. The color selection can be

changed to any of the colors available on the system.
NOTE

5-7
 Annotating Images

5. When a specific comment or text group is selected, the color turns to

green. Once the comment is set or fixed, the color returns to yellow or to
the user-selected color.

6. Delete characters or the entire text, if necessary.

- To delete text by character, press the Backspace key.

- To delete text by word, press the Word Delete soft key.

- To delete all text and arrow marks, press the Clear twice, or press the
Clear All key.

7. Select Word Grab to move a group of words on the screen.

8. To deactivate Annotating mode, press the TEXT key.

Inserting directional arrows

1. Press the Arrow key on the control panel. The system displays an arrow
on the image screen. The green-colored pointer indicates that it is active
and movable.

2. Use Trackball to move the pointer to a desired position of the screen.

The pointer head direction can be controlled as you move Trackball.

3. To readjust the length and thickness of the pointer, use the Arrow Size
or Arrow Type soft key.

Changing the pointer size may not be available.

NOTE

4. Press the Set key to fix the place of the pointer and the direction of the
pointer head. The GREEN color turns to YELLOW (or the default color if
changed).

5. To delete the arrow marks, press the Clear or Clear All key.

5-8
 Annotating Images

Annotating images using the library

5
To reduce the amount of time spent annotating an image, store

Imaging Functions
frequently-used comments in the text library. As many as 11 libraries are
available per study. One of the selected libraries is designated as the default
and its entries shall be displayed on the top/sub menu when the comment
mode is activated for that study.

1. Press the TEXT key.

2. Select a comment in the text library menu.

Annotating images with typed words

1. Press the TEXT key.

2. Enter text to add comments.

3. To place the comment cursor to another location, use Trackball.

4. Press the Enter key to move to the next line and continue entering the
text.

Moving text
You can move the entered text to a desired place.

1. Place the cursor on the desired text or text group and press the Set key.

The selected text color turns to green.

2. Press the Word Grab soft key.

3. Use Trackball to move the selected text.

4. When you are finished, press the Set key to fix the location.

5-9
 Annotating Images

Editing a comment
1. Use the Backspace key over any error(s) made. Blank spaces take the
place of the letter(s) that were there. Continue typing the comment after
backspacing over all incorrect letters.

2. To delete the previous character(s):

- Press the Backspace key as many as you need to delete characters.

- Once all text within the selected text group is deleted, the cursor will
find another text group to delete to the upper left direction.

- If there is no text to delete, the cursor will be located at the home

position.

3. To move through the text at a time,

- Press the Select key to move to the right by text group.

4. To increase or decrease the area of the highlighted selection, use the

HIGHLIGHT rotary.

5. Press the Word Grab key to highlight the selected comment.

5-10
 Annotating Images

Body pattern

5
Body patterns are small graphic images represent the anatomy being examined.

Imaging Functions
Using Body Patterns, the user can indicate the position of the transducer during the
examination.

Figure 5-1 Body pattern

5-11
 Annotating Images

Inserting a body pattern

1. To activate body patterns, press the Body Pattern key on the control
panel.

The Body Patterns menu is displayed showing a selection of Body

Patterns relative to the selected preset category.

2. To change the body pattern, press the Select key. Continue with step 3.

3. Move Trackball to a desired body pattern and press the Set key.

The body pattern with a transducer marker is shown on the scanning

screen.

4. Select a desired body pattern on the context menu.

The selected body pattern appears on the display.

5. Use Trackball to adjust the position of the transducer marker.

6. Rotate the Select key to adjust the transducer marker orientation and
press the Set key.

Deleting a body pattern

Press the Clear All key.

5-12
 Managing Patient 
6 Information and Image
This chapter describes how to capture images. It
includes these topics:

 Clipboard

 Patient Browser

 DICOM Spooler

 Printer

 DVR

6-1
 Clipboard

The clipboard shows captured ultrasound images for a quick review. Pressing the
Print key captures an active image and displays a preview image on the clipboard.
When reloading the previous study, the images belong to that study are shown on
the clipboard.

Capturing onto the clipboard

Press the Print key to capture images onto the clipboard. You can see
thumbnail images on the clipboard.

The Print key is programmable. You can assign the Print, P1,
and P2 key functions in User Setting > Print/Foot Switch.
NOTE

Reloading images from the clipboard

1. Press the Cursor key to obtain the cursor.

2. Move the cursor over the image you want to reload by using Trackball
and press the Set key.

3. Press the Set key to reload the selected image on the full screen image.

You can also double-click a thumbnail image to reload an image. To scroll

the page, click the arrow mark of the scroll bar to move up and down.

6-2
 Clipboard

Deleting images from the clipboard

6
Managing Patient Information and Image
1. Press the Cursor key to obtain the cursor.

2. Move the cursor over the image you want to delete by using Trackball
and press the Set key.

3. Click the trash can icon ( ) on the bottom right.

4. When the confirmation dialog appears, click Yes to delete the image.

Saving images permanently

1. Press the E-view key on the control panel. The images on the clipboard
appear expanded.

2. Use Trackball to select an image or multiple images and press the Set
key.

To select all images, select Select All. To select inverse images, select
Select Inverse.

3. Press the Archive soft key to save the image(s).

6-3
 Clipboard

Indices
 The number on the top left corner denotes the consecutive order for
saving.

 Film symbol on the bottom right side denotes the CINE loop that is
possible to post processing.

 On the top of the clipboard, the clipboard indicators show the total
capacity and number of images.

 To delete the selected thumbnail image, click the trash can icon ( ) on
the bottom right.

 To change the clipboard window layout, click the single layout icon ( )

or dual layout icon ( ) on the bottom right.

6-4
 Patient Browser

The system provides a patient browser that allows fast and easy image

6
management. Patient Browser allows you to view the whole patient from local

Managing Patient Information and Image

database or removable media, export/import, save as with PC friendly format and
send DICOM images to remote server over the network.

Figure 6-1 Patient browser

1. Menu selection

2. Function selection

3. Search area

4. Source drop-down list

5. List view (switch to Image view)

6. Image area

7. Layout selection

8. Select All/Unselect All

9. Memory capacity indicator (local HDD/removable media)

6-5
 Patient Browser

List view
List view allows you to search and quick view for patients and studies from
the local hard disk drive (HDD) or a removable media.

1. Select a source from the Source drop-down list.

2. To search patients by using the searching filter, select a search method

from the Search drop-down list. Or, you can manually enter a keyword in
the search area.

3. Select a desired patient from the list.

4. Use the following options:

 Image View: View the saved images for the selected patient.

 Export: Export the patient information.

 Save As: Save the patient information a different file format. The
supported file formats are JPEG, BMP, DCM, and WMV.

 Send: Send the saved images through the network.

6-6
 Patient Browser

Image view

6
Managing Patient Information and Image
Image view allows you to view the selected patient from list view. You can
change the display layout.

Figure 6-2 Image view

6-7
 Patient Browser

Save as
Save as allows you to save images or studies from your PC to a removable
media. Before saving, make sure that the removable media is in the
appropriate tray.

1. Select images or studies by using the Cursor key.

In List view, you can select single patient or study.

NOTE

2. Select Save As on the context menu. The dialog box appears.

3. Select a media from the Device field.

4. The system automatically creates a file name. To change the file name,
enter a file name.

6-8
 Patient Browser

5. Select an image format in the Type field.

6
To save CINE images as a video file, skip to step 8.

Managing Patient Information and Image

Format Function

DCM Save a still image as standard DICOM format.

BMP Save a still image as BMP format.

Save a still image as JPEG format.

JPEG
It is possible to specify compression type and quality.

Table 6-1 Image format

To view a DICOM format image on your PC, you need a

dedicated DICOM viewer.
NOTE

6. Select a compression type in the Compression field.

7. If you selected JPEG in step 7, select an image quality in the Quality

field.

8. Select a video file format.

 2D Cine(*WMV): Save 2D CINE images as WMV format.

 4D Volume Cine(*AVI): Save 4D volume CINE images as AVI format.

9. When you are finished, click Save.

6-9
 Patient Browser

Import/Export
To move patient(s) between compatible systems or to back up and retrieve,
use Import and Export menu.

 Do not use the USB HDD or USB drive for exporting. Only use
CD-R, CD ROMs, and DVD-R DVD.
NOTE  Make sure that your media is appropriate for exporting or
importing images. If any problem occurs, eject the media
and retry the task.

To export from the local HDD to a removable media,

1. Select Local HDD from Source drop-down list.

2. Select patient(s) from the patient list.

3. Insert blank media on the tray.

4. Click Export.

5. When the export dialog box appears, you can use the following options:

 Finalization of CD/DVD: Finalize the CD or DVD to prevent from

further writing.

 Verification after CD burning: Verify your patient data in a CD or

DVD after burning the CD or DVD.

 Generate DICOMDIR file when export: Save the patient data as

DICOMDIR file.

6-10
 Patient Browser

To import from a removable media to the local HDD,

6
1. Place a CD or DVD that contains patient data.

Managing Patient Information and Image

2. Select Removable Media from the Source drop-down list.

3. Select patient(s) from the patient list.

4. Click Import. The progress bar appears while importing files.

5. To eject the removable media, press the Eject key on the QWERTY
keyboard.

6-11
 DICOM Spooler

DICOM spooler displays all DICOM transfers which have been sent or which have
been failed.

Press the Spooler key on the control panel to enter the DICOM spooler. You can
control or monitor DICOM jobs. From the DICOM spooler, you can retry, delete, or
redirect job.

Job status Description

Hold Job process is on hold.

Job is currently sending and the system is waiting for the

Pending
server’s response.

Active Job is in progress.

Failed Job is failed to send.

Done Job is sent successfully.

Table 6-2 DICOM job status

When your system is connected to an MPPS* service, the following job

status is available: In progress, Completed
NOTE *Modality
Performed Procedure Step (MPPS) is a DICOM service that
enables you to notify the status information of a study to PACS.

6-12
 DICOM Spooler

Spooler options

6
Managing Patient Information and Image
On the DICOM spooler, you can use the following options:

 Select All: Select all jobs in the DICOM spooler.

 Retry: Retry sending the selected job.

 Delete: Quit the selected job.

 Suspend: Suspend the selected job.

 Refresh: Refresh the spooler. The completed jobs are deleted from the
spooler.

 Cancel: Exit the DICOM spooler.

6-13
 Printer

Connecting to a printer via USB connection

1. When the system power is off, connect a USB cable of the printer to the
USB port at the rear of the system.

2. Press the Power On/Off key on the control panel.

Do not disconnect the USB cable when the system power is

on.
NOTE

3. If necessary, install the printer driver.

Only recommended printer drivers are installed as default.

Refer to your printer manual for installation.
NOTE

4. Set the print as default printer via System Preset > System >
Peripheral.

5. To assign one of the print keys to printer via System Preset > User
Setting > Print/Foot Switch.

6. From the printer list under Standard Printer, select a print to be

assigned on the print key and click >> to add the printer device.

 Before powering on the system, connect the printer via

the USB cable and turn the printer power on.
 When you select “Cleanup Spooler jobs during boot up,”
CAUTION
all jobs in queue will be deleted whenever system reboots.

6-14
 Printer

Printing a report

6
Managing Patient Information and Image
1. Press the System Preset key and go to System > Peripheral >
Default Printer.

2. Select a printer from the printer list.

3. Click Save and Exit.

4. Click Print on the report screen.

6-15
 DVR

Selecting a DVR
To select the DVR,

1. Make sure that a DVR is connected to the system when the system power
is off.

2. Press the System Preset key and go to System > Peripheral.

3. Select a DVR recorder from the list.

4. Click Save and Exit.

Using the DVR

Press the DVR key on the control panel. The soft menus for the DVR
controls appear.

Before recording, make sure that the DVR power is on and the
media is played in the tray.
NOTE

To record an image,

1. Insert a media into the recorder.

2. Press the REC soft key to start recording.

3. To pause recording, press the PAUSE soft key.

4. To resume recording, press the REC soft key again.

5. When you are finished, press the STOP soft key.

You can also record an image by using the footswitch or the

Print key on the control panel. To configure, press the System
NOTE Preset key and go to User Setting > Print/Foot Switch.

6-16
 Measurements 
7 and Reports
This chapter provides the following measurements and report
functions:

 Basics  Urology

 Abdomen  Pediatrics

 Obstetrics  Small Parts

 Gynecology  Breast

 Cardiology  Musculoskeletal (MSK)

 Vascular  Emergency Medicine (EM)

7-1
 Basics

Basic measurement operations

To begin the measurement,

1. On the control panel, press the Measure key.

2. Use Trackball to move the point.

3. Press the Set key to fix the point.

To modify a measurement,

1. Click the result value you want to change from the Result window. The
caliper is activated.

2. Use Trackball to change the measurement value and press the Set key.

- To switch the caliper mark of the current value, press the Measure key
when the caliper is active.

- To activate the caliper of another value, press the Priority key

repeatedly until the desired value is highlighted.

To delete a measurement,

1. Click the result value you want to delete from the Result window. The
caliper is activated.

2. Press the Clear key on the control panel.


To change a measurement preset, click the measurement preset you want
to change.

To exit, press the Exit or 2D key on the control panel.

7-2
 Basics

Measurement menu display

7
Measurements and Reports
2

Figure 7-1 Measurement menu display

1. Basic measurement: The basic measurement menus appear on the

soft key menu. Displaying the list of basic measurement depends on an
active preset and imaging mode.

To configure the basic measurements, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS.
NOTE

7-3
 Basics

2. Labeled measurement: Labeled measurement menus appear on the

context menu. Displaying the list of labeled measurement depends on an
active preset and imaging mode.

➀ Performed measurement
➁ Pre-selected measurement
➂ Package measurement

 The result for basic measurement is shown on the Result

window (not on the Mini report and Report pages).
NOTE  The result for labeled measurement is shown on the
Result window, Mini report page, and Report page.
 After performing basic measurement, you can assign the
measurement data to the Labeled measurement
menu.
 To configure the labeled measurements, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS.

7-4
 Basics

Direct key

7
With the Direct key feature, you can quickly access measurement menus by
simply pressing alphanumeric keys on the QWERTY keyboard. There are

Measurements and Reports

total of 16 available keys: A, S, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, Z, Y, C, V, B, N, M

1. Press the Measure key on the control panel.

2. From the Labeled measurement menu, press an alphanumeric key to

access the menu you want. You can see the corresponding direct key on
the right side of the menu.

3. Repeat step 2 until the desired menu appears.

7-5
 Basics

Measurement result window

The Result window displays the measurement result. You can change the
window status by selecting one of the following icons:

Icon Description
Change the background type (e.g. transparent or opaque) of
the Result window.

Change the position of the Result window.

View the mini report.

Table 7-1 Measurement result window

7-6
 Basics

Basic measurement unit

7
Mode Measurement Unit Abbreviation

Measurements and Reports

Distance centimeters cm
Area centimeters2 cm2
Circumference centimeters cm
2D mode Angle degree deg
%Stenosis percent %
Volume milliliter ml
Disk Volume milliliter ml
Distance centimeters cm
Time milliseconds ms
M mode Slope centimeters per second cm/s
%Stenosis percent %
HR beats per minute bpm

Velocity centimeters per second cm/s

PG millimeters mercury mmHg
Time millisecond ms
D mode VTI centimeters cm
Acceleration centimeters per second2 cm/s2
HR beats per minute bpm
Volume Flow Volume liter per minute l/min

Table 7-2 Basic measurement unit

7-7
 Basics

Measurement formula

Mode Measurement Method Formula

Circumference Ellipse D12  D 2 2

C  2 
2

Area Ellipse A= π(D1)(D2)/4

%Steno=
2 Diameter (1- min(D1,D2)/max(D1,D2))X100
%Stenosis
2 Area %Steno= 
(1- min(A1,A2)/max(A1,A2)X100
2D
1 Distance V= πD13/6
2 Distance
V= D1X D2Xmin(D1, D2)Xπ/6
3 Distance
Volume V= πD1XD2XD3/6
Ellipse
Distance + V= D1XD2Xmin(D1, D2)Xπ/6
Ellipse V= πD1XD2XD3/6

20
 2 D
Disk Volume V   lm  ( )
m1 4 20
Slope S= (D1-D2)/∆T
M
HR HR= Cycle number/∆T*60
Acceleration Accel= (V1-V2)/∆T
PI PI= (PS-ED)/Vmean
RI RI= (PS-ED)/PS
HR HR= Cycle number/∆T*60
Vol. Flow=AXTAmax (or TAmean)X60/
D Distance
1000 (A=π/4XD2)

Vol. Flow=AXTAmax (or TAmean)X60/

Volume Flow Ellipse
1000 (A=π/4XD1XD2)
Vol. Flow=AXTAmax (or TAmean)X60/
Trace
1000

Table 7-3 Measurement formula

7-8
 Basics

Basic measurements

7
The basic measurements are available in the following imaging modes:

Measurements and Reports

 2D mode

 M mode

 Doppler mode

2D mode measurements
The basic 2D mode measurements include the following measurement
parameters:

 Tissue depth

 Distance

 Circumference and area

 Angle

 Volume

 Stenosis

 Ratios

 Histogram

7-9
 Basics

❚ Tissue depth
Selecting this option in the system preset enables depth to be automatically
measured when the first measurement marker appears on the image.

The Result window shows the distance from a point on the transducer-skin
interface to the marker until the first marker is anchored.

To configure the tissue depth, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > General > Tissue Depth
NOTE display(2D,M).

❚ Distance

 1 Distance

 3 Lengths

 Trace Length

Measurement error is within 5% of the distance you measured

for all transducers.
NOTE

1 Distance

1. Press the Distance soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. Press the Set key to fix the point. The end point, overlapping the start
point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point, and press the
Set key.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the distance (D) is shown on the
Result window.

7-10
 Basics

3 Lengths

7
1. Press the Distance soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Draw three straight lines using Trackball, and press the Set key.

3. Move the forth point, and then press the Set key.

4. The measured value is fixed, and three distances (D1, D2, D3) are
shown on the Result window.

Trace Length

1. Press the Distance soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Move the end point gradually along the circumference of the target
object using Trackball.

4. Press the Set key. The end point appears.

5. When the start point and the end point are connected with a line,
press the Set key to complete the measurement.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the distance (D) is shown on the
Result window.

To configure the distance, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > Distance >
NOTE Default method.

7-11
 Basics

❚ Circumference and Area

 Ellipse

 Trace

 Spline

Ellipse

1. Press the Ellipse soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key. The ellipse appears.

4. Use Trackball to adjust the height of the ellipse, and press the Set
key again.

- To increase the height, move Trackball up and right.

- To decrease the height, move Trackball down and left.

5. The measured value is fixed. The two diameters (D1, D2), the
circumference (C), and the area (A) are shown on the Result window.

7-12
 Basics

Trace

7
1. Press the Trace soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the end point gradually along the

circumference of the target object.

4. When the start point and the end point are connected with a line,
press the Set key to complete the measurement.

5. The measured value is fixed. The circumference (C) and the area (A)
are shown on the Result window.

Spline

1. Press the Spline soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The second point appears.

3. Set the third and subsequent points in the same way.

4. Press the Set key twice at the same point to fix the end point.

5. The measured value is fixed. The circumference (C) and area (A) are
shown on the Result window.

7-13
 Basics

❚ Angle

 Angle 3 Points

 Angle 2 Lines

 Angle 3 Lines

Angle 3 Points

1. Press the Angle soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point.

4. Press the Set key. The third point appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the third point to the end point of the angle
measurement.

6. Press the Set key. The angle between the two lines appears.

7. The angle (Angle) is shown on the Result window.

7-14
 Basics

Angle 3 Lines

7
1. Press the Angle soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point.

4. Draw the baseline, and press the Set key to fix the baseline.

The third point appears.

5. Draw two straight lines to cross the baseline as the same way. The α
angle and β angle appear.

6. Press the Set key at the end point to fix the measured value.

The two angles (Alpha, Beta) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the angle, press the System Preset key and

go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > Angle > Default
NOTE method.

7-15
 Basics

❚ %Stenosis

 2 Distances

 2 Ellipses

 2 Traces

 Trace + Ellipse

 Ellipse + Trace

Two diameters percent stenosis calculation

1. Press the %Stenosis soft key. The start point appears.

2. Measure the larger diameter (D1) of the stenosis using Trackball,

and press the Set key.

3. Measure the smaller diameter (D2) of the stenosis using Trackball,

and press the Set key.

4. The two diameters (D1, D2) and the diameter percent stenosis
(%Steno(Diam)) are shown on the Result window.

7-16
 Basics

Two ellipses percent stenosis calculation

7
1. Press the %Stenosis soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Measure the outer area (A1) of the stenosis using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

3. Measure the inner area (A2) of the stenosis using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

4. The two ellipses (A1, A2) and the diameter percent stenosis
(%Steno(Area)) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the %Stenosis, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > %Stenosis
NOTE > Default method.

7-17
 Basics

❚ Volume

 1 Distance

 2 Distances

 3 Distances

 Ellipse

 Distance + Ellipse

3 Distance volume

1. Press the Volume soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

4. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When the three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed. The three distances (D1, D2, D3) and
the volume (Vol) are shown on the Result window.

When you measure one distance (D1) and press the Clear
key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown on the
NOTE Result window. For the volume of two distance (D2),
measure one and two distances (D1, D2) and press the
Clear key.

7-18
 Basics

Ellipse

7
1. Press the Volume soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point and press the
Set key. The ellipse appears.

4. Use Trackball to adjust the height of the ellipse, and press the Set
key again.

- To increase the height, move Trackball up and right.

- To decrease the height, move Trackball down and left.

5. The measured value is fixed. The two distances (D1, D2) and the
volume (Vol) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the volume, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > Volume >
NOTE Default method.

7-19
 Basics

❚ Disk Volume

 Trace

 Spline

Trace

1. Press the Disk Volume soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to create a trace of the structure with the second point.

4. Press the Set key to complete the trace.

The start and end points of the trace are connected, and a line
representing the long axis appears.

5. Press the Set key again. The volume is calculated.

6. The area (A), the circumference (C), the diameter (D), and the
volume (Vol) are shown on the Result window.

7-20
 Basics

Spline

7
1. Press the Disk Volume soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key. The second point appears.

3. Set the third and subsequent points in the same manner.

4. Press the Set key twice to complete the trace.

The start and end points of the trace are connected, and a line
representing the long axis appears.

5. Press the Set key again. The volume is calculated.

6. The area (A), the circumference (C), the diameter (D), and the
volume (Vol) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the disk volume, press the System Preset

key and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > Disk
NOTE Volume > Default method.

7-21
 Basics

❚ A/B Ratio

 2 Distances

 2 Ellipses

 2 Traces

 Ellipse + Trace

 Trace + Ellipse

Two diameters ratio

1. Press the A/B Ratio soft key. The start point appears.

2. Measure the first diameter (D1) of the ratio using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

3. Measure the second diameter (D2) of the ratio using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two distances (D1, D2) and A/B ratio (A/
B Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

Two ellipses ratio

1. Press the A/B Ratio soft key. The start point appears.

2. Measure the first area (A1) of the ratio using Trackball, and press
the Set key.

3. Measure the second area (A2) of the ratio using Trackball, and press
the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two ellipses (A1, A2) and A/B ratio (A/B
Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the A/B ratio, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > A/B Ratio >
NOTE Default method.

7-22
 Basics

Histogram

7
1. Press the Histogram soft key.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the caliper to the corner of the area where you
want to measure histogram.

3. Press the Set key.

4. Use Trackball to move the caliper diagonally to the opposite side of

the area.

5. Press the Set key. The measured value is shown in the Result
window.

6. To view the histogram, go to the Histogram window.

To configure the histogram, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > Histogram.
NOTE

Do not change the gain control of the 2D image after

performing the histogram measurement. Your change may
CAUTION not be applied on the histogram.

7-23
 Basics

M mode measurements
The basic M mode measurements include the following measurement
parameters:

 Distance

 Time

 Slope

 Stenosis

 Heart rate

 Ratios

❚ Distance

 1 Distance

 3 Lengths

1 Distance

1. Press the Distance soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The measured value is fixed, and the distance (D) is shown on the
Result window.

7-24
 Basics

3 Lengths

7
1. Press the Distance soft key. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Draw three straight lines using Trackball, and press the Set key.

3. Move the fourth point and press the Set key.

4. The measurement value is fixed, and three distances (D1, D2, D3)
are shown on the Result window.

To configure the distance, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > Distance >
NOTE Default method.

❚ Time
1. Press the Time soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears. The time (T) is
shown on the Result window.

7-25
 Basics

❚ Slope
1. Press the Slope soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The oblique line is displayed, and the slope is calculated. The distance
(D), time (T) and slope (Slope) are shown on the Result window.

❚ %Stenosis

Two diameters percent stenosis calculation

1. Press the %Stenosis soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the larger vertical diameter (D1) of the stenosis using

Trackball, and press the Set key.

3. Measure the smaller vertical diameter (D2) of the stenosis using

Trackball, and press the Set key.

4. The diameters (D1, D2) and the diameter percent stenosis

(%Steno(Diam)) are shown on the Result window.

For diameter calculation, do not take a distance

measurement from a longitudinal view. This may lead to
NOTE an inaccurate assessment of %stenosis.

7-26
 Basics

❚ A/B Ratio

7
 Distance

Measurements and Reports

 Time

Distance ratio

1. Press the A/B Ratio soft key. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first vertical diameter (D1) of the ratio using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

3. Measure the second vertical diameter (D2) of the ratio using

Trackball, and press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two distances (D1, D2) and A/B ratio
(Distance Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

7-27
 Basics

Time ratio

1. Press the A/B Ratio soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first vertical diameter (T1) of the ratio using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

3. Measure the second vertical diameter (T2) of the ratio using

Trackball, and press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two distances (T1, T2) and A/B ratio
(Time Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the A/B ratio, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > A/B Ratio >
NOTE Default method.

7-28
 Basics

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

7
1. Press the HR soft key.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the HR cycle, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS. > HR
NOTE cycle.

7-29
 Basics

D mode measurements
The basic D mode measurements include the following measurement
parameters:

 Velocity

 Time

 Acceleration

 Resistivity Index

 Pulsatility Index

 VTI

 Heart Rate

 Ratios

 Auto/Manual Cals.

❚ Velocity
1. Press the Velocity soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed. The velocity (Vel) and pressure gradient
(PG) are shown on the Result window.

7-30
 Basics

❚ Time

7
1. Press the Time soft key.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears. The velocity (Vel)
and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

❚ Acceleration
1. Press the Acceleration soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The oblique line is displayed, and the acceleration is calculated. The

acceleration (Accel), the acceleration time (AT), and maximum
velocity (Vmax) are shown on the Result window.

7-31
 Basics

❚ Resistivity Index (RI)

1. Press the RI soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point and press the Set key again.

4. The end point is fixed, and the resistive index is calculated. The peak
systolic velocity (PS), end diastolic velocity (ED), and resistivity index
(RI) are shown on the Result window.

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

1. Press the PI soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Move the marker to the start point of the waveform using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform, and press the Set
key.

4. The pulsatility index is calculated.

5. The peak systolic velocity (PS), end diastolic velocity (ED), minimum
diastolic velocity (MD), the maximum time-average velocity
(TAmax), the resistivity index (RI), the pulsatility index (PI), and
systole/diastole ratio (S/D Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

7-32
 Basics

❚ Velocity-Time Integral (VTI)

7
1. Press the VTI soft key.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Move the marker to the start point of the waveform using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace one cycle of the waveform, and press the Set
key.

4. The velocity-time integral is calculated. The minimum, maximum,

mean velocities (Vmin, Vmax, Vmean) and maximum and mean
pressure gradients (PGmax, PGmean) are shown on the Result
window.

❚ A/B Ratio

 Velocity

 Time

Velocity ratio

1. Press the A/B Ratio soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first point (V1) of the ratio using Trackball, and press
the Set key.

3. Measure the second point (V2) of the ratio using Trackball, and press
the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (V1, V2) and A/B ratio
(Velocity Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

7-33
 Basics

Time ratio

1. Press the A/B Ratio soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first time interval (T1) of the ratio using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

3. Measure the second time interval (T2) of the ratio using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two time values (T1, T2) and A/B ratio
(Time Ratio) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the A/B ratio, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Basic MEAS. > A/B Ratio >
NOTE Default method.

❚ AC/DC
1. Press the AC/DC soft key.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first oblique line (Accel) of the slope using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

3. Measure the second oblique line (Decel) of the slope using Trackball,
and press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The acceleration index (Accel), the

acceleration time (AT), the deceleration index (Decel), and
deceleration time (DT) are shown on the Result window.

7-34
 Basics

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

7
1. Press the HR soft key.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS.
NOTE > HR cycle.

7-35
 Basics

❚ Auto/Manual calculations
Auto trace

Manual trace

Auto trace

1. In PW mode, select Auto Calc on the context menu.

2. Select Frozen or Live.

3. If you select Live, the caliper and waveform trace automatically

appear.

If you select Frozen, press the Set key to show the caliper and the
waveform trace.

4. The calculated value is shown on the Result window.

To configure the auto trace options, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS.
NOTE > Modify Calc > Auto Trace.

7-36
 Basics

Auto trace options

7
 Method: Select a trace method for Doppler spectrum.

Measurements and Reports

 Direction: Select a trace direction for Doppler spectrum.

 To configure the auto trace options, press the Image

Preset key and go to General.
NOTE  To measure the maximum velocity, select Below or
Above for the trace direction.
 To edit the trace, use Trackball.

Figure 7-2 Doppler

7-37
 Basics

Manual trace

1. Press the Trace soft key. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace one cycle of the waveform, and press the Set
key.

4. The measured value is calculated.

To configure the manual trace, press the System Preset

key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS. >
NOTE Modify Calc > Manual Trace.

7-38
 Basics

❚ Volume Flow

7
 Distance + TAmax

Measurements and Reports

 Distance + TAmean

 Ellipse + TAmax

 Ellipse + TAmean

 Trace + TAmax

 Trace + TAmean

1. In simultaneous mode of 2D and PW modes, scan an image.

2. Press the Freeze key to freeze the image.

3. Use Trackball to scroll through the section that you want to trace.

4. Press the Measure key.

5. In PW mode, press the Vol. Flow soft key.

The 2D mode screen appears.

6. Use Trackball to move the marker to the first point, and press the
Set key.

7. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point, and press the
Set key.

8. When the 2D mode measurement is completed, the system moves to

the PW mode screen and shows a vertical bar.

9. Use Trackball to set the first point of the trace, and press the Set
key. Another vertical bar appears.

10.Use Trackball to set the end point of the trace, and press the Set
key.

11.The measured value is calculated and the volume flow is shown on the
Result screen.

7-39
 Basics

Report operations

Viewing a report
1. Press the Report key on the control panel. You can also select Report on
the context menu.

2. To view a report by application or measurement mode, select an

application or a mode from the corresponding list or field on the top left
of the display.

To view a report in a particular mode, select a mode (2D, M,

or PW) in the context menu. To view a report for more than
NOTE one mode, select All.

3. When a report appears on the display, view the report information.

4. To view the next page of the report, press the Select Page soft key.

5. To exit the report, press the Report or 2D key on the control panel. You
can also select Exit on the context menu.

Editing a report
To change the report data,

1. Move the cursor to the field that you want to change.

2. Press the Set key. The field is highlighted.

3. Enter a new data. You can enter data in the blank field.

The entered data is changed to green and changed data is shown with an
asterisk mark.

7-40
 Basics

To erase measurement results,

7
1. Move the cursor to the field that you want to erase. The field is
highlighted.

Measurements and Reports

2. Press the Delete Value soft key to delete the data.

To exclude or include measurement results,

1. Move the cursor to the field that you want to exclude. The field is
highlighted.

2. Press the Exclude Value soft key to exclude the data. The excluded data
is displayed in white.

3. Press the Exclude Value soft key again to include a value that you
previously excluded.

To change the value type,

1. Move the cursor to the Method column.

2. Press the Set key.

3. Select a value type of the measurement from the drop-down list (Last,
Average, Maximum, and Minimum).

7-41
 Basics

Adding a comment
1. Press the Comment soft key.

You can view comments in the Summary Statements screen and

Comment screen.

2. On the Summary Statements screen, enter text by using the QWERTY

keyboard.

3. To exit the comment, click OK or press the Comment soft key.

On the Patient Registration screen, you can edit text in the

Comments field.
NOTE

Printing a report
 Press the Print soft key to print a report via standard printer.

 Press the Print, P1, or P2 key on the control panel to capture the report
screen.

 To configure a standard printer, press the System Preset

key and go to System > Peripheral > Standard Printer.
NOTE  The supported paper size for report is A4 only.

7-42
 Basics

Transferring a measured data

7
You can transfer a measured data via the RS232C port. This function is only
available for OB and GYN reports, and anatomical survey.

Measurements and Reports

1. Press the System Preset key and go to System > Peripheral >
RS232C > COM > Transfer Measurement.

2. From the Report screen, select Transfer on the context menu.

When the data is being transferred, the progress bar indicating the
transfer appears on the display.

Measurement accuracy
The measurement values should always be accurate according to measuring
caliper and point.

Despite the high technical accuracy of the scan geometry and the
measuring system of the E-CUBE 9 expert equipment, one must, however,
be aware of inaccuracies caused by the ultrasound beam properties and the
physiological properties of the scanned structures, tissues and fluids.

For the reason of improved lateral resolution you should choose the proper
scan head for the depth range of the structure to be measured.

7-43
 Basics

Mode Measurement Accuracy

Depth ±5% or 1mm
Distance
Axial ±5% or 1mm
Lateral (Linear) ±5% or 2mm
Lateral (Convex) ±5% or 4mm
Lateral (Sector) ±5% or 4mm

2D Circumference
Ellipse ±5% or 1mm
Trace ±10% or 1mm

Area
2 Distance ±5% or 1mm2
Ellipse ±5% or 1mm2
Trace ±5% or 1mm2
Time ±5% or 10ms
M
Slope ±5% or 1mm/s
Velocity
0~100 cm/s ±10% or 1cm/s
100~130 cm/s ±5% or 1cm/s
Time ±5% or 10ms
D
Doppler SV Position ±2mm
Doppler Angle Correction
0~60deg ±5%
60~80deg ±12%
CF Velocity ±50%

Table 7-4 Measurement accuracy

7-44
 Basics

Calculation accuracy

7
Estimate the overall inaccuracy of a combined measurement and calculation
by including the stated inaccuracy from the basic measurement accuracy

Measurements and Reports

statements.

Calculation formulas and databases are provided as a tool to assist the user,
but should not be considered an undisputed database, in making a clinical
diagnosis. The user is encouraged to research the literature and judge the
equipment capabilities on an ongoing basis in order to asses its utility as a
clinical tool.

7-45
 Abdomen

Measurements and calculations

Abdomen measurement preset

 Abdomen

 Renal

To select a measurement preset,

1. Click the measurement preset on the context menu.

2. Select Abdomen or Renal from the measurement preset list.

2D mode measurements
These measurements display in the context menu and the abdomen report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description
AO Aorta Diameter
Renal L Renal Length
Renal Renal Volume
Renal L Renal Length
Renal H Renal Height
Renal W Renal Width
Renal Vol Renal Volume

Table 7-5 2D mode measurement

To configure the 2D mode measurement, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. >
NOTE Abdomen > 2D > Default Measurement.

7-46
 Abdomen

❚ Aorta Diameter

7
1. Select AO on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the aorta diameter (AO) is shown on
the Result window.

❚ Renal Length
1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select Renal L. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

4. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

6. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7. The measured value is fixed, and the renal length (Rt or Lt Renal) is
shown on the Result window.

7-47
 Abdomen

❚ Renal Volume (1)

You can measure the length, width, and height for the left and right
renal. Each measurement is a typical distance measurement made in
appropriate scan plane.

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Renal folder, and then select Renal L, Renal H, or Renal
W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurement is completed, the

renal volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the renal volume (Rt or Lt Renal
Vol) is shown on the Result window.

7-48
 Abdomen

❚ Renal Volume (2)

7
1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select Renal Vol. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

5. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the renal volume (Rt or Lt Renal
Vol) is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2) and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the renal volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Abdomen > Renal Vol > Edit
Page.

7-49
 Abdomen

M mode measurements
These measurements display in the context menu and the abdomen report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description
HR Heart Rate

Table 7-6 M mode measurement

To configure the M mode measurement, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. >
NOTE Abdomen > M > Default Measurement.

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS.
NOTE > HR cycle.

7-50
 Abdomen

D mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the abdomen

Measurements and Reports

report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description
AO Aorta
Renal A Renal Artery
Renal V Renal Vein
Hepatic A Hepatic Artery
IVC Inferior Vena Cava
Hepatic V Hepatic Vein
Mid HV Middle Hepatic Vein
MPV Main Portal Vein
PV Portal Vein
Splenic A Splenic Artery
Splenic V Splenic Vein
SMA Superior Mesenteric Artery
SMV Superior Mesenteric Vein
IMA Inferior Mesenteric Artery
Iliac A Iliac Artery
Iliac V Iliac Vein
Ves Vessel
HR Heart Rate

Table 7-6 D mode measurement

To configure the Doppler mode measurement, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Abdomen > Doppler > Default Measurement.

7-51
 Abdomen

To select a package measurement,

1. Select a package measurement folder.

2. Select a desired measurement from the measurement list.

In each package measurement for Doppler mode, you can use the following
measurements.

 Peak Systole (PS)

 End Diastole (ED)

 Minimum Diastole (MD)

 S/D or D/S Ratio

 Pulsatility Index (PI)

 Resistive Index (RI)

 TAmax

 Acceleration

 Acceleration Time

To configure the package measurements for D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Abdomen > Doppler > Package measurement
(double-click) > a default measurement.

7-52
 Abdomen

❚ Velocity

7
1. Select a measurement on the context menu (PS, ED, MD, Vmax Pre,
Vmax Stent).

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity is shown on the Result
window.

❚ PS/ED ratio
1. Select S/D on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first point (S or D) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

3. Measure the second point (D or S) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (S, D) and S/D ratio are
shown on the Result window.

7-53
 Abdomen

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

1. Select PI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key. The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform, and press the Set
key.

4. The pulsatility index is calculated, and the pulsatility index (PI) is

shown on the Result window.

❚ Resistive Index (RI)

1. Select RI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The end point is fixed, and the resistive index is calculated. The
resistivity index (RI) is shown on the Result window.

7-54
 Abdomen

❚ Maximum Time-Average Velocity (TAmax)

7
1. Select TAmax on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace the maximum values of the desired portion for
the spectrum.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The maximum time-average is calculated. The maximum

time-average (TAmax) is shown on the Result window.

❚ Acceleration Time (AT)

1. Select AT on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points is displayed. The

acceleration time (AT) is shown on the Result window.

7-55
 Abdomen

Abdomen report
The Abdomen report has two sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient Registration.

NOTE

7-56
 Abdomen

Measurement information

7
 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made

Measurements and Reports

for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the measurement value type, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. >
NOTE Edit > Method.

7-57
 Obstetrics

Obstetric measurements and calculations

OB measurement preset

 OB1

 OB2/3

 Fetal Echo

To select a measurement preset,

1. Select Measurement Preset on the context menu.

2. Select OB1, OB2/3, or Fetal Echo from the measurement list.

7-58
 Obstetrics

2D mode measurements (OB1, OB2/3)

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the OB report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurements and Reports

Table 7-7 2D mode measurement (OB)
Measurement Description
GS Gestation Sac Length
MSD Mean Gestational Sac Diameter
YS Yolk Sac Length
CRL Crown-Rump Length
BPD Biparietal Diameter
HC Head Circumference
AC Abdominal Circumference
FL Femur Length
AFI Amniotic Fluid Index
Humerus Humerus Length
Radius Radius Length
Ulna Ulna Length
Tibia Tibia Length
Fibula Fibula Length
CLAV Clavicle Length
BOD Binocular Distance
NB Nasal Bone Length
NT Nuchal Translucency Length
SL Spinal Length
EL Ear Length
LL Liver Length
RL Rib Length
Scapular Scapular Length
SC Splenic Circumference
FB Fetal Bowel Diameter

7-59
 Obstetrics

Measurement Description
Foot Foot Length
FK Fetal Kidney Diameter
OFD Occipito-frontal Diameter
OOD Outer Orbital Diameter
HA Head Area
MAD Middle Abdomen Diameter
AD Abdominal Diameter
AA Abdominal Area
FTA Fetal Trunk Cross-Sectional Area
TAD Transverse Abdominal Diameter
TTD Transverse Trunk Diameter
APTD Antero-Posterior Trunk Diameter
TC Thoracic Circumference
APAD Anteroposterior Abdominal Diameter
CM Cisterna Magna
Umb AD Umbilical Artery Diameter
Umb VD Umbilical Vein Diameter
Anteroposterior Trunk Diameter & Transverse Trunk
APTD-TTD
Diameter
Anteroposterior Trunk Diameter multiplied by
AxT
Transverse Trunk Diameter
CTAR Cardiothoracic Area Ratio
TCD Transverse Cerebellar Diameter
OV Ovary Volume
OV L Ovary Length
OV H Ovary Height
OV W Ovary Width
OV Vol Ovary Volume

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > OB > 2D > Default Measurement.
7-60
 Obstetrics

2D mode measurements (Fetal Echo)

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the fetal heart
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurements and Reports

Table 7-8 2D mode measurement (Fetal echo)
Measurement Description
Heart Heart Package
LA Diam Left Atrium Diameter
LA L Left Atrium Length
Left Ventricle - Diastolic major axis Dimension -
LVLd-A4C
Apical four chamber
Left Ventricle - Systolic major axis Dimension -
LVLs-A4C
Apical four chamber
Left Ventricle - Diastolic major axis Dimension -
LVLd-A2C
Apical two chamber
Left Ventricle - Systolic major axis Dimension -
LVLs-A2C
Apical two chamber
Left Ventricle Outflow Track - Cardiovascular
LVOT Diam
Orifice Diameter
RA Diam Right Atrium Diameter
RA L Right Atrium Length
RVAWd Right Ventricle - Anterior Wall Diastolic Thickness
RVL Right Ventricle Length
RVDd Right Ventricle Diameter - End Diastole
RVDs Right Ventricle Diameter - End Systole
Right Ventricle Outflow Track - Cardiovascular
RVOT Diam
Orifice Diameter
Teichholz Left Ventricular Dimensions by Teichholz method
IVSd Interventricular Septum - End Diastole
LVIDd Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Diastole
LVPWd Left Ventricle - Posterior Wall - End Diastole

7-61
 Obstetrics

Measurement Description
IVSs Interventricular Septum - End Systole
LVIDs Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Systole
LVPWs Left Ventricle Posterior Wall - End Systole
CT Cardiothoracic Area Ratio
CA Cardiac Area
TA Thoracic Area
Arteries Arteries Package
Aortic Arch Diam Aortic Arch Diameter
Ao Diam Aorta Diameter
Ascend Ao Diam Ascending Aorta Diameter
Thor Ao Diam Thoracic Aorta Diameter
Trans Ao Arch Transverse Aortic Arch Diameter
Duct Arch Diam Ductal Arch Diameter
DA Diam Ductus Arteriosus Diameter
Isthmus Isthmus
PA Diam Pulmonary Artery Diameter
PA left Diam Pulmonary Artery Diameter - Systole - Left
PA right Diam Pulmonary Artery Diameter - Systole - Right
Umb A Diam Umbilical Artery Diameter
Veins Veins Package
VC Sup Diam Superior Vena Cava Diameter
VC Inf Diam Inferior Vena Cava Diameter
PVe Diam l Pulmonary Vein Diameter - left
PVe Diam r Pulmonary Vein Diameter - right
Umb V Diam Umbilical Vein Diameter

7-62
 Obstetrics

❚ Gestational Sac (GS)

7
1. Select GS on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the gestational sac length is shown
on the Result window.

❚ Abdominal Circumference (AC)

1. Select AC on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Move the marker to the second point using Trackball. The ellipse
appears.

4. Press the Set key. The end point appears.

5. Move the marker to the second point using Trackball, and press the
Set key again.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the abdominal circumference is

shown on the Result window.

You can measure the abdominal circumference by using

the trace. To change the measurement method, press the
NOTE System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
MEAS. > OB > 2D > AC > Edit > Caliper Type.

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❚ Biparietal Diameter (BPD)

1. Select BPD on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the biparietal diameter is shown on

the Result window.

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❚ Head Circumference (HC), Occipito-frontal Diameter (OFD)

7
1. Select HC on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point. The ellipse
appears.

4. Press the Set key. The end point appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

6. The measured value is fixed. The head circumference and the

occipito-frontal diameter are shown on the Result window.

 To show or hide the OFD measurement, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement >
NOTE Labeled MEAS. > OB > 2D > HC > Edit. This setting
is available only when you perform a HC measurement
by using the ellipse.
 You can measure the head circumference by using the
trace. To change the measurement method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > OB > 2D > HC > Edit > Caliper
Type.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI)

To calculate the amniotic fluid index, measure the four quadrants of the
uterine cavity.

1. Select the AFI folder on the context menu.

2. Select AFI-Q1. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key. The first

quadrant is completed.

3. Perform 1 distance measurement.

The AFI sum for AFI-Q1 is automatically shown on the Result window.

4. Repeat step 3 to measure the second, third, and fourth quadrant

(AFI-Q2, AFI-Q3, AFI-Q4).

5. The total sum of your AFI measurements is shown on the Result

window.

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❚ Antero-Postero Trunk Diameter by Transverse Trunk Diameter

7
(AxT)

1. Select AxT on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key. The

antero-postero trunk diameter (APTD) measurement is completed.

2. Perform the measurement of the transverse trunk diameter (TTD)

measurement in the same manner (a-d).

3. When two distance measurements are completed, the measured value

is fixed, and the measured value is shown on the Result window.

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❚ CTAR
1. Select CTAR on the context menu. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press
the Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

b. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point. The ellipse
appears.

c. Press the Set key. The end point appears.

d. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point and press
the Set key again. The cardiac area (CA) measurement is
completed.

2. Perform the thoracic area (TA) measurement in the same manner

(a-d).

3. When two ellipse measurements are completed, the measured value is

fixed, and the measured value is shown on the Result window.

The cardiothoracic area ratio measurement is available for

the OB1 preset and OB2/3 presets (CTAR), and Fetal Echo
NOTE preset (CT).

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 Obstetrics

❚ Femur Length (FL)

7
1. Select FL on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the femur length is shown on the
Result window.

❚ Spinal Length (SL)

1. Select SL on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the length of vertebrae is shown on

the Result window.

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❚ Left Ventricle – Teichholz Method

The followings are Teichholz measurements:

 Diastole – IVSd, LVIDd, LVPWd

 Systole – IVSs, LVIDs, LVPWd

1. Select the Teichholz(2D) folder on the context menu.

2. Select Diastole or Systole. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the start point to the interventricular

septum.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key.

c. As you move Trackball, the second point and a straight line appear
on the display.

d. Press the Set key. The first distance (IVSd or IVSs) measurement
is fixed.

3. Perform the measurement of the second (LVIDd or LVIDs) and third

(LVPWd or LVPWs) distance in the same manner (a-d).

4. After three length measurements are completed, the measured value

is fixed, and the left ventricle dimension is shown on the Result
window.

When you select Diastole or Systole, you can perform

the 3 length measurement with a straight line. Otherwise,
NOTE when you select IVS, LVID, or LVPW, you can only
perform 1 distance measurement.

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2D mode calculations (OB1, OB2/3)

7
The calculation labels may not be available in the measurement menu. The
system performs the calculations when the required measurements are

Measurements and Reports

made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results
and transfers the values to the report.

Table 7-9 2D mode calculations (OB)

Calculation Required
Description
label measurements
The required
measurements vary
EFW Estimated Fetal Weight
depending on the selected
authors.
Gestational ages by last Calculation from the LMP
GA
menstrual period data
Estimated date of delivery
EDD Determined by LMP data
by last menstrual period
Determined from all Fetal
Gestational ages by
U/S GA Age measurements and
ultrasound
calculations
Determined from all
Estimated date of delivery
U/S EDD ultrasound measurements
by ultrasound
and calculations
BPD
CI Cephalic Index
OFD
Ratio of Head
HC
HC/AC Circumference to
AC
Abdominal Circumference
Ratio of Femur Length to FL
FL/BPD
Biparietal Diameter BPD
Ratio of Femur Length to FL
FL/AC
Abdominal Circumference AC
Ratio of Femur Length to FL
FL/HC
Head Circumference HC

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2D mode calculations (Fetal Echo)

Calculation Required
Description
label measurements
Left Ventricle - End
EDV Diastolic Volume - LVIDd
Teichholz
Left Ventricle - End
ESV Systolic Volume - LVIDs
Teichholz
Left Ventricle - Stroke
SV EDV, ESV
Volume - Teichholz
Left Ventricle - Ejection
EF EDV, ESV
Fraction - Teichholz
LV Fractional Shortening
Percentage
LV FS LVIDd, LVIDs
(LVIDd-LVIDs)/
LVIDd*100
CA
CT Cardiothoracic Area Ratio
TA

Table 7-10 2D mode calculations (Fetal echo)

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 Obstetrics

Define as:

7
 Teichholz Method

Measurements and Reports

EDV= 7x(LVIDd³) / (2.4 + LVIDd)

ESV= 7x(LVIDs³) / (2.4 + LVIDs)

SV= EDV – ESV

EF= (EDV - ESV) / EDV

FS= (LVIDd - LVIDs) / LVIDd

 EFW Authors

Campbell (AC)

Hadlock (AC, BPD)

Hadlock 1 (AC, FL)

Hadlock 2 (BPD, AC, FL)

Hadlock 3 (HC, AC, FL)

Hadlock 4 (BPD, HC, AC, FL)

Hansmann (BPD, TTD)

Merz (AC, BPD)

Osaka (BPD, FTA, FL)

Persson (BPD, MAD, FL)

Schild (HC, AC, FL)

Shepard (AC, BPD)

Shinozuka 1 (BPD, APTD, TTD, FL)

Shinozuka 2 (BPD, FL, AC)

Shinozuka 3 (BPD, APTD, TTD, SL)

Tokyo (BPD, APTD, TTD, FL)

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 Obstetrics

 To change the default EFW author, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > OB MEAS. >
NOTE EFW Formula.
 If a measurement of EFW formula is not shown on the
context menu, the EFW formula setting may not be
affected. This setting is only available when you set the
measurement for EFW formula as default.
 To add a measurement in the EFW formula as default,
press the System Preset key and go to Measurement
> Labeled MEAS. > OB > Add measurement
(Insert).

❚ Estimated Fetal Weight (EFW)

1. To measure estimated fetal weight, perform several OB measurements
first.

2. EFW based on the measured values is calculated and the result is

shown.

The EFW calculation method (author) is selected from the

EFW formula.
NOTE

3. Perform the measurements required for EFW.

When the measurements are completed, the EFW is automatically

calculated.

4. The each measurement and the estimated fetal weight are shown on
the Result window.

EFW is not calculated and shown if the selected

measurement is not performed.
NOTE

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❚ Composite Gestational ages (GA) and estimated date of delivery

7
(EDD) by ultrasound
When you perform the OB measurement, GA and EDD are calculated

Measurements and Reports

base on the measured values.

To show or hide GA and EDD, press the System Preset key

and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > OB > 2D >
NOTE Edit page.

M mode measurements (OB1, OB2/3)

These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the OB report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description
HR Heart Rate

Table 7-11 M mode measurement (OB)

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > OB > M > Default Measurement.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS.
NOTE > HR cycle.

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 Obstetrics

M mode measurements (Fetal Echo)

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the fetal heart

Measurements and Reports

report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description
Heart Heart Package
LA Diam Left Atrium Diameter
AO Diam Aorta Diameter - Systole
LVET Left Ventricle Ejection Time
DE amp/slope D-E wave Amplitude and Slope
EF slope E-F wave Slope
RADs Right Atrium Diameter - Systole
RADd Right Atrium Diameter - Diastole
RVAWd Right Ventricle Anterior Wall Diameter - Diastole
RVAWs Right Ventricle Anterior Wall Diameter - Systole
RV Diam Right Ventricle Diameter
PA Diam Pulmonary Artery Diameter
RVET Right Ventricle Ejection Time
Teichholz Left Ventricular Dimensions by Teichholz method
IVSd Interventricular Septum - End Diastole
LVIDd Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Diastole
LVPWd Left Ventricle - Posterior Wall - End Diastole
IVSs Interventricular Septum - End Systole
LVIDs Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Systole
LVPWs Left Ventricle Posterior Wall - End Systole

Table 7-12 M mode measurement (Fetal echo)

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 Obstetrics

❚ Diameter
The followings are distance measurements:

 Heart – LA Diam, AO Diam

 RV – RAD, RVAW, RV Diam, PA Diam, RVOT Diam

1. Select a distance measurement on the context menu. The start point

appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The measured value is fixed, and the distance measurement is shown

on the Result window.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Time

7
The followings are time measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 Heart – LVET, RVET

1. Select a time measurement on the context menu. The start point

appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears. The time
measurement is shown on the Result window.

To manually enter LVET, select LVET (edit) on the context

menu.
NOTE

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❚ Slope
The followings are distance measurements:

 Heart – DE amp/slope, EF slope

1. Select the Heart (M) folder on the context menu.

2. Select DE amp/slope or EF slope. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

3. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

5. When the oblique line appears, the slope is calculated, and the slope
measurement is shown on the Result window.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Left Ventricle – Teichholz Method

7
The followings are Teichholz measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 Diastole – IVSd, LVIDd, LVPWd

 Systole – IVSs, LVIDs, LVPWd

1. Select the Teichholz(M) folder on the context menu.

2. Select IVS, LVID, or LVPW.

3. Perform 1 distance measurement.

4. After measurements are completed, the measured value is fixed and

the left ventricle is shown on the Result window.

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M mode calculations
The calculation labels may not be available in the measurement menu. The
system performs the calculations when the required measurements are
made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results
and transfers the values to the report.

Required
Calculation label Description measurements
<Teichholz> <Teichholz Method>
EDV End Diastolic Volume LVIDd
ESV End Systolic Volume LVIDs
SV Stroke Volume EDV, ESV
EF Ejection Fraction EDV, ESV
FS Fractional Shortening LVIDd, LVIDs

Table 7-13 M mode calculations

Define as:

 Teichholz Method

EDV= 7x(LVIDd³) / (2.4 + LVIDd)

ESV= 7x(LVIDs³) / (2.4 + LVIDs)

SV= EDV – ESV

EF= (EDV - ESV) / EDV

FS= (LVIDd - LVIDs) / LVIDd

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D mode measurements (OB1, OB2/3)

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the OB report

Measurements and Reports

with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

AO Aorta

Umbilical A Umbilical Artery

Placenta Placenta

Des.Aorta Descending Aorta

Uterine A Uterine Artery

MCA Middle Cerebral Artery

Ovarian A Ovarian Artery

DV Ductus Venosus

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-14 D mode measurement (OB)

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > OB > Doppler > Default Measurement.

To select a package measurement,

1. Select a package measurement folder.

2. Select a desired measurement from the measurement list.

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 Obstetrics

In each doppler package measurement, you can make the following

measurements:

 Peak Systole (PS)

 End Diastole (ED)

 Minimum Diastole (MD)

 S/D or D/S Ratio

 Pulsatility Index (PI)

 Resistive Index (RI)

 TAmax

 Acceleration

 Acceleration Time

To configure the default measurement for each package

measurement, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > OB >Doppler > a
package measurement (double-click) > a default
measurement.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Peak Systole, End Diastole or Minimum Diastole (PS, ED, or MD)

7
1. Select PS, ED, or MD on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity (PS, ED, or MD) is
shown on the Result window.

❚ PS/ED or ED/PS Ratio

1. Select S/D or D/S Ratio on the context menu. The start point
appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the start point (S or D) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

3. Measure the second point (D or S) of the ratio using Trackball, and

cpress the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (S, D) and S/D or D/S ratio
are shown on the Result window.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

1. Select PI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The pulsatility index is calculated and the pulsatility index (PI) is

shown on the Result window.

❚ Resistive Index (RI)

1. Select RI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. When the end point is fixed, the resistive index is calculated and the
resistivity index (RI) is shown on the Result window.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Maximum Time-Average Velocity (TAmax)

7
1. Select TAmax on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace the maximum value of the desired portion for
the spectrum.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The maximum time-average is calculated, and the maximum

time-average (TAmax) is shown on the Result window.

❚ Acceleration (Accel.)
1. Select Accel on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and then press the Set key again.

4. When the oblique line appears, the acceleration is calculated. The

acceleration (Accel) and the acceleration time (AT) are shown on the
Result window.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Acceleration Time (AT)

1. Select AT on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears. The acceleration
time (AT) is shown on the Result window.

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 Obstetrics

D mode measurements (Fetal Echo)

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the fetal heart
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurements and Reports

Table 7-15 D mode measurement (Fetal echo)
Measurement Description
Valves Valves Package
MV E pt Mitral Valve E point Velocity
MV A pt Mitral Valve A point Velocity
AV Vmax Aortic Valve Peak Velocity
PV Vmax Pulmonary Valve Peak Velocity
FO Foramen Ovale Velocity
Ventricles Ventricles
IVCT Isovolumetric Contraction Time
LVET Left Ventricle Ejection Time
IVRT Isovolumetric Relaxation Time
RVET Right Ventricle Ejection Time
Arteries Arteries Package
Ascend Ao Vmax Ascending Aorta Velocity
Thor Ao Vmax Thoracic Aorta Velocity
Trans Ao Arch Vmax Transversal Aortic Arch Velocity
DA Vmax Ductus Arteriosus Velocity
PA Vmax Pulmonary Artery Velocity
Umb A Vmax Umbilical Artery Velocity
Veins Veins Package
VC Sup Vmax Superior Vena Cava Velocity
VC Inf Vmax Inferior Vena Cava Velocity
PVe Vmax l Pulmonary Vein left Velocity
PVe Vmax r Pulmonary Vein right Velocity
Umb V Vmax Umbilical Vein Velocity

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 Obstetrics

❚ Velocity
The followings are velocity measurements:

 L Heart – MV E pt, MV A pt, AV Vmax, PV Vmax, FO

 Aarterues – Ascend AO Vmax, Thor Ao Vmax, Trans Ao Arch Vmax, DA

Vmax, PA Vmax, Umb A Vmax

 Veins - VC Sup Vmax, VC Inf Vmax, PVe Vmax l, PVe Vmax r, Umb V
VMax

1. Select a velocity measurement on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The measured value is fixed, and the velocity is shown on the Result
window.

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 Obstetrics

❚ Time

7
The followings are time measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 Ventricles – IVCT, LVET, IVRT, RVET

1. Select a time measurement on the context menu. The start point

appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears and the time
measurement is shown on the Result window.

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 Obstetrics

D mode calculations
The calculation labels may not be available in the measurement menu. The
system performs the calculations when the required measurements are
made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results
and transfers the values to the report.

Required
Calculation label Description measurements
Mitral Valve E point /A MV E pt
E/A
point Ratio MV A pt
TEI Index
IVCT
(Index of Myocardial
TEI-I IVRT
Performance of Left
LVET
Ventricle)

Table 7-16 D mode calculations

Define as:

TEI-I = (IVCT+IVRT)/LVET

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OB & Fetal heart report

7
To start a report,

Measurements and Reports

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

Report functions
- See Report operations on page 7-40 for more information.

- To select CUA or AUA for gestational age, rotate the Select AUA/CUA soft
key.

To configure the default ultrasound age type, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > OB MEAS. > Default
NOTE US Age Type > AUA or CUA.

- To select the fetus A, B, C, or D, rotate the Fetus A soft key. This function
is for a multi-gestational patient.

The OB & Fetal heart report has three sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

 Calculation information

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 Obstetrics

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

 LMP (or IVF)

 GA, EDD (LMP or IVF)

 Determined from LMP (or IVF) data

 GA, EDD (AUA or CUA): If this field is checked, the system uses the
measurement to calculate the ultrasound age.

 AUA: Average Ultrasound age, regression calculation

 CUA: Composite Ultrasound age, an arithmetric average

 Fetus: For a multi-gestational patient, select a fetus (A, B, C, D) in this

field.

To edit the patient information, go to Patient Registration.

NOTE

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 Obstetrics

Measurement information

7
 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made

Measurements and Reports

for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 3: The three measurement values for each item are available. If

you make more than three measurements, the report uses the last
three.

 GA: GA is calculated base on the measured values for the fetus. “##”
appears when any of the values is out of range.

 Range: The typical range of fetal age for this measurement.

The GA range may not be shown when the range of OB

reference (author) is set to none (unavailable).
NOTE

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement value,

press the System Preset key and go to Measurement >
NOTE Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

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 Obstetrics

Calculation information

 EFW: Show the parameters used to calculate EFW. This is followed by

the calculation result.

 EFW GP: Show the source used to calculate EFW GP. This is followed by
the growth percentile. When you enter LMP, you can check the EFW GP
value and reference (Hadlock, Brenner, Williams).

 Ratio: The remaining calculation information shows ratios for several

measurements.

- CI (Cephalic index): The value calculated by measuring BPD and OFD

is displayed.

- AC/HC

- FL/BPD

- FL/HC

- FL/AC

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 Obstetrics

OB graph

7
The OB graph shows curve graphs and bar graphs that indicate predicate

Measurements and Reports

fetal growth patterns according to the selected reference (author) for a
measurement or calculation.

OB graph allows you to access the fetal growth curve compared to a normal
growth curve. When a patient has completed data from the previous
studies, you can use the graph to look at fetal trending.

For multi-gestational patients, you can compare the growth on the graphs.

Fetal growth – references

Table 7-17 Fetal growth (reference)
Reference (Author)
Display item name Description name
Brenner, Doubilet,
Hadlock, Hansmann,
Hansmann 86,
Hobbins/Persutte,
EFW Estimated Fetal Weight JSUM2001, Osaka,
Persson
Tokyo/Shinozuka,
Tokyo, Williams,
Yarkoni
ASUM, CFEF, Chitty,
Hadlock, Hansmann,
Jeanty, JSUM,
Abdominal
AC Kurmanavicius,
Circumference
Lessoway, Merz,
Nicolaides, Shinozuka,
Tokyo
AFI Amniotic Fluid Index Moore
Anteroposterior
APAD Merz
Abdominal Diameter

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 Obstetrics

Reference (Author)
Display item name Description name
Anteroposterior Trunk
APTD Hansmann
Diameter
Anteroposterior Trunk
Diameter multiplied by
AxT Shinozuka, Tokyo
Transverse Trunk
Diameter
BOD Binocular Distance Jeanty
ASUM, CFEF, Chitty,
Hadlock, Hansmann,
Jeanty, JSUM,
Kurmanavicius,
BPD Biparietal Diameter
Lessoway, Marsal,
Merz, Nicolaides,
Osaka, Sabbagha,
Shinozuka, Tokyo
CLAV Clavicle Length Yarkoni
CM Cisterna Magna Nicolaides
ASUM, Hadlock,
Hansmann, JSUM,
CRL Crown-Rump Length Marsal, Osaka,
Robinson, Shinozuka,
Tokyo
ASUM, CFEF, Chitty,
Hadlock, Hansmann,
Jeanty, JSUM,
Kurmanavicius,
FL Femur Length Lessoway, Marsal,
Merz, Nicolaides,
O’Brien, Osaka,
Shinozuka, Tokyo,
Warda
Fetal Trunk
FTA Osaka
Cross-Sectional Area

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 Obstetrics

Reference (Author)
Display item name Description

7
name
Fibula Fibula Length Jeanty

Measurements and Reports

GS Gestation Sac Length Hellman, Rempen
ASUM, CFEF, Chitty,
Hadlock, Hansmann,
HC Head Circumference Jeanty, Kurmanavicius,
Lessoway, Merz,
Nicolaides
ASUM, Jeanty, Merz,
Humerus Humerus Length
Osaka
SL Spinal Length Tokyo
Middle Cerebral Artery
MCA PI Bahlman, JSUM
Pulsatility Index
Middle Cerebral Artery
MCA PS Mari
Peak Systole Velocity
Middle Cerebral Artery
MCA RI Bahlman, JSUM
Resistive Index
Middle Abdomen EIK-NES,
MAD
Diameter Kurmanavicius
ASUM, Hansmann,
Occipito-frontal
OFD Jeanty, Kurmanavicius,
Diameter
Merz, Nicolaides
Radius Radius Length Merz
Transverse Abdominal
TAD CFEF, Merz
Diameter
Transverse Cerebellar
TCD Hill, Nicolaides
Diameter
Tibia Tibia Length Jeanty, Merz
Transverse Trunk
TTD Hansmann
Diameter
Ulna Ulna Length Jeanty

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 Obstetrics

Reference (Author)
Display item name Description name
Umbilical Artery
UmbArt PI JSUM
Pulsatility Index
Umbilical Artery JSUM, Kurmanavicius,
UmbArt RI
Resistive Index Merz

Fetal growth curve graphs

To start a curve graph,

- Select Graph on the context menu.

- While viewing the OB report, select Graph on the context menu.

To view a curve graph,

Figure 7-3 Curve graph

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 Obstetrics

 The horizontal axis shows the fetal age in weeks. This age is determined
by the entry data on the Patient Registration. The vertical axis shows

7
one of the followings:

Measurements and Reports

- For measurements: mm or cm

- For ratios: percent

- For fetal weight: gram

 The fetal growth graph shows the following information for the selected
measurement:

- The normal fetal growth curve

- The standard deviations or relevant percentiles

- The gestational age of the fetus, using patient data and ultrasound
age (vertical dotted line)

- The current ultrasound measurement data, where the fetus is on the

growth curve (symbol)

 On the left of the fetal growth graph, the following additional information
appears:

 GA (AUA or CUA): The system allows you to use the composite

ultrasound age (CUA) or average ultrasound age (AUA). Rotate the
Select AUA/CUA soft key to select a gestational age.

 GA (LMP or IVF): This data is determined by the LMP (or IVF) data on
Patient Registration.

 U/S GA: This data is calculated base on the measured values for the
fetus.

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 Obstetrics

To select a measurement,

1. The system shows a list of fetal growth measurements.

2. The graph list is shown by the order of measurements you performed

recently. The check mark ( ) is shown next to the measurement that
has measured values.

3. To select a specific measurement, use Trackball to move to the

measurement field and press the Set key.

4. To scroll through all fetal growth curve graphs, rotate the Select Graph
soft key.

To change the reference author,

1. Use Trackball to move the cursor to the reference, and press the Set
key.

2. Select a reference from the drop-down list, and press the Set key again.

To view fetus trending on graphs,

 The system automatically finds the data based on the previous studies.

 When you select the History check box, the previous and current data
are shown on the graph. The previous data is shown as the same symbol
with the current data. You can check the fetal trend on the graph.

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 Obstetrics

To view multiple fetuses data on graphs,

7
 You can view multiple gestational data on fetal growth curve graphs.

Measurements and Reports

 When you select the Compare check box, the multiple gestational
data is shown on the current graph.

 You can specify the maximum of four fetuses (A, B, C, or D). The
specified fetuses are shown as different symbols and colors.

To configure the fetus number, go to Patient Registration

> OB exam information > Fetus #.
NOTE

To view a quad graph,

You can view four graphs at the same page. Press the Quad soft key. The
measured values and references are shown at the left of the graph.

To change each graph in the quad view,

1. Use Trackball to move the cursor to the change graph icon ( ), and
press the Set key.

2. Select a measurement from the measurement list, and press the Set
key. The graph is changed.

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 Obstetrics

Fetal growth bar graphs

To start a bar graph,

- While viewing the OB graph, press the Bar soft key.

To view a curve graph,

- The horizontal axis shows the gestational weeks.

- The blue vertical line shows the gestational age (GA) by the LMP data.

- The blue dotted vertical line shows the CUA (or AUA) by the current
measured values.

- To select a gestational age, rotate the Select AUA/CUA soft key.

- The yellow symbol mark (+) shows the ultrasound GA for each
measurement.

- The blue rectangle shows the normal age range for the measurement.

You cannot view the fetal trending or multiple fetus data on

the bar graph.
NOTE

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 Obstetrics

Anatomical survey

7
To start the anatomical survey,

Measurements and Reports

- While viewing the OB report, select Anatomical Survey on the context
menu.

The patient specific contents input on the Anatomical Survey

page are returned to the factory default settings after starting
NOTE a new patient.

Anatomical survey lists

Table 7-18 Anatomical survey lists

List Descriptive data Options
Lateral Ventricle, Cerebellum
Head Cist. magma, Orbits, Face, (Blank), Normal
Nose / Lips, Palate, NT
4-Chamber, LVOT, RVOT,
Heart 3-Vessel, Aortic Arch, Cardiac (Blank), Normal
Axis, Cardiac Rhythm
C-Spine, T-Spine, L-Spine,
Spine (Blank), Normal
Sacrum
Chest Diaphragm, Lungs (Blank), Normal
Abdominal Wall, Stomach,
Abdomen Kidneys, Bladder, Cord (Blank), Normal
Insertion, Genitalia
Limbs Arms, Legs, Hands, Feet (Blank), Normal

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 Obstetrics

List Descriptive data Options

Vertex, Breech,
Fetal Position
Transverse
Anterior, Posterior,
Placenta Location
Fundal, Lateral, Previa
Placenta Grade 0, 1, 2, 3
Description
Normal, 2-vessel,
Umbilical Cord
Nuchal Cord
Normal,
Amniotic Fluid Oligohydramnios,
Polyhydramnios
Fetal Movements 0, 1, 2
Fetal Breathing 0, 1, 2
Fetal Tone 0, 1, 2
Reactive NST (Reactive
0, 1, 2
Biophysical non-stress test)
profile
Amniotic Fluid 0, 1, 2
The system totals five
data to calculate a
Score
score for the
biophysical profile.
Diagnosis Free Text (Blank)

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 Obstetrics

 To set all values in the list as default, select Default.

7
 To clear all values in the list, select Clear.

Measurements and Reports

 To edit the lists in anatomical survey, use Trackball to move the
cursor to the descriptive data field and press the Set key. The data
field is highlighted, and you can enter the anatomy name.

 To save the data as default, press the Save As Default soft key.

 To set the anatomical survey list as default, press the Factory Default
soft key.

 To clear all input data in the option fields, press the Clear All soft key.

Fetus compare
You can compare between fetuses by viewing measurement and calculation
values. While viewing the OB report, select Fetus Compare on the context
menu. The measurement and calculation values for each fetus are shown on
the display.

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 Gynecology

Measurements and calculations

GYN measurement preset

 GYN

 Follicle

To select a measurement preset,

1. Select Measurement Preset on the context menu.

2. Select the GYN or Follicle folder from the measurement list.

2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the GYN report
with measured result, when assigned.

Table 7-19 2D mode measurement (GYN)

Measurement Description
Endo Endometrium Thickness
Cervix Cervix Length
Follicle Follicle Volume
Follicle # 1~15 Measurements of the left and right ovarian follicle
UT Uterus Volume
UT L Uterus Length
UT H Uterus Height
UT W Uterus Width
OV Ovary Volume
OV L Ovary Length
OV H Ovary Height
OV W Ovary Width
Bladder Bladder Volume
Bladder L Bladder Length
Bladder H Bladder Height
Bladder W Bladder Width

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 Gynecology

Measurement Description

7
UT Vol Uterus Volume

Measurements and Reports

OV Vol Ovary Volume
Bladder Vol Bladder Volume

To configure the 2D mode measurements, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. >
NOTE GYN > 2D > Default Measurement.

❚ Endometrium Thickness
1. Select Endo on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key.

The end point, overlapping the start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the endometrium thickness (Endo)

is shown on the Result window.

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 Gynecology

❚ Follicle Volume
You can make the ovary follicle volume from one, two, or three distance
measurements.

1 Distance Volume

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Follicle folder. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

4. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

6. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7. The measured value is fixed, and the follicle volume (Rt or Lt Fo-Vol)
is shown on the Result window.

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 Gynecology

2 Distances Volume

7
1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select the Follicle folder. The start point appears.

a. Move the marker to the start point using Trackball.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Move the marker to the end point using Trackball.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second distance in the same manner

(a-d).

4. When the second distances are measured, press the Set key.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the follicle volume (Rt or Lt Fo-Vol)
is shown on the Result window.

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 Gynecology

3 Distances Volume

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Follicle folder. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

4. The measured value is fixed, and the follicle volume (Rt or Lt Fo-Vol)
is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2) and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the follicle volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Follicle > Edit Page.

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 Gynecology

❚ Ovary Volume (1)

7
You can measure the length, width, and height for the left and right
ovaries. Each measurement is a typical distance measurement made in

Measurements and Reports

appropriate scan plane.

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the OV folder, and then select OV L, OV W, or OV H. The start

point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. After completing the length, width, and height measurement, the

ovary volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the ovary volume (Rt or Lt OV Vol)
is shown on the Result window.

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 Gynecology

❚ Ovary Volume (2)

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select OV Vol. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

5. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the ovary volume (Rt or Lt OV Vol)
is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2) and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the ovary volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > OV Vol > Edit Page.

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 Gynecology

M mode measurements

7
These measurements display in the context menu and the GYN report with

Measurements and Reports

measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-20 M mode measurement (GYN)

To configure the M mode measurement, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. >
NOTE GYN > M > Default Measurement.

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS.
NOTE > HR cycle.

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 Gynecology

D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the GYN report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

AO Aorta

Umbilical A Umbilical Artery

Placenta Placenta

Des. Aorta Descending Aorta

Uterine A Uterine Artery

Ovarian A Ovarian Artery

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-21 D mode measurement (GYN)

To configure the D mode measurement, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled MEAS. >
NOTE GYN > Doppler > Default Measurement.

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 Gynecology

To select a package measurement,

7
1. Select a package measurement folder.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select a desired measurement from the measurement list.

In each package measurement for Doppler mode, you can use the following
measurements:

 Peak Systole (PS)

 End Diastole (ED)

 Minimum Diastole (MD)

 S/D or D/S Ratio

 Pulsatility Index (PI)

 Resistive Index (RI)

 TAmax

 Acceleration

 Acceleration Time

To configure the default package measurement for Doppler

mode, press the System Preset key and go to Measurement
NOTE > Labeled MEAS. > GYN > Doppler > Package
measurement > a default measurement.

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 Gynecology

❚ Peak Systole, End Diastole, or Minimum Diastole (PS, ED, or MD)

1. Select PS, ED, or MD on the context menu. The vertical line and the
horizontal line are perpendicular to each other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity (PS, ED, or MD) is
shown on the Result window.

❚ PS/ED or ED/PS Ratio

1. Select S/D or D/S Ratio on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first point (S or D) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

3. Measure the second point (D or S) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (S, D) and S/D or D/S ratio
are shown on the Result window.

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 Gynecology

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

7
1. Select PI on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform, and press the Set
key.

4. The pulsatility index is calculated, and the pulsatility index (PI) is

shown on the Result window.

❚ Resistive Index (RI)

1. Select RI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The end point is fixed and the resistive index is calculated. The
resistivity index (RI) is shown on the Result window.

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 Gynecology

❚ Maximum Time-Average Velocity (TAmax)

1. Select TAmax on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace the maximum values of the desired portion for
the spectrum.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The maximum time-average is calculated. The maximum

time-average (TAmax) is shown on the Result window.

❚ Acceleration (Accel.)
1. Select Accel on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The oblique line is displayed and the acceleration is calculated. The

acceleration (Accel) and the acceleration time (AT) are shown on the
Result window.

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 Gynecology

❚ Acceleration Time (AT)

7
1. Select AT on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points is displayed. The

acceleration time (AT) is shown on the Result window.

GYN / Follicle report

The GYN and Follicle report has two sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

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 Gynecology

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement value,

press the System Preset key and go to Measurement >
NOTE Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

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 Cardiology

Cardiology measurements and calculations

7
Measurements and Reports
Cardiology measurement preset
 Cardiology

2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the cardiology
report with measured result, when assigned.

Table 7-22 2D mode measurement (Cardiology)

Measurement Description
MV Mitral Valve Package
EPSS E Point Septal Separation
MVA (Trace) Mitral Valve Area
MV Dm Mitral Valve Diameter
LVOT Dm Left Ventricular Outflow Track Diameter
AV/LA Aortic Valve/Left Atrium Package
RV Dm Right Ventricle Diameter
Ao Dm Left Aortic Diameter
LA Dm Left Atrium Diameter
ACS Aortic Valve Cusp Separation
LA Dm ant-post Anterior-Posterior Left Atrium Diameter
LA Dm sup-inf Superior-inferior Left Atrium Diameter
LA Dm mid-lat Mid– lateral Left Atrium Diameter
Ao SV Dm Aorta - Sinus of Valsalva Diameter
Ao ST Dm Aorta – Sino-tubular junction Diameter
Ao Ring Dm Aorta – Annulus Diameter
Ao Asc Dm Aorta – Ascending Diameter
Ao Arch Dm Aorta – Arch Diameter
Ao Desc Dm Aorta – Descending Diameter

7-123
 Cardiology

Measurement Description
AV Aortic Valve Package
LVOT Dm Left Ventricular Outflow Track Diameter
AVA (Trace) Aortic Valve Area
PV Pulmonary Valve Package
PV Dm Pulmonary Valve Diameter
RVOT Dm Right Ventricular Outflow Track Diameter
PA Pulmonary Artery Package
PA Dm Pulmonary Artery Diameter
PA Left Dm Left Pulmonary Artery Diameter
PA Right Dm Right Pulmonary Artery Diameter
Vena Cava Vena Cave Package
IVC Dm Inferior Vena Cave Diameter
IVC inspir Inferior Vena Cave- Inspiration Diameter
IVC expir Inferior Vena Cave- Expiration Diameter
SVC Dm Superior Vena Cave Diameter
SVC inspir Superior Vena Cave- Inspiration Diameter
SVC expir Superior Vena Cave- Expiration Diameter
RV Right Ventricle Package
RVIDd Mid Mid- Right Ventricle Diameter - End Diastole
RVIDd Base Base- Right Ventricle Diameter - End Diastole
RVL Right Ventricle Length - End Diastole
Left Ventricular Volume by Simpson method
Simpson BP
(Biplane)
Left Ventricular Volume by Simpson method (Single
Simpson SP
plane)
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Volume (Apical two
EDV 2
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Systolic Volume (Apical two
ESV 2
chamber)

7-124
 Cardiology

Measurement Description

7
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Volume (Apical four
EDV 4
chamber)

Measurements and Reports

Left Ventricle End Systolic Volume (Apical four
ESV 4
chamber)
Mod. Simpson Modified Simpson method
LVLd apical Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the
LVAd sax MV
mitral valve at end diastole
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the
LVAd sax PM
papillary muscle at end diastole
LVLs apical Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the
LVAs sax MV
mitral valve at end systole
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the
LVAs sax PM
papillary muscle at end systole
Area Length Left Ventricular Volume by Area-Length method
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Length (Apical four
LVLd 4
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Area (Apical four
LVAd 4
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Systolic Length (Apical four
LVLs 4
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Systolic Area (Apical four
LVAs 4
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Length (Apical two
LVLd 2
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Area (Apical two
LVAd 2
chamber)
Left Ventricle End Systolic Length (Apical two
LVLs 2
chamber)

7-125
 Cardiology

Measurement Description
Left Ventricle End Systolic Area (Apical two
LVAs 2
chamber)
Teichholz Left Ventricular Dimensions by Teichholz method
RVAWd Right Ventricle Anterior Wall -End Diastole
RVDd Right Ventricle Diameter - End Diastole
IVSd Interventricular Septum - End Diastole
LVIDd Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Diastole
LVPWd Left Ventricle - Posterior Wall - End Diastole
IVSs Interventricular Septum - End Systole
LVIDs Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Systole
LVPWs Left Ventricle Posterior Wall - End Systole
LV Mass (T-E) Left Ventricle Mass by Truncated Ellipse
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Epicardial Area at the
LAA Epi
Papillary Muscle level
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Endocardial Area at the
LAA Endo
Papillary Muscle level
A Left Ventricle Semi-major Axis Diastolic Dimension
Left Ventricle Truncated Semi-major Axis Diastolic
D
Dimension
LV Mass (A-L) Left Ventricle Mass by Area-Length method
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Epicardial Area at the
LVAd Epi
Papillary Muscle level
Left Ventricle End Diastolic Endocardial Area at the
LVAd Endo
Papillary Muscle level
LVLd Left Ventricle Length- End Diastole
Left Ventricle End Systolic Epicardial Area at the
LVAs Epi
Papillary Muscle level
Left Ventricle End Systolic Endocardial Area at the
LVAs Endo
Papillary Muscle level
LVLs Left Ventricle Length- End Systole

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Measurement Description

7
LA Vol (A-L) Left Atrium Volume by Area-Length method

Measurements and Reports

A1 (A4C) Left Atrium End Systolic Area (Apical four chamber)
L1 (A4C) Left Atrium Length (Apical four chamber)
A2 (A2C) Left Atrium End Systolic Area (Apical two chamber)
L2 (A2C) Left Atrium Length (Apical two chamber)
LA Vol (Simp BP) Left Atrium Volume by Simpson method (Biplane)
Left Atrium End Systolic Volume (Apical four
ESV4
chamber)
Left Atrium End Systolic Volume (Apical two
ESV2
chamber)
RA Vol (A-L) Right Atrium Volume by Area-Length method
Right Atrium End Systolic Area (Apical four
A1 (A4C)
chamber)
L (A4C) Right Atrium Length (Apical four chamber)
Right Atrium Volume by Simpson method (Single
RA Vol (Simp)
Plane)
Right Atrium End Systolic Volume (Apical four
RA Vol (Simp)
chamber)
AR Aortic Valve - Regurgitant Flow
AR VC Dm Vena Contracta Diameter
Jet Area Aortic Regurgitant Flow jet
TR Tricuspid Valve - Regurgitant Flow
TR VC Dm Vena Contracta Diameter
RAP (edit) Right Atrium Pressure - Edit
MR Mitral Valve - Regurgitant Flow
MR VC Dm Vena Contracta Diameter
Jet Area Mitral Regurgitant Jet Area
Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Aortic
PISA (AR)
Regurgitation)

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Measurement Description
AR Radius Aortic Regurgitation Radius
Aliasing Vel (edit) Aliasing Velocity (edit)
Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Mitral
PISA (MR)
Regurgitation)
MR Radius Mitral Regurgitation Radius
Aliasing Vel (edit) Aliasing Velocity
Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Pulmonary
PISA (PR)
Regurgitation)
Radius Radius
Aliasing Vel (edit) Aliasing Velocity
Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Tricuspid
PISA (TR)
Regurgitation)
Radius Radius
Aliasing Vel (edit) Aliasing Velocity
Shunts Shunts
Systemic Dm Systemic Diameter
Pulmonic Dm Pulmonic Diameter
PVe Pulmonary Vein Package
PVed Dm Pulmonary Veins Diameter – Diastole
PVes Dm Pulmonary Veins Diameter – Systole

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Cardiology > 2D > Default Measurement.

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❚ Aortic Root Diameter

7
To measure the aortic root diameters,

Measurements and Reports

 Ao ST Dm

 Ao SV Dm

 Ao Ring Dm

1. Select the AV/LA folder on the context menu.

2. Select Ao ST Dm, AO SV Dm, or Ao Ring Dm. The start point

appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

4. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

6. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7. The measured value is fixed, and the diameter measurement is shown

on the Result window.

➀ Aortic Annulus – Ring Diameter

➁ Aortic Sinuses of Valsalva Diameter
➂ Aortic Tubular Junction Diameter

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❚ Valve Area (Trace)

To measure the valve area,

 MVA (Trace)

 AVA (Trace)

1. Select the MV or AV folder on the context menu.

2. Select MVA(Trace) or AVA(Trace). The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

4. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point. A line shows the
traced area.

6. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7. The measured value is fixed, and the valve area measurement is

shown on the Result window.

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❚ Right Atrium – Single Plane Simpson’s Method

7
This method allows you to calculate the volume of the right atrium on the
four chamber cross-sectional image. RA Vol (Simp) indicates the

Measurements and Reports

Simpson measurement.

1. During a Cardiology study, freeze a 4 chamber cross-sectional image.

2. Press the Measure key on the control panel.

3. Select the RA Vol (Simp) folder on the context menu.

4. Select RA Vol (Simp). The start point appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

6. The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

7. Use Trackball to create a trace of the structure with the second point,
and press the Set key.

8. When the start and end points are connected and a line representing
the long axis is shown, press the Set key again.

9. The measured value is fixed, and the measured value is shown on the
Result window.

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❚ Right Ventricle Diameter

The followings are right ventricle measurements:

 RVIDd Mid

 RVIDd Base

 RVL

1. Select the RV folder on the context menu.

2. Select RVIDd Mid, RVIDd Base, or RVL. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

4. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

6. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7. The measured value is fixed, and the Right Ventricle diameter

measurement is shown on the Result window.

❚ Left Atrium – Biplane Area Length Method

This method allows you to calculate the volume of the left atrium on the
two chamber and four chamber cross-sectional images. The followings
are area length measurements:

 A1 (A4C)

 L1 (A4C)

 A2 (A2C)

 L2 (A2C)

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1. During a Cardiology study, freeze 4 chamber or 2 chamber

7
cross-sectional images.

2. Use Trackball to scroll through CINE images.

Measurements and Reports

3. From the frame image of the end diastole, press the Measure key on
the control panel.

4. Select the LA Vol (A-L) folder on the context menu.

5. Select A1(A4C) or A2(A2C). The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

b. Use Trackball to create a trace of the structure with the second

point, and press the Set key. The measured value is fixed.

6. Select L1(A4C) or L2(A2C). The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7.The measured value is fixed, and the measured value is shown on the
Result window.

When the length is measured in both the 4 chamber and 2

chamber cross-sectional views, the shortest value is used in
NOTE the Area Length formula.

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❚ Left Ventricle – Teichholz Method

The followings are Teichholz measurements:

 Diastole – IVSd, LVIDd, LVPWd

 Systole – IVSs, LVIDs, LVPWd

1. Select the Teichholz folder on the context menu.

2. Select Diastole or Systole. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the start point to the interventricular

septum.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key.

c. As you move Trackball, the second point and straight line appear
on the display.

d. Press the Set key. The first distance (IVSd or IVSs) measurement
is fixed.

3. Perform the measurement of the second (LVIDd or LVIDs) and third

(LVPWd, LVPWs) distance in the same manner (a-d).

4. After three length measurements are completed, the measured value

is fixed, and the left ventricle dimension is shown on the Result
window.

When you select Diastole or Systole, you can perform the

3 length measurement with a straight line. Otherwise, when
you select IVS, LVID, or LVPW, you can only perform 1
NOTE
distance measurement.

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❚ Left Ventricle – Biplane Simpson’s Method

7
This method allows you to calculate the volume of the left ventricle on
two chamber and four chamber cross-sectional images. The followings

Measurements and Reports

are Simpson BP measurements:

 EDV 2

 ESV 2

 EDV 4

 ESV 4

1. During a Cardiology study, freeze a 4 chamber or 2 chamber

cross-sectional images.

2. Use Trackball to scroll through CINE images.

3. From the frame image of the end diastole, press the Measure key on
the control panel.

4. Select the Simpson BP folder on the context menu.

5. Select EDV 4 or EDV 2. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

b. Use Trackball to create a trace of the structure with the second

point, and press the Set key.

c. When the start and end points are connected and a line
representing the long axis is shown, press the Set key again. The
volume is calculated.

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6. Press the Exit key.

7. Use Trackball to scroll through CINE images.

8. From the End systole frame image, press the Measure key on the
control panel.

9. Select the Simpson BP folder on the context menu.

10.Select ESV 4 or ESV 2.

11.Perform the measurement of the disk volume in the same manner

(a-c).

12.When the volume trace is completed, the measured value is fixed, and
the measured value is shown on the Result window.

❚ Regurgitation Flow – Jet Area

1. While performing a Cardiology study in Color flow mode, press the
Freeze key to freeze an image.

2. Press the Measure key on the control panel.

3. Select the AR, TR, or MR folder on the context menu.

4. Select Jet Area. The start point appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

6. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

7. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point. A line shows the
traced regurgitant jet area.

8. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

9. The measured value is fixed, and the regurgitant jet area is shown on
the Result window.

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❚ Regurgitation Flow – Vena Contracta Diameter

7
The followings are Vena Contracta measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 AR VC Dm

 MR VC Dm

1. While performing a Cardiology study in Color flow mode, press the

Freeze key to freeze an image.

2. Use Trackball to scroll to the largest diameter of the vena contracta.

3. Press the Measure key on the control panel.

4. Select the AR or MR folder on the context menu.

5. Select AR VC Dm or MR VC Dm. The start point appears.

6. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

7. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

8. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

9. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

10.The measured value is fixed, and the vena contracta diameter is

shown on the Result window.

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2D mode calculations
The calculation labels may not be available in the measurement menu.
The system performs the calculations when the required measurements are
made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results
and transfers the values to the report.

Table 7-23 2D mode calculations

Calculation Description Required measurements

label
AO/LA Aortic Valve / Left Atrium Ao Dm, LA Dm
LA/AO Ratio
Left Atrium / Aortic Valve
Ratio
Area Length, Area Length method,
Simpson Simpson’s method of Disk
method volume LVLd, LVAd
EDV End Diastolic Volume LVLs, LVAs
ESV End Systolic Volume EDV, ESV
SV Stroke Volume EDV, ESV, HR
CO Cardiac Output EDV, ESV
EF Ejection Fraction EDV, ESV, BSA
SI Stroke Index EDV, ESV, HR, BSA
CI Cardiac Index Vol (Simp) or Vol (A-L), BSA
Vol-i Volume Index
Teichholz Teichholz method
EDV End Diastolic Volume LVIDd
ESV End Systolic Volume LVIDs
SV Stroke Volume EDV, ESV
CO Cardiac Output EDV, ESV, HR
EF Ejection Fraction EDV, ESV
FS Fractional Shortening LVIDd, LVIDs
SI Stroke Index EDV, ESV, BSA
CI Cardiac Index EDV, ESV, HR, BSA
LV(d, s) Mass Left Ventricular Mass IVSd(d, s), LVIDd(d, s),
LV(d, s) Left Ventricular Mass LVPWd(d, s)
Mass-c Calculator IVSd(d, s), LVIDd(d, s),
LVPWd(d, s), BSA
LV(d, s) Left Ventricular Mass Index IVSd(d, s), LVIDd(d, s),
Mass-i LVPWd(d, s), BSA

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Calculation Description Required measurements

7
label
LV Mass (T-E) Left ventricular mass using LVA Epi, LVA Endo, a, d

Measurements and Reports

a Truncated Ellipse
b Left Ventricular Short Axis LVA Endo
LV Mass (A-L) Radius LVA Epi, LVA Endo, LVL
Left ventricular mass using
t a Area-Length method LVA Epi, LVA Endo
Left Ventricular Myocardial
LV Mass Thickness LVA Epi, LVA Endo, LVL
LV Mass-i Left Ventricular Mass LVA Epi, LVA Endo, LVL, BSA
Left Ventricular Mass Index
PISA Proximal Isovelocity
Flow Rate Surface Area Radius, Aliasing Vel
Peak Instantaneous Flow
Rate

Define as:

 Area Length Method

EDV =(8/(3π))xLVAd² / LVLd

ESV =(8/(3π))xLVAs² / LVLs

 Simpson’s Method

 20
LVLd
EDV    (ai  bi ) 
4 i 1 20

 20
LVLd
ESV    (ai  bi ) 
4 i 1 20

ai : Radius of the i-th ellipse (2CH)

bi : Radius of the i-th ellipse (4CH)

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 Cardiology

 Teichholz Method
EDV= 7x(LVIDd³) / (2.4 + LVIDd)
ESV= 7x(LVIDs³) / (2.4 + LVIDs)
SV= EDV – ESV
CO= SVxHR
EF= (EDV - ESV) / EDV
FS= (LVIDd - LVIDs) / LVIDd
SI= SV / BSA
CI= CO / BSA

BSA is automatically calculated when you enter the height

and weight of a patient from the Patient Registration
NOTE screen.

LV Mass= 1.04x{(IVSd + LVIDd + LVPWd)³ - (LVIDd)³}

LV Mass-c= 0.8xLV mass+0.6
LV Mass-i= LV MASS / BSA

 PISA

Flow Rate= 2πxRadius²xAliasing Vel

When you select Aliasing Vel(edit) on the context

menu, you can edit the velocity value by entering it on the
NOTE color bar.

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 Cardiology

❚ AO/LA Ratio

7
1. Select the AV/LA folder on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select Ao Dm. The start point appears.

a. Move the marker to the start point using Trackball.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. The aortic valve diameter is fixed.

4. Select LA Dm.

5. Perform the measurement of the left atrium diameter in the same

manner (a-d).

6. When two diameter measurements are completed, the measured

value is fixed, and the ratio is shown on the Report or Mini Report
page.

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 Cardiology

❚ Left Ventricular Mass – Area Length Method

The followings are LV Mass measurements:

 LVAd Epi, LVAs Epi

 LVAd Endo, LVAs Endo

 LVLd, LVLs

1. Select LV Mass(A-L) folder on the context menu.

2. Select the LVAd Epi or LVAs Epi. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point and press the
Set key. The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

b. Use Trackball to create a trace of the epicardial area with the

second point and press the Set key. The measured value is fixed.

3. Select LVAd Endo or LVAs Endo.

4. Perform the measurement of the endocardial area in the same manner

(a-b).

5. Select LVLd or LVLs. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. When two area measurements and one diameter are completed, the
measured value is fixed, and the LV mass is shown on the Report or
Mini Report page.

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 Cardiology

M mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the cardiology
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurements and Reports

Table 7-24 M mode measurement

Measurement Description
AV/LA Aortic Valve/Left Atrium Package
RV Dm Right Ventricular Diameter
Ao Dm Aortic Diameter
ACS Aortic Cusp Separation
LA Dm Left Atrial Diameter
LVET Left Ventricle Ejection Time
LVPEP Left Ventricle Pre-Ejection Period
MV Mitral Valve Package
CE amp Amplitude E wave
CA amp Amplitude A wave
DE amp/slope Amplitude D wave / D-E point Slope
EPSS E Point Septal Separation
EF Slope E-F point Deceleration Slope
Teichholz (M) Left Ventricular Dimensions by Teichholz method
RWAWd Right Ventricle Anterior Wall -End Diastole
RVDd Right Ventricle Diameter - End Diastole
IVSd Interventricular Septum - End Diastole
LVIDd Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Diastole
LVPWd Left Ventricle - Posterior Wall - End Diastole
IVSs Interventricular Septum - End Systole
LVIDs Left Ventricle Internal Dimension - End Systole
LVPWs Left Ventricle Posterior Wall - End Systole
HR Heart Rate
LVET Left Ventricular Ejection Time

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 Cardiology

Measurement Description
PVe Pulmonary Vein Package
PVe Dm Pulmonary Vein Diameter
RV(M) Right Ventricle Package
RV Dm Right Ventricular Diameter – End Diastole
RVOT Dm Right Ventricular Outflow Track Diameter
RVET Right Ventricular Ejection Time
RVPEP Right Ventricular Pre-ejection Period

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Cardiology > M > Default Measurement.

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 Cardiology

❚ Diameter

7
The followings are distance measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 AV/LA – RV Dm, Ao Dm, ACS, LA Dm

 MV – CE amp, CA amp, EPSS

 PVe – PVe Dm

 RV – RV Dm, RVOT Dm

1. Select a distance measurement on the context menu. The start point

appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The measured value is fixed, and the distance measurement is shown

on the Result window.

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 Cardiology

❚ Time
The followings are time measurements:

 AV/LA, MV, Teichholz, RV – LVET, RVET

 AV/LA, RV - LVPEP, RVPEP

1. Select a time measurement on the context menu. The start point

appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and then press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears and the time
measurement is shown on the Result window.

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 Cardiology

❚ Slope

7
The followings are distance measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 MV – DE amp/slope, EF slope

1. Select the MV folder on the context menu.

2. Select DE amp/slope or EF slope. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

3. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

5. The oblique line is displayed and the slope is calculated. The slope
measurement is shown on the Result window.

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select the Teichholz (M) folder on the context menu.

2. Select HR. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

3. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

5. The heart rate between the two points is calculated, and the heart rate
is shown on the Result window.

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 Cardiology

❚ Left Ventricle – Teichholz Method

The followings are Teichholz measurements:

 Diastole – IVSd, LVIDd, LVPWd

 Systole – IVSs, LVIDs, LVPWd

1. Select the Teichholz(M) folder on the context menu.

2. Select Diastole or Systole. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the start point to the interventricular

septum.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key.

c. As you move Trackball, the second point and straight line appear
on the display.

d. Press the Set key. The first distance (IVSd or IVSs) measurement
is fixed.

3. Perform the measurement of the second (LVIDd or LVIDs) and third

(LVPWd or LVPWs) distance in the same manner (a-d).

4. When three length measurements are completed, the measured value

is fixed, and the left ventricle dimension is shown on the Result
window.

When you select Diastole or Systole, you can perform

the 3 lengths measurement with a straight line. When you
select IVS, LVID, or LVPW, you can perform the 1
NOTE
distance measurement.

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 Cardiology

M mode calculation

7
The calculation labels may not be available in the measurement menu. The
system performs the calculations when the required measurements are

Measurements and Reports

made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results
and transfers the values to the report.

Table 7-25 M mode calculations

Calculation Required
Description
label measurements
AO/LA Aortic Valve/ Left Atrium Ratio
Ao diam, LA diam
LA/AO Left Atrium/ Aortic Valve Ratio
Left Ventricular Systolic Time
LV STI LVPEP, LVET
Intervals
Right Ventricle/ Aortic Valve
RV STI RVPEP, RVET
Ratio
Amplitude A wave/ Amplitude E
CA/CE CA amp, CE amp
wave Ratio
Teichholz Method
Teichholz End Diastolic Volume LVIDd
EDV End Systolic Volume LVIDs
ESV Stroke Volume EDV, ESV
SV Cardiac Output EDV, ESV, HR
CO Ejection Fraction EDV, ESV
EF Fractional Shortening LVIDd, LVIDs
FS Stroke Index EDV, ESV, BSA
SI Cardiac Index EDV, ESV, HR, BSA
CI Left Ventricular Mass IVS(d, s), LVID(d, s),
LV(d, s) mass Left Ventricular Mass LVPW(d, s)
LV(d, s) Mass-c Calculator IVS(d, s), LVID(d, s),
LV(d, s) mass-I Left Ventricular Mass Index LVPW(d, s)
IVS(d, s), LVID(d, s),
mVcf Mean Velocity of LVPW(d, s), BSA
Circumferential Fiber LVIDd, LVIDs, LVET
Shortening

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 Cardiology

Define as:

LV STI= LVPEP/LVET

Teichholz Method

EDV= 7x(LVIDd³) / (2.4 + LVIDd)

ESV= 7x(LVIDs³) / (2.4 + LVIDs)

SV= EDV – ESV

CO= SV x HR

EF= (EDV - ESV) / EDV

FS= (LVIDd - LVIDs) / LVIDd

SI= SV / BSA

CI= CO / BSA

BSA is automatically calculated when you enter the height and

weight of a patient from the Patient Registration screen.
NOTE

LV Mass= 1.04x{(IVSd + LVIDd + LVPWd)³ - (LVIDd)³}

LV Mass-c= 0.8xLV mass+0.6

LV Mass-i= LV MASS / BSA

mVcf= (LVIDd-LVIDs)/(LVIDdxLVET)

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 Cardiology

D mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the cardiology
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurements and Reports

Table 7-26 D mode measurement

Measurement Description

MV Mitral Valve Package

E Dur Mitral Valve E wave Duration

A Dur Mitral Valve A wave Duration

IVRT Isovolumetric Relaxation Time

MV E pt Mitral Valve E point Velocity

MV A pt Mitral Valve A point Velocity

MV Acc Time Mitral Valve Acceleration Time and Slope

MV VTI Mitral Valve Velocity Time Integral

LVOT VTI Left Ventricular outflow Track Velocity Time Integral

MVA (PHT) Mitral Valve Area (Pressure Half Time)

LVET Left Ventricular Ejection Time

MV C-Odur Mitral Valve Close-Open Duration Time

MV Ea Vel Mitral Valve Ea point Velocity

HR Heart Rate

AV Aortic Valve Package

AV Vmax Aortic Valve Maximum Velocity

LVOT Vmax Left Ventricular outflow Track Maximum Velocity

AV VTI Aortic Valve Velocity Time Integral

LVOT VTI Left Ventricular outflow Track Velocity Time Integral

IVRT Isovolumetric Relaxation Time

HR Heart Rate

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 Cardiology

Measurement Description

TV Tricuspid Valve Package

TV VTI Tricuspid Valve Velocity Time Integral

TV Vmax Tricuspid Valve Peak Velocity

TV E pt Tricuspid Valve E point Velocity

TV A pt Tricuspid Valve A point Velocity

TV C-Odur Tricuspid Valve Close-Open Duration Time

RVET Right Ventricular Ejection Time

PV Pulmonary Valve Package

PV Vmax Pulmonary Valve Peak Velocity

PV VTI Pulmonary Valve Track Velocity Time Integral

PV Acc Time Pulmonary Valve Acceleration Time and Slope

RVOT VTI Right Ventricular outflow Track Velocity Time Integral

RVOT Vmax Right Ventricular outflow Track Maximum Velocity

RVET Right Ventricular Ejection Time

HR Heart Rate

PVe Pulmonary Vein Package

PVs1 Vel Pulmonary Vein Systolic Peak1 Velocity

PVs2 Vel Pulmonary Vein Systolic Peak2 Velocity

PVd Vel Pulmonary Vein Diastolic Peak Velocity

Pulmonary Vein Atrial Contraction Reversal Peak
PVa Vel Velocity

PVa dur Pulmonary Vein a wave Duration

AR Aortic Regurgitation

AI Decel Slope Aortic Regurgitant Flow Deceleration Time and Slope

AI PHT Aortic Regurgitant Flow Pressure Half Time

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 Cardiology

Measurement Description

7
AR VTI Aortic Regurgitant Flow Velocity Time Integral

Measurements and Reports

TR Tricuspid Regurgitation

TR VTI Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral

TR Vmax Tricuspid Regurgitation Peak Velocity

RAP (edit) Right Atrium Pressure Selection (edit)

PR Pulmonary Regurgitation

PR VTI Pulmonary Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral

PR Vmax Pulmonary Regurgitation Peak Velocity

PR Ved Pulmonary Regurgitation End Diastole Velocity

MR Mitral Regurgitation

MR Vmax Mitral Regurgitation Peak Velocity

dP/dt Rate of change of pressure over time

Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Aortic
PISA (AR) Regurgitation)

AR VTI Aortic Regurgitant Flow Velocity Time Integral

Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Mitral
PISA (MR) Regurgitation)

MR VTI Mitral Regurgitant Flow Velocity Time Integral

PISA(PR) Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Pulmonary

Regurgitation)
PR VTI Pulmonary Regurgitant Flow Velocity Time Integral

PISA(TR) Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (Tricuspid

Regurgitation)
TR VTI Tricuspid Regurgitant Flow Velocity Time Integral
Shunts Shunts
Systemic VTI Systemic Velocity Time Integral
Pulmonic VTI Pulmonic Velocity Time Integral

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Measurement Description
Systemic HR Systemic Heart Rate
Pulmonic HR Pulmonic Heart Rate

TDI Left Ventricle Tissue Doppler Imaging

MV E pt Mitral Valve E point Velocity
Ea Vel(m) Mitral Medial Annulus E point Velocity
Aa Vel(m) Mitral Medial Annulus A point Velocity
Sa Vel(m) Medial Tissue Systolic Velocity
Mitral Medial Annulus E wave Acceleration &
AR/DR(m)
Deceleration Time and Slope
Ea Vel(I) Mitral Lateral Annulus E point Velocity
Aa Vel(I) Mitral Lateral Annulus A point Velocity
Sa Vel(I) Lateral Tissue Systolic Velocity
Mitral Lateral Annulus E wave Acceleration &
AR/DR(I)
Deceleration Time and Slope
Ea VTI(m) Mitral Medial Annulus E point Velocity Time Integral
Aa VTI(m) Mitral Medial Annulus A point Velocity Time Integral
Ea VTI(l) Mitral Lateral Annulus E point Velocity Time Integral
Aa VTI(l) Mitral Lateral Annulus A point Velocity Time Integral
Ea Time(m) Mitral Medial Annulus E point Time
Aa Time(m) Mitral Medial Annulus A point Time

Ea Time(l) Mitral Lateral Annulus E point Time

Aa Time(l) Mitral Lateral Annulus A point Time
IVRT(m) Mitral Medial Annulus Isovolumic Relaxation Time
IVCT(m) Mitral Medial Annulus Isovolumic Contraction Time
IVRT(l) Mitral Lateral Annulus Isovolumetric Relaxation Time
IVCT(l) Mitral Lateral Annulus Isovolumic Contraction Time

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Cardiology > Doppler > Default Measurement.

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❚ Velocity

7
The followings are velocity measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 MV – MV E pt, MV A pt, MV Ea Vel

 AV – AV Vmax, LVOT Vmax

 TV – TV Vmax, TV E pt, TV A pt

 PV – PV Vmax, RVOT Vmax

 PVe – PVs1 Vel, PVs2 Vel, PVa Vel, PVd Vel

 TR – TR Vmax

 PR - PR Vmax, PR Ved

 MR - MR Vmax

 TDI - Ea Vel, Aa Vel, Sa Vel (m, l)

1. Select a velocity measurement on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity is shown on the Result
window.

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❚ Time
The followings are time measurements:

 MV – E Dur, A Dur, IVRT, LVET, MV C-Odur

 AV – IVRT

 TV – RVET, TV C-Odur

 PVe – Pva dur

 TDI – Ea Time, Sa Time (m, l)

 PV – RVET

1. Select time measurement on the context menu. The start point

appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears, and the time
measurement is shown on the Result window.

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❚ VTI

7
The followings are velocity-time integral measurements:

Measurements and Reports

 MV VTI, AV VTI, TV VTI, PV VTI

 LVOT VTI, RVOT VTI

 MR VTI, AR VTI, TR VTI, MR VTI

 Ea VTI, Aa VTI (m, l)

1. Select VTI on the context menu. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace the waveform one cycle.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The velocity-time integral is calculated, and the velocity-time integral

is shown on the Result window.

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❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated, and the heart rate
is shown on the Result window.

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The calculation labels may not be available in the measurement menu. The

7
system performs the calculations when the required measurements are
made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results

Measurements and Reports

and transfers the values to the report.

Calculation Required
Description
label measurements
MV Mitral Valve
MV E pt, MV A pt
E/A Mitral Valve E point /A point Ratio
MV VTI
MV Vmean Mitral Valve Mean Velocity
MV Vmax
MV PGmax Mitral Valve Maximum Pressure Gradient
MV Vmean
MV PGmean Mitral Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
MV PHT
MVA(PHT) Mitral Valve Area-Pressure Half Time
MV VTI, LVOT VTI,
MVA(VTI) Mitral Valve Area-Velocity Time
LVOT Dm
Integral
LVET, MV C-Odur
MV LVIMP Mitral Valve- Left Ventricle Index of
MV VTI, MV Dm
Myocardial Performance
MV VTI, MV Dm, HR
SV Stroke Volume
CO Cardiac Output
SV, BSA
SI Stroke Index
CO, BSA
CI Cardiac Index
MV E pt, MV Vmax
MV Annulus  Mitral Valve E point/Mitral Annulus Ea
Ea
E/Ea point Ratio

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Calculation Required
Description
label measurements
AV Aortic Valve
AV Vmean Aortic Valve Mean Velocity AV VTI
AV PGmax Aortic Valve Maximum Pressure AV Vmax
Gradient
AV PGmean Aortic Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
LVOT Vmean Left Ventricular outflow Track Mean AV Vmean
Velocity LVOT VTI
LVOT PGmax Left Ventricular outflow Track
Maximum Pressure Gradient
Left Ventricular outflow Track Mean LVOT Vmax
LVOT
PGmean Pressure Gradient
AVA(VTI) Aortic Valve Area-Velocity Time LVOT Vmean
Integral
AVA(Vmax) Aortic Valve Area- Maximum Velocity AV VTI, LVOT VTI,
LVOT Dm
AV Vmax, LVOT
Vmax, LVOT Dm
LVOT VTI, LVOT Dm
SV Stroke Volume LVOT VTI, LVOT
CO Cardiac Output Dm, HR
SI Stroke Index SV, BSA
CI Cardiac Index CO, BSA
Qp/Qs Pulmonary Valve Cardiac Output / CO (LVOT), CO
Aortic Valve Cardiac Output Ratio (RVOT)
Qp-Qs Pulmonary Valve Cardiac Output - CO (LVOT), CO
Aortic Valve Cardiac Output (RVOT)
TV Tricuspid Valve
TV Vmean Tricuspid Valve Mean Velocity TV VTI
TV PGmax Tricuspid Valve Maximum Pressure TV Vmax
Gradient
TV PGmean Tricuspid Valve Mean Pressure TV Vmean
Gradient
E/A Tricuspid Valve E point /A point Ratio TV E pt, TV A pt
RV IMP Tricuspid Valve-Right Ventricle Index LVET, TV C-Odur
of Myocardial Performance

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Calculation Required
Description

7
label measurements
PV Pulmonary Valve

Measurements and Reports

PV Vmean Pulmonary Valve Mean Velocity PV VTI
PV PGmax Pulmonary Valve Maximum Pressure PV Vmax
Gradient
PV PGmean Pulmonary Valve Mean Pressure PV Vmean
Gradient
RVOT Vmean Right Ventricular outflow Track Mean RVOT VTI
Velocity
RVOT PGmax Right Ventricular outflow Track RVOT Vmax
Maximum Pressure Gradient
RVOT Right Ventricular outflow Track Mean RVOT Vmean
PGmean Pressure Gradient
PVA(VTI) Pulmonary Valve Area-Velocity Time PV VTI, RVOT VTI,
Integral RVOT Dm
PVA(Vmax) Aortic Valve Area-Maximum Velocity PV Vmax, RVOT
Vmax, RVOT Dm
SV Stroke Volume RVOT VTI, PV Dm
CO Cardiac Output RVOT VTI, PV Dm,
HR
SI Stroke Index SV, BSA
CI Cardiac Index CO, BSA
Qp/Qs Pulmonary Valve Cardiac Output/ CO (LVOT), CO
Aortic Valve Cardiac Output Ratio (RVOT)
Qp-Qs Pulmonary Valve Cardiac Output - CO (LVOT), CO
Aortic Valve Cardiac Output (RVOT)

PVe Pulmonary Vein

PVs2/PVd Pulmonary Vein Systolic Peak2 PVs2, PVd
Velocity/Pulmonary Vein Diastolic
Peak Velocity Ratio

AR Aortic Regurgitation
AR PGmax Aortic Regurgitation Maximum AR Vmax
Pressure Gradient

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Calculation Required
Description
label measurements

TR Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation

TR Vmean Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Flow - TR VTI
Mean Velocity
TR PGmax Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Flow - TR Vmax
Maximum Pressure Gradient
TR PGmean Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Flow - TR Vmean
Mean Pressure Gradient
RVSP Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure TR Vmax, RAP(edit)
MR Mitral Regurgitation
MR PGmax Mitral Regurgitation Maximum MR Vmax
Pressure Gradient
dP/dt Mitral Regurgitation dP/dt derived dt
from velocity
PISA Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area Radius, Aliasing Vel,
EO Area Cardiovascular Orifice Area Vmax
Flow Vol Regurgitation Volume Flow EO Area, VTI
TDI Tissue Doppler Imaging
Ea/Aa Left Ventricular Early Diastolic Ea, Aa
Velocity / Atrial Systolic Velocity Ratio
E/Ea Mitral Valve E point/Mitral Annulus Ea MV E pt, Ea
point Ratio

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 Cardiology

Define as:

7
PGmax= 4V2

Measurements and Reports

MVA (PHT)= 220/MV PHT

MVA(VTI)= πx(LVOT Dm/2/10)2xLVOT VTI / MV VTI

AVA(VTI)= πx(LVOT Dm/2/10)2xLVOT VTI / AV VTI

LVIMP= (MV C-Odur – LVET) / LVET

RVIMP= (TV C-Odur – RVET) / RVET

RVSP= TR Vmax2x4 + RAP

dP/dt=32 / dtx1000

EO Area=2 πxRadius2xAliasing Vel / Vmax (Regurgitation flow)

Flow Vol= EO AreaxVTI (Regurgitation flow)

 Mitral Valve

SV= πxMV Dm2 / 4xMV VTI

 Aortic Valve

SV= πxLVOT Dm2 / 4xLVOT VTI

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 Cardiology

 Pulmonary Valve

SV= πxPV Dm2 / 4xPV VTI

CO= SVxHR
SI= SV / BSA
CI= CO / BSA

 Pressure Gradient – PGmax, PGmean

The maximum pressure gradient is calculated from a maximum velocity
using a velocity measurement method or from the tracing waveform.
The mean pressure gradient is calculated from the mean velocity using
the trace measurement method.

❚ Valve Area by Pressure Half Time (PHT)

1. Select the MVA(PHT) folder on the context menu.

2. Select PHT. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

3. Use Trackball to move the point to the e-wave velocity of the mitral
valve, and press the Set key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the point to the half point of the PHT, and
press the Set key again.

5. The measured value is calculated, and the mitral valve area is shown
on the Result window.

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 Cardiology

❚ Valve Area by the Continuity Equation (VTI)

7
You can measure the mitral valve area and aortic valve area by using the
velocity-time integral (VTI) of the Continuity Equation.

Measurements and Reports

1. During a Cardiology study in 2D mode, press the Freeze key to freeze
an image.

2. Use Trackball to scroll to the largest LVOT diameter.

3. Press the Measure key on the control panel.

4. Select the MV, AV, or PV folder on the context menu.

5. Select LVOT Dm or RVOT Dm. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key. The measured

value is fixed.

6. During a Cardiology study in D mode, freeze the Doppler spectrum.

7. Press the Measure key on the control panel.

8. Select the MV, AV, or PV folder on the context menu.

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 Cardiology

9. Select LVOT VTI or RVOT VTI. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the

waveform, and press the Set key. The end point appears.

b. Use Trackball to trace one cycle of the waveform.

c. To complete the measurement, press the Set key. The measured

value is fixed.

10.Perform the measurement of the second VTI (MV VTI, AV VTI, or PV

VTI) in the same manner (a-c).

11.After one diameter and two VTI are completed, the measured value is
calculated and the mitral or aortic valve area is shown on the Result
window, Report screen, and Mini Report screen.

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 Cardiology

❚ dP/dt

7
1. Select the MR folder on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select dP/dt. The start point appears.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

3. The horizontal line indicating regurgitation velocities of 1m/s and 3m/

s.

4. Move the marker to the start point using Trackball where the MR jet
intersects the reference line at a velocity of 1m/s, and then press the
Set key.

The end point appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point where the MR jet
intersects the reference line at a velocity of 3m/s, and then press the
Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the value for dP/dt is shown on the
Result window, Report screen, and Mini Report screen.

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Cardiology report
To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

The cardiology report has two sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

 BSA (Body Surface Area)

To edit the patient information, go to Patient Registration.

NOTE

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 Cardiology

Measurement information

7
 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made

Measurements and Reports

for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five and
the oldest value is automatically deleted.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the measurement value type, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Edit > Method.

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Electrocardiograph (ECG)
ECG is an optional function that provides physiological trace by obtaining
ECG signals. While scanning a cardiac image in M or Doppler mode, you can
view the systolic and diastolic point on the ECG line of the display. This
helps you study an image and perform a measurement correctly.

ECG cable
The optional ECG cable consists of two different cables: One end is for the
system cable, the other end is for the electrode cable. The electrode cable
has a three-pronged electrode connector for connecting to your patient’s
body.

There are two types of electrode cables. Depending on your country, the
colors and names defined on each cable connector may be different:

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 Cardiology

❚ Standard IEC(I) type: European standard

7
- L: Yellow-colored connector, means “Left arm”

Measurements and Reports

- R: Red-colored connector, means ““Right arm”

- F: Green-colored connector, means “Right leg”

❚ AHA(A) type: American standard

- RA: White-colored connector, means “Right arm”

- LA: Black-colored connector, means “Left arm”

- LL: Red-colored connector, means “Left leg”

Connecting an ECG cable

1. Connect the system cable into the ECG port on the lower right side of the
system.

2. Hook up 3 stick-on electrodes (disposable) to each connector of the

electrode cable until they click into place.

3. Attach the each connector of the electrode cable to the corresponding

body parts.

Activating ECG
1. On the control panel, press the System Preset key and go to User
Setting > Application > ECG Display.

2. Select the application you want.

3. Press the System Preset key to return to the scan screen.

4. On the scan screen, press the Active Mode key to activate ECG mode.

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 Cardiology

ECG optimization controls

In ECG mode, you can use the ECG options on the soft key menu of the
display. The following ECG options are available:

 Trig. Period: Set the cycle number of the ECG trigger.

 Sweep Speed: Change the speed of the ECG trace.
 Delay Time: Set the time delay of the ECG trigger.
 Time Trig.: Set to show a frozen image each time you specifed in Delay
Time.

If this option is activated, ECG Trig. is automatically set to

none.
NOTE

 ECG Trig.: Select an active ECG trigger. You can activate both two
triggers at the same time.
 ECG Display: Activate the ECG display.
 ECG Gain: Adjust the amplitude of the ECG trace.
 ECG Pos.: Adjust the vertical position of the ECG trace.

 ECG Invert: Invert the current ECG trace.

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 Vascular

Vascular measurements and calculations

7
Measurements and Reports
Vascular measurement preset
 Carotid
 Renal
 Aorta Iliac
 Mesenteric
 Upper Extremity
 Lower Extremity
 TCD
To select a measurement preset,

1. Select Measurement Preset on the context menu.

2. Select a measurement preset from the measurement preset list.

2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the vascular
report with measured result, when assigned.

Table 7-27 2D mode measurement (Vascular)

Measurement Description

R, L Carotid Carotid Artery Package - Right and Left

CCA Common Carotid Artery

ICA Internal Carotid Artery

ECA External Carotid Artery

Vert A Vertebral Artery

Subclav A Subclavian Artery

R, L Upper Extremity Upper Extremities Package- Right and Left

Subclav A Subclavian A

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 Vascular

Measurement Description

Brachial A Brachial Artery

Radial A Radial Artery

Ulnar A Ulnar Artery

R, L Lower Extremity Lower Extremities Package - Right and Left

CFA Common Femoral Artery

SFA Superficial Femoral Artery

PFA Profunda Femoral Artery

Pop A Popliteal Artery

PTA Posterior Tibial Artery

ATA Anterior Tibial Artery

Pero A Peroneal Artery

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Vascular > 2D > Default Measurement.

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 Vascular

To select a package measurement,

7
1. Select a package measurement folder.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select the desired measurement from the measurement list.

In each package measurement, you can use the following

measurements:

 Diameter (Diam)

 Area

 %Stenosis – Diameter (%Steno (Diam) and %Steno (Diam) dist)

 %Stenosis – Area (%Steno (Area))

 Pre-Stent Diameter (PreStent Diam)

 In-Stent Diameter (InStent Diam)

 Post-Stent Diameter (PostStent Diam)

 Auto IMT (IMT)

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 Vascular

❚ %Stenosis (Diameter)
1. Select %Steno (Diam) or %Steno (Diam) dist on the context
menu. The start point appears.

2. Measure the larger diameter (D1) of the stenosis using Trackball,

and press the Set key.

3. Measure the smaller diameter (D2) of the stenosis using Trackball,

and press the Set key.

4. The two diameters percent stenosis (%Steno(Diam)) are

automatically shown on the Result window.

ESCT method= (L-R)/Lx100%, N/ASCET method= (D-R)/Dx100%

 %Steno (Diam): Stenosis Local Gradient Diameter (%), ESCT

(European Carotid Surgery Trial) method

 %Steno (Diam) dist: Stenosis Distal Gradient Diameter (%), NASCET

(North American Symptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial) method

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 Vascular

❚ %Stenosis (Area)

7
1. Select %STA on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Measure the outer area (A1) of the stenosis using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

3. Measure the inner area (A2) of the stenosis using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

4. The two diameters percent stenosis (%Steno(Area)) are

automatically shown on the Result window.

IMT measurements
IMT allows you automatically to measure Intima-media thickness of the wall
in the carotid artery. When you place the start and end points in a line, the
system shows the mean, max, standard deviation and quality index.

You can use this feature only with linear transducer.

NOTE

For optimal recognition and results, it is recommended to follow the

conditions below:

 Acquire a central plane through the vessel

 Frequency range between 7 MHz and 12 MHz
 Imaging depth between 30 mm and 45 mm
 Optimize the gain control
 Minimize artifacts in the lumen of the vessel

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 Vascular

To perform an IMT measurement,

1. While scanning a carotid artery, press the Freeze key on the control
panel.

2. Press the Measure key and select IMT in the Labeled measurement
menu. The start point appears.

3. From the point of the arterial branch about 5 mm away, draw a straight
line of 10 mm by using Trackball. The end point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point, and press the Set
key.

5. The system calculates the measured value and shows the Mean, Max,
Distance, and QI on the Result window.

You can view more measurement information including

standard deviation in the Report or Mini report page.
NOTE

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 Vascular

To analyze an IMT measurement,

7
1. Click IMT Analysis on the Report page.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select a measurement graph from the graph list, or from the soft key
menu.

3. Set the measurement options by using the soft key menu (IMT
Measurement, Side, Location).

M mode measurements
These measurements display in the context menu and the vascular report
with measured result, when assigned.

 %Steno

 A/B Ratio

 HR

For more details on M mode measurements, see page 7-237.

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 Vascular

D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the vascular
report with measured result, when assigned.

To select a package measurement,

1. Select a package measurement folder.

2. Select a desired measurement from the measurement list.

In each package measurement, you can use the following measurements:

 PS

 ED

 MD

 PI

 RI

 TAmax

 Maximum Velocity (Vmax Pre, Vmax Intra)

 Stent Maximum Velocity (Vmax PreStent, Vmax InStent, Vmax

PostStent)

 Stent Minimum Velocity (Ved PreStent, Ved InStent, Ved PostStent)

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 Vascular

❚ Velocity

7
1. Select a labeled measurement for velocity on the context menu. The
vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each other.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity is shown on the Result
window.

❚ PS/ED Ratio
1. Select S/D Ratio on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first point (S) of the ratio using Trackball, and press the
Set key.

3. Measure the second point (D) of the ratio using Trackball, and press
the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (S) and S/D ratio are shown
on the Result window.

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 Vascular

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

1. Select PI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key. The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform, and press the Set
key.

4. The pulsatility index is calculated, and the pulsatility index (PI) is

shown on the Result window.

❚ Resistive Index (RI)

1. Select RI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The end point is fixed, and the resistive index is calculated. The
resistivity index (RI) is shown on the Result window.

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 Vascular

❚ Maximum Time-Average Velocity (TAmax)

7
1. Select TAmax on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace the maximum values of the desired portion for
the spectrum.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The maximum time-average is calculated. The maximum

time-average (TAmax) is shown on the Result window.

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 Vascular

D mode calculations
The calculation labels may not be available shown in the measurement
menu. The system performs the calculations when the required
measurements are made. The system also shows the calculated values in
the measured results and transfers the values to the report.
Calculation Required
Description
label measurements

PVR Peak Velocity Ratio VmaxIntra

VmaxPre
%STPVR Stenosis using the peak velocity ratio VmaxIntra
VmaxPre
SD Peak Systole Velocity/End diastole Velocity PS, ED
Ratio
ICA ED/CCA Internal Carotid Artery– End diastole
CCA (ED)
ED Velocity Ratio / Common Carotid Artery –
ICA (PS)
End diastole Velocity
ICA PS/CCA Internal Carotid Artery – Peak Systole
CCA (PS)
PS Velocity / Common Carotid Artery – Peak
ICA (ED)
Systole Velocity
Bulb PS/CCA Bulb – Peak Systole Velocity / Common Bulb (PS)
PS Carotid Artery – Peak Systole Velocity CCA (PS)
Bulb ED/CCA Bulb – End diastole Velocity Ratio / Bulb (ED)
ED Common Carotid Artery – End diastole CCA (ED)
Velocity

Table 7-28 D mode calculations

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Vascular > Doppler > Default Measurement.

Define as:

PVR = Vmax (Stenosis intra) / Vmax (Stenosis pre)

%Steno PVR = 1-(1/PVR)

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 Vascular

Vascular report

7
The vascular report has two sections of information:

Measurements and Reports

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

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Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five and
the oldest value is automatically deleted.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

Vascular summary
To start a summary,

- Select Summary on the context menu.

Patient information
 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

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 Vascular

Measurement information

7
On the Summary page, the result values are shown on the each side (left,

Measurements and Reports

right), if the measurement includes the both side values.

You cannot edit the result values on the Summary page.

NOTE

Calculation information
The calculation information is shown on the bottom of the Summary page.
The following information is available: ICA PS/CCA PS, ICA ED/CCA ED, Bulb
PS/CCA PS, Bulb ED/CCA ED

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 Urology

Urology measurements and calculations

Urology measurement preset

 Urology
 Bladder
 Scrotum

To select a measurement preset,

1. Select Measurement Preset on the context menu.

2. Select Urology, Bladder, or Scrotum from the measurement preset list.

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 Urology

2D mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the urology
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurements and Reports

Table 7-29 2D mode measurement (Urology)
Measurement Description

Renal L Renal Length

Renal Renal Volume

Renal L Renal Length

Renal H Renal Height

Renal W Renal Width

Bladder Bladder Volume

Bladder L Bladder Length

Bladder H Bladder Height

Bladder W Bladder Width

Testicle Testicle Volume

Testicle L Testicle Length

Testicle H Testicle Height

Testicle W Testicle Width

Prostate Prostate Volume

Prostate L Prostate Length

Prostate H Prostate Height

Prostate W Prostate Width

Renal Vol Renal Volume

Bladder Vol Bladder Volume

Testicle Vol Testicle Volume

Prostate Vol Prostate Volume

7-189
 Urology

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Urology > 2D > Default Measurement.

❚ Renal Volume (1)

You can measure the length, width, and height for the left and right
renal. Each measurement is a typical distance measurement made in the
appropriate scan plane.
1. Select the Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Renal folder, and then select Renal L, Renal H, or Renal
W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurement are completed, the
renal volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the renal volume (Rt or Lt Renal
Vol) is shown on the Result window.

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 Urology

❚ Renal Volume (2)

7
1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select Renal Vol. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

5. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the renal volume (Rt or Lt Renal
Vol) is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2) and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the renal volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Urology > Renal Vol > Edit Page.

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 Urology

❚ Bladder Volume (1)

You can measure the length, width, and height of the bladder. Length is
measured in the sagittal plane. Width and height are measured in the
axial plane.

1. Select the Bladder folder on the context menu.

2. Select Bladder L, Bladder H, or Bladder W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurements are completed, the
bladder volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the bladder volume (Bladder Vol) is
shown on the Result window.

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 Urology

❚ Bladder Volume (2)

7
1. Select Bladder Vol on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, press the Set
key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

4. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the bladder volume is shown on the
Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2), and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the bladder volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Urology > Bladder Vol > Edit
Page.

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 Urology

2D mode calculations

The calculation labels are not shown in the measurement

menu.
NOTE

The system performs the calculations when the required measurements are
made. The system also shows the calculated values in the measured results
and transfers the values to the report.

Required
Calculation label Description measurements

Prostatic Specific Antigen PSA

PSAD
Density Prostate Volume

Predicted Prostate  PPSA Coefficient (1)

PPSA(1)
Specific Antigen Prostate Volume

Predicted Prostate  PPSA Coefficient (2)

PPSA(2)
Specific Antigen Prostate Volume

Table 7-30 2D mode calculations

Define as:

PSAD = PSA / Prostate Vol

PPSA = Prostate Vol × PPSA Coefficient

If you enter the value of PSA and PPSA Coefficient on the

Urology Patient Registration, PSAD and PPSA are automatically
NOTE calculated.

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 Urology

❚ Prostate Volume (1)

7
You can measure the length, width, and height of the prostate. Length is
measured in the sagittal plane. Width and height are measured in the

Measurements and Reports

axial plane.

1. Select the Prostate folder on the context menu.

2. Select Prostate L, Prostate H, or Prostate W. The start point

appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurements are completed, the
prostate volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed. The prostate volume (Prostate Vol) and
calculations (PSAD and PPSA) are shown on the Result window.

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 Urology

❚ Prostate Volume (2)

1. Select Prostate Vol on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

4. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the prostate volume is shown on the
Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2), and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the prostate volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Urology > Prostate Vol > Edit
Page.

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 Urology

M mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the urology

Measurements and Reports

report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-31 M mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Urology > M > Default Measurement.

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced
NOTE MEAS. > HR cycle.

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 Urology

D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the urology
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-32 D mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Urology > Doppler > Default Measurement.

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 Urology

Urology report

7
The urology report has two sections of information:

Measurements and Reports

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

 PSA (Prostatic Specific Antigen Density)

 PPSA (Predicted Prostate Specific Antigen) Coefficient (1),(2)

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

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 Urology

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement

value, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

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 Pediatrics

Pediatrics measurements and calculations

7
Measurements and Reports
Pediatrics measurement preset
 Abdomen
 Hip joint

To select a measurement preset,

1. Select Measurement Preset on the context menu.

2. Select Abdomen or Hip Joint from the measurement preset list.

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 Pediatrics

2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the pediatrics
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

Ao Aorta

Renal L Renal Length

Renal Renal Volume

Renal L Renal Length

Renal H Renal Height

Renal W Renal Width

Renal Vol Renal Volume

Hip Hip Angle

Hip (BA) The system calculates and shows angles β and α.

Table 7-33 2D mode measurement (Pediatrics)

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Urology > 2D > Default Measurement.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Renal Volume (1)

7
You can measure the length, width, and height of the left and right renal.
Each measurement is a typical distance measurement made in the

Measurements and Reports

appropriate scan plane.

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Renal folder, and then select Renal L, Renal H, or Renal
W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurements are completed, the
renal volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed. The renal volume (Rt or Lt Renal Vol) is
shown on the Result window.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Renal Volume (2)

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select Renal Vol. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

5. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the renal volume (Rt or Lt Renal
Vol) is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2), and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the renal volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Pediatrics > Renal Vol > Edit
Page.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Hip Joint (BA)

7
The hip angle (α, β) between three lines is calculated. The first line is the
baseline. The second line establishes the beta angle (β). The third line

Measurements and Reports

establishes the alpha angle (α).

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Hip folder, and then select Hip(BA).

The first distance measurement (baseline) is already selected.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The baseline is completed.

5. Perform the measurement for the second (β) and third (α) distances.

6. When all of the three lines are measured, the hip angle is calculated.

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 Pediatrics

7. The measured value is fixed. The hip angles (Rt or Lt, Alpha and
Beta) are shown on the Result window.

 To define the baseline, point a and b.

 To define the α angle line, point c and d.

 To define the β angle line, point e and f.

M mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the pediatrics
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-34 M mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Pediatrics > M > Default Measurement.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

7
1. Select HR on the context menu. The start point appears.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced
NOTE MEAS. > HR cycle.

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 Pediatrics

D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the pediatrics
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

AO Aorta

Renal A Renal Artery

Hepatic A Hepatic Artery

IVC Inferior Vena Cava

Hepatic V Hepatic Vein

Mid HV Middle Hepatic Vein

MPV Main Portal Vein

PV Portal Vein

Splenic A Splenic Artery

Splenic V Splenic Vein

SMA Superior Mesenteric Artery

SMV Superior Mesenteric Vein

IMA Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Iliac A Iliac Artery

Iliac V Iliac Vein

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-35 D mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Pediatrics > Doppler > Default Measurement.

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 Pediatrics

To select a package measurement,

7
1. Select a package measurement folder.

Measurements and Reports

2. Select a desired measurement from the measurement list.

In each package measurement for Doppler mode, you can use the
following measurements:

 Peak Systole (PS)

 End Diastole (ED)

 Minimum Diastole (MD)

 S/D or D/S Ratio

 Pulsatility Index (PI)

 Resistive Index (RI)

 TAmax

 Acceleration

 Acceleration Time

To configure the default package measurement for Doppler

mode, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Pediatrics > Doppler
> Package measurement > desired default
measurements.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Peak Systole, End Diastole or Minimum Diastole (PS, ED, or MD)

1. Select PS, ED, or MD on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity (PS, ED, or MD) is
shown on the Result window.

❚ PS/ED or ED/PS Ratio

1. Select S/D or D/S Ratio on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first point (S or D) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

3. Measure the second point (D or S) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (S and D) and S/D or D/S
ratio are shown on the Result window.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

7
1. Select PI on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The pulsatility index is calculated, and the pulsatility index (PI) is

shown on the Result window.

❚ Resistive Index (RI)

1. Select RI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The end point is fixed and the resistive index is calculated. The
resistivity index (RI) is shown on the Result window.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Maximum Time-Average Velocity (TAmax)

1. Select TAmax on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. To trace the maximum value of the desired portion for the spectrum,
use Trackball.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The maximum time-average is calculated. The maximum

time-average (TAmax) is shown on the Result window.

❚ Acceleration (Accel.)
1. Select Accel on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The oblique line is displayed and the acceleration is calculated. The

acceleration (Accel) and the acceleration time (AT) are shown on the
Result window.

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 Pediatrics

❚ Acceleration Time (AT)

7
1. Select AT on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears. The acceleration
time (AT) is shown on the Result window.

Pediatrics report
The pediatrics report has two sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

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 Pediatrics

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement

value, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

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 Small Parts

Small parts measurements and calculations

7
Measurements and Reports
Small parts measurement preset
 Thyroid
 Testicle

To select a measurement preset,

1. Select Measurement Preset on the context menu.

2. Select Thyroid or Testicle from the measurement preset list.

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 Small Parts

2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the small parts
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

Thyroid Thyroid Volume

Thyroid L Thyroid Length

Thyroid H Thyroid Height

Thyroid W Thyroid Width

Testicle Testicle Volume

Testicle L Testicle Length

Testicle H Testicle Height

Testicle W Testicle Width

Thyroid Vol Thyroid Volume

Testicle Vol Testicle Volume

Table 7-36 2D mode measurement (Small parts)

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Small Parts > 2D > Default Measurement.

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 Small Parts

❚ Thyroid Volume (1)

7
You can measure the length, width, and height for the left and right
thyroid. The each measurement is a typical distance measurement made

Measurements and Reports

in the appropriate scan plane.

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Thyroid folder, and then select Thyroid L, Thyroid H, or

Thyroid W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurements are completed, the
thyroid volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the thyroid volume (Rt or Lt

Thyroid Vol) is shown on the Result window.

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 Small Parts

❚ Thyroid Volume (2)

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select Thyroid Vol. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

5. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the thyroid volume (Rt or Lt

Thyroid Vol) is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2), and
press the Clear key.
NOTE  To configure the thyroid volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Small Parts > Thyroid Vol > Edit
Page.

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 Small Parts

❚ Testicle Volume (1)

7
You can measure the length, width, and height of the scrotum. Length is
measured in the sagittal plane. Width and height are measured in the

Measurements and Reports

axial plane.

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select the Testicle folder, and then select Testicle L, Testicle H, or

Testicle W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurements are completed, the
testicle volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the testicle volume (Rt or Lt

Testicle Vol) is shown on the Result window.

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 Small Parts

❚ Testicle Volume (2)

1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select Testicle Vol. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

5. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the testicle volume (Rt or Lt

Testicle Vol) is shown on the Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2), and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the testicle volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > Small Parts > Testicle Vol > Edit
Page.

7-220
 Small Parts

M mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the small parts

Measurements and Reports

report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-37 M mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Small Parts > M > Default Measurement.

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced
NOTE MEAS. > HR cycle.

7-221
 Small Parts

D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the small parts
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-38 D mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Small Parts > Doppler > Default Measurement.

Small parts report

The small parts report has two sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

7-222
 Small Parts

Patient information

7
 ID

Measurements and Reports

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement

value, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

7-223
 Breast

Breast measurements and calculations

2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the breast
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description
Lesion Volume
Lesion
Measurements of the Left and Right
Lesion #1~5
Lesion.

Table 7-39 2D mode measurement (Breast)

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Small Parts > 2D > Default Measurement.

M mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the breast
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-39 M mode measurement (Breast)

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Breast > M > Default Measurement.

7-224
 Breast

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

7
1. Select HR on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced MEAS.
NOTE > HR cycle.

7-225
 Breast

D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the breast
report with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-40 D mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > Breast > Doppler > Default Measurement.

7-226
 Breast

Breast report

7
The breast report has two sections of information:

Measurements and Reports

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report function, see Report operations on page 7-40.

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

7-227
 Breast

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement

value, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

7-228
 Musculoskeletal (MSK)

MSK measurements and calculations

7
Measurements and Reports
The MSK measurement preset is not available in 2D mode.
NOTE

M mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the MSK report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-41 M mode measurement (MSK)

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > MSK > M > Default Measurement.

7-229
 Musculoskeletal (MSK)

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced
NOTE MEAS. > HR cycle.

7-230
 Musculoskeletal (MSK)

D mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the MSK report

Measurements and Reports

with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-42 D mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > MSK > Doppler > Default Measurement.

MSK report
The MSK report has two sections of information:

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

7-231
 Musculoskeletal (MSK)

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item. If you make more
than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement

value, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

7-232
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

EM measurements and calculations

7
Measurements and Reports
2D mode measurements
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the EM report
with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

Ao Aorta

Renal L Renal Length

Bladder Bladder Volume

Bladder L Bladder Length

Bladder H Bladder Height

Bladder W Bladder Width

Bladder Vol Bladder Volume

Table 7-43 2D mode measurement (EM)

To configure the default measurement for 2D mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > EM > 2D > Default Measurement.

7-233
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Aorta Diameter
1. Select AO on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

3. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

4. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

5. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

6. The measured value is fixed, and the aorta diameter (AO) is shown on
the Result window.

❚ Renal Length
1. Select Rt (right) or Lt (left) on the context menu.

2. Select Renal. The start point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

4. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

5. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

6. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

7. The measured value is fixed, and the renal length (Rt or Lt Renal) is
shown on the Result window.

7-234
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Bladder Volume (1)

7
You can measure the length, width, and height of the bladder. Length is
measured in the sagittal plane. Width and height are measured in the

Measurements and Reports

axial plane.

1. Select the Bladder folder on the context menu.

2. Select Bladder L, Bladder H, or Bladder W. The start point appears.

a. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point.

b. To fix the point, press the Set key. The end point, overlapping the
start point, appears.

c. Use Trackball to move the marker to the end point.

d. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

3. Perform the measurement of the second and third distance in the

same manner (a-d).

4. When the length, width, and height measurements are completed, the
bladder volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the bladder volume (Bladder Vol) is
shown on the Result window.

7-235
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Bladder Volume (2)

1. Select Bladder Vol on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point, and press the
Set key.

The first point is fixed, and the second point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the marker to the second point, and press the
Set key again.

The first distance is measured.

4. Measure the second and third distances in the same manner.

When three distances are measured, the volume is calculated.

5. The measured value is fixed, and the bladder volume is shown on the
Result window.

 When you measure one distance (D1) and press the

Clear key, the volume for D1 is calculated and shown
NOTE on the Result window. For the volume of two distance
(D2), measure one and two distances (D1, D2), and
press the Clear key.
 To configure the bladder volume method, press the
System Preset key and go to Measurement >
Labeled MEAS. > EM > Bladder Vol > Edit Page.

7-236
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

M mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the EM report

Measurements and Reports

with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

%Stenosis Two Diameters Percent Stenosis

A/B Ratio Two Diameters Ratio

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-44 M mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for M mode, press the

System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > EM > M > Default Measurement.

❚ %Stenosis (Diameter)
1. Select %Stenosis on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Measure the larger diameter (D1) of the stenosis using Trackball,

and press the Set key.

3. Measure the smaller diameter (D2) of the stenosis using Trackball,

and press the Set key.

4. The two diameters percent stenosis (%Steno(Diam)) are shown on

the Result window.

7-237
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ A/B Ratio (Diameter)

1. Select A/B Ratio on the context menu. The start point appears.

2. Measure the first diameter (A) of the ratio using Trackball, and press
the Set key.

3. Measure the second diameter (B) of the ratio using Trackball, and
press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated and two diameters ratio (A/B Ratio) are shown
on the Result window.

❚ Heart Rate (HR)

1. Select HR on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The heart rate between the two points is calculated. The heart rate
(HR) and time (T) are shown on the Result window.

To configure the heart rate cycle, press the System

Preset key and go to Measurement > Advanced
NOTE MEAS. > HR cycle.

7-238
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

D mode measurements

7
These measurements are shown in the context menu and in the EM report

Measurements and Reports

with measured result, when assigned.

Measurement Description

AO Aorta

Renal A Renal Artery

SMA Superior Mesenteric Artery

IMA Inferior Mesenteric Artery

IVC Inferior Vena Cava

Uterine A Uterine Artery

Ovarian A Ovarian Artery

Ves Vessel

HR Heart Rate

Table 7-45 D mode measurement

To configure the default measurement for Doppler mode, press

the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled
NOTE MEAS. > EM > Doppler > Default Measurement.

7-239
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

To select a package measurement,

1. Select a package measurement folder.

2. Select the desired measurement from the measurement list.

In each package measurements for Doppler mode, you can use the
following measurements:

 Peak Systole (PS)

 End Diastole (ED)

 Minimum Diastole (MD)

 S/D or D/S Ratio

 Pulsatility Index (PI)

 Resistive Index (RI)

 TAmax

 Acceleration

 Acceleration Time

To configure the default package measurement for Doppler

mode, press the System Preset key and go to Measurement
NOTE > Labeled MEAS. > EM > Doppler > Package
measurement > a default measurement.

7-240
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Peak Systole, End Diastole or Minimum Diastole (PS, ED, or MD)

7
1. Select PS, ED, or MD on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

3. The measured value is fixed, and the velocity (PS, ED, or MD) is
shown on the Result window.

❚ PS/ED or ED/PS Ratio

1. Select S/D or D/S Ratio on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Measure the first point (S or D) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

3. Measure the second point (D or S) of the ratio using Trackball, and

press the Set key.

4. The ratio is calculated. The two velocities (S, D) and S/D or D/S ratio
are shown on the Result window.

7-241
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Pulsatility Index (PI)

1. Select PI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to manually trace the waveform.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The pulsatility index is calculated, and the pulsatility index (PI) is

shown on the Result window.

❚ Resistive Index (RI)

1. Select RI on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again. The
end point is fixed.

4. The resistive index is calculated, and the resistivity index (RI) is

shown on the Result window.

7-242
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Maximum Time-Average Velocity (TAmax)

7
1. Select TAmax on the context menu.

Measurements and Reports

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move the marker to the start point of the waveform,
and press the Set key.

The end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to trace the maximum value of the desired portion for
the spectrum.

4. To complete the measurement, press the Set key.

5. The maximum time-average is calculated, and the maximum

time-average (TAmax) is shown on the Result window.

❚ Acceleration (Accel.)
1. Select Accel on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The oblique line is displayed and the acceleration is calculated. The

acceleration (Accel) and the acceleration time (AT) are shown on the
Result window.

7-243
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

❚ Acceleration Time (AT)

1. Select AT on the context menu.

The vertical line and the horizontal line are perpendicular to each
other.

2. Use Trackball to move to the point of intersection, and press the Set
key.

The start point is fixed, and the end point appears.

3. Use Trackball to move the point, and press the Set key again.

4. The time interval between the two points appears. The acceleration
time (AT) is shown on the Result window.

7-244
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

EM report

7
The EM report has two sections of information:

Measurements and Reports

 Patient information

 Measurement information

To start a report,

- Press the Report key on the control panel.

- Select Report on the context menu.

For report functions, see Report operations on page 7-40.

Patient information

 ID

 Name

 Age

 Sex

 Exam date

 Referring MD

To edit the patient information, go to Patient

Registration.
NOTE

7-245
 Emergency Medicine (EM)

Measurement information

 Value: The measured value. If more than one measurement was made
for an item, the system uses the specified method (average,
maximum, minimum, or last) to determine this value. See also
Editing a report on page 7-40.

 1 ~ 5: The five measurement values for each item are available. If you
make more than five measurements, the report uses the last five.

 Method: This specifies the method used to calculate the measurement

value listed in the value column. The method options are Last, Aver,
Max, or Min.

To configure the default method for the measurement

value, press the System Preset key and go to
NOTE Measurement > Labeled MEAS. > Edit > Method.

7-246
8 Transducer and Biopsy
This chapter provides the transducer overview and biopsy
preparations.

 Transducer Overview

 Biopsy Special Concerns

 Preparing for Biopsy

8-1
 Transducer Overview

The E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system supports 15 types of transducers as follows:

 SC1-6  L3-12H

 C1-6  L3-8

 SP1-5  L3-12HWD

 SP3-8  SC1-6H

 L3-12  E3-10H

 E3-10  EN3-10

 SVC1-6  SC1-4H

 VC1-6

Most of them have a state of art in transducer technology such as single crystal
transducers, composite transducers, and real-time 4D transducers.

SC1-6

Figure 8-1 Transducer: SC1-6

➀ Type: Convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity single crystal transducer

➂ Application: Abdomen, OB/GYN, Emergency Medicine (EM)

➃ Number of elements: 128

➄ Nominal frequency: 4.0 MHz

8-2
 Transducer Overview

C1-6

8
Transducer and Biopsy
Figure 8-2 Transducer: C1-6

➀ Type: Convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: Abdomen, OB/GYN, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 128
➄ Nominal frequency: 3.5 MHz

SP1-5

Figure 8-3 Transducer: SP1-5

➀ Type: Phased array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity single crystal transducer
➂ Application: Abdomen, Cardiac, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 64

➄ Nominal frequency: 3.0 MHz

8-3
 Transducer Overview

SP3-8

Figure 8-4 Transducer: SP3-8

➀ Type: Phased array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity single crystal transducer
➂ Application: Abdomen, Cardiac, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 64

➄ Nominal frequency: 5.0 MHz

L3-12

Figure 8-5 Transducer: L3-12

➀ Type: Linear array

➁ Key feature: Short pulse length and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: Breast, Musculoskeletal (MSK), Emergency Medicine (EM),
Vascular, Small Parts

➃ Number of elements: 128

➄ Nominal frequency: 8.5 MHz

8-4
 Transducer Overview

E3-10

8
Transducer and Biopsy
Figure 8-6 Transducer: E3-10

➀ Type: Endo vaginal array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: OB/GYN, Urology, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 128

➄ Nominal frequency: 6.5 MHz

SVC1-6

Figure 8-7 Transducer: SVC1-6

➀ Type: Volume convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity single crystal transducer
➂ Application: Abdomen, OB/GYN, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 128
➄ Nominal frequency: 3.5 MHz

8-5
 Transducer Overview

VC1-6

Figure 8-8 Transducer: VC1-6

➀ Type: Volume convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: Abdomen, OB/GYN, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of Elements: 128
➄ Nominal Frequency: 3.5 MHz

L3-12H

Figure 8-9 Transducer: L3-12H

➀ Type: Linear array

➁ Key feature: Short pulse length and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: Breast, Musculoskeletal (MSK), Emergency Medicine (EM),
Vascular, Small Parts

➃ Number of elements: 192

➄ Nominal frequency: 8.5 MHz

8-6
 Transducer Overview

L3-8

8
Transducer and Biopsy
Figure 8-10 Transducer: L3-8

➀ Type: Linear array

➁ Key feature: Short pulse length and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: Vascular, Breast, Musculoskeletal (MSK), Emergency Medicine
(EM), Small Parts

➃ Number of elements: 128

➄ Nominal frequency: 5.0 MHz

L3-12HWD

Figure 8-11 Transducer: L3-12HWD

➀ Type: Linear array

➁ Key feature: Short pulse length and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: Breast, Musculoskeletal (MSK), Emergency Medicine (EM),
Vascular, Small Parts

➃ Number of elements: 192

➄ Nominal frequency: 8.5 MHz

8-7
 Transducer Overview

SC1-6H

Figure 8-12 Transducer: SC1-6H

➀ Type: Convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity single crystal transducer

➂ Application: OB/GYN, Abdomen, Emergency Medicine (EM)

➃ Number of elements: 192

➄ Nominal frequency: 4.0 MHz

E3-10H

Figure 8-13 Transducer: E3-10H

➀ Type: Micro-convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: OB/GYN, Urology, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 192
➄ Nominal frequency: 6.5 MHz

8-8
 Transducer Overview

EN3-10

8
Transducer and Biopsy
Figure 8-14 Transducer: E3-10H

➀ Type: Micro-convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity transducer
➂ Application: OB/GYN, Urology, Emergency Medicine (EM)
➃ Number of elements: 192
➄ Nominal frequency: 6.5 MHz

SC1-4H
SC1-4H

Figure 8-15 Transducer: SC1-4H

➀ Type: Convex array

➁ Key feature: Broadband and high sensitivity single crystal transducer

➂ Application: Abdomen, OB/GYN, Emergency Medicine (EM)

➃ Number of elements: 192

➄ Nominal frequency: 3.5 MHz

8-9
 Transducer Overview

Transducer features
Feature Speckle
Harmonics Reduction Virtual Spatial
Multi-beam Biopsy 4D Easy 3D
(THI) Imaging Convex Compounding
Model
(SRI)

SC1-6 O O O O X X X O

C1-6 O O O O X X X O

SP1-5 O O O X X X X X

SP3-8 O O O X X X X X

L3-12 X O O O X X O O

E3-10 X O O O X X X O

SVC1-6 O O O X O O X O

VC1-6 O O O X O O X O

L3-12H X O O O X X O O

L3-8 X O O O X X O O

L3-12HWD X O O O X X O O

SC1-6H O O O O X X X O

E3-10H X O O O X X X O

EN3-10 X O O O X X X O

SC1-4H O O O O X X X O

Table 8-1 Transducer feature

8-10
 Transducer Overview

Transducer applications

8
Feature Musculo- Emergency
Obstetrics Gynecology Small
Abdomen Cardiac Urology Vascular Breast skeletal Medicine
(OB) (GYN) Parts
Model (MSK) (EM)

Transducer and Biopsy

SC1-6 O O O O

C1-6 O O O O

SP1-5 O O O

SP3-8 O O O

L3-12 O O O O O

E3-10 O O O O

SVC1-6 O O O O

VC1-6 O O O O

L3-12H O O O O O

L3-8 O O O O O

L3-12HWD O O O O O

SC1-6H O O O O

E3-10H O O O O

EN3-10 O O O O

SC1-4H O O O O

Table 8-2 Transducer application

8-11
 Biopsy Special Concerns

Precautions concerning the use of biopsy

8
procedure

Transducer and Biopsy

WARNING
 Do not freeze the image during a biopsy procedure. The
image must be live to avoid a positioning error. Biopsy
guidezones are intended to assist the user in determining
optimal transducer placement and approximate the
needle path. However, actual needle movement is likely
to deviate from the guideline. Always monitor the relative
positions of the biopsy needle and the subject mass
during the procedure.
 Biopsy procedures should not be used for In vitro
fertilization (IVF), Chronic villus sampling (CVS), and
Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS).

CAUTION  The use of biopsy devices and accessories that have not
been evaluated for use with this equipment may not be
compatible and could result in injury.
 The invasive nature of biopsy procedures requires proper
preparation and technique to control infection and
disease transmission. Equipment must be cleaned as
appropriate for the procedure prior to use.

- Follow the transducer cleaning and disinfection

procedures and precautions to properly prepare the
transducer.

- Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the cleaning of

biopsy devices and accessories.

- Use protective barriers such as gloves and transducer

sheaths.

- After use, follow proper procedures for decontamination,

cleaning, and waste disposal.

8-12
 Biopsy Special Concerns

 Improper cleaning methods and the use of certain

8
CAUTION
cleaning and disinfecting agents may cause damage to
the plastic components that will degrade imaging
performance or increase the risk of electric shock. For

Transducer and Biopsy

details, see Transducer Safety Information on page
11-8.
 A biopsy must only be performed by physicians with
adequate experiences under all circumstances the
necessary safety precautions and sterility measures have
to be respected.

8-13
 Preparing for Biopsy

The biopsy guidezone display

8
The biopsy guidezone represents a path of the needle. Colored markers in
each dotted guideline show the actual increments in the area of the

Transducer and Biopsy

anatomy.

 Yellow marker is represented by 1 cm increment of the needle depth.

 Blue marker is represented by 5 cm increment of the needle depth.

When Enable 0.5cm markers in Image Preset is selected,

each yellow maker represents 0.5 increment.
NOTE

The display should be carefully monitored during a biopsy for any needle
deviation from the center line and the guidezone. The biopsy guidezone
appears along with image adjustments such as image invert, rotation,
zoom, and depth change.

Figure 8-16 Biopsy guidezone

8-14
 Preparing for Biopsy

Preparing the biopsy guide attachment

8
The each transducer (Convex, sector, and linear transducers) has the
optional biopsy guide attachment. The guide consists of a non-disposable

Transducer and Biopsy

bracket to attach to the transducer, disposable needle clip to attach to the
bracket, sheath, coupling gel, and disposable needle guide. The disposable
needle guides are available for a variety of needle sizes.

 Please refer to the manufacturer's instructions included in

the biopsy kit.
 The supported transducers are SC1-6, C1-6, L3-12, E3-10,
NOTE
L3-12H, L3-8, SC1-6H, E3-10H, EN3-10, and SC1-4H.

The following table shows the multi-angle biopsy guide availability for
transducers.

Multi Angle 1 Angle 2 Angle 3

Transducer -angle (Target (Target (Target
support depth) depth) depth)
42.1° 30.0° 23.0°
SC1-6 O
(4 cm) (7 cm) (10 cm)
42.1° 30.0° 23.0°
C1-6 O
(4 cm) (7 cm) (10 cm)
62.4° 52.7° 44.4°
L3-12 O
(1.5 cm) (2.3 cm) (3.2 cm)
1.0°
E3-10 X - -
(4 cm)
62.4° 52.7° 44.4°
L3-12H O
(1.5 cm) (2.3 cm) (3.2 cm)
62.4° 52.7° 44.4°
L3-8 O
(1.5 cm) (2.3 cm) (3.2 cm)
42.1° 30.0° 44.4°
SC1-6H O
(4 cm) (7 cm) (3.2 cm)
1.0°
E3-10H X - -
(4 cm)

8-15
 Preparing for Biopsy

Multi Angle 1 Angle 2 Angle 3

Transducer -angle (Target (Target (Target
support depth) depth) depth)
1.0°
EN3-10 X - -
(4 cm)
42.1° 30.0° 23.0°
SC1-4H O
(4 cm) (7 cm) (10 cm)
Table 8-3 Multi-angle biopsy guide

8-16
 Preparing for Biopsy

Assembling the multi-angle biopsy guide

8
DO NOT attempt to use the biopsy bracket and needle guide
until the manufacturer's instructions, provided with the biopsy

Transducer and Biopsy

bracket and needle guide in the kit, have been read and
WARNING
thoroughly understood.

1. Scan the patient and identify the target for biopsy. Move the transducer
to locate the target to the center of the image. Enable the system biopsy
guidezone and try guidezone angles 1 to 3 to decide the best angle
setting for the needle path.

2. Prepare the appropriate biopsy guide bracket by matching the transducer

label on the bracket with the transducer to be used.

8-17
 Preparing for Biopsy

3. Orient the guide bracket toward the orientation mark of the transducer,
and then attach the bracket by sliding it over the end of the transducer
until it clicks in place.
Convex transducer Linear transducer

Depending on the transducer you are using, attaching the

guide bracket may be different. Refer to the manufacturer’s
NOTE instruction included in the biopsy kit.

4. Pull out the knob to release the needle guide attachment.

5. Move the needle guide attachment to a desired angle position (angle 1,

2, or 3) and push the knob down to secure the angle position.

Hold the bracket in place on the transducer when pushing

the knob to secure the angle position of the needle guide
attachment. Excessive force may cause the bracket to
CAUTION
release from the transducer.

8-18
 Preparing for Biopsy

6. Spread the coupling gel thoroughly on the transducer surface.

8
Transducer and Biopsy
7. Cover the transducer and biopsy bracket with a sanitary sheath. Use the
rubber bands to tighten the sheath.

8. Snap the needle clip onto the biopsy guide bracket.

8-19
 Preparing for Biopsy

9. Push the locking mechanism towards the bracket to secure the lock.
Make sure that the needle guide is firmly attached to the bracket.

10.Select a desired size of the needle barrel from the plastic tree. Twist the
needle barrel back and forth to remove it.

11.Place the needle barrel into the needle clip until it clicks into place.

Before performing a biopsy, ensure that all guide parts are

seated properly.
CAUTION

8-20
 Preparing for Biopsy

Biopsy procedure

8
 Biopsy procedure must be performed on a live image to avoid
positioning error.

Transducer and Biopsy

 Before starting a biopsy, make sure that all patient
WARNING
information is entered and the study is saved.

When the biopsy guide assembly is completed, perform the following biopsy
procedure.

1. Scan an image. When you find a target image, place the target in the
middle of the guidezone.

Enabling Color flow mode would allow for visualization of

vascular structure around the area to take a biopsy.
NOTE

2. When the target image is prepared, press the Biopsy key once, twice, or
three times on the QWERTY keyboard that corresponds to the selected
angle. The biopsy guidezone appears on the display.

- Press the key once for angle 1.

- Press the key twice for angle 2.

- Press the key three times for angle 3.

Ensure that the selected angle on the biopsy guide

corresponds to the selected guide line of the guidezone.
CAUTION

3. Place the needle in the guide line between the needle barrel and the
needle clip. Direct it into the area of interest.

To configure the biopsy guidezone settings, press the Image

Preset key and go to General.
NOTE

8-21
 Preparing for Biopsy

Releasing the needle

After performing a biopsy, release the needle from the attached biopsy
guide of the transducer by following the procedure.

1. Push down the sleeve of the needle clip.

The needle is released from the assembly.

2. Pull out the needle from the needle clip of the transducer.

8-22
9 Preset
This chapter provides the preset features that you can configure
the default settings of your system.

 System Preset

 Image Preset

9-1
 System Preset

In each preset menu, you can configure different default settings for its submenus.

Preset menu Description

Customize the system configurations such as general
System settings, control panel, peripheral, patient info, and
monitor calibration.
Annotation Customize the comment and body pattern settings.
Customize the labeled measurement for each study and
Measurement
create a new measurement and OB table.
User Setting Customize the user-defined settings.
Connectivity Customize the DICOM device and service.
Create a user ID, activate the service browser, and view
Administration
the option information.
Back up and restore data, and perform full backup for
Back up/Restore
image data.
Table 9-1 System preset menu

After changing some preset menus, you may need to reboot the
system.
NOTE

9-2
 System Preset

General usage

9
To enter the System Preset menu,

1. Press the System Preset key on the control panel.

Preset
2. To scroll though the current page, press the Navigate soft key.

3. To exit the menu, press the System Preset, Exit, or 2D key.

To change the settings in System Preset,

1. Press the System Preset key on the control panel. The General screen
appears.

2. Select a desired menu from the left side of the display.

3. Use Trackball to select the menu tab you want.

4. Change the settings for the selected menu.

5. When you are finished, click Save to save the changes.

6. Click Exit to return to Scan mode.

 To restore the settings on the current menu screen, click

Factory Default.
 To restore all settings of the system preset, click Factory
NOTE
Default All.

9-3
 System Preset

System
The System menu contains the following submenus:

 General
 Control Panel
 Peripheral
 Patient Info
 Monitor

General
The General menu allows you to configure the general system settings
such as hospital, time and date, and screen saver.

❚ Organization
 Hospital: Enter a hospital name.
 Department: Enter a department name.
 Logo Path: Import a hospital logo to be shown on the top of the
display.

9-4
 System Preset

To import a hospital logo from a USB drive,

9
1. Insert a USB drive that stores a hospital logo to the system.

2. Click … to find the file path.

Preset
3. When the file selection dialog box appears, select the logo file you
want.

4. Click OK.

 The supported file formats are BMP, PNG, and JPG only.
 You may not import a hospital logo from a CD or DVD.
NOTE

❚ Location

 Language: Change the display language.

After changing the language, you need to reboot the

system.
NOTE

 Unit: Change the measurement unit (Metric or US).

9-5
 System Preset

❚ Power Off
 Power Off: Set how the system powers off when you press the
Power On/Off key.

- Shutdown dialog: Set to show the shutdown dialog box.

- Immediately: Set to power off immediately.

❚ Monitor
 Enable screen saver: Set to activate Screen saving mode.
 Delay: Specify the time of inactivity.

❚ Date / Time
 Date Format: Select a desired date format.
 Time Format: Select a desired time format.

To change the current date and time,

1. Click Date / Time under Time Format.

2. Click the Date & Time tab and change the current date and time.

Figure 9-1 Date & Time

9-6
 System Preset

3. Click the Time Zone tab and select your time zone.

9
To set Daylight Savings Time (DST), select the Automatically adjust
clock for daylight saving changes check box.

Preset
Figure 9-2 Time zone

4. Click OK to save the changes.

❚ Transducer
 Default Port: Select a default transducer port when the system
powers on.

❚ Monitor Info
 Size: Set the monitor size to use.

9-7
 System Preset

Control Panel
The Control Panel menu provides options for trackball and the control
panel keys.

❚ Trackball
 Trackball Travel Speed: Change the trackball speed (Slow, Medium,
Fast).

 Trackball Cine Speed: Change the speed for scrolling through CINE
sequences (Slow, Medium, Fast).

❚ Key
 Application: Select a default application that is used for the selected
function on freezing.

 Active Function on Freeze 2D: Select a function (Cine,

Measurement, Body pattern, Arrow) to be activated after freezing an
image in 2D mode. The selected function automatically activates when
you press the Freeze key.

 Active Function on Freeze M: Select a function (Cine, Measurement,

Body pattern, Arrow) to be activated after freezing an image in M
mode. The selected function automatically activates when you press
the Freeze key.

 Active Function on Freeze D: Select a function (Cine, Measurement,

Body pattern, Arrow) to be activated after freezing an image in
Doppler mode. The selected function automatically activates when you
press the Freeze key.
 Backlight Intensity: Set the brightness of the key backlight (High,
Low, Off).

 CCW Focus Control: Set to operate the Focus key when you rotate
the key counter-clockwise.

 CCW Depth Control: Set to operate the Depth key when you rotate
the key counter-clockwise.

❚ Audio
 ‘Beep’ sound only when the ‘Print, P1, P2’key are Pressed: Set
to play a beep when you press the Print, P1, and P2 keys.

9-8
 System Preset

Peripheral

9
The Peripheral menu provides peripheral options for VCR, standard printer,
and RS232C port.

Preset
To configure the printer key function, go to User Setting >
Print/Foot Switch.
NOTE

❚ VCR
 Video Format: Select a video format (NTSC or PAL).
 VCR: Select a VCR type.

❚ Standard Printer( Report Only )

 Default Printer: Select a default standard printer that is used for
printing reports and images.

 Printer Paper: Select a printing paper for the default printer.

 Refresh: Set the system to automatically refresh the printer list when
you add a new printer. Select this option after installing a new printer
is completed.

❚ Printer Setting
 Add Printers...: Add a new printer driver via USB serial port or
Ethernet interface. Selecting this option activates Windows Add Printer
wizard.

 Cleanup Printer Jobs in Queue When System Bootup: Set to clear

all printer jobs in queue when your system reboots.

 : Click the setting icon to manage the printer list.

❚ RS232C
 COM: Select a RS232C port setting, DVR Control or Transfer
Measurement.

9-9
 System Preset

Patient Info
The Patient Info preset provides useful options related to patient
management and E-view, and allows you to configure the patient banner
display option.

❚ Patient Information
 Hide Patient Information: Select to hide patient information on
patient banner.
 Patient Banner Line1: Select the patient information to display
patient banner line1 from the drop-down list.

 Patient Banner Line2: Select the patient information to display

patient banner line2 from the drop-down list.

❚ Patient Package Option

 Auto ID Generation: Set the system to automatically create a new
patient ID when you select New Patient.

 Auto Logon: Set the system to log on automatically.

 Auto Search for Patient: Set the system to automatically search for
the patient data when you enter the first letter of a patient ID in the
Patient ID field.
 Auto Archiving Patient Data: Set the system to save the current
patient data to archive automatically.

 Use Birthdate: Set the system automatically to enter an age when

you enter a patient’s birthdate.

 Default Layout: Select a default image layout.

❚ Archive Option
Select an archive to be used for saving data when you select End Study.
You can also add and remove a DICOM service such as DICOM storage
and DICOM print.

The default archive “Local Archive” cannot be deleted.

NOTE

9-10
 System Preset

Monitor

9
You can adjust the display pattern using gray bars and color bars. After the
monitor adjustment, you need to check your peripherals. To adjust the
monitor, see Adjusting the Monitor on page 2-5.

Preset
Figure 9-3 Gray & Color bars

After adjusting the monitor settings, you may need to verify

the peripheral functions, such as standard printer and DVR.
NOTE

9-11
 System Preset

Annotation
The Annotation menu allows you to specify body pattern/text options and
to define body pattern/text libraries on the context menu. The following
menus are available: General, Body Pattern, and Text.

General
The General menu allows you to configure the text and body options.

❚ Text Preset
 Font Color: Select a font color for comment.
 Font Size: Select a font size (Small, Medium, or Large).
 Arrow Size: Select an arrow size (Small, Medium, Large, or X Large).
 Keep arrow’s head position when trackball is moving: Set to fix
the arrow’s head position when you move Trackball. When this option
is not selected, the arrow’s head position changes with the movement
of Trackball.

 Erase Text when image is unfrozen: Set to erase all comments on

the display when you press the Freeze key to return to Scan mode.

 Erase Text when changing Transducer or Exam: Set to erase all

comments on the display when you change the transducer or study.

 Erase Text when entering M mode or PW mode: Set to erase all

comments on the display when you enter M mode or PW mode.

 Add Text in a row before complete: Set to add comments in a row

until you press the Set key.

 Erase Text when entering Dual or Quad mode: Set to erase all
comments on the screen when the display is changed to the dual or
quad layout screen.

 Select the ‘Word Grab’ to move a group of words in the screen:

Set to select text by a group of words. When this option is not
selected, text is selected by a word.

9-12
 System Preset

 Keep the Arrow mode when Set button is pressed: Set to leave
an arrow mark at the position where you press the Set key.

9
 Turn off Auto-Complete when entering Text mode: Set to
automatically deactivate Auto-Complete function when you enter Text
mode.

Preset
❚ Body Pattern Preset
 Erase bodypattern when image is unfrozen: Set to erase the body
pattern on the display when you press the Freeze key to return to
Scan mode.

 Erase body pattern when changing Transducer or Exam: Set to

erase the body pattern on the display when you change the transducer
or study.

 Copy to active side in multiple image: Set to copy the body pattern
on the selected image in the dual or quad layout screen.

 Set as default position when Bodypattern is moved: Set to show

the last position movement of the body pattern when you press the
Move Pattern soft key.

 Activate Probe marker when Bodypattern is selected: Set to

activate the transducer marker when you enter the Body Pattern
menu.
 Erase bodypattern when pressing Clear key: Set to erase the
saved body patterns when you press the Clear key in Scan mode.

9-13
 System Preset

Body Pattern
The Body Pattern menu allows you to define and change body pattern
libraries. The left side of the body pattern menu shows all available body
pattern libraries, and the right side shows the specific body patterns for the
selected library.

For each library, you can define up to 3 columns with 10 rows. Once you
have defined body patterns for a library, they are shown on the context
menu of the Body Pattern menu.

To specify the default library per each preset, go to User

setting > Annotation.
NOTE

To add a body pattern,

1. Select the library you want to add a body pattern from the library list.

2. Use Trackball to select a body pattern, and press the Set key twice or
click Add.

The body pattern is shown on the bottom of the library.

3. To change the position of the body pattern, select the body pattern and
click Up/Down/Left/Right.

4. Click Save to save the changes.

9-14
 System Preset

To delete a body pattern,

9
1. Select the library you want to delete a body pattern from the library list.

2. Use Trackball to select a body pattern, and press the Set key.

Preset
3. Click Delete to delete the body pattern.

4. Click Save to save the changes.

To change the location of a body pattern,

1. Select the library you want from the library list.

2. Use Trackball to select a body pattern, and press the Set key.

3. Click Up, Down, Left, or Right to change the location of the body
pattern.

4. Click Save to save the changes.

Text
The Text menu allows you to change and define the text libraries. The left
side of the Text menu shows all available text libraries, and the right side
shows the specific text for the selected library. For each library, you can
define up to one column with twenty three rows. The defined text is shown
on the context menu of Text mode.

To add a text,

1. Select the library you want from the library list.

The system shows all texts saved in the library.

2. Use Trackball to select a text, and press the Set key.

The text is shown on the bottom of the library.

3. To change the text position, select the text and click Up or Down.

4. Click Save to save the changes.

9-15
 System Preset

To create a new text,

1. On the New Text field, press the Set key.

2. Enter a new text and click Add.

The new text is shown on the bottom right of the library.

To delete a text,

1. Select the library you want from the library list.

2. Use Trackball to select a text and press the Set key.

3. Click Delete to delete the text.

4. Click Save to save the changes.

To change the text location,

1. Select the library you want from the library list.

2. Use Trackball to select a text and press the Set key.

3. Click Up or Down to change the text location.

4. Click Save to save the changes.

9-16
 System Preset

Measurement

9
The Measurement menu allows you to specify measurement and
calculation preset.

Preset
General
The General menu allows you to define the cursor and result window
settings.

❚ General
 Repeat Measurement: Set to repeat the measurement.
- Repeat: The selected measurement on the context menu is
repeated.

- None: The measurement is not repeated.

- Default Measurement: The basic measurement is repeated (e.g.

Distance).

 Tissue Depth display(2D,M): Set to show the tissue depth (depth

from the transducer surface) when moving the measurement cursor in
2D or M mode.

9-17
 System Preset

❚ Caliper
 Caliper Type: Select a caliper type (Number or Symbol).

 Caliper Size: Select a caliper size (Normal or Large).

 Caliper Color: Select a color for the fixed measurement cursor.
 Caliper Line Width: Select a line width of the caliper (Thin, Normal,
or Thick).

 Ellipse cross line display: Set to show the cross line for ellipse.
 Caliper line display: Set to show the caliper line when measurement
is completed.

❚ Result Window
 Format: Select a window format (Wide or Narrow).
 Direction: Select a window direction (Top down or Bottom up).
 Font Size: Select a font size (Small, Medium, or Large).
 Font Color: Select a font color.
 Position 2D: Select a default position of the result window in 2D
mode (Left Top, Left Bottom, Right Top, or Right Bottom).

 Position TimeLine: Select a default position of the result window in M

and PW modes (Left Top, Left Bottom, Right Top, or Right Bottom).
 Transparency: Set to show the window background transparent or
opaque.

9-18
 System Preset

Basic MEAS.

9
The basic measurement preset shows all settings for the basic
measurement in each application. Depending on the application, available
settings may vary. You can define the basic measurement and default

Preset
method for each basic measurement. You can control basic measurement by
using the soft keys in each measurement mode.

1. Select a measurement application.

2. Select a measurement mode (2D, M, or Doppler mode). The basic

measurement entries of the selected measurement mode appear on the
table.

The order of the basic measurement is the same as on the

soft key menu.
NOTE

3. Specify Default Measure Key Sequence.

For example) OB1, M mode: Select 2 Sequences (Distance, Time) or 3

Sequences (Distance, Time, Slope).

4. When you select Distance, Time for 2 Sequences, the distance caliper
will be shown by pressing the Measure key once. The time caliper will be
shown by pressing the Measure key twice.

9-19
 System Preset

Labeled MEAS.
This preset menu shows all settings for the labeled measurement. You can
control labeled measurement using the context menu in the measurement
mode.

1. Select a measurement application from the drop-down list.

2. Select a measurement mode (2D, M, or Doppler mode).

3. All of the available measurement lists appears on the left of the

measurement window. The default measurements are shown on the
context menu.

4. To add a measurement to the context menu, select a measurement from

the Available Measurement list and click Add.

5. To delete a measurement from the context menu, select a measurement

from the Default Measurement list and click Delete.

6. To change the order of a measurement from the context menu, select a

measurement from the Default Measurement list and click Up or
Down.

7. To enable automatic sequence measurement, select Auto Sequence.

You can change the author in the OB measurement.

NOTE

9-20
 System Preset

❚ Creating a new measurement

9
To create a new measurement entry,

1. Click New Measurement.

Preset
2. Specify the following measurement information.

 Measurement Name: Enter a measurement name. Make sure that

the measurement name is unique.
 Measurement Type: Select a measurement type among Distance,
Area, Angle, Volume, and Disk volume from the drop-down list.
 Caliper Type: Select a caliper type from the drop-down list.
 Parameter: Set to show Parameter, Parameter Type, Unit, Precision
and Method. You can modify Unit, Precision and Method by changing
them from the drop-down list.

Depending on the measurement mode, available

measurement types and caliper types may differ.
NOTE

3. After creating a new measurement, the Available Measurement

window appears.

9-21
 System Preset

❚ Creating a new calculation

To create a new calculation on a defined measurement,

1. Click New Calculation.

2. Enter a calculation name.

3. Select a parameter from the parameter list and click << to add. You
can see your parameter on the Formula field.

4. Select an operator from the Operator list and click << to add. You can
see your operator on the Formula field.

Use only available parameters and operators to make your

own formula.
NOTE

5. When you complete the formula, click Check to verify that the syntax
is correct.

6. Select Average Type, Display Unit, and Display Precision on the

list for the output.

7. To save the settings and return to the previous window, click OK.

9-22
 System Preset

❚ Editing a measurement

9
To edit the customized measurement,

1. Select a measurement from the list and click Edit or double-click the
measurement.

Preset
The Edit Measurement window appears on the screen.

2. Add or change the calculation by using New Calculation and Edit

Calculation, and then change Unit, Precision and Method for report.

3. Click OK to save your changes.

The default measurements cannot be edited.

NOTE

❚ Editing a calculation
To edit the customized calculation,

1. Select a caluation and click Edit Calculation.

The Edit Calculation window appears on the screen.

2. Change the formula and output format such as Method, Unit, and
Precision.

3. Click OK to save your changes.

9-23
 System Preset

❚ Deleting a measurement
To delete a measurement entry,

1. Select a created measurement from the Available Measurement

window.

2. Click Del.Measurement.

❚ Deleting a calculation
To delete a calculation,

1. Select a measurement from the list.

2. Click Del.Calculation.

The default measurements cannot be edited or deleted.

NOTE

❚ Setting up the automatic sequence for EFW

The automatic sequence feature allows you to perform EFW
measurements in sequence.

1. Press the System Preset key and go to Measurement > Labeled

MEAS.

2. Select an OB application from the Available Measurement list.

3. Select an EFW folder and click Add.

4. Double-click the selected measurement.

5. Select the Auto Sequence check box on the top of the Default
Measurement list.

9-24
 System Preset

OB MEAS.

9
This menu allows you to define default OB presets such as OB type and OB
graph. You can also register a user-defined OB table.

Preset
❚ General
 OB Type: Select an OB type (USA, Europe, Tokyo, Osaka or ASUM)
from the drop-down list for the measurement and calculation. The
default measurement list may differ depending on the selected OB
type.

 Default US Age Type(Hadlock): Select CUA (Composite Ultrasound

Age) or AUA (Average Ultrasound Age).

 Table Type (Hadlock): Select Hadlock82 or Hadlock84 for OB table.

 OB Graph Single: Select EFW or Last for displaying OB graph as
default.
 Add 1 Week to EDD: Set to add additional week to estimated the
date of delivery.

❚ Calculations
 EFW GP: Select Hadlock, Brenner, or Williams to calculate EFW GP
(Estimated Fetal Weight Growth Percentile).
 EFW Formula: Select Hadlock, Campbell, Hansmann, Merz, Osaka,
Persson, Schild, Shepard, Shinosuka1, Shinosuka2, Shinosuka3, or
Tokyo.

 EFW (Hadlock Method): Select (HC, AC), (AC, FL), (AC, BPD), (AC,
BPD, FL), (AC, FL, HC), or (AC, BPD, FL, HC).

 EFW Unit: Change the measurement unit for EFW.

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 System Preset

❚ Creating a new OB table

1. Click New Table.

2. Enter an author name.

Author name always should be unique.

NOTE

3. Select options in the Biometry and Ref. Author fields.

4. Select Fetal Age or Fetal Growth.

5. When you selected Biometry and Ref. Author, the pre-defined

values are shown on the table, and you can edit the table value. When
you selected None from Ref. Author, the table will be reset.

6. Select SD Format for a deviation type.

7. Select Input Unit for input and Output Unit for output.

8. Enter Min, Max, and Interval for range. The system creates default
values on the table automatically. For the other options, you can
manually enter or edit the values.

9. To enter the value, move the cursor to the desired field and press the
Set key.

- To move the row, click  or . You can also press the Enter key to
move to the next row.

- To move to the column, click  or .

10. To add additional line, click Insert.

11. To delete a line, click Delete.

12. To clear all values, click Clear All.

13. When you are finished, click OK to save your changes.

9-26
 System Preset

For example)

9
To create a table,

1. Select AC in the Biometry field.

Preset
2. Select Hansmann in the Ref. Author field.

3. Enter “TEST” in the Author field.

4. Select Fetal Age or Fetal Growth for table type.

5. After creating a new table, you can assign “TEST” as the default
author on the Labeled MEAS. tab. You can also change TEST author
on the report page.

Figure 9-4 Creating an OB table

9-27
 System Preset

❚ Editing an OB table
Once you have created your own table, you can edit the table by clicking
Edit Table. You can only edit the table values, not the table type. The
editing table procedure is the same as New Table.

The default tables and equations cannot be edited.

NOTE

❚ Creating a new OB equation

1. Click New Equation.

2. Enter an author name.

Author name should always be unique.

NOTE

3. Select an option in the Biometry field.

4. Select Fetal Age or Fetal Growth for equation type.

5. To make a formula, select formula components from the Inputs and

Operators fields, and enter a formula in the formula field.

6. Click Check to test the formula. If there are no errors, the “Syntax
OK!” appears. If any error occurs on the formula, an error message
appears in the formula field.

7. Specify the input range for the Min and Max fields.

8. Click OK to save your changes.

9-28
 System Preset

❚ Available operators for equation

9
The following table shows available operators for using equation.

Operator Definition

Preset
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
() Parenthesis
^ Caret
sqrt Square root
pi Pi
log Logarithm
ln Natural logarithm
exp Exponential
abs Absolute value

Table 9-2 Equation operator

❚ Edit Equation
Once you have created your own equation, you can edit the equation by
selecting Edit Equation. The editing equation procedure is the same as
New Equation.

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 System Preset

Advanced MEAS.
The Advanced MEAS. menu allows you to define application parameters,
especially the Doppler measurement.

❚ Application Setting
 HR Cycle: Select a heart rate cycle (1-10).
 Default Location: Select a default location for the selected
application (Off, Prox, Mid, or Dist).

 Default Side: Select a default side (Left or Right).

 Keep Result Window: Set to show the previous results of the
measurements you performed on the Result window (Auto/On/Off). If
you select Auto, the previous result for volume measurement is shown
on the Result window. If you select On, the previous result for labelded
measurement is shown on the Result window.

 PI Calc Method: Select a parameter (ED or MD) to calculate PI

(Pulsaltility Index).

 RI Calc Method: Select a parameter (ED or MD) to calculate RI

(Resistivity Index).

❚ Modify Calcs
 Manual Trace: Select the measurements to perform the manual
calculation for the selected application.

 Auto Trace: Select the measurements to perform the automatic

calculation for the selected application.

To set up the Auto trace direction, Auto trace method, and

Auto trace sensitivity, go to Image Preset > General.
NOTE

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 System Preset

User Setting

9
The User Setting menu allows you to configure application specific setting
and to configure programmable keys such as Print, P1, P2, user-defined

Preset
keys, and hot key.

Application
The Application menu allows you to specify the default application to be
shown when the system starts up. You can also configure the default
settings of transducer.

Annotation
The Annotation menu allows you to specify the default body pattern library
to be shown in the Body Pattern menu. You can also specify the default
text library to be shown when you use comments.

Measurement
The Measurement menu allows you to specify the default package
measurement to be shown when you use the measurement.

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 System Preset

User Defined Key

The User Defined Key menu allows you to specify user-defined keys. To
assign functions onto numeric keys (0-9), select the Enable Hot Key check
box and assign a key function. The following table shows the functions that
you can assign for available keys.

Key
User key (1~3) Number key (0~9)
Function Key

Power Preset O O

Biopsy Guide O X

Spatial Compound O O

SRI O O

Auto Calc On/Off O O

Virtual Convex Image O O

Full D O O

Full M O O

U/D Flip O O

L/R Flip O X

Rec/Pause O O

Clear All O X

Transducer Port 1~3 O O

Quick ID O X

Initial O X

Eject O X

DVR O X

End Exam O X

Table 9-3 User-defined key

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 System Preset

9
*Power Preset allows you to quickly change the transducer
and its preset.
NOTE

Preset
You can also switch the certain keys for your convenience. Select one of the
following check boxes to switch the key functions.

 Switch the Cursor and Set Keys: Switch the key function between the
Cursor key and Set key.
 Switch Single(Dual) and P1(P2): Switch the key function between the
Single key and P1 key, or between the Dual key and P2 key.

Print/Foot Switch
The Print/Foot Switch menu allows you to define the optional footswitch
and the print keys.

To assign print keys,

1. Select a print key (Print, P1, or P2) on the upper side of the display.

2. Select the device you want to add under the device category on the left
side of the page.

3. Click >> on the middle of the display.

4. To configure the multiple devices to the each print key, select devices as
many as you want from the corresponding device categories.

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 System Preset

❚ Print key functions

You can set the print keys to perform the following functions.

1. Store Format: Set the print key to save an image to the clipboard.
When you press the Print key, the current image is moved to the
clipboard. The image format depends on the saving option and current
status (live or frozen).

Option Descriptions
Select a saving area (Whole Screen, Diagnostic,
Store Area
or Full Diagnostic).
Select an image frame option: Single or
Multiple. Single means capture a DICOM single
Image Frames frame image, Multiple means capture DICOM
multi-frame for CINE (if PACS supports
multi-frame, select it)

Table 9-4 Store format option

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 System Preset

2. Standard Printer: Set the print key to print the image via the

9
standard printer. You can also print an image via other printers.

Option Descriptions

Preset
Select a printing direction (Landscape or
Printer Direction
Portrait).
Select a printing area (Whole Screen,
Printer Area
Diagnostic, or Full Diagnostic).
Select a printing quality (Default, Low,
Printer Quality
Medium, or High).
Printer Paper Select a printer paper.
Set to print an image or the background in
Enable Video Invert
black.
Hide image parameter Set to print an image with the image
when image printed parameter hidden.

Table 9-5 Print option

3. DICOM Send: Set the print key to send an image to a DICOM device.
To configure the DICOM settings, go to System Preset >
Connectivity > Storage or Print.

9-35
 System Preset

❚ Footswitch functions
To assign functions for the each pedal of the footswitch, select a function
from the corresponding list (Right, Center, Left). The following
functions are available:

 Print
 P1
 P2
 Freeze
 Rec/Pause

Connectivity
The Connectivity preset allows you to configure the network connection and
DICOM protocols. DICOM is an abbreviation of Digital Imaging and
Communications in Medicine. This is a standard protocol for handling,
storing, printing, and transmitting information in medical imaging. Using the
DICOM option, you can send or print images after connecting the system
and PACS.

 DICOM is an optional service. To use this service, you need

DICOM installation.
NOTE  To enter the connectivity screen, you must log in as an
administrator.

9-36
 System Preset

General

9
The General menu allows you to set up Internet protocol. You need a
separate IP address for your system.

Preset
To set up Internet Protocol, contact your hospital’s network
administrator.
NOTE

1. Enter a computer name in the Computer Name field.

2. If necessary, select a device name in the Device Name field.

3. Enter an Application Entity (AE) title in the AE Title field.

4. Enter a port number of your system in the Port No field.

5. Specify the following IP address settings:

 DHCP: Select the DHCP option for a dynamic IP address.

This option may not be appropriate for using the

diagnostics and DICOM functions.
NOTE

 Use Following IP Address: Select this option to use a static IP

address.

- IP Address: Enter an IP address.

- Subnet Mask: Enter the subnet mask.

- Default Gateway: Enter the default gateway address.

- Network Speed: Select the network speed.

 Cleanup DICOM Spooler jobs in Queue when System Bootup:

Set to delete all DICOM jobs in queue when system reboots.

6. Click Save to save the changes.

7. Reboot your system.

9-37
 System Preset

Commonly used service parameters

There are certain parameters that may need to be set up for each service.
The parameters are described on the following service.

 DICOM Storage
 DICOM Storage Commitment
 DICOM Print
 DICOM Worklist
 DICOM MPPS

❚ Setting
 Name: Enter a description for each service.
 AE Title: Enter the Application Entity (AE) title of this service.
 Port No: Enter a port number of the service.
 Retry: Enter a maximum number of retry when the system fails to
connect to a destination device.

 Retry Interval(s): Set the time interval of retry.

 Timeout(s): Set the period of timeout when the retry connection is
over.

9-38
 System Preset

❚ Verify

9
1. Select a destination.

2. Click Verify to start verification. When the verification is completed,

Preset
the one of the following icons is shown.

Icon Description

Successfully connected

Failed in connection

In progress

Table 9-6 DICOM verification

❚ View
View allows you to view the connectivity architecture of your system such
as configured DICOM service and network structured tree.

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 System Preset

Storage
The Storage menu allows you to send images with DICOM standard format
to view or interpret in PACS. In this menu, you can add, edit, and remove a
DICOM storage service and configure the service properties.

To add a DICOM storage device,

1. Click New.

2. Enter a name of the DICOM storage device in the Destination field.

3. Enter a device’s IP address in the IP Address field.

4. Enter the Application Entity (AE) title for a device in the AE Title field.

5. Enter a port number in the Port No field.

6. Click Verify to confirm the connection.

To remove a DICOM storage device,

1. Select the destination name that you want to remove.

2. Click Remove.

3. Press the Save soft key.

❚ Properties
 Format: Select a format for saving CINE images in the DICOM storage
(SecondaryCapture, Single Frame, Multi Frame).
 Enable Structure Reporting: Set to send a report with images.
 Compression: Select a default compression type.
 Quality: Select a default image quality.
 Commitment: Set to receive notification from PACS when a study has
been transferred successfully. When this option is enabled, you can
specify the following information:

- Properties: Select an associated storage.

- Accepter: Specify the accepter’s settings such as AE title, port

number, and timeout.

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 System Preset

Network Storage

9
The Network Storage menu allows you to customize options for sending
backup data to Shared directory. You can add and edit a network storage
device.

Preset
To add a network storage device,

1. Click New.

2. Enter a name of the network storage device in the Destination field.

3. Enter a shared directory path for the device in the Shared Dir field.

4. Enter an ID of the device in the ID field.

5. Enter a password of the device in the Password field.

6. Select a device that is connected to the intra network driver.

7. Click Verify to verify the network connection.

To delete a network storage device,

1. Select the destination name that you want to delete.

2. Click Remove.

3. Press the Save soft key.

9-41
 System Preset

Print
The Print menu provides an ability to send and receive ultrasound image
data via DICOM printers.

❚ Properties
 Format: Select a printing format that determines the number of
images to be printed out in one page.

 Priority: Select the printing job priority (High, Medium, or Low).

 Medium: Select a printing medium (Clear Film, Paper, or Blue Film).
 Copies: Select the number of copies.
 Orientation: Select a printing direction (Landscape or Portrait).
 Film Size: Select the dimensions of the film size such as 81N x 101N
and 101N x 121N.
 Film Destination: Select the film destination (film Magazine,
magazine Processor, film Processor).

 Magnification: Select how the print magnifies the image to fit it onto
the film.

- REPLICATE: Interpolate pixels are copied of adjacent pixels.

- BILINEAR: Interpolate pixels are created by bilinear interpolations

between the adjacent pixels.

- CUBIC: Interpolate pixels are created by cubic interpolations

between the adjacent pixels.

- NONE: No interpolation

 Trim: Set to show the trim box around images on the film (YES or
NO).

 Empty Image: Set how to show empty images (Black or White).

 Color: Select a color type (Color or Grey).
 Min Density: Enter the minimum density level of the film.
 Max Density: Enter the maximum density level of the film.
 Config. information: Enter a name of the specified image quality
setting.

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 System Preset

 Film Session Label: Enter an organization name to be shown on the

film label.

9
 Smoothing Type: Select the printer’s magnification interpolation for
the output.

Preset
 Border: Select a border area between the images of the film (Black or
White).

Worklist
The Worklist menu provides a list of patients sorted by query parameters.
The Search Criteria allows you to define specific search parameters for the
system to use when querying the patient archive.

❚ Setting
 Set as Default Worklist: Set the default worklist.
 Full Screen Worklist: Set the worklist of Patient Browser in full
screen.

❚ Search Criteria
 DICOM Tag: Select information type that you want to define for
search parameters such as Modality and Referring Physician’s name.
 Value: Enter the value of the selected tag item.
 Add to list: Add tag and value to the list of search criteria.
 Remove: Remove tag and value to the list of search criteria.
 Clear: Clear all tags from the list.

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 System Preset

MPPS
The MPPS menu provides a notifying function that the procedure
information of the current study is transferred to PACS while performing a
study.

Administration
The Administration menu contains the following submenus:

 Service
 Users
 Options
 System Info

Service
To activate the service browser, click Service Station. The Windows login
screen appears.

For more information, see the Service Manual.

9-44
 System Preset

Users

9
The Users menu allows you to define the user settings.

To create a user ID,

Preset
1. Click New.

2. Enter a user ID in the ID field. You can enter up to 16 characters.

3. Click OK to save your settings.

 Use alphanumeric keys only for the user ID. Do not enter
symbols such as asterisk (*), question mark (?), and slash 
NOTE (/).
 After saving, you can edit all information except for the user ID.

To delete a user ID,

1. Select a user ID from the user list by using Trackball.

2. Click Delete.

3. Click Yes to save the changes.

To change the password,

1. Select a user ID from the user list by using Trackball.

2. Click Password.

3. Enter the current password in the Old Password field.

4. Enter a new password in the New Password field.

5. Enter the new password again in the Confirm field.

6. Click OK to save the changes.

9-45
 System Preset

Options
The Options allows you to view the status of optional functions that require
license keys to be installed. The followings show the current status of the
selected function.

 Demo.: The option is activated for a certain period that the

manufacturer specified.

 Activated: The option is activated for 3 months after the activation.

 Invalid: The option is not installed.
 Permanent: The option is installed permanently.
To add or delete a license key, go to Service Station.

System Info
You can view the current software and hardware versions of your system.

9-46
 System Preset

Backup / Restore

9
The Backup / Restore menu allows you to back up and restore the user
data. The following submenus are available:

Preset
 User Backup
 Image Backup
 Full Backup
You can select a storage medium (CD, DVD, USB flash drive, USB hard disk,
and network stroage) to perform the backup.

To save images permanently, avoid using the local hard disk.

Regularly back up the image archive to a removable media.
NOTE

Follow the suggested backup procedure in the manual.

ALPINION MEDICAL SYSTEMS does not have the responsibility
CAUTION for data recovery caused by the user’s carelessness.

9-47
 System Preset

User Backup
You can use a CD, DVD, and USB flash drive for user preset backup.

User Backup allows you to back up the each preset data. To select all
user-defined presets, select the User Defined Configuration check box.

 Image Preset: Set to back up or restore the Image preset only.

 Service: Set to back up or restore the Service preset only.
 Measurement: Set to back up or restore the Measurement preset only.
 Annotation: Set to back up or restore the Text and Body Pattern preset
only.
 Connectivity: Set to back up or restore the Connectivity preset only.
 Others: Set to back up or restore other presets such as System and User
settings.

To back up the user preset data,

1. Select a medium.

2. Insert a blank medium properly on your system.

3. Select the user preset you want to back up.

4. Click Backup to start backup. The backup procedure begins.

5. After the backup is completed, the last backup time and date appear next
to the preset category.

9-48
 System Preset

To restore the user preset data,

9
Make sure that the software version of the data is the same as
the system’s software version. If NOT, you may not perform the

Preset
NOTE restoration.

1. Insert a medium on your system.

2. Select the user preset(s) you want to restore.

3. Click Restore to start restoring. The restore procedure begins.

Image Backup
You can perform image backup using a storage medium. Select your
memory storage such as CD, DVD, USB flash drive, USB hard disk, and
network staroge.

 While restoring Image Archive data, some existing database

may be overwritten on the local hard disk and you may not
CAUTION be able to restore the old data. Make sure that you use the
appropriate medium before the restoration proceeds.
 Before restoring Image Archive, make sure that the software
version is the same or compatible with the current system.
The system may not proceed restoring if the version is
different.
 Do NOT turn the system off while backup is in progress. You
may lose your image data.

Use Import on Patient Browser to restore image data.

NOTE

9-49
 System Preset

❚ Media
 Media: Select your default storage medium. Available mediums are
CD, DVD, USB flash drive, USB hard disk, and network storage.

 Media Capacity: Select the medium capacity. The system calculates

the number of backup CDs that you need before performing the
backup and informs you.

❚ Image Archive Option

 Backup period: Specify the starting and ending date to back up
patient data for a certain period.
 Image Move after Backup: Set to remove the backup image file
after backup is completed.

 Verification after CD burning: Verify your patient data in a CD or

DVD after burning the CD or DVD.

 Finalization of CD/DVD: Set to finalize a CD or DVD after backup is

completed.
 Skip the data that has already backed up: Set to skip the data
backup if the data has already been backed up.

DICOMDIR is a DICOM file format which provides index and

summary information for all the DICOM files on media. If you
NOTE want to save studies to CD or DVD and view them on the PACS
system, you should select this option.

9-50
 System Preset

To back up Image Archive,

9
1. Configure Image Archive.

2. Prepare unformatted CD(s).

Preset
3. Click Backup to start backup Image archive.

The media formatting starts and the instructional message appears.

You can view and import backup media via Patient Browser and Patient
menu.
To view the backup images,

1. Insert your medium.

2. Go to Patient or Patient browser.

3. Change the source to your medium from the local hard disk.

4. View the backup images of the study you want.

Full Backup

The USB hard disk drive is only available for the full preset
backup.
NOTE

This full preset backup is for service purpose only. You can back up the
system data such as user preset, image archive, and service configuration.

9-51
 Image Preset

To enter the Image preset menu, press the Image Preset key on the control
panel.
To exit from the Image preset menu, press the Image Preset, Exit, or 2D key on
the control panel.

Gerneral workflow

To use Image preset function,

1. Press the Image Preset key on the control panel. The General Image
screen appears.

2. Use Trackball to select a desired menu tab.

3. Select a desired transducer from the transducer list.

4. Select an option for the menu.

5. Click Save to save the changes.

6. Click Exit to return to Scan mode.

9-52
 Image Preset

New preset

9
You can create a new preset by pressing the F7 key on the QWERTY
keyboard. Once you have added a new preset, it appears in the application

Preset
list of the transducer selection page, the Patient Registration screen, and
the Image Preset screen. This function is useful when you want to use
user-defined presets easily.

To create a new preset,

1. Adjust the image parameter settings as you want, and then press the F7
key on the QWERTY keyboard.

2. Select the application that you want to add from the Application list.

3. Enter a preset name in the Preset Name field.

4. To show the automatic preset selection when you change the transducer,
select the Automatic Preset selection when changes the
transducer check box.

5. When you are finished, click OK.

9-53
 Image Preset

To overwrite an existing preset,

1. Adjust the image parameter settings as you want, and then press the F7
key on the QWERTY keyboard.

2. Select the application that you want from the Application list.

3. Select the preset that you want to overwrite from the Preset Name list.

4. To show the automatic preset selection when you change the transducer,
select the Automatic Preset selection when changes the
transducer check box.

5. When you are finished, click OK.

6. Click Yes to confirm.

To delete a preset,

1. Press the Image Preset key on the QWERTY keyboard.

2. Select New Preset, and then press the Delete Preset soft key.

3. Click Yes to confirm.

The default presets cannot be deleted.

NOTE

9-54
10 Care and Maintenance
This chapter introduces the followings:

 System Care and Maintenance

 Transducer Care and Maintenance

10-1
 System Care and Maintenance

It is the responsibility of the user to verify that the ultrasound system is safe for
diagnostic operation on a daily basis. Each day, prior to using the system, perform
each of the steps in the daily checklist.

All exterior parts of the system, including the control panel, keyboard, and
transducers, should be cleaned and/or disinfected as necessary or between uses.
Clean each component to remove any surface particles. Disinfect components to
kill vegetative organisms and viruses.

The air filter on the ultrasound system must be cleaned regularly to maintain
proper system cooling. Remove and check the air filter weekly, and clean as
needed.

 The system does not contain any operator serviceable internal

components. Ensure that unauthorized personnel do not tamper
CAUTION with the unit.
 When defects or malfunctions occur, do not operate the system until
the problems are resolved. Contact your local service
representative.

Daily checklist
Perform the following each day before using the ultrasound system:

 Visually inspect all transducers. Do not use a transducer which has a

cracked, punctured, or discolored casing or frayed cable.

 Visually inspect all power cords. Do not turn on the power if a cord is
frayed or split, or shows signs of wear. If your system’s power cord is
frayed or split, or shows signs of wear, contact your ALPINION service
representative for power cord replacement.

 Visually inspect that the trackball and other controls on the control
panel to make sure that they are clean and free from gel or other
contaminants.

 Visually inspect the ECG connector and cables. Do not use the ECG
connector and cables if they are damaged.

To avoid electrical shock, you must visually inspect the

transducer prior to use. Do not use the transducer that has a
WARNING cracked, punctured, or discolored casing or a frayed cable.

10-2
 System Care and Maintenance

Monthly checklist

10
To inspect the system, examine the following on a monthly basis.

Care and Maintenance

 Connectors on cables for any mechanical defects

 Entire length of electrical and power cables for cuts or abrasions

 Control panel and keyboard for defects

 Casters for proper locking operation

When the LED lamp needs to be replaced, contact the

ALPINION service representative.
NOTE

To maintain the safety and functionality of the ultrasound

system, maintenance must be performed every 12 months.
WARNING Electrical safety tests must also be performed at regular
intervals as specified by local safety regulations. Refer to the
service manual for the electrical leakage test.

To avoid electrical shock hazard, do not remove panels or

covers from the console. This service must be performed by
qualified service personnel. Failure to do so could cause a
CAUTION
serious injury.

10-3
 System Care and Maintenance

Weekly maintenance
The system requires weekly care and maintenance to function safely and
properly. Clean the following:

 Monitor

 Control panel

 Footswitch

Failure to perform required maintenance may result in unnecessary service

calls.

Cleaning the system

Prior to cleaning any part of the system:

- Turn off the system power. If possible, disconnect the power cord.

Cleaning the surface of the ultrasound system

Do not spray any liquid directly into the unit when cleaning the
system.
CAUTION

1. Use a clean gauze pad or lint-free cloth, lightly moistened with a mild
detergent, to wipe the surface of the ultrasound system. Take particular
care to clean the areas near the trackball and the slide controls. Ensure
these areas are free of gel and any other visible residue.

Ensure that cleaning solution does not seep into the control panel,
keyboard, or any other openings.

2. After cleaning, use a clean, lint-free cloth to dry the surface.

3. After cleaning, reconnect the power cord of the system into the power
outlet.

10-4
 System Care and Maintenance

Cleaning the liners of the transducer holders

10
1. Use the tab to remove the liner from the transducer holder.

Care and Maintenance

2. Clean the liner under the running water, using a mild detergent and dry
with a lint-free cloth.

3. Reinsert the liner into the transducer holder.

Cleaning the trackball

Do not drop or place foreign objects inside the trackball
assembly. This may affect the trackball’s operation and damage
CAUTION the system. Avoid other solvents that may damage the
mechanical parts of the trackball assembly.

1. Remove the front panel bezel by rotating the bezel counter-clockwise.

2. Remove the trackball and the teflon ring.

3. Clean the trackball and the teflon ring with tissue and isopropyl alcohol.

4. Clean the inside of the trackball assembly with a cotton swab and
isopropyl alcohol.

5. Allow the assembly parts to completely dry before the reassembly.

6. Replace the trackball and front panel bezel.

10-5
 System Care and Maintenance

Cleaning the monitor face

Use a soft, folded cloth and a glass cleaner solution. Apply the glass cleaner
to the cloth. Gently wipe the monitor face.

Do NOT use a glass cleaner that has a hydrocarbon base (such as Benzene,
Methyl Alcohol or Methyl Ethyl Ketone) on monitors with the filter (anti-glare
shield). Prolonged use of such cleaners will damage the filter (anti-glare
shield). Hard rubbing will also damage the filter.

When cleaning the monitor, make sure not to scratch the

monitor.
CAUTION

10-6
 System Care and Maintenance

Removing and cleaning the air filter

10
The air filter on the ultrasound system must be cleaned regularly to
maintain the proper system cooling. Remove and check the air filter weekly,

Care and Maintenance

and clean as needed.

Do not scrub, stretch, or bend the filter, or apply heat to the

filter, as doing so could damage the filter.
CAUTION

1. Power off and unplug the power cord from the power outlet.

2. Grasp the air filter tray and pull it out of the system.

3. Remove the filter.

4. Rinse the air filter with running water and allow the filter to completely
dry. To hasten drying, you may gently shake the filter, or blot the filter
with a clean, lint-free cloth.

5. Reinsert the filter into the filter tray.

6. Slide the air filter tray back into the ultrasound system.

7. Plug the power cord into the power outlet.

10-7
 Transducer Care and Maintenance

It is the responsibility of the user to verify that the transducer is safe for diagnostic
operation. After each use, inspect the transducer's lens, cable, and casing. Look for
any damage that would allow liquid to enter the transducer. If any damage is
found, do not use the transducer until it has been inspected and repaired/replaced
by ALPINION Service Representative.

WARNING
 Always place a sterile, non-pyrogenic transducer sheath
on a transducer used in procedures requiring sterility.
 To minimize the risk of cross-contamination and
infectious diseases, intraoperative transducers must be
cleaned and high-level disinfected after each use. A
sterile, non-pyrogenic transducer sheath must be in
place during procedures requiring sterility.
 There have been reports of severe allergic reactions to
medical devices containing latex (natural robber). Health
care professionals are advised to identify latex-sensitive
patients and to be prepared to treat allergic reactions
promptly.
 During neurosurgical procedures, if a transducer
becomes contaminated with tissue or fluids of a patient
known to have Creutzfeld-Jacob disease, the transducer
should be destroyed, as it cannot be sterilized.
 When using an endocavity or intraoperative transducer
with a CF type applied part, the patient leakage currents
may be additive.

10-8
 Transducer Care and Maintenance

10
WARNING
 To avoid electrical shock and damage to the system,
disconnect the transducer prior to cleaning or
disinfecting.

Care and Maintenance

 The list of disinfectants and cleaning methods are
recommended by ALPINION for the compatibility with
product materials, not for the biological effectiveness.
Refer to disinfectant label instructions for the guidance
on disinfection efficacy and appropriate clinical uses.

CAUTION  Transducers are sensitive instruments – irreparable

damage may occur if they are dropped, knocked against
other objects, cut, or punctured. Do not attempt to repair
to alter any part of a transducer.
 To avoid cable damage, do not roll the system over
transducer cables.
 To avoid damage to the transducer, do not use
transducer sheaths containing on oil-based coating or
petroleum-or mineral oil-based ultrasound coupling
agents. Use only a water-based ultrasound coupling
agent.
 DO NOT place or store the transducer in the side pocket
or the storage area on the system to prevent damaging it
from accidently falling off.

10-9
 Transducer Care and Maintenance

CAUTION  To avoid damage to the transducer, observe the

immersion levels indicated for each transducer type. Do
not immerse or allow the cable or connector of a
transducer to become wet. See Figure 10-1 on page
10-12 for more detailed information.
 The transducer have been designed and tested to be able
to withstand high-level disinfection as recommended by
the manufacturer of the disinfectant product. Carefully
follow the disinfectant manufacturer’s instructions. Do
not immerse for more than one hour.

Transducer handling and infection control

This information is intended to increase user awareness of the risks of
disease transmission associated with using this equipment and provide
guidance in making decisions directly affecting the safety of the patient as
well as the equipment user.

Diagnostic ultrasound systems utilize ultrasound energy that must be

coupled to the patient by direct physical contact. Depending on the type of
examination, this contact occurs with a variety of tissues ranging from
intact skin in a routine exam to recirculating blood in a surgical procedure.
The level of risk of infection varies greatly with the type of contact.

One of the most effective ways to prevent transmission between patients is

with single use or disposable devices. However, ultrasound transducers are
complex and expensive devices that must be reused between patients. It is
very important, therefore, to minimize the risk of disease transmission by
using barriers and through proper processing between patients.

10-10
 Transducer Care and Maintenance

Cleaning and disinfecting transducers

10
To clean a transducer,

Care and Maintenance

1. Disconnect the transducer from the system.

2. Moisten a clean gauze pad with water and wipe the transducer to remove
any gel or particles remaining on the transducer. If water is not effective,
then you can use an approved pre-cleaner or low-level disinfectant.

3. Carefully wipe the entire transducer, including the cable and connector.

4. After cleaning or disinfecting, use a clean cloth to dry the transducer.

To disinfect or high-level disinfect a transducer,

1. Disconnect the transducer from the system.

2. Thoroughly clean, rinse, and dry the transducer.

3. Take care to keep the cable strain relief and the connector of the
transducer dry while immersing the transducer in an approved
disinfectant to the level indicated in the following illustration.

4. Carefully follow the disinfectant manufacturer’s instructions for

disinfection or high-level disinfection.

5. After disinfecting or high-level disinfecting, use a clean cloth to dry the

transducer.

The following high-level disinfectant agents have been approved for use
with all transducers:

 Cidex OPA
 Cidex Plus

10-11
 Transducer Care and Maintenance

IPX8 immersion levels

To avoid damage to the transducer, observe the immersion

levels indicated for each transducer type. Transducers with the
CAUTION protection level IPX8 are indicated by the presence of the
“IPX8” symbol on the connector of the transducer.

Transducers meet Ingress Protection IPX8 of EN 60529 and IEC 60529 to

the depth of the immersion line shown in the illustration only for
transducers with the “IPX8” symbol on the connector of the transducer.

Connector

Strain relief

Figure 10-1 IPX8 immersion level

10-12
 Transducer Care and Maintenance

Cable handling

10
Take the following precautions with transducer cables:

Care and Maintenance

 Keep free from wheels
 Do not bend the cable acutely
 Avoid crossing cables between transducers

Planned maintenance
The following maintenance schedule is suggested for the transducer to

ensure the optimum operation and safety.

 Daily: inspect transducers

 After each use: clean transducers
 After each use: disinfect transducers

10-13
 Safety and Regulatory
11 Information
This chapter introduces the followings:

 Safety Summary
 Important Safety Warnings
 Patient Safety Information
 Electrical Safety Information
 Transducer Safety Information
 System Symbols and Labels
 Peripherals and Accessories
 Regulatory Information
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format
 Acoustic Output
 Obstetrics References

11-1
 Safety Summary

You should make sure the following safety precautions during all phases of
operation, service, and repair of the E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system. If you fail to
comply with these safety precautions or specific warnings in this manual, you
violate safety standards in terms of design, manufacture, and intended use of this
system. ALPINION MEDICAL SYSTEMS Co., LTD. does not have liability for your
failure to comply with these requirements.

Safety notice

WARNING
A WARNING notice indicates a hazard. You need to observe
an operating procedure, practice, or conducts like that. If
you do not correctly perform this notice, it could result in
personal injury or death.

CAUTION A CAUTION notice indicates a hazard. You need to observe

an operating procedure, practice, or conducts like that. If
you do not correctly perform this notice, it could result in
damage to the system or loss of important data.

Service document
The service manual supplies block diagrams, lists of spare parts, descriptions,
adjustment instructions or similar information to help adequately qualified
technical personnel in repairing those parts defined as repairable by the
manufacturer.

11-2
Important Safety Warnings

11
WARNING
 Installing the system yourself may cause damage to the
system or electrical shock.

Safety and Regulatory Information

 To avoid damage to the system and avoid electrical
shock, only qualified ALPINION service engineer must
install the system.
 Do not remove the covers of a system yourself to avoid
damage to the system and unexpected electrical shock.
Only qualified ALPINION service engineer must repair or
replace components.
 Before cleaning up and disinfecting the system, always
make sure you turn off the system power and unplug the
power cord from the power outlet.
 To avoid risk of electric shock, you must connect the
system to the supply mains with the protective earth.
 Do not allow water or liquids on or above the system.
Dripping water or liquids into the system may cause
electrical shock and damage to the system.
 Always use peripherals and accessories approved by
ALPINION. You must securely connect peripherals and
accessories to the system.
 Do not modify this system such as system components,
or software. When you modify the system, it may cause
safety hazards. Only qualified ALPINION service engineer
must modify the system.
 Always use the system properly to avoid serious injury.
Before using the system, you must make sure the
instructions and hazards involving ultrasound system.
ALPINION provides training assistance, if needed.

11-3
 Important Safety Warnings

WARNING
 Always use transducers approved or recommended by
ALPINION.
 Always use approved ECG cables and recommended
electrodes by ALPINION.
 You must follow safety precautions and avoid any
situation that causes injury or damage.
 The system voltage may cause serious injury or damage
to the system.
 When you observe that the system causes any
malfunction, you must stop operating the system and
take proper action for patients. After that, contact
ALPINION service engineer.
 You must make sure grounded integrity of the power
outlet and system regularly.
 Always make sure that you do not use the system in an
explosive atmosphere.
 For patient safety, you must locate the system to easily
unplug the power cord from the power outlet when a
malfunction or an error occurs.
 Your ultrasound system is not intended for diagnosing
and monitoring ECG. Do not use the system for cardiac
operation.

11-4
Patient Safety Information

 When you enter patient data, always make sure that you

11
WARNING
enter correct identification with the patient data.

Safety and Regulatory Information

 Do not use the system until you become familiar with the
system operation.
 To avoid the transducer from overheating, you must
freeze the system when imaging is not performed.

CAUTION  Do not allow the system to transmit acoustic output

when the transducer is not in use. Otherwise, it could
result in overheating of the transducer.
 When not using the system, you should freeze the image
or turn off the acoustic output.
 Do not use the system with defibrillator. The system does
not include a defibrillation-proof applied part for ECG.
 Do not allow the germicide to contact your patient.
Contact to the patient’s skin or mucous membrane may
cause an inflammation.

11-5
 Electrical Safety Information

WARNING
 Do not clean or disinfect a system before turning off and
unplug the system from the power outlet. Otherwise, it
could result in electrical shock and damage to the
system.
 Do not place water or liquids on the system. Dripping
water or liquids into the system may cause electrical
shock and damage to the system.
 Do not remove the panels or covers of a system to
prevent system damage and electrical shock.
 Do not use extension cords, adaptors or converters,
which are a three-prong to two-prong type, to connect
with a power plug.
 The system voltage may cause serious injury or damage
to the system. When you observe that the system causes
any malfunction, you must stop operating the system
and take proper action for patients. After that, contact
ALPINION service engineer.
 Do not modify the AC power connector plug of the
system to prevent electrical shock.
 You should use the ultrasound system after few hours
when the system is in a humidity place.
 Do not connect, disconnect, or replace any part of the
system during the scanning of a patient at the same
time.
 Do not replace the fuse or power cord by yourself. An
ALPINION MEDICAL service engineer or an authorized
agent must perform the replacement. Replacing the fuse
or power cord by yourself will avoid your warranty.
 Using spray cleaners on the system drips cleaning fluid
into the system. It damages components in the system.
 Do not use aerosol spray cleaners on the monitor to
prevent electrical shock and damage to the system.

11-6
 Electrical Safety Information

 While using the ECG function, keep ECG cables or

11
WARNING
patients away from any other electrical conductor to

Safety and Regulatory Information

prevent electrical shock.
 Different voltage power between your system and other
devices may cause electrical shock. According to the IEC
requirements (Refer to IEC 60601-1-1 and clause 16 of
the 3 Ed. of IEC 60601-1, respectively), you must use
the equipotential cable (equipotential bonding) to
connect additional devices to your system. Contact your
ALPINION MEDICAL service engineer.

11-7
 Transducer Safety Information

Damaged transducers or improper use and manipulation of the transducer may

result in injury or increase the risk of infection.

Never use excessive force when manipulating intracavity transducers. Become

familiar with all instructions and precautions provided with the special purpose
transducers.

The use of damaged transducers can result in injury or increase the risk of
infection. Inspect transducer often for sharp, pointed, or rough surface damage
that could cause injury or tear protective barriers.

WARNING
 Do not use damaged or defective transducer to prevent
system damage and serious patient injury.
 Make sure you do not bend or pull the transducer cable
to prevent the damage to the transducer.
 Use only approved coupling gels. Using unapproved gels
may damage the transducer and void the warranty.

CAUTION  Do not drop the transducer. Always keep the transducer

secure when you do not use it.
 Using damaged or defective transducer causes
unexpected electric shock. Make sure to use and take
care of the transducer accordingly.
 Do not allow the system to transmit acoustic output
when the transducer is not in use. Otherwise, it could
result in overheating of the transducer.
 When not using the system, you should freeze the image
or turn off acoustic output.
 To avoid serious patient injury, always inspect the
transducer that you use has sharp edges and rough
surfaces.

11-8
 Transducer Safety Information

11
CAUTION  Proper cleaning and disinfecting the transducer prevent
disease transmission. You must follow infection control

Safety and Regulatory Information

procedures.
 Make sure that you do not use an expired transducer
sheath.
 Using pre-lubricated condoms as a sheath might damage
the transducer.
 Do not allow your eyes (or patient’s eyes) to contact the
coupling gel. If there is gel contact to the eyes, flush
thoroughly with clean water.

Transducer surface temperature limits

Maximum Temperature (°C)
Transducer Tissue Mimicking Material
Still Air
(TMM)
SC1-6 42.4 44.8
C1-6 32.4 44.1
SP1-5 40.0 44.0
L3-12 35.3 45.0
E3-10 39.0 45.3
SVC1-6 39.1 44.8
L3-12H 33.5 44.7
VC1-6 27.7 42.2
L3-8 27.5 35.4
SP3-8 31.5 41.2

L3-12HWD 28.5 38.6

SC1-6H 30.7 45.6
SC1-4H 28.8 40.1
E3-10H 28.1 41.8
EN3-10 28.9 40.6

11-9
 System Symbols and Labels

The following is a list of system symbols and labels for safety. They indicate that
you must refer to the manual for specific information to avoid personal injury or
damage to the product.

Safety symbols/
Location Explanation
Labels

On the power button of

System on/off/stand-by
the control panel

On the system rating Patient applied part

label for overseas, meets the isolation
transducer label, and requirements for type BF
ECG port equipment

On the ECG port ECG triggered display

This symbol indicates

that the transducer
meets immersion
requirements.
On the transducer label
Depending on the
transducer model, the
immersion label may
differ.

11-10
 System Symbols and Labels

Safety symbols/

11
Location Explanation
Labels

Safety and Regulatory Information

This symbol indicates
that when the end-user
wishes to discard this
product, it must be sent
to separate collection
facilities for recovery and
recycling. By separating
this product from other
On the multi-caution household-type waste,
label, rating label for the volume of waste sent
overseas, transducer to incinerators or
label, and gel warmer land-fills will be reduced
label and natural resources
will thus be conserved.
Please contact an
authorized
representative of the
manufacturer for
information concerning
the decommissioning of
your equipment.
This system complies
On the multi-caution with regulatory
label, rating label for requirements of
overseas, and system European Directive 93/
packing box 42/EEC regarding
medical device.
Consult instructions for
Various locations use (or consult operating
instructions)

11-11
 System Symbols and Labels

Safety symbols/
Location Explanation
Labels
Attention (Caution) –
consult accompanying
Various locations on
documents if complete
labels
information cannot be
provided on the label
On the rating label for
overseas: Alternating current in
Adjacent to the AC accordance with
power and the AC power IEC60878-01-14
outlet

Adjacent to the AC
Push-push button
power outlet

Adjacent to the AC
Equipotentiality
power

Adjacent to the DVD-RW Universal Serial Bus

On the system rating Date of manufacture

label for overseas and See ISO 8601 for date
transducer label format
Symbol for manufacturer
On the system rating This symbol shall be
label for overseas and accompanied by the
transducer label name and the address of
the manufacturer.
On the system rating
label for overseas and Serial Number
transducer label

11-12
 System Symbols and Labels

Safety symbols/

11
Location Explanation
Labels

Safety and Regulatory Information

To ensure safety of user,
moving and delivering
Rear of the system body system shall be
performed by at least 2
persons.
 Rear of the LCD Do not forcibly push the
monitor monitor or the system
 Rear of the system when the casters are
body cover locked.
Do not press or place
loads on the monitor
when folded. Otherwise,
Rear of the LCD monitor
monitor and (or)
professional arm could
be damaged.
Do not operate up/down
lever when monitor is
removed. Otherwise
Rear of professional arm
control panel, monitor,
hinge
and professional arm
move up rapidly so the
user could be injured.
Do not use mobile
transmitter such as
Rear of the system body mobile phone, radio
receiver, broadband
power line, etc.
Be very careful not to
injure yourself or
Rear of the LCD monitor damage the system
when rotating the
professional arm.

11-13
 System Symbols and Labels

Safety symbols/
Location Explanation
Labels

Rear of the LCD monitor Caution label

Care against pinch shall

Top of the monitor arm be taken. (In accordance
with IEC60878)

DO NOT OPERATE UPDOWN LEVER

WHEN MONITOR IS REMOVED

Rear of the professional

Caution label
arm hinge
CAUTION

Rear of the system body Multi-caution label

Top (or side panel) of the No gender detection

system body label

System rating label for

Rear of the system base
overseas

11-14
 System Symbols and Labels

Safety symbols/

11
Location Explanation
Labels

Safety and Regulatory Information

System rating label for
Rear of the system base
domestics

On the cable port of the

Gel warmer voltage label
gel warmer

Rear of the gel warmer Ger warmer label

On the AC power to BW Power cable label of the

printer power cable BW printer

Name of transducer
manufacturer,
Authorized EU
Transducer Representative, Safety,
WEEE symbol, indicating
separate collection,
Certification mark

Transducer name, Serial,

Transducer IPX Rating, Manufacturer
date, Caution mark

11-15
 Peripherals and Accessories

Peripheral update for EC countries

The following is intended to provide the users in EC countries with updated
information concerning the connection of the E-CUBE 9 to image recording
and other devices or communication networks.

The E-CUBE 9 has been verified for overall safety, compatibility and
compliance with the following on-board image recording devices:

 Color Printer

Manufacturer: Sony Corporation

Model: Sony Digital UP-D25MD, Sony Analog UP-25MD

 B/W Printer

Manufacturer: Sony Corporation, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Model: Sony Digital UP-D897, Sony Analog UP-897MD, 

Mitsubishi P95DE

 DVR

Manufacturer: Sony Corporation

Model: Sony Digital DVO-1000MD

 DVD-RW

Manufacturer: Samsung Electronics

Model: Samsung Digital SE-T084

The E-CUBE 9 may also be used safely while connected to devices other
than those recommended above if the devices and their specifications,
installation, and interconnection with the system conform to the
requirements of IEC/EN 60601-1-1.

11-16
 Peripherals and Accessories

Basic accessories

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Depending on the console type you purchase, the basic accessories
provided with the console may differ.

E-CUBE 9 Standard E-CUBE 9 Professional

E-CUBE 9 standard console E-CUBE 9 professional console
User manual CD (English) User manual CD (English)
Quick guide (English hard copy) Quick guide (English hard copy)
Sonic gel Sonic gel

Optional supplies and accessories

The following tables show optional supplies and accessories that have been
verified to be compatible with the system.

Console accessory
Tri-pedal footswitch

Transducer
 SC1-6  VC1-6
 C1-6  L3-12H
 SP1-5  L3-8
 L3-12  SP3-8
 E3-10  L3-12HWD
 SVC1-6  SC1-6H
 E3-10H  EN3-10
 SC1-4H

11-17
 Peripherals and Accessories

Disinfectant
Cidex OPA
Cidex Plus

Biopsy kit
SC1-6 Biopsy Starter Kit (for
C1-6, SC1-4H, and SC1-6H)
L3-12 Biopsy Starter Kit (for L3-8
and L3-12H)
E3-10 Disposable Needle Guide
(for E3-10H)
E3-10 Reusable Needle Guide
(for E3-10H)
EN3-10 Disposable Needle Guide
EN3-10 Reusable Needle Guide

Software
SRI DICOM SR (OB)
Full SRI Cardiology M&R
Xpeed CW
Spatial Compounding Auto IMT Measurement
Compact 3D/4D ECG
FTHI (Filtered Tissue Harmonic) Anatomical-M
DICOM 3.0 Connectivity Frequency Compounding

11-18
 Regulatory Information

The E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system conforms to the following classifications, in

11
accordance with the IEC/EN 60601-1:6.8.1:

Safety and Regulatory Information

Classifications:
 Type of protection against electrical shock: Class I
 Degree of protection against electrical shock (Patient connection): Type BF
equipment
 Degree of protection against harmful ingress of water: Ordinary equipment and
all of applied parts (IPX7, IPX8) except ECG meet ingress protection level
according to IEC 60529.
 Degree of safety of application in the presence of a flammable anesthetic
material with air or with oxygen or nitrous oxide: Equipment not suitable for use
in the presence of a flammable anesthetic mixture with air or with oxygen or
nitrous oxide.
 Mode of operation: Continuous operation

The E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system conforms to the following standards:

 EN 60601-1-2:2001+A1:2006 (IEC 60601-1-2:2001+A1:2004)
 EN 60601-2-37:2001+A1:2005+A2:2005 (IEC
60601-2-37:2001+A1:2004+A2:2005)
 EN 55022:2010, Class B (CISPR 22:2008, modified)
 EN 55011:2007+A2:2007, Group 1, Class B (CISPR 11:2003+A2:2006)
 EN 61000-4-2:2009 (IEC 61000-4-2:2008)
 EN 61000-4-3:2006+A1:2008+A2:2010
(IEC61000-4-3:2006+A1:2007+A2:2010)
 EN 61000-4-4:2004+A1:2010 (IEC 61000-4-4:2004+A1:2010)
 EN 61000-4-5:2006 (IEC 61000-4-5:2005)
 EN 61000-4-6:2009 (IEC 61000-4-6:2008)
 EN 61000-4-8:2010 (IEC 61000-4-8:2009)
 EN 61000-4-11:2004 (IEC 61000-4-11:2004)
 EN 61000-3-2:2006+A1:2009+A2:2009
(IEC61000-3-2:2005+A1:2009+A2:2009)
 EN 61000-3-3:2008 (IEC 61000-3-3:2008)
 ISO 10993-1:2009
 NEMA/AIUM Acoustic Output Display Standard (NEMA US-3, 1998)
 EN 60601-1:2006 (IEC60601-1:2005)
 EN 60601-1-2:2007 (IEC 60601-1-2:2007)
 EN 60601-2-37 :2008 (IEC 60601-2-37:2007)

11-19
 Regulatory Information

 ISO13485:2003
 ISO14971:2007

Authorized EU Representative:

Name: Thomas Roth 

Address:Lilienthalstrasse 17a, 85399 Hallbergmoos, Germany
Phone: +49 (0) 811 99 82 86 0

Authorized US Representative:

Name: Yuchi CHU

Address: Suite 229, 10604 NE 38th Place, Kirkland, WA 98033, United States
Phone: +1 (425) 949 4907

11-20
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. The

11
equipment may cause radio frequency interference to other medical and
non-medical devices and radio communications. To provide reasonable protection

Safety and Regulatory Information

against such interference, this product complies with emissions limits for a Group
1, Class Medical Devices Directive as stated in EN 60601-1-2. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

If this equipment is found to cause interference (which may be determined by

turning the equipment on and off), the user (or qualified service personnel) should
attempt to correct the problem by one or more of the following measure(s):
 reorient or relocate the affected device(s)
 increase the separation between the equipment and the affected device
 power the equipment from a source different from that of the affected device
 consult the point of purchase or service representative for further suggestions
The manufacturer is not responsible for any interference caused by using other
than recommended interconnect cables or by unauthorized changes or
modifications to this equipment. Unauthorized changes or modifications could void
the users’ authority to operate the equipment.

Do not use devices which intentionally transmit RF Signals (cellular phones,

transceivers, or radio controlled products) in the vicinity of the equipment as it may
cause performance outside the published specifications. Keep the power to these
type devices turned off when near this equipment.

The medical staff in charge of this equipment is required to instruct technicians,

patients, and other people who maybe around this equipment to fully comply with
the above requirement.

11-21
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Recommended separation distances between

portable and mobile RF communications
equipment and the E-CUBE 9
The E-CUBE 9 is intended for use in an electromagnetic environment in
which radiated RF disturbances are controlled. The customer or the user of
the E-CUBE 9 can help Prevent electromagnetic interference by maintaining
a minimum distance between portable and mobile RF communications
equipment (transmitters) and the E-CUBE 9 as recommended below,
according to the maximum output power of the communications equipment.

Separation distance according to

frequency of transmitter [m]
Rated
maximum 80 MHz 800 MHz
output 150 kHz to 80 MHz to 800 to 2.5
3 5 MHz GHz
power of d = ----------
V1
P
3 5 7
transmitter d = ----------
V1
P d = -------
E1
P

[W]
V1= 3 V1=1 V1=0.3 E1= 3 E1= 3
Vrms Vrms Vrms V/m V/m
0.01 0.12 0.35 1.17 0.11 0.23
0.1 0.37 1.09 3.62 0.36 0.73
1 1.17 3.50 11.67 1.16 2.33
10 3.69 11.10 36.87 3.68 7.37
100 11.66 35.00 116.67 11.66 23.33
For transmitters rated at a maximum output power are not listed above,
the recommended separation distance in meters (m) can be estimated
using the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter, where p
is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (W)
according to the transmitter manufacturer.
NOTE 1) At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the separation distance for the higher
frequency range applies.
NOTE 2) These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic
propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures,
objects and people.

11-22
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Immunity and compliance level for system

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Frequency of Actual
Compliance
Immunity test Interest Immunity
Level
[MHz] Level
Conducted RF
0.15 MHz to 80 MHz 3 Vrms 0.3 Vrms
IEC 61000-4-6

Radiated RF 80 MHz to 800 MHz 3V/m 1V/m

IEC 61000-4-3 800 MHz to 2.5 GHz 3V/m 3V/m

Immunity and compliance level for transducer

Transducer: SC1-6, 1 kHz, C mode

Actual
Image at Frequency of Frequency of
Immunity
Interest Interest**[MHz]
Level

0.61 MHz to 18.89 MHz 3 Vrms

35.36 MHz to 44.45 MHz 3 Vrms

0.71 MHz to 8.69 MHz 1 Vrms

35.71 MHz to 44.45 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6 1.09 MHz to 6.45 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.60 MHz, 19.08 MHz ~ 35.01 MHz and 44.89
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-23
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SC1-6, 2 Hz, C mode

Actual
Image at Frequency of Frequency of
Immunity
Interest Interest**[MHz]
Level

0.43 MHz to 24.47 MHz 3 Vrms

35.71 MHz to 43.14 MHz 3 Vrms

0.88 MHz to 23.28 MHz 1 Vrms

36.79 MHz to 43.14 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 0.90 MHz to 16.60 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6
37.16 MHz to 43.14 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.42 MHz, 24.71 MHz ~ 35.36 MHz and 43.57
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-24
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SP1-5, 1 kHz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.87 MHz to 16.93 MHz 3 Vrms

33.98 MHz to 45.34 MHz 3 Vrms

0.95 MHz to 8.02 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 1.14 MHz to 7.19 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6
* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable
from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.86 MHz, 17.10 MHz ~ 33.64 MHz and 45.80
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-25
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SP1-5, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.64 MHz to 12.19 MHz 3 Vrms

41.46 MHz to 42.72 MHz 3 Vrms

0.89 MHz to 4.93 MHz 1 Vrms

41.46 MHz to 41.87 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6 1.11 MHz to 3.12 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.63 MHz, 12.31 MHz ~ 41.05 MHz and 43.14
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=2.13 F1=41.87
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.01 Vrms 0.45 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-26
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SVC1-6, 1 kHz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.86 MHz to 21.07 MHz 3 Vrms

43.14 MHz to 54.24 MHz 3 Vrms

1.60 MHz to 18.52 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
1.66 MHz to 16.93 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.85 MHz, 21.28 MHz ~ 42.72 MHz and 54.78
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-27
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SVC1-6, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.65 MHz to 35.36 MHz 3 Vrms

1.71 MHz to 27.84 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6 1.73 MHz to 27.84 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.63 MHz and 35.71 MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of
Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-28
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: L3-12, 1 kHz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.95 MHz to 47.18 MHz 3 Vrms

1.08 MHz to 20.86 MHz 1 Vrms

27.57 MHz to 42.72 MHz 1 Vrms

1.58 MHz to 18.15 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
37.53 MHz to 42.29 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.94 MHz and 47.66 MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of
Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-29
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: L3-12, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

2.82 MHz to 20.25 MHz 3 Vrms

32.98 MHz to 35.01 MHz 3 Vrms

4.88 MHz to 20.25 MHz 1 Vrms

33.31 MHz to 34.64 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
5.18 MHz to 6.38 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 2.79 MHz, 20.45 MHz ~ 32.65 MHz and 35.36
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=5.66 F1=33.64
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.01 Vrms 0.34 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-30
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: C1-6, 1 kHz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.24 MHz to 16.93 MHz 3 Vrms

33.98 MHz to 45.80 MHz 3 Vrms

1.53 MHz to 14.87 MHz 1 Vrms

33.98 MHz to 45.34 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 1.75 MHz to 9.60 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6

42.29 MHz to 44.89 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.23 MHz, 17.10 MHz ~ 33.64 MHz and 46.25
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-31
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: VC1-6, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.08 MHz to 20.86 MHz 3 Vrms

36.79 MHz to 43.14 MHz 3 Vrms

1.30 MHz to 12.43 MHz 1 Vrms

42.29 MHz to 43.14 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
1.43 MHz to 10.93 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.07 MHz, 21.07 MHz ~ 36.43 MHz and 43.57
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-32
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: L3-12H, 2 Hz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

2.05 MHz to 53.17 MHz 3 Vrms

74.58 MHz to 75.32 MHz 3 Vrms

2.13 MHz to 47.66 MHz 1 Vrms

74.58 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
2.66 MHz to 21.28 MHz 0.3 Vrms
IEC 61000-4-6

33.98 MHz to 45.80 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 2.03 MHz, 53.70 MHz ~ 73.84 MHz and 76.08
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-33
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: C1-6, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.87 MHz to 29.27 MHz 3 Vrms

36.79 MHz to 43.57 MHz 3 Vrms

1.28 MHz to 24.96 MHz 1 Vrms

37.16 MHz to 43.14 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 1.65 MHz to 21.93 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6
37.16 MHz to 42.72 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 0.86 MHz, 29.56 MHz ~ 36.43 MHz and 44.01
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-34
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: E3-10, 1 kHz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.00 MHz to 44.45 MHz 3 Vrms

2.68 MHz to 20.05 MHz 1 Vrms

35.36 MHz to 43.57 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6 3.05 MHz to 4.50 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.23 MHz, 17.10 MHz ~ 33.64 MHz and 46.25
MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-35
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: E3-10, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

3.15 MHz to 46.72 MHz 3 Vrms

3.58 MHz to 21.50 MHz 1 Vrms

33.98 MHz to 45.80 MHz 1 Vrms

3.92 MHz to 17.10 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
34.66 MHz to 45.34 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 3.12 MHz and 47.18 MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of
Immunity is 3 Vrms.

11-36
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: L3-8, 2 Hz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.24 MHz to 47.18 MHz 3 Vrms

74.58 MHz to 76.08 MHz 1 Vrms

1.55 MHz to 46.26 MHz 1 Vrms

1.78 MHz to 15.48 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
34.64 MHz to 37.53 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.23 MHz, 47.66 MHz ~ 73.84 MHz and 76.84 ~
80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
Interest F1=76.08 F1=4.50 F1=35.71
[MHz]

Image at
Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at
which the RF
Induced Noise is
No Longer
1.59 Vrms 0.01 Vrms 0.11 Vrms
Discernable from
the System
Ambient
Background Noise

11-37
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SP3-8, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.87 MHz to 9.89 MHz 3 Vrms

32.33 MHz to 47.66 MHz 3 Vrms

0.99 MHz to 9.41 MHz 1 Vrms

32.33 MHz to 46.72 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 1.31 MHz to 8.43 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6

33.64 MHz to 45.80 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 3.12 MHz and 47.18 MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of
Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=5.02 F1=34.32
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.01 Vrms 0.15 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-38
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: L3-12HWD, 2 Hz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.95 MHz to 27.03 MHz 3 Vrms

31.07 MHz to 45.80 MHz 3 Vrms

2.58 MHz to 26.76 MHz 1 Vrms

33.64 MHz to 45.80 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 2.90 MHz to 21.07 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6

33.64 MHz to 45.34 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.93 MHz, 27.30 MHz ~ 30.76 MHz and 46.25
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=33.64 F1=6.71
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.1 Vrms 0.01 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-39
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SC1-6H, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.11 MHz to 12.19 MHz 3 Vrms

36.07 MHz to 43.14 MHz 3 Vrms

1.35 MHz to 11.03 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 1.55 MHz to 5.02 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6
* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable
from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.10 MHz, 12.31 MHz ~ 35.71 MHz and 43.57
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=37.16 F1=3.18
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 1.8 Vrms 0.01 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-40
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: E3-10H, 2 Hz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

2.31 MHz to 40.24 MHz 3 Vrms

44.45 MHz to 45.80 MHz 3 Vrms

3.88 MHz to 35.71 MHz 1 Vrms

44.45 MHz to 45.80 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 4.16 MHz to 22.82 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6

44.45 MHz to 44.89 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 2.29 MHz, 40.64 MHz ~ 44.01 MHz and 46.25
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=5.33 F1=44.89
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.01 Vrms 0.14 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-41
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: EN3-10, 2 Hz, C mode

Frequency of Actual
Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

1.47 MHz to 36.79 MHz 3 Vrms

44.45 MHz to 44.89 MHz 3 Vrms

2.68 MHz to 35.71 MHz 1 Vrms

44.45 MHz to 44.89 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF
IEC 61000-4-6
3.88 MHz to 35.71 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 1.46 MHz, 37.16 MHz ~ 44.01 MHz and 45.34
MHz ~ 80.00 MHz the level of Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=4.55 F1=44.45
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.01 Vrms 0.85 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-42
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Transducer: SC1-4H, 2 Hz, C mode

11
Frequency of Actual

Safety and Regulatory Information

Image at Frequency of
Interest** Immunity
Interest
[MHz] Level

0.64 MHz to 24.71 MHz 3 Vrms

36.79 MHz to 37.91 MHz 3 Vrms

1.06 MHz to 8.10 MHz 1 Vrms

36.79 MHz to 37.91 MHz 1 Vrms

Conducted RF 1.39 MHz to 5.28MHz 0.3 Vrms*

IEC 61000-4-6

37.91 MHz 0.3 Vrms*

* Voltage Level at which the RF Induced Noise is No Longer Discernable

from the system ambient background noise.
** Between 0.15 MHz ~ 3.12 MHz and 47.18 MHz ~ 80.0 MHz the level of
Immunity is 3 Vrms.

Frequency of
F1=1.89 F1=37.91
Interest [MHz]

Image at Frequency of
Interest

Voltage Level at which the

RF Induced Noise is No
Longer Discernable from 0.01 Vrms 0.18 Vrms
the System Ambient
Background Noise

11-43
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Guidance and manufacturer’s 

declaration–electromagnetic emissions
This system is suitable for use in the following environment. The user must
assure that it is used only in the electromagnetic environment as specified.

The E-CUBE 9 is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment

specified below. The customer or the user of the E-CUBE 9 should assure
that it is used in such an environment.
Electromagnetic
Emissions test Compliance
environment - guidance
The E-CUBE 9 uses RF energy
only for its internal function.
RF emissions Therefore, its RF emissions are
Group 1
CISPR 11 very low and are not likely to
cause any interference in
nearby electronic equipment.
RF emissions The E-CUBE 9 is suitable for use
Class B
CISPR 11 in all establishments, including
Harmonic emissions domestic establishments and
Class A
IEC 61000-3-2 those directly80connected to the
MHz to 800 MHz

Voltage fluctuations / public low-voltage power supply

flicker emissions Complies network that 800
supplies buildings
MHz to 2.5 GHz

IEC 61000-3-3 used for domestic purposes.

11-44
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Guidance and manufacturer’s

11
declaration-electromagnetic immunity

Safety and Regulatory Information

The E-CUBE 9 is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment
specified below.
The customer or the user of the E-CUBE 9 should assure that it is used in
such an environment.
Electromagnetic
Immunity IEC 60601 Compliance
environment
test Test level level
-guidance
Floors should be
Electrostatic wood, concrete or
discharge ceramic tile. If floors
±6 kV Contact ±6 kV Contact
(ESD) are covered with
synthetic material,
±8 kV air ±8 kV air
IEC the relative humidity
61000-4-2 should be at least 30
%.
Electrical fast
Mains power quality
transient/ ±2 kV for power ±2 kV for power
should be that of a
burst supply lines supply lines
typical commercial
±1 kV for input/ ±1 kV for input/
or hospital
IEC output lines output lines
environment.
61000-4-4
Mains power quality
Surge ±1 kV ±1 kV
should be that of a
differential mode differential mode
typical commercial
IEC ±2 kV common ±2 kV common
or hospital
61000-4-5 mode mode
environment.

11-45
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Mains power quality

< 5 % Uт < 5 % Uт should be that of a
(> 95 % dip in (> 95 % dip in typical commercial
Uт) Uт) or hospital
Voltage dips,
for 0.5cycle for 0.5cycle environment. If the
short
user of the E-CUBE 9
interruptions
40 % Uт 40 % Uт image
and
(60 % dip in Uт ) (60 % dip in Uт ) intensifier requires
voltage
for 5 cycle for 5 cycle continued operation
variations
during
on power
70 % Uт 70 % Uт power mains
supply
(30 % dip in Uт) (30 % dip in Uт) interruptions,
input lines
for 25 cycle for 25 cycle it is recommended
that the
IEC
<5 % Uт < 5 % Uт E-CUBE 9 image
61000-4-11
(< 95 % dip in (< 95 % dip in intensifier
Uт ) Uт ) be powered from an
for 5 s for 5 s uninterruptible
power supply.
Power frequency
Power magnetic
frequency fields should be at
(50/60 Hz) levels
magnetic characteristic of a
3A/m 3A/m
field typical
location in a typical
IEC commercial or
61000-4-8 hospital
environment.
NOTE: Uт is the a.c. mains voltage prior to application of the test level.

11-46
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Guidance and manufacturer’s

11
declaration-electromagnetic immunity

Safety and Regulatory Information

Immunity IEC 60601 Compliance Electromagnetic
test test level level environment - guidance

Conducted 3 Vrms Please see Portable mobile RF

RF 150 kHz to  the page  communications equipment
IEC 80 MHz 91 to 97 should be used no closer to any
61000-4-6 part of the E-CUBE 9, including
cables, than the recommended
Radiated  3V/m 3V/m separation distance calculated
RF IEC 80 MHz to  80 MHz to  from the equation applicable to
61000-4-3 2.5 GHz 2.5 GHz the frequency of the
transmitter.

Recommended separation
distance
3, 5
d = --------- P
V1

3 ,5
d= ---------- P
E1

7
-------
d= P
E1

where P is the maximum output

power rating of the transmitter
in watts (W) according to the
transmitter manufacturer and d
is the recommended separation
distance in meters (m).

11-47
 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Field strengths from fixed RF

transmitters, as deter-mined
by an electromagnetic site
survey, a should be less than
the compliance level in each
frequency range. b
Interference may occur in
the vicinity of equipment
marked with the following
symbol :

NOTE 1 ) At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies.

NOTE 2) These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic

propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures,
objects and people.

a Field strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for radio
(cellular/cordless) telephones and land mobile radios, amateur radio, AM and
FM radio broadcast and TV broadcast cannot be predicted theoretically with
accuracy. To assess the electromagnetic environment due to fixed RF
transmitters, an electromagnetic site survey should be considered. If the
measured field strength in the location in which the EUT is used exceeds the
applicable RF compliance level above, the EUT should be observed to verify
normal operation. If abnormal performance is observed, additional measures
may be necessary, such as re-orienting or relocating the E-CUBE 9.

b Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80MHz, field strengths should be
less than [V1] V / m.

11-48
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for
Use Format

11
E-CUBE 9 Ultrasound System

Safety and Regulatory Information

Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P P

Small Organ
P P P P P P P
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal P P P P P P

Trans-vaginal P P P P P P

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P P P
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P P P
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult P P P P P P P P

Cardiac
P P P P P P P P
Pediatric

11-49
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
P P P P P P P
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K120060; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-50
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with SC1-6 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-51
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-52
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with C1-6 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-53
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-54
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with SVC1-6 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P P

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-55
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-56
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with L3-12 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P

Small Organ
P P P P P P P
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P N P
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P N P
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-57
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
P P P P P N P
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-58
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with SP1-5 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult P P P P P P P P

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-59
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-60
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with E3-10 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal P P P P P P

Trans-vaginal P P P P P P

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-61
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-62
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with VC1-6 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P P

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-63
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-64
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with L3-12H Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P

Small Organ
P P P P P P
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P P
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P P
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-65
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
P P P P P P
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K111864; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-66
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with L3-8 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P

Small Organ
P P P P P P
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P P
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
P P P P P P
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-67
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
P P P P P P
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K120060; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-68
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with SP3-8 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric P P P P P P P

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
P P P P P P P P
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-69
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K120060; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-70
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with L3-12WD Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric

Small Organ
N N N N N N
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
N N N N N N
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
N N N N N N
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-71
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA; E = added under this

appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-72
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with SC1-6H Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-73
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K121888; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-74
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with SC1-4H Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal P P P P P P P

Abdominal P P P P P P P

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal

Trans-vaginal

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-75
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including P P P P P P P
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K121888; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-76
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with E3-10H Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal P P P P P P P

Trans-vaginal P P P P P P P

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-77
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K121888; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-78
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

E-CUBE 9 with EN3-10 Transducer

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Intended use: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging or fluid flow analysis of the
human body as follows:

Mode of Operation
Clinical
Application Color Power Harmonic Combined Other**
B M PWD CWD
Doppler Doppler Imaging * (Specify) (Specify)

Ophthalmic

Fetal

Abdominal

Intra-operative
(Specify)

Intra-operative
(Neuro)

Laparoscopic

Pediatric

Small Organ
(Specify)

Neonatal
Cephalic

Adult Cephalic

Trans-rectal P P P P P P P

Trans-vaginal P P P P P P P

Trans-urethral

Trans-esoph.
(non-Card.)

Musculo-skeletal
(Conventional)

Musculo-skeletal
(Superficial)

Intravascular

Other (Specify)

Cardiac Adult

Cardiac
Pediatric

Intravascular
(Cardiac)

11-79
 Diagnostic Ultrasound Indications for Use Format

Trans-esoph.
(Cardiac)

Intra-cardiac

Other (Specify)

Peripheral
vessel

Urology
(including
prostate)

N = new indication; P = previously cleared by FDA K121729; E = added

under this appendix

* Combined: B/Color Doppler, B/PWD, B/Color Doppler/PWD; **Other: 3D,

4D

11-80
Acoustic Output

The E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system shows the acoustic output display (e.g.

11
Mechanical Index (MI), Thermal Index (TI)) on the upper right side of the
screen. This acoustic output display allows you to monitor the acoustic

Safety and Regulatory Information

levels generated by the system.

Two standards for the acoustic output display are as follows:

AIUM/NEMA UD3 Standards for Real-time Display of Thermal and

Mechanical Acoustic Output Indices on Diagnostic Ultrasound equipment.

IEC 60601-2-37, Mechanical Electrical Equipment – Part2-37: Particular

Requirements for the Safety of Ultrasound Medical Diagnostic and
Monitoring Equipment.

You should use the E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system at the lowest

mechanical/thermal index setting necessary to generate clinically
WARNING acceptable images.

11-81
 Acoustic Output

Acoustic output display (Mechanical/Thermal

indices)
The E-CUBE 9 ultrasound system displays Mechanical index (MI) and
Thermal index (TI) on the upper right side of the screen as shown below.

The acoustic output display has three values as follows:

 Mechanical Index (MI)

 Thermal Index (TI)

 Power value

MI is used as an indicator of the mechanical bio-effect such as cavitation in

the tissue. TI represents the ratio of total power to the power required to
raise tissue by 1°C. The power value informs you of where the system is
operating within the range of available output power.

One of the following TI values display on the screen based on the

application and type of tissue.

 Soft Tissue Thermal Index (TIS)

 Bone Thermal Index (TIB)

 Cranial Bone Thermal Index (TIC)

The TI and MI are displayed all the times. The MI and TI display start at a
value of 0.4 and increments in steps of 0.1 (values less than 0.4 are
displayed as < 0.4).

Be sure to have read and understood control explanations for

each mode used before attempting to adjust the power control or
WARNING any control that can affect Acoustic Output.

11-82
 Acoustic Output

Controls affecting acoustic output

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
The potential for producing mechanical bioeffects (MI) or thermal bioeffects
(TI) can be influenced by certain controls. The power control has the most
significant effect on Acoustic Output. Indirect effects may occur when
adjusting controls.

Controls that can influence MI and TI are detailed under the bioeffects
portion of each control in the Image chapter. Always observe the acoustic
output display for possible effects.

To minimize exposure time and keep ultrasound levels low, operate your
system by using the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle,
increasing output only when you needed to obtain diagnostic image quality.
It is recommended that all users receive ALARA training program. The
ALARA training program by ALPINION application specialists provides you
with basic ultrasound principles, possible biological effects, the derivation
and meaning of the indices, ALARA principles, and examples of specific
applications of the ALARA principle.

11-83
 Acoustic Output

Principle of ALARA
The principle of ALARA, which stands for As Low As Reasonably Achievable,
is to keep the radiation exposure at the minimum level necessary to obtain
the diagnostic information. This principle is widely practiced in medical x-ray
protection where exposure at any level is potentially harmful. Historically,
ALARA was initiated as a cautious approach for dealing with uncertain
hazards but has since become the principle method for reducing the risk of
injury from hazards that do not have safe minimum threshold.

While no minimum thresholds for harmful bioeffects have been established

with the use of diagnostic ultrasound, the principle of ALARA can be readily
implemented on equipment incorporating an output display. As the operator
adjusts the equipment to optimize the image quality, the display
interactively updates to indicate the effect on output.

Controls that have no noticeable impact on image quality should be set to

minimize the output while controls that improve the image quality and also
increase acoustic output should be set no higher than needed to achieve a
diagnostic quality image.

11-84
 Acoustic Output

Transducer/Mode combination summary

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
System: E-CUBE 9

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Transducer Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Model Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
SC1-6 O O O N/A O O N/A
C1-6 O O O N/A O O N/A
SP1-5 O O O O O O N/A
SP3-8 O O O O O O N/A
L3-12 O O O N/A O O N/A
E3-10 O O O N/A O O N/A
SVC1-6 O O O N/A O O N/A
VC1-6 O O O N/A O O N/A
L3-12H O O O N/A O O N/A
L3-8 O O O N/A O O N/A

L3-12HWD O O O N/A O O N/A

SC1-6H O O O N/A O O N/A
SC1-4H O O O N/A O O N/A
E3-10H O O O N/A O O N/A
EN3-10 O O O N/A O O N/A

11-85
 Acoustic Output

Display resolution and measurement accuracy

When a transducer is capable of exceeding a mechanical or thermal index of
1.0, the ultrasound imaging system displays indices starting from 0.4 in
increments of 0.1 for all displayed values.

A number of factors contribute to the estimation error for the displayed index.
Variation among transducers and systems, approximation for real-time index
calculations, and measurement errors contribute to the index display error.
Measurement precision for ultrasonic intensities, pressure, center frequency, &
power is within 10%, 6%, 7% and 10% respectively. The total estimated display
accuracy is +/-15% for MI and +/-30% for TI. Definitions for these parameters
can be found in the AIUM/NEMA document entitled Standard for Real-Time
Display of Thermal and Mechanical Acoustic Output Indices on Diagnostic
Ultrasound Equipment (also known as the Output Display Standard)

Default Displayed MI and TI Values by Transducer 

(Per transducer/mode that exceeds default MI or TI value of 0.4)

General Imaging

Mode of Operation
B M PW BC BCD THI
Transducer
MI TI MI TI MI TI MI TI MI TI MI TI
0.8 0.8 2.2 1.1 2.4 0.5
SC1-6 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.5
2.4 1.9 3.2 5.2 4.9 1.5
1.2 0.8 1.5 3.7 1.3 1.1
L3-12 0.9 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.3 3.7 0.7 1.3 0.8 1.1
3.3 3.3 2.1 6.1 2.5 3.3
2.2 1.4 3.9 3.8 3.0 1.2
E3-10 1.0 2.2 0.9 1.2 0.8 1.3 1.3 3.8 0.8 2.1 1.1 1.2
2.3 2.3 4.1 6.0 4.1 1.5
0.9 0.7 1.7 2.4 0.6 0.6
SP1-5 1.4 0.9 1.1 2.3 0.5 1.6 1.0 2.4 0.4 1.9 - 0.6
1.5 1.5 - 3.6 1.1 1.2
0.8 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.2 0.7
SVC1-6 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.7
2.2 1.9 2.9 3.7 0.7 2.8
0.6 0.5 1.6 1.1 1.8 1.2
C1-6 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7 3.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 2.5 0.8 1.2
6.0 4.2 5.2 5.7 4.6 4.5

11-86
 Acoustic Output

0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.4

11
VC1-6 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 1.3 1.0 1.4
2.0 1.5 2.9 2.2 2.3 3.0

Safety and Regulatory Information

0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.7
L3-12H 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.5 0.8 2.2 - -
1.4 1.5 0.5 1.4 2.2
1.0 0.2 3.5 1.9 1.8 0.9
L3-8 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.2 1.1 3.2 1.0 1.9 0.8 3.9 1.2 0.9
5.3 3.5 6.0 5.9 4.5 4.3
2.4 2.1 2.1 2.3 1.1 2.7
SP3-8 0.9 2.4 0.9 2.1 0.6 0.8 0.8 2.3 0.4 0.7 1.0 2.7
2.8 2.2 1.9 2.2 0.9 2.9
0.8 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.7
L3-12HWD 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.7 2.3 0.9 0.7
3.0 2.3 0.5 1.8 2.2 3.4
2.1 1.6 1.7 2.4 2.1 1.0
SC1-6H 0.8 2.1 0.7 1.6 0.6 1.8 0.8 2.4 0.5 1.7 1.0 1.0
3.9 3.1 2.9 6.0 4.2 2.9
- - 2.0 0.4 0.3 -
SC1-4H 0.7 - 0.7 - 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.3 1.1 -
1.1 1.1 5.7 5.6 3.2 1.4
- - 1.6 - 1.3 -
E3-10H 0.6 - 0.6 - 0.8 1.5 0.7 - 0.9 1.2 0.7 -
3.5 3.5 2.1 3.9 4.3 2.5
- - 0.6 0.7 1.3 -
EN3-10 0.7 - 0.7 - - - 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.8 -
0.5 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.6 0.5

S: Soft Tissue Index, B: Bone Thermal Index, C: Cranial Thermal Index

11-87
 Acoustic Output

Output range summary format

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: SC1-6

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Output Levels Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
(est.)
492.5
Max ISPTA.3 83.71 21.1 NA 237.88 146.87 NA
0
392.4
Min ISPTA.3 17.61 1.02 NA 24.21 8.48 NA
2
Max MI (or
1.02 0.83 0.59 NA 0.84 0.60 NA
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.44 0.10 0.41 NA 0.46 0.10 NA
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.79 0.11 2.22 NA 1.05 2.45 NA

Min TIS 0.18 0.01 0.72 NA 0.36 0.66 NA

Max TIB 0.79 0.44 0.79 NA 1.05 0.99 NA

Min TIB 0.18 0.01 0.33 NA 0.36 0.32 NA

Max TIC 2.35 0.37 3.15 NA 5.16 4.95 NA

Min TIC 0.53 0.10 1.52 NA 1.63 1.03 NA

11-88
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: L3-12H

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Other
Maximum Color Combined
B M PWD CWD (Specify
Output Doppler (Specify)
)
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 30.43 53.4 499.70 NA 476.29 526.41 NA

Min ISPTA.3 5.67 1.72 386.80 NA 278.95 40.63 NA

Max MI (or
0.66 0.74 0.70 NA 1.18 0.83 NA
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.41 0.28 0.52 NA 0.37 0.12 NA
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.39 3.17 0.23 NA 0.49 0.69 NA

Min TIS 0.03 0.28 0.01 NA 0.22 0.13 NA

Max TIB 0.39 3.17 0.80 NA 0.49 2.16 NA

Min TIB 0.03 0.28 0.06 NA 0.22 0.32 NA

Max TIC 1.36 2.47 0.47 NA 1.35 2.16 NA

Min TIC 0.13 2.23 0.03 NA 0.67 0.36 NA

11-89
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: L3-8

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum
Color Combined Other
Output B M PWD CWD
Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels
(est.)
Max ISPTA.3 81.2 79.1 340 N/A 226 265 N/A
Min ISPTA.3 5.87 5.45 152 N/A 23.8 38.4 N/A
Max MI
1.20 1.31 0.65 N/A 0.86 0.57 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Min MI
0.31 0.25 0.45 N/A 0.50 0.26 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.84 0.78 3.09 N/A 2.06 2.91 N/A

Min TIS 0.01 0.01 1.21 N/A 0.38 0.35 N/A
Max TIB 0.84 0.78 4.05 N/A 2.06 5.34 N/A
Min TIB 0.01 0.01 1.91 N/A 0.38 0.93 N/A
Max TIC 4.15 3.86 2.62 N/A 4.73 5.69 N/A
Min TIC 0.12 0.11 4.54 N/A 1.27 1.08 N/A

11-90
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: VC1-6

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Other
Maximum Color Combined
B M PWD CWD (Specify
Output Doppler (Specify)
)
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 54.48 40.3 497.73 NA 129.06 86.36 N/A

Min ISPTA.3 21.47 21.2 4.66 NA 16.93 32.90 N/A

Max MI
0.94 0.76 0.57 NA 0.70 0.46 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Min MI
0.67 0.67 0.13 NA 0.43 0.26 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.80 0.53 0.73 NA 0.56 0.75 N/A

Min TIS 0.37 0.20 0.05 NA 0.29 0.37 N/A

Max TIB 0.80 6.00 1.91 NA 0.56 1.31 N/A

Min TIB 0.37 0.20 0.06 NA 0.29 0.58 N/A

Max TIC 1.99 6.00 2.85 NA 2.22 2.34 N/A

Min TIC 1.09 0.55 0.12 NA 1.54 1.31 N/A

11-91
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: C1-6

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
Output B M PWD CWD Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels
(est.)
496.9
Max ISPTA.3 80.93 134 NA 233.83 230.31 N/A
5
406.6
Min ISPTA.3 27.59 65.5 NA 20.72 37.09 N/A
3
Max MI 
0.88 1.00 0.66 NA 0.86 0.63 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Min MI 
0.44 0.67 0.35 NA 0.33 0.14 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.56 1.09 1.64 NA 1.12 1.78 N/A

Min TIS 0.22 0.52 0.40 NA 0.35 0.27 N/A

Max TIB 0.56 1.09 3.18 NA 1.12 2.51 N/A

Min TIB 0.22 1.45 0.41 NA 0.35 0.28 N/A

Max TIC 6.00 3.67 5.16 NA 5.67 4.59 N/A

Min TIC 2.26 2.00 1.21 NA 2.33 0.85 N/A

11-92
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: SP1-5

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Other
Maximum Color Combined
(Specify
Output B M PWD CWD Doppler (Specify)
)
Levels
(est.)
Max ISPTA.3 91.0 45.9 642 246 197 90.4 N/A
Min ISPTA.3 19.7 45.0 114 0.18 10.2 15.8 N/A
Max MI 
1.08 0.54 0.79 0.06 1.05 0.72 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Min MI 
0.62 0.52 0.39 0.00 0.51 0.22 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 1.84 0.19 1.86 1.70 3.17 1.03 N/A

Min TIS 0.94 0.18 0.86 0.11 1.13 0.51 N/A
Max TIB 1.84 1.45 6.00 1.70 3.17 2.11 N/A
Min TIB 0.94 1.26 4.90 0.11 1.13 1.35 N/A
Max TIC 2.67 0.76 5.47 3.75 3.99 2.20 N/A
Min TIC 1.44 0.73 2.92 0.24 2.03 1.09 N/A

11-93
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: SP3-8

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
Output B M PWD CWD Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels
(est.)
Max ISPTA.3 30.5 27.2 493 1.23 379 72.9 N/A
Min ISPTA.3 12.6 11.2 168 0.68 147 21.3 N/A
Max MI 
0.88 0.46 0.61 0.003 0.82 0.41 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Min MI 
0.56 0.11 0.27 0.001 0.19 0.11 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 2.40 1.97 2.06 1.13 2.27 1.07 N/A

Min TIS 1.29 0.98 0.68 0.12 0.87 0.46 N/A
Max TIB 2.40 1.97 0.79 1.13 2.27 0.70 N/A
Min TIB 1.29 0.98 0.28 0.12 0.87 0.40 N/A
Max TIC 2.78 2.46 1.91 1.74 2.17 0.93 N/A
Min TIC 1.53 1.29 0.62 0.18 1.44 0.50 N/A

11-94
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: L3-12

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Output Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 26.47 18.9 509.44 NA 551.10 420.01 N/A

Min ISPTA.3 10.05 4.18 400.10 NA 376.14 40.14 N/A

Max MI
0.89 1.22 0.82 NA 1.29 0.71 N/A
(or ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.52 0.46 0.52 NA 0.31 0.14 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 1.21 3.85 1.52 NA 3.72 1.29 N/A

Min TIS 0.46 0.23 0.30 NA 0.74 0.54 N/A

Max TIB 1.21 2.99 1.26 NA 3.72 1.27 N/A

Min TIB 0.46 0.23 0.53 NA 1.00 0.76 N/A

Max TIC 3.30 3.95 2.07 NA 6.00 2.51 N/A

Min TIC 1.90 1.83 0.52 NA 2.05 1.25 N/A

11-95
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: E3-10

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Output Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels (est.)
365.0
Max ISPTA.3 86.45 137 NA 332.76 404.19 N/A
4
Min ISPTA.3 18.28 55.6 41.59 NA 108.25 101.17 N/A
Max MI (or
1.01 0.82 0.75 NA 1.29 0.80 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.51 0.58 0.27 NA 0.54 0.28 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 2.22 0.78 3.91 NA 3.84 2.98 N/A

Min TIS 0.47 0.32 0.50 NA 2.08 1.08 N/A

Max TIB 2.22 0.84 1.30 NA 3.84 2.13 N/A

Min TIB 0.47 0.31 0.27 NA 2.08 0.50 N/A

Max TIC 2.26 1.28 4.05 NA 6.00 4.11 N/A

Min TIC 0.88 0.77 1.06 NA 3.09 1.27 N/A

11-96
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: SVC1-6

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Combine Other
Maximum Color
B M PWD CWD d (Specify
Output Doppler
(Specify) )
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 47.14 131 397.80 NA 129.75 10.81 N/A

Min ISPTA.3 14.57 29.4 202.79 NA 8.62 6.61 N/A

Max MI (or
0.80 0.96 0.49 NA 0.66 0.20 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.50 0.48 0.29 NA 0.29 0.07 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.79 0.51 1.07 NA 0.85 0.23 N/A

Min TIS 0.17 0.11 0.31 NA 0.24 0.10 N/A

Max TIB 0.79 0.99 1.50 NA 0.85 0.29 N/A

Min TIB 0.17 0.54 0.50 NA 0.24 0.13 N/A

Max TIC 2.19 1.26 2.85 NA 3.73 0.66 N/A

Min TIC 1.13 0.40 1.00 NA 1.35 0.38 N/A

11-97
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: L3-12HWD

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Output Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 19.24 9.46 456.73 NA 363.56 360.74 N/A

Min ISPTA.3 4.94 1.09 234.21 NA 156.44 145.14 N/A

Max MI (or
0.82 0.70 0.55 NA 0.83 0.67 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.47 0.35 0.43 NA 0.32 0.22 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.80 0.27 0.23 NA 0.44 0.70 N/A

Min TIS 0.01 0.17 0.02 NA 0.11 0.07 N/A

Max TIB 0.80 0.27 0.80 NA 0.44 2.33 N/A

Min TIB 0.01 0.13 0.06 NA 0.11 0.16 N/A

Max TIC 2.95 2.09 0.47 NA 1.75 2.16 N/A

Min TIC 0.12 1.03 0.03 NA 0.43 0.39 N/A

11-98
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: SC1-6H

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Other
Maximum Color Combined
B M PWD CWD (Specify
Output Doppler (Specify)
)
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 76.63 35.87 487.91 NA 313.84 105.18 N/A

Min ISPTA.3 20.35 5.09 423.68 NA 25.28 49.79 N/A

Max MI (or
0.83 0.72 0.62 NA 0.80 0.54 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.37 0.13 0.44 NA 0.34 0.28 N/A
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 2.05 0.80 1.65 NA 2.36 2.10 N/A

Min TIS 0.64 0.27 0.63 NA 0.46 0.73 N/A

Max TIB 2.05 0.98 1.77 NA 2.36 1.65 N/A

Min TIB 0.64 0.16 0.61 NA 0.46 0.60 N/A

Max TIC 3.87 1.87 2.86 NA 6.00 4.22 N/A

Min TIC 2.42 2.05 1.77 NA 2.91 2.35 N/A

11-99
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: SC1-4H

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Color Combine Other
Maximum
B M PWD CWD Dopple d (Specif
Output Levels
r (Specify) y)
(est.)
Max ISPTA.3 48.6 48.6 487 NA 155 155 NA

Min ISPTA.3 15.7 15.7 331 NA 5.90 5.90 NA

Max MI (or
0.80 0.80 0.58 NA 1.08 1.08 NA
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.57 0.57 0.47 NA 0.41 0.41 NA
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.28 0.28 4.29 NA 0.58 0.58 NA

Min TIS 0.03 0.03 2.04 NA 0.03 0.03 NA

Max TIB 0.28 0.28 2.53 NA 0.58 0.58 NA

Min TIB 0.03 0.03 1.07 NA 0.03 0.03 NA

Max TIC 2.17 2.17 6.00 NA 5.94 5.94 NA

Min TIC 1.36 1.36 3.89 NA 3.55 3.55 NA

11-100
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

11
Transducer: E3-10H

Safety and Regulatory Information

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation
Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Output Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels (est.)
Max ISPTA.3 52.8 52.8 493 NA 174 346 NA

Min ISPTA.3 3.77 3.77 127 NA 11.4 24.7 NA

Max MI (or
0.86 0.86 0.97 NA 0.84 1.15 NA
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.37 0.37 0.36 NA 0.35 0.49 NA
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.11 0.11 2.67 NA 0.20 1.37 NA

Min TIS 0.04 0.04 0.75 NA 0.02 0.69 NA

Max TIB 0.11 0.11 2.76 NA 0.20 1.37 NA

Min TIB 0.04 0.04 0.99 NA 0.02 0.69 NA

Max TIC 4.05 4.05 4.84 NA 5.15 4.65 NA

Min TIC 1.20 1.20 2.03 NA 3.66 1.24 NA

11-101
 Acoustic Output

System: E-CUBE 9

Transducer: EN3-10

N/A: Not Applicable

Mode of Operation

Global
Maximum Color Combined Other
B M PWD CWD
Output Doppler (Specify) (Specify)
Levels (est.)
260.
Max ISPTA.3 50.22 0.00 NA 220.06 132.86 NA
29

70.2
Min ISPTA.3 19.38 0.00 NA 187.40 36.17 NA
2

Max MI (or
0.66 0.00 0.45 NA 0.67 0.53 NA
ISPPA.3)

Min MI (or
0.47 0.00 0.21 NA 0.55 0.23 NA
ISPPA.3)

Max TIS 0.03 0.00 0.99 NA 0.09 0.65 NA

Min TIS 0.01 0.00 0.40 NA 0.04 0.41 NA

Max TIB 0.03 0.00 0.05 NA 0.09 0.06 NA

Min TIB 0.01 0.00 0.02 NA 0.04 0.03 NA

Max TIC 0.65 0.00 1.42 NA 2.09 2.12 NA

Min TIC 0.58 0.00 0.84 NA 1.78 1.61 NA

11-102
 Acoustic Output

Acoustic output reporting table

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Transducer: SC1-6

Operating mode: 2D

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.02 0.79 - - - 2.35

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.43

P Wo mW 134 - - 153

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 4.80
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 1.97 2.12 - - - 1.94

Dim of X cm 1.30 - - - 1.54

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-103
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.52

prr PRF Hz 2640

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.97
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 13.0 - - 16.0

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
94.6
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 2.50 - - - 2.50

Focal Zone cm 8.00 13.0 - - - 16.0

Operating Control Conditions

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-104
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.92 0.49 - - - 1.50

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.26

P Wo mW 88.4 - - 97.3
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -
zbp zbp cm -
zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 5.00
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 1.89 1.95 - - - 1.94

Dim of X cm 1.30 - - - 1.54

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-105
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.59
prr PRF Hz 2640
pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.67
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 13.0 - - 16.0

Focal
length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
86.9
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.00 2.00 - - - 2.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 13.0 - - - 16.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-106
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.84 - - 2.45 4.95 5.16

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.20

P Wo mW - - 164 175

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I 35.3
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm 6.60

zbp zbp cm 2.44

zb zsp cm 2.60

z at
zsp cm 4.90
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.86

fawf fc MHz 2.04 - - 2.96 2.96 2.95

Dim of X cm - - 1.54 0.38 043

Aaprt
Y cm - - 1.35 1.35 1.35

11-107
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.52

prr PRF Hz 2169

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.70
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.79
max Ipi ax

FLX cm - - 16.5 3.80

Focal
length FLY cm - - 7.50 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
70.8
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 - - 3.00 3.00 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 7.70 - - 16.5 3.30 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm 0.00 - - 0.50 1.50 0.00

Power % 100 - - 100 100 100

Mode type D - - D D D

11-108
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.84 2.45 - - - 5.16

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.20

P Wo mW 211 - - 175
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -
zbp zbp cm -
zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 4.90
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.04 2.96 - - - 2.95

Dim of X cm 1.54 - - - 0.43

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-109
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.52
prr PRF Hz 2169
pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.70
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 16.5 - - 3.80

Focal
length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
70.8
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.00 - - - 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 7.70 16.5 - - - 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-110
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.62 2.48 - - - 4.58

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.07

P Wo mW 181 - - 149
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 2.70
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.96 2.96 - - - 2.96

Dim of X cm 1.39 - - - 0.38

Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-111
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.53

prr PRF Hz 1680

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.19
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 13.2 - - 3.30

Focal
length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
49.3
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.00 3.00 - - - 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 13.2 - - - 3.30

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-112
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: C1-6

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.88 0.56 - - - 6.00

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.37

P Wo mW 165 - - 119

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 4.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.42 2.82 - - - 2.90

Dim of X cm 0.38 - - - 0.14

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-113
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.56

prr PRF Hz 5314

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.98
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.80 - - 1.50

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
127
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.50 - - - 3.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 6.50 3.80 - - - 1.50

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-114
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: C1-6

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.81 1.15 - - - 4.48

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.21

P Wo mW 133 - - 146

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 4.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.20 2.29 - - - 2.37

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.38

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-115
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.70

prr PRF Hz 2580

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.65
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 10.0 - - 3.80

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
94.0
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.00 2.20 - - - 2.20

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 6.50 10.0 - - - 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-116
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: C1-6

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.66 - 1.64 - 3.18 5.16

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.04

P Wo mW - 96.5 335 335

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 4.50

z at
zsp cm 5.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.70

fawf fc MHz 2.50 - 2.96 - 2.50 2.50

Dim of X cm - 0.38 - 1.54 1.54

Aaprt Y cm - 1.35 - 1.35 1.35

11-117
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.95

prr PRF Hz 2130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.59
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.49
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 3.30 - 19.8

length FLY cm - 7.50 - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
74.7
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 - 3.00 - 2.50 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 6.60 - 3.30 3- 19.8 19.8

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-118
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: C1-6

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.86 1.78 - - - 5.67

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.36

P Wo mW 151 - - 141

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
ta.α(zs)]
Associated Acoustic Parameter

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 5.50
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.48 2.96 - 2.99

Dim of X cm 0.38 - 0.24

Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - 1.35

11-119
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.49

prr PRF Hz 5400

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.07
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.30 - - 1.50

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
130
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.00 - - - 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 7.70 3.30 - - 1.50

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - BC

11-120
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: C1-6

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.72 1.53 - - - 4.47

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.25

P Wo mW 111 - - 192

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 2.50
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.96 2.96 - - - 2.96

Dim of X cm 0.38 - - - 0.67

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-121
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.50

prr PRF Hz 930

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.31
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.30 - - 6.60

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
72.4
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.00 3.00 - - - 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 3.30 - - - 6.60

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-122
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP1-5

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.08 1.74 - - - 2.67

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.65

P Wo mW 125 - - 87.4
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 4.20
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.33 2.18 - - - 2.99

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.39

Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-123
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.44

prr PRF Hz 2700

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.32
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 16.0 - - 3.30

Focal
length FLY cm 7.00 - - 7.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
177
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.50 3.50 - - - 3.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.60 16.0 - - - 3.30

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-124
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP1-5

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.80 1.84 - - - 2.74

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.15

P Wo mW 140 - - 140
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 4.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.06 1.99 - - - 1.99

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-125
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.70

prr PRF Hz 1320

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.52
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 19.0 - - 19.0

Focal
length FLY cm 7.00 - - 7.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
75.7
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.00 2.00 - - - 2.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.60 19.0 - - - 19.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-126
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP1-5

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.79 - 1.86 - 6 5.47

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.36

P Wo mW - 140 121 140

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 2.10
z at
zsp cm 5.00
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.49

fawf fc MHz 2.94 - 2.49 - 2.00 2.49

Dim of X cm - 0.24 - 0.63 0.24

Aaprt
Y cm - 1.35 - 1.35 1.35

11-127
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.63

prr PRF Hz 2500

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.26
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.44
max Ipi ax

FLX cm - 1.20 - 1.20

Focal
length FLY cm - 7.00 - 7.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
97.7
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.00 - 2.50 - 2.00 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.20 - 1.20 - 3.20 1.20

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.50 0.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-128
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP1-5

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.05 3.17 - - - 3.99

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.55

P Wo mW 205 - - 79.9
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 5.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.18 2.01 - - - 2.04

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.54

Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-129
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.68

prr PRF Hz 2178

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.21
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 8.00 - - 2.70

Focal
length FLY cm 7.00 - - 7.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
159
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 2.00 - - - 2.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 8.00 - - - 2.70

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-130
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP1-5

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.58 0.84 - - - 2.46

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.82

P Wo mW 107 - - 107
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 4.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.00 2.93 - - - 2.93

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-131
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.75

prr PRF Hz 1500

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.14
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 5.50 - - 5.50

Focal
length FLY cm 7.00 - - 7.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
27.5
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.00 3.00 - - - 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.20 5.50 - - - 5.50

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 1.00 - - - 1.00

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-132
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP1-5

11
Operating mode: CWD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.06 - - 1.70 1.70 3.75

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.10

P Wo mW - - 179 17
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I 135
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm 2.00

zbp zbp cm 1.80

zb zsp cm 4.70
z at
zsp cm 4.70
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.70

fawf fc MHz 2.00 - - 2.00 2.00 2.00

Dim of X cm - - 0.84 0.84 0.84

Aaprt
Y cm - - 1.35 1.35 1.35

11-133
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 5.02

prr PRF Hz -
pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 0.13
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.69
max Ipi ax

FLX cm - - 8.00 8.00

Focal
length FLY cm - - 7.00 7.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
0.02
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.00 - - 2.00 2.00 2.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 - - 8.00 8.00 8.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 - - 100 100 100

Mode type CWD - - CWD CWD CWD

11-134
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.89 1.21 - - - 3.30

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.14

P Wo mW 92.2 - - 103
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 1.20
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 5.81 6.89 - - - 6.20

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt
Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-135
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.23

prr PRF Hz 7344

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 3.07
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 9.00 - - 6.80

Focal
length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
189
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 10.0 - - - 7.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.90 9.00 - - - 6.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-136
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.82 1.10 - - - 3.39

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.97

P Wo mW 106 - - 106
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 2.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 5.76 5.66 - - - 5.66

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt
Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-137
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.31

prr PRF Hz 7344

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 3.00
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 9.00 - - 9.00

Focal
length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
154
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.60 5.40 - - - 5.40

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.90 9.00 - - - 9.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-138
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.82 - 1.52 - 1.26 2.07

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.03

P Wo mW - 37.9 37.9 37.9

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 1.80
z at
zsp cm 1.80
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.22

fawf fc MHz 6.15 - 6.15 - 6.15 6.15

Dim of X cm - 0.33 - 0.33 0.33

Aaprt
Y cm - 0.50 - 0.50 0.50

11-139
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.22

prr PRF Hz 2130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.98
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.22
max Ipi ax

FLX cm - 2.20 - 2.20

Focal
length FLY cm - 2.00 - 2.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
171
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.50 - 6.50 - 6.50 6.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.20 - 2.20 - 2.20 2.20

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-140
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.29 3.72 - - - 6.00

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 3.19

P Wo mW 191 - - 191
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 1.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 6.11 6.13 - - - 6.13

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt
Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-141
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.62

prr PRF Hz 9830

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 4.28
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 7.80 - - 7.80

Focal
length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
399
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 6.00 - - - 6.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.50 7.80 - - - 7.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-142
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.79 1.63 - - - 2.61

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.97

P Wo mW 47.1 - - 18.6
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 1.80
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 6.15 6.15 - - - 5.37

Dim of X cm 0.33 - - - 0.18

Aaprt
Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-143
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.22

prr PRF Hz 2130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.75
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 2.20 - - 1.10

Focal
length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
152
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 6.00 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.20 2.20 - - - 1.10

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 1.50 - - - 0.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-144
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.01 2.22 - - - 2.26

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.24

P Wo mW 53.5 - - 53.5
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 4.95 5.90 - - - 5.90

Dim of X cm 0.46 - - - 0.46

Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

11-145
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.25

prr PRF Hz 2160

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.91
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 3.60 - - 3.60

Focal
length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
169
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.00 6.70 - - - 6.70

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.60 3.60 - - - 3.60

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-146
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.10 1.20 - - - 1.52

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.36

P Wo mW 40.7 - - 42.4
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 1.90
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 4.63 4.60 - - - 4.62

Dim of X cm 0.64 - - - 0.64

Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

11-147
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.26

prr PRF Hz 2160

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 3.11
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 6.30 - - 8.30

Focal
length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
228
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.50 4.50 - - - 4.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.60 6.30 - - - 8.30

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-148
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.75 - 3.91 - 1.30 4.05

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.85

P Wo mW - 95.9 95.9 95.9

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 2.40
z at
zsp cm 2.40
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.37

fawf fc MHz 6.11 - 6.11 - 6.11 6.11

Dim of X cm - 0.46 - 0.46 0.46

Aaprt
Y cm - 0.60 - 0.60 0.60

11-149
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.26

prr PRF Hz 2130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.86
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.37
max Ipi ax

FLX cm - 3.00 - 3.00

Focal
length FLY cm - 3.50 - 3.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
121
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 - 6.00 - 6.00 6.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.00 - 3.00 - 3.00 3.00

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-150
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.29 3.84 - - - 6.00

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.96

P Wo mW 86.2 - - 104
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 5.29 5.00 - - - 6.08

Dim of X cm 0.64 - - - 0.26

Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

11-151
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.70

prr PRF Hz 9830

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 3.62
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 5.60 - - 1.00

Focal
length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
387
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.50 5.50 - - - 6.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.00 5.60 - - - 1.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - 0.5

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BCD

11-152
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.77 2.12 - - - 2.80

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.72

P Wo mW 65.5 - - 65.5
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 2.40
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 5.00 5.00 - - - 5.00

Dim of X cm 0.46 - - - 0.46

Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

11-153
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.51

prr PRF Hz 1680

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.39
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 3.00 - - 3.00

Focal
length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
148
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.00 5.00 - - - 5.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.00 3.00 - - - 3.00

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 0.50 - - - 0.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-154
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SVC1-6

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.80 0.79 - - - 2.19

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.17

P Wo mW 68.5 - - 68.9
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 4.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.13 2.93 - - - 2.16

Dim of X cm 0.79 - - - 0.37

Aaprt
Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-155
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.51

prr PRF Hz 4860

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.59
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 8.00 - - 3.80

Focal
length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
67.2
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.60 - - - 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 6.50 8.00 - - - 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-156
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SVC1-6

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.77 0.65 - - - 2.82

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.12

P Wo mW 66.4 - - 59.0
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 5.00
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.14 2.17 - - - 2.16

Dim of X cm 0.37 - - - 0.17

Aaprt
Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-157
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.39

prr PRF Hz 4670

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.62
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 3.80 - - 1.50

Focal
length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
93.0
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 2.50 - - - 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 3.80 - - - 1.50

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-158
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SVC1-6

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.49 - 1.07 - 1.50 2.85

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.70

P Wo mW - 67.2 169 169

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 4.50
z at
zsp cm 4.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.61

fawf fc MHz 2.01 - 2.97 - 2.48 2.48

Dim of X cm - 0.37 - 1.32 1.32

Aaprt
Y cm - 1.30 - 1.30 1.30

11-159
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 3.74

prr PRF Hz 4130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.00
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.45
max Ipi ax

FLX cm - 3.30 - 16.5

Focal
length FLY cm - 8.00 - 8.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
18.4
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.00 - 3.00 - 2.50 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 6.60 - 3.30 - 16.5 16.5

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-160
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SVC1-6

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.66 0.85 - - - 3.73

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.03

P Wo mW 131 - - 127
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 5.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.42 2.99 - - - 2.95

Dim of X cm 1.12 - - - 0.46

Aaprt
Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-161
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.50

prr PRF Hz 5400

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.72
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 10.3 - - 3.80

Focal
length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
83.9
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.00 - - - 3.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 7.70 10.3 - - - 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-162
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SVC1-6

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.31 0.25 - - - 0.91

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.49

P Wo mW 19.1 - - 54.1
min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -
z at
zsp cm 2.00
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -
fawf fc MHz 2.50 2.97 - - - 2.48

Dim of X cm 0.37 - - - 0.32

Aaprt
Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-163
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.98

prr PRF Hz 930

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 0.62
Other Information

max. Ipi x

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

FLX cm 3.30 - - 16.5

Focal
length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00
Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
8.61
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.00 - - - 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 3.30 - - - 16.5

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-164
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12H

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.66 0.39 - - - 1.36

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.63

P Wo mW 34.6 - - 34.6

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 6.13 6.03 - - - 6.03

Dim of X cm 0.64 - - - 0.64

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-165
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.23

prr PRF Hz 5760

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.05
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 6.80 - - 6.80

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
96.6
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.50 6.50 - - - 6.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.20 6.80 - - - 6.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-166
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12H

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.70 - 0.23 - 0.80 0.47

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.74

P Wo mW - 12.0 12.0 12.0

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 1.30

z at
zsp cm 1.90
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.16

fawf fc MHz 6.17 - 5.37 - 5.37 5.37

Dim of X cm - 0.64 - 0.64 0.64

Aaprt Y cm - 0.50 - 0.50 0.50

11-167
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.23

prr PRF Hz 2130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.61
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.11
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 4.40 - 4.40

length FLY cm - 2.00 - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
151
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 - 5.50 - 5.50 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.20 - 4.40 - 4.40 4.40

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-168
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12H

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.18 0.69 - - - 2.16

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.93

P Wo mW 29.7 - - 29.7

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 6.15 5.38 - - - 5.38

Dim of X cm 0.18 - - - 0.18

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-169
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.61

prr PRF Hz 9830

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 3.86
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 1.10 - - 1.10

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
345
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 5.50 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.50 1.10 - - - 1.10

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-170
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12H

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.76 0.64 - - - 1.81

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.90

P Wo mW 24.4 - - 24.4

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.80
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 6.17 5.38 - - - 5.38

Dim of X cm 0.18 - - - 0.18

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-171
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.23

prr PRF Hz 2330

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.66
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 1.10 - - 1.10

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
164
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 5.50 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.20 1.10 - - - 1.10

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-172
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: VC1-6

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.94 0.80 - - - 1.99

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.41

P Wo mW 77.8 - - 118

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 4.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.26 2.45 - - - 2.18

Dim of X cm 1.00 - - - 1.33

Aaprt Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-173
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.54

prr PRF Hz 1980

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.12
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 10.0 - - 16.0

length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
86.8
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.50 - - - 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 10.0 - - - 16.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-174
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: VC1-6

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.02 1.41 - - - 3.03

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.48

P Wo mW 120 - - 180

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 4.50
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.09 2.09 - - - 2.02

Dim of X cm 0.79 - - - 1.33

Aaprt Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-175
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.57

prr PRF Hz 1980

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.07
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 8.00 - - 16.0

length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
89.9
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 2.50 - - - 2.20

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 8.00 - - - 16.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-176
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: VC1-6

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.70 - 0.75 - 2.34 2.22

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.03

P Wo mW - 75.4 138 102

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 4.70

z at
zsp cm 4.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 1.49

fawf fc MHz 2.16 - 2.28 - 2.27 2.30

Dim of X cm - 0.38 - 1.33 0.79

Aaprt Y cm - 1.30 - 1.30 1.30

11-177
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.72

prr PRF Hz 5400

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.31
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 1.28
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 3.30 - 7.70

length FLY cm - 8.00 - 8.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
49.4
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.10 - 2.30 - 2.30 2.30

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.40 - 3.30 - 23.1 7.70

Sample Volume Size cm 0.00 - 1.50 - 1.50 0.00

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-178
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: VC1-6

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.70 0.75 - - - 2.22

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.03

P Wo mW 75.4 - - 102

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 4.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.16 2.28 - - - 2.30

Dim of X cm 0.38 - - - 0.79

Aaprt Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-179
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.72

prr PRF Hz 5400

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.31
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.30 - - 7.70

length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
49.4
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.10 2.30 - - - 2.30

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.40 3.30 - - - 7.70

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-180
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: VC1-6

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.55 0.76 - - - 2.08

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.82

P Wo mW 65.4 - - 65.4

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 5.00
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.28 2.12 - - - 2.12

Dim of X cm 0.38 - - - 0.38

Aaprt Y cm 1.30 - - - 1.30

11-181
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 3.23

prr PRF Hz 1380

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.20
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.30 - - 3.30

length FLY cm 8.00 - - 8.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
35.4
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.30 2.10 - - - 2.10

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 6.60 3.30 - - - 3.30

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-182
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.88 2.40 - - - 2.78

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.84

P Wo mW 81.0 - - 101

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 2.00
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 4.36 4.27 - - - 3.57

Dim of X cm 0.48 - - - 0.48

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-183
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.29

prr PRF Hz 960

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.27
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 14.0 - - 16.0

length FLY cm 6.50 - - 6.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
150
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.50 5.50 - - - 3.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 14.0 - - - 16.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-184
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.04 2.68 - - - 2.89

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.98

P Wo mW 105 - - 105

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 2.90
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 3.60 3.77 - - - 3.77

Dim of X cm 0.48 - - - 0.48

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-185
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.58

prr PRF Hz 960

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.65
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 16.0 - - 16.0

length FLY cm 6.50 - - 6.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
155
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.40 3.80 - - - 3.80

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 16.0 - - - 16.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-186
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.61 - 2.06 - 0.79 1.91

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.21

P Wo mW - 69.2 69.2 69.2

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 3.70

z at
zsp cm 3.30
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.33

fawf fc MHz 4.00 4.44 - - 4.44 4.44

Dim of X cm 0.48 - - 0.48 0.48

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - 1.35 1.35

11-187
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.86

prr PRF Hz 2130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.88
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.31
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 6.60 - 6.60

length FLY cm - 6.50 - 6.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
83.0
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 - 4.50 - 4.50 4.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 - 6.60 - 6.60 6.60

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-188
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.82 2.27 - - - 2.17

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.17

P Wo mW 61.6 - - 61.6

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 3.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 4.38 4.38 - - - 4.38

Dim of X cm 0.48 - - - 0.48

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-189
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.87

prr PRF Hz 5400

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.85
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.80 - - 3.80

length FLY cm 6.50 - - 6.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
122
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.50 4.50 - - - 4.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.60 3.80 - - - 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-190
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.69 1.38 - - - 1.31

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.37

P Wo mW 49.1 - - 34.2

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 3.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 4.00 4.00 - - - 4.97

Dim of X cm 0.48 - - - 0.26

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-191
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.88

prr PRF Hz 930

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.21
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 7.00 - - 1.00

length FLY cm 6.50 - - 6.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
100
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 4.00 - - - 5.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 5.00 7.00 - - - 1.00

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 0.50 - - - 0.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-192
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: CWD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.003 - 1.13 - 1.13 1.74

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.006

P Wo mW - 59.2 59.2 59.2

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 1.10

z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 6.68

fawf fc MHz 4.00 - 4.00 - 4.00 4.00

Dim of X cm - 0.42 - 0.42 0.42

Aaprt Y cm - 1.35 - 1.35 1.35

11-193
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.53

prr PRF Hz -

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 0.009
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 5.42
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 8.00 - 8.00

length FLY cm - 6.50 - 6.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
0.001
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 - 4.00 - 4.00 4.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 - 8.00 - 8.00 8.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type CWD - CWD - CWD CWD

11-194
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-8

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.20 0.84 - - - 4.15

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.40

P Wo mW 130 - - 130

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 2.40
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 3.97 3.95 - - - 3.95

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-195
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.40

prr PRF Hz 3840

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 3.28
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 6.80 - - 6.80

length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
292
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 4.00 - - - 4.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.90 6.80 - - - 6.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-196
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-8

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 1.64 1.09 - - - 5.03

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 3.25

P Wo mW 157 - - 157

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 2.40
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 3.94 3.93 - - - 3.93

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-197
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.36

prr PRF Hz 3840

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 4.47
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 9.00 - - 9.00

length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
435
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 4.00 - - - 4.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.90 9.00 - - - 9.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-198
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SP3-8

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.65 - 3.09 - 4.05 4.54

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.46

P Wo mW - 138 55.0 133

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 1.10

z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.59

fawf fc MHz 4.96 - 4.98 - 4.98 4.98

Dim of X cm - 0.96 - 0.42 0.84

Aaprt Y cm - 0.50 - 0.50 0.50

11-199
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.54

prr PRF Hz 2630

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.63
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.35
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 5.90 - 5.10

length FLY cm - 3.50 - 3.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
84.1
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.00 - 5.00 - 5.00 5.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.50 - 5.90 - 2.70 5.10

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 0.50 - 0.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-200
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-8

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.86 2.91 - - - 5.69

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.90

P Wo mW 90.5 - - 90.0

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 4.92 5.31 - - - 5.29

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.54

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-201
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.75

prr PRF Hz 330

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.30
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 9.00 - - 3.20

length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
141
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 5.50 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.50 9.00 - - - 3.20

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-202
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-8

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.78 3.44 - - - 5.86

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.74

P Wo mW 159 - - 159

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 4.95 5.31 - - - 5.31

Dim of X cm 0.84 - - - 0.84

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-203
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.52

prr PRF Hz 2630

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.05
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 5.10 - - 5.10

length FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
125
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.00 5.50 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.50 5.10 - - - 5.10

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-204
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12HWD

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.82 0.80 - - - 2.95

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.02

P Wo mW 92.2 - - 92.2

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 6.08 7.60 - - - 7.60

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-205
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.22

prr PRF Hz 6168

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.39
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 9.00 - - 9.00

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
128
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 10.0 - - - 10.0

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 4.40 9.00 - - - 9.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-206
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12HWD

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.85 0.72 - - - 3.35

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.03

P Wo mW 105 - - 105

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.20
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 5.66 5.69 - - - 5.69

Dim of X cm 0.96 - - - 0.96

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-207
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.29

prr PRF Hz 4320

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.65
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 9.00 - - 9.00

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
189
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.40 5.40 - - - 5.40

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 2.20 9.00 - - - 9.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-208
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12HWD

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.55 - 0.23 - 0.80 0.47

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.24

P Wo mW - 12.8 12.8 12.8

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 1.70

z at
zsp cm 2.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.17

fawf fc MHz 5.04 - 5.36 - 5.36 5.36

Dim of X cm - 0.72 - 0.72 0.72

Aaprt Y cm - 0.50 - 0.50 0.50

11-209
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.53

prr PRF Hz 4130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.98
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.13
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 4.40 - 4.40

length FLY cm - 2.00 - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
72.2
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.00 - 5.50 - 5.50 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 - 4.40 - 4.40 4.40

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - - D

11-210
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12HWD

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.83 0.70 - - - 2.33

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 2.06

P Wo mW 29.4 - - 29.4

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.20
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 6.10 5.35 - - - 5.35

Dim of X cm 0.18 - - - 0.18

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-211
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.61

prr PRF Hz 9830

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.56
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 1.10 - - 1.10

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
174
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 6.00 5.50 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 1.50 1.10 - - - 1.10

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BCD - - - BCD

11-212
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: L3-12HWD

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.59 0.33 - - - 1.06

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.37

P Wo mW 1.47 - - 1.47

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.90
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 5.36 5.35 - - - 5.35

Dim of X cm 0.18 - - - 0.18

Aaprt Y cm 0.50 - - - 0.50

11-213
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.43

prr PRF Hz 2870

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.03
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 1.10 - - 1.10

length FLY cm 2.00 - - 2.00

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
83.8
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 5.50 5.50 - - - 5.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 1.10 - - - 1.10

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-214
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6H

11
Operating mode: 2D

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.83 2.05 - - - 3.87

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.54

P Wo mW 212 - - 212

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 1.70
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 3.43 3.57 - - - 3.57

Dim of X cm 1.09 - - - 1.09

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-215
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.22

prr PRF Hz 3720

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.46
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 16.0 - - 16.0

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
120
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 4.00 4.00 - - - 4.00

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.80 16.0 - - - 16.0

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type B B - - - B

11-216
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6H

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.95 0.98 - - - 2.83

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.46

P Wo mW 131 - - 131

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 5.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.36 2.36 - - - 2.36

Dim of X cm 0.78 - - - 0.78

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-217
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 0.48

prr PRF Hz 3720

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.23
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 8.00 - - 8.00

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
117
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.60 2.60 - - - 2.60

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 8.00 8.00 - - - 8.00

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type THI THI - - - THI

11-218
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6H

11
Operating mode: Doppler, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.62 - 1.65 - 1.77 2.86

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 0.98

P Wo mW - 76.1 91.8 91.8

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm 2.10

z at
zsp cm 2.10
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.42

fawf fc MHz 2.50 - 3.47 - 2.50 2.50

Dim of X cm - 0.37 - 0.37 0.37

Aaprt Y cm - 1.35 - 1.35 1.35

11-219
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 3.00

prr PRF Hz 4130

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.18
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm 0.41
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm - 3.30 - 3.30

length FLY cm - 7.50 - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
37.6
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 2.50 - 3.50 - 2.50 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 - 3.30 - 3.30 3.30

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode type D - D - D D

11-220
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6H

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.80 2.36 - - - 6.00

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.37

P Wo mW 296 - - 152

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 5.60
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 2.93 3.89 - - - 2.52

Dim of X cm 1.09 - - - 0.44

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-221
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 1.28

prr PRF Hz 5400

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 2.34
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 13.0 - - 3.80

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
114
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.00 4.00 - - - 2.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 7.70 13.0 - - - 3.80

Sample Volume Size cm - - - - - -

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BC BC - - - BC

11-222
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-6H

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9

TIS TIB

Index label MI non-scan non- TIC

scan
Aaprt≤1 Aaprt>1 scan

Global Maximum: Index Value 0.60 3.57 - - - 5.20

IEC FDA Units

pra pr.3 MPa 1.11

P Wo mW 161 - - 12.8

min of
min of
[(W.3(Z1)
[Pα(zs),I -
,ITA.3(z1)
Associated Acoustic Parameter

ta.α(zs)]
]

zs z1 cm -

zbp zbp cm -

zb zsp cm -

z at
zsp cm 2.70
max.Ipi,α

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm -

fawf fc MHz 3.47 3.97 - - - 3.97

Dim of X cm 0.37 - - - 0.37

Aaprt Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

11-223
 Acoustic Output

td PD μsec 2.15

prr PRF Hz 1680

pr at pr@PIIma
MPa 1.54
max. Ipi
Other Information

deq at deq@PIIm
cm -
max Ipi ax

Focal FLX cm 3.30 - - 3.30

length FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at IPA.3@MI W/
57.3
max. MI max cm2

Frequency MHz 3.50 4.00 - - - 3.50

Operating Control Conditions

Focal Zone cm 3.30 3.30 - - - 3.30

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode type BD BD - - - BD

11-224
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-4H

11
Operating mode: B

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.80 0.28 - - - 2.17

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.28

P W0 mW 140 - - 140

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 4.50

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 2.10 2.06 - - - 2.04

X cm 1.56 - - - 1.56
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

td PD μsec 0.73

prr PRF Hz 3720

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.18

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 16.0 - - 16.0

Focal length
FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 212

Frequency MHz 2.00 2.00 - - - 2.00

Focal Zone cm 6.50 16.0 - - - 16.0

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type B B - - - B

11-225
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-4H

Operating mode: THI

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 1.11 0.17 - - - 1.72

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 2.24

P W0 mW 110 - - 110

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 4.40

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 2.04 1.96 - - - 1.95

X cm 1.56 - - - 1.56
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

td PD μsec 0.90

prr PRF Hz 3720

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.98

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 16.0 - - 16.0

Focal length
FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 402

Frequency MHz 2.00 1.80 - - - 1.80

Focal Zone cm 6.50 16.0 - - - 16.0

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type THI THI - - - THI

11-226
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-4H

11
Operating mode: D, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.58 - - 4.29 2.53 6.00

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 0.92

P W0 mW
- - 278 192 192

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), 161

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 cm 2.60

zbp zbp cm 1.99

zb zsp cm 2.20

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 2.20

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.66

fawf fc MHz 2.50 - - 2.95 2.50 2.50

X cm
- - 1.02 0.37 0.37
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm
- - 1.35 1.35 1.35

td PD μsec 2.98

prr PRF Hz 4130

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 1.09

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax cm 0.53

FLX cm
- - 10.0 3.00
Focal length
FLY cm
- - 7.50 7.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 31.5

Frequency MHz 2.50 - - 3.00 2.50 2.50

Focal Zone cm 3.00 - - 10.0 3.00 3.00

Operating
Control

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 - - 0.50 0.50 0.50

Power % 100 - - 100 100 100

Mode Type D Only - - D Only D Only D Only

11-227
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-4H

Operating mode: BC, BCD

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 1.08 0.58 - - - 5.94

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.67

P W0 mW 332 - - 412

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 5.20

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 2.41 2.81 - - - 2.21

X cm 2.04 - - - 1.36
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

td PD μsec 1.07

prr PRF Hz 5400

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.55

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 20.0 - - 13.0

Focal length
FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 170

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.00 - - - 2.00

Focal Zone cm 7.70 20.0 - - - 13.0

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type BC BC - - - BC

11-228
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: SC1-4H

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.75 1.71 - - - 4.27

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.10

P W0 mW 177 - - 102

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 5.50

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 2.50 2.95 - - - 2.03

X cm 0.75 - - - 0.14
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 1.35 - - - 1.35

td PD μsec 3.01

prr PRF Hz 930

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 1.76

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 7.00 - - 1.00

Focal length
FLY cm 7.50 - - 7.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 84.5

Frequency MHz 2.50 3.00 - - - 3.00

Focal Zone cm 7.00 7.00 - - - 1.00

Operating
Control

Sample Volume Size cm 1.00 1.00 - - - 1.00

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type BD BD - - - BD

11-229
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10H

Operating mode: B

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.86 0.11 - - - 4.05

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.90

P W0 mW 78.3 - - 49.1

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.90

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 4.87 4.73 - - - 6.74

X cm 0.78 - - - 0.12
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.59 - - - 0.59

td PD μsec 0.24

prr PRF Hz 2100

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.59

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 6.30 - - 1.00

Focal length
FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 154

Frequency MHz 5.00 5.00 - - - 8.50

Focal Zone cm 3.60 6.30 - - - 1.00

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type B B - - - B

11-230
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10H

11
Operating mode: THI

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.89 0.09 - - - 3.82

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.96

P W0 mW 69.5 - - 46.3

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.80

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 4.90 4.77 - - - 5.12

X cm 0.78 - - - 0.12
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.59 - - - 0.59

td PD μsec 0.25

prr PRF Hz 1080

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.66

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 6.30 - - 1.00

Focal length
FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 150

Frequency MHz 5.00 4.50 - - - 5.00

Focal Zone cm 3.60 6.30 - - - 1.00

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type THI THI - - - THI

11-231
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10H

Operating mode: D, M

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.97 - 2.67 - 2.76 4.84

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 2.10

P W0 mW
- 142 157 157

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp cm 2.50

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.80

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.45

fawf fc MHz 4.68 - 5.69 - 4.68 4.68

X cm
- 0.86 - 0.86 0.86
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm
- 0.59 - 0.59 0.59

td PD μsec 1.60

prr PRF Hz 3630

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.78

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax cm 0.45

FLX cm
- 10.0 - 7.00
Focal length
FLY cm
- 3.50 - 3.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 160

Frequency MHz 4.70 - 5.90 - 4.70 4.70

Focal Zone cm 10.0 - 10.0 - 7.00 7.00

Operating
Control

Sample Volume Size cm 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.50 0.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode Type D Only - D Only - D Only D Only

11-232
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10H

11
Operating mode: BC, BCD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.84 0.20 - - - 5.15

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.92

P W0 mW 132 - - 85.5

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 2.60

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 5.18 5.54 - - - 5.27

X cm 0.86 - - - 0.26
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.59 - - - 0.59

td PD μsec 0.51

prr PRF Hz 4130

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.95

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 13.5 - - 1.00

Focal length
FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 164

Frequency MHz 5.30 5.90 - - - 5.30

Focal Zone cm 3.60 13.5 - - - 1.00

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type BC BC - - - BC

11-233
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: E3-10H

Operating mode: BD

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 1.04 4.11 - - - 6.00

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 2.24

P W0 mW 122 - - 118

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 2.10

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 4.67 5.68 - - - 5.69

X cm 0.43 - - - 0.26
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.59 - - - 0.59

td PD μsec 1.61

prr PRF Hz 1680

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 3.02

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 3.00 - - 1.00

Focal length
FLY cm 3.50 - - 3.50

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 173

Frequency MHz 4.70 5.90 - - - 5.90

Focal Zone cm 10.0 3.00 - - - 1.00

Operating
Control

Sample Volume Size cm 1.00 1.00 - - - 1.00

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type BD BD - - - BD

11-234
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: EN3-10

11
Operating mode: B

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.66 0.03 - - - 0.65

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.49

P W0 mW 13.3 - - 18.4

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.70

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 5.06 6.35 - - - 6.99

X cm 0.43 - - - 0.66
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

td PD μsec 0.25

prr PRF Hz 5220

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.04

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 3.60 - - 8.30

Focal length
FLY cm 2.20 - - 2.20

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 103

Frequency MHz 5.00 8.50 - - - 8.50

Focal Zone cm 6.30 3.60 - - - 8.30

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type B B - - - B

11-235
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: EN3-10

Operating mode: THI

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.94 0.01 - - - 0.59

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 2.03

P W0 mW 16.7 - - 16.7

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.70

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 4.64 4.74 - - - 4.74

X cm 0.66 - - - 0.66
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

td PD μsec 0.28

prr PRF Hz 2640

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 2.68

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 10.6 - - 10.6

Focal length
FLY cm 2.20 - - 2.20

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 128

Frequency MHz 4.50 3.80 - - - 3.80

Focal Zone cm 3.60 10.6 - - - 10.6

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type THI THI - - - THI

11-236
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: EN3-10

11
Operating mode: D, M

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.45 - 0.99 - 0.05 1.42

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.12

P W0 mW
- 25.9 40.3 40.3

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp cm 1.70

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.70

deq(zb) deq(zsp) cm 0.35

fawf fc MHz 6.14 - 6.14 - 5.00 5.00

X cm
- 0.43 - 0.66 0.66
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm
- 0.60 - 0.60 0.60

td PD μsec 1.22

prr PRF Hz 4130

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 1.72

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax cm 0.29

FLX cm
- 3.00 - 10.5
Focal length
FLY cm
- 2.20 - 2.20

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 51.5

Frequency MHz 6.00 - 6.00 - 5.00 5.00

Focal Zone cm 3.00 - 3.00 - 10.5 10.5

Operating
Control

Sample Volume Size cm 1.50 - 1.50 - 1.50 1.50

Power % 100 - 100 - 100 100

Mode Type D Only - D Only - D Only D Only

11-237
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: EN3-10

Operating mode: BC, BCD

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.67 0.65 - - - 2.09

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.40

P W0 mW 38.8 - - 59.3

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.70

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 4.36 6.13 - - - 6.08

X cm 0.45 - - - 0.66
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

td PD μsec 0.33

prr PRF Hz 4214

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 1.84

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 3.00 - - 13.5

Focal length
FLY cm 2.20 - - 2.20

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 55.0

Frequency MHz 5.00 6.00 - - - 6.00

Focal Zone cm 13.5 3.00 - - - 13.5

Operating
Control

- - - - - -
Sample Volume Size cm

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type BC BCD - - - BC

11-238
 Acoustic Output

Transducer: EN3-10

11
Operating mode: BD

Safety and Regulatory Information

System: E-CUBE 9
TIS TIB

Index Label MI non-scan TIC

non-sca
scan Aaprt ≤
Aaprt>1 n
1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.59 0.82 - - - 1.85

IEC FDA Units

pra Pr.3 MPa 1.31

P W0 mW 36.2 - - 32.1

min of min of [(W.3(Z1), -

Associated Acoustic Parameter

[Pα(zs),Ita.α(zs)] ITA.3(z1))
zs z1 -
cm

zbp zbp -
cm

zb zsp -
cm

z at max Ipi,α zsp cm 1.70

deq(zb) deq(zsp) -
cm

fawf fc MHz 4.98 6.13 - - - 6.12

X cm 0.45 - - - 0.25
Dim of Aaprt
Y cm 0.60 - - - 0.60

td PD μsec 0.26

prr PRF Hz 4214

Other Information

pr at max Ipi Pr@PIImax MPa 1.75

deq at max Ipi deq@PIImax -

cm

FLX cm 3.00 - - 1.50

Focal length
FLY cm 2.20 - - 2.20

Ipa.α at max MI IPA.3@MImax W / 95.5

Frequency MHz 5.00 6.00 - - - 6.00

Focal Zone cm 3.60 3.00 - - - 1.50

Operating
Control

Sample Volume Size cm

0.00 1.50 - - - 1.50

Power % 100 100 - - - 100

Mode Type BD BD - - - BD

11-239
11-240
 Obstetrics References

AC(ASUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.

http://www.asum.com.au/open.home.htm

Date: December 2003

AC GA AC GA
(cm) w ±d (cm) w ±d
5.2 11 07 23.0 27 14
6.3 12 07 24.2 28 14
7.4 13 07 25.9 29 14
8.4 14 07 26.2 30 14
9.6 15 07 27.2 31 21
10.6 16 07 28.3 32 21
12.0 17 07 29.4 33 21
13.1 18 10 30.5 34 21
14.0 19 10 31.5 35 21
15.1 20 10 32.5 36 28
16.4 21 10 33.3 37 28
17.6 22 10 34.2 38 28
18.6 23 10 35.6 39 28
20.1 24 10 36.2 40 28
21.2 25 10 36.7 41 28
22.3 26 14

11-241
 Obstetrics References

AC_CFEF
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

AC and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; AC (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

AC(mm) GA(Week)
095.00 15
106.40 16
118.00 17
129.20 18
140.40 19
151.40 20
162.30 21
173.00 22
183.60 23
194.00 24
204.40 25
214.50 26
224.50 27
234.40 28
244.00 29
253.60 30
263.00 31
272.20 32
281.20 33
290.20 34
298.80 35
307.40 36
316.00 37
324.70 38
332.40 39
339.00 40

11-242
 Obstetrics References

AC_Chitty

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Chitty,L.S., Altman,D.G., Henderson,A., Campbell,S.,” Charts of fetal size: 3.

Abdominal measurements”, Br.J.Obstet.Gynaecol. Vol. 101 No. 2, 1994,
pages 125-131

AC and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; AC (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

AC(cm) AC(cm)
GA(Week) GA(Week)
Median Median
5.89 12 23.91 28
7.09 13 24.94 29
8.27 14 25.96 30
9.45 15 26.96 31
10.62 16 27.95 32
11.78 17 28.92 33
12.93 18 29.88 34
14.08 19 30.82 35
15.21 20 31.74 36
16.34 21 32.64 37
17.46 22 33.53 38
18.56 23 34.40 39
19.66 24 35.25 40
20.74 25 36.08 41
21.81 26 36.89 42
22.87 27

11-243
 Obstetrics References

AC_Hadlock82
Reference

Hadlock F., “Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Age and Weight” Radiologic

Clinics of North America – Vol.28, No. 1, January 1990

GA= 7.61 + 0.7645 × AC + 0.00393 × AC²

input unit: cm

output unit: W 
Min range: 8.0cm
Max range: 35.50cm

Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 1.2 weeks

AC(cm) GA(w+d) AC(cm) GA(w+d)

08.0 13w6d 22.0 26w2d
08.5 14w1d 22.5 26w6d
09.0 14w4d 23.0 27w2d
09.5 15w0d 23.5 27w5d
10.0 15w4d 24.0 28w1d
10.5 16w1d 24.5 28w5d
11.0 16w4d 25.0 29w1d
11.5 16w6d 25.5 29w5d
12.0 17w2d 26.0 30w1d
12.5 17w6d 26.5 30w4d
13.0 18w1d 27.0 31w1d
13.5 18w4d 27.5 31w4d
14.0 19w1d 28.0 32w1d
14.5 19w4d 28.5 32w4d
15.0 20w0d 29.0 33w1d
15.5 20w3d 29.5 33w4d
16.0 20w6d 30.0 34w1d
16.5 21w2d 30.5 34w4d
17.0 21w5d 31.0 35w1d
17.5 22w1d 31.5 35w4d
18.0 22w4d 32.0 36w1d
18.5 23w1d 32.5 36w4d

11-244
 Obstetrics References

19.0 23w4d 33.0 37w1d

11
19.5 24w0d 33.5 37w4d

Safety and Regulatory Information

20.0 24w4d 34.0 38w1d
20.5 24w6d 34.5 38w5d
21.0 25w4d 35.0 39w1d
21.5 25w6d 35.5 39w5d

11-245
 Obstetrics References

AC-HADLOCK_84
Reference

Hadlock,F.P., Deter,R.L., Harrist,R.B., Park,S.K.,” Estimating fetal age:

computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters”, Radiology
Vol. 152 No. 2, 1984, pages 497-501

GA= 8.14 + 0.753 × AC + 0.0036 × AC²

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 5.0 cm
Max Range: 38.0cm

GA(weeks) ±2SD
low high (weeks)
12 18 1.66
18 24 2.06
24 30 2.18
30 36 2.96
36 42 3.04

GA
AC GA(weeks) AC GA(weeks) AC GA(weeks) AC
(weeks)
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
mean ±2SD mean ±2SD mean ±2SD mean ±2SD
50 12.0 1.7 140 19.4 2.1 230 27.4 2.2 320 35.9 3.0
55 12.4 1.7 145 19.8 2.1 235 27.8 2.2 321 36.0 3.1
60 12.8 1.7 150 20.2 2.1 240 28.3 2.2 325 36.4 3.1
65 13.2 1.7 155 20.7 2.1 245 28.7 2.2 330 36.9 3.1
70 13.6 1.7 160 21.1 2.1 250 29.2 2.2 335 37.4 3.1
75 14.0 1.7 165 21.5 2.1 255 29.7 2.2 340 37.9 3.1
80 14.4 1.7 170 22.0 2.1 258 30.0 2.2 345 38.4 3.1
85 14.8 1.7 175 22.4 2.1 259 30.1 3.0 350 38.9 3.1
90 15.2 1.7 180 22.9 2.1 260 30.2 3.0 355 39.4 3.1
95 15.6 1.7 185 23.3 2.1 265 30.6 3.0 360 39.9 3.1
100 16.0 1.7 190 23.7 2.1 270 31.1 3.0 365 40.4 3.1
105 16.4 1.7 192 23.9 2.1 275 31.6 3.0 370 40.9 3.1
110 16.9 1.7 193 24.0 2.2 280 32.0 3.0 375 41.4 3.1

11-246
 Obstetrics References

115 17.3 1.7 195 24.2 2.2 285 32.5 3.0 380 42.0 3.1

11
120 17.7 1.7 200 24.6 2.2 290 33.0 3.0 385 42.5 3.1
123 17.9 1.7 205 25.1 2.2 295 33.5 3.0

Safety and Regulatory Information

124 18.0 2.1 210 25.5 2.2 300 34.0 3.0
125 18.1 2.1 215 26.0 2.2 305 34.5 3.0
130 18.5 2.1 220 26.4 2.2 310 34.9 3.0
135 19.0 2.1 225 26.9 2.2 315 35.4 3.0

11-247
 Obstetrics References

AC_Hansmann
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p.431.

AC GA
(cm) (weeks)
05.30 12
06.30 13
07.50 14
08.50 15
09.70 16
10.70 17
11.60 18
12.60 19
13.50 20
14.50 21
15.50 22
16.50 23
17.30 24
18.30 25
19.10 26
20.20 27
21.10 28
22.20 29
23.00 30
24.00 31
24.90 32
25.80 33
26.80 34
27.70 35
28.70 36
29.60 37
30.60 38
31.50 39
32.00 40

11-248
 Obstetrics References

AC_Jeanty

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Cantraine F. “Normal Growth of the Abdominal

Perimeter” American Journal of Perinatology; Volume 1 Number 2; January
1984; pages 129-135

AC and GA Values are taken from the Fetal Growth Table and
converted to a Fetal Age Table
NOTE

AC GA AC GA AC GA
(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
05.00 11w2d 14.00 19w6d 23.00 28w3d
05.50 11w5d 14.50 20w2d 23.50 29w0d
06.00 12w1d 15.00 20w6d 24.00 29w3d
06.50 12w5d 15.50 21w2d 24.50 30w0d
07.00 13w1d 16.00 21w5d 25.00 30w4d
07.50 13w4d 16.50 22w2d 25.50 31w1d
08.00 14w1d 17.00 22w5d 26.00 31w5d
08.50 14w4d 17.50 23w1d 26.50 32w2d
09.00 15w0d 18.00 23w5d 27.00 32w6d
09.50 15w4d 18.50 24w1d 27.50 33w3d
10.00 16w0d 19.00 24w4d 28.00 34w1d
10.50 16w3d 19.50 25w1d 28.50 34w6d
11.00 17w0d 20.00 25w4d 29.00 35w4d
11.50 17w3d 20.50 26w0d 29.50 36w2d
12.00 17w6d 21.00 26w4d 30.00 37w0d
12.50 18w3d 21.50 27w0d 30.50 37w6d
13.00 18w6d 22.00 27w3d 31.00 38w6d
13.50 19w2d 22.50 28w0d 31.50 39w6d

11-249
 Obstetrics References

AC_JSUM
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

AC GA(w+d/d) AC GA(w+d/d)
(cm) mean ±1SD (cm) mean ±1SD
10.00 15w3d 08 21.50 27w0d 12
10.50 16w0d 08 22.00 27w3d 12
11.00 16w4d 08 22.50 28w0d 12
11.50 17w0d 08 23.00 28w4d 12
12.00 17w4d 09 23.50 29w0d 12
12.50 18w0d 09 24.00 29w4d 13
13.00 18w4d 09 24.50 30w1d 13
13.50 19w0d 09 25.00 30w5d 13
14.00 19w4d 09 25.50 31w2d 13
14.50 20w0d 09 26.00 31w6d 13
15.00 20w3d 10 26.50 32w3d 13
15.50 21w0d 10 27.00 33w1d 13
16.00 21w3d 10 27.50 33w5d 14
16.50 22w0d 10 28.00 34w2d 14
17.00 22w3d 10 28.50 35w0d 14
17.50 22w6d 10 29.00 35w4d 14
18.00 23w3d 11 29.50 36w2d 14
18.50 23w6d 11 30.00 37w0d 14
19.00 24w3d 11 30.50 37w5d 14
19.50 24w6d 11 31.00 38w2d 15
20.00 25w3d 11 31.50 39w0d 15
20.50 25w6d 11 32.00 39w6d 15
21.00 26w3d 12 32.50 40w4d 15

11-250
 Obstetrics References

AC(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

AC GA AC GA AC GA AC GA AC GA AC GA AC GA AC GA
(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
5.7 12w0d 9.7 15w4d 13.7 19w0d 17.7 22w5d 21.7 26w4d 25.7 30w4d 29.7 34w6d 33.7 39w4d

5.8 12w1d 9.8 15w4d 13.8 19w1d 17.8 22w6d 21.8 26w4d 25.8 30w5d 29.8 35w0d 33.8 39w5d

5.9 12w1d 9.9 15w5d 13.9 19w2d 17.9 22w6d 21.9 26w5d 25.9 30w5d 29.9 35w1d 33.9 39w6d

6.0 12w2d 10.0 15w5d 14.0 19w2d 18.0 23w0d 22.0 26w6d 26.0 30w6d 30.0 35w2d 34.0 40w0d

6.1 12w3d 10.1 15w6d 14.1 19w3d 18.1 23w1d 22.1 27w0d 26.1 31w0d 30.1 35w2d 34.1 40w1d

6.2 12w3d 10.2 16w0d 14.2 19w4d 18.2 23w1d 22.2 27w0d 26.2 31w1d 30.2 35w3d 34.2 40w2d

6.3 12w4d 10.3 16w0d 14.3 19w4d 18.3 23w2d 22.3 27w1d 26.3 31w1d 30.3 35w4d 34.3 40w3d

6.4 12w4d 10.4 16w1d 14.4 19w5d 18.4 23w3d 22.4 27w2d 26.4 31w2d 30.4 35w5d 34.4 40w4d

6.5 12w5d 10.5 16w1d 14.5 19w5d 18.5 23w3d 22.5 27w2d 26.5 31w3d 30.5 35w6d 34.5 40w4d

6.6 12w6d 10.6 16w2d 14.6 19w6d 18.6 23w4d 22.6 27w3d 26.6 31w4d 30.6 35w6d 34.6 40w5d

6.7 12w6d 10.7 16w3d 14.7 20w0d 18.7 23w5d 22.7 27w4d 26.7 31w4d 30.7 36w0d 34.7 40w6d

6.8 13w0d 10.8 16w3d 14.8 20w0d 18.8 23w5d 22.8 27w4d 26.8 31w5d 30.8 36w1d 34.8 41w0d

6.9 13w0d 10.9 16w4d 14.9 20w1d 18.9 23w6d 22.9 27w5d 26.9 31w6d 30.9 36w2d 34.9 41w1d

7.0 13w1d 11.0 16w5d 15.0 20w2d 19.0 24w0d 23.0 27w6d 27.0 32w0d 31.0 36w3d 35.0 41w2d

7.1 13w2d 11.1 16w5d 15.1 20w2d 19.1 24w0d 23.1 27w6d 27.1 32w0d 31.1 36w3d 35.1 41w3d

7.2 13w2d 11.2 16w6d 15.2 20w3d 19.2 24w1d 23.2 28w0d 27.2 32w1d 31.2 36w4d 35.2 41w4d

7.3 13w3d 11.3 16w6d 15.3 20w4d 19.3 24w2d 23.3 28w1d 27.3 32w2d 31.3 36w5d 35.3 41w5d

7.4 13w3d 11.4 17w0d 15.4 20w4d 19.4 24w2d 23.4 28w2d 27.4 32w3d 31.4 36w6d 35.4 41w6d

7.5 13w4d 11.5 17w1d 15.5 20w5d 19.5 24w3d 23.5 28w2d 27.5 32w3d 31.5 37w0d 35.5 42w0d

7.6 13w5d 11.6 17w1d 15.6 20w5d 19.6 24w4d 23.6 28w3d 27.6 32w4d 31.6 37w0d

7.7 13w5d 11.7 17w2d 15.7 20w6d 19.7 24w4d 23.7 28w4d 27.7 32w5d 31.7 37w1d

7.8 13w6d 11.8 17w2d 15.8 21w0d 19.8 24w5d 23.8 28w4d 27.8 32w6d 31.8 37w2d

7.9 14w0d 11.9 17w3d 15.9 21w0d 19.9 24w6d 23.9 28w5d 27.9 32w6d 31.9 37w3d

8.0 14w0d 12.0 17w4d 16.0 21w1d 20.0 24w6d 24.0 28w6d 28.0 33w0d 32.0 37w4d

8.1 14w1d 12.1 17w4d 16.1 21w2d 20.1 25w0d 24.1 29w0d 28.1 33w1d 32.1 37w5d

8.2 14w1d 12.2 17w5d 16.2 21w2d 20.2 25w1d 24.2 29w0d 28.2 33w2d 32.2 37w5d

8.3 14w2d 12.3 17w6d 16.3 21w3d 20.3 25w1d 24.3 29w1d 28.3 33w2d 32.3 37w6d

8.4 14w3d 12.4 17w6d 16.4 21w4d 20.4 25w2d 24.4 29w2d 28.4 33w3d 32.4 38w0d

8.5 14w3d 12.5 18w0d 16.5 21w4d 20.5 25w3d 24.5 29w2d 28.5 33w4d 32.5 38w1d

8.6 14w4d 12.6 18w0d 16.6 21w5d 20.6 25w3d 24.6 29w3d 28.6 33w5d 32.6 38w2d

8.7 14w4d 12.7 18w1d 16.7 21w6d 20.7 25w4d 24.7 29w4d 28.7 33w5d 32.7 38w3d

11-251
 Obstetrics References

8.8 14w5d 12.8 18w2d 16.8 21w6d 20.8 25w5d 24.8 29w4d 28.8 33w6d 32.8 38w4d

8.9 14w6d 12.9 18w2d 16.9 22w0d 20.9 25w5d 24.9 29w5d 28.9 34w0d 32.9 38w4d

9.0 14w6d 13.0 18w3d 17.0 22w0d 21.0 25w6d 25.0 29w6d 29.0 34w1d 33.0 38w5d

9.1 15w0d 13.1 18w4d 17.1 22w1d 21.1 26w0d 25.1 30w0d 29.1 34w2d 33.1 38w6d

9.2 15w0d 13.2 18w4d 17.2 22w2d 21.2 26w0d 25.2 30w0d 29.2 34w2d 33.2 39w0d

9.3 15w1d 13.3 18w5d 17.3 22w2d 21.3 26w1d 25.3 30w1d 29.3 34w3d 33.3 39w1d

9.4 15w2d 13.4 18w5d 17.4 22w3d 21.4 26w2d 25.4 30w2d 29.4 34w4d 33.4 39w2d

9.5 15w2d 13.5 18w6d 17.5 22w4d 21.5 26w2d 25.5 30w3d 29.5 34w5d 33.5 39w3d

9.6 15w3d 13.6 19w0d 17.6 22w4d 21.6 26w3d 25.6 30w3d 29.6 34w5d 33.6 39w3d

11-252
 Obstetrics References

AC_Merz

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

E. Merz, W. Goldhofer, E. Timor-Tritsch “Ultrasound in Gynecology and

Obstetrics” Text book and Atlas, 1991 Georg Thieme Verlag, pp.326

AC GA(weeks+days) AC GA(weeks+days) AC GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
5.60 10w6d 12w1d 13w2d 15.40 19w6d 21w3d 23w0d 25.20 28w6d 30w6d 32w5d
5.80 11w1d 12w2d 13w4d 15.60 20w1d 21w4d 23w1d 25.40 29w0d 30w6d 32w6d
6.00 11w2d 12w4d 13w5d 15.80 20w1d 21w6d 23w3d 25.60 29w1d 31w1d 33w1d
6.20 11w4d 12w5d 13w6d 16.00 20w3d 22w0d 23w4d 25.80 29w3d 31w2d 33w2d
6.40 11w5d 12w6d 14w1d 16.20 20w4d 22w1d 23w6d 26.00 29w4d 31w4d 33w4d
6.60 11w6d 13w1d 14w2d 16.40 20w6d 22w3d 24w0d 26.20 29w5d 31w5d 33w5d
6.80 12w0d 13w2d 14w4d 16.60 21w0d 22w4d 24w1d 26.40 29w6d 31w6d 33w6d
7.00 12w1d 13w4d 14w5d 16.80 21w1d 22w6d 24w3d 26.60 30w1d 32w1d 34w1d
7.20 12w3d 13w4d 14w6d 17.00 21w2d 23w0d 24w4d 26.80 30w2d 32w2d 34w2d
7.40 12w4d 13w6d 15w1d 17.20 21w4d 23w1d 24w6d 27.00 30w4d 32w4d 34w4d
7.60 12w6d 14w0d 15w2d 17.40 21w5d 23w2d 25w0d 27.20 30w4d 32w5d 34w5d
7.80 12w6d 14w1d 15w4d 17.60 21w6d 23w4d 25w1d 27.40 30w6d 32w6d 34w6d
8.00 13w1d 14w3d 15w5d 17.80 22w1d 23w5d 25w3d 27.60 31w0d 33w0d 35w1d
8.20 13w2d 14w4d 15w6d 18.00 22w1d 23w6d 25w4d 27.80 31w1d 33w1d 35w2d
8.40 13w4d 14w6d 16w1d 18.20 22w3d 24w1d 25w6d 28.00 31w3d 33w3d 35w4d
8.60 13w5d 15w0d 16w2d 18.40 22w4d 24w2d 26w0d 28.20 31w4d 33w4d 35w5d
8.80 13w6d 15w1d 16w4d 18.60 22w6d 24w4d 26w1d 28.40 31w5d 33w6d 35w6d
9.00 14w0d 15w3d 16w5d 18.80 23w0d 24w5d 26w3d 28.60 31w6d 34w0d 36w1d
9.20 14w1d 15w4d 16w6d 19.00 23w1d 24w6d 26w4d 28.80 32w1d 34w1d 36w2d
9.40 14w3d 15w5d 17w1d 19.20 23w2d 25w0d 26w6d 29.00 32w2d 34w3d 36w4d
9.60 14w4d 15w6d 17w2d 19.40 23w4d 25w1d 27w0d 29.20 32w4d 34w4d 36w5d
9.80 14w6d 16w1d 17w4d 19.60 23w5d 25w3d 27w1d 29.40 32w4d 34w5d 36w6d
10.00 14w6d 16w2d 17w5d 19.80 23w6d 25w4d 27w3d 29.60 32w6d 34w6d 37w1d
10.20 15w1d 16w4d 17w6d 20.00 24w1d 25w6d 27w4d 29.80 33w0d 35w1d 37w1d
10.40 15w2d 16w5d 18w1d 20.20 24w2d 26w0d 27w6d 30.00 33w1d 35w2d 37w3d
10.60 15w4d 16w6d 18w2d 20.40 24w3d 26w1d 27w6d 30.20 33w3d 35w4d 37w4d
10.80 15w5d 17w1d 18w3d 20.60 24w4d 26w3d 28w1d 30.40 33w4d 35w5d 37w6d
11.00 15w6d 17w2d 18w4d 20.80 24w6d 26w4d 28w2d 30.60 33w5d 35w6d 38w0d
11.20 16w0d 17w3d 18w6d 21.00 25w0d 26w6d 28w4d 30.80 33w6d 36w1d 38w1d
11.40 16w1d 17w4d 19w0d 21.20 25w1d 27w0d 28w5d 31.00 34w1d 36w2d 38w3d
11.60 16w3d 17w6d 19w1d 21.40 25w2d 27w1d 28w6d 31.20 34w2d 36w4d 38w4d

11-253
 Obstetrics References

11.80 16w4d 18w0d 19w3d 21.60 25w4d 27w2d 29w1d 31.40 34w4d 36w4d 38w6d
12.00 16w6d 18w1d 19w4d 21.80 25w5d 27w4d 29w2d 31.60 34w4d 36w6d 39w0d
12.20 17w0d 18w3d 19w6d 22.00 25w6d 27w5d 29w4d 31.80 34w6d 37w0d 39w1d
12.40 17w1d 18w4d 20w0d 22.20 26w1d 27w6d 29w5d 32.00 35w0d 37w1d 39w3d
12.60 17w2d 18w6d 20w1d 22.40 26w2d 28w1d 29w6d 32.20 35w1d 37w3d 39w4d
12.80 17w4d 19w0d 20w3d 22.60 26w3d 28w2d 30w1d 32.40 35w3d 37w4d 39w6d
13.00 17w5d 19w1d 20w4d 22.80 26w4d 28w4d 30w2d 32.60 35w4d 37w6d 40w0d
13.20 17w6d 19w2d 20w6d 23.00 26w6d 28w5d 30w4d 32.80 35w5d 38w0d 40w1d
13.40 18w0d 19w4d 21w0d 23.20 27w0d 28w6d 30w5d 33.00 35w6d 38w1d 40w3d
13.60 18w1d 19w5d 21w1d 23.40 27w1d 29w0d 30w6d 33.20 36w1d 38w3d 40w4d
13.80 18w3d 19w6d 21w3d 23.60 27w3d 29w1d 31w1d 33.40 36w2d 38w4d 40w6d
14.00 18w4d 20w1d 21w4d 23.80 27w4d 29w3d 31w2d 33.60 36w4d 38w5d 41w0d
14.20 18w6d 20w2d 21w6d 24.00 27w5d 29w4d 31w4d 33.80 36w5d 38w6d 41w1d
14.40 19w0d 20w4d 22w0d 24.20 27w6d 29w6d 31w5d 34.00 36w6d 39w1d 41w3d
14.60 19w1d 20w5d 22w1d 24.40 28w1d 30w0d 31w6d 34.20 37w0d 39w2d 41w4d
14.80 19w2d 20w6d 22w3d 24.60 28w2d 30w1d 32w1d 34.40 37w1d 39w4d 41w6d
15.00 19w4d 21w1d 22w4d 24.80 28w3d 30w3d 32w2d 34.60 37w3d 39w5d 42w0d
15.20 19w5d 21w1d 22w6d 25.00 28w4d 30w4d 32w4d 34.80 37w4d 39w6d 42w1d

11-254
 Obstetrics References

AC_Nicolaides

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

AC and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; AC (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

AC(cm) GA
Median (week)
09.0 14
09.9 15
10.8 16
11.8 17
12.8 18
13.9 19
14.9 20
16.1 21
17.2 22
18.3 23
19.5 24
20.7 25
21.9 26
23.1 27
24.3 28
25.4 29
26.6 30
27.7 31
28.7 32
29.7 33
30.7 34
31.6 35
32.4 36
33.2 37
33.9 38
34.5 39

11-255
 Obstetrics References

AC_SHINOZUKA
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry”
Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

GA(w+d/d) GA(w+d/d)
AC(cm) AC(cm)
mean ±SD mean ±SD
10.00 15w3d 08d 22.00 27w3d 12d
10.50 16w0d 08d 22.50 28w0d 12d
11.00 16w4d 08d 23.00 28w4d 12d
11.50 17w0d 08d 23.50 29w0d 12d
12.00 17w4d 09d 24.00 29w4d 13d
12.50 18w0d 09d 24.50 30w1d 13d
13.00 18w4d 09d 25.00 30w5d 13d
13.50 19w0d 09d 25.50 31w2d 13d
14.00 19w4d 09d 26.00 31w6d 13d
14.50 20w0d 09d 26.50 32w3d 13d
15.00 20w3d 10d 27.00 33w1d 13d
15.50 21w0d 10d 27.50 33w5d 14d
16.00 21w3d 10d 28.00 34w2d 14d
16.50 22w0d 10d 28.50 35w0d 14d
17.00 22w3d 10d 29.00 35w4d 14d
17.50 22w6d 10d 29.50 36w2d 14d
18.00 23w3d 11d 30.00 37w0d 14d
18.50 23w6d 11d 30.50 37w5d 14d
19.00 24w3d 11d 31.00 38w2d 15d
19.50 24w6d 11d 31.50 39w0d 15d
20.00 25w3d 11d 32.00 39w6d 15d
20.50 25w6d 11d 32.50 40w4d 15d
21.00 26w3d 12d 33.00 41w2d 15d
21.50 27w0d 12d

11-256
 Obstetrics References

AC_TOKYO

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry”
Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

GA(w+d/d) GA(w+d/d)
AC(cm) AC(cm)
mean ±dec mean ±dec
10.00 15w3d 08d 22.00 27w3d 12d
10.50 16w0d 08d 22.50 28w0d 12d
11.00 16w4d 08d 23.00 28w4d 12d
11.50 17w0d 08d 23.50 29w0d 12d
12.00 17w4d 09d 24.00 29w4d 13d
12.50 18w0d 09d 24.50 30w1d 13d
13.00 18w4d 09d 25.00 30w5d 13d
13.50 19w0d 09d 25.50 31w2d 13d
14.00 19w4d 09d 26.00 31w6d 13d
14.50 20w0d 09d 26.50 32w3d 13d
15.00 20w3d 10d 27.00 33w1d 13d
15.50 21w0d 10d 27.50 33w5d 14d
16.00 21w3d 10d 28.00 34w2d 14d
16.50 22w0d 10d 28.50 35w0d 14d
17.00 22w3d 10d 29.00 35w4d 14d
17.50 22w6d 10d 29.50 36w2d 14d
18.00 23w3d 11d 30.00 36w0d 14d
18.50 23w6d 11d 30.50 37w5d 14d
19.00 24w3d 11d 31.00 38w2d 15d
19.50 24w6d 11d 31.50 39w0d 15d
20.00 25w3d 11d 32.00 39w6d 15d
20.50 25w6d 11d 32.50 40w4d 15d
21.00 26w3d 12d 33.00 41w2d 15d
21.50 27w0d 12d

11-257
 Obstetrics References

APTD_HANSMANN
Reference

Hansmann M. “Ultraschallbiometrie im II. und III. Trimester der

Schwangerschaft” Gynäkologe 9 (1976) 133

APTD(cm) GA(weeks)
2.25 14
2.58 15
2.85 16
3.11 17
3.46 18
3.75 19
4.00 20
4.34 21
4.65 22
4.90 23
5.15 24
5.48 25
5.80 26
6.15 27
6.39 28
6.70 29
7.01 30
7.25 31
7.62 32
7.93 33
8.15 34
8.40 35
8.75 36
9.02 37
9.30 38
9.53 39
9.68 40
9.84 41
9.91 42

11-258
 Obstetrics References

APTDXTTD SHINOZUKA

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry”
Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

AxT = APTD × TTD

AXT GA(w+d/d) AXT GA(w+d/d)

(cm2 ) mean ±dec 2
(cm ) mean ±dec
10 16w1d 08d 52 29w3d 13d
12 17w0d 08d 54 30w0d 13d
14 17w6d 08d 56 30w3d 13d
16 18w4d 08d 58 31w0d 14d
18 19w3d 08d 60 31w3d 14d
20 20w1d 08d 62 31w6d 14d
22 20w6d 09d 64 32w3d 15d
24 21w4d 09d 66 32w6d 15d
26 22w2d 09d 68 33w3d 15d
28 22w6d 09d 70 33w6d 16d
30 23w4d 09d 72 34w2d 16d
32 24w1d 10d 74 34w6d 17d
34 24w5d 10d 76 35w3d 17d
36 25w2d 10d 78 35w6d 17d
38 25w6d 10d 80 36w3d 18d
40 26w3d 11d 82 37w0d 18d
42 27w0d 11d 84 37w4d 18d
44 27w3d 11d 86 38w1d 18d
46 28w0d 12d 88 38w5d 19d
48 28w4d 12d 90 39w2d 19d
50 29w0d 12d

11-259
 Obstetrics References

APTDXTTD TOKYO
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry”
Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

AxT = APTD × TTD

AXT GA(w+d/d) AXT GA(w+d/d)

(cm2 ) mean ±dec 2
(cm ) mean ±dec
10 16w1d 08d 52 29w3d 13d
12 17w0d 08d 54 30w0d 13d
14 17w6d 08d 56 30w3d 13d
16 18w4d 08d 58 31w0d 14d
18 19w3d 08d 60 31w3d 14d
20 20w1d 08d 62 31w6d 14d
22 20w6d 09d 64 32w3d 15d
24 21w4d 09d 66 32w6d 15d
26 22w2d 09d 68 33w3d 15d
28 22w6d 09d 70 33w6d 16d
30 23w4d 09d 72 34w2d 16d
32 24w1d 10d 74 34w6d 17d
34 24w5d 10d 76 35w3d 17d
36 25w2d 10d 78 35w6d 17d
38 25w6d 10d 80 36w3d 18d
40 26w3d 11d 82 37w0d 18d
42 27w0d 11d 84 37w4d 18d
44 27w3d 11d 86 38w1d 18d
46 28w0d 12d 88 38w5d 19d
48 28w4d 12d 90 39w2d 19d
50 29w0d 12d

11-260
 Obstetrics References

BOD(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cantraine F., Cousaert E., Romero R., Hobbins J.C.
“The binocular distance: a new way to estimate fetal age.” Journal of
Ultrasound in Medicine; 1984; Jun; 3(6): 241-243

BOD GA(weeks+days) BOD GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.50 7w1d 10w3d 13w6d 4.10 22w4d 25w6d 29w1d
1.60 7w5d 11w0d 14w3d 4.20 23w1d 26w4d 29w6d
1.70 8w2d 11w4d 15w0d 4.30 23w6d 27w1d 30w3d
1.80 8w6d 12w1d 15w4d 4.40 24w3d 27w5d 31w0d
1.90 9w4d 12w6d 16w1d 4.50 25w0d 28w2d 31w4d
2.00 10w1d 13w3d 16w5d 4.60 25w4d 28w6d 32w1d
2.10 10w5d 14w0d 17w2d 4.70 26w1d 29w4d 32w6d
2.20 11w2d 14w4d 17w6d 4.80 26w6d 30w1d 33w3d
2.30 11w6d 15w1d 18w4d 4.90 27w2d 30w5d 34w0d
2.40 12w4d 15w6d 19w1d 5.00 27w6d 31w2d 34w4d
2.50 13w1d 16w3d 19w5d 5.10 28w4d 31w6d 35w1d
2.60 13w5d 17w0d 20w2d 5.20 29w1d 32w4d 35w6d
2.70 14w2d 17w4d 20w6d 5.30 29w5d 33w0d 36w3d
2.80 14w6d 18w1d 21w4d 5.40 30w2d 33w4d 37w0d
2.90 15w4d 18w6d 22w1d 5.50 30w6d 34w1d 37w4d
3.00 16w1d 19w3d 22w5d 5.60 31w4d 34w6d 38w1d
3.10 16w4d 20w0d 23w2d 5.70 32w1d 35w3d 38w5d
3.20 17w1d 20w4d 23w6d 5.80 32w5d 36w0d 39w2d
3.30 17w6d 21w1d 24w4d 5.90 33w2d 36w4d 39w6d
3.40 18w3d 21w5d 25w1d 6.00 33w6d 37w1d 40w4d
3.50 19w0d 22w2d 25w5d 6.10 34w4d 37w6d 41w1d
3.60 19w4d 22w6d 26w2d 6.20 35w1d 38w3d 41w5d
3.70 20w1d 23w4d 26w6d 6.30 35w5d 39w0d 42w2d
3.80 20w6d 24w1d 27w3d 6.40 36w2d 39w4d 42w6d
3.90 21w3d 24w5d 28w0d 6.50 36w6d 40w1d 43w4d
4.00 22w0d 25w2d 28w4d

11-261
 Obstetrics References

BPD(ASUM)
Reference

"Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA GA
BPD(cm) BPD(cm)
w ±d w ±d
1.6 11 4 6.8 27 12
2.0 12 7 7.2 28 12
2.4 13 7 7.5 29 12
2.8 14 7 7.6 30 14
3.1 15 7 8.0 31 16
3.6 16 7 8.1 32 16
3.9 17 10 8.4 33 21
4.2 18 10 8.6 34 21
4.5 19 10 8.8 35 21
4.7 20 10 9.0 36 21
4.9 21 10 9.2 37 24
5.2 22 10 9.3 38 24
5.7 23 10 9.5 39 28
6.0 24 10 9.6 40 28
6.4 25 10 9.8 41 28
6.7 26 12

11-262
 Obstetrics References

BPD(CFEF)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

BPD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; BPD
values are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

BPD(mm) GA(week) BPD(mm) GA(week)

15.36 11 68.55 27
19.40 12 71.03 28
23.30 13 73.50 29
27.14 14 75.80 30
30.89 15 78.00 31
34.53 16 80.16 32
38.12 17 82.14 33
41.58 18 84.07 34
45.00 19 85.90 35
48.22 20 87.61 36
51.43 21 89.24 37
54.53 22 90.70 38
57.51 23 92.10 39
60.42 24 93.45 40
63.25 25 94.00 41
65.94 26

11-263
 Obstetrics References

BPD(HADLOCK82)
Reference

Hadlock F., “Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Age and Weight”

Radiologic Clinics of North America – Vol.28, No. 1, January 1990

GA = 6.895 + 2.63 × BPD + 0.0088 × BPD³

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 2.6 cm
Max Range: 9.7 cm
Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 1.50 weeks

BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA

(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
2.60 13w6d 5.00 21w1d 7.40 29w6d
2.70 14w1d 5.10 21w4d 7.50 30w3d
2.80 14w4d 5.20 21w6d 7.60 30w6d
2.90 14w5d 5.30 22w1d 7.70 31w1d
3.00 15w0d 5.40 22w4d 7.80 31w4d
3.10 15w2d 5.50 22w6d 7.90 32w0d
3.20 15w4d 5.60 23w1d 8.00 32w4d
3.30 15w6d 5.70 23w4d 8.10 32w6d
3.40 16w1d 5.80 23w6d 8.20 33w2d
3.50 16w4d 5.90 24w1d 8.30 33w6d
3.60 16w6d 6.00 24w4d 8.40 34w1d
3.70 17w1d 6.10 25w0d 8.50 34w5d
3.80 17w3d 6.20 25w2d 8.60 35w1d
3.90 17w5d 6.30 25w5d 8.70 35w4d
4.00 18w0d 6.40 26w1d 8.80 36w1d
4.10 18w2d 6.50 26w3d 8.90 36w4d
4.20 18w4d 6.60 26w6d 9.00 37w0d
4.30 18w6d 6.70 27w1d 9.10 37w4d
4.40 19w1d 6.80 27w4d 9.20 38w0d
4.50 19w4d 6.90 28w0d 9.30 38w4d
4.60 19w6d 7.00 28w2d 9.40 38w6d
4.70 20w1d 7.10 28w5d 9.50 39w3d
4.80 20w4d 7.20 29w1d 9.60 39w6d
4.90 20w6d 7.30 29w4d 9.70 40w4d

11-264
 Obstetrics References

BPD(HADLOCK84)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hadlock,F.P., Deter,R.L., Harrist,R.B., Park,S.K.,” Estimating fetal age:

computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters”, Radiology
Vol. 152 No. 2, 1984, pages 497-501.

GA = 9.54 + 1.482 × BPD + 0.1676 × BPD²

Input Unit: mm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 140mm
Max Range: 103mm
Standard Deviation

GA(weeks) ±2SD
Low High (weeks)
12 18 1.19
18 24 1.73
24 30 2.18
30 36 3.08
36 42 3.20

BPD GA(weeks) BPD GA(weeks) BPD GA(weeks) BPD GA(weeks)

(mm) mean ±2SD (mm) mean ±2SD (mm) mean ±2SD (mm) mean ±2SD
14 11.9 1.2 37 17.3 1.2 60 24.5 2.2 83 33.4 3.1
15 12.1 1.2 38 17.6 1.2 61 24.8 2.2 84 33.8 3.1
16 12.3 1.2 39 17.9 1.2 62 25.2 2.2 85 34.2 3.1
17 12.5 1.2 40 18.1 1.7 63 25.5 2.2 86 34.7 3.1
18 12.8 1.2 41 18.4 1.7 64 25.9 2.2 87 35.1 3.1
19 13.0 1.2 42 18.7 1.7 65 26.3 2.2 88 35.6 3.1
20 13.2 1.2 43 19.0 1.7 66 26.6 2.2 89 36.0 3.2
21 13.4 1.2 44 19.3 1.7 67 27.0 2.2 90 36.5 3.2
22 13.6 1.2 45 19.6 1.7 68 27.4 2.2 91 36.9 3.2
23 13.8 1.2 46 19.9 1.7 69 27.7 2.2 92 37.4 3.2
24 14.1 1.2 47 20.2 1.7 70 28.1 2.2 93 37.8 3.2
25 14.3 1.2 48 20.5 1.7 71 28.5 2.2 94 38.3 3.2
26 14.5 1.2 49 20.8 1.7 72 28.9 2.2 95 38.7 3.2

11-265
 Obstetrics References

27 14.8 1.2 50 21.1 1.7 73 29.3 2.2 96 39.2 3.2

28 15.0 1.2 51 21.5 1.7 74 29.7 2.2 97 39.7 3.2
29 15.2 1.2 52 21.8 1.7 75 30.1 3.1 98 40.2 3.2
30 15.5 1.2 53 22.1 1.7 76 30.5 3.1 99 40.6 3.2
31 15.7 1.2 54 22.4 1.7 77 30.9 3.1 100 41.1 3.2
32 16.0 1.2 55 22.8 1.7 78 31.3 3.1 101 41.6 3.2
33 16.3 1.2 56 23.1 1.7 79 31.7 3.1 102 42.1 3.2
34 16.5 1.2 57 23.4 1.7 80 32.1 3.1 103 42.6 3.2
35 16.8 1.2 58 23.8 1.7 81 32.5 3.1
36 17.0 1.2 59 24.1 2.2 82 33.0 3.1

11-266
 Obstetrics References

BPD(Hansmann)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986. p.440-441

BPD GA(weeks+days) BPD GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
2.90 12w2d 13w3d 14w3d 06.80 24w3d 25w6d 27w2d
3.00 12w5d 13w5d 14w5d 06.90 24w6d 26w1d 27w4d
3.10 12w6d 14w0d 15w1d 07.00 25w0d 26w3d 27w6d
3.20 13w2d 14w2d 15w3d 07.10 25w2d 26w5d 28w3d
3.30 13w3d 14w4d 15w6d 07.20 25w4d 27w1d 28w4d
3.40 13w5d 15w0d 16w2d 07.30 26w0d 27w3d 29w2d
3.50 14w1d 15w2d 16w3d 07.40 26w1d 27w6d 29w4d
3.60 14w3d 15w4d 16w6d 07.50 26w3d 28w1d 29w6d
3.70 14w6d 16w0d 17w1d 07.60 26w5d 28w4d 30w2d
3.80 15w0d 16w2d 17w4d 07.70 27w1d 28w6d 30w5d
3.90 15w3d 16w4d 17w6d 07.80 27w2d 29w2d 31w3d
4.00 15w5d 17w0d 18w1d 07.90 27w3d 29w5d 32w0d
4.10 16w0d 17w2d 18w4d 08.00 27w6d 30w0d 32w1d
4.20 16w3d 17w4d 18w6d 08.10 28w2d 30w3d 32w4d
4.30 16w4d 17w6d 19w1d 08.20 28w6d 31w0d 33w1d
4.40 16w6d 18w1d 19w3d 08.30 29w0d 31w2d 33w5d
4.50 17w2d 18w4d 19w6d 08.40 29w3d 31w6d 34w2d
4.60 17w4d 18w6d 20w1d 08.50 29w6d 32w2d 34w4d
4.70 17w6d 19w1d 20w4d 08.60 30w1d 32w5d 35w1d
4.80 18w0d 19w3d 20w6d 08.70 30w2d 33w2d 36w1d
4.90 18w1d 19w5d 21w1d 08.80 31w0d 33w5d 36w3d
5.00 18w4d 20w0d 21w1d 08.90 31w4d 34w2d 37w0d
5.10 19w0d 20w3d 21w6d 09.00 32w0d 34w5d 37w3d
5.20 19w2d 20w5d 22w1d 09.10 32w1d 35w1d 38w5d
5.30 19w3d 21w0d 22w4d 09.20 33w2d 35w6d 39w2d
5.40 20w0d 21w3d 22w6d 09.30 33w5d 36w5d 39w5d
5.50 20w2d 21w5d 23w0d 09.40 34w5d 37w3d 40w1d
5.60 20w5d 22w0d 23w2d 09.50 35w2d 38w3d 41w0d

11-267
 Obstetrics References

5.70 21w0d 22w2d 23w4d 09.60 35w2d 38w6d 41w3d

5.80 21w3d 22w5d 23w6d 09.70 35w6d 39w0d 42w0d
5.90 21w4d 23w0d 24w3d 09.80 36w3d 39w2d 42w0d
6.00 21w6d 23w2d 24w4d 09.90 36w4d 39w3d 42w4d
6.10 22w1d 23w4d 25w0d 10.00 36w5d 39w4d 42w2d
6.20 22w4d 24w0d 25w3d 10.10 37w1d 39w5d 42w4d
6.30 22w6d 24w2d 25w4d 10.20 37w1d 39w6d 42w2d
6.40 23w1d 24w4d 26w0d 10.30 37w2d 40w0d 42w2d
6.50 23w4d 24w6d 26w2d 10.40 37w3d 40w1d 42w2d
6.60 23w6d 25w1d 26w5d 10.50 37w6d 40w2d 42w2d
6.70 24w1d 25w3d 27w1d

11-268
 Obstetrics References

BPD(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Romero R. “Obstetrical Ultrasound” McGraw-Hill Book Company,

pages 57-61, 1984.

BPD GA(weeks+days) BPD GA(weeks+days) BPD GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 6w4d 9w1d 11w6d 3.90 14w2d 17w0d 19w5d 6.80 23w5d 26w3d 29w0d
1.10 6w6d 9w4d 12w1d 4.00 14w4d 17w2d 19w6d 6.90 24w0d 26w5d 29w3d
1.20 7w0d 9w5d 12w3d 4.10 14w6d 17w4d 20w1d 7.00 24w3d 27w1d 29w6d
1.30 7w2d 10w0d 12w5d 4.20 15w1d 17w6d 20w4d 7.10 24w6d 27w4d 30w1d
1.40 7w4d 10w2d 12w6d 4.30 15w3d 18w1d 20w6d 7.20 25w1d 27w6d 30w4d
1.50 7w6d 10w4d 13w1d 4.40 15w5d 18w3d 21w1d 7.30 25w4d 28w2d 30w6d
1.60 8w1d 10w6d 13w3d 4.50 16w0d 18w5d 21w3d 7.40 26w0d 28w5d 31w2d
1.70 8w3d 11w1d 13w5d 4.60 16w2d 19w0d 21w5d 7.50 26w3d 29w1d 31w5d
1.80 8w4d 11w2d 14w0d 4.70 16w4d 19w2d 22w0d 7.60 26w6d 29w4d 32w1d
1.90 8w6d 11w4d 14w1d 4.80 16w6d 19w4d 22w2d 7.70 27w1d 29w6d 32w4d
2.00 9w1d 11w6d 14w4d 4.90 17w1d 19w6d 22w4d 7.80 27w4d 30w2d 33w0d
2.10 9w3d 12w1d 14w6d 5.00 17w4d 20w2d 22w6d 7.90 28w0d 30w5d 33w3d
2.20 9w5d 12w3d 15w0d 5.10 17w6d 20w4d 23w1d 8.00 28w4d 31w1d 33w6d
2.30 9w6d 12w4d 15w2d 5.20 18w1d 20w6d 23w4d 8.10 28w6d 31w4d 34w2d
2.40 10w1d 12w6d 15w4d 5.30 18w4d 21w1d 23w6d 8.20 29w2d 32w0d 34w5d
2.50 10w4d 13w1d 15w6d 5.40 18w6d 21w4d 24w1d 8.30 29w6d 32w4d 35w1d
2.60 10w5d 13w3d 16w1d 5.50 19w1d 21w6d 24w4d 8.40 30w1d 32w6d 35w4d
2.70 11w0d 13w5d 16w3d 5.60 19w4d 22w1d 24w6d 8.50 30w5d 33w3d 36w0d
2.80 11w2d 14w0d 16w4d 5.70 19w6d 22w4d 25w1d 8.60 31w1d 33w6d 36w4d
2.90 11w4d 14w1d 16w6d 5.80 20w1d 22w6d 25w4d 8.70 31w4d 34w2d 37w0d
3.00 11w6d 14w4d 17w1d 5.90 20w4d 23w1d 25w6d 8.80 32w1d 34w6d 37w3d
3.10 12w1d 14w6d 17w3d 6.00 20w6d 23w4d 26w1d 8.90 32w4d 35w2d 37w6d
3.20 12w2d 15w1d 17w5d 6.10 21w1d 23w6d 26w4d 9.00 33w0d 35w5d 38w3d
3.30 12w4d 15w2d 18w0d 6.20 21w4d 24w1d 26w6d 9.10 33w4d 36w1d 38w6d
3.40 12w6d 15w4d 18w2d 6.30 21w6d 24w4d 27w1d 9.20 34w0d 36w5d 39w3d
3.50 13w1d 15w6d 18w4d 6.40 22w1d 24w6d 27w4d 9.30 34w4d 37w1d 39w6d
3.60 13w4d 16w1d 18w6d 6.50 22w4d 25w2d 27w6d 9.40 35w0d 37w5d 40w3d
3.70 13w5d 16w3d 19w1d 6.60 22w6d 25w4d 28w2d 9.50 35w4d 38w2d 40w6d
3.80 14w0d 16w5d 19w3d 6.70 23w2d 26w0d 28w4d

11-269
 Obstetrics References

BPD(JOHNSEN)
Reference

Johnsen,S.L., Rasmussen,S., Sollien,R., Kiserud,T.,“Fetal age assessment

based on ultrasound head biometry and the effect of maternal and fetal
factors”, Acta Obstet Gynecol.Scand. Vol. 83 No. 8, 2004, pages 716-723.

BPD GA(weeks+days) BPD GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 10% 50% 90% (cm) 10% 50% 90%
1.4 10w3d 9w6d 10w6d 3.8 16w5d 15w6d 17w4d
1.5 10w5d 10w1d 11w2d 3.9 17w0d 16w1d 17w6d
1.6 10w6d 10w3d 11w3d 4.0 17w2d 16w3d 18w1d
1.7 11w1d 10w4d 11w5d 4.1 17w4d 16w5d 18w3d
1.8 11w3d 10w6d 12w0d 4.2 17w6d 17w0d 18w5d
1.9 11w5d 11w1d 12w2d 4.3 18w1d 17w2d 19w1d
2.0 12w0d 11w2d 12w4d 4.4 18w3d 17w4d 19w3d
2.1 12w2d 11w4d 12w6d 4.5 18w5d 17w6d 19w5d
2.2 12w3d 11w6d 13w1d 4.6 19w0d 18w1d 20w0d
2.3 12w5d 12w1d 13w3d 4.7 19w3d 18w3d 20w3d
2.4 13w0d 12w2d 13w5d 4.8 19w5d 18w5d 20w5d
2.5 13w2d 12w4d 14w0d 4.9 20w0d 19w0d 21w0d
2.6 13w3d 12w6d 14w1d 5.0 20w2d 19w2d 21w3d
2.7 13w5d 13w0d 14w3d 5.1 20w4d 19w4d 21w5d
2.8 14w0d 13w2d 14w5d 5.2 21w0d 20w0d 22w0d
2.9 14w2d 13w4d 15w0d 5.3 21w2d 20w2d 22w3d
3.0 14w4d 13w6d 15w2d 5.4 21w4d 20w4d 22w5d
3.1 14w6d 14w0d 15w4d 5.5 22w0d 20w6d 23w1d
3.2 15w0d 14w2d 15w6d 5.6 22w2d 21w2d 23w3d
3.3 15w2d 14w4d 16w1d 5.7 22w5d 21w4d 23w6d
3.4 15w4d 14w6d 16w3d 5.8 23w0d 21w6d 24w1d
3.5 15w6d 15w1d 16w5d 5.9 23w3d 22w2d 24w4d
3.6 16w1d 15w2d 17w0d 6.0 23w5d 22w4d 25w0d
3.7 16w3d 15w4d 17w2d

11-270
 Obstetrics References

BPD(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals

GA(w+d/d) GA(w+d/d)
BPD(cm) BPD(cm)
mean ±1SD mean ±1SD
1.30 10w1d 4 5.20 21w6d 7
1.40 10w3d 4 5.30 22w1d 8
1.50 10w5d 4 5.40 22w3d 8
1.60 11w0d 4 5.50 22w5d 8
1.70 11w2d 4 5.60 23w1d 8
1.80 11w4d 4 5.70 23w3d 8
1.90 11w6d 4 5.80 23w5d 8
2.00 12w1d 4 5.90 24w1d 8
2.10 12w3d 4 6.00 24w3d 9
2.20 12w6d 4 6.10 24w5d 9
2.30 13w1d 5 6.20 25w1d 9
2.40 13w3d 5 6.30 25w3d 9
2.50 13w5d 5 6.40 25w5d 9
2.60 14w0d 5 6.50 26w1d 9
2.70 14w2d 5 6.60 26w3d 10
2.80 14w4d 5 6.70 26w6d 10
2.90 14w6d 5 6.80 27w2d 10
3.00 15w1d 5 6.90 27w4d 10
3.10 15w3d 5 7.00 28w0d 10
3.20 15w5d 5 7.10 28w3d 10
3.30 16w0d 5 7.20 28w5d 11
3.40 16w2d 5 7.30 29w1d 11
3.50 16w4d 5 7.40 29w4d 11
3.60 16w6d 6 7.50 30w0d 11
3.70 17w1d 6 7.60 30w3d 11
3.80 17w4d 6 7.70 30w6d 12
3.90 17w6d 6 7.80 31w2d 12

11-271
 Obstetrics References

4.00 18w1d 6 7.90 31w5d 12

4.10 18w3d 6 8.00 32w1d 12
4.20 18w5d 6 8.10 32w5d 12
4.30 19w0d 6 8.20 33w1d 13
4.40 19w2d 6 8.30 33w5d 13
4.50 19w4d 6 8.40 34w2d 13
4.60 20w0d 7 8.50 34w6d 13
4.70 20w2d 7 8.60 35w3d 14
4.80 20w4d 7 8.70 36w0d 14
4.90 20w6d 7 8.80 36w5d 14
5.00 21w1d 7 8.90 37w4d 14
5.10 21w3d 7 9.00 38w3d 15

11-272
 Obstetrics References

BPD(KURTZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kurtz A.B., Wapner R.J., Kurtz R.J., Dershaw D., Rubin C.S., Cole-Beuglet C.,
Goldberg B.B, “Analysis of Biparietal Diameter as an Accurate Indicator of
Gestational Age” J Clin Ultrasound 8:319-326; August 1980

BPD GA(weeks) BPD GA(weeks) BPD GA(weeks)

(mm) 5% 50% 95% (mm) 5% 50% 95% (mm) 5% 50% 95%
20 12.00 12.00 12.00 47 17.80 19.70 21.60 74 28.10 29.10 30.10
21 12.00 12.00 12.00 48 18.20 20.00 21.80 75 28.50 29.50 30.50
22 12.20 12.70 13.20 49 18.60 20.30 22.00 76 29.00 30.00 31.00
23 12.40 13.00 13.60 50 19.00 20.60 22.20 77 29.20 30.30 31.40
24 12.60 13.20 13.80 51 19.30 20.90 22.50 78 29.60 30.80 32.00
25 12.90 13.50 14.10 52 19.50 21.20 22.90 79 29.90 31.20 32.50
26 13.10 13.70 14.30 53 19.80 21.50 23.20 80 30.20 31.60 33.00
27 13.40 14.00 14.60 54 20.10 21.90 23.70 81 30.70 32.10 33.50
28 13.60 14.30 15.00 55 20.40 22.20 24.00 82 31.20 32.60 34.00
29 13.90 14.55 15.20 56 20.70 22.50 24.30 83 31.50 33.00 34.50
30 14.10 14.80 15.50 57 21.10 22.80 24.50 84 31.90 33.50 35.10
31 14.30 15.10 15.90 58 21.50 23.20 24.90 85 32.30 34.00 35.70
32 14.50 15.30 16.10 59 21.90 23.50 25.10 86 32.80 34.50 36.20
33 14.70 15.60 16.50 60 22.30 23.90 25.50 87 33.40 35.00 36.60
34 15.00 15.90 16.80 61 22.60 24.20 25.80 88 33.90 35.50 37.10
35 15.20 16.20 17.20 62 23.10 24.60 26.10 89 34.60 36.10 37.60
36 15.40 16.40 17.40 63 23.40 24.90 26.40 90 35.10 36.60 38.10
37 15.60 16.70 17.80 64 23.80 25.30 26.80 91 35.90 37.20 38.50
38 15.90 17.00 18.10 65 24.10 25.60 27.10 92 36.70 37.80 38.90
39 16.10 17.30 18.50 66 24.50 26.00 27.50 93 37.30 38.30 39.30
40 16.40 17.60 18.80 67 25.00 26.40 27.80 94 37.90 39.00 40.10
41 16.50 17.90 19.30 68 25.30 26.70 28.10 95 38.50 39.70 40.90
42 16.60 18.20 19.80 69 25.80 27.10 28.40 96 39.10 40.30 41.50
43 16.80 18.50 20.20 70 26.30 27.50 28.70 97 39.90 41.00 42.10
44 16.90 18.80 20.70 71 26.70 27.90 29.10 98 40.50 41.80 43.10
45 17.00 19.10 21.20 72 27.20 28.30 29.40
46 17.40 19.40 21.40 73 27.60 28.70 29.80

11-273
 Obstetrics References

BPD(KURMANAVICIUS)
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

BPD(cm) GA(w+d) BPD(cm) GA(w+d) BPD(cm) GA(w+d)

2.1 12w0d 4.8 19w2d 7.5 28w0d
2.2 12w2d 4.9 19w4d 7.6 28w3d
2.3 12w3d 5.0 19w6d 7.7 28w6d
2.4 12w5d 5.1 20w1d 7.8 29w1d
2.5 13w0d 5.2 20w3d 7.9 29w4d
2.6 13w2d 5.3 20w5d 8.0 30w0d
2.7 13w4d 5.4 21w0d 8.1 30w3d
2.8 13w5d 5.5 21w2d 8.2 30w6d
2.9 14w0d 5.6 21w4d 8.3 31w1d
3.0 14w2d 5.7 22w0d 8.4 31w4d
3.1 14w4d 5.8 22w2d 8.5 32w1d
3.2 14w6d 5.9 22w4d 8.6 32w4d
3.3 15w1d 6.0 22w6d 8.7 33w0d
3.4 15w3d 6.1 23w1d 8.8 33w3d
3.5 15w5d 6.2 23w4d 8.9 34w0d
3.6 16w0d 6.3 23w6d 9.0 34w4d
3.7 16w2d 6.4 24w1d 9.1 35w0d
3.8 16w4d 6.5 24w4d 9.2 35w4d
3.9 16w6d 6.6 24w6d 9.3 36w2d
4.0 17w0d 6.7 25w1d 9.4 36w6d
4.1 17w2d 6.8 25w4d 9.5 37w4d
4.2 17w4d 6.9 25w6d 9.6 38w2d
4.3 17w6d 7.0 26w2d 9.7 39w1d
4.4 18w1d 7.1 26w4d 9.8 39w6d
4.5 18w3d 7.2 27w0d 9.9 40w6d
4.6 18w5d 7.3 27w2d 10.0 41w5d
4.7 19w0d 7.4 27w5d

11-274
 Obstetrics References

BPD(MARSAL)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
BPD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; BPD
values are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA

(mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d)
03.0 49 33.0 107 50.6 147 68.5 187 84.7 227 93.6 267
04.0 51 33.4 108 51.0 148 69.0 188 85.0 228 93.8 268
05.0 53 33.8 109 51.5 149 69.5 189 85.3 229 94.0 269
06.0 55 34.2 110 52.0 150 70.0 190 85.5 230 94.2 270
07.0 57 34.6 111 52.5 151 70.4 191 85.8 231 94.4 271
08.0 59 35.0 112 53.0 152 70.8 192 86.0 232 94.6 272
09.0 61 35.5 113 53.4 153 71.2 193 86.3 233 94.7 273
10.0 63 36.0 114 53.8 154 71.6 194 86.6 234 94.8 274
11.0 66 36.5 115 54.2 155 72.0 195 86.8 235 94.9 275
12.0 68 37.0 116 54.6 156 72.5 196 87.0 236 95.0 276
13.0 70 37.4 117 55.0 157 73.0 197 87.3 237 95.1 277
14.0 72 37.8 118 55.5 158 73.5 198 87.5 238 95.2 278
15.0 74 38.2 119 56.0 159 74.0 199 87.8 239 95.3 279
16.0 77 38.6 120 56.5 160 74.4 200 88.0 240 95.4 280
17.0 79 39.0 121 57.0 161 74.8 201 88.3 241 95.5 281
18.0 81 39.5 122 57.5 162 75.2 202 88.5 242 95.6 282
19.0 83 40.0 123 58.0 163 75.6 203 88.8 243 95.7 283
19.6 84 40.5 124 58.4 164 76.0 204 89.0 244 95.8 284
20.3 85 41.0 125 58.8 165 76.5 205 89.2 245 95.9 285
20.9 86 41.4 126 59.2 166 77.0 206 89.4 246 96.0 286
21.5 87 41.8 127 59.6 167 77.5 207 89.6 247 96.1 287
22.0 88 42.2 128 60.0 168 78.0 208 89.8 248 96.2 288
22.6 89 42.6 129 60.5 169 78.4 209 90.0 249 96.3 289
23.2 90 43.0 130 61.0 170 78.8 210 90.2 250 96.4 291
23.9 91 43.5 131 61.5 171 79.2 211 90.4 251 96.5 292
24.5 92 44.0 132 62.0 172 79.6 212 90.6 252 96.6 293
25.0 93 44.5 133 62.4 173 80.0 213 90.8 253 96.7 294
26.0 94 45.0 134 62.8 174 80.3 214 91.0 254 96.8 295

11-275
 Obstetrics References

26.5 95 45.4 135 63.2 175 80.7 215 91.2 255 96.9 296
27.0 96 45.8 136 63.6 176 81.0 216 91.4 256 96.9 297
28.0 97 46.2 137 64.0 177 81.3 217 91.6 257 96.9 298
28.5 98 46.6 138 64.5 178 81.7 218 91.8 258 97.0 299
29.0 99 47.0 139 65.0 179 82.0 219 92.0 259 97.0 300
29.5 100 47.5 140 65.5 180 82.3 220 92.2 260
30.0 101 48.0 141 66.0 181 82.7 221 92.4 261
30.5 102 48.5 142 66.4 182 83.0 222 92.6 262
31.0 103 49.0 143 66.8 183 83.3 223 92.8 263
31.5 104 49.4 144 67.2 184 83.7 224 93.0 264
32.0 105 49.8 145 67.6 185 84.0 225 93.2 265
32.5 106 50.2 146 68.0 186 84.3 226 93.4 266

11-276
 Obstetrics References

BPD(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

E. Merz, W. Goldhofer, E. Timor-Tritsch “Ultrasound in Gynecology and

Obstetrics” Textbook and Atlas, 1991 Georg Thieme Verlag, pp.326

BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
2.10 10w5d 12w1d 13w5d 4.90 18w1d 20w0d 21w6d 7.70 27w1d 29w3d 31w4d
2.20 10w6d 12w3d 13w6d 5.00 18w4d 20w3d 22w1d 7.80 27w4d 29w6d 32w0d
2.30 11w1d 12w5d 14w1d 5.10 18w6d 20w5d 22w4d 7.90 27w6d 30w1d 32w2d
2.40 11w4d 13w0d 14w4d 5.20 19w1d 21w0d 22w6d 8.00 28w2d 30w4d 32w5d
2.50 11w5d 13w1d 14w5d 5.30 19w3d 21w2d 23w1d 8.10 28w5d 30w6d 33w1d
2.60 12w0d 13w4d 15w0d 5.40 19w5d 21w4d 23w4d 8.20 29w1d 31w2d 33w4d
2.70 12w1d 13w6d 15w3d 5.50 20w0d 21w6d 23w6d 8.30 29w4d 31w5d 33w6d
2.80 12w4d 14w1d 15w5d 5.60 20w2d 22w1d 24w1d 8.40 29w6d 32w1d 34w2d
2.90 12w5d 14w2d 15w6d 5.70 20w4d 22w4d 24w3d 8.50 30w2d 32w4d 34w5d
3.00 13w0d 14w4d 16w1d 5.80 20w6d 22w6d 24w5d 8.60 30w5d 32w6d 35w1d
3.10 13w2d 14w6d 16w4d 5.90 21w1d 23w1d 25w1d 8.70 31w0d 33w2d 35w4d
3.20 13w4d 15w1d 16w6d 6.00 21w4d 23w4d 25w4d 8.80 31w4d 33w6d 36w1d
3.30 13w6d 15w3d 17w0d 6.10 21w6d 23w6d 25w6d 8.90 31w6d 34w1d 36w4d
3.40 14w0d 15w5d 17w3d 6.20 22w1d 24w1d 26w1d 9.00 32w2d 34w4d 36w6d
3.50 14w2d 16w0d 17w5d 6.30 22w4d 24w4d 26w4d 9.10 32w6d 35w1d 37w3d
3.60 14w4d 16w2d 18w0d 6.40 22w6d 24w6d 26w6d 9.20 33w1d 35w4d 37w6d
3.70 14w6d 16w4d 18w1d 6.50 23w1d 25w1d 27w1d 9.30 33w4d 35w6d 38w1d
3.80 15w1d 16w6d 18w4d 6.60 23w4d 25w4d 27w4d 9.40 34w0d 36w3d 38w6d
3.90 15w3d 17w1d 18w6d 6.70 23w6d 25w6d 27w6d 9.50 34w4d 36w6d 39w2d
4.00 15w5d 17w3d 19w1d 6.80 24w1d 26w1d 28w2d 9.60 34w6d 37w2d 39w5d
4.10 15w6d 17w5d 19w4d 6.90 24w3d 26w4d 28w4d 9.70 35w3d 37w6d 40w1d
4.20 16w1d 18w0d 19w6d 7.00 24w5d 26w6d 28w6d 9.80 35w6d 38w2d 40w5d
4.30 16w4d 18w2d 20w1d 7.10 25w1d 27w1d 29w2d 9.90 36w3d 38w6d 41w1d
4.40 16w6d 18w4d 20w3d 7.20 25w4d 27w4d 29w5d 10.00 36w6d 39w2d 41w6d
4.50 17w1d 18w6d 20w5d 7.30 25w6d 27w6d 30w0d 10.10 37w2d 39w6d 42w2d
4.60 17w3d 19w1d 21w0d 7.40 26w1d 28w2d 30w3d 10.20 37w6d 40w2d 42w6d
4.70 17w4d 19w3d 21w1d 7.50 26w4d 28w4d 30w5d
4.80 17w6d 19w5d 21w4d 7.60 26w6d 29w0d 31w1d

11-277
 Obstetrics References

BPD(NICOLAIDES)
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

BPD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; BPD
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

BPD(cm) GA
Median (weeks)
3.10 14
3.40 15
3.70 16
4.00 17
4.30 18
4.60 19
4.90 20
5.20 21
5.60 22
5.90 23
6.20 24
6.60 25
6.90 26
7.20 27
7.50 28
7.80 29
8.10 30
8.30 31
8.60 32
8.80 33
9.00 34
9.20 35
9.40 36
9.50 37
9.60 38
9.70 39

11-278
 Obstetrics References

BPD(OSAKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA

(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
1.33 10w0d 3.18 15w0d 4.90 20w1d 6.43 25w1d 7.78 30w1d 8.83 35w1d
1.38 10w1d 3.23 15w1d 4.94 20w2d 6.47 25w2d 7.81 30w2d 8.85 35w2d
1.44 10w2d 3.28 15w2d 4.99 20w3d 6.51 25w3d 7.85 30w3d 8.87 35w3d
1.50 10w3d 3.33 15w3d 5.03 20w4d 6.55 25w4d 7.88 30w4d 8.90 35w4d
1.55 10w4d 3.38 15w4d 5.08 20w5d 6.59 25w5d 7.92 30w5d 8.92 35w5d
1.61 10w5d 3.42 15w5d 5.12 20w6d 6.63 25w6d 7.95 30w6d 8.94 35w6d
1.66 10w6d 3.47 15w6d 5.17 21w0d 6.67 26w0d 7.98 31w0d 8.96 36w0d
1.72 11w0d 3.52 16w0d 5.21 21w1d 6.71 26w1d 8.02 31w1d 8.98 36w1d
1.77 11w1d 3.57 16w1d 5.26 21w2d 6.75 26w2d 8.05 31w2d 9.00 36w2d
1.83 11w2d 3.62 16w2d 5.30 21w3d 6.80 26w3d 8.08 31w3d 9.02 36w3d
1.88 11w3d 3.67 16w3d 5.35 21w4d 6.84 26w4d 8.12 31w4d 9.04 36w4d
1.93 11w4d 3.72 16w4d 5.39 21w5d 6.88 26w5d 8.15 31w5d 9.06 36w5d
1.99 11w5d 3.77 16w5d 5.44 21w6d 6.92 26w6d 8.18 31w6d 9.08 36w6d
2.04 11w6d 3.81 16w6d 5.48 22w0d 6.95 27w0d 8.21 32w0d 9.10 37w0d
2.09 12w0d 3.86 17w0d 5.52 22w1d 6.99 27w1d 8.24 32w1d 9.12 37w1d
2.15 12w1d 3.91 17w1d 5.57 22w2d 7.03 27w2d 8.27 32w2d 9.14 37w2d
2.20 12w2d 3.96 17w2d 5.61 22w3d 7.07 27w3d 8.31 32w3d 9.15 37w3d
2.25 12w3d 4.01 17w3d 5.66 22w4d 7.11 27w4d 8.34 32w4d 9.17 37w4d
2.31 12w4d 4.05 17w4d 5.70 22w5d 7.15 27w5d 8.37 32w5d 9.18 37w5d
2.36 12w5d 4.10 17w5d 5.74 22w6d 7.19 27w6d 8.40 32w6d 9.20 37w6d
2.41 12w6d 4.15 17w6d 5.79 23w0d 7.23 28w0d 8.43 33w0d 9.21 38w0d
2.46 13w0d 4.20 18w0d 5.83 23w1d 7.27 28w1d 8.46 33w1d 9.23 38w1d
2.52 13w1d 4.24 18w1d 5.87 23w2d 7.30 28w2d 8.48 33w2d 9.24 38w2d
2.57 13w2d 4.29 18w2d 5.92 23w3d 7.34 28w3d 8.51 33w3d 9.26 38w3d
2.62 13w3d 4.34 18w3d 5.96 23w4d 7.38 28w4d 8.54 33w4d 9.27 38w4d
2.67 13w4d 4.39 18w4d 6.00 23w5d 7.42 28w5d 8.57 33w5d 9.28 38w5d
2.72 13w5d 4.43 18w5d 6.05 23w6d 7.45 28w6d 8.60 33w6d 9.29 38w6d
2.77 13w6d 4.48 18w6d 6.09 24w0d 7.49 29w0d 8.62 34w0d 9.30 39w0d
2.82 14w0d 4.53 19w0d 6.13 24w1d 7.53 29w1d 8.65 34w1d 9.31 39w1d
2.87 14w1d 4.57 19w1d 6.17 24w2d 7.56 29w2d 8.68 34w2d 9.32 39w2d
2.93 14w2d 4.62 19w2d 6.22 24w3d 7.60 29w3d 8.70 34w3d 9.33 39w3d

11-279
 Obstetrics References

2.98 14w3d 4.67 19w3d 6.26 24w4d 7.64 29w4d 8.73 34w4d 9.34 39w4d
3.03 14w4d 4.71 19w4d 6.30 24w5d 7.67 29w5d 8.75 34w5d 9.35 39w5d
3.08 14w5d 4.76 19w5d 6.34 24w6d 7.71 29w6d 8.78 34w6d 9.36 39w6d
3.13 14w6d 4.85 20w0d 6.39 25w0d 7.74 30w0d 8.80 35w0d 9.36 40w0d

11-280
 Obstetrics References

BPD(REMPEN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Rempen, A. Chaoui, R. Kozlowski, P. Häusler, M. Terinde, R. Wisse;

“Standards zur Ultraschalluntersuchung in der Frühschwangerschaft”;
Ultraschall in Med. 22 (2001) M1-M5

GA(weeks+days)
BPD(cm)
5% 50% 95%
0.30 6w1d 6w6d 7w3d
0.40 6w3d 7w1d 7w6d
0.50 6w5d 7w3d 8w1d
0.60 7w0d 7w5d 8w4d
0.70 7w2d 8w0d 8w6d
0.80 7w4d 8w2d 9w1d
0.90 7w6d 8w4d 9w3d
1.00 8w1d 8w6d 9w5d
1.10 8w2d 9w1d 10w1d
1.20 8w4d 9w3d 10w3d
1.30 8w6d 9w5d 10w5d
1.40 9w1d 10w0d 11w0d
1.50 9w3d 10w2d 11w2d
1.60 9w4d 10w4d 11w5d
1.70 9w6d 10w6d 12w0d
1.80 10w1d 11w1d 12w2d
1.90 10w3d 11w3d 12w4d
2.00 10w5d 11w5d 13w0d
2.10 11w0d 12w1d 13w2d
2.20 11w2d 12w3d 13w5d

11-281
 Obstetrics References

BPD(SABBAGHA)
Reference

Sabbagha R.E., Barton B.A., Barton F.B., Kingas E., Orgill J., Turner J.H.
“Sonar biparietal diameter II. Predictive of three fetal growth patterns
leading to a closer assessment of gestational age and neonatal weight”
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology; October 15; 1976;
pp.485-490

BPD GA(weeks+days) BPD GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
3.50 15w2d 16w0d 17w2d 6.60 23w5d 26w0d 27w5d
3.60 15w2d 16w2d 18w0d 6.70 24w0d 26w2d 28w0d
3.70 16w0d 16w5d 19w0d 6.80 24w2d 26w5d 28w2d
3.80 16w0d 17w0d 19w0d 6.90 24w5d 27w0d 29w0d
3.90 16w0d 17w2d 19w2d 7.00 24w5d 27w2d 29w2d
4.00 16w0d 17w5d 19w2d 7.10 25w2d 27w5d 30w0d
4.10 16w0d 18w0d 19w2d 7.20 25w2d 27w5d 30w5d
4.20 16w2d 18w2d 19w5d 7.30 25w5d 28w0d 31w0d
4.30 16w5d 18w5d 20w0d 7.40 26w0d 28w2d 31w5d
4.40 17w0d 19w0d 20w2d 7.50 26w2d 28w5d 32w0d
4.50 17w2d 19w2d 20w5d 7.60 26w5d 29w0d 32w5d
4.60 17w5d 19w5d 21w0d 7.70 27w0d 29w5d 33w0d
4.70 18w0d 20w0d 21w2d 7.80 27w2d 30w0d 33w0d
4.80 18w2d 20w2d 21w2d 7.90 27w5d 30w2d 33w2d
4.90 18w5d 20w5d 21w5d 8.00 28w0d 30w5d 34w0d
5.00 19w0d 21w0d 22w0d 8.10 28w2d 31w0d 34w2d
5.10 19w2d 21w2d 22w2d 8.20 28w5d 31w2d 35w0d
5.20 19w5d 21w5d 22w5d 8.30 29w0d 32w0d 35w5d
5.30 20w0d 21w5d 23w0d 8.40 29w0d 32w2d 36w0d
5.40 20w2d 22w0d 23w5d 8.50 29w2d 33w0d 36w2d
5.50 20w5d 22w2d 24w0d 8.60 29w2d 33w2d 36w2d
5.60 21w0d 22w5d 24w0d 8.70 29w5d 34w0d 36w5d
5.70 21w2d 23w0d 24w2d 8.80 30w0d 34w2d 37w0d
5.80 21w2d 23w2d 24w5d 8.90 31w0d 35w2d 37w5d

11-282
 Obstetrics References

5.90 21w5d 23w5d 25w0d 9.00 31w5d 35w5d 38w2d

11
6.00 21w5d 24w0d 25w2d 9.10 32w2d 36w2d 38w5d

Safety and Regulatory Information

6.10 22w0d 24w2d 25w5d 9.20 33w0d 36w2d 39w0d
6.20 22w2d 24w5d 26w0d 9.30 33w5d 36w5d 39w2d
6.30 22w5d 25w0d 26w2d 9.40 34w2d 37w0d 39w5d
6.40 23w2d 25w2d 26w5d 9.50 34w5d 37w2d 40w0d
6.50 23w5d 25w5d 27w2d

11-283
 Obstetrics References

BPD(SHINOZUKA)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry”
Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

BPD GA(w+d/d) BPD GA(w+d/d) BPD GA(w+d/d)

(cm) mean ±dec (cm) mean ±dec (cm) mean ±dec
1.30 10w1d 4d 4.00 18w1d 6d 6.70 26w6d 10d
1.40 10w3d 4d 4.10 18w3d 6d 6.80 27w2d 10d
1.50 10w5d 4d 4.20 18w5d 6d 6.90 27w4d 10d
1.60 11w0d 4d 4.30 19w0d 6d 7.00 28w0d 10d
1.70 11w2d 4d 4.40 19w2d 6d 7.10 28w3d 10d
1.80 11w4d 4d 4.50 19w4d 6d 7.20 28w5d 11d
1.90 11w6d 4d 4.60 20w0d 7d 7.30 29w1d 11d
2.00 12w1d 4d 4.70 20w2d 7d 7.40 29w4d 11d
2.10 12w3d 4d 4.80 20w4d 7d 7.50 30w0d 11d
2.20 12w6d 4d 4.90 20w6d 7d 7.60 30w3d 11d
2.30 13w1d 5d 5.00 21w1d 7d 7.70 30w6d 12d
2.40 13w3d 5d 5.10 21w3d 7d 7.80 31w2d 12d
2.50 13w5d 5d 5.20 21w6d 7d 7.90 31w5d 12d
2.60 14w0d 5d 5.30 22w1d 8d 8.00 32w1d 12d
2.70 14w2d 5d 5.40 22w3d 8d 8.10 32w5d 12d
2.80 14w4d 5d 5.50 22w5d 8d 8.20 33w1d 13d
2.90 14w6d 5d 5.60 23w1d 8d 8.30 33w5d 13d
3.00 15w1d 5d 5.70 23w3d 8d 8.40 34w2d 13d
3.10 15w3d 5d 5.80 23w5d 8d 8.50 34w6d 13d
3.20 15w5d 5d 5.90 24w1d 8d 8.60 35w3d 14d
3.30 16w0d 5d 6.00 24w3d 9d 8.70 36w0d 14d
3.40 16w2d 5d 6.10 24w5d 9d 8.80 36w5d 14d
3.50 16w4d 5d 6.20 25w1d 9d 8.90 37w4d 14d
3.60 16w6d 6d 6.30 25w3d 9d 9.00 38w3d 15d
3.70 17w1d 6d 6.40 25w5d 9d
3.80 17w4d 6d 6.50 26w1d 9d
3.90 17w6d 6d 6.60 26w3d 10d

11-284
 Obstetrics References

BPD(TOKYO)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

BPD GA(d/d) BPD GA(d/d)

(mm) Mean ±1SD (mm) Mean ±1SD
20 085 6 56 162 6
21 087 6 57 164 6
22 089 6 58 167 6
23 092 6 59 169 6
24 094 6 60 171 6
25 096 6 61 174 7
26 098 6 62 176 7
27 100 6 63 179 7
28 102 6 64 181 7
29 102 6 65 183 7
30 106 5 66 186 7
31 108 5 67 188 7
32 110 5 68 191 7
33 112 5 69 194 7
34 114 5 70 196 7
35 116 5 71 199 8
36 118 5 72 201 8
37 120 5 73 204 8
38 123 5 74 207 8
39 125 5 75 210 8
40 127 5 76 213 8
41 129 5 77 216 8
42 131 5 78 218 8
43 133 5 79 221 8
44 135 5 80 225 8
45 138 6 81 228 8
46 140 6 82 231 8
47 142 6 83 234 9
48 144 6 84 238 9

11-285
 Obstetrics References

49 146 6 85 241 9
50 148 6 86 245 9
51 151 6 87 249 9
52 153 6 88 253 9
53 154 6 89 258 9
54 157 6 90 262 9
55 160 6

11-286
 Obstetrics References

BPD (EIK-NES 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no
BPD(mm) GA BPD(mm) GA
w d w d
19 12 0 39 17 1
20 12 1 40 17 4
21 12 3 41 17 6
22 12 4 42 18 0
23 12 6 43 18 2
24 13 0 44 18 4
25 13 2 45 18 5
26 13 3 46 19 0
27 13 5 47 19 1
28 14 0 48 19 3
29 14 2 49 19 5
30 14 3 50 20 1
31 14 5 51 20 3
32 15 0 52 20 5
33 15 2 53 21 0
34 15 4 54 21 3
35 15 6 55 21 5
36 16 2 56 22 1
37 16 4 57 22 4
38 16 6 58 22 6

11-287
 Obstetrics References

BPD(Outer)
Reference

Altmann D.G.; Chitty L.S. “New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy.”
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997
BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days)
(mm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
22 11w5d 12w4d 13w4d 50 18w5d 20w3d 22w2d 78 27w1d 30w0d 33w1d
23 12w0d 12w6d 13w6d 51 19w0d 20w5d 22w4d 79 27w4d 30w3d 33w4d
24 12w1d 13w1d 14w1d 52 19w2d 21w1d 23w0d 80 27w6d 30w5d 34w0d
25 12w3d 13w3d 14w3d 53 19w4d 21w3d 23w2d 81 28w1d 31w1d 34w3d
26 12w5d 13w4d 14w5d 54 19w6d 21w5d 23w5d 82 28w3d 31w4d 34w6d
27 12w6d 13w6d 15w0d 55 20w1d 22w0d 24w0d 83 28w6d 31w6d 35w2d
28 13w1d 14w1d 15w2d 56 20w3d 22w2d 24w3d 84 29w1d 32w2d 35w6d
29 13w3d 14w3d 15w4d 57 20w5d 22w5d 24w5d 85 29w4d 32w5d 36w2d
30 13w4d 14w5d 15w6d 58 21w0d 23w0d 25w1d 86 29w6d 33w1d 36w5d
31 13w6d 15w0d 16w1d 59 21w2d 23w2d 25w4d 87 30w1d 33w3d 37w1d
32 14w1d 15w2d 16w3d 60 21w4d 23w5d 25w6d 88 30w4d 33w6d 37w4d
33 14w3d 15w4d 16w5d 61 21w6d 24w0d 26w2d 89 30w6d 34w2d 38w1d
34 14w4d 15w5d 17w0d 62 22w1d 24w2d 26w5d 90 31w1d 34w5d 38w4d
35 14w6d 16w0d 17w2d 63 22w4d 24w5d 27w0d 91 31w4d 35w1d 39w0d
36 15w1d 16w2d 17w5d 64 22w6d 25w0d 27w3d
37 15w3d 16w4d 18w0d 65 23w1d 25w2d 27w6d
38 15w4d 16w6d 18w2d 66 23w3d 25w5d 28w2d
39 15w6d 17w1d 18w4d 67 23w5d 26w0d 28w4d
40 16w1d 17w3d 19w0d 68 24w0d 26w3d 29w0d
41 16w3d 17w5d 19w2d 69 24w2d 26w5d 29w3d
42 16w4d 18w0d 19w4d 70 24w4d 27w1d 29w6d
43 16w6d 18w2d 19w6d 71 25w0d 27w3d 30w2d
44 17w1d 18w4d 20w2d 72 25w2d 27w6d 30w4d
45 17w3d 19w0d 20w4d 73 25w4d 28w1d 31w0d
46 17w5d 19w2d 20w6d 74 25w6d 28w4d 31w3d
47 18w0d 19w4d 21w2d 75 26w2d 28w6d 31w6d
48 18w2d 19w6d 21w4d 76 26w4d 29w2d 32w2d
49 18w4d 20w1d 22w0d 77 26w6d 29w5d 32w5d

11-288
 Obstetrics References

BPD(Inner)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Altmann D.G.; Chitty L.S. “New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy.”
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997
BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days)
(mm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
21 11w6d 12w5d 13w5d 49 19w2d 20w6d 22w5d 77 27w6d 30w5d 33w6d
22 12w1d 13w0d 14w0d 50 19w4d 21w1d 23w0d 78 28w2d 31w1d 34w2d
23 12w3d 13w2d 14w2d 51 19w6d 21w4d 23w3d 79 28w4d 31w4d 34w5d
24 12w4d 13w4d 14w4d 52 20w1d 21w6d 23w5d 80 28w6d 31w6d 35w1d
25 12w6d 13w6d 14w6d 53 20w3d 22w1d 24w1d 81 29w2d 32w2d 35w5d
26 13w1d 14w1d 15w1d 54 20w5d 22w4d 24w4d 82 29w4d 32w5d 36w1d
27 13w3d 14w3d 15w3d 55 21w0d 22w6d 24w6d 83 30w0d 33w1d 36w4d
28 13w4d 14w5d 15w5d 56 21w2d 23w1d 25w2d 84 30w2d 33w3d 37w0d
29 13w6d 14w6d 16w0d 57 21w4d 23w4d 25w4d 85 30w5d 33w6d 37w3d
30 14w1d 15w1d 16w2d 58 21w6d 23w6d 26w0d 86 31w0d 34w2d 38w0d
31 14w3d 15w3d 16w5d 59 22w1d 24w1d 26w3d 87 31w2d 34w5d 38w3d
32 14w4d 15w5d 17w0d 60 22w3d 24w4d 26w6d 88 31w5d 35w1d 38w6d
33 14w6d 16w0d 17w2d 61 22w5d 24w6d 27w1d 89 32w0d 35w4d 39w3d
34 15w1d 16w2d 17w4d 62 23w1d 25w2d 27w4d
35 15w3d 16w4d 17w6d 63 23w3d 25w4d 28w0d
36 15w5d 16w6d 18w2d 64 23w5d 26w0d 28w3d
37 15w6d 17w1d 18w4d 65 24w0d 26w2d 28w6d
38 16w1d 17w3d 18w6d 66 24w2d 26w5d 29w1d
39 16w3d 17w6d 19w2d 67 24w4d 27w0d 29w4d
40 16w5d 18w1d 19w4d 68 25w0d 27w3d 30w0d
41 17w0d 18w3d 19w6d 69 25w2d 27w5d 30w3d
42 17w2d 18w5d 20w2d 70 25w4d 28w1d 30w6d
43 17w4d 19w0d 20w4d 71 25w6d 28w3d 31w2d
44 17w6d 19w2d 20w6d 72 26w2d 28w6d 31w5d
45 18w1d 19w4d 21w2d 73 26w4d 29w2d 32w1d
46 18w3d 19w6d 21w4d 74 26w6d 29w4d 32w4d
47 18w5d 20w2d 22w0d 75 27w2d 30w0d 33w0d
48 19w0d 20w4d 22w2d 76 27w4d 30w2d 33w3d

11-289
 Obstetrics References

BPD(Kiserud)
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri Ultrasound in Obstetrics and

Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997
BPD GA (weeks + days) BPD GA (weeks + days)
(mm) 10% 50% 90% (mm) 10% 50% 90%
14 9w6d 10w3d 10w6d 42 17w0d 17w6d 18w5d
15 10w1d 10w5d 11w2d 43 17w2d 18w1d 19w1d
16 10w3d 10w6d 11w3d 44 17w4d 18w3d 19w3d
17 10w4d 11w1d 11w5d 45 17w6d 18w5d 19w5d
18 10w6d 11w3d 12w0d 46 18w1d 19w0d 20w0d
19 11w1d 11w5d 12w2d 47 18w3d 19w3d 20w3d
20 11w2d 12w0d 12w4d 48 18w5d 19w5d 20w5d
21 11w4d 12w2d 12w6d 49 19w0d 20w0d 21w0d
22 11w6d 12w3d 13w1d 50 19w2d 20w2d 21w3d
23 12w1d 12w5d 13w3d 51 19w4d 20w4d 21w5d
24 12w2d 13w0d 13w5d 52 20w0d 21w0d 22w0d
25 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d 53 20w2d 21w2d 22w3d
26 12w6d 13w3d 14w1d 54 20w4d 21w4d 22w5d
27 13w0d 13w5d 14w3d 55 20w6d 22w0d 23w1d
28 13w2d 14w0d 14w5d 56 21w2d 22w2d 23w3d
29 13w4d 14w2d 15w0d 57 21w4d 22w5d 23w6d
30 13w6d 14w4d 15w2d 58 21w6d 23w0d 24w1d
31 14w0d 14w6d 15w4d 59 22w2d 23w3d 24w4d
32 14w2d 15w0d 15w6d 60 22w4d 23w5d 25w0d
33 14w4d 15w2d 16w1d
34 14w6d 15w4d 16w3d
35 15w1d 15w6d 16w5d
36 15w2d 16w1d 17w0d
37 15w4d 16w3d 17w2d
38 15w6d 16w5d 17w4d
39 16w1d 17w0d 17w6d
40 16w3d 17w2d 18w1d
41 16w5d 17w4d 18w3d

11-290
 Obstetrics References

CLAV(YARKONI)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Yarkoni S., Schmidt W., Jeanty P., Reece A., Hobbins J.C.
“Clavicular Measurement: A New Biometric Parameter for Fetal Evaluation”
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 4:467-470, September 1985.

GA = 3.717731 + 8.272778 × Clav

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.10 cm
Max Range: 4.50 cm
Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 2.684 weeks

Clav GA(weeks+days) Clav GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.10 8w3d 13w6d 17w2d 2.90 23w2d 28w5d 32w1d
1.20 9w1d 14w4d 18w1d 3.00 24w0d 29w4d 34w0d
1.30 10w0d 14w3d 19w6d 3.10 25w6d 29w2d 34w6d
1.40 11w6d 15w2d 20w5d 3.20 26w5d 30w1d 35w4d
1.50 12w5d 16w1d 21w4d 3.30 27w4d 31w0d 35w3d
1.60 12w3d 18w0d 21w3d 3.40 27w3d 32w6d 36w2d
1.70 13w2d 18w5d 22w2d 3.50 28w1d 33w5d 37w1d
1.80 14w1d 19w4d 23w0d 3.60 29w0d 33w3d 39w0d
1.90 16w0d 19w3d 24w6d 3.70 30w6d 34w2d 39w5d
2.00 16w6d 20w2d 25w5d 3.80 31w5d 35w1d 40w4d
2.10 17w4d 21w1d 26w4d 3.90 32w4d 37w0d 40w3d
2.20 17w3d 22w6d 26w2d 4.00 32w2d 37w6d 41w2d
2.30 18w2d 23w5d 27w1d 4.10 33w1d 38w4d 42w0d
2.40 19w1d 24w4d 28w0d 4.20 35w0d 38w3d 43w6d
2.50 21w0d 24w3d 29w6d 4.30 35w6d 39w2d 44w5d
2.60 21w5d 25w1d 30w5d 4.40 36w5d 40w1d 45w4d
2.70 22w4d 26w0d 30w3d 4.50 36w3d 41w6d 45w3d
2.80 22w3d 27w6d 31w2d

11-291
 Obstetrics References

CRL(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: weeks+days
Min Range: 0.1cm
Max Range: 8.7cm

CRL GA CRL GA CRL GA

(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
0.1 5w2d 2.0 8w3d 5.2 11w4d
0.2 5w3d 2.1 8w4d 5.5 11w5d
0.3 5w4d 2.2 8w5d 5.6 11w6d
0.3 5w5d 2.2 8w6d 5.7 12w0d
0.4 5w6d 2.3 9w0d 5.8 12w1d
0.4 6w0d 2.4 9w1d 6.0 12w2d
0.5 6w1d 2.6 9w2d 6.1 12w3d
0.6 6w2d 2.7 9w3d 6.3 12w4d
0.7 6w3d 2.8 9w4d 6.4 12w5d
0.8 6w4d 2.9 9w5d 6.5 12w6d
0.9 6w5d 3.1 9w6d 6.8 13w0d
1.0 6w6d 3.4 10w0d 7.0 13w1d
1.1 7w0d 3.6 10w1d 7.2 13w2d
1.1 7w1d 3.7 10w2d 7.4 13w3d
1.2 7w2d 3.8 10w3d 7.6 13w4d
1.2 7w3d 3.9 10w4d 7.7 13w5d
1.3 7w4d 3.9 10w5d 8.0 13w6d
1.4 7w5d 4.0 10w6d 8.1 14w0d
1.5 7w6d 4.4 11w0d 8.4 14w1d
1.7 8w0d 4.5 11w1d 8.5 14w2d
1.8 8w1d 4.7 11w2d 8.6 14w3d
1.9 8w2d 4.8 11w3d 8.7 14w4d

11-292
 Obstetrics References

CRL(DAYA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Daya S.; „Accuracy of gestational age estimation by means of fetal

crown-rump length measurement“ Am J Obstet Gynecol; March 1993;
pages 903-908

CRL GA(Weeks+days) CRL GA(Weeks+days) CRL GA(Weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
0.20 5w3d 6w1d 6w6d 2.90 9w0d 9w5d 10w3d 5.60 11w4d 12w1d 12w6d
0.30 5w4d 6w2d 6w6d 3.00 9w1d 9w6d 10w4d 5.70 11w4d 12w1d 12w6d
0.40 5w5d 6w3d 7w1d 3.10 9w2d 10w0d 10w4d 5.80 11w4d 12w2d 13w0d
0.50 5w6d 6w4d 7w2d 3.20 9w3d 10w1d 10w6d 5.90 11w4d 12w3d 13w1d
0.60 6w0d 6w5d 7w3d 3.30 9w4d 10w1d 10w6d 6.00 11w5d 12w3d 13w1d
0.70 6w1d 6w6d 7w4d 3.40 9w4d 10w2d 11w0d 6.10 11w6d 12w4d 13w1d
0.80 6w2d 7w0d 7w5d 3.50 9w5d 10w3d 11w1d 6.20 11w6d 12w4d 13w2d
0.90 6w4d 7w1d 7w6d 3.60 9w6d 10w4d 11w1d 6.30 11w6d 12w4d 13w2d
1.00 6w4d 7w2d 8w0d 3.70 9w6d 10w4d 11w2d 6.40 11w6d 12w5d 13w3d
1.10 6w6d 7w3d 8w1d 3.80 10w0d 10w5d 11w3d 6.50 12w0d 12w5d 13w3d
1.20 6w6d 7w4d 8w2d 3.90 10w1d 10w6d 11w4d 6.60 12w0d 12w6d 13w4d
1.30 7w0d 7w5d 8w3d 4.00 10w1d 10w6d 11w4d 6.70 12w1d 12w6d 13w4d
1.40 7w1d 7w6d 8w4d 4.10 10w2d 11w0d 11w5d 6.80 12w1d 12w6d 13w4d
1.50 7w2d 8w0d 8w5d 4.20 10w3d 11w1d 11w6d 6.90 12w1d 12w6d 13w4d
1.60 7w3d 8w1d 8w6d 4.30 10w4d 11w1d 11w6d 7.00 12w1d 13w0d 13w5d
1.70 7w4d 8w2d 9w0d 4.40 10w4d 11w1d 11w6d 7.10 12w2d 13w0d 13w5d
1.80 7w5d 8w3d 9w1d 4.50 10w4d 11w2d 12w0d 7.20 12w2d 13w1d 13w6d
1.90 7w6d 8w4d 9w1d 4.60 10w5d 11w3d 12w1d 7.30 12w2d 13w1d 13w6d
2.00 8w0d 8w5d 9w2d 4.70 10w6d 11w4d 12w1d 7.40 12w3d 13w1d 13w6d
2.10 8w1d 8w6d 9w4d 4.80 10w6d 11w4d 12w2d 7.50 12w3d 13w1d 13w6d
2.20 8w1d 8w6d 9w4d 4.90 11w0d 11w5d 12w3d 7.60 12w3d 13w1d 13w6d
2.30 8w2d 9w0d 9w5d 5.00 11w0d 11w5d 12w3d 7.70 12w4d 13w1d 14w0d
2.40 8w4d 9w1d 9w6d 5.10 11w1d 11w6d 12w4d 7.80 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d
2.50 8w4d 9w2d 10w0d 5.20 11w1d 11w6d 12w4d 7.90 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d
2.60 8w5d 9w3d 10w1d 5.30 11w1d 12w0d 12w5d 8.00 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d
2.70 8w6d 9w4d 10w1d 5.40 11w2d 12w0d 12w5d
2.80 8w6d 9w4d 10w2d 5.50 11w3d 12w1d 12w6d

11-293
 Obstetrics References

CRL(HADLOCK)
Reference
Hadlock F., Shah Y.P, Kanon D.J., Math B., Lindsey J.V., “Fetal Crown-Rump
Length:Reevaluation of Relation to Menstrual Age (5-18 weeks) with
High-Resolution Real-Time Ultrasound.” Radiology, 182:501-502, 1992.
GA=e

CRL GA(Weeks) CRL GA(Weeks) CRL GA(Weeks) CRL GA(Weeks)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%

0.20 5.24 5.70 6.16 3.20 9.29 10.10 10.91 6.20 11.59 12.60 13.61 9.20 13.89 15.10 16.31
0.30 5.43 5.90 6.37 3.30 9.38 10.20 11.02 6.30 11.68 12.70 13.72 9.30 13.98 15.20 16.42
0.40 5.61 6.10 6.59 3.40 9.48 10.30 11.12 6.40 11.78 12.80 13.82 9.40 14.08 15.30 16.52
0.50 5.70 6.20 6.70 3.50 9.57 10.40 11.23 6.50 11.78 12.80 13.82 9.50 14.08 15.30 16.52
0.60 5.89 6.40 6.91 3.60 9.66 10.50 11.34 6.60 11.87 12.90 13.93 9.60 14.17 15.40 16.63
0.70 6.07 6.60 7.13 3.70 9.75 10.60 11.45 6.70 11.96 13.00 14.04 9.70 14.26 15.50 16.74
0.80 6.16 6.70 7.24 3.80 9.84 10.70 11.56 6.80 12.05 13.10 14.15 9.80 14.35 15.60 16.85
0.90 6.35 6.90 7.45 3.90 9.94 10.80 11.66 6.90 12.05 13.10 14.15 9.90 14.44 15.70 16.96
1.00 6.53 7.10 7.67 4.00 10.03 10.90 11.77 7.00 12.14 13.20 14.26 10.00 14.63 15.90 17.17
1.10 6.62 7.20 7.78 4.10 10.12 11.00 11.88 7.10 12.24 13.30 14.36 10.10 14.72 16.00 17.28
1.20 6.81 7.40 7.99 4.20 10.21 11.10 11.99 7.20 12.33 13.40 14.47 10.20 14.81 16.10 17.39
1.30 6.90 7.50 8.10 4.30 10.30 11.20 12.10 7.30 12.33 13.40 14.47 10.30 14.90 16.20 17.50
1.40 7.08 7.70 8.32 4.40 10.30 11.20 12.10 7.40 12.42 13.50 14.58 10.40 15.00 16.30 17.60
1.50 7.27 7.90 8.53 4.50 10.40 11.30 12.20 7.50 12.51 13.60 14.69 10.50 15.09 16.40 17.71
1.60 7.36 8.00 8.64 4.60 10.49 11.40 12.31 7.60 12.60 13.70 14.80 10.60 15.18 16.50 17.82
1.70 7.45 8.10 8.75 4.70 10.58 11.50 12.42 7.70 12.70 13.80 14.90 10.70 15.27 16.60 17.93
1.80 7.64 8.30 8.96 4.80 10.67 11.60 12.53 7.80 12.70 13.80 14.90 10.80 15.36 16.70 18.04
1.90 7.73 8.40 9.07 4.90 10.76 11.70 12.64 7.90 12.79 13.90 15.01 10.90 15.46 16.80 18.14
2.00 7.91 8.60 9.29 5.00 10.76 11.70 12.64 8.00 12.88 14.00 15.12 11.00 15.55 16.90 18.25
2.10 8.00 8.70 9.40 5.10 10.86 11.80 12.74 8.10 12.97 14.10 15.23 11.10 15.64 17.00 18.36
2.20 8.19 8.90 9.61 5.20 10.95 11.90 12.85 8.20 13.06 14.20 15.34 11.20 15.73 17.10 18.47
2.30 8.28 9.00 9.72 5.30 11.04 12.00 12.96 8.30 13.06 14.20 15.34 11.30 15.82 17.20 18.58
2.40 8.37 9.10 9.83 5.40 11.04 12.00 12.96 8.40 13.16 14.30 15.44 11.40 15.92 17.30 18.68
2.50 8.46 9.20 9.94 5.50 11.13 12.10 13.07 8.50 13.25 14.40 15.55 11.50 16.01 17.40 18.79
2.60 8.65 9.40 10.15 5.60 11.22 12.20 13.18 8.60 13.34 14.50 15.66 11.60 16.10 17.50 18.90
2.70 8.74 9.50 10.26 5.70 11.32 12.30 13.28 8.70 13.43 14.60 15.77 11.70 16.19 17.60 19.01
2.80 8.83 9.60 10.37 5.80 11.32 12.30 13.28 8.80 13.52 14.70 15.88 11.80 16.28 17.70 19.12
2.90 8.92 9.70 10.48 5.90 11.41 12.40 13.39 8.90 13.62 14.80 15.98 11.90 16.38 17.80 19.22
3.00 9.11 9.90 10.69 6.00 11.50 12.50 13.50 9.00 13.71 14.90 16.09 12.00 16.47 17.90 19.33
3.10 9.20 10.00 10.80 6.10 11.59 12.60 13.61 9.10 13.80 15.00 16.20 12.10 16.56 18.00 19.44

11-294
 Obstetrics References

CRL(HANSMANN)

11
Reference

Safety and Regulatory Information

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann. “Ultrasound Diagnosis in
Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986, p.439.

CRL GA(Weeks+days) CRL GA(Weeks+days)

(cm) -2SD Mean +2SD (cm) -2SD Mean +2SD
0.60 5w1d 6w1d 7w0d 5.20 11w0d 12w2d 13w4d
0.70 5w3d 6w2d 7w2d 5.40 11w0d 12w3d 13w5d
0.80 5w4d 6w4d 7w3d 5.60 11w1d 12w4d 13w6d
0.90 5w6d 6w6d 7w6d 5.80 11w2d 12w5d 14w0d
1.00 6w1d 7w0d 8w0d 6.00 11w3d 12w6d 14w1d
1.10 6w2d 7w2d 8w1d 6.30 11w4d 13w0d 14w3d
1.20 6w3d 7w3d 8w3d 6.60 11w5d 13w2d 14w5d
1.30 6w5d 7w4d 8w4d 7.00 12w0d 13w3d 15w0d
1.40 6w6d 7w6d 8w6d 7.30 12w1d 13w5d 15w1d
1.50 7w0d 8w0d 9w0d 7.60 12w2d 13w6d 15w3d
1.60 7w2d 8w2d 9w1d 8.00 12w4d 14w1d 15w5d
1.70 7w3d 8w3d 9w2d 8.30 12w5d 14w2d 16w0d
1.80 7w4d 8w4d 9w4d 8.60 12w6d 14w4d 16w2d
1.90 7w5d 8w5d 9w5d 9.00 13w1d 14w6d 16w4d
2.00 7w6d 8w6d 9w6d 9.30 13w3d 15w1d 16w6d
2.10 8w0d 9w0d 10w0d 9.60 13w4d 15w3d 17w1d
2.20 8w1d 9w1d 10w1d 10.00 13w6d 15w5d 17w3d
2.30 8w2d 9w2d 10w2d 10.30 14w1d 16w0d 17w6d
2.40 8w3d 9w3d 10w3d 10.60 14w3d 16w2d 18w1d
2.60 8w5d 9w5d 10w5d 11.00 14w5d 16w4d 18w4d
2.80 8w6d 10w0d 11w1d 11.30 15w0d 17w0d 19w0d
3.00 9w1d 10w2d 11w2d 11.60 15w2d 17w2d 19w2d
3.20 9w2d 10w3d 11w4d 12.00 15w4d 17w4d 19w4d
3.40 9w4d 10w5d 11w5d 12.30 16w0d 18w0d 20w0d
3.60 9w5d 10w6d 12w0d 12.60 16w2d 18w2d 20w3d
3.80 9w6d 11w1d 12w2d 13.00 16w5d 18w6d 20w6d
4.00 10w1d 11w2d 12w3d 13.30 17w0d 19w1d 21w2d
4.20 10w2d 11w3d 12w4d 13.60 17w3d 19w4d 21w6d
4.40 10w3d 11w4d 12w6d 14.00 17w6d 20w0d 22w2d
4.60 10w5d 11w6d 13w0d 14.30 18w1d 20w3d 22w5d
4.80 10w6d 12w0d 13w2d 14.60 18w4d 20w6d 23w1d
5.00 10w6d 12w1d 13w3d 15.00 19w0d 21w3d 23w5d

11-295
 Obstetrics References

CRL(JSUM)
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

GA(Weeks+days)
CRL(cm)
10% 50% 90%
1.30 7w3d 8w0d 9w0d
1.40 7w4d 8w1d 9w1d
1.50 7w5d 8w2d 9w1d
1.60 7w6d 8w3d 9w2d
1.70 8w0d 8w4d 9w3d
1.80 8w1d 8w5d 9w4d
1.90 8w2d 8w6d 9w5d
2.00 8w3d 9w0d 9w6d
2.10 8w4d 9w1d 10w0d
2.20 8w4d 9w2d 10w1d
2.30 8w5d 9w2d 10w1d
2.40 8w6d 9w3d 10w2d
2.50 9w0d 9w4d 10w3d
2.60 9w1d 9w5d 10w4d
2.70 9w2d 9w6d 10w5d
2.80 9w2d 10w0d 10w5d
2.90 9w3d 10w0d 10w6d
3.00 9w4d 10w1d 11w0d
3.10 9w5d 10w2d 11w0d
3.20 9w6d 10w3d 11w1d
3.30 9w6d 10w3d 11w2d
3.40 10w0d 10w4d 11w2d
3.50 10w1d 10w5d 11w3d
3.60 10w1d 10w5d 11w3d
3.70 10w2d 10w6d 11w4d
3.80 10w3d 11w0d 11w5d
3.90 10w3d 11w0d 11w5d

11-296
 Obstetrics References

4.00 10w4d 11w1d 11w6d

11
4.10 10w5d 11w2d 11w6d

Safety and Regulatory Information

4.20 10w5d 11w2d 12w0d
4.30 10w6d 11w3d 12w0d

11-297
 Obstetrics References

CRL(MARSAL)

CRL and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; CRL
values are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

CRL(cm) GA(d) CRL(cm) GA(d)

07.0 44 35.0 72
07.5 45 36.5 73
08.0 46 38.0 74
08.5 47 39.5 75
09.0 48 41.0 76
09.5 49 42.5 77
10.0 50 44.0 78
11.0 51 45.5 79
12.0 52 47.0 80
13.0 53 48.0 81
14.0 54 49.0 82
15.0 55 50.5 83
16.0 56 52.0 84
17.0 57 54.0 85
18.0 58 56.0 86
19.0 59 58.0 87
20.0 60 60.0 88
21.0 61 62.0 89
22.0 62 64.0 90
23.0 63 66.0 91
24.0 64 68.0 92
25.0 65 70.0 93
27.0 66 72.0 94
28.0 67 74.0 95
29.0 68 76.0 96
30.5 69 78.0 97
32.0 70 80.0 98
33.5 71 83.0 99

11-298
 Obstetrics References

CRL(NELSON)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Nelson L.H.,
“Comparison of Methods for Determining Crown-Rump Measurement by
Real-Time Ultrasound” Journal of clinical ultrasound 9: 67-70; February
1981

51.008 6  CRL
GA 
7

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.0 cm
Max Range: 8.0 cm

CRL(cm) GA(w+d) CRL(cm) GA(w+d)

1.00 08w1d 4.60 11w1d
1.20 08w2d 4.80 11w3d
1.40 08w4d 5.00 11w4d
1.60 08w4d 5.20 11w5d
1.80 08w6d 5.40 11w6d
2.00 09w0d 5.60 12w1d
2.20 09w1d 5.80 12w2d
2.40 09w2d 6.00 12w3d
2.60 09w4d 6.20 12w4d
2.80 09w5d 6.40 12w6d
3.00 09w6d 6.60 12w6d
3.20 10w0d 6.80 13w1d
3.40 10w1d 7.00 13w2d
3.60 10w3d 7.20 13w4d
3.80 10w4d 7.40 13w4d
4.00 10w5d 7.60 13w6d
4.20 10w6d 7.80 14w0d
4.40 11w0d 8.00 14w1d

11-299
 Obstetrics References

CRL(OSAKA)
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

CRL(cm) GA(w+d) CRL(cm) GA(w+d)

0.87 7w0d 3.00 10w0d
0.91 7w1d 3.15 10w1d
0.96 7w2d 3.31 10w2d
1.02 7w3d 3.47 10w3d
1.08 7w4d 3.63 10w4d
1.15 7w5d 3.79 10w5d
1.22 7w6d 3.95 10w6d
1.30 8w0d 4.12 11w0d
1.39 8w1d 4.28 11w1d
1.49 8w2d 4.45 11w2d
1.59 8w3d 4.62 11w3d
1.69 8w4d 4.79 11w4d
1.80 8w5d 4.96 11w5d
1.92 8w6d 5.13 11w6d
2.04 9w0d 5.30 12w0d
2.16 9w1d 5.48 12w1d
2.29 9w2d 5.65 12w2d
2.43 9w3d 5.82 12w3d
2.57 9w4d 5.99 12w4d
2.71 9w5d 6.16 12w5d
2.85 9w6d 6.32 12w6d

11-300
 Obstetrics References

CRL(REMPEN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Rempen A., Chaoui R., Kozlowsky P., Terinde R., Wisser J.: “Standards zur
Ultraschalluntersuchung in der Frühschwangerschaft” Ultraschall in Med. 22
(2001) M1-M5

CRL GA(Weeks+days) CRL GA(Weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
0.20 5w2d 6w0d 6w4d 3.20 9w0d 9w6d 10w4d
0.30 5w4d 6w1d 6w5d 3.30 9w1d 9w6d 10w5d
0.40 5w5d 6w2d 7w0d 3.40 9w1d 10w0d 10w6d
0.50 5w6d 6w3d 7w1d 3.50 9w2d 10w1d 11w0d
0.60 6w0d 6w4d 7w2d 3.60 9w3d 10w2d 11w0d
0.70 6w1d 6w5d 7w3d 3.70 9w4d 10w2d 11w1d
0.80 6w2d 6w6d 7w4d 3.80 9w4d 10w3d 11w2d
0.90 6w3d 7w0d 7w5d 3.90 9w5d 10w4d 11w3d
1.00 6w4d 7w1d 7w6d 4.00 9w6d 10w5d 11w4d
1.10 6w4d 7w2d 8w0d 4.10 10w0d 10w5d 11w4d
1.20 6w5d 7w3d 8w1d 4.20 10w0d 10w6d 11w5d
1.30 6w6d 7w4d 8w2d 4.30 10w1d 11w0d 11w6d
1.40 7w0d 7w5d 8w3d 4.40 10w2d 11w1d 12w0d
1.50 7w1d 7w6d 8w4d 4.50 10w2d 11w1d 12w0d
1.60 7w2d 8w0d 8w5d 4.60 10w3d 11w2d 12w1d
1.70 7w3d 8w0d 8w6d 4.70 10w4d 11w3d 12w2d
1.80 7w3d 8w1d 9w0d 4.80 10w5d 11w4d 12w3d
1.90 7w4d 8w2d 9w0d 4.90 10w5d 11w4d 12w3d
2.00 7w5d 8w3d 9w1d 5.00 10w6d 11w5d 12w4d
2.10 7w6d 8w4d 9w2d 5.10 11w0d 11w6d 12w5d
2.20 7w6d 8w5d 9w3d 5.20 11w0d 11w6d 12w6d
2.30 8w0d 8w5d 9w4d 5.30 11w1d 12w0d 12w6d
2.40 8w1d 8w6d 9w5d 5.40 11w2d 12w1d 13w0d
2.50 8w2d 9w0d 9w6d 5.50 11w2d 12w2d 13w1d
2.60 8w3d 9w1d 9w6d 5.60 11w3d 12w2d 13w2d
2.70 8w3d 9w2d 10w0d 5.70 11w4d 12w3d 13w3d
2.80 8w4d 9w2d 10w1d 5.80 11w5d 12w4d 13w3d
2.90 8w5d 9w3d 10w2d 5.90 11w5d 12w5d 13w4d
3.00 8w6d 9w4d 10w3d 6.00 11w6d 12w5d 13w5d
3.10 8w6d 9w5d 10w3d

11-301
 Obstetrics References

CRL(ROBINSON)
Reference

Robinson H.P., Fleming J.E.E., “A critical evaluation of Sonar “Crown-Rump

Length” measurements” British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology;
Volume 82:702-710, September 1975

8.052 10CRL 23.73

GA
7

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 0.6 cm
Max Range: 8.5 cm

11-302
 Obstetrics References

CRL(SHINOZUKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y. Department of Obstetrics

and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo “Standard Values
of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888;
1996

GA(w+d/d)
CRL(cm)
mean ±dec
0.50 06w3d 3d
1.00 07w3d 4d
1.50 08w1d 5d
2.00 08w6d 6d
2.50 09w4d 6d
3.00 10w2d 7d
3.50 10w6d 8d
4.00 11w3d 8d
4.50 11w6d 9d
5.00 12w2d 10d

11-303
 Obstetrics References

CRL(TOKYO)
Reference

Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

GA(d/d) GA(d/d)
CRL(mm) CRL(mm)
mean ±1SD mean ±1SD
13 55 8 32 73 7
14 56 9 33 74 7
15 57 10 34 74 7
16 58 8 35 75 7
17 59 9 36 76 7
18 60 10 37 77 7
19 61 8 38 78 7
20 62 9 39 78 7
21 63 7 40 79 7
22 64 7 41 80 7
23 65 7 42 81 7
24 66 7 43 81 7
25 67 7 44 82 7
26 68 7 45 83 7
27 68 7 46 84 7
28 69 7 47 84 7
29 70 7 48 85 7
30 71 7 49 86 7
31 72 7 50 86 7

11-304
 Obstetrics References

CRL (EIK-NES 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no
CRL(mm GA CRL(mm) GA CRL(mm) GA
)
w d w d w d
11 8 0 34 10 2 57 12 1
12 8 1 35 10 3 58 12 2
13 8 2 36 10 3 59 12 2
14 8 3 37 10 4 60 12 3
15 8 3 38 10 4 61 12 3
16 8 4 39 10 5 62 12 4
17 8 5 40 10 6 63 12 4
18 8 5 41 10 6 64 12 5
19 8 6 42 11 0 65 12 6
20 9 0 43 11 0 66 12 6
21 9 0 44 11 1 67 13 0
22 9 1 45 11 1 68 13 0
23 9 2 46 11 2 69 13 0
24 9 2 47 11 3 70 13 1
25 9 3 48 11 3 71 13 1
26 9 4 49 11 4 72 13 2
27 9 4 50 11 4 73 13 3
28 9 5 51 11 5 74 13 3
29 9 6 52 11 6 75 13 4
30 9 6 53 11 6 76 13 4
31 10 0 54 12 0 77 13 5
32 10 1 55 12 0 78 13 5
33 10 1 56 12 1 79 13 6

11-305
 Obstetrics References

FIB(JEANTY)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann. "Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology." Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986, p.182.

FIB and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; FIB
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

FIB GA
50% (weeks)
06 12
09 13
12 14
15 15
18 16
21 17
23 18
26 19
28 20
31 21
33 22
35 23
37 24
40 25
42 26
44 27
45 28
47 29
49 30
51 31
52 32
54 33
55 34
57 35
58 36

11-306
 Obstetrics References

59 37

11
61 38

Safety and Regulatory Information

62 39
63 40

11-307
 Obstetrics References

FL(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA GA
FL(cm) FL(cm)
w ±d w ±d
0.8 11 07 5.0 27 14
1.0 12 07 5.4 28 14
1.1 13 07 5.5 29 18
1.5 14 07 5.8 30 18
1.7 15 07 5.9 31 18
2.2 16 07 6.2 32 21
2.5 17 07 6.5 33 21
2.8 18 10 6.6 34 21
3.0 19 10 6.7 35 21
3.2 20 10 6.9 36 21
3.4 21 14 7.2 37 21
3.7 22 14 7.3 38 21
4.3 23 14 7.5 39 21
4.5 24 14 7.6 40 21
4.8 25 14 7.7 41 21
4.9 26 14

11-308
 Obstetrics References

FL(CFEF)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

FL and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; FL (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

FL(mm) GA(week)
06.33 12
09.88 13
13.33 14
16.66 15
19.95 16
23.12 17
26.23 18
29.25 19
32.23 20
35.05 21
37.87 22
40.50 23
43.16 24
45.69 25
48.17 26
50.53 27
52.80 28
54.94 29
57.13 30
59.15 31
61.11 32
63.00 33
64.76 34
66.47 35

11-309
 Obstetrics References

68.13 36
69.63 37
71.11 38
72.48 39
73.79 40
74.00 41

11-310
 Obstetrics References

FL(CHITTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Altmann D.G.; Chitty L.S. “New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy.”
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997

FL GA(weeks+days) FL GA(weeks+days)
(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 12w1d 13w0d 13w6d 3.90 20w5d 22w4d 24w3d
1.10 12w3d 13w2d 14w1d 4.00 21w1d 22w6d 24w6d
1.20 12w5d 13w4d 14w4d 4.10 21w3d 23w2d 25w2d
1.30 13w0d 13w6d 14w6d 4.20 21w6d 23w5d 25w5d
1.40 13w1d 14w1d 15w1d 4.30 22w1d 24w1d 26w1d
1.50 13w3d 14w3d 15w3d 4.40 22w4d 24w3d 26w4d
1.60 13w5d 14w5d 15w6d 4.50 22w6d 24w6d 27w1d
1.70 14w0d 15w0d 16w1d 4.60 23w2d 25w2d 27w4d
1.80 14w2d 15w2d 16w3d 4.70 23w4d 25w5d 28w0d
1.90 14w4d 15w5d 16w6d 4.80 24w0d 26w1d 28w3d
2.00 14w6d 16w0d 17w1d 4.90 24w3d 26w4d 29w0d
2.10 15w1d 16w2d 17w3d 5.00 24w5d 27w0d 29w3d
2.20 15w3d 16w4d 17w6d 5.10 25w1d 27w3d 30w0d
2.30 15w5d 16w6d 18w1d 5.20 25w4d 27w6d 30w3d
2.40 16w0d 17w2d 18w4d 5.30 26w0d 28w2d 31w0d
2.50 16w2d 17w4d 18w6d 5.40 26w2d 28w5d 31w3d
2.60 16w4d 17w6d 19w2d 5.50 26w5d 29w2d 32w0d
2.70 16w6d 18w2d 19w5d 5.60 27w1d 29w5d 32w3d
2.80 17w1d 18w4d 20w0d 5.70 27w4d 30w1d 33w0d
2.90 17w4d 18w6d 20w3d 5.80 28w0d 30w4d 33w4d
3.00 17w6d 19w2d 20w5d 5.90 28w3d 31w1d 34w1d
3.10 18w1d 19w4d 21w1d 6.00 28w6d 31w4d 34w4d
3.20 18w3d 20w0d 21w4d 6.10 29w2d 32w1d 35w1d
3.30 18w5d 20w2d 22w0d 6.20 29w5d 32w4d 35w5d
3.40 19w1d 20w5d 22w2d 6.30 30w1d 33w1d 36w2d
3.50 19w3d 21w0d 22w5d 6.40 30w4d 33w4d 36w6d
3.60 19w5d 21w3d 23w1d 6.50 31w0d 34w1d 37w3d
3.70 20w1d 21w5d 23w4d 6.60 31w3d 34w4d 38w0d
3.80 20w3d 22w1d 24w0d 6.70 32w0d 35w1d 38w5d

11-311
 Obstetrics References

FL (EIK-NES 2007)
Reference: www.esnurra.no
FL(mm) FL(mm)
GA(Days) GA(Days)
mean SD mean SD
168 42.632 2.257 235 64.818 2.61
169 43.004 2.259 236 65.08 2.614
170 43.379 2.261 237 65.34 2.62
171 43.756 2.265 238 65.599 2.628
172 44.134 2.271 239 65.856 2.637
173 44.514 2.277 240 66.111 2.649
174 44.895 2.286 241 66.364 2.663
175 45.275 2.296 242 66.617 2.678
176 45.656 2.307 243 66.867 2.695
177 46.037 2.32 244 67.116 2.713
178 46.417 2.335 245 67.364 2.732
179 46.797 2.35 246 67.61 2.752
180 47.175 2.366 247 67.854 2.772
181 47.552 2.383 248 68.097 2.793
182 47.928 2.401 249 68.338 2.814
183 48.303 2.418 250 68.578 2.834
184 48.676 2.435 251 68.817 2.854
185 49.047 2.451 252 69.053 2.873
186 49.416 2.468 253 69.288 2.891
187 49.784 2.484 254 69.521 2.908
188 50.15 2.5 255 69.753 2.923
189 50.514 2.516 256 69.982 2.936
190 50.875 2.531 257 70.21 2.948
191 51.235 2.546 258 70.436 2.959
192 51.592 2.56 259 70.66 2.969
193 51.948 2.573 260 70.882 2.978
194 52.301 2.585 261 71.102 2.986
195 52.651 2.597 262 71.32 2.994
196 52.999 2.608 263 71.537 3.002
197 53.345 2.618 264 71.751 3.01
198 53.689 2.628 265 71.963 3.018
199 54.03 2.636 266 72.174 3.026
200 54.368 2.644 267 72.382 3.035

11-312
 Obstetrics References

201 54.704 2.65 268 72.589 3.043

11
202 55.038 2.654 269 72.794 3.051
203 55.369 2.657 270 72.997 3.058

Safety and Regulatory Information

204 55.698 2.659 271 73.198 3.065
205 56.025 2.661 272 73.397 3.071
206 56.349 2.661 273 73.595 3.077
207 56.671 2.661 274 73.79 3.082
208 56.991 2.661 275 73.985 3.086
209 57.309 2.66 276 74.177 3.09
210 57.624 2.66 277 74.368 3.092
211 57.937 2.66 278 74.557 3.095
212 58.248 2.659 279 74.745 3.096
213 58.556 2.659 280 74.932 3.097
214 58.862 2.658 281 75.117 3.096
215 59.166 2.658 282 75.3 3.095
216 59.468 2.657 283 75.483 3.092
217 59.768 2.656 284 75.664 3.087
218 60.066 2.654 285 75.844 3.081
219 60.361 2.653 286 76.023 3.073
220 60.655 2.651 287 76.201 3.063
221 60.946 2.648 288 76.379 3.052
222 61.236 2.645 289 76.555 3.038
223 61.523 2.642 290 76.731 3.023
224 61.809 2.639 291 76.907 3.005
225 62.092 2.635 292 77.082 2.985
226 62.373 2.631 293 77.257 2.961
227 62.653 2.626 294 77.431 2.934
228 62.93 2.622 295 77.605 2.904
229 63.206 2.617 296 77.779 2.869
230 63.479 2.613 297 77.953 2.83
231 63.751 2.61 298 78.127 2.787
232 64.02 2.608 299 78.301 2.74
233 64.288 2.607 300 78.475 2.689
234 64.554 2.607 301 78.648 2.635

11-313
 Obstetrics References

FL(HADLOCK_82)
Reference

Hadlock F., “Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Age and Weight”

Radiologic Clinics of North America – Vol.28, No. 1, January 1990

GA = 10.4+2.26 × FL+0.195 × FL²

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.20 cm
Max Range: 8.20 cm

Standard Deviation: 1.20 weeks

FL GA FL GA
(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
1.20 13w3d 4.80 25w5d
1.40 13w6d 5.00 26w4d
1.60 14w4d 5.20 27w3d
1.80 15w1d 5.40 28w1d
2.00 15w5d 5.60 29w1d
2.20 16w3d 5.80 30w0d
2.40 16w6d 6.00 30w6d
2.60 17w4d 6.20 31w6d
2.80 18w1d 6.40 32w6d
3.00 18w6d 6.60 33w6d
3.20 19w4d 6.80 34w5d
3.40 20w2d 7.00 35w5d
3.60 21w0d 7.20 36w5d
3.80 21w6d 7.40 37w5d
4.00 22w4d 7.60 38w6d
4.20 23w2d 7.80 39w6d
4.40 24w1d 8.00 40w6d
4.60 24w6d 8.20 41w6d

11-314
 Obstetrics References

FL(HADLOCK_84)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hadlock,F.P., Deter,R.L., Harrist,R.B., Park,S.K.,” Estimating fetal age:

computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters”, Radiology
Vol. 152 No. 2, 1984, pages 497-501.

GA = 10.35 + 2.46 × FL + 0.17 × FL²

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 0.6 cm
Max Range: 8.2 cm

Standard Deviation:

GA(weeks) ± 2SD
Low High (weeks)
12 18 1.38
18 24 1.80
24 30 2.08
30 36 2.96
36 42 3.12

11-315
 Obstetrics References

FL(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p.431.

FL(cm) GA(weeks
1.00 13
1.20 14
1.60 15
1.80 16
2.20 17
2.50 18
2.80 19
3.10 20
3.40 21
3.60 22
3.90 23
4.10 24
4.40 25
4.70 26
4.90 27
5.10 28
5.40 29
5.60 30
5.90 31
6.10 32
6.30 33
6.50 34
6.70 35
6.90 36
7.10 37
7.30 38
7.40 39
7.50 40

11-316
 Obstetrics References

FL(HOHLER)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hohler C.W., Quetel T.A. “Fetal Femur Length: Equations for Computer
Calculation of Gestational Age from Ultrasound Measurements” American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol. 143, No. 4: 479-481, June 15,
1982

GA = 9.18 + 2.67 × FL + 0.16 × FL²

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.0 cm
Max Range: 8.0 cm

GA(weeks) ± 2SD(weeks)
<23 1.0
>23 2.8

FL GA(w+d) FL GA(w+d) FL GA(w+d)

(cm) mean ±dec (cm) mean ±dec (cm) mean ±dec
1.00 12w0d 1w0d 3.40 20w1d 1w0d 5.80 30w0d 2w6d
1.10 12w2d 1w0d 3.50 20w4d 1w0d 5.90 30w4d 2w6d
1.20 12w4d 1w0d 3.60 20w6d 1w0d 6.00 31w0d 2w6d
1.30 12w6d 1w0d 3.70 21w2d 1w0d 6.10 31w4d 2w6d
1.40 13w1d 1w0d 3.80 21w5d 1w0d 6.20 31w6d 2w6d
1.50 13w4d 1w0d 3.90 22w0d 1w0d 6.30 32w3d 2w6d
1.60 13w6d 1w0d 4.00 22w3d 1w0d 6.40 32w6d 2w6d
1.70 14w1d 1w0d 4.10 22w6d 1w0d 6.50 33w2d 2w6d
1.80 14w4d 1w0d 4.20 23w1d 2w6d 6.60 33w6d 2w6d
1.90 14w6d 1w0d 4.30 23w4d 2w6d 6.70 34w2d 2w6d
2.00 15w1d 1w0d 4.40 24w0d 2w6d 6.80 34w6d 2w6d
2.10 15w4d 1w0d 4.50 24w4d 2w6d 6.90 35w2d 2w6d
2.20 15w6d 1w0d 4.60 24w6d 2w6d 7.00 35w6d 2w6d
2.30 16w1d 1w0d 4.70 25w2d 2w6d 7.10 36w2d 2w6d
2.40 16w4d 1w0d 4.80 25w5d 2w6d 7.20 36w6d 2w6d
2.50 16w6d 1w0d 4.90 26w1d 2w6d 7.30 37w2d 2w6d
2.60 17w1d 1w0d 5.00 26w4d 2w6d 7.40 37w6d 2w6d

11-317
 Obstetrics References

2.70 17w4d 1w0d 5.10 27w0d 2w6d 7.50 38w2d 2w6d

2.80 17w6d 1w0d 5.20 27w3d 2w6d 7.60 38w6d 2w6d
2.90 18w2d 1w0d 5.30 27w6d 2w6d 7.70 39w2d 2w6d
3.00 18w4d 1w0d 5.40 28w2d 2w6d 7.80 39w6d 2w6d
3.10 19w0d 1w0d 5.50 28w5d 2w6d 7.90 40w2d 2w6d
3.20 19w3d 1w0d 5.60 29w1d 2w6d 8.00 40w6d 2w6d
3.30 19w5d 1w0d 5.70 29w4d 2w6d

11-318
 Obstetrics References

FL(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Rodesch F., Delbeke D., Dumont J. “Estimation of Gestational Age
from Measurements of Fetal Long Bones” Journal of Ultrasound Medicine, 3:
75-79, February, 1984

GA = 9.54 + 2.977 × FL + 0.10389 × FL²

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
in Range: 1.00 cm
Max Range: 8.00 cm

Standard deviation (±): 1SD = 1.4 weeks

FL GA(weeks+days) FL GA(weeks+days) FL GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 10w3d 12w4d 14w6d 3.40 18w5d 20w6d 23w1d 5.80 28w1d 30w2d 32w4d
1.10 10w5d 12w6d 15w1d 3.50 19w0d 21w1d 23w3d 5.90 28w4d 30w5d 32w6d
1.20 11w1d 13w2d 15w4d 3.60 19w3d 21w4d 23w6d 6.00 28w6d 31w1d 33w2d
1.30 11w3d 13w4d 15w6d 3.70 19w6d 22w0d 24w1d 6.10 29w3d 31w4d 33w6d
1.40 11w5d 13w6d 16w1d 3.80 20w1d 22w3d 24w4d 6.20 29w6d 32w0d 34w1d
1.50 12w0d 14w1d 16w3d 3.90 20w4d 22w5d 24w6d 6.30 30w1d 32w3d 34w4d
1.60 12w3d 14w4d 16w6d 4.00 20w6d 23w1d 25w2d 6.40 30w5d 32w6d 35w1d
1.70 12w5d 14w6d 17w1d 4.10 21w2d 23w4d 25w5d 6.50 31w1d 33w2d 35w4d
1.80 13w0d 15w1d 17w3d 4.20 21w5d 23w6d 26w1d 6.60 31w4d 33w5d 35w6d
1.90 13w3d 15w4d 17w6d 4.30 22w1d 24w2d 26w4d 6.70 32w0d 34w1d 36w3d
2.00 13w5d 15w6d 18w1d 4.40 22w4d 24w5d 26w6d 6.80 32w3d 34w4d 36w6d
2.10 14w1d 16w2d 18w4d 4.50 22w6d 25w0d 27w1d 6.90 32w6d 35w0d 37w1d
2.20 14w3d 16w4d 18w6d 4.60 23w1d 25w3d 27w4d 7.00 33w2d 35w4d 37w5d
2.30 14w5d 16w6d 19w1d 4.70 23w4d 25w6d 28w0d 7.10 33w5d 35w6d 38w1d
2.40 15w1d 17w2d 19w4d 4.80 24w0d 26w1d 28w3d 7.20 34w1d 36w3d 38w4d
2.50 15w3d 17w4d 19w6d 4.90 24w3d 26w4d 28w6d 7.30 34w4d 36w6d 39w0d
2.60 15w6d 18w0d 20w1d 5.00 24w6d 27w0d 29w1d 7.40 35w1d 37w2d 39w4d
2.70 16w1d 18w2d 20w4d 5.10 25w1d 27w3d 29w4d 7.50 35w4d 37w5d 39w6d
2.80 16w4d 18w5d 20w6d 5.20 25w4d 27w6d 30w0d 7.60 36w0d 38w1d 40w3d
2.90 16w6d 19w0d 21w1d 5.30 26w0d 28w1d 30w3d 7.70 36w3d 38w4d 40w6d

11-319
 Obstetrics References

3.00 17w1d 19w3d 21w4d 5.40 26w3d 28w4d 30w6d 7.80 36w6d 39w1d 41w2d
3.10 17w4d 19w6d 22w0d 5.50 26w6d 29w1d 31w2d 7.90 37w2d 39w4d 41w5d
3.20 17w6d 20w1d 22w2d 5.60 27w2d 29w4d 31w5d 8.00 37w6d 40w0d 42w1d
3.30 18w2d 20w4d 22w5d 5.70 27w5d 29w6d 32w1d

11-320
 Obstetrics References

FL(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

GA(weeks+days) GA(weeks+days)
FL(cm) FL(cm)
mean ±1SD mean ±1SD
2.00 16w1d 6 4.60 26w2d 10
2.10 16w3d 6 4.70 26w5d 10
2.20 16w6d 6 4.80 27w2d 10
2.30 17w1d 7 4.90 27w5d 10
2.40 17w3d 7 5.00 28w2d 10
2.50 17w6d 7 5.10 28w5d 10
2.60 18w1d 7 5.20 29w2d 11
2.70 18w3d 7 5.30 29w5d 11
2.80 18w6d 7 5.40 30w2d 11
2.90 19w1d 7 5.50 30w5d 11
3.00 19w4d 8 5.60 31w2d 11
3.10 20w0d 8 5.70 31w6d 11
3.20 20w2d 8 5.80 32w3d 11
3.30 20w5d 8 5.90 33w0d 12
3.40 21w1d 8 6.00 33w3d 12
3.50 21w3d 8 6.10 34w0d 12
3.60 21w6d 8 6.20 34w4d 12
3.70 22w2d 9 6.30 35w1d 12
3.80 22w5d 9 6.40 35w5d 12
3.90 23w1d 9 6.50 36w2d 12
4.00 23w4d 9 6.60 37w0d 12
4.10 24w0d 9 6.70 37w4d 13
4.20 24w3d 9 6.80 38w1d 13
4.30 24w6d 9 6.90 38w5d 13
4.40 25w3d 9 7.00 39w3d 13
4.50 25w6d 10

11-321
 Obstetrics References

FL(KURMANAVICIUS)
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

FL GA FL GA
(weeks+ (weeks+
(cm) (cm)
days) days)
0.7 12w0d 4.3 24w1d
0.8 12w2d 4.4 24w4d
0.9 12w4d 4.5 25w0d
1.0 12w6d 4.6 25w2d
1.1 13w1d 4.7 25w5d
1.2 13w4d 4.8 26w1d
1.3 13w6d 4.9 26w4d
1.4 14w1d 5.0 27w0d
1.5 14w3d 5.1 27w3d
1.6 14w5d 5.2 27w6d
1.7 15w0d 5.3 28w2d
1.8 15w3d 5.4 28w5d
1.9 15w5d 5.5 29w2d
2.0 16w0d 5.6 29w5d
2.1 16w2d 5.7 30w1d
2.2 16w5d 5.8 30w4d
2.3 17w0d 5.9 31w1d
2.4 17w2d 6.0 31w4d
2.5 17w5d 6.1 32w1d
2.6 18w0d 6.2 32w4d
2.7 18w2d 6.3 33w1d
2.8 18w5d 6.4 33w4d
2.9 19w0d 6.5 34w1d
3.0 19w2d 6.6 34w5d
3.1 19w5d 6.7 35w2d
3.2 20w0d 6.8 35w6d
3.3 20w3d 6.9 36w3d

11-322
 Obstetrics References

3.4 20w5d 7.0 37w0d

11
3.5 21w1d 7.1 37w4d

Safety and Regulatory Information

3.6 21w3d 7.2 38w2d
3.7 21w6d 7.3 38w6d
3.8 22w2d 7.4 39w4d
3.9 22w4d 7.5 40w2d
4.0 23w0d 7.6 41w0d
4.1 23w2d 7.7 41w5d
4.2 23w5d

11-323
 Obstetrics References

FL(MARSAL)

FL and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; FL values

are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL
(d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm)
85 8.0 118 23,0 151 36,4 184 49,6 217 61,3 250 70,0 283 78,3
86 8.5 119 23,5 152 36,8 185 50,0 218 61,7 251 70,3 284 78,5
87 9.0 120 24,0 153 37,6 186 50,4 219 62,0 252 70,5 285 78,8
88 9.5 121 24,4 154 37,8 187 50,8 220 62,3 253 70,8 286 79,0
89 10.0 122 24,8 155 38,0 188 51,3 221 62,7 254 71,0 287 79,3
90 10,5 123 25,2 156 38,4 189 51,6 222 63,0 255 71,3 288 79,5
91 11,1 124 25,6 157 38,8 190 52,0 223 63,3 256 71,5 289 79,8
92 11,7 125 26,0 158 39,2 191 52,4 224 63,5 257 71,8 290 80,0
93 12,2 126 26,4 159 39,6 192 52,8 225 63,8 258 72,0 291 80,3
94 12,8 127 26,8 160 40,0 193 53,2 226 64,0 259 72,3 292 80,5
95 13,3 128 27,2 161 40,4 194 53,6 227 64,3 260 72,5 293 80,8
96 13,8 129 27,6 162 40,8 195 54,0 228 64,5 261 72,8 294 81,0
97 14,2 130 28,0 163 41,2 196 54,3 229 64,8 262 73,0 295 81,2
98 14,6 131 28,4 164 41,6 197 54,7 230 65,0 263 73,3 296 81,4
99 15,0 132 28,8 165 42,0 198 55,0 231 65,3 264 73,5 297 81,6
100 15,4 133 29,2 166 42,4 199 55,3 232 65,5 265 73,8 298 81,8
101 15,8 134 29,6 167 42,8 200 55,6 233 65,8 266 74,0 299 82,0
102 16,2 135 30,0 168 43,2 201 56,0 234 66,0 267 74,3 300 82,2
103 16,6 136 30,4 169 43,6 202 56,3 235 66,3 268 74,5
104 17,0 137 30,8 170 44,0 203 56,7 236 66,5 269 74,8
105 17,4 138 31,2 171 44,4 204 57,0 237 66,8 270 75,0
106 17,8 139 31,6 172 44,8 205 57,3 238 67,0 271 75,3
107 18,2 140 32,0 173 45,2 206 57,7 239 67,3 272 75,5
108 18,6 141 32,4 174 45,6 207 58,0 240 67,5 273 75,8
109 19,0 142 32,8 175 46,0 208 58,3 241 67,8 274 76,0
110 19,4 143 33,2 176 46,4 209 58,7 242 68,0 275 76,3
111 19,8 144 33,6 177 46,8 210 59,0 243 68,3 276 76,5
112 20,2 145 34,0 178 47,2 211 59,3 244 68,5 277 76,8

11-324
 Obstetrics References

113 20,6 146 34,4 179 47,6 212 59,7 245 68,8 278 77,0

11
114 21,0 147 34,8 180 48,0 213 60,0 246 69,0 279 77,3

Safety and Regulatory Information

117 22,5 150 36,0 183 49,2 216 61,0 249 69,8 282 78,0

11-325
 Obstetrics References

FL(MERZ)
2.35301 0.231815 FL  0.007804 FL2
Reference GA  e
E. Merz, W. Goldhofer, E. Timor-Tritsch "Ultrasound in Gynecology and
Obstetrics" Textbook and Atlas, 1991 Georg Thieme Verlag, pp. 326

FL GA(weeks+days) FL GA(weeks+days) FL GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 11w1d 12w2d 13w4d 3.40 19w1d 20w6d 22w3d 5.80 28w1d 30w1d 32w1d
1.10 11w4d 12w5d 13w6d 3.50 19w4d 21w1d 22w6d 5.90 28w4d 30w4d 32w4d
1.20 11w6d 13w0d 14w1d 3.60 20w0d 21w4d 23w1d 6.00 29w0d 31w0d 33w0d
1.30 12w1d 13w2d 14w4d 3.70 20w2d 21w6d 23w4d 6.10 29w4d 31w4d 33w4d
1.40 12w3d 13w5d 15w0d 3.80 20w5d 22w2d 23w6d 6.20 29w6d 31w6d 33w6d
1.50 12w5d 14w0d 15w2d 3.90 21w0d 22w5d 24w3d 6.30 30w2d 32w2d 34w2d
1.60 13w1d 14w3d 15w5d 4.00 21w3d 23w1d 24w6d 6.40 30w6d 32w6d 34w6d
1.70 13w3d 14w5d 16w0d 4.10 21w5d 23w3d 25w1d 6.50 31w1d 33w1d 35w1d
1.80 13w6d 15w1d 16w3d 4.20 22w1d 23w6d 25w4d 6.60 31w4d 33w4d 35w4d
1.90 14w1d 15w3d 16w5d 4.30 22w4d 24w1d 25w6d 6.70 32w0d 34w1d 36w1d
2.00 14w4d 15w6d 17w1d 4.40 22w6d 24w4d 26w3d 6.80 32w3d 34w4d 36w4d
2.10 14w6d 16w1d 17w3d 4.50 23w1d 25w0d 26w6d 6.90 32w6d 35w0d 37w1d
2.20 15w1d 16w4d 17w6d 4.60 23w4d 25w3d 27w1d 7.00 33w2d 35w3d 37w4d
2.30 15w3d 16w6d 18w1d 4.70 24w0d 25w6d 27w4d 7.10 33w6d 35w6d 38w0d
2.40 15w6d 17w1d 18w4d 4.80 24w3d 26w1d 28w0d 7.20 34w1d 36w2d 38w3d
2.50 16w1d 17w4d 19w1d 4.90 24w5d 26w4d 28w2d 7.30 34w4d 36w6d 39w0d
2.60 16w3d 17w6d 19w3d 5.00 25w1d 26w6d 28w5d 7.40 35w1d 37w2d 39w4d
2.70 16w6d 18w2d 19w6d 5.10 25w4d 27w2d 29w1d 7.50 35w4d 37w5d 39w6d
2.80 17w1d 18w4d 20w1d 5.20 25w6d 27w5d 29w4d 7.60 36w0d 38w1d 40w3d
2.90 17w4d 19w0d 20w4d 5.30 26w1d 28w1d 30w0d 7.70 36w4d 38w5d 40w6d
3.00 17w6d 19w3d 20w6d 5.40 26w4d 28w4d 30w4d 7.80 37w0d 39w1d 41w3d
3.10 18w1d 19w5d 21w1d 5.50 27w0d 29w0d 31w0d 7.90 37w3d 39w4d 41w6d
3.20 18w4d 20w1d 21w4d 5.60 27w3d 29w3d 31w3d 8.00 37w6d 40w1d 42w2d
3.30 18w6d 20w4d 22w1d 5.70 27w6d 29w6d 31w6d

11-326
 Obstetrics References

FL(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

FL and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; FL (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

FL(cm)
GA(weeks)
Median
1.70 14
1.90 15
2.20 16
2.40 17
2.70 18
3.00 19
3.20 20
3.50 21
3.80 22
4.10 23
4.30 24
4.60 25
4.80 26
5.10 27
5.30 28
5.60 29
5.80 30
6.00 31
6.20 32
6.40 33
6.60 34
6.80 35
6.90 36
7.10 37
7.20 38
7.30 39

11-327
 Obstetrics References

FL(O'BRIEN)
Reference

O´Brien G.D., Queenan J.T. “Growth of the ultrasound fetal femur length
during normal pregnancy. Part I.” American Journal in Obstetrics and
Gynecology; December 1981; 141(7); pp. 833-887

FL and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; FL (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

FL(mm)
GA(weeks)
mean
16.6 14
19.9 15
22.0 16
25.2 17
29.6 18
32.4 19
34.8 20
37.5 21
40.9 22
43.5 23
46.4 24
48.0 25
51.1 26
53.0 27
54.4 28
57.3 29
58.7 30
61.5 31
62.8 32
64.9 33
65.7 34
67.7 35
69.5 36
70.8 37

11-328
 Obstetrics References

71.8 38

11
74.2 39

Safety and Regulatory Information

75.4 40

11-329
 Obstetrics References

FL(OSAKA)
Reference

Prenatal care Val. 9 No. 5

FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA
(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
0.94 13w0d 2.59 18w3d 4.04 23w6d 5.28 29w2d 6.31 34w5d
0.98 13w1d 2.63 18w4d 4.08 24w0d 5.31 29w3d 6.34 34w6d
1.03 13w2d 2.67 18w5d 4.11 24w1d 5.34 29w4d 6.36 35w0d
1.07 13w3d 2.71 18w6d 4.15 24w2d 5.37 29w5d 6.39 35w1d
1.12 13w4d 2.75 19w0d 4.18 24w3d 5.40 29w6d 6.41 35w2d
1.17 13w5d 2.79 19w1d 4.22 24w4d 5.43 30w0d 6.43 35w3d
1.21 13w6d 2.83 19w2d 4.25 24w5d 5.46 30w1d 6.46 35w4d
1.26 14w0d 2.87 19w3d 4.28 24w6d 5.49 30w2d 6.48 35w5d
1.30 14w1d 2.91 19w4d 4.32 25w0d 5.52 30w3d 6.50 35w6d
1.35 14w2d 2.95 19w5d 4.35 25w1d 5.54 30w4d 6.53 36w0d
1.39 14w3d 2.99 19w6d 4.39 25w2d 5.57 30w5d 6.55 36w1d
1.44 14w4d 3.03 20w0d 4.42 25w3d 5.60 30w6d 6.57 36w2d
1.48 14w5d 3.07 20w1d 4.45 25w4d 5.63 31w0d 6.60 36w3d
1.53 14w6d 3.11 20w2d 4.49 25w5d 5.66 31w1d 6.62 36w4d
1.57 15w0d 3.15 20w3d 4.52 25w6d 5.69 31w2d 6.64 36w5d
1.61 15w1d 3.19 20w4d 4.56 26w0d 5.71 31w3d 6.66 36w6d
1.66 15w2d 3.23 20w5d 4.59 26w1d 5.74 31w4d 6.69 37w0d
1.70 15w3d 3.27 20w6d 4.62 26w2d 5.77 31w5d 6.71 37w1d
1.75 15w4d 3.30 21w0d 4.65 26w3d 5.80 31w6d 6.73 37w2d
1.79 15w5d 3.34 21w1d 4.69 26w4d 5.82 32w0d 6.75 37w3d
1.83 15w6d 3.38 21w2d 4.72 26w5d 5.85 32w1d 6.77 37w4d
1.88 16w0d 3.42 21w3d 4.75 26w6d 5.88 32w2d 6.79 37w5d
1.92 16w1d 3.46 21w4d 4.78 27w0d 5.90 32w3d 6.82 37w6d
1.96 16w2d 3.49 21w5d 4.82 27w1d 5.93 32w4d 6.84 38w0d
2.01 16w3d 3.53 21w6d 4.85 27w2d 5.96 32w5d 6.86 38w1d
2.05 16w4d 3.57 22w0d 4.88 27w3d 5.98 32w6d 6.88 38w2d
2.09 16w5d 3.61 22w1d 4.91 27w4d 6.01 33w0d 6.90 38w3d
2.13 16w6d 3.64 22w2d 4.94 27w5d 6.04 33w1d 6.92 38w4d
2.18 17w0d 3.68 22w3d 4.97 27w6d 6.06 33w2d 6.94 38w5d

11-330
 Obstetrics References

2.22 17w1d 3.72 22w4d 5.01 28w0d 6.09 33w3d 6.96 38w6d

11
2.26 17w2d 3.75 22w5d 5.04 28w1d 6.11 33w4d 6.98 39w0d

Safety and Regulatory Information

2.30 17w3d 3.79 22w6d 5.07 28w2d 6.14 33w5d 7.00 39w1d
2.34 17w4d 3.83 23w0d 5.10 28w3d 6.16 33w6d 7.02 39w2d
2.39 17w5d 3.86 23w1d 5.13 28w4d 6.19 34w0d 7.04 39w3d
2.43 17w6d 3.90 23w2d 5.16 28w5d 6.21 34w1d 7.06 39w4d
2.47 18w0d 3.93 23w3d 5.19 28w6d 6.24 34w2d 7.08 39w5d
2.51 18w1d 3.97 23w4d 5.22 29w0d 6.26 34w3d 7.10 39w6d
2.55 18w2d 4.01 23w5d 5.25 29w1d 6.29 34w4d 7.12 40w0d

11-331
 Obstetrics References

FL(SHINOZUKA)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med
Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

GA(w+d/d) GA(w+d/d)
FL(cm) FL(cm)
mean ±dec mean ±dec
2.00 16w1d 6d 4.60 26w2d 10d
2.10 16w3d 6d 4.70 26w5d 10d
2.20 16w6d 6d 4.80 27w2d 10d
2.30 17w1d 7d 4.90 27w5d 10d
2.40 17w3d 7d 5.00 28w2d 10d
2.50 17w6d 7d 5.10 28w5d 10d
2.60 18w1d 7d 5.20 29w2d 11d
2.70 18w3d 7d 5.30 29w5d 11d
2.80 18w6d 7d 5.40 30w2d 11d
2.90 19w1d 7d 5.50 30w5d 11d
3.00 19w4d 8d 5.60 31w2d 11d
3.10 20w0d 8d 5.70 31w6d 11d
3.20 20w2d 8d 5.80 32w3d 11d
3.30 20w5d 8d 5.90 33w0d 12d
3.40 21w1d 8d 6.00 33w3d 12d
3.50 21w3d 8d 6.10 34w0d 12d
3.60 21w6d 8d 6.20 34w4d 12d
3.70 22w2d 9d 6.30 35w1d 12d
3.80 22w5d 9d 6.40 35w5d 12d
3.90 23w1d 9d 6.50 36w2d 12d
4.00 23w3d 9d 6.60 37w0d 12d
4.10 24w0d 9d 6.70 37w4d 13d
4.20 24w3d 9d 6.80 38w1d 13d
4.30 24w6d 9d 6.90 38w5d 13d
4.40 25w3d 9d 7.00 39w3d 13d
4.50 25w6d 10d

11-332
 Obstetrics References

FL(TOKYO)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

GA(d/d) GA(d/d)
FL(mm) FL(mm)
mean ±1SD mean ±1SD
33 143 6 53 207 7
34 146 6 54 210 7
35 149 6 55 214 7
36 153 6 56 217 7
37 156 6 57 220 7
38 159 6 58 224 7
39 162 6 59 228 8
40 166 6 60 231 8
41 169 6 61 235 8
42 172 6 62 239 8
43 175 6 63 243 8
44 178 6 64 247 8
45 181 6 65 251 8
46 185 7 66 256 8
47 188 7 67 260 8
48 191 7 68 266 7
49 194 7 69 271 7
50 197 7 70 278 7
51 200 7 71 286 6
52 204 7

11-333
 Obstetrics References

FL(WARDA)
Reference

Warda A.H., Deter R.L.; Rossavik I.K., Carpenter R.J., Hadlock F.P.
“Fetal Femur Length: A Critical Reevaluation of the Relationship to
Menstrual Age” Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 66: 69-75,
1985

2.35301 0.231815 FL  0.007804 FL2

GA  e

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.00 cm
Max Range: 8.00 cm

FL GA(weeks+days) FL GA(weeks+days)
(cm) -1SD mean +1SD (cm) -1SD mean +1SD
1.00 11w6d 13w1d 14w4d 4.60 23w3d 25w6d 28w5d
1.20 12w3d 13w5d 15w2d 4.80 24w1d 26w5d 29w4d
1.40 13w0d 14w2d 15w6d 5.00 24w6d 27w4d 30w4d
1.60 13w3d 15w0d 16w4d 5.20 25w5d 28w3d 31w4d
1.80 14w0d 15w4d 17w2d 5.40 26w3d 29w2d 32w3d
2.00 14w4d 16w1d 18w0d 5.60 27w1d 30w1d 33w3d
2.20 15w1d 16w6d 18w5d 5.80 28w0d 31w0d 34w3d
2.40 15w6d 17w4d 19w3d 6.00 28w6d 31w6d 35w3d
2.60 16w3d 18w2d 20w1d 6.20 29w4d 32w6d 36w2d
2.80 17w1d 19w0d 21w0d 6.40 30w3d 33w5d 37w2d
3.00 17w5d 19w5d 21w5d 6.60 31w1d 34w4d 38w2d
3.20 18w3d 20w3d 22w4d 6.80 32w0d 35w3d 39w2d
3.40 19w0d 21w1d 23w3d 7.00 32w6d 36w2d 40w2d
3.60 19w5d 21w6d 24w2d 7.20 33w4d 37w2d 41w2d
3.80 20w3d 22w5d 25w1d 7.40 34w3d 38w1d 42w2d
4.00 21w1d 23w3d 26w0d 7.60 35w1d 39w0d 43w2d
4.20 21w6d 24w2d 26w6d 7.80 36w0d 39w6d 44w2d
4.40 22w4d 25w1d 27w6d 8.00 36w5d 40w5d 45w1d

11-334
 Obstetrics References

FTA(OSAKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

FTA GA FTA GA FTA GA FTA GA FTA GA

(cm2) (w+d) (cm2) (w+d) (cm2) (w+d) (cm2) (w+d) (cm2) (w+d)
5.60 14w0d 16.60 19w2d 31.70 24w4d 50.20 29w6d 70.10 35w1d
5.80 14w1d 16.90 19w3d 32.20 24w5d 50.80 30w0d 70.60 35w2d
6.00 14w2d 17.30 19w4d 32.60 24w6d 51.30 30w1d 71.10 35w3d
6.30 14w3d 17.60 19w5d 33.10 25w0d 51.80 30w2d 71.60 35w4d
6.50 14w4d 18.00 19w6d 33.60 25w1d 52.40 30w3d 72.20 35w5d
6.80 14w5d 18.40 20w0d 34.10 25w2d 52.90 30w4d 72.70 35w6d
7.10 14w6d 18.70 20w1d 34.50 25w3d 53.40 30w5d 73.20 36w0d
7.30 15w0d 19.10 20w2d 35.00 25w4d 54.00 30w6d 73.70 36w1d
7.60 15w1d 19.50 20w3d 35.50 25w5d 54.50 31w0d 74.20 36w2d
7.80 15w2d 19.90 20w4d 36.00 25w6d 55.00 31w1d 74.70 36w3d
8.10 15w3d 20.20 20w5d 36.50 26w0d 55.60 31w2d 75.20 36w4d
8.40 15w4d 20.60 20w6d 36.90 26w1d 56.10 31w3d 75.70 36w5d
8.70 15w5d 21.00 21w0d 37.40 26w2d 56.70 31w4d 76.20 36w6d
8.90 15w6d 21.40 21w1d 37.90 26w3d 57.20 31w5d 76.80 37w0d
9.20 16w0d 21.80 21w2d 38.40 26w4d 57.70 31w6d 77.30 37w1d
9.50 16w1d 22.20 21w3d 38.90 26w5d 58.30 32w0d 77.70 37w2d
9.80 16w2d 22.60 21w4d 39.40 26w6d 58.80 32w1d 78.20 37w3d
10.10 16w3d 23.00 21w5d 39.90 27w0d 59.40 32w2d 78.70 37w4d
10.40 16w4d 23.40 21w6d 40.40 27w1d 59.90 32w3d 79.20 37w5d
10.70 16w5d 23.80 22w0d 40.90 27w2d 60.40 32w4d 79.70 37w6d
11.00 16w6d 24.20 22w1d 41.40 27w3d 61.00 32w5d 80.20 38w0d
11.30 17w0d 24.70 22w2d 41.90 27w4d 61.50 32w6d 80.70 38w1d
11.60 17w1d 25.10 22w3d 42.40 27w5d 62.10 33w0d 81.10 38w2d
11.90 17w2d 25.50 22w4d 42.90 27w6d 62.60 33w1d 81.60 38w3d
12.20 17w3d 25.90 22w5d 43.40 28w0d 63.10 33w2d 82.10 38w4d
12.50 17w4d 26.40 22w6d 44.00 28w1d 63.70 33w3d 82.60 38w5d
12.80 17w5d 26.80 23w0d 44.50 28w2d 64.20 33w4d 83.00 38w6d
13.20 17w6d 27.20 23w1d 45.00 28w3d 64.70 33w5d 83.50 39w0d
13.50 18w0d 27.70 23w2d 45.50 28w4d 65.30 33w6d 83.90 39w1d

11-335
 Obstetrics References

13.80 18w1d 28.10 23w3d 46.00 28w5d 65.80 34w0d 84.40 39w2d
14.10 18w2d 28.50 23w4d 46.60 28w6d 66.40 34w1d 84.80 39w3d
14.50 18w3d 29.00 23w5d 47.10 29w0d 66.90 34w2d 85.30 39w4d
14.80 18w4d 29.40 23w6d 47.60 29w1d 67.40 34w3d 85.70 39w5d
15.20 18w5d 29.90 24w0d 48.10 29w2d 67.90 34w4d 86.10 39w6d
15.50 18w6d 30.30 24w1d 48.70 29w3d 68.50 34w5d 86.60 40w0d
15.80 19w0d 30.80 24w2d 49.20 29w4d 69.00 34w6d
16.20 19w1d 31.30 24w3d 49.70 29w5d 69.50 35w0d

11-336
 Obstetrics References

GS(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann M., Hackeloer BJ, Staudach A., “Ultraschalldiagnostik in

Geburtshilfe and Gynäkologie” Springer- Verlag,, 1985, pp.36

GS(cm) GA(w+d)
0.7 4w6d
0.9 5w5d
1.0 6w0d
1.3 6w2d
1.5 6w5d
2.4 7w3d
2.8 8w2d
3.4 9w0d

11-337
 Obstetrics References

GS(HELLMAN)
Reference

Hellman LM, Kobayashi M, Fillisti L., et al. “Growth and development of the
human fetus prior to the 20th week of gestation”. American Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynecology; March 15; 1969; 789-800

GS  2.543
GA
0.702

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 0.20 cm
Max Range: 5.20 cm

GS(cm) GA(w+d)
0.20 3w6d
0.40 4w1d
0.60 4w4d
0.80 4w6d
1.00 5w1d
1.20 5w2d
1.40 5w4d
1.60 5w6d
1.80 6w1d
2.00 6w3d
2.20 6w6d
2.40 7w1d
2.60 7w2d
2.80 7w4d
3.00 7w6d
3.20 8w1d
3.40 8w4d
3.60 8w6d
3.80 9w1d
4.00 9w2d

11-338
 Obstetrics References

4.20 9w4d

11
4.40 9w6d

Safety and Regulatory Information

4.60 10w1d
4.80 10w4d
5.00 10w6d
5.20 11w1d

11-339
 Obstetrics References

GS(HOLLÄNDER)
Reference

Holländer H.J. “Die Ultraschalldiagnostik in der Schwangerschaft”

Urban & Schwarzenberger, München 1972

GA = 1.384 × GS + 4.452

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 0.80 cm
Max Range: 4.20 cm

GS(cm) GA(w+d) GS(cm) GA(w+d)

0.80 5w4d 2.60 8w0d
0.90 5w5d 2.70 8w1d
1.00 5w6d 2.80 8w2d
1.10 6w0d 2.90 8w3d
1.20 6w1d 3.00 8w4d
1.30 6w2d 3.10 8w5d
1.40 6w3d 3.20 8w6d
1.50 6w4d 3.30 9w0d
1.60 6w5d 3.40 9w1d
1.70 6w6d 3.50 9w2d
1.80 7w0d 3.60 9w3d
1.90 7w1d 3.70 9w4d
2.00 7w2d 3.80 9w5d
2.10 7w3d 3.90 9w6d
2.20 7w3d 4.00 10w0d
2.30 7w4d 4.10 10w1d
2.40 7w5d 4.20 10w2d
2.50 7w6d

11-340
 Obstetrics References

GS(REMPEN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Rempen A. “Biometrie in der Frühgravidität (I. Trimenon)” Der Frauenarzt;

32,4 /1991

Deviation: 5% - 50% = 10 days, 50% - 95% = 10 days

GS GA(w+d) GS GA(w+d) GS GA(w+d)

(cm) mean ±dev (cm) mean ±dev (cm) mean ±dev
0.20 4w6d 1w3d 2.60 7w4d 1w3d 5.00 10w5d 1w3d
0.30 5w0d 1w3d 2.70 7w5d 1w3d 5.10 10w6d 1w3d
0.40 5w1d 1w3d 2.80 7w6d 1w3d 5.20 11w0d 1w3d
0.50 5w2d 1w3d 2.90 8w0d 1w3d 5.30 11w1d 1w3d
0.60 5w2d 1w3d 3.00 8w1d 1w3d 5.40 11w2d 1w3d
0.70 5w3d 1w3d 3.10 8w2d 1w3d 5.50 11w3d 1w3d
0.80 5w4d 1w3d 3.20 8w3d 1w3d 5.60 11w4d 1w3d
0.90 5w5d 1w3d 3.30 8w3d 1w3d 5.70 11w5d 1w3d
1.00 5w5d 1w3d 3.40 8w4d 1w3d 5.80 11w6d 1w3d
1.10 5w6d 1w3d 3.50 8w5d 1w3d 5.90 12w0d 1w3d
1.20 6w0d 1w3d 3.60 8w6d 1w3d 6.00 12w1d 1w3d
1.30 6w1d 1w3d 3.70 9w0d 1w3d 6.10 12w2d 1w3d
1.40 6w2d 1w3d 3.80 9w1d 1w3d 6.20 12w3d 1w3d
1.50 6w2d 1w3d 3.90 9w2d 1w3d 6.30 12w4d 1w3d
1.60 6w3d 1w3d 4.00 9w3d 1w3d 6.40 12w5d 1w3d
1.70 6w4d 1w3d 4.10 9w4d 1w3d 6.50 12w6d 1w3d
1.80 6w5d 1w3d 4.20 9w5d 1w3d 6.60 13w0d 1w3d
1.90 6w6d 1w3d 4.30 9w6d 1w3d 6.70 13w1d 1w3d
2.00 6w6d 1w3d 4.40 9w6d 1w3d 6.80 13w2d 1w3d
2.10 7w0d 1w3d 4.50 10w0d 1w3d 6.90 13w3d 1w3d
2.20 7w1d 1w3d 4.60 10w1d 1w3d 7.00 13w4d 1w3d
2.30 7w2d 1w3d 4.70 10w2d 1w3d 7.10 13w5d 1w3d
2.40 7w3d 1w3d 4.80 10w3d 1w3d 7.20 14w0d 1w3d
2.50 7w4d 1w3d 4.90 10w4d 1w3d 7.30 14w1d 1w3d

11-341
 Obstetrics References

GS(TOKYO)
Reference

Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

GA(d/d) GA(d/d)
GS(mm) GS(mm)
mean ±1SD mean ±1SD
12 31 7 32 55 0
13 32 7 33 56 0
14 33 7 34 57 0
15 34 7 35 58 0
16 36 7 36 59 0
17 37 7 37 60 0
18 38 7 38 61 0
19 40 7 39 62 0
20 41 7 40 63 0
21 42 7 41 64 0
22 43 7 42 65 0
23 44 7 43 65 0
24 46 7 44 66 0
25 47 7 45 67 0
26 48 8 46 68 0
27 49 9 47 69 0
28 50 10 48 70 0
29 51 0 49 71 0
30 52 0 50 72 0
31 53 0

11-342
 Obstetrics References

HC(ASUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

HC GA HC GA
(cm) w ±d (cm) w ±d
05.9 11 07 25.0 27 18
07.0 12 07 26.3 28 18
08.4 13 07 26.9 29 21
09.6 14 10 27.4 30 21
10.8 15 10 28.4 31 21
12.8 16 10 28.8 32 24
14.1 17 10 30.0 33 24
15.1 18 14 30.5 34 28
16.0 19 14 31.0 35 28
17.0 20 14 31.7 36 28
17.6 21 14 32.1 37 28
18.8 22 14 32.8 38 28
21.0 23 14 33.6 39 28
22.0 24 14 34.0 40 28
23.1 25 14 34.4 41 28
23.8 26 14

11-343
 Obstetrics References

HC(CFEF)
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

HC and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; HC (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

HC GA
(mm) (week)
120.86 16
134.49 17
147.55 18
160.29 19
172.47 20
184.21 21
195.74 22
206.64 23
217.18 24
227.32 25
236.72 26
246.00 27
254.77 28
263.00 29
270.84 30
278.33 31
285.29 32
292.00 33
298.10 34
303.62 35
308.81 36
313.52 37
317.88 38
321.86 39
324.00 40

11-344
 Obstetrics References

HC(CHITTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Altmann D.G.; Chitty L.S. “New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy.”
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997

HC measured (not derived from diameters)

NOTE

HC GA(weeks+days) HC GA(weeks+days)
(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
08.50 12w1d 12w6d 13w4d 21.00 21w2d 22w6d 24w4d
09.00 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d 21.50 21w5d 23w2d 25w0d
09.50 12w6d 13w5d 14w3d 22.00 22w0d 23w5d 25w4d
10.00 13w2d 14w0d 14w6d 22.50 22w3d 24w1d 26w0d
10.50 13w4d 14w3d 15w2d 23.00 22w6d 24w4d 26w3d
11.00 14w0d 14w6d 15w6d 23.50 23w1d 25w0d 27w0d
11.50 14w3d 15w2d 16w2d 24.00 23w4d 25w3d 27w3d
12.00 14w5d 15w5d 16w5d 24.50 24w0d 25w6d 28w0d
12.50 15w1d 16w1d 17w1d 25.00 24w3d 26w3d 28w3d
13.00 15w3d 16w3d 17w4d 25.50 24w6d 26w6d 29w0d
13.50 15w6d 16w6d 18w0d 26.00 25w2d 27w3d 29w4d
14.00 16w1d 17w2d 18w3d 26.50 25w5d 27w6d 30w1d
14.50 16w4d 17w5d 18w6d 27.00 26w2d 28w3d 30w5d
15.00 17w0d 18w1d 19w2d 27.50 26w5d 29w0d 31w2d
15.50 17w2d 18w3d 19w5d 28.00 27w2d 29w4d 32w0d
16.00 17w5d 18w6d 20w1d 28.50 27w5d 30w1d 32w4d
16.50 18w0d 19w2d 20w4d 29.00 28w2d 30w5d 33w2d
17.00 18w3d 19w5d 21w0d 29.50 28w6d 31w2d 34w0d
17.50 18w5d 20w0d 21w3d 30.00 29w3d 32w0d 34w5d
18.00 19w1d 20w3d 21w6d 30.50 30w0d 32w5d 35w3d
18.50 19w3d 20w6d 22w2d 31.00 30w5d 33w3d 36w2d
19.00 19w6d 21w2d 22w6d 31.50 31w2d 34w1d 37w1d
19.50 20w1d 21w5d 23w2d 32.00 32w0d 34w6d 38w0d
20.00 20w4d 22w0d 23w5d 32.50 32w5d 35w5d 38w6d
20.50 20w6d 22w3d 24w1d

11-345
 Obstetrics References

HC(HADLOCK_82)
Reference

Hadlock F., “Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Age and Weight”

Radiologic Clinics of North America – Vol.28, No. 1, January 1990

GA = 8.8 + 0.55 × HC + 0.00028 × HC³

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 8.50 cm
Max Range: 36.00 cm

Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 1.18 weeks

HC GA HC GA
(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
08.50 13w5d 22.50 24w3d
09.00 14w0d 23.00 24w6d
09.50 14w2d 23.50 25w3d
10.00 14w4d 24.00 25w6d
10.50 15w0d 24.50 26w3d
11.00 15w2d 25.00 26w6d
11.50 15w4d 25.50 27w4d
12.00 15w6d 26.00 28w0d
12.50 16w2d 26.50 28w1d
13.00 16w4d 27.00 29w1d
13.50 17w0d 27.50 29w6d
14.00 17w2d 28.00 30w2d
14.50 17w5d 28.50 31w0d
15.00 18w1d 29.00 31w4d
15.50 18w3d 29.50 32w1d
16.00 18w6d 30.00 32w6d
16.50 19w1d 30.50 33w4d
17.00 19w4d 31.00 34w1d
17.50 20w0d 31.50 34w6d
18.00 20w3d 32.00 35w4d
18.50 20w6d 32.50 36w2d

11-346
 Obstetrics References

19.00 21w1d 33.00 37w0d

11
19.50 21w4d 33.50 37w5d

Safety and Regulatory Information

20.00 22w1d 34.00 38w4d
20.50 22w4d 34.50 39w1d
21.00 23w0d 35.00 40w0d
21.50 23w3d 35.50 40w6d
22.00 23w6d 36.00 41w4d

11-347
 Obstetrics References

HC(HADLOCK_84)
Reference

Hadlock,F.P., Deter,R.L., Harrist,R.B., Park,S.K.,” Estimating fetal age:

computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters”, Radiology
Vol. 152 No. 2, 1984, pages 497-501.

GA = 8. 96+ 0. 54 × HC + 0. 0003 × HC³

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 5.5 cm
Max Range: 35.7 cm

2SD (Standard Deviation):

GA(weeks) ± 2SD
Low High (weeks)
12 18 1.19
18 24 1.48
24 30 2.06
30 36 2.98
36 42 2.70

HC Age(weeks) HC Age(weeks) HC Age(weeks) HC Age(weeks)

(mm) mean ± 2SD (mm) mean ± 2SD (mm) mean ± 2SD (mm) mean ± 2SD
55 12.0 ±1.2 140 17.3 ±1.2 219 23.9 ±1.5 295 32.6 ±3
60 12.3 ±1.2 145 17.7 ±1.2 220 24.0 ±2.1 300 33.3 ±3
65 12.6 ±1.2 149 18.0 ±1.2 225 24.5 ±2.1 305 33.9 ±3
70 12.8 ±1.2 150 18.1 ±1.5 230 25.0 ±2.1 310 34.6 ±3
75 13.1 ±1.2 155 18.4 ±1.5 235 25.5 ±2.1 315 35.3 ±3
80 13.4 ±1.2 160 18.8 ±1.5 240 26.1 ±2.1 319 35.9 ±3
85 13.7 ±1.2 165 19.2 ±1.5 245 26.6 ±2.1 320 36.1 ±2.7
90 14.0 ±1.2 170 19.6 ±1.5 250 27.1 ±2.1 325 36.8 ±2.7
95 14.3 ±1.2 175 20.0 ±1.5 255 27.7 ±2.1 330 37.6 ±2.7
100 14.7 ±1.2 180 20.4 ±1.5 260 28.3 ±2.1 335 38.3 ±2.7
105 15.0 ±1.2 185 20.8 ±1.5 265 28.9 ±2.1 340 39.1 ±2.7
110 15.3 ±1.2 190 21.3 ±1.5 270 29.4 ±2.1 345 39.9 ±2.7
115 15.6 ±1.2 195 21.7 ±1.5 274 29.9 ±2.1 350 40.7 ±2.7

11-348
 Obstetrics References

120 16.0 ±1.2 200 22.2 ±1.5 275 30.0 ±3 355 41.6 ±2.7

11
125 16.3 ±1.2 205 22.6 ±1.5 280 30.7 ±3 360 42.4 ±2.7

Safety and Regulatory Information

130 16.6 ±1.2 210 23.1 ±1.5 285 31.3 ±3
135 17.0 ±1.2 215 23.6 ±1.5 290 31.9 ±3

11-349
 Obstetrics References

HC(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p.431.

HC GA
(cm) (weeks)
10.60 14
11.50 15
12.70 16
14.00 17
15.20 18
16.40 19
17.60 20
19.00 21
20.30 22
21.50 23
22.60 24
24.00 25
25.10 26
26.30 27
27.40 28
28.40 29
29.30 30
30.30 31
31.10 32
31.80 33
32.50 34
33.20 35
33.70 36
34.00 37
34.40 38
34.70 39
34.90 40

11-350
 Obstetrics References

HC(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J. C., Cantraine F., Tack B., Bracken M.; “A
longitudinal study of fetal head biometry” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume1; Number 2; January 1984

HC and GA Values are taken from the Fetal Growth Table and
converted to a Fetal Age Table
NOTE

HC GA
(cm) (weeks)
05.00 10
06.30 11
07.50 12
08.80 13
10.10 14
11.30 15
12.60 16
13.80 17
15.10 18
16.30 19
17.50 20
18.70 21
19.80 22
21.00 23
22.10 24
23.20 25
24.20 26
25.20 27
26.20 28
27.10 29
28.10 30
28.90 31
29.70 32
30.50 33

11-351
 Obstetrics References

31.20 34
31.90 35
32.50 36
33.00 37
33.50 38
33.90 39
34.30 40

11-352
 Obstetrics References

HC(JOHNSEN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Johnsen,S.L., Rasmussen,S., Sollien,R., Kiserud,T.,“Fetal age assessment

based on ultrasound head biometry and the effect of maternal and fetal
factors”, Acta Obstet Gynecol.Scand. Vol. 83 No. 8, 2004, pages 716-723.

10th 50th 90th 10th 50th 90th

HC HC
week week week week week week
(cm) (cm)
days days days days days days
5.0 9w5d 10w2d 10w6d 13.6 16w1d 17w0d 17w6d
5.2 10w0d 10w3d 11w0d 13.8 16w3d 17w1d 18w0d
5.4 10w1d 10w4d 11w2d 14.0 16w4d 17w2d 18w1d
5.6 10w2d 10w6d 11w3d 14.2 16w5d 17w3d 18w2d
5.8 10w3d 11w0d 11w4d 14.4 16w6d 17w4d 18w3d
6.0 10w4d 11w1d 11w5d 14.6 17w0d 17w6d 18w5d
6.2 10w5d 11w2d 11w6d 14.8 17w1d 18w0d 18w6d
6.4 10w6d 11w3d 12w0d 15.0 17w2d 18w1d 19w0d
6.6 11w0d 11w4d 12w1d 15.2 17w3d 18w2d 19w1d
6.8 11w1d 11w5d 12w2d 15.4 17w4d 18w3d 19w2d
7.0 11w2d 11w6d 12w4d 15.6 17w5d 18w4d 19w3d
7.2 11w3d 12w0d 12w5d 15.8 18w0d 18w5d 19w5d
7.4 11w4d 12w1d 12w6d 16.0 18w1d 19w0d 19w6d
7.6 11w5d 12w2d 13w0d 16.2 18w2d 19w1d 20w0d
7.8 11w6d 12w3d 13w1d 16.4 18w3d 19w2d 20w1d
8.0 12w0d 12w4d 13w2d 16.6 18w4d 19w3d 20w2d
8.2 12w1d 12w5d 13w3d 16.8 18w5d 19w4d 20w3d
8.4 12w2d 13w0d 13w4d 17.0 18w6d 19w5d 20w5d
8.6 12w3d 13w1d 13w5d 17.2 19w0d 20w0d 20w6d
8.8 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d 17.4 19w2d 20w1d 21w0d
9.0 12w5d 13w3d 14w1d 17.6 19w3d 20w2d 21w1d
9.2 12w6d 13w4d 14w2d 17.8 19w4d 20w3d 21w3d
9.4 13w0d 13w5d 14w3d 18.0 19w5d 20w4d 21w4d
9.6 13w1d 13w6d 14w4d 18.2 19w6d 20w5d 21w5d
9.8 13w2d 14w0d 14w5d 18.4 20w0d 21w0d 21w6d
10.0 13w3d 14w1d 14w6d 18.6 20w2d 21w1d 22w0d

11-353
 Obstetrics References

10.2 13w4d 14w2d 15w0d 18.8 20w3d 21w2d 22w2d

10.4 13w5d 14w3d 15w2d 19.0 20w4d 21w3d 22w3d
10.6 13w6d 14w4d 15w3d 19.2 20w5d 21w4d 22w4d
10.8 14w1d 14w6d 15w4d 19.4 20w6d 21w6d 22w5d
11.0 14w2d 15w0d 15w5d 19.6 21w0d 22w0d 23w0d
11.2 14w3d 15w1d 15w6d 19.8 21w2d 22w1d 23w1d
11.4 14w4d 15w2d 16w0d 20.0 21w3d 22w2d 23w2d
11.6 14w5d 15w3d 16w1d 20.2 21w4d 22w3d 23w3d
11.8 14w6d 15w4d 16w2d 20.4 21w5d 22w5d 23w4d
12.0 15w0d 15w5d 16w4d 20.6 21w6d 22w6d 23w6d
12.2 15w1d 15w6d 16w5d 20.8 22w1d 23w0d 24w0d
12.4 15w2d 16w0d 16w6d 21.0 22w2d 23w1d 24w1d
12.6 15w3d 16w1d 17w0d 21.2 22w3d 23w3d 24w3d
12.8 15w4d 16w3d 17w1d 21.4 22w4d 23w4d 24w4d
13.0 15w5d 16w4d 17w2d 21.6 22w5d 23w5d 24w5d
13.2 15w6d 16w5d 17w3d 21.8 23w0d 23w6d 24w6d
13.4 16w0d 16w6d 17w5d 22.0 23w1d 24w1d 25w1d

11-354
 Obstetrics References

HC(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

HC GA HC GA HC GA HC GA HC GA HC GA HC GA HC GA

(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)

7.2 12w0d 10.7 14w4d 14.2 17w1d 17.7 19w6d 21.2 23w0d 24.7 26w3d 28.2 30w2d 31.7 35w3d

7.3 12w1d 10.8 14w4d 14.3 17w2d 17.8 20w0d 21.3 23w0d 24.8 26w4d 28.3 30w2d 31.8 35w5d

7.4 12w1d 10.9 14w5d 14.4 17w3d 17.9 20w1d 21.4 23w1d 24.9 26w4d 28.4 30w3d 31.9 35w6d

7.5 12w1d 11.0 14w5d 14.5 17w3d 18.0 20w1d 21.5 23w2d 25.0 26w5d 28.5 30w4d 32.0 36w1d

7.6 12w2d 11.1 14w6d 14.6 17w4d 18.1 20w2d 21.6 23w2d 25.1 26w6d 28.6 30w5d 32.1 36w2d

7.7 12w2d 11.2 14w6d 14.7 17w4d 18.2 20w2d 21.7 23w3d 25.2 26w6d 28.7 30w6d 32.2 36w4d

7.8 12w3d 11.3 15w0d 14.8 17w5d 18.3 20w3d 21.8 23w4d 25.3 27w0d 28.8 31w0d 32.3 36w5d

7.9 12w3d 11.4 15w0d 14.9 17w5d 18.4 20w3d 21.9 23w4d 25.4 27w1d 28.9 31w1d 32.4 37w0d

8.0 12w4d 11.5 15w1d 15.0 17w6d 18.5 20w4d 22.0 23w5d 25.5 27w2d 29.0 31w1d 32.5 37w1d

8.1 12w4d 11.6 15w2d 15.1 17w6d 18.6 20w5d 22.1 23w6d 25.6 27w2d 29.1 31w2d 32.6 37w3d

8.2 12w5d 11.7 15w2d 15.2 18w0d 18.7 20w5d 22.2 23w6d 25.7 27w3d 29.2 31w3d 32.7 37w5d

8.3 12w5d 11.8 15w3d 15.3 18w0d 18.8 20w6d 22.3 24w0d 25.8 27w4d 29.3 31w4d 32.8 38w0d

8.4 12w5d 11.9 15w3d 15.4 18w1d 18.9 20w6d 22.4 24w1d 25.9 27w5d 29.4 31w5d 32.9 38w1d

8.5 12w6d 12.0 15w4d 15.5 18w1d 19.0 21w0d 22.5 24w1d 26.0 27w5d 29.5 31w6d 33.0 38w3d

8.6 12w6d 12.1 15w4d 15.6 18w2d 19.1 21w1d 22.6 24w2d 26.1 27w6d 29.6 32w0d 33.1 38w5d

8.7 13w0d 12.2 15w5d 15.7 18w2d 19.2 21w1d 22.7 24w3d 26.2 28w0d 29.7 32w1d 33.2 39w0d

8.8 13w0d 12.3 15w5d 15.8 18w3d 19.3 21w2d 22.8 24w3d 26.3 28w1d 29.8 32w2d 33.3 39w2d

8.9 13w1d 12.4 15w6d 15.9 18w4d 19.4 21w2d 22.9 24w4d 26.4 28w1d 29.9 32w3d 33.4 39w4d

9.0 13w1d 12.5 15w6d 16.0 18w4d 19.5 21w3d 23.0 24w5d 26.5 28w2d 30.0 32w4d 33.5 39w6d

9.1 13w2d 12.6 16w0d 16.1 18w5d 19.6 21w4d 23.1 24w5d 26.6 28w3d 30.1 32w5d 33.6 40w1d

9.2 13w2d 12.7 16w0d 16.2 18w5d 19.7 21w4d 23.2 24w6d 26.7 28w4d 30.2 32w6d 33.7 40w4d

9.3 13w3d 12.8 16w1d 16.3 18w6d 19.8 21w5d 23.3 25w0d 26.8 28w4d 30.3 33w0d 33.8 40w6d

9.4 13w4d 12.9 16w2d 16.4 18w6d 19.9 21w5d 23.4 25w1d 26.9 28w5d 30.4 33w1d

9.5 13w4d 13.0 16w2d 16.5 19w0d 20.0 21w6d 23.5 25w1d 27.0 28w6d 30.5 33w2d

9.6 13w5d 13.1 16w3d 16.6 19w0d 20.1 22w0d 23.6 25w2d 27.1 29w0d 30.6 33w3d

9.7 13w5d 13.2 16w3d 16.7 19w1d 20.2 22w0d 23.7 25w3d 27.2 29w0d 30.7 33w5d

9.8 13w6d 13.3 16w4d 16.8 19w1d 20.3 22w1d 23.8 25w3d 27.3 29w1d 30.8 33w6d

9.9 13w6d 13.4 16w4d 16.9 19w2d 20.4 22w2d 23.9 25w4d 27.4 29w2d 30.9 34w0d

10.0 14w0d 13.5 16w5d 17.0 19w2d 20.5 22w2d 24.0 25w5d 27.5 29w3d 31.0 34w1d

10.1 14w0d 13.6 16w5d 17.1 19w3d 20.6 22w3d 24.1 25w6d 27.6 29w4d 31.1 34w2d

11-355
 Obstetrics References

10.2 14w1d 13.7 16w6d 17.2 19w4d 20.7 22w3d 24.2 25w6d 27.7 29w4d 31.2 34w4d

10.3 14w1d 13.8 16w6d 17.3 19w4d 20.8 22w4d 24.3 26w0d 27.8 29w5d 31.3 34w5d

10.4 14w2d 13.9 17w0d 17.4 19w5d 20.9 22w5d 24.4 26w1d 27.9 29w6d 31.4 34w6d

10.5 14w3d 14.0 17w0d 17.5 19w5d 21.0 22w5d 24.5 26w1d 28.0 30w0d 31.5 35w0d

10.6 14w3d 14.1 17w1d 17.6 19w6d 21.1 22w6d 24.6 26w2d 28.1 30w1d 31.6 35w2d

11-356
 Obstetrics References

HC(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

E. Merz, W. Goldhofer, E. Timor-Tritsch "Ultrasound in Gynecology and

Obstetrics” Text book and Atlas, 1991 Georg Thieme Verlag, pp. 326

HC GA(weeks+days) HC GA(weeks+days) HC GA(weeks+days) HC GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%

7.20 11w0d 12w1d 13w1d 14.60 15w6d 17w2d 18w5d 22.00 21w4d 23w2d 25w0d 29.40 28w6d 30w5d 32w4d

7.40 11w1d 12w2d 13w4d 14.80 16w0d 17w4d 19w0d 22.20 21w6d 23w4d 25w1d 29.60 29w0d 30w6d 32w6d

7.60 11w1d 12w3d 13w4d 15.00 16w1d 17w4d 19w1d 22.40 21w6d 23w4d 25w2d 29.80 29w1d 31w1d 33w0d

7.80 11w2d 12w4d 13w5d 15.20 16w2d 17w6d 19w2d 22.60 22w1d 23w6d 25w4d 30.00 29w3d 31w3d 33w3d

8.00 11w4d 12w5d 13w6d 15.40 16w3d 17w6d 19w3d 22.80 22w1d 24w0d 25w6d 30.20 29w4d 31w4d 33w4d

8.20 11w4d 12w6d 14w0d 15.60 16w4d 18w1d 19w4d 23.00 22w3d 24w1d 26w0d 30.40 29w6d 31w6d 33w6d

8.40 11w5d 12w6d 14w1d 15.80 16w5d 18w1d 19w5d 23.20 22w4d 24w3d 26w1d 30.60 30w1d 32w1d 34w1d

8.60 11w6d 13w1d 14w2d 16.00 16w6d 18w3d 19w6d 23.40 22w5d 24w4d 26w2d 30.80 30w2d 32w2d 34w2d

8.80 12w0d 13w1d 14w3d 16.20 17w0d 18w4d 20w0d 23.60 22w6d 24w5d 26w4d 31.00 30w4d 32w4d 34w4d

9.00 12w1d 13w2d 14w4d 16.40 17w1d 18w5d 20w1d 23.80 23w1d 24w6d 26w5d 31.20 30w6d 32w6d 34w6d

9.20 12w2d 13w4d 14w5d 16.60 17w2d 18w6d 20w2d 24.00 23w2d 25w1d 26w6d 31.40 31w1d 33w1d 35w1d

9.40 12w3d 13w4d 14w6d 16.80 17w4d 19w0d 20w4d 24.20 23w4d 25w2d 27w1d 31.60 31w3d 33w3d 35w3d

9.60 12w4d 13w5d 14w6d 17.00 17w4d 19w1d 20w4d 24.40 23w5d 25w4d 27w2d 31.80 31w4d 33w4d 35w4d

9.80 12w5d 13w6d 15w1d 17.20 17w6d 19w2d 20w6d 24.60 23w6d 25w5d 27w4d 32.00 31w6d 33w6d 36w0d

10.00 12w6d 14w0d 15w1d 17.40 17w6d 19w3d 20w6d 24.80 24w1d 25w6d 27w5d 32.20 32w0d 34w1d 36w1d

10.20 12w6d 14w1d 15w4d 17.60 18w0d 19w4d 21w1d 25.00 24w1d 26w0d 27w6d 32.40 32w2d 34w3d 36w4d

10.40 13w0d 14w2d 15w4d 17.80 18w1d 19w6d 21w3d 25.20 24w3d 26w1d 28w0d 32.60 32w4d 34w5d 36w6d

10.60 13w1d 14w3d 15w5d 18.00 18w2d 19w6d 21w4d 25.40 24w4d 26w3d 28w1d 32.80 32w6d 34w6d 37w0d

10.80 13w2d 14w4d 15w6d 18.20 18w4d 20w1d 21w5d 25.60 24w6d 26w4d 28w3d 33.00 33w1d 35w1d 37w2d

11.00 13w3d 14w5d 16w0d 18.40 18w4d 20w1d 21w6d 25.80 25w0d 26w6d 28w4d 33.20 33w2d 35w4d 37w5d

11.20 13w4d 14w6d 16w1d 18.60 18w6d 20w3d 22w0d 26.00 25w1d 27w0d 28w6d 33.40 33w4d 35w6d 38w0d

11.40 13w5d 15w0d 16w2d 18.80 19w0d 20w4d 22w1d 26.20 25w3d 27w1d 29w0d 33.60 33w6d 36w1d 38w2d

11.60 13w6d 15w1d 16w3d 19.00 19w1d 20w5d 22w2d 26.40 25w4d 27w3d 29w1d 33.80 34w1d 36w3d 38w4d

11.80 14w0d 15w2d 16w4d 19.20 19w2d 20w6d 22w4d 26.60 25w6d 27w4d 29w3d 34.00 34w3d 36w4d 38w6d

12.00 14w1d 15w3d 16w5d 19.40 19w4d 21w1d 22w5d 26.80 26w0d 27w6d 29w4d 34.20 34w5d 36w6d 39w1d

12.20 14w1d 15w4d 17w0d 19.60 19w4d 21w1d 22w6d 27.00 26w1d 28w1d 30w0d 34.40 35w0d 37w1d 39w3d

12.40 14w2d 15w5d 17w1d 19.80 19w5d 21w3d 23w0d 27.20 26w3d 28w2d 30w1d 34.60 35w2d 37w4d 39w5d

12.60 14w3d 15w6d 17w1d 20.00 19w6d 21w4d 23w2d 27.40 26w4d 28w4d 30w3d 34.80 35w4d 37w6d 40w1d

12.80 14w4d 16w0d 17w3d 20.20 20w0d 21w5d 23w3d 27.60 26w6d 28w5d 30w4d 35.00 35w6d 38w1d 40w4d

13.00 14w5d 16w1d 17w4d 20.40 20w1d 21w6d 23w4d 27.80 27w0d 28w6d 30w6d 35.20 36w1d 38w4d 40w6d

13.20 14w6d 16w2d 17w5d 20.60 20w3d 22w1d 23w6d 28.00 27w1d 29w1d 31w0d 35.40 36w4d 38w6d 41w1d

11-357
 Obstetrics References

13.40 15w0d 16w3d 17w6d 20.80 20w4d 22w1d 23w6d 28.20 27w3d 29w2d 31w1d 35.60 36w6d 39w1d 41w3d

13.60 15w1d 16w4d 18w0d 21.00 20w5d 22w3d 24w1d 28.40 27w5d 29w4d 31w4d 35.80 37w1d 39w4d 41w6d

13.80 15w2d 16w5d 18w1d 21.20 20w6d 22w4d 24w2d 28.60 27w6d 29w6d 31w5d 36.00 37w4d 39w6d 42w1d

14.00 15w4d 16w6d 18w2d 21.40 21w0d 22w5d 24w3d 28.80 28w1d 30w0d 31w6d 36.20 37w6d 40w1d 42w3d

14.20 15w4d 17w0d 18w3d 21.60 21w1d 22w6d 24w4d 29.00 28w2d 30w1d 32w1d 36.40 38w1d 40w4d 42w6d

14.40 15w6d 17w1d 18w4d 21.80 21w3d 23w1d 24w6d 29.20 28w4d 30w4d 32w3d

11-358
 Obstetrics References

HC(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

HC and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; HC (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

HC
GA
(cm)
(weeks)
Median
11.00 14
12.00 15
13.00 16
14.10 17
15.20 18
16.30 19
17.50 20
18.70 21
19.80 22
21.00 23
22.20 24
23.40 25
24.50 26
25.60 27
26.70 28
27.70 29
28.70 30
29.60 31
30.40 32
31.10 33
31.70 34
32.30 35
32.70 36
33.00 37
33.20 38
33.30 39

11-359
 Obstetrics References

HC(derived)
Reference

Altmann D.G.; Chitty L.S. “New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy.”
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997
HC GA (weeks BPD GA (weeks
+ days) + days)
(mm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
80 11w3d 12w4d 13w5d 220 22w4d 24w0d 25w5d
85 11w6d 12w6d 14w1d 225 22w6d 24w3d 26w1d
90 12w2d 13w2d 14w4d 230 23w2d 24w6d 26w5d
95 12w4d 13w5d 15w0d 235 23w5d 25w3d 27w1d
100 13w0d 14w1d 15w3d 240 24w1d 25w6d 27w5d
105 13w3d 14w4d 15w5d 245 24w3d 26w2d 28w2d
110 13w6d 15w0d 16w1d 250 24w6d 26w5d 28w6d
115 14w2d 15w3d 16w4d 255 25w2d 27w2d 29w3d
120 14w5d 15w6d 17w0d 260 25w5d 27w5d 30w0d
125 15w1d 16w2d 17w3d 265 26w1d 28w2d 30w4d
130 15w4d 16w4d 17w6d 270 26w4d 28w6d 31w2d
135 15w6d 17w0d 18w2d 275 27w0d 29w3d 32w0d
140 16w2d 17w3d 18w5d 280 27w3d 30w0d 32w4d
145 16w5d 17w6d 19w1d 285 27w6d 30w4d 33w3d
150 17w1d 18w2d 19w3d 290 28w3d 31w1d 34w1d
155 17w4d 18w5d 19w6d 295 28w6d 31w5d 35w0d
160 17w6d 19w1d 20w2d 300 29w3d 32w3d 35w6d
165 18w2d 19w3d 20w5d 305 30w0d 33w1d 36w5d
170 18w5d 19w6d 21w1d 310 30w3d 33w6d 37w4d
175 19w1d 20w2d 21w4d 315 31w0d 34w4d 38w4d
180 19w3d 20w5d 22w0d 320 31w5d 35w3d 39w4d
185 19w6d 21w1d 22w3d
190 20w2d 21w4d 22w6d
195 20w4d 22w0d 23w2d
200 21w0d 22w2d 23w5d
205 21w3d 22w5d 24w2d
210 21w5d 23w1d 24w5d
215 22w1d 23w4d 25w1d

11-360
 Obstetrics References

HC(Kiserud)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

HC GA HC GA HC GA
(weeks (weeks + (weeks
+ days) days) + days)
(mm) 10% 50% 90% (mm) 10% 50% 90% (mm) 10% 50% 90%
50 9w5d 10w2d 10w6d 108 14w1d 14w6d 15w4d 166 18w4d 19w3d 20w2d
52 10w0d 10w3d 11w0d 110 14w2d 15w0d 15w5d 168 18w5d 19w4d 20w3d
54 10w1d 10w4d 11w2d 112 14w3d 15w1d 15w6d 170 18w6d 19w5d 20w5d
56 10w2d 10w6d 11w3d 114 14w4d 15w2d 16w0d 172 19w0d 20w0d 20w6d
58 10w3d 11w0d 11w4d 116 14w5d 15w3d 16w1d 174 19w2d 20w1d 21w0d
60 10w4d 11w1d 11w5d 118 14w6d 15w4d 16w2d 176 19w3d 20w2d 21w1d
62 10w5d 11w2d 11w6d 120 15w0d 15w5d 16w4d 178 19w4d 20w3d 21w3d
64 10w6d 11w3d 12w0d 122 15w1d 15w6d 16w5d 180 19w5d 20w4d 21w4d
66 11w0d 11w4d 12w1d 124 15w2d 16w0d 16w6d 182 19w6d 20w5d 21w5d
68 11w1d 11w5d 12w2d 126 15w3d 16w1d 17w0d 184 20w0d 21w0d 21w6d
70 11w2d 11w6d 12w4d 128 15w4d 16w3d 17w1d 186 20w2d 21w1d 22w0d
72 11w3d 12w0d 12w5d 130 15w5d 16w4d 17w2d 188 20w3d 21w2d 22w2d
74 11w4d 12w1d 12w6d 132 15w6d 16w5d 17w3d 190 20w4d 21w3d 22w3d
76 11w5d 12w2d 13w0d 134 16w0d 16w6d 17w5d 192 20w5d 21w4d 22w4d
78 11w6d 12w3d 13w1d 136 16w1d 17w0d 17w6d 194 20w6d 21w6d 22w5d
80 12w0d 12w4d 13w2d 138 16w3d 17w1d 18w0d 196 21w0d 22w0d 23w0d
82 12w1d 12w5d 13w3d 140 16w4d 17w2d 18w1d 198 21w2d 22w1d 23w1d
84 12w2d 13w0d 13w4d 142 16w5d 17w3d 18w2d 200 21w3d 22w2d 23w2d
86 12w3d 13w1d 13w5d 144 16w6d 17w4d 18w3d 202 21w4d 22w3d 23w3d
88 12w4d 13w2d 14w0d 146 17w0d 17w6d 18w5d 204 21w5d 22w5d 23w4d
90 12w5d 13w3d 14w1d 148 17w1d 18w0d 18w6d 206 21w6d 22w6d 23w6d
92 12w6d 13w4d 14w2d 150 17w2d 18w1d 19w0d 208 22w1d 23w0d 24w0d
94 13w0d 13w5d 14w3d 152 17w3d 18w2d 19w1d 210 22w2d 23w1d 24w1d
96 13w1d 13w6d 14w4d 154 17w4d 18w3d 19w2d 212 22w3d 23w3d 24w3d
98 13w2d 14w0d 14w5d 156 17w5d 18w4d 19w3d 214 22w4d 23w4d 24w4d
100 13w3d 14w1d 14w6d 158 18w0d 18w5d 19w5d 216 22w5d 23w5d 24w5d
102 13w4d 14w2d 15w0d 160 18w1d 19w0d 19w6d 218 23w0d 23w6d 24w6d
104 13w5d 14w3d 15w2d 162 18w2d 19w1d 20w0d 220 23w1d 24w1d 25w1d
106 13w6d 14w4d 15w3d 164 18w3d 19w2d 20w1d

11-361
 Obstetrics References

HL(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA GA
HL(cm) HL(cm)
w ±d w ±d
0.8 11 07 4.7 27 14
0.9 12 07 5.0 28 18
1.1 13 07 5.1 29 18
1.4 14 07 5.2 30 21
1.7 15 07 5.4 31 21
2.1 16 07 5.6 32 21
2.5 17 10 5.7 33 21
2.7 18 10 5.9 34 21
2.9 19 14 6.0 35 21
3.1 20 14 6.2 36 21
3.2 21 14 6.3 37 28
3.5 22 14 6.4 38 28
3.8 23 14 6.5 39 28
4.0 24 14 6.6 40 28
4.3 25 14 6.8 41 28
4.4 26 14

11-362
 Obstetrics References

HL(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Rodesch F., Delbeke D., Dumont J., “Estimation of Gestational Age
from Measurements of Fetal Long Bones.” J Ultrasound Med 3:75-79, 1984

HL GA (weeks + days) HL GA (weeks + days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 9w6d 12w4d 15w2d 4.00 21w4d 24w2d 27w1d
1.10 10w1d 12w6d 15w4d 4.10 22w0d 24w6d 27w4d
1.20 10w3d 13w1d 15w6d 4.20 22w4d 25w2d 28w0d
1.30 10w6d 13w4d 16w1d 4.30 23w0d 25w5d 28w4d
1.40 11w1d 13w6d 16w4d 4.40 23w4d 26w1d 29w0d
1.50 11w3d 14w1d 16w6d 4.50 24w0d 26w5d 29w4d
1.60 11w6d 14w4d 17w2d 4.60 24w4d 27w1d 30w0d
1.70 12w1d 14w6d 17w4d 4.70 25w0d 27w5d 30w4d
1.80 12w4d 15w1d 18w0d 4.80 25w4d 28w1d 31w0d
1.90 12w6d 15w4d 18w2d 4.90 26w0d 28w6d 31w4d
2.00 13w1d 15w6d 18w5d 5.00 26w4d 29w2d 32w0d
2.10 13w4d 16w2d 19w1d 5.10 27w1d 29w6d 32w4d
2.20 13w6d 16w5d 19w3d 5.20 27w4d 30w2d 33w1d
2.30 14w2d 17w1d 19w6d 5.30 28w1d 30w6d 33w4d
2.40 14w5d 17w3d 20w1d 5.40 28w5d 31w3d 34w1d
2.50 15w1d 17w6d 20w4d 5.50 29w1d 32w0d 34w5d
2.60 15w4d 18w1d 21w0d 5.60 29w6d 32w4d 35w2d
2.70 15w6d 18w4d 21w3d 5.70 30w2d 33w1d 35w6d
2.80 16w2d 19w0d 21w6d 5.80 30w6d 33w4d 36w3d
2.90 16w5d 19w3d 22w1d 5.90 31w3d 34w1d 36w6d
3.00 17w1d 19w6d 22w4d 6.00 32w0d 34w6d 37w4d
3.10 17w4d 20w2d 23w0d 6.10 32w4d 35w2d 38w1d
3.20 18w0d 20w5d 23w4d 6.20 33w1d 35w6d 38w5d
3.30 18w3d 21w1d 23w6d 6.30 33w6d 36w4d 39w2d
3.40 18w6d 21w4d 24w2d 6.40 34w3d 37w1d 39w6d
3.50 19w2d 22w0d 24w6d 6.50 35w0d 37w5d 40w4d
3.60 19w5d 22w4d 25w1d 6.60 35w4d 38w2d 41w1d
3.70 20w1d 22w6d 25w5d 6.70 36w1d 38w6d 41w5d
3.80 20w4d 23w3d 26w1d 6.80 36w6d 39w4d 42w2d
3.90 21w1d 23w6d 26w4d 6.90 37w3d 40w1d 42w6d

11-363
 Obstetrics References

HL(MERZ)
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

HL and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; HL (50%

values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

HL (cm) GA HL (cm) GA
50% (weeks) 50% (weeks)
0.80 12.5 4.70 27.5
1.00 13.0 4.80 28.0
1.20 13.5 4.90 28.5
1.30 14.0 5.00 29.0
1.50 14.5 5.10 29.5
1.70 15.0 5.20 30.0
1.80 15.5 5.30 30.5
2.00 16.0 5.40 31.0
2.10 16.5 5.50 31.5
2.30 17.0 5.50 32.0
2.40 17.5 5.60 32.5
2.60 18.0 5.70 33.0
2.70 18.5 5.80 33.5
2.80 19.0 5.90 34.0
3.00 19.5 5.90 34.5
3.10 20.0 6.00 35.0
3.20 20.5 6.10 35.5
3.30 21.0 6.10 36.0
3.50 21.5 6.20 36.5
3.60 22.0 6.30 37.0
3.70 22.5 6.30 37.5
3.80 23.0 6.40 38.0
3.90 23.5 6.40 38.5
4.00 24.0 6.50 39.0

11-364
 Obstetrics References

4.10 24.5 6.50 39.5

11
4.20 25.0 6.60 40.0

Safety and Regulatory Information

4.30 25.5 6.60 40.5
4.50 26.0 6.60 41.0
4.60 26.5 6.70 41.5
4.70 27.0

11-365
 Obstetrics References

HL(OSAKA)
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

HL GA HL GA HL GA HL GA HL GA
(cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d) (cm) (w+d)
1.01 13w0d 2.52 18w3d 3.79 23w6d 4.83 29w2d 5.62 34w5d
1.05 13w1d 2.56 18w4d 3.82 24w0d 4.85 29w3d 5.64 34w6d
1.09 13w2d 2.59 18w5d 3.85 24w1d 4.87 29w4d 5.65 35w0d
1.14 13w3d 2.63 18w6d 3.88 24w2d 4.90 29w5d 5.67 35w1d
1.18 13w4d 2.67 19w0d 3.91 24w3d 4.92 29w6d 5.69 35w2d
1.22 13w5d 2.70 19w1d 3.94 24w4d 4.94 30w0d 5.71 35w3d
1.26 13w6d 2.74 19w2d 3.97 24w5d 4.97 30w1d 5.72 35w4d
1.31 14w0d 2.77 19w3d 4.00 24w6d 4.99 30w2d 5.74 35w5d
1.35 14w1d 2.81 19w4d 4.03 25w0d 5.01 30w3d 5.76 35w6d
1.39 14w2d 2.84 19w5d 4.06 25w1d 5.04 30w4d 5.77 36w0d
1.43 14w3d 2.88 19w6d 4.09 25w2d 5.06 30w5d 5.79 36w1d
1.47 14w4d 2.91 20w0d 4.12 25w3d 5.08 30w6d 5.80 36w2d
1.51 14w5d 2.95 20w1d 4.14 25w4d 5.10 31w0d 5.82 36w3d
1.55 14w6d 2.98 20w2d 4.17 25w5d 5.12 31w1d 5.84 36w4d
1.59 15w0d 3.02 20w3d 4.20 25w6d 5.15 31w2d 5.85 36w5d
1.63 15w1d 3.05 20w4d 4.23 26w0d 5.17 31w3d 5.87 36w6d
1.67 15w2d 3.09 20w5d 4.26 26w1d 5.19 31w4d 5.88 37w0d
1.71 15w3d 3.12 20w6d 4.28 26w2d 5.21 31w5d 5.90 37w1d
1.75 15w4d 3.15 21w0d 4.31 26w3d 5.23 31w6d 5.91 37w2d
1.79 15w5d 3.19 21w1d 4.34 26w4d 5.25 32w0d 5.93 37w3d
1.83 15w6d 3.22 21w2d 4.37 26w5d 5.27 32w1d 5.94 37w4d
1.87 16w0d 3.25 21w3d 4.39 26w6d 5.29 32w2d 5.95 37w5d
1.91 16w1d 3.29 21w4d 4.42 27w0d 5.31 32w3d 5.97 37w6d
1.95 16w2d 3.32 21w5d 4.45 27w1d 5.33 32w4d 5.98 38w0d
1.99 16w3d 3.35 21w6d 4.47 27w2d 5.35 32w5d 6.00 38w1d
2.03 16w4d 3.38 22w0d 4.50 27w3d 5.37 32w6d 6.01 38w2d
2.07 16w5d 3.42 22w1d 4.53 27w4d 5.39 33w0d 6.02 38w3d
2.11 16w6d 3.45 22w2d 4.55 27w5d 5.41 33w1d 6.04 38w4d
2.15 17w0d 3.48 22w3d 4.58 27w6d 5.43 33w2d 6.05 38w5d

11-366
 Obstetrics References

2.18 17w1d 3.51 22w4d 4.60 28w0d 5.45 33w3d 6.06 38w6d

11
2.22 17w2d 3.54 22w5d 4.63 28w1d 5.47 33w4d 6.08 39w0d

Safety and Regulatory Information

2.26 17w3d 3.58 22w6d 4.65 28w2d 5.49 33w5d 6.09 39w1d
2.3 17w4d 3.61 23w0d 4.68 28w3d 5.51 33w6d 6.10 39w2d
2.34 17w5d 3.64 23w1d 4.70 28w4d 5.53 34w0d 6.11 39w3d
2.37 17w6d 3.67 23w2d 4.73 28w5d 5.55 34w1d 6.13 39w4d
2.41 18w0d 3.70 23w3d 4.75 28w6d 5.57 34w2d 6.14 39w5d
2.45 18w1d 3.73 23w4d 4.78 29w0d 5.58 34w3d 6.15 39w6d
2.48 18w2d 3.76 23w5d 4.80 29w1d 5.60 34w4d 6.16 40w0d

11-367
 Obstetrics References

MAD(EIK-NES)
Reference

Eik-Nes SH, Jorgensen NP, Grottum P, Lokvik B “Normal range curves for the
intrauterine growth of the fetal abdominal diameters” Submitted JCU

TAD APAD
MAD
2

If both distance measurements (TAD and APAD) are performed,

the MAD is calculated.
NOTE

MAD(cm) GA(w+d) MAD(cm) GA(w+d) MAD(cm) GA(w+d)

3.60 16w0d 6.10 24w5d 8.60 31w5d
3.70 16w3d 6.20 25w0d 8.70 32w0d
3.80 16w6d 6.30 25w2d 8.80 32w2d
3.90 17w3d 6.40 25w4d 8.90 32w4d
4.00 17w6d 6.50 25w6d 9.00 32w6d
4.10 18w2d 6.60 26w1d 9.10 33w1d
4.20 18w4d 6.70 26w3d 9.20 33w4d
4.30 19w0d 6.80 26w5d 9.30 33w6d
4.40 19w3d 6.90 27w0d 9.40 34w1d
4.50 19w5d 7.00 27w2d 9.50 34w3d
4.60 20w1d 7.10 27w3d 9.60 34w6d
4.70 20w3d 7.20 27w5d 9.70 35w1d
4.80 20w5d 7.30 28w0d 9.80 35w3d
4.90 21w1d 7.40 28w2d 9.90 35w6d
5.00 21w3d 7.50 28w4d 10.00 36w1d
5.10 21w5d 7.60 28w6d 10.10 36w4d
5.20 22w0d 7.70 29w1d 10.20 37w0d
5.30 22w2d 7.80 29w3d 10.30 37w3d
5.40 22w5d 7.90 29w5d 10.40 37w6d
5.50 23w0d 8.00 30w0d 10.50 38w2d
5.60 23w2d 8.10 30w2d 10.60 38w5d
5.70 23w4d 8.20 30w4d 10.70 39w1d
5.80 23w6d 8.30 30w6d 10.80 39w5d
5.90 24w1d 8.40 31w1d
6.00 24w3d 8.50 31w3d

11-368
 Obstetrics References

MAD(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

MAD(cm) GA(w+d) MAD(cm) GA(w+d) MAD(cm) GA(w+d)

1.8 12w0d 5.4 22w0d 9.0 33w1d
1.9 12w2d 5.5 22w2d 9.1 33w4d
2.0 12w4d 5.6 22w4d 9.2 33w6d
2.1 12w5d 5.7 22w6d 9.3 34w2d
2.2 13w0d 5.8 23w1d 9.4 34w4d
2.3 13w2d 5.9 23w3d 9.5 35w0d
2.4 13w4d 6.0 23w5d 9.6 35w2d
2.5 13w6d 6.1 24w0d 9.7 35w5d
2.6 14w1d 6.2 24w2d 9.8 36w0d
2.7 14w3d 6.3 24w4d 9.9 36w3d
2.8 14w5d 6.4 25w0d 10.0 36w5d
2.9 15w0d 6.5 25w2d 10.1 37w1d
3.0 15w1d 6.6 25w4d 10.2 37w3d
3.1 15w3d 6.7 25w6d 10.3 37w6d
3.2 15w5d 6.8 26w1d 10.4 38w2d
3.3 16w0d 6.9 26w3d 10.5 38w4d
3.4 16w2d 7.0 26w5d 10.6 39w0d
3.5 16w4d 7.1 27w0d 10.7 39w3d
3.6 16w6d 7.2 27w3d 10.8 39w6d
3.7 17w1d 7.3 27w5d 10.9 40w1d
3.8 17w3d 7.4 28w0d 11.0 40w4d
3.9 17w5d 7.5 28w2d 11.1 41w0d
4.0 18w0d 7.6 28w4d 11.2 41w3d
4.1 18w2d 7.7 29w0d 11.3 41w6d
4.2 18w4d 7.8 29w2d
4.3 18w6d 7.9 29w4d
4.4 19w1d 8.0 29w6d
4.5 19w3d 8.1 30w2d

11-369
 Obstetrics References

4.6 19w5d 8.2 30w4d

4.7 20w0d 8.3 30w6d
4.8 20w2d 8.4 31w1d
4.9 20w4d 8.5 31w4d
5.0 20w6d 8.6 31w6d
5.1 21w1d 8.7 32w1d
5.2 21w3d 8.8 32w4d
5.3 21w5d 8.9 32w6d

11-370
 Obstetrics References

MAD (EIK-NES 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no
MAD(mm) GA MAD(mm) GA
w d w d
25 14 1 43 19 0
26 14 3 44 19 1
27 14 5 45 19 3
28 15 0 46 19 4
29 15 2 47 19 6
30 15 4 48 20 1
31 15 6 49 20 3
32 16 1 50 20 5
33 16 4 51 21 0
34 16 5 52 21 3
35 17 1 53 21 5
36 17 2 54 22 0
37 17 4 55 22 3
38 17 6 56 22 5
39 18 1 57 23 1
40 18 2 58 23 3
41 18 4 59 23 5
42 18 5 60 24 0

11-371
 Obstetrics References

OFD(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA GA
OFD(cm) OFD(cm)
w ±d w ±d
2.1 11 5 08.6 27 10
2.4 12 5 09.5 28 10
2.9 13 5 09.7 29 10
3.4 14 5 09.8 30 14
3.8 15 5 10.1 31 14
4.6 16 5 10.2 32 14
5.0 17 5 10.7 33 14
5.4 18 7 10.8 34 18
5.7 19 7 10.9 35 18
6.1 20 7 11.2 36 21
6.3 21 7 11.3 37 21
6.8 22 7 11.6 38 21
7.6 23 7 11.9 39 21
7.9 24 10 12.0 40 21
8.2 25 10 12.2 41 21
8.4 26 10

11-372
 Obstetrics References

OFD(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p. 431

OFD(cm) GA(weeks)
3.10 14
3.80 15
4.10 16
4.60 17
5.00 18
5.40 19
5.80 20
6.30 21
6.70 22
7.20 23
7.60 24
8.00 25
8.40 26
8.80 27
9.10 28
9.50 29
9.80 30
10.00 31
10.30 32
10.50 33
10.70 34
10.90 35
11.10 36
11.20 37
11.30 38
11.40 39
11.50 40

11-373
 Obstetrics References

OFD(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Bracken M., Cantraine F “A
longitudinal study of fetal head biometry” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume 1; Number 2; January 1984

OFD(cm) GA(weeks) OFD(cm) GA(weeks)

1.40 10 08.00 26
1.80 11 08.30 27
2.30 12 08.70 28
2.70 13 09.00 29
3.10 14 09.30 30
3.60 15 09.60 31
4.00 16 09.90 32
4.40 17 10.20 33
4.80 18 10.40 34
5.30 19 10.60 35
5.70 20 10.90 36
6.10 21 11.10 37
6.50 22 11.20 38
6.90 23 11.40 39
7.20 24 11.50 40
7.60 25

11-374
 Obstetrics References

OFD(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

GA GA GA
OFD(cm) OFD(cm) OFD(cm)
(weeks) (weeks) (weeks)
2.4 12w0d 6.0 19w3d 09.6 29w3d
2.5 12w1d 6.1 19w5d 09.7 29w6d
2.6 12w2d 6.2 20w0d 09.8 30w1d
2.7 12w3d 6.3 20w1d 09.9 30w4d
2.8 12w4d 6.4 20w3d 10.0 30w6d
2.9 12w6d 6.5 20w5d 10.1 31w2d
3.0 13w0d 6.6 20w6d 10.2 31w5d
3.1 13w1d 6.7 21w1d 10.3 32w1d
3.2 13w3d 6.8 21w3d 10.4 32w4d
3.3 13w4d 6.9 21w4d 10.5 33w0d
3.4 13w6d 7.0 21w6d 10.6 33w3d
3.5 14w1d 7.1 22w1d 10.7 34w0d
3.6 14w2d 7.2 22w3d 10.8 34w4d
3.7 14w4d 7.3 22w5d 10.9 35w1d
3.8 14w5d 7.4 23w0d 11.0 35w6d
3.9 15w0d 7.5 23w2d 11.1 36w4d
4.0 15w1d 7.6 23w3d 11.2 37w2d
4.1 15w3d 7.7 23w5d 11.3 38w1d
4.2 15w4d 7.8 24w0d 11.4 39w0d
4.3 15w6d 7.9 24w2d 11.5 39w6d
4.4 16w0d 8.0 24w4d 11.6 40w6d
4.5 16w2d 8.1 24w6d
4.6 16w3d 8.2 25w1d
4.7 16w5d 8.3 25w3d
4.8 16w6d 8.4 25w5d
4.9 17w1d 8.5 26w0d
5.0 17w2d 8.6 26w2d

11-375
 Obstetrics References

5.1 17w4d 8.7 26w5d

5.2 17w5d 8.8 27w0d
5.3 18w0d 8.9 27w2d
5.4 18w1d 9.0 27w4d
5.5 18w3d 9.1 27w6d
5.6 18w4d 9.2 28w1d
5.7 18w6d 9.3 28w3d
5.8 19w0d 9.4 28w6d
5.9 19w2d 9.5 29w1d

11-376
 Obstetrics References

OFD(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

OFD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; OFD
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

OFD(cm) OFD(cm)
GA(weeks) GA(weeks)
50% 50%
3.00 12.5 09.00 27.5
3.20 13.0 09.10 28.0
3.40 13.5 09.30 28.5
3.50 14.0 09.40 29.0
3.70 14.5 09.60 29.5
3.90 15.0 09.70 30.0
4.10 15.5 09.90 30.5
4.30 16.0 10.00 31.0
4.50 16.5 10.10 31.5
4.70 17.0 10.20 32.0
5.00 17.5 10.40 32.5
5.20 18.0 10.50 33.0
5.40 18.5 10.60 33.5
5.60 19.0 10.70 34.0
5.80 19.5 10.80 34.5
6.00 20.0 10.90 35.0
6.30 20.5 11.00 35.5
6.50 21.0 11.00 36.0
6.70 21.5 11.10 36.5
6.90 22.0 11.20 37.0
7.10 22.5 11.20 37.5
7.30 23.0 11.30 38.0
7.50 23.5 11.30 38.5
7.70 24.0 11.40 39.0

11-377
 Obstetrics References

7.90 24.5 11.40 39.5

8.10 25.0 11.40 40.0
8.20 25.5 11.40 40.5
8.40 26.0 11.50 41.0
8.60 26.5 11.50 41.5
8.80 27.0

11-378
 Obstetrics References

OFD(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

OFD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; OFD
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

OFD(cm) GA(weeks)
3.90 14
4.20 15
4.60 16
5.00 17
5.40 18
5.80 19
6.20 20
6.70 21
7.10 22
7.50 23
7.90 24
8.30 25
8.70 26
9.10 27
9.50 28
9.80 29
10.20 30
10.50 31
10.70 32
11.00 33
11.20 34
11.30 35
11.50 36
11.60 37
11.60 38
11.60 39

11-379
 Obstetrics References

RAD(MERZ)
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

Radius and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table;

Radius (50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

Radius(cm) GA(weeks) Radius(cm) GA(weeks)

0.40 12.5 3.90 27.5
0.60 13.0 4.00 28.0
0.80 13.5 4.10 28.5
1.00 14.0 4.20 29.0
1.10 14.5 4.20 29.5
1.30 15.0 4.30 30.0
1.40 15.5 4.40 30.5
1.60 16.0 4.40 31.0
1.70 16.5 4.50 31.5
1.80 17.0 4.60 32.0
2.00 17.5 4.60 32.5
2.10 18.0 4.70 33.0
2.20 18.5 4.80 33.5
2.30 19.0 4.80 34.0
2.40 19.5 4.90 34.5
2.50 20.0 4.90 35.0
2.60 20.5 5.00 35.5
2.80 21.0 5.00 36.0
2.90 21.5 5.10 36.5
3.00 22.0 5.10 37.0
3.10 22.5 5.20 37.5
3.20 23.0 5.20 38.0
3.20 23.5 5.20 38.5
3.30 24.0 5.30 39.0

11-380
 Obstetrics References

3.40 24.5 5.30 39.5

11
3.50 25.0 5.30 40.0

Safety and Regulatory Information

3.60 25.5 5.40 40.5
3.70 26.0 5.40 41.0
3.80 26.5 5.40 41.5
3.90 27.0

11-381
 Obstetrics References

SL(TOKYO)
Reference

Tokyo University Method 1986, 6 by University Tokyo

GA(d) GA(d)
SL(mm) SL(mm)
mean ±1SD mean ±1SD
44 154 5 66 213 10
45 157 5 67 217 10
46 159 5 68 220 10
47 161 5 69 224 10
48 163 5 70 227 11
49 166 6 71 231 11
50 168 6 72 234 11
51 171 6 73 238 11
52 173 6 74 241 11
53 176 7 75 245 11
54 178 7 76 249 11
55 181 7 77 252 11
56 183 8 78 256 11
57 186 8 79 260 10
58 189 8 80 264 10
59 192 8 81 267 10
60 195 9 82 271 10
61 198 9 83 275 10
62 201 9 84 278 10
63 204 9 85 282 10
64 207 10 86 285 10
65 210 10

11-382
 Obstetrics References

TAD(CFEF)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

TAD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; TAD
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

TAD(mm) GA(week)
13.50 11
17.00 12
20.56 13
24.00 14
27.69 15
31.21 16
34.70 17
38.31 18
41.69 19
45.21 20
48.34 21
51.57 22
54.72 23
57.88 24
61.00 25
64.00 26
67.11 27
70.27 28
73.27 29
76.17 30
79.25 31
82.10 32
84.78 33
87.55 34
90.00 35

11-383
 Obstetrics References

92.36 36
94.81 37
97.00 38
99.33 39
101.64 40
103.00 41

11-384
 Obstetrics References

TAD(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
• TAD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; TAD
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE • Values are copied from growth table.

TAD(cm) TAD(cm)
GA(weeks) GA(weeks)
50% 50%
2.00 12.5 7.10 27.5
2.20 13.0 7.30 28.0
2.40 13.5 7.50 28.5
2.50 14.0 7.60 29.0
2.70 14.5 7.80 29.5
2.90 15.0 7.90 30.0
3.10 15.5 8.10 30.5
3.20 16.0 8.20 31.0
3.40 16.5 8.40 31.5
3.60 17.0 8.50 32.0
3.80 17.5 8.70 32.5
3.90 18.0 8.80 33.0
4.10 18.5 9.00 33.5
4.30 19.0 9.10 34.0
4.40 19.5 9.30 34.5
4.60 20.0 9.40 35.0
4.80 20.5 9.60 35.5
5.00 21.0 9.70 36.0
5.10 21.5 9.80 36.5
5.30 22.0 10.00 37.0
5.50 22.5 10.10 37.5
5.60 23.0 10.20 38.0
5.80 23.5 10.40 38.5
6.00 24.0 10.50 39.0
6.10 24.5 10.60 39.5
6.30 25.0 10.70 40.0
6.50 25.5 10.80 40.5

11-385
 Obstetrics References

6.60 26.0 10.90 41.0

6.80 26.5 11.00 41.5
7.00 27.0

11-386
 Obstetrics References

TCD(or CEREB)(CHITTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Altmann D.G.; Chitty L.S. “New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy.”
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 10: 174-191, 1997

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.30 cm
Max Range: 3.60 cm

GA(weeks+days)
cereb(cm)
5% 50% 95%
1.30 13w1d 14w3d 16w0d
1.40 14w0d 15w2d 16w6d
1.50 14w6d 16w2d 17w5d
1.60 15w4d 17w0d 18w4d
1.70 16w3d 17w6d 19w3d
1.80 17w2d 18w5d 20w2d
1.90 18w0d 19w4d 21w1d
2.00 18w6d 20w3d 22w0d
2.10 19w4d 21w1d 22w6d
2.20 20w2d 22w0d 23w5d
2.30 21w0d 22w5d 24w4d
2.40 21w5d 23w4d 25w4d
2.50 22w2d 24w2d 26w3d
2.60 23w0d 25w0d 27w3d
2.70 23w4d 25w6d 28w2d
2.80 24w1d 26w4d 29w2d
2.90 24w5d 27w2d 30w2d
3.00 25w1d 28w0d 31w2d
3.10 25w5d 28w6d 32w2d
3.20 26w1d 29w4d 33w3d
3.30 26w4d 30w2d 34w4d
3.40 26w6d 31w0d 35w5d
3.50 27w2d 31w5d 36w6d
3.60 27w4d 32w3d 38w1d

11-387
 Obstetrics References

TCD(or CEREB)(HILL)
Reference

Hill L M, Guzick D, Fries J, Hixson J, Rivello D,

“The Transverse Cerebellar Diameter in Estimation Gestational Age in the
Large for Gestational Age-Fetus.” Obstetrics and Gynecology; Vol.75; No.6;
June 1990; pages 981-985

GA = 6.37 + 5.4 × Cereb + 0.78 × Cereb² – 0.13 × Cereb³

Input Unit: cm

Output Unit: w (weeks)
Min Range: 1.40 cm
Max Range: 5.60 cm

Standard Deviation:

Age(weeks) ±SD(weeks)
12-17 0.5
18-23 0.9
24-29 1.0
30-35 1.2
36~ 1.6

cereb GA(w+d/d) cereb GA(w+d/d) cereb GA(w+d/d)

(cm) mean ±dec (cm) mean ±dec (cm) mean ±dec
1.40 15w1d 4d 2.80 24w6d 7d 4.20 33w3d 08d
1.50 15w6d 4d 2.90 25w4d 7d 4.30 33w6d 08d
1.60 16w4d 4d 3.00 26w1d 7d 4.40 34w3d 08d
1.70 17w1d 4d 3.10 26w6d 7d 4.50 34w6d 08d
1.80 17w6d 4d 3.20 27w4d 7d 4.60 35w2d 08d
1.90 18w4d 6d 3.30 28w1d 7d 4.70 35w5d 08d
2.00 19w2d 6d 3.40 28w6d 7d 4.80 36w1d 11d
2.10 20w0d 6d 3.50 29w3d 7d 4.90 36w4d 11d
2.20 20w5d 6d 3.60 30w0d 8d 5.00 36w6d 11d
2.30 21w3d 6d 3.70 30w4d 8d 5.10 37w1d 11d
2.40 22w1d 6d 3.80 31w1d 8d 5.20 37w4d 11d
2.50 22w6d 6d 3.90 31w6d 8d 5.40 38w0d 11d
2.60 23w4d 6d 4.00 32w2d 8d 5.50 38w2d 11d
2.70 24w1d 7d 4.10 32w6d 8d 5.60 38w4d 11d

11-388
 Obstetrics References

TCD(or CEREB)(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

TCD and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; TCD
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

TCD(cm)
GA(weeks)
Median
1.40 14
1.50 15
1.60 16
1.70 17
1.80 18
2.00 19
2.10 20
2.20 21
2.40 22
2.50 23
2.60 24
2.80 25
2.90 26
3.10 27
3.20 28
3.30 29
3.50 30
3.60 31
3.70 32
3.90 33
4.00 34
4.10 35
4.20 36
4.30 37
4.40 38
4.50 39

11-389
 Obstetrics References

TIB(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty P., Rodesch F., Delbeke D., Dumont J., “Estimation of Gestational Age
from Measurements of Fetal Long Bones.” J Ultrasound Med 3:75-79, 1984

Tibia GA(weeks+days) Tibia GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 10w4d 13w3d 16w2d 4.00 22w3d 25w2d 28w1d
1.10 10w6d 13w5d 16w4d 4.10 22w6d 25w5d 28w4d
1.20 11w1d 14w1d 17w0d 4.20 23w2d 26w1d 29w1d
1.30 11w4d 14w3d 17w2d 4.30 23w5d 26w4d 29w4d
1.40 11w6d 14w6d 17w5d 4.40 24w1d 27w1d 30w0d
1.50 12w1d 15w1d 18w0d 4.50 24w4d 27w4d 30w4d
1.60 12w4d 15w4d 18w3d 4.60 25w1d 28w0d 30w6d
1.70 13w0d 15w6d 18w6d 4.70 25w4d 28w4d 31w3d
1.80 13w2d 16w1d 19w1d 4.80 26w1d 29w0d 31w6d
1.90 13w5d 16w4d 19w4d 4.90 26w4d 29w3d 32w2d
2.00 14w1d 17w0d 19w6d 5.00 27w0d 29w6d 32w6d
2.10 14w4d 17w3d 20w2d 5.10 27w4d 30w3d 33w2d
2.20 14w6d 17w6d 20w5d 5.20 28w0d 30w6d 33w6d
2.30 15w1d 18w1d 21w1d 5.30 28w4d 31w3d 34w2d
2.40 15w4d 18w4d 21w3d 5.40 29w0d 31w6d 34w6d
2.50 16w0d 18w6d 21w6d 5.50 29w4d 32w3d 35w2d
2.60 16w3d 19w2d 22w1d 5.60 30w0d 32w6d 35w6d
2.70 16w6d 19w5d 22w4d 5.70 30w4d 33w3d 36w2d
2.80 17w1d 20w1d 23w0d 5.80 31w0d 33w6d 36w6d
2.90 17w4d 20w4d 23w4d 5.90 31w4d 34w3d 37w2d
3.00 18w1d 21w0d 23w6d 6.00 32w0d 34w6d 37w6d
3.10 18w4d 21w3d 24w2d 6.10 32w4d 35w3d 38w2d
3.20 18w6d 21w6d 24w5d 6.20 33w0d 35w6d 38w6d
3.30 19w2d 22w1d 25w1d 6.30 33w4d 36w4d 39w3d
3.40 19w5d 22w4d 25w4d 6.40 34w1d 37w0d 39w6d
3.50 20w1d 23w1d 26w0d 6.50 34w4d 37w4d 40w3d
3.60 20w4d 23w4d 26w3d 6.60 35w1d 38w0d 41w0d
3.70 21w0d 23w6d 26w6d 6.70 35w5d 38w4d 41w4d
3.80 21w4d 24w3d 27w2d 6.80 36w1d 39w1d 42w0d
3.90 21w6d 24w6d 27w5d 6.90 36w6d 39w5d 42w4d

11-390
 Obstetrics References

TIB(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

Tibia and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; Tibia
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

Tibia(cm) Tibia(cm)
GA(weeks) GA(weeks)
50% 50%
0.70 12.5 4.60 27.5
0.90 13.0 4.70 28.0
1.00 13.5 4.80 28.5
1.20 14.0 4.90 29.0
1.40 14.5 5.00 29.5
1.50 15.0 5.10 30.0
1.70 15.5 5.10 30.5
1.80 16.0 5.20 31.0
2.00 16.5 5.30 31.5
2.10 17.0 5.40 32.0
2.20 17.5 5.50 32.5
2.40 18.0 5.60 33.0
2.50 18.5 5.60 33.5
2.60 19.0 5.70 34.0
2.80 19.5 5.80 34.5
2.90 20.0 5.90 35.0
3.00 20.5 5.90 35.5
3.10 21.0 6.00 36.0
3.30 21.5 6.10 36.5
3.40 22.0 6.20 37.0
3.50 22.5 6.20 37.5
3.60 23.0 6.30 38.0
3.70 23.5 6.30 38.5
3.80 24.0 6.40 39.0

11-391
 Obstetrics References

4.00 24.5 6.40 39.5

4.10 25.0 6.50 40.0
4.20 25.5 6.50 40.5
4.30 26.0 6.60 41.0
4.40 26.5 6.60 41.5
4.50 27.0

11-392
 Obstetrics References

TTD(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986; pp.431

TTD(cm) GA(weeks)
1.70 12
2.00 13
2.40 14
2.70 15
3.10 16
3.40 17
3.70 18
4.00 19
4.40 20
4.70 21
5.00 22
5.30 23
5.60 24
5.90 25
6.20 26
6.50 27
6.90 28
7.20 29
7.40 30
7.80 31
8.10 32
8.30 33
8.60 34
8.90 35
9.20 36
9.40 37
9.70 38
9.90 39
10.10 40
10.20 41

11-393
 Obstetrics References

ULNA(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty P., Rodesch F., Delbeke D., Dumont J., “Estimation of Gestational Age
from Measurements of Fetal Long Bones.” J Ultrasound Med 3:75-79, 1984

Ulna GA(weeks+days) Ulna GA(weeks+days)

(cm) 5% 50% 95% (cm) 5% 50% 95%
1.00 10w1d 13w1d 16w1d 3.80 22w1d 25w1d 28w1d
1.10 10w4d 13w4d 16w4d 3.90 22w4d 25w4d 28w5d
1.20 10w6d 13w6d 16w6d 4.00 23w1d 26w1d 29w1d
1.30 11w1d 14w1d 17w2d 4.10 23w4d 26w5d 29w5d
1.40 11w4d 14w4d 17w5d 4.20 24w1d 27w1d 30w2d
1.50 11w6d 15w0d 18w0d 4.30 24w5d 27w5d 30w6d
1.60 12w2d 15w3d 18w3d 4.40 25w1d 28w2d 31w2d
1.70 12w5d 15w5d 18w6d 4.50 25w6d 28w6d 31w6d
1.80 13w1d 16w1d 19w1d 4.60 26w2d 29w3d 32w3d
1.90 13w4d 16w4d 19w4d 4.70 26w6d 29w6d 33w0d
2.00 13w6d 16w6d 20w0d 4.80 27w3d 30w4d 33w4d
2.10 14w2d 17w2d 20w3d 4.90 28w0d 31w1d 34w1d
2.20 14w5d 17w5d 20w6d 5.00 28w4d 31w4d 34w5d
2.30 15w1d 18w1d 21w1d 5.10 29w1d 32w1d 35w2d
2.40 15w4d 18w4d 21w4d 5.20 29w5d 32w6d 35w6d
2.50 16w0d 19w0d 22w1d 5.30 30w2d 33w3d 36w3d
2.60 16w3d 19w3d 22w4d 5.40 30w6d 34w0d 37w0d
2.70 16w6d 19w6d 22w6d 5.50 31w4d 34w4d 37w5d
2.80 17w2d 20w2d 23w3d 5.60 32w1d 35w1d 38w2d
2.90 17w5d 20w6d 23w6d 5.70 32w6d 35w6d 38w6d
3.00 18w1d 21w1d 24w2d 5.80 33w3d 36w3d 39w4d
3.10 18w4d 21w5d 24w6d 5.90 34w0d 37w1d 40w1d
3.20 19w1d 22w1d 25w1d 6.00 34w4d 37w5d 40w6d
3.30 19w4d 22w5d 25w5d 6.10 35w2d 38w2d 41w3d
3.40 20w1d 23w1d 26w1d 6.20 35w6d 39w0d 42w0d
3.50 20w4d 23w4d 26w5d 6.30 36w4d 39w4d 42w5d
3.60 21w1d 24w1d 27w1d 6.40 37w1d 40w2d 43w2d
3.70 21w4d 24w4d 27w5d

11-394
 Obstetrics References

ULNA(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

Ulna and GA Values are taken from Fetal Growth Table; Ulna
(50% values) are used as Input and GA as Output!
NOTE

Ulna(cm) Ulna(cm)
GA(weeks) GA(weeks)
50% 50%
0.50 12.5 4.40 27.5
0.80 13.0 4.50 28.0
1.00 13.5 4.60 28.5
1.10 14.0 4.70 29.0
1.30 14.5 4.80 29.5
1.50 15.0 4.90 30.0
1.60 15.5 4.90 30.5
1.80 16.0 5.00 31.0
1.90 16.5 5.10 31.5
2.10 17.0 5.20 32.0
2.20 17.5 5.30 32.5
2.30 18.0 5.30 33.0
2.50 18.5 5.40 33.5
2.60 19.0 5.50 34.0
2.70 19.5 5.50 34.5
2.80 20.0 5.60 35.0
3.00 20.5 5.70 35.5
3.10 21.0 5.70 36.0
3.20 21.5 5.80 36.5
3.30 22.0 5.80 37.0
3.40 22.5 5.90 37.5
3.50 23.0 5.90 38.0
3.60 23.5 6.00 38.5
3.70 24.0 6.00 39.0

11-395
 Obstetrics References

3.80 24.5 6.10 39.5

3.90 25.0 6.10 40.0
4.00 25.5 6.20 40.5
4.10 26.0 6.20 41.0
4.20 26.5 6.20 41.5
4.30 27.0

11-396
 Obstetrics References

AC(ASUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open.home.htm
Date: December 2003

Input Unit: GA (week)

Output Unit: AC mean (cm) ± SD (cm)
Min Range: 11 weeks
Max Range: 41 weeks

GA AC(cm) GA AC(cm)
(week) mean ±2SD (week) mean ±2SD
11 05.2 1.0 27 23.0 2.5
12 06.3 1.0 28 24.2 2.5
13 07.4 1.0 29 25.9 2.5
14 08.4 1.0 30 26.2 2.5
15 09.6 1.0 31 27.2 3.0
16 10.6 1.0 32 28.3 3.0
17 12.0 1.5 33 29.4 3.0
18 13.1 1.5 34 30.5 3.0
19 14.0 1.5 35 31.5 3.0
20 15.1 1.5 36 32.5 3.5
21 16.4 2.0 37 33.3 3.5
22 17.6 2.0 38 34.2 3.5
23 18.6 2.0 39 35.6 3.5
24 20.1 2.0 40 36.2 3.5
25 21.2 2.0 41 36.7 3.5
26 22.3 2.5

11-397
 Obstetrics References

AC(CFEF)
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

Input Unit: GA [week]

Output Unit: Percentile [mm]
Min Range: 15 weeks
Max Range: 40 weeks

GA AC(mm)
(weeks) 3% 10% 50% 90% 97%
15 80.70 85.30 95.00 104.40 108.80
16 91.30 96.10 106.40 116.80 121.60
17 101.70 106.80 118.00 129.00 134.00
18 111.80 117.40 129.20 141.00 146.60
19 122.00 128.00 140.40 153.00 158.80
20 132.00 138.00 151.40 164.70 171.00
21 141.60 148.20 162.30 176.30 183.00
22 151.40 158.20 173.00 187.80 194.70
23 160.90 168.20 183.60 199.00 206.30
24 170.20 177.80 194.00 210.30 218.00
25 179.30 187.30 204.40 221.30 229.30
26 188.40 196.70 214.50 232.30 240.60
27 197.30 206.00 224.50 243.00 251.60
28 206.20 215.10 234.40 253.60 262.60
29 214.70 224.00 244.00 264.00 273.30
30 223.20 232.80 253.60 274.20 283.70
31 231.60 241.60 263.00 284.20 294.40
32 239.70 250.00 272.20 294.30 304.60
33 247.80 258.40 281.20 304.00 314.80
34 255.60 266.70 290.20 313.80 324.80

11-398
 Obstetrics References

35 263.20 274.70 298.80 323.30 334.50

11
36 271.00 282.60 307.40 332.50 344.30

Safety and Regulatory Information

37 278.30 290.30 316.00 341.70 353.80
38 285.60 298.00 324.70 350.70 363.00
39 292.70 305.30 332.40 359.60 372.20
40 298.00 311.00 339.00 367.00 380.00

11-399
 Obstetrics References

AC(CHITTY)
Reference

Chitty,L.S., Altman,D.G., Henderson,A., Campbell,S.,” Charts of fetal size: 3.

Abdominal measurements”, Br.J.Obstet.Gynaecol. Vol. 101 No. 2, 1994,
pages 125-131

AC(cm)
GA(week)
-1SD mean +1SD
12 04.77 05.89 07.02
13 05.87 07.09 08.30
14 06.97 08.27 09.57
15 08.06 09.45 10.83
16 09.15 10.62 12.09
17 10.22 11.78 13.33
18 11.29 12.93 14.57
19 12.35 14.08 15.81
20 13.40 15.21 17.03
21 14.44 16.34 18.24
22 15.47 17.46 19.44
23 16.49 18.56 20.63
24 17.50 19.66 21.81
25 18.50 20.74 22.98
26 19.48 21.81 24.14
27 20.45 22.87 25.28
28 21.41 23.91 26.41
29 22.36 24.94 27.53
30 23.29 25.96 28.63
31 24.20 26.96 29.72
32 25.10 27.95 30.80
33 25.99 28.92 31.85
34 26.86 29.88 32.90
35 27.71 30.82 33.92
36 28.55 31.74 34.93
37 29.37 32.64 35.92
38 30.17 33.53 36.89

11-400
 Obstetrics References

39 30.95 34.40 37.85

11
40 31.72 35.25 38.78

Safety and Regulatory Information

41 32.46 36.08 39.70
42 33.18 36.89 40.60

11-401
 Obstetrics References

AC(HADLOCK)
Reference

Hadlock F.P., Deter R.L., Harrist R.B., Park S.K.

“Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth
Parameters” Radiology 1984,; 152: 497-501

AC = – 13.3 + 1.61 × GA – 0.00998 × GA²

Input Unit: w (week)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 1.34 cm

corresponds to: 16% ~ 84% (-1,34cm ~ +1,34cm)

GA(weeks) AC(cm) GA(weeks) AC(cm)

12.0 4.60 26.5 22.40
12.5 5.30 27.0 23.00
13.0 6.00 27.5 23.50
13.5 6.70 28.0 24.00
14.0 7.30 28.5 24.60
14.5 8.00 29.0 25.10
15.0 8.60 29.5 25.60
15.5 9.30 30.0 26.10
16.0 9.90 30.5 26.60
16.5 10.60 31.0 27.10
17.0 11.20 31.5 27.60
17.5 11.90 32.0 28.10
18.0 12.50 32.5 28.60
18.5 13.10 33.0 29.10
19.0 13.70 33.5 29.50
19.5 14.40 34.0 30.00
20.0 15.00 34.5 30.50
20.5 15.60 35.0 30.90
21.0 16.20 35.5 31.40
21.5 16.80 36.0 31.80

11-402
 Obstetrics References

22.0 17.40 36.5 32.30

11
22.5 17.90 37.0 32.70

Safety and Regulatory Information

23.0 18.50 37.5 33.20
23.5 19.10 38.0 33.60
24.0 19.70 38.5 34.00
24.5 20.20 39.0 34.40
25.0 20.80 39.5 34.80
25.5 21.30 40.0 35.30
26.0 21.90

11-403
 Obstetrics References

AC(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p.431.

GA(weeks) AC(cm)
12 05.30
13 06.30
14 07.50
15 08.50
16 09.70
17 10.70
18 11.60
19 12.60
20 13.50
21 14.50
22 15.50
23 16.50
24 17.30
25 18.30
26 19.10
27 20.20
28 21.10
29 22.20
30 23.00
31 24.00
32 24.90
33 25.80
34 26.80
35 27.70
36 28.70
37 29.60
38 30.60
39 31.50
40 32.00

11-404
 Obstetrics References

AC(JENATY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Cantraine F. “Normal Growth of the Abdominal

Perimeter” American Journal of Perinatology; Volume1; Number 2; January
1984; pages 129-135

AC = – 2.9005+0.39388 × GA+0.033897 × GA²–0.00055459 × GA³

Input Unit: w (week)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

AC(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 03.50 05.70 08.00
13 04.50 06.70 09.00
14 05.50 07.70 10.00
15 06.50 08.80 11.00
16 07.60 09.80 12.00
17 08.60 10.90 13.10
18 09.70 11.90 14.20
19 10.80 13.00 15.20
20 11.90 14.10 16.30
21 12.90 15.20 17.40
22 14.00 16.30 18.50
23 15.10 17.30 19.60
24 16.20 18.40 20.60
25 17.20 19.50 21.70
26 18.30 20.50 22.70
27 19.30 21.50 23.80
28 20.30 22.50 24.80
29 21.30 23.50 25.70
30 22.20 24.40 26.70
31 23.10 25.40 27.60
32 24.00 26.20 28.50
33 24.80 27.10 29.30

11-405
 Obstetrics References

34 25.60 27.90 30.10

35 26.40 28.60 30.90
36 27.10 29.30 31.60
37 27.80 30.00 32.20
38 28.30 30.60 32.80
39 28.90 31.10 33.30
40 29.40 31.60 33.80

11-406
 Obstetrics References

AC(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee” Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals” J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Units: cm
Min Range: 16 weeks
Max Range: 42 weeks

AC(cm)
GA(weeks)
-2 SD Mean +2 SD
16 08.50 10.40 12.30
17 09.40 11.40 13.40
18 10.40 12.50 14.60
19 11.30 13.50 15.70
20 12.20 14.50 16.80
21 13.20 15.50 17.90
22 14.10 16.50 19.00
23 15.00 17.50 20.10
24 15.90 18.50 21.20
25 16.80 19.50 22.30
26 17.60 20.50 23.30
27 18.50 21.40 24.40
28 19.30 22.40 25.40
29 20.20 23.30 26.40
30 21.00 24.20 27.40
31 21.80 25.10 28.40
32 22.50 25.90 29.40
33 23.30 26.80 30.30
34 24.00 27.60 31.20
35 24.70 28.40 32.10
36 25.40 29.20 33.00
37 26.00 29.90 33.80
38 26.60 30.60 34.60

11-407
 Obstetrics References

39 27.20 31.30 35.40

40 27.70 31.90 36.10
41 28.20 32.50 36.80
42 28.70 33.10 37.50

11-408
 Obstetrics References

AC(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

AC(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 04.53 05.66 06.79
13 05.61 06.82 08.03
14 06.69 07.98 09.27
15 07.76 09.13 10.50
16 08.83 10.27 11.72
17 09.88 11.40 12.93
18 10.93 12.53 14.13
19 11.97 13.64 15.32
20 12.99 14.75 16.51
21 14.01 15.85 17.68
22 15.02 16.93 18.84
23 16.01 18.00 20.00
24 16.99 19.06 21.13
25 17.96 20.11 22.26
26 18.92 21.15 23.37
27 19.87 22.17 24.48
28 20.80 23.18 25.56
29 21.71 24.17 26.63
30 22.61 25.15 27.69
31 23.50 26.11 28.73
32 24.36 27.06 29.76
33 25.22 27.99 30.77
34 26.05 28.90 31.76
35 26.87 29.80 32.73
36 27.67 30.68 33.69
37 28.45 31.54 34.62
38 29.21 32.38 35.54

11-409
 Obstetrics References

39 29.95 33.20 36.44

40 30.68 34.00 37.32
41 31.38 34.78 38.18
42 32.06 35.53 39.01

11-410
 Obstetrics References

AC(LESSOWAY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Lessoway,V.A., Schulzer,M., Wittmann,B.K., Gagnon,F.A., Wilson,R.D.,”

Ultrasound fetal biometry charts for a North American Caucasian
population”, J Clin.Ultrasound, Vol. 26, No. 9, 1998, pages 433-453.

Input Unit: weeks + days

Output Unit: mm
Min Range: 12 weeks 0 days
Max Range: 42 weeks 0 days

GA AC(mm) GA AC(mm) GA AC(mm) GA AC(mm)

(Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90%

12w0d 47.6 59.3 68.3 20w0d 139.5 153.0 168.1 28w0d 224.3 244.6 263.1 36w0d 301.0 323.6 345.2

12w1d 49.2 60.8 69.9 20w1d 141.1 154.7 169.9 28w1d 225.8 246.1 264.7 36w1d 302.0 324.8 346.4

12w2d 50.8 62.3 71.6 20w2d 142.7 156.4 171.7 28w2d 227.4 247.7 266.3 36w2d 303.0 326.0 347.6

12w3d 52.4 63.8 73.2 20w3d 144.3 158.1 173.6 28w3d 228.9 249.2 267.9 36w3d 304.0 327.2 348.8

12w4d 54.0 65.4 74.9 20w4d 145.9 159.8 175.4 28w4d 230.4 250.8 269.5 36w4d 304.9 328.4 350.0

12w5d 55.7 66.9 76.5 20w5d 147.5 161.5 177.1 28w5d 232.0 252.3 271.1 36w5d 305.9 329.5 351.2

12w6d 57.3 68.5 78.2 20w6d 149.1 163.1 178.9 28w6d 233.5 253.9 272.7 36w6d 306.8 330.7 352.4

13w0d 58.9 70.0 79.8 21w0d 150.7 164.8 180.7 29w0d 235.1 255.4 274.3 37w0d 307.8 331.9 353.5

13w1d 60.6 71.6 81.5 21w1d 152.3 166.5 182.5 29w1d 236.6 257.0 275.9 37w1d 308.7 333.0 354.7

13w2d 62.2 73.2 83.2 21w2d 153.9 168.2 184.3 29w2d 238.1 258.5 277.5 37w2d 309.6 334.2 355.8

13w3d 63.9 74.7 84.9 21w3d 155.4 169.9 186.0 29w3d 239.7 260.1 279.1 37w3d 310.5 335.4 357.0

13w4d 65.5 76.3 86.6 21w4d 157.0 171.6 187.8 29w4d 241.2 261.6 280.6 37w4d 311.3 336.5 358.1

13w5d 67.2 77.9 88.3 21w5d 158.6 173.2 189.5 29w5d 242.8 263.2 282.2 37w5d 312.2 337.7 359.2

13w6d 68.9 79.6 90.0 21w6d 160.2 174.9 191.3 29w6d 244.3 264.7 283.8 37w6d 313.0 338.9 360.4

14w0d 70.6 81.2 91.7 22w0d 161.8 176.6 193.0 30w0d 245.9 266.3 285.4 38w0d 313.8 340.1 361.5

14w1d 72.2 82.8 93.5 22w1d 163.3 178.2 194.7 30w1d 247.4 267.8 286.9 38w1d 314.6 341.3 362.6

14w2d 73.9 84.5 95.2 22w2d 164.9 179.9 196.4 30w2d 248.9 269.3 288.5 38w2d 315.4 342.4 363.7

14w3d 75.6 86.2 97.0 22w3d 166.4 181.6 198.1 30w3d 250.4 270.9 290.0 38w3d 316.2 343.6 364.9

14w4d 77.3 87.8 98.7 22w4d 167.9 183.2 199.8 30w4d 252.0 272.4 291.6 38w4d 317.0 344.9 366.0

14w5d 79.0 89.5 100.5 22w5d 169.5 184.9 201.5 30w5d 253.5 273.9 293.1 38w5d 317.7 346.1 367.1

14w6d 80.7 91.2 102.3 22w6d 171.0 186.5 203.3 30w6d 255.0 275.4 294.7 38w6d 318.5 347.3 368.3

15w0d 82.4 92.9 104.0 23w0d 172.5 188.1 204.9 31w0d 256.5 276.9 296.2 39w0d 319.2 348.6 369.5

15w1d 84.1 94.6 105.8 23w1d 174.0 189.8 206.6 31w1d 258.0 278.4 297.8 39w1d 319.9 349.8 370.7

15w2d 85.8 96.3 107.6 23w2d 175.5 191.4 208.3 31w2d 259.5 279.9 299.3 39w2d 320.7 351.1 371.9

15w3d 87.5 98.0 109.4 23w3d 177.0 193.1 210.0 31w3d 261.0 281.4 300.9 39w3d 321.4 352.4 373.1

15w4d 89.2 99.7 111.2 23w4d 178.5 194.7 211.7 31w4d 262.4 282.8 302.4 39w4d 322.1 353.7 374.3

11-411
 Obstetrics References

15w5d 90.9 101.4 113.0 23w5d 180.0 196.4 213.4 31w5d 263.9 284.3 303.9 39w5d 322.8 355.0 375.5

15w6d 92.6 103.2 114.8 23w6d 181.4 198.0 215.1 31w6d 265.3 285.7 305.5 39w6d 323.5 356.3 376.8

16w0d 94.3 104.9 116.6 24w0d 182.9 199.7 216.8 32w0d 266.7 287.2 307.0 40w0d 324.2 357.7 378.1

16w1d 96.0 106.6 118.4 24w1d 184.4 201.3 218.5 32w1d 268.1 288.6 308.5 40w1d 324.9 359.0 379.4

16w2d 97.6 108.3 120.3 24w2d 185.8 202.9 220.2 32w2d 269.5 290.1 310.0 40w2d 325.6 360.4 380.7

16w3d 99.3 110.0 122.1 24w3d 187.3 204.6 221.9 32w3d 270.9 291.5 311.5 40w3d 326.3 361.7 382.1

16w4d 100.9 111.8 123.9 24w4d 188.7 206.2 223.6 32w4d 272.3 292.9 313.0 40w4d 326.9 363.1 383.4

16w5d 102.6 113.5 125.7 24w5d 190.2 207.8 225.2 32w5d 273.6 294.3 314.5 40w5d 327.6 364.5 384.8

16w6d 104.2 115.2 127.6 24w6d 191.6 209.5 226.9 32w6d 275.0 295.7 316.0 40w6d 328.2 365.9 386.1

17w0d 105.8 116.9 129.4 25w0d 193.1 211.1 228.6 33w0d 276.3 297.0 317.5 41w0d 328.8 367.2 387.5

17w1d 107.5 118.6 131.2 25w1d 194.6 212.7 230.3 33w1d 277.6 298.4 318.9 41w1d 329.4 368.6 388.8

17w2d 109.1 120.3 133.1 25w2d 196.0 214.3 231.9 33w2d 278.9 299.8 320.3 41w2d 330.0 370.0 390.2

17w3d 110.7 122.1 134.9 25w3d 197.5 216.0 233.6 33w3d 280.2 301.1 321.8 41w3d 330.5 371.3 391.5

17w4d 112.3 123.8 136.7 25w4d 198.9 217.6 235.2 33w4d 281.5 302.5 323.2 41w4d 331.1 372.7 392.9

17w5d 113.9 125.5 138.6 25w5d 200.4 219.2 236.9 33w5d 282.8 303.8 324.6 41w5d 331.6 374.1 394.2

17w6d 115.5 127.2 140.4 25w6d 201.9 220.8 238.6 33w6d 284.0 305.1 326.0 41w6d 332.2 375.4 395.6

18w0d 117.1 128.9 142.3 26w0d 203.4 222.4 240.2 34w0d 285.3 306.4 327.3 42w0d 332.7 376.8 396.9

18w1d 118.7 130.7 144.1 26w1d 204.8 224.0 241.9 34w1d 286.5 307.6 328.7

18w2d 120.3 132.4 146.0 26w2d 206.3 225.6 243.5 34w2d 287.7 308.9 330.0

18w3d 121.9 134.1 147.8 26w3d 207.8 227.2 245.2 34w3d 288.9 310.2 331.3

18w4d 123.5 135.8 149.7 26w4d 209.3 228.8 246.8 34w4d 290.0 311.4 332.6

18w5d 125.1 137.6 151.5 26w5d 210.7 230.4 248.4 34w5d 291.2 312.7 333.9

18w6d 126.7 139.3 153.4 26w6d 212.2 232.0 250.1 34w6d 292.4 313.9 335.2

19w0d 128.3 141.0 155.2 27w0d 213.7 233.6 251.7 35w0d 293.5 315.1 336.5

19w1d 129.9 142.7 157.1 27w1d 215.2 235.2 253.4 35w1d 294.6 316.4 337.8

19w2d 131.5 144.4 158.9 27w2d 216.7 236.7 255.0 35w2d 295.7 317.6 339.0

19w3d 133.1 146.1 160.8 27w3d 218.2 238.3 256.6 35w3d 296.8 318.8 340.3

19w4d 134.7 147.9 162.6 27w4d 219.7 239.9 258.2 35w4d 297.8 320.0 341.5

19w5d 136.3 149.6 164.4 27w5d 221.3 241.4 259.8 35w5d 298.9 321.2 342.8

19w6d 137.9 151.3 166.3 27w6d 222.8 243.0 261.5 35w6d 299.9 322.4 344.0

11-412
 Obstetrics References

AC(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA AC(cm) GA AC(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 5.00 6.20 7.40 27.5 20.20 22.20 24.20
13.0 5.50 6.70 8.00 28.0 20.70 22.70 24.70
13.5 6.00 7.30 8.50 28.5 21.20 23.20 25.20
14.0 6.50 7.80 9.10 29.0 21.70 23.70 25.70
14.5 7.10 8.30 9.60 29.5 22.10 24.20 26.30
15.0 7.60 8.90 10.20 30.0 22.60 24.70 26.80
15.5 8.10 9.40 10.80 30.5 23.10 25.20 27.30
16.0 8.60 10.00 11.40 31.0 23.50 25.70 27.80
16.5 9.10 10.50 11.90 31.5 24.00 26.20 28.30
17.0 9.60 11.10 12.50 32.0 24.40 26.60 28.80
17.5 10.20 11.60 13.10 32.5 24.90 27.10 29.30
18.0 10.70 12.20 13.60 33.0 25.30 27.60 29.80
18.5 11.20 12.70 14.20 33.5 25.80 28.00 30.30
19.0 11.70 13.20 14.80 34.0 26.20 28.50 30.80
19.5 12.20 13.80 15.30 34.5 26.60 28.90 31.30
20.0 12.70 14.30 15.90 35.0 27.00 29.40 31.70
20.5 13.30 14.90 16.50 35.5 27.50 29.80 32.20
21.0 13.80 15.40 17.00 36.0 27.90 30.30 32.70
21.5 14.30 15.90 17.60 36.5 28.30 30.70 33.10
22.0 14.80 16.50 18.10 37.0 28.70 31.10 33.60
22.5 15.30 17.00 18.70 37.5 29.00 31.50 34.00
23.0 15.80 17.50 19.30 38.0 29.40 31.90 34.40
23.5 16.30 18.10 19.80 38.5 29.80 32.30 34.80
24.0 16.80 18.60 20.40 39.0 30.10 32.70 35.20
24.5 17.30 19.10 20.90 39.5 30.50 33.10 35.60
25.0 17.80 19.60 21.50 40.0 30.80 33.40 36.00
25.5 18.30 20.20 22.00 40.5 31.10 33.80 36.40
26.0 18.80 20.70 22.60 41.0 31.40 34.10 36.70
26.5 19.30 21.20 23.10 41.5 31.70 34.30 37.00
27.0 19.80 21.70 23.60

11-413
 Obstetrics References

AC(NICOLAIDES)
Reference

Reference: R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40

weeks’ gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

AC(cm)
GA(week) 95th
5th centile Median
centile
14 08.00 09.00 10.20
15 08.80 09.90 11.20
16 09.60 10.80 12.20
17 10.50 11.80 13.30
18 11.40 12.80 14.40
19 12.30 13.90 15.60
20 13.30 14.90 16.80
21 14.30 16.10 18.10
22 15.30 17.20 19.30
23 16.30 18.30 20.60
24 17.40 19.50 21.90
25 18.40 20.70 23.30
26 19.50 21.90 24.60
27 20.50 23.10 25.90
28 21.60 24.30 27.20
29 22.60 25.40 28.50
30 23.70 26.60 29.80
31 24.60 27.70 31.00
32 25.60 28.70 32.20
33 26.50 29.70 33.40
34 27.40 30.70 34.50
35 28.20 31.60 35.50
36 28.90 32.40 36.40
37 29.50 33.20 37.20
38 30.20 33.90 38.00
39 30.70 34.50 38.70

11-414
 Obstetrics References

AC(SHINOZUKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med
Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

AC(cm)
GA(weeks)
-1.64SD Mean +1.64SD
16 09.30 10.90 12.50
17 10.30 12.00 13.60
18 11.20 13.00 14.70
19 12.20 14.00 15.80
20 13.10 15.10 16.90
21 14.00 16.10 18.00
22 15.00 17.10 19.10
23 15.90 18.10 20.20
24 16.80 19.10 21.20
25 17.70 20.10 22.30
26 18.60 21.00 23.30
27 19.50 22.00 24.40
28 20.30 22.90 25.40
29 21.10 23.80 26.40
30 22.00 24.70 27.30
31 22.80 25.60 28.30
32 23.50 26.50 29.20
33 24.30 27.30 30.10
34 25.00 28.10 31.00
35 25.70 28.90 31.90
36 26.40 29.70 32.70
37 27.00 30.40 33.50
38 27.60 31.10 34.30
39 28.20 31.80 35.00
40 28.80 32.40 35.70
41 29.30 33.00 36.40
42 29.70 33.60 37.00

11-415
 Obstetrics References

AC(TOKYO)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry”
Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

AC(cm)
GA(weeks)
-1.64SD Mean +1.64SD
16 09.30 10.90 12.50
17 10.30 12.00 13.60
18 11.20 13.00 14.70
19 12.20 14.00 15.80
20 13.10 15.10 16.90
21 14.00 16.10 18.00
22 15.00 17.10 19.10
23 15.90 18.10 20.20
24 16.80 19.10 21.20
25 17.70 20.10 22.30
26 18.60 21.00 23.30
27 19.50 22.00 24.40
28 20.30 22.90 25.40
29 21.10 23.80 26.40
30 22.00 24.70 27.30
31 22.80 25.60 28.30
32 23.50 26.50 29.20
33 24.30 27.30 30.10
34 25.00 28.10 31.00
35 25.70 28.90 31.90
36 26.40 29.70 32.70
37 27.00 30.40 33.50
38 27.60 31.10 34.30
39 28.20 31.80 35.00
40 28.80 32.40 35.70
41 29.30 33.00 36.40
42 29.70 33.60 37.00

11-416
 Obstetrics References

AC(Kiserud)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

GA(weeks) AC(mm)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
10 29 30 31 34 37 40 44 46 48
11 38 39 41 44 47 51 55 57 59
12 47 49 51 54 58 62 67 69 72
13 57 59 61 65 69 74 79 82 84
14 68 70 72 76 81 86 91 94 97
15 78 80 83 87 93 98 103 107 110
16 89 91 94 99 104 110 116 119 122
17 100 102 105 110 116 122 128 132 135
18 111 113 116 122 128 134 141 144 148
19 122 124 128 133 140 146 153 157 160
20 132 135 139 144 151 158 165 169 173
21 143 146 150 156 163 170 177 182 185
22 154 157 160 167 174 182 189 194 198
23 164 167 171 178 186 194 201 206 210
24 174 178 182 189 197 205 213 218 222
25 185 188 192 200 208 217 225 230 234
26 195 198 203 210 219 228 236 241 246
27 204 208 213 221 230 239 248 253 258
28 214 218 223 231 240 250 259 265 269
29 224 228 233 241 251 261 270 276 281
30 233 238 243 251 261 272 281 287 293
31 243 247 252 261 272 282 292 298 304
32 252 256 262 271 282 293 303 310 315
33 261 266 271 281 292 303 314 321 326
34 270 275 280 290 302 314 325 332 338
35 279 284 290 300 312 324 335 342 349
36 287 292 299 309 321 334 346 353 360
37 296 301 308 318 331 344 356 364 371
38 304 310 316 328 341 354 367 375 381
39 313 318 325 337 350 364 377 385 392
40 321 327 334 346 360 374 387 396 403

11-417
 Obstetrics References

APAD(MERZ)
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA APAD(cm) GA APAD(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 1.50 1.90 2.30 27.5 6.40 7.00 7.60
13.0 1.70 2.10 2.50 28.0 6.50 7.20 7.80
13.5 1.80 2.30 2.70 28.5 6.70 7.30 8.00
14.0 2.00 2.40 2.80 29.0 6.80 7.50 8.10
14.5 2.20 2.60 3.00 29.5 7.00 7.60 8.30
15.0 2.30 2.80 3.20 30.0 7.10 7.80 8.50
15.5 2.50 2.90 3.40 30.5 7.30 7.90 8.60
16.0 2.70 3.10 3.60 31.0 7.40 8.10 8.80
16.5 2.80 3.30 3.70 31.5 7.60 8.20 8.90
17.0 3.00 3.50 3.90 32.0 7.70 8.40 9.10
17.5 3.20 3.60 4.10 32.5 7.80 8.50 9.30
18.0 3.30 3.80 4.30 33.0 8.00 8.70 9.40
18.5 3.50 4.00 4.50 33.5 8.10 8.80 9.60
19.0 3.70 4.20 4.70 34.0 8.30 9.00 9.70
19.5 3.80 4.30 4.80 34.5 8.40 9.10 9.90
20.0 4.00 4.50 5.00 35.0 8.50 9.30 10.00
20.5 4.20 4.70 5.20 35.5 8.70 9.40 10.20
21.0 4.30 4.80 5.40 36.0 8.80 9.60 10.30
21.5 4.50 5.00 5.50 36.5 8.90 9.70 10.50
22.0 4.60 5.20 5.70 37.0 9.00 9.80 10.60
22.5 4.80 5.40 5.90 37.5 9.20 10.00 10.70
23.0 5.00 5.50 6.10 38.0 9.30 10.10 10.90
23.5 5.10 5.70 6.30 38.5 9.40 10.20 11.00
24.0 5.30 5.90 6.40 39.0 9.50 10.30 11.10
24.5 5.40 6.00 6.60 39.5 9.60 10.50 11.30
25.0 5.60 6.20 6.80 40.0 9.70 10.60 11.40
25.5 5.70 6.30 6.90 40.5 9.80 10.70 11.50
26.0 5.90 6.50 7.10 41.0 9.90 10.80 11.60
26.5 6.10 6.70 7.30 41.5 10.00 10.90 11.70
27.0 6.20 6.80 7.50

11-418
 Obstetrics References

APTD(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann M. “Ultraschallbiometrie im II. und III. Trimester der

Schwangerschaft” Gynäkologe 9 (1976) 133

APTD(cm)
GA(weeks)
-2SD mean +2SD
14 2.25 2.25 2.25
15 2.21 2.58 2.95
16 2.45 2.85 3.25
17 2.61 3.11 3.61
18 3.02 3.46 3.90
19 3.25 3.75 4.25
20 3.40 4.00 4.60
21 3.76 4.34 4.92
22 4.04 4.65 5.26
23 4.20 4.90 5.60
24 4.35 5.15 5.95
25 4.68 5.48 6.28
26 4.95 5.80 6.65
27 5.30 6.15 7.00
28 5.43 6.39 7.35
29 5.70 6.70 7.70
30 6.01 7.01 8.01
31 6.10 7.25 8.40
32 6.52 7.62 8.72
33 6.81 7.93 9.05
34 6.90 8.15 9.40
35 7.08 8.40 9.72
36 7.40 8.75 10.10
37 7.62 9.02 10.42
38 7.90 9.30 10.70
39 8.06 9.53 11.00
40 8.16 9.68 11.20
41 8.32 9.84 11.35
42 8.41 9.91 11.40

11-419
 Obstetrics References

APTD x TTD(SHINOZUKA)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med
Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

APTDxTTD(cm2)
GA(weeks)
-1.64SD mean +1.64SD
16 07.0 11.2 15.5
17 08.7 13.3 18.0
18 10.5 15.6 20.7
19 12.5 18.1 23.6
20 14.7 20.8 26.8
21 17.1 23.6 30.2
22 19.6 26.7 33.8
23 22.2 29.9 37.5
24 25.0 33.2 41.5
25 27.9 36.7 45.6
26 30.9 40.3 49.8
27 33.9 44.1 54.2
28 37.1 47.9 58.7
29 40.3 51.8 63.3
30 43.5 55.7 68.0
31 46.8 59.7 72.7
32 50.0 63.8 77.6
33 53.3 67.8 82.4
34 56.6 71.9 87.3
35 59.7 75.9 92.2
36 62.8 79.9 97.0
37 65.9 83.9 101.9
38 68.8 87.7 106.7
39 71.6 91.5 111.4
40 74.3 95.1 116.0
41 76.8 98.6 120.5
42 79.1 102.0 124.8

11-420
 Obstetrics References

APTD x TTD(TOKYO)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Norio Shinozuka, Takashi Okai, Masahiko Mizuno Issued by Shindan & Tiryo
Sya Tokyo University, School of Medicine, OB/GYN dept.
“How to interpret OB/GYN ultrasound measurement data”; 80. Fetal
Measurement Obstetrics & Gynecology Chapter 56 Separate volume; 1989,
Oct. 27th Publication

50%

95%

5%

Input Unit: days

Output Unit: cm2
Range: 140 ~ 287 days (20w0d ~ 41w0d)

Table values are calculated with the equations above

GA APTDxTTD (cm2) GA APTDxTTD (cm2) GA APTDxTTD (cm2) GA APTDxTTD (cm2)

(days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95%

140 15.95 20.57 27.71 177 26.88 35.67 45.97 214 43.60 54.48 68.40 251 58.98 75.21 92.59

141 16.01 20.92 28.13 178 27.32 36.14 46.53 215 44.03 55.03 69.04 252 59.42 75.78 93.24

142 16.08 21.27 28.56 179 27.77 36.61 47.09 216 44.45 55.57 69.69 253 59.87 76.34 93.88

143 16.18 21.63 29.00 180 28.22 37.08 47.65 217 44.88 56.12 70.33 254 60.32 76.90 94.53

144 16.29 21.99 29.43 181 28.67 37.55 48.22 218 45.30 56.67 70.98 255 60.78 77.47 95.17

145 16.42 22.35 29.87 182 29.12 38.03 48.79 219 45.73 57.22 71.63 256 61.24 78.03 95.81

146 16.57 22.72 30.32 183 29.58 38.51 49.37 220 46.15 57.77 72.28 257 61.71 78.59 96.45

147 16.73 23.09 30.77 184 30.03 38.99 49.95 221 46.56 58.33 72.93 258 62.19 79.15 97.09

148 16.91 23.46 31.22 185 30.49 39.47 50.53 222 46.98 58.88 73.58 259 62.67 79.71 97.73

149 17.11 23.84 31.68 186 30.95 39.96 51.11 223 47.40 59.44 74.24 260 63.16 80.26 98.36

150 17.32 24.22 32.14 187 31.41 40.45 51.70 224 47.81 59.99 74.89 261 63.66 80.82 99.00

151 17.54 24.60 32.60 188 31.87 40.94 52.29 225 48.22 60.55 75.54 262 64.17 81.38 99.63

152 17.78 24.99 33.07 189 32.33 41.43 52.88 226 48.63 61.11 76.20 263 64.68 81.93 100.25

153 18.03 25.38 33.54 190 32.79 41.93 53.47 227 49.04 61.67 76.86 264 65.20 82.48 100.88

154 18.30 25.77 34.02 191 33.26 42.43 54.07 228 49.45 62.23 77.51 265 65.74 83.04 101.50

155 18.57 26.17 34.50 192 33.72 42.93 54.67 229 49.86 62.79 78.17 266 66.28 83.59 102.13

156 18.86 26.57 34.98 193 34.18 43.44 55.27 230 50.27 63.35 78.83 267 66.83 84.13 102.74

157 19.16 26.97 35.47 194 34.64 43.94 55.87 231 50.68 63.91 79.48 268 67.40 84.68 103.36

11-421
 Obstetrics References

158 19.47 27.38 35.96 195 35.1 44.45 56.48 232 51.08 64.47 80.14 269 67.97 85.23 103.97

159 19.79 27.78 36.46 196 35.56 44.96 57.09 233 51.49 65.04 80.80 270 68.56 85.77 104.58

160 20.13 28.20 36.96 197 36.02 45.47 57.70 234 51.89 65.60 81.46 271 69.15 86.31 105.19

161 20.47 28.61 37.46 198 36.48 45.99 58.31 235 52.30 66.17 82.11 272 69.77 86.85 105.80

162 20.82 29.03 37.96 199 36.93 46.50 58.93 236 52.71 66.73 82.77 273 70.39 87.39 106.40

163 21.17 29.45 38.47 200 37.39 47.02 59.55 237 53.11 67.30 83.43 274 71.03 87.93 107.00

164 21.54 29.88 38.99 201 37.84 47.54 60.17 238 53.52 67.86 84.09 275 71.68 88.46 107.59

165 21.92 30.31 39.50 202 38.30 48.07 60.79 239 53.93 68.43 84.75 276 72.34 88.99 108.18

166 22.30 30.74 40.02 203 38.75 48.59 61.41 240 54.34 68.99 85.40 277 73.03 89.52 108.77

167 22.69 31.17 40.55 204 39.20 49.12 62.04 241 54.75 69.56 86.06 278 73.72 90.05 109.36

168 23.08 31.61 41.07 205 39.65 49.65 62.67 242 55.16 70.12 86.72 279 74.44 90.58 109.94

169 23.48 32.05 41.60 206 40.09 50.18 63.30 243 55.57 70.69 87.37 280 75.17 91.10 110.51

170 23.89 32.49 42.14 207 40.54 50.71 63.93 244 55.99 71.26 88.03 281 75.91 91.62 111.09

171 24.30 32.94 42.67 208 40.98 51.24 64.56 245 56.41 71.82 88.68 282 76.68 92.14 111.66

172 24.72 33.38 43.21 209 41.42 51.78 65.20 246 56.83 72.39 89.34 283 77.46 92.65 112.22

173 25.15 33.84 43.76 210 41.86 52.32 65.83 247 57.25 72.95 89.99 284 78.27 93.17 112.78

174 25.57 34.29 44.31 211 42.30 52.86 66.47 248 57.68 73.52 90.64 285 79.09 93.68 113.34

175 26.01 34.75 44.86 212 42.73 53.40 67.11 249 58.11 74.09 91.29 286 79.93 94.18 113.89

176 26.44 35.21 45.41 213 43.17 53.94 67.75 250 58.54 74.65 91.94 287 80.80 94.69 114.44

11-422
 Obstetrics References

BOD(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Dramaix-Wilmet M., Van Gansbeke D., Van Regemorter N.,
Rodesch F. “Fetal ocular biometry by ultrasound” Radiology 143(2):
513-516; May 1982

BOD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 1.1 1.6 2.0
13 1.4 1.8 2.3
14 1.6 2.0 2.5
15 1.8 2.3 2.7
16 2.0 2.5 2.9
17 2.2 2.7 3.1
18 2.4 2.9 3.3
19 2.6 3.1 3.5
20 2.8 3.3 3.7
21 3.0 3.5 3.9
22 3.2 3.6 4.1
23 3.4 3.8 4.3
24 3.5 4.0 4.4
25 3.7 4.2 4.6
26 3.9 4.3 4.7
27 4.0 4.5 4.9
28 4.2 4.6 5.1
29 4.3 4.8 5.2
30 4.5 4.9 5.3
31 4.6 5.0 5.5
32 4.7 5.2 5.6
33 4.9 5.3 5.7
34 5.0 5.4 5.8
35 5.1 5.5 6.0
36 5.2 5.6 6.1
37 5.3 5.7 6.2
38 5.4 5.8 6.3
39 5.5 5.9 6.4
40 5.6 6.0 6.4

11-423
 Obstetrics References

BPD(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

BPD(cm)
GA(weeks)
mean ±2SD
11 1.6 0.2
12 2.0 0.4
13 2.4 0.4
14 2.8 0.4
15 3.1 0.4
16 3.6 0.5
17 3.9 0.5
18 4.2 0.4
19 4.5 0.5
20 4.7 0.4
21 4.9 0.4
22 5.2 0.5
23 5.7 0.5
24 6.0 0.6
25 6.4 0.6
26 6.7 0.4
27 6.8 0.5
28 7.2 0.4
29 7.5 0.4
30 7.6 0.4
31 8.0 0.6
32 8.1 0.4
33 8.4 0.6
34 8.6 0.6
35 8.8 0.65
36 9.0 0.6

11-424
 Obstetrics References

37 9.2 0.65

11
38 9.3 0.6

Safety and Regulatory Information

39 9.5 0.8
40 9.6 0.8
41 9.8 0.8

11-425
 Obstetrics References

BPD(CFEF)
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

Input Unit: GA [week]

Output Unit: Percentile [mm]
Min Range: 11 weeks
Max Range: 41 weeks

GA BPD(mm)
(weeks) 3% 10% 50% 90% 97%
11 12.08 13.12 15.36 17.60 18.63
12 15.81 16.96 19.40 21.81 22.92
13 19.47 20.71 23.30 25.92 27.12
14 23.05 24.36 27.14 29.92 31.23
15 26.56 27.93 30.89 33.82 35.23
16 29.97 31.41 34.53 37.62 39.08
17 33.32 34.85 38.12 41.35 42.87
18 36.55 38.15 41.58 44.97 46.56
19 39.76 41.46 45.00 48.52 50.18
20 42.85 44.56 48.22 51.90 53.64
21 45.86 47.66 51.43 55.23 57.00
22 48.79 50.61 54.53 58.44 60.30
23 51.63 53.48 57.51 61.54 63.45
24 54.38 56.31 60.42 64.57 66.50
25 57.04 59.0 63.25 67.48 69.42
26 59.62 61.64 65.94 70.24 72.27
27 62.12 64.15 68.55 72.92 75.00
28 64.50 66.61 71.03 75.52 77.60
29 66.84 68.98 73.50 77.97 80.09
30 69.07 71.21 75.80 80.37 82.52
31 71.22 73.39 78.00 82.63 84.80
32 73.30 75.49 80.16 84.80 87.00
33 75.24 77.46 82.14 86.84 89.04

11-426
 Obstetrics References

34 77.14 79.36 84.07 88.80 91.00

11
35 78.94 81.14 85.90 90.61 92.83

Safety and Regulatory Information

36 80.64 82.88 87.61 92.35 94.56
37 82.27 84.50 89.24 93.97 96.19
38 83.78 86.00 90.70 95.42 97.66
39 85.22 87.43 92.10 96.86 99.05
40 86.57 88.78 93.45 98.13 100.31
41 87.00 89.00 94.00 99.00 101.00

11-427
 Obstetrics References

BPD(CHITTY)
Reference

Chitty,L.S., Altman,D.G., Henderson,A., Campbell,S.,” Charts of fetal size: 2.

Head measurements” Br.J Obstet Gynaecol., Vol. 101 No. 1, 1994, pages
35-43.

Outer-outer measurement
NOTE

BPD (cm)
GA(Week) 97th
3th centile Median
centile
12 1.55 1.97 2.39
13 1.92 2.35 2.78
14 2.29 2.73 3.17
15 2.65 3.10 3.56
16 3.01 3.47 3.94
17 3.36 3.83 4.31
18 3.70 4.19 4.68
19 4.04 4.54 5.04
20 4.37 4.88 5.39
21 4.70 5.22 5.74
22 5.02 5.55 6.08
23 5.33 5.87 6.41
24 5.63 6.18 6.73
25 5.92 6.48 7.04
26 6.20 6.78 7.35
27 6.48 7.06 7.65
28 6.74 7.34 7.93
29 6.99 7.60 8.21
30 7.24 7.86 8.47
31 7.47 8.10 8.73
32 7.69 8.33 8.97
33 7.90 8.55 9.21
34 8.10 8.76 9.43

11-428
 Obstetrics References

35 8.29 8.96 9.63

11
36 8.46 9.15 9.83

Safety and Regulatory Information

37 8.62 9.32 10.01
38 8.77 9.48 10.18
39 8.90 9.62 10.34
40 9.02 9.75 10.48
41 9.13 9.87 10.61
42 9.22 9.97 10.72

11-429
 Obstetrics References

BPD(HADLOCK)
Reference

Hadlock F.P., Deter R.L.; Harrist R.B., Park S.K.

“Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth
Parameters” Radiology 1984; 152: 497-501

BPD = – 3.08 + 0.41 × GA – 0.000061 × GA³

Input Unit: w (week)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 0.30 cm

corresponds to: 16% ~ 84% (-0.30cm ~ +0.30cm)

GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD

(weeks) (cm) (weeks) (cm) (weeks) (cm)
12.0 1.70 21.5 5.10 31.0 7.80
12.5 1.90 22.0 5.30 31.5 7.90
13.0 2.10 22.5 5.50 32.0 8.10
13.5 2.30 23.0 5.60 32.5 8.20
14.0 2.50 23.5 5.80 33.0 8.30
14.5 2.70 24.0 5.90 33.5 8.40
15.0 2.90 24.5 6.10 34.0 8.50
15.5 3.10 25.0 6.20 34.5 8.60
16.0 3.20 25.5 6.40 35.0 8.70
16.5 3.40 26.0 6.50 35.5 8.80
17.0 3.60 26.5 6.70 36.0 8.90
17.5 3.80 27.0 6.80 36.5 8.90
18.0 3.90 27.5 6.90 37.0 9.00
18.5 4.10 28.0 7.10 37.5 9.10
19.0 4.30 28.5 7.20 38.0 9.20
19.5 4.50 29.0 7.30 38.5 9.20
20.0 4.60 29.5 7.50 39.0 9.30
20.5 4.80 30.0 7.60 39.5 9.40
21.0 5.00 30.5 7.70 40.0 9.40

11-430
 Obstetrics References

BPD(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986. p.432

BPD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 2.00 2.00 2.00
13 1.90 2.40 2.90
14 2.30 2.80 3.20
15 2.70 3.20 3.50
16 3.10 3.50 3.90
17 3.40 3.80 4.20
18 3.80 4.20 4.60
19 4.10 4.60 5.00
20 4.40 4.90 5.30
21 4.80 5.20 5.70
22 5.10 5.60 6.00
23 5.40 5.90 6.40
24 5.70 6.20 6.70
25 6.00 6.50 7.10
26 6.30 6.80 7.40
27 6.60 7.10 7.70
28 6.80 7.40 8.00
29 7.10 7.70 8.30
30 7.30 8.00 8.60
31 7.50 8.20 8.80
32 7.80 8.50 9.10
33 8.00 8.70 9.30
34 8.20 8.90 9.50
35 8.40 9.10 9.70
36 8.60 9.30 9.90
37 8.80 9.50 10.10
38 8.90 9.60 10.20
39 9.00 9.80 10.40
40 9.20 9.90 10.50
41 9.30 10.00 10.60

11-431
 Obstetrics References

BPD(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Bracken M., Cantraine F.
“A longitudinal Study of fetal head biometry” American Journal of
Perinatology; Volume1; Number; January 1984; pages 118-128

BPD = – 19.634 + 3.0209 × GA + 0.042134 × GA² – 0.0011756 × GA³

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

BPD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
10 0.90 1.40 1.80
11 1.30 1.70 2.20
12 1.60 2.10 2.50
13 2.00 2.40 2.90
14 2.30 2.80 3.20
15 2.70 3.10 3.60
16 3.00 3.50 3.90
17 3.40 3.80 4.30
18 3.70 4.20 4.60
19 4.00 4.50 4.90
20 4.40 4.80 5.30
21 4.70 5.10 5.60
22 5.00 5.50 5.90
23 5.30 5.80 6.20
24 5.60 6.10 6.50
25 5.90 6.40 6.80
26 6.20 6.70 7.10
27 6.50 7.00 7.40
28 6.80 7.20 7.70
29 7.00 7.50 7.90
30 7.30 7.70 8.20
31 7.50 7.90 8.40

11-432
 Obstetrics References

32 7.70 8.20 8.60

11
33 7.90 8.40 8.80

Safety and Regulatory Information

34 8.10 8.60 9.00
35 8.30 8.70 9.20
36 8.40 8.90 9.30
37 8.60 9.00 9.50
38 8.70 9.10 9.60
39 8.80 9.30 9.70
40 8.90 9.30 9.80

11-433
 Obstetrics References

BPD(JSUM)
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

Age BPD (cm)

(weeks) -1 SD Mean +1 SD
11 1.36 1.59 1.82
12 1.69 1.93 2.17
13 2.03 2.27 2.52
14 2.36 2.61 2.86
15 2.69 2.95 3.21
16 3.03 3.29 3.55
17 3.36 3.63 3.90
18 3.69 3.96 4.23
19 4.02 4.30 4.58
20 4.34 4.62 4.90
21 4.66 4.95 5.24
22 4.96 5.26 5.56
23 5.27 5.57 5.87
24 5.57 5.88 6.19
25 5.86 6.17 6.48
26 6.14 6.46 6.78
27 6.42 6.74 7.06
28 6.68 7.01 7.34
29 6.93 7.26 7.60
30 7.17 7.51 7.85
31 7.39 7.74 8.09
32 7.61 7.96 8.31
33 7.81 8.17 8.53
34 8.00 8.36 8.72
35 8.16 8.53 8.90
36 8.32 8.69 9.06
37 8.45 8.83 9.21

11-434
 Obstetrics References

38 8.58 8.96 9.35

11
39 8.67 9.06 9.45

Safety and Regulatory Information

40 8.75 9.15 9.55
41 8.82 9.22 9.62
42 8.85 9.26 9.67

11-435
 Obstetrics References

BPD(KURMANAVICIUS)
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

BPD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 1.70 2.10 2.50
13 2.08 2.49 2.90
14 2.45 2.87 3.29
15 2.82 3.25 3.68
16 3.18 3.62 4.06
17 3.53 3.99 4.44
18 3.88 4.35 4.81
19 4.22 4.70 5.17
20 4.56 5.04 5.53
21 4.88 5.38 5.88
22 5.20 5.71 6.22
23 5.51 6.03 6.55
24 5.81 6.34 6.87
25 6.11 6.65 7.19
26 6.39 6.94 7.49
27 6.66 7.22 7.78
28 6.92 7.49 8.07
29 7.17 7.76 8.34
30 7.41 8.01 8.60
31 7.64 8.25 8.85
32 7.86 8.47 9.09
33 8.06 8.69 9.31
34 8.25 8.89 9.53
35 8.43 9.08 9.73
36 8.60 9.26 9.91
37 8.75 9.42 10.09
38 8.89 9.57 10.25

11-436
 Obstetrics References

39 9.01 9.70 10.39

11
40 9.12 9.82 10.52

Safety and Regulatory Information

41 9.21 9.92 10.63
42 9.29 10.01 10.73

11-437
 Obstetrics References

BPD(LESSOWAY)
Reference

Lessoway,V.A., Schulzer,M., Wittmann,B.K., Gagnon,F.A., Wilson,R.D.,”

Ultrasound fetal biometry charts for a North American Caucasian
population”, J Clin.Ultrasound, Vol. 26, No. 9, 1998, pages 433-453.

Input Unit: weeks + days

Output Unit: mm
Min Range: 12 weeks 0 days
Max Range: 42 weeks 0 days

GA BPD(mm) GA BPD(mm) GA BPD(mm) GA BPD(mm)

(Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90%

12w0d 17.4 20.3 23.9 20w0d 43.2 47.1 50.8 28w0d 67.4 72.0 76.6 36w0d 84.2 88.9 94.2

12w1d 17.9 20.8 24.4 20w1d 43.6 47.6 51.3 28w1d 67.9 72.4 77.0 36w1d 84.4 89.1 94.4

12w2d 18.3 21.3 24.9 20w2d 44.0 48.0 51.8 28w2d 68.3 72.8 77.4 36w2d 84.6 89.3 94.7

12w3d 18.8 21.7 25.3 20w3d 44.5 48.5 52.3 28w3d 68.7 73.2 77.8 36w3d 84.8 89.5 94.9

12w4d 19.3 22.2 25.8 20w4d 44.9 48.9 52.8 28w4d 69.1 73.5 78.2 36w4d 85.0 89.7 95.1

12w5d 19.7 22.7 26.3 20w5d 45.3 49.4 53.3 28w5d 69.5 73.9 78.5 36w5d 85.1 89.9 95.3

12w6d 20.2 23.2 26.7 20w6d 45.7 49.8 53.8 28w6d 69.9 74.3 78.9 36w6d 85.3 90.1 95.5

13w0d 20.7 23.7 27.2 21w0d 46.1 50.3 54.2 29w0d 70.3 74.7 79.3 37w0d 85.5 90.3 95.7

13w1d 21.2 24.2 27.7 21w1d 46.5 50.8 54.7 29w1d 70.7 75.0 79.6 37w1d 85.7 90.5 95.9

13w2d 21.6 24.7 28.2 21w2d 46.9 51.2 55.2 29w2d 71.0 75.4 80.0 37w2d 85.8 90.7 96.1

13w3d 22.1 25.2 28.6 21w3d 47.3 51.7 55.7 29w3d 71.4 75.8 80.3 37w3d 86.0 90.8 96.3

13w4d 22.6 25.7 29.1 21w4d 47.8 52.1 56.2 29w4d 71.8 76.1 80.7 37w4d 86.1 91.0 96.5

13w5d 23.1 26.2 29.6 21w5d 48.2 52.6 56.7 29w5d 72.2 76.5 81.1 37w5d 86.3 91.2 96.7

13w6d 23.6 26.7 30.1 21w6d 48.6 53.1 57.2 29w6d 72.5 76.8 81.4 37w6d 86.4 91.4 96.8

14w0d 24.1 27.1 30.6 22w0d 49.0 53.5 57.7 30w0d 72.9 77.2 81.8 38w0d 86.6 91.5 97.0

14w1d 24.6 27.7 31.1 22w1d 49.5 54.0 58.2 30w1d 73.3 77.5 82.1 38w1d 86.8 91.7 97.2

14w2d 25.1 28.2 31.5 22w2d 49.9 54.5 58.7 30w2d 73.6 77.9 82.5 38w2d 86.9 91.8 97.3

14w3d 25.6 28.7 32.0 22w3d 50.3 54.9 59.2 30w3d 74.0 78.2 82.8 38w3d 87.0 92.0 97.5

14w4d 26.1 29.2 32.5 22w4d 50.8 55.4 59.6 30w4d 74.3 78.6 83.2 38w4d 87.2 92.2 97.6

14w5d 26.6 29.7 33.0 22w5d 51.2 55.9 60.1 30w5d 74.7 78.9 83.5 38w5d 87.3 92.3 97.7

14w6d 27.1 30.2 33.5 22w6d 51.7 56.3 60.6 30w6d 75.0 79.2 83.8 38w6d 87.4 92.5 97.9

15w0d 27.6 30.7 34.0 23w0d 52.1 56.8 61.1 31w0d 75.3 79.6 84.2 39w0d 87.6 92.6 98.0

15w1d 28.1 31.2 34.5 23w1d 52.5 57.3 61.6 31w1d 75.7 79.9 84.5 39w1d 87.7 92.8 98.1

15w2d 28.6 31.7 35.0 23w2d 53.0 57.7 62.1 31w2d 76.0 80.2 84.8 39w2d 87.8 92.9 98.3

15w3d 29.1 32.2 35.4 23w3d 53.4 58.2 62.6 31w3d 76.3 80.5 85.2 39w3d 88.0 93.1 98.4

15w4d 29.6 32.7 35.9 23w4d 53.9 58.7 63.1 31w4d 76.6 80.9 85.5 39w4d 88.1 93.2 98.5

11-438
 Obstetrics References

15w5d 30.0 33.2 36.4 23w5d 54.3 59.1 63.5 31w5d 76.9 81.2 85.8 39w5d 88.2 93.4 98.6

11
15w6d 30.5 33.7 36.9 23w6d 54.8 59.6 64.0 31w6d 77.2 81.5 86.1 39w6d 88.3 93.5 98.7

Safety and Regulatory Information

16w0d 31.0 34.2 37.4 24w0d 55.2 60.0 64.5 32w0d 77.5 81.8 86.4 40w0d 88.5 93.7 98.8

16w1d 31.5 34.7 37.8 24w1d 55.7 60.5 65.0 32w1d 77.8 82.1 86.8 40w1d 88.6 93.8 98.9

16w2d 32.0 35.1 38.3 24w2d 56.1 60.9 65.4 32w2d 78.1 82.4 87.1 40w2d 88.8 94.0 99.0

16w3d 32.5 35.6 38.8 24w3d 56.6 61.4 65.9 32w3d 78.4 82.7 87.4 40w3d 88.9 94.1 99.1

16w4d 32.9 36.1 39.3 24w4d 57.0 61.8 66.4 32w4d 78.7 83.0 87.7 40w4d 89.0 94.3 99.2

16w5d 33.4 36.6 39.8 24w5d 57.5 62.3 66.9 32w5d 79.0 83.3 88.0 40w5d 89.2 94.4 99.3

16w6d 33.9 37.1 40.2 24w6d 57.9 62.7 67.3 32w6d 79.2 83.6 88.3 40w6d 89.3 94.6 99.4

17w0d 34.3 37.5 40.7 25w0d 58.3 63.2 67.8 33w0d 79.5 83.8 88.6 41w0d 89.4 94.7 99.5

17w1d 34.8 38.0 41.2 25w1d 58.8 63.6 68.2 33w1d 79.8 84.1 88.9 41w1d 89.6 94.8 99.6

17w2d 35.2 38.5 41.7 25w2d 59.2 64.1 68.7 33w2d 80.0 84.4 89.2 41w2d 89.7 95.0 99.7

17w3d 35.7 38.9 42.2 25w3d 59.7 64.5 69.1 33w3d 80.3 84.7 89.4 41w3d 89.9 95.1 99.8

17w4d 36.1 39.4 42.6 25w4d 60.1 64.9 69.6 33w4d 80.5 84.9 89.7 41w4d 90.0 95.3 99.9

17w5d 36.6 39.9 43.1 25w5d 60.5 65.4 70.0 33w5d 80.8 85.2 90.0 41w5d 90.2 95.4 100.0

17w6d 37.0 40.3 43.6 25w6d 61.0 65.8 70.5 33w6d 81.0 85.4 90.3 41w6d 90.3 95.5 100.1

18w0d 37.4 40.8 44.1 26w0d 61.4 66.2 70.9 34w0d 81.3 85.7 90.6 42w0d 90.4 95.7 100.2

18w1d 37.9 41.2 44.5 26w1d 61.9 66.7 71.3 34w1d 81.5 86.0 90.9

18w2d 38.3 41.7 45.0 26w2d 62.3 67.1 71.8 34w2d 81.7 86.2 91.1

18w3d 38.7 42.2 45.5 26w3d 62.8 67.5 72.2 34w3d 82.0 86.4 91.4

18w4d 39.1 42.6 46.0 26w4d 63.2 67.9 72.6 34w4d 82.2 86.7 91.7

18w5d 39.5 43.1 46.5 26w5d 63.6 68.3 73.0 34w5d 82.4 86.9 91.9

18w6d 40.0 43.5 46.9 26w6d 64.1 68.8 73.4 34w6d 82.6 87.2 92.2

19w0d 40.4 44.0 47.4 27w0d 64.5 69.2 73.9 35w0d 82.8 87.4 92.5

19w1d 40.8 44.4 47.9 27w1d 64.9 69.6 74.3 35w1d 83.0 87.6 92.7

19w2d 41.2 44.9 48.4 27w2d 65.3 70.0 74.7 35w2d 83.2 87.8 93.0

19w3d 41.6 45.3 48.9 27w3d 65.8 70.4 75.1 35w3d 83.4 88.1 93.2

19w4d 42.0 45.8 49.3 27w4d 66.2 70.8 75.5 35w4d 83.6 88.3 93.5

19w5d 42.4 46.2 49.8 27w5d 66.6 71.2 75.9 35w5d 83.8 88.5 93.7

19w6d 42.8 46.7 50.3 27w6d 67.0 71.6 76.3 35w6d 84.0 88.7 94.0

11-439
 Obstetrics References

BPD(MARSAL)
GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD GA BPD
(d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm)
49 3.0 109 33.8 151 52.5 193 71.2 235 86.8 277 95.1
51 4.0 110 34.2 152 53.0 194 71.6 236 87.0 278 95.2
53 5.0 111 34.6 153 53.4 195 72.0 237 87.3 279 95.3
55 6.0 112 35.0 154 53.8 196 72.5 238 87.5 280 95.4
57 7.0 113 35.5 155 54.2 197 73.0 239 87.8 281 95.5
59 8.0 114 36.0 156 54.6 198 73.5 240 88.0 282 95.6
61 9.0 115 36.5 157 55.0 199 74.0 241 88.3 283 95.7
63 10.0 116 37.0 158 55.5 200 74.4 242 88.5 284 95.8
66 11.0 117 37.4 159 56.0 201 74.8 243 88.8 285 95.9
68 12.0 118 37.8 160 56.5 202 75.2 244 89.0 286 96.0
70 13.0 119 38.2 161 57.0 203 75.6 245 89.2 287 96.1
72 14.0 120 38.6 162 57.5 204 76.0 246 89.4 288 96.2
74 15.0 121 39.0 163 58.0 205 76.5 247 89.6 289 96.3
77 16.0 122 39.5 164 58.4 206 77.0 248 89.8 290 96.3
79 17.0 123 40.0 165 58.8 207 77.5 249 90.0 291 96.4
81 18.0 124 40.5 166 59.2 208 78.0 250 90.2 292 96.5
83 19.0 125 41.0 167 59.6 209 78.4 251 90.4 293 96.6
84 19.6 126 41.4 168 60.0 210 78.8 252 90.6 294 96.7
85 20.3 127 41.8 169 60.5 211 79.2 253 90.8 295 96.8
86 20.9 128 42.2 170 61.0 212 79.6 254 91.0 296 96.85
87 21.5 129 42.6 171 61.5 213 80.0 255 91.2 297 96.9
88 22.0 130 43.0 172 62.0 214 80.3 256 91.4 298 96.93
89 22.6 131 43.5 173 62.4 215 80.7 257 91.6 299 96.96
90 23.2 132 44.0 174 62.8 216 81.0 258 91.8 300 97.0
91 23.9 133 44.5 175 63.2 217 81.3 259 92.0
92 24.5 134 45.0 176 63.6 218 81.7 260 92.2
93 25.0 135 45.4 177 64.0 219 82.0 261 92.4
94 26.0 136 45.8 178 64.5 220 82.3 262 92.6
95 26.5 137 46.2 179 65.0 221 82.7 263 92.8
96 27.0 138 46.6 180 65.5 222 83.0 264 93.0
97 28.0 139 47.0 181 66.0 223 83.3 265 93.2
98 28.5 140 47.5 182 66.4 224 83.7 266 93.4
99 29.0 141 48.0 183 66.8 225 84.0 267 93.6
100 29.5 142 48.5 184 67.2 226 84.3 268 93.8

11-440
 Obstetrics References

101 30.0 143 49.0 185 67.6 227 84.7 269 94.0

11
102 30.5 144 49.4 186 68.0 228 85.0 270 94.2

Safety and Regulatory Information

103 31.0 145 49.8 187 68.5 229 85.3 271 94.4
104 31.5 146 50.2 188 69.0 230 85.5 272 94.6
105 32.0 147 50.6 189 69.5 231 85.8 273 94.7
106 32.5 148 51.0 190 70.0 232 86.0 274 94.8
107 33.0 149 51.5 191 70.4 233 86.3 275 94.9
108 33.4 150 52.0 192 70.8 234 86.6 276 95.0

11-441
 Obstetrics References

BPD(MERZ)
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA BPD(cm) GA BPD(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 2.10 2.50 2.90 27.5 6.80 7.30 7.80
13.0 2.30 2.60 3.00 28.0 6.90 7.40 7.90
13.5 2.40 2.80 3.10 28.5 7.10 7.60 8.10
14.0 2.50 2.90 3.30 29.0 7.20 7.70 8.20
14.5 2.70 3.10 3.50 29.5 7.30 7.80 8.40
15.0 2.80 3.20 3.60 30.0 7.40 8.00 8.50
15.5 3.00 3.40 3.80 30.5 7.60 8.10 8.60
16.0 3.10 3.50 3.90 31.0 7.70 8.20 8.80
16.5 3.30 3.70 4.10 31.5 7.80 8.30 8.90
17.0 3.50 3.90 4.30 32.0 7.90 8.50 9.00
17.5 3.60 4.00 4.50 32.5 8.00 8.60 9.10
18.0 3.80 4.20 4.60 33.0 8.10 8.70 9.20
18.5 4.00 4.40 4.80 33.5 8.20 8.80 9.30
19.0 4.10 4.60 5.00 34.0 8.30 8.90 9.50
19.5 4.30 4.70 5.20 34.5 8.40 9.00 9.60
20.0 4.50 4.90 5.30 35.0 8.50 9.10 9.70
20.5 4.60 5.10 5.50 35.5 8.60 9.20 9.70
21.0 4.80 5.20 5.70 36.0 8.70 9.20 9.80
21.5 4.90 5.40 5.90 36.5 8.70 9.30 9.90
22.0 5.10 5.60 6.00 37.0 8.80 9.40 10.00
22.5 5.30 5.70 6.20 37.5 8.90 9.50 10.10
23.0 5.40 5.90 6.40 38.0 8.90 9.50 10.10
23.5 5.60 6.10 6.50 38.5 9.00 9.60 10.20
24.0 5.70 6.20 6.70 39.0 9.00 9.60 10.30
24.5 5.90 6.40 6.90 39.5 9.10 9.70 10.30
25.0 6.10 6.50 7.00 40.0 9.10 9.70 10.30
25.5 6.20 6.70 7.20 40.5 9.10 9.70 10.40
26.0 6.40 6.80 7.30 41.0 9.10 9.80 10.40
26.5 6.50 7.00 7.50 41.5 9.20 9.80 10.40
27.0 6.60 7.10 7.70

11-442
 Obstetrics References

BPD(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; ”Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

BPD (cm)
GA(Week) 95th
5th centile Median
centile
14 2.80 3.10 3.40
15 3.10 3.40 3.70
16 3.40 3.70 4.00
17 3.60 4.00 4.30
18 3.90 4.30 4.70
19 4.20 4.60 5.00
20 4.50 4.90 5.40
21 4.80 5.20 5.70
22 5.10 5.60 6.10
23 5.40 5.90 6.40
24 5.70 6.20 6.80
25 6.00 6.60 7.10
26 6.30 6.90 7.50
27 6.60 7.20 7.80
28 6.90 7.50 8.10
29 7.20 7.80 8.50
30 7.40 8.10 8.80
31 7.70 8.30 9.00
32 7.90 8.60 9.30
33 8.10 8.80 9.60
34 8.30 9.00 9.80
35 8.50 9.20 10.00
36 8.60 9.40 10.20
37 8.70 9.50 10.30
38 8.80 9.60 10.40
39 8.90 9.70 10.50

11-443
 Obstetrics References

BPD(OSAKA)
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

GA BPD(cm) GA BPD(cm) GA BPD(cm) GA BPD(cm)

(weeks) mean ±1.5SD (weeks) mean ±1.5SD (weeks) mean ±1.5SD (weeks) mean ±1.5SD

10w0d 1.33 0.29 17w5d 4.10 0.41 25w3d 6.51 0.50 33w1d 8.46 0.56
10w1d 1.38 0.29 17w6d 4.15 0.41 25w4d 6.55 0.50 33w2d 8.48 0.56
10w2d 1.44 0.29 18w0d 4.20 0.41 25w5d 6.59 0.50 33w3d 8.51 0.56
10w3d 1.50 0.29 18w1d 4.24 0.41 25w6d 6.63 0.50 33w4d 8.54 0.56
10w4d 1.55 0.29 18w2d 4.29 0.41 26w0d 6.67 0.50 33w5d 8.57 0.56
10w5d 1.61 0.29 18w3d 4.34 0.41 26w1d 6.71 0.50 33w6d 8.60 0.56
10w6d 1.66 0.30 18w4d 4.39 0.41 26w2d 6.75 0.50 34w0d 8.62 0.56
11w0d 1.72 0.30 18w5d 4.43 0.41 26w3d 6.80 0.50 34w1d 8.65 0.56
11w1d 1.77 0.30 18w6d 4.48 0.42 26w4d 6.84 0.50 34w2d 8.68 0.56
11w2d 1.83 0.30 19w0d 4.53 0.42 26w5d 6.88 0.50 34w3d 8.70 0.56
11w3d 1.88 0.30 19w1d 4.57 0.42 26w6d 6.92 0.51 34w4d 8.73 0.56
11w4d 1.93 0.30 19w2d 4.62 0.42 27w0d 6.95 0.51 34w5d 8.75 0.56
11w5d 1.99 0.32 19w3d 4.67 0.42 27w1d 6.99 0.51 34w6d 8.78 0.56
11w6d 2.04 0.32 19w4d 4.71 0.42 27w2d 7.03 0.51 35w0d 8.80 0.56
12w0d 2.09 0.32 19w5d 4.76 0.42 27w3d 7.07 0.51 35w1d 8.83 0.57
12w1d 2.15 0.32 19w6d 4.80 0.42 27w4d 7.11 0.51 35w2d 8.85 0.57
12w2d 2.2 0.32 20w0d 4.85 0.44 27w5d 7.15 0.51 35w3d 8.87 0.57
12w3d 2.25 0.32 20w1d 4.90 0.44 27w6d 7.19 0.51 35w4d 8.90 0.57
12w4d 2.31 0.32 20w2d 4.94 0.44 28w0d 7.23 0.51 35w5d 8.92 0.57
12w5d 2.36 0.33 20w3d 4.99 0.44 28w1d 7.27 0.51 35w6d 8.94 0.57
12w6d 2.41 0.33 20w4d 5.03 0.44 28w2d 7.30 0.51 36w0d 8.96 0.57
13w0d 2.46 0.33 20w5d 5.08 0.44 28w3d 7.34 0.51 36w1d 8.98 0.57
13w1d 2.52 0.33 20w6d 5.12 0.44 28w4d 7.38 0.53 36w2d 9.00 0.57
13w2d 2.57 0.33 21w0d 5.17 0.44 28w5d 7.42 0.53 36w3d 9.02 0.57
13w3d 2.62 0.33 21w1d 5.21 0.44 28w6d 7.45 0.53 36w4d 9.04 0.57
13w4d 2.67 0.35 21w2d 5.26 0.45 29w0d 7.49 0.53 36w5d 9.06 0.57
13w5d 2.72 0.35 21w3d 5.30 0.45 29w1d 7.53 0.53 36w6d 9.08 0.57
13w6d 2.77 0.35 21w4d 5.35 0.45 29w2d 7.56 0.53 37w0d 9.10 0.57
14w0d 2.82 0.35 21w5d 5.39 0.45 29w3d 7.60 0.53 37w1d 9.12 0.57
14w1d 2.87 0.35 21w6d 5.44 0.45 29w4d 7.64 0.53 37w2d 9.14 0.57
14w2d 2.93 0.35 22w0d 5.48 0.45 29w5d 7.67 0.53 37w3d 9.15 0.57
14w3d 2.98 0.35 22w1d 5.52 0.45 29w6d 7.71 0.53 37w4d 9.17 0.57

11-444
 Obstetrics References

14w4d 3.03 0.36 22w2d 5.57 0.45 30w0d 7.74 0.53 37w5d 9.18 0.57

11
14w5d 3.08 0.36 22w3d 5.61 0.45 30w1d 7.78 0.53 37w6d 9.20 0.57

Safety and Regulatory Information

14w6d 3.13 0.36 22w4d 5.66 0.47 30w2d 7.81 0.53 38w0d 9.21 0.57
15w0d 3.18 0.36 22w5d 5.70 0.47 30w3d 7.85 0.54 38w1d 9.23 0.57
15w1d 3.23 0.36 22w6d 5.74 0.47 30w4d 7.88 0.54 38w2d 9.24 0.57
15w2d 3.28 0.36 23w0d 5.79 0.47 30w5d 7.92 0.54 38w3d 9.26 0.59
15w3d 3.33 0.36 23w1d 5.83 0.47 30w6d 7.95 0.54 38w4d 9.27 0.59
15w4d 3.38 0.38 23w2d 5.87 0.47 31w0d 7.98 0.54 38w5d 9.28 0.59
15w5d 3.42 0.38 23w3d 5.92 0.47 31w1d 8.02 0.54 38w6d 9.29 0.59
15w6d 3.47 0.38 23w4d 5.96 0.47 31w2d 8.05 0.54 39w0d 9.30 0.59
16w0d 3.52 0.38 23w5d 6.00 0.47 31w3d 8.08 0.54 39w1d 9.31 0.59
16w1d 3.57 0.38 23w6d 6.05 0.48 31w4d 8.12 0.54 39w2d 9.32 0.59
16w2d 3.62 0.38 24w0d 6.09 0.48 31w5d 8.15 0.54 39w3d 9.33 0.59
16w3d 3.67 0.38 24w1d 6.13 0.48 31w6d 8.18 0.54 39w4d 9.34 0.59
16w4d 3.72 0.38 24w2d 6.17 0.48 32w0d 8.21 0.54 39w5d 9.35 0.59
16w5d 3.77 0.39 24w3d 6.22 0.48 32w1d 8.24 0.54 39w6d 9.36 0.59
16w6d 3.81 0.39 24w4d 6.26 0.48 32w2d 8.27 0.54 40w0d 9.36 0.59
17w0d 3.86 0.39 24w5d 6.30 0.48 32w3d 8.31 0.54
17w1d 3.91 0.39 24w6d 6.34 0.48 32w4d 8.34 0.56
17w2d 3.96 0.39 25w0d 6.39 0.48 32w5d 8.37 0.56
17w3d 4.01 0.39 25w1d 6.43 0.48 32w6d 8.40 0.56
17w4d 4.05 0.39 25w2d 6.47 0.50 33w0d 8.43 0.56

11-445
 Obstetrics References

BPD(SABBAGHA)
Reference

Sabbagha R.E., Barton B.A., Barton F.B., Kingas E., Orgill J., Turner J.H.
“Sonar biparietal diameter II. Predictive of three fetal growth patterns
leading to a closer assessment of gestational age and neonatal weight”
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology; October 15; 1976;
pp.485-490

BPD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
16 3.1 3.7 4.5
17 3.4 4.0 4.7
18 3.7 4.3 4.9
19 3.9 4.5 5.1
20 4.2 4.7 5.3
21 4.5 5.0 5.5
22 4.9 5.3 5.8
23 5.2 5.6 6.2
24 5.5 5.9 6.6
25 5.8 6.2 7.0
26 6.1 6.6 7.3
27 6.4 6.9 7.6
28 6.6 7.2 7.9
29 6.8 7.5 8.3
30 7.1 7.8 8.6
31 7.3 8.0 8.8
32 7.5 8.3 9.0
33 7.7 8.5 9.1
34 7.9 8.7 9.3
35 8.2 8.8 9.6
36 8.3 9.0 9.7
37 8.4 9.2 9.8
38 8.5 9.3 9.9
39 8.7 9.4 10.0
40 8.9 9.5 10.1

11-446
 Obstetrics References

BPD(SHINOZUKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med
Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

BPD(cm)
GA(weeks)
-1.64SD Mean +1.64SD
10 1.05 1.43 1.81
11 1.37 1.76 2.15
12 1.70 2.10 2.50
13 2.04 2.44 2.85
14 2.37 2.78 3.20
15 2.70 3.12 3.55
16 3.03 3.46 3.90
17 3.35 3.80 4.24
18 3.68 4.13 4.58
19 4.00 4.46 4.92
20 4.32 4.79 5.26
21 4.63 5.11 5.59
22 4.93 5.42 5.91
23 5.23 5.73 6.23
24 5.52 6.03 6.53
25 5.80 6.32 6.84
26 6.08 6.60 7.13
27 6.34 6.87 7.41
28 6.59 7.14 7.68
29 6.83 7.39 7.94
30 7.06 7.63 8.19
31 7.28 7.85 8.42
32 7.48 8.06 8.65
33 7.67 8.26 8.85
34 7.85 8.45 9.04
35 8.01 8.61 9.22
36 8.15 8.76 9.38

11-447
 Obstetrics References

37 8.27 8.90 9.52

38 8.38 9.01 9.65
39 8.46 9.11 9.75
40 8.53 9.18 9.84
41 8.58 9.24 9.90
42 8.60 9.28 9.95

11-448
 Obstetrics References

BPD(TOKYO)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Norio Shinozuka, Takashi Okai, Masahiko Mizuno Issued by Shindan & Tiryo
Sya Tokyo University, School of Medicine, OB/GYN dept.
“How to interpret OB/GYN ultrasound measurement data”; 80. Fetal
Measurement Obstetrics & Gynecology Chapter 56 Separate volume; 1989,
Oct. 27th Publication

Table values are derived from the graphs of the publication.

BPD(mm)
GA(days)
5% 50% 95%
84 13.88 19.58 24.55
91 17.61 22.99 27.60
98 21.26 26.41 30.74
105 24.83 29.82 33.97
112 28.31 33.20 37.27
119 31.70 36.54 40.62
126 35.00 39.86 43.99
133 38.22 43.14 47.38
140 41.35 46.37 50.77
147 44.39 49.56 54.15
154 47.35 52.70 57.49
161 50.22 55.78 60.79
168 53.00 58.80 64.03
175 55.69 61.75 67.20
182 58.30 64.63 70.28
189 60.83 67.42 73.27
196 63.26 70.13 76.14
203 65.61 72.75 78.90
210 67.87 75.27 81.53
217 70.05 77.68 84.01
224 72.14 79.97 86.35
231 74.14 82.14 88.53
238 76.05 84.18 90.54
245 77.88 86.07 92.37

11-449
 Obstetrics References

252 79.62 87.82 94.02

259 81.27 89.41 95.48
266 82.84 90.84 96.75
273 84.32 92.08 97.81
280 85.72 93.14 98.67
287 87.02 94.01 99.31

11-450
 Obstetrics References

BPD(EIK-NES 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no

GA(Days) BPD(mm) GA(Days) BPD(mm)

mean SD mean SD
168 61.559 2.205 235 88.363 2.963
169 62.021 2.213 236 88.637 2.985
170 62.486 2.222 237 88.907 3.008
171 62.955 2.231 238 89.174 3.031
172 63.427 2.243 239 89.438 3.055
173 63.901 2.255 240 89.698 3.078
174 64.377 2.27 241 89.956 3.101
175 64.854 2.287 242 90.211 3.123
176 65.333 2.305 243 90.463 3.145
177 65.813 2.325 244 90.712 3.165
178 66.293 2.345 245 90.959 3.184
179 66.773 2.366 246 91.203 3.203
180 67.253 2.386 247 91.444 3.22
181 67.733 2.407 248 91.683 3.236
182 68.211 2.426 249 91.92 3.252
183 68.688 2.444 250 92.154 3.267
184 69.164 2.46 251 92.385 3.281
185 69.637 2.475 252 92.614 3.295
186 70.108 2.488 253 92.84 3.308
187 70.577 2.501 254 93.064 3.321
188 71.043 2.512 255 93.285 3.333
189 71.506 2.523 256 93.503 3.344
190 71.966 2.534 257 93.719 3.356
191 72.422 2.545 258 93.932 3.367
192 72.875 2.556 259 94.142 3.379
193 73.323 2.568 260 94.35 3.39
194 73.768 2.58 261 94.555 3.402
195 74.209 2.591 262 94.757 3.413
196 74.646 2.602 263 94.956 3.424
197 75.078 2.613 264 95.153 3.434

11-451
 Obstetrics References

198 75.506 2.622 265 95.347 3.444

199 75.93 2.631 266 95.538 3.453
200 76.349 2.639 267 95.726 3.461
201 76.764 2.647 268 95.912 3.467
202 77.174 2.654 269 96.095 3.473
203 77.58 2.66 270 96.275 3.477
204 77.981 2.665 271 96.452 3.48
205 78.378 2.669 272 96.626 3.481
206 78.771 2.674 273 96.798 3.48
207 79.159 2.679 274 96.967 3.478
208 79.543 2.684 275 97.133 3.474
209 79.922 2.691 276 97.296 3.468
210 80.297 2.699 277 97.457 3.459
211 80.668 2.708 278 97.614 3.449
212 81.035 2.718 279 97.769 3.436
213 81.397 2.729 280 97.921 3.421
214 81.755 2.739 281 98.069 3.404
215 82.109 2.749 282 98.215 3.386
216 82.459 2.758 283 98.357 3.365
217 82.805 2.765 284 98.496 3.341
218 83.147 2.772 285 98.632 3.315
219 83.485 2.777 286 98.765 3.287
220 83.819 2.782 287 98.895 3.255
221 84.149 2.788 288 99.021 3.221
222 84.475 2.793 289 99.145 3.184
223 84.797 2.799 290 99.265 3.146
224 85.115 2.806 291 99.383 3.106
225 85.429 2.813 292 99.498 3.064
226 85.739 2.822 293 99.611 3.02
227 86.046 2.832 294 99.721 2.974
228 86.349 2.843 295 99.83 2.926
229 86.648 2.856 296 99.936 2.875
230 86.943 2.87 297 100.041 2.821
231 87.234 2.886 298 100.145 2.763
232 87.522 2.903 299 100.248 2.703
233 87.806 2.922 300 100.349 2.64
234 88.087 2.942 301 100.45 2.574

11-452
 Obstetrics References

BPD(Kiserud)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

GA(weeks) BPD(mm)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
10 11 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17
11 14 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
12 17 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25
13 20 20 21 22 24 25 27 28 28
14 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 32
15 27 27 28 29 31 33 34 35 36
16 30 31 31 33 35 36 38 39 40
17 33 34 35 36 38 40 42 43 44
18 37 38 38 40 42 44 45 46 47
19 40 41 42 43 45 47 49 50 51
20 44 44 45 47 49 51 52 54 55
21 47 48 49 50 52 54 56 57 58
22 50 51 52 53 55 57 59 60 62
23 53 54 55 57 59 61 63 64 65
24 56 57 58 60 62 64 66 67 68
25 59 60 61 63 65 67 69 70 71
26 62 63 64 66 68 70 72 73 74
27 64 65 66 68 71 73 75 76 77
28 67 68 69 71 73 76 78 79 80
29 69 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 83
30 72 73 74 76 78 81 83 84 86
31 74 75 76 78 81 83 86 87 88
32 76 77 78 81 83 86 88 89 91
33 78 79 80 83 85 88 90 92 93
34 80 81 82 85 87 90 93 94 95
35 82 83 84 87 89 92 95 96 98
36 83 85 86 88 91 94 97 98 100
37 85 86 88 90 93 96 98 100 102
38 86 88 89 92 95 98 100 102 103
39 88 89 91 93 96 99 102 104 105
40 89 91 92 95 98 101 104 105 107

11-453
 Obstetrics References

CLAV(YARKONI)
Reference

Yarkoni S., Schmidt W., Jeanty P., Reece A., Hobbins J.C.
“Clavicular Measurement: A New Biometric Parameter for Fetal Evaluation”
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 4:467-470, September 1985.

Clav = 0.1118303 + 0.09788639 × GA

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 15.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

Standard Deviation: 2.92 cm

Clav(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
15 1.10 1.60 2.10
16 1.20 1.70 2.20
17 1.30 1.80 2.30
18 1.40 1.90 2.40
19 1.50 2.00 2.50
20 1.60 2.10 2.60
21 1.70 2.20 2.70
22 1.80 2.30 2.80
23 1.90 2.40 2.90
24 2.00 2.50 3.00
25 2.10 2.60 3.10
26 2.20 2.70 3.20
27 2.30 2.80 3.30
28 2.40 2.90 3.40
29 2.50 3.00 3.50
30 2.60 3.10 3.60
31 2.70 3.20 3.70
32 2.80 3.30 3.80
33 2.90 3.40 3.90
34 3.00 3.50 4.00

11-454
 Obstetrics References

35 3.10 3.60 4.10

11
36 3.20 3.70 4.20

Safety and Regulatory Information

37 3.30 3.80 4.30
38 3.40 3.90 4.40
39 3.50 4.00 4.50
40 3.60 4.10 4.60

11-455
 Obstetrics References

CM(NICOLAIDES)
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

CM(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
14 1.9 3.5 5.3
15 2.1 3.8 5.7
16 2.4 4.1 6.0
17 2.6 4.3 6.3
18 2.8 4.6 6.6
19 3.1 4.9 6.9
20 3.3 5.1 7.2
21 3.5 5.4 7.5
22 3.7 5.6 7.7
23 3.9 5.8 8.0
24 4.1 6.0 8.2
25 4.3 6.2 8.5
26 4.4 6.4 8.7
27 4.6 6.6 8.9
28 4.7 6.8 9.1
29 4.9 6.9 9.3
30 5.0 7.0 9.4
31 5.1 7.2 9.6
32 5.2 7.3 9.7
33 5.3 7.4 9.8
34 5.3 7.5 9.9
35 5.4 7.5 10.0
36 5.4 7.6 10.0
37 5.4 7.6 10.1
38 5.5 7.6 10.1
39 5.5 7.6 10.1

11-456
 Obstetrics References

CRL(ASUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA(w+d) CRL(cm) GA(w+d) CRL(cm) GA(w+d) CRL(cm)

5w2d 0.1 8w3d 2.0 11w4d 5.2
5w3d 0.2 8w4d 2.1 11w5d 5.5
5w4d 0.3 8w5d 2.2 11w6d 5.6
5w5d 0.3 8w6d 2.2 12w0d 5.7
5w6d 0.4 9w0d 2.3 12w1d 5.8
6w0d 0.4 9w1d 2.4 12w2d 6.0
6w1d 0.5 9w2d 2.6 12w3d 6.1
6w2d 0.6 9w3d 2.7 12w4d 6.3
6w3d 0.7 9w4d 2.8 12w5d 6.4
6w4d 0.8 9w5d 2.9 12w6d 6.5
6w5d 0.9 9w6d 3.1 13w0d 6.8
6w6d 1.0 10w0d 3.4 13w1d 7.0
7w0d 1.1 10w1d 3.6 13w2d 7.2
7w1d 1.1 10w2d 3.7 13w3d 7.4
7w2d 1.2 10w3d 3.8 13w4d 7.6
7w3d 1.2 10w4d 3.9 13w5d 7.7
7w4d 1.3 10w5d 3.9 13w6d 8.0
7w5d 1.4 10w6d 4.0 14w0d 8.1
7w6d 1.5 11w0d 4.4 14w1d 8.4
8w0d 1.7 11w1d 4.5 14w2d 8.5
8w1d 1.8 11w2d 4.7 14w3d 8.6
8w2d 1.9 11w3d 4.8 14w4d 8.7

11-457
 Obstetrics References

CRL(HADLOCK)
Reference

Hadlock F., Shah Y.P, Kanon D.J., Math B., Lindsey J.V., “Fetal Crown-Rump
Length:Reevaluation of Relation to Menstrual Age (5-18 weeks) with
High-Resolution Real-Time Ultrasound.” Radiology, 182:501-502, 1992.

CRL  e 6.983 1.4498GA 0.078345GA  0.001501GA 3

2

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 5w0d
Max Range: 18w0d

GA CRL(cm) GA CRL(cm) GA CRL(cm)

(Age) -1SD Mean +1SD (Age) -1SD Mean +1SD (Age) -1SD Mean +1SD
5w0d 0.20 0.22 0.24 9w3d 2.45 2.66 2.88 13w6d 7.20 7.82 8.45
5w1d 0.23 0.25 0.27 9w4d 2.58 2.81 3.03 14w0d 7.34 7.98 8.62
5w2d 0.25 0.28 0.30 9w5d 2.72 2.96 3.19 14w1d 7.49 8.14 8.79
5w3d 0.28 0.31 0.33 9w6d 2.86 3.11 3.35 14w2d 7.63 8.30 8.96
5w4d 0.31 0.34 0.37 10w0d 3.00 3.26 3.52 14w3d 7.77 8.45 9.13
5w5d 0.35 0.38 0.41 10w1d 3.14 3.42 3.69 14w4d 7.91 8.60 9.29
5w6d 0.38 0.42 0.45 10w2d 3.29 3.58 3.86 14w5d 8.05 8.75 9.45
6w0d 0.42 0.46 0.49 10w3d 3.44 3.74 4.04 14w6d 8.19 8.90 9.61
6w1d 0.46 0.50 0.54 10w4d 3.59 3.90 4.21 15w0d 8.32 9.05 9.77
6w2d 0.51 0.55 0.60 10w5d 3.74 4.07 4.39 15w1d 8.45 9.19 9.93
6w3d 0.56 0.61 0.65 10w6d 3.90 4.24 4.57 15w2d 8.59 9.33 10.08
6w4d 0.61 0.66 0.71 11w0d 4.05 4.41 4.76 15w3d 8.72 9.47 10.23
6w5d 0.66 0.72 0.78 11w1d 4.21 4.58 4.94 15w4d 8.85 9.62 10.38
6w6d 0.72 0.79 0.85 11w2d 4.37 4.75 5.13 15w5d 8.97 9.75 10.53
7w0d 0.79 0.85 0.92 11w3d 4.53 4.92 5.32 15w6d 9.10 9.89 10.68
7w1d 0.85 0.93 1.00 11w4d 4.69 5.10 5.50 16w0d 9.23 10.03 10.83
7w2d 0.92 1.00 1.08 11w5d 4.85 5.27 5.69 16w1d 9.35 10.17 10.98
7w3d 1.00 1.08 1.17 11w6d 5.01 5.45 5.88 16w2d 9.48 10.30 11.13
7w4d 1.07 1.17 1.26 12w0d 5.17 5.62 6.07 16w3d 9.60 10.44 11.27
7w5d 1.16 1.26 1.36 12w1d 5.33 5.80 6.26 16w4d 9.73 10.57 11.42
7w6d 1.24 1.35 1.46 12w2d 5.49 5.97 6.45 16w5d 9.85 10.71 11.57
8w0d 1.33 1.45 1.56 12w3d 5.65 6.15 6.64 16w6d 9.98 10.85 11.71
8w1d 1.43 1.55 1.67 12w4d 5.81 6.32 6.82 17w0d 10.10 10.98 11.86

11-458
 Obstetrics References

8w2d 1.52 1.66 1.79 12w5d 5.97 6.49 7.01 17w1d 10.23 11.12 12.01

11
8w3d 1.63 1.77 1.91 12w6d 6.13 6.66 7.20 17w2d 10.36 11.26 12.16

Safety and Regulatory Information

8w4d 1.73 1.88 2.03 13w0d 6.29 6.83 7.38 17w3d 10.49 11.40 12.31
8w5d 1.84 2.00 2.16 13w1d 6.44 7.00 7.56 17w4d 10.62 11.54 12.47
8w6d 1.96 2.13 2.30 13w2d 6.60 7.17 7.74 17w5d 10.75 11.69 12.62
9w0d 2.08 2.26 2.44 13w3d 6.75 7.34 7.92 17w6d 10.89 11.83 12.78
9w1d 2.20 2.39 2.58 13w4d 6.90 7.50 8.10 18w0d 11.02 11.98 12.94
9w2d 2.32 2.52 2.73 13w5d 7.05 7.66 8.28

11-459
 Obstetrics References

CRL(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann. “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology.” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986

GA CRL(cm) GA CRL(cm)
(w+d) -2SD Mean +2SD (w+d) -2SD Mean +2SD
6w1d 0.23 0.69 1.15 12w2d 4.00 5.56 7.13
6w2d 0.28 0.76 1.25 12w4d 4.32 5.94 7.55
6w3d 0.32 0.83 1.34 12w6d 4.64 6.31 7.98
6w4d 0.36 0.90 1.43 13w2d 5.13 6.88 8.63
6w5d 0.39 0.96 1.52 13w4d 5.56 7.26 9.06
6w6d 0.43 1.02 1.61 13w6d 5.78 7.63 9.48
7w0d 0.47 1.08 1.69 14w2d 6.25 8.18 10.11
7w1d 0.50 1.14 1.78 14w4d 6.56 8.54 10.52
7w2d 0.54 1.21 1.87 14w6d 6.86 8.89 10.92
7w3d 0.58 1.27 1.96 15w2d 7.28 9.39 11.5
7w4d 0.62 1.33 2.05 15w4d 7.55 9.71 11.87
7w5d 0.66 1.40 2.14 15w6d 7.80 10.01 12.22
7w6d 0.70 1.47 2.24 16w2d 8.15 10.44 12.73
8w0d 0.75 1.54 2.34 16w4d 8.36 10.70 13.04
8w1d 0.80 1.62 2.44 16w6d 8.56 10.95 13.34
8w3d 0.91 1.78 2.65 17w2d 8.83 11.30 13.77
8w5d 1.03 1.96 2.88 17w4d 8.99 11.51 14.04
9w0d 1.17 2.15 3.12 17w6d 9.15 11.72 14.29
9w2d 1.33 2.36 3.39 18w2d 9.35 12.00 14.65
9w4d 1.51 2.59 3.66 18w4d 9.48 12.19 14.89
9w6d 1.70 2.83 3.96 18w6d 9.62 12.37 15.12
10w2d 2.03 3.24 4.44 19w1d 9.75 12.55 15.36
10w4d 2.27 3.53 4.79 19w3d 9.89 12.74 15.60
10w6d 2.52 3.83 5.14 19w5d 10.03 12.94 15.85
11w2d 2.93 4.32 5.71 20w0d 10.20 13.16 16.12
11w4d 3.22 4.66 6.13 20w1d 10.29 13.28 16.26
11w6d 3.53 5.02 6.51 20w2d 10.40 13.40 16.41

11-460
 Obstetrics References

CRL(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

CRL(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
7w0d 0.57 1.01 1.72
7w2d 0.60 1.05 1.64
7w4d 0.65 1.13 1.66
7w6d 0.72 1.25 1.75
8w1d 0.81 1.40 1.91
8w3d 0.91 1.58 2.13
8w5d 1.03 1.78 2.40
9w0d 1.17 2.00 2.70
9w2d 1.33 2.25 3.03
9w4d 1.51 2.50 3.37
9w6d 1.71 2.76 3.73
10w1d 1.92 3.03 4.07
10w3d 2.15 3.31 4.41
10w5d 2.41 3.58 4.71
11w0d 2.67 3.84 4.98
11w2d 2.96 4.09 5.21
11w4d 3.27 4.33 5.38

11-461
 Obstetrics References

CRL(MARSAL)
GA CRL GA CRL
(d) (mm) (d) (mm)
44 07.0 80 47.0
45 07.5 81 48.0
46 08.0 82 49.0
47 08.5 83 50.5
48 09.0 84 52.0
49 09.5 85 54.0
50 10.0 86 56.0
51 11.0 87 58.0
52 12.0 88 60.0
53 13.0 89 62.0
54 14.0 90 64.0
55 15.0 91 66.0
56 16.0 92 68.0
57 17.0 93 70.0
58 18.0 94 72.0
59 19.0 95 74.0
60 20.0 96 76.0
61 21.0 97 78.0
62 22.0 98 80.0
63 23.0 99 83.0
64 24.0
65 25.0
66 27.0
67 28.0
68 29.0
69 30.5
70 32.0
71 33.5
72 35.0
73 36.5
74 38.0
75 39.5

11-462
 Obstetrics References

76 41.0

11
77 42.5

Safety and Regulatory Information

78 44.0
79 45.5

11-463
 Obstetrics References

CRL(OSAKA)
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

GA CRL (cm) GA CRL (cm)

(weeks) Mean ±1.5SD (weeks) Mean ±1.5SD
7w0d 0.87 0.24 10w0d 3.00 0.72
7w1d 0.91 0.26 10w1d 3.15 0.74
7w2d 0.96 0.29 10w2d 3.31 0.77
7w3d 1.02 0.30 10w3d 3.47 0.78
7w4d 1.08 0.33 10w4d 3.63 0.81
7w5d 1.15 0.35 10w5d 3.79 0.83
7w6d 1.22 0.38 10w6d 3.95 0.86
8w0d 1.30 0.39 11w0d 4.12 0.87
8w1d 1.39 0.42 11w1d 4.28 0.90
8w2d 1.49 0.44 11w2d 4.45 0.92
8w3d 1.59 0.47 11w3d 4.62 0.95
8w4d 1.69 0.48 11w4d 4.79 0.96
8w5d 1.80 0.51 11w5d 4.96 0.99
8w6d 1.92 0.53 11w6d 5.13 1.01
9w0d 2.04 0.56 12w0d 5.30 1.04
9w1d 2.16 0.57 12w1d 5.48 1.05
9w2d 2.29 0.60 12w2d 5.65 1.08
9w3d 2.43 0.62 12w3d 5.82 1.10
9w4d 2.57 0.65 12w4d 5.99 1.13
9w5d 2.71 0.68 12w5d 6.16 1.14
9w6d 2.85 0.69 12w6d 6.32 1.17

11-464
 Obstetrics References

CRL(ROBINSON)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Robinson H.P., Fleming J.E.E., “A critical evaluation of Sonar “Crown-Rump

Length” measurements” British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology;
Volume 82:702-710, September

CRL(cm) CRL(cm)
GA(w+d) GA(w+d)
Mean +2SD Mean +2SD
6w2d 0.67 0.29 10w2d 3.55 0.69
6w3d 0.74 0.31 10w3d 3.69 0.70
6w4d 0.80 0.32 10w4d 3.84 0.72
6w5d 0.87 0.34 10w5d 3.99 0.73
6w6d 0.95 0.35 10w6d 4.14 0.74
7w0d 1.02 0.37 11w0d 4.30 0.76
7w1d 1.10 0.38 11w1d 4.46 0.77
7w2d 1.18 0.39 11w2d 4.62 0.79
7w3d 1.26 0.41 11w3d 4.78 0.80
7w4d 1.35 0.42 11w4d 4.95 0.81
7w5d 1.44 0.44 11w5d 5.12 0.83
7w6d 1.53 0.45 11w6d 5.29 0.84
8w0d 1.63 0.46 12w0d 5.47 0.86
8w1d 1.73 0.48 12w1d 5.65 0.87
8w2d 1.83 0.49 12w2d 5.83 0.88
8w3d 1.93 0.51 12w3d 6.01 0.90
8w4d 2.04 0.52 12w4d 6.20 0.91
8w5d 2.15 0.53 12w5d 6.39 0.93
8w6d 2.26 0.55 12w6d 6.59 0.94
9w0d 2.38 0.56 13w0d 6.78 0.95
9w1d 2.50 0.58 13w1d 6.98 0.97
9w2d 2.62 0.59 13w2d 7.18 0.98
9w3d 2.74 0.60 13w3d 7.39 1.00
9w4d 2.87 0.62 13w4d 7.60 1.01
9w5d 3.00 0.63 13w5d 7.81 1.02
9w6d 3.13 0.65 13w6d 8.02 1.04
10w0d 3.27 0.66 14w0d 8.24 1.05
10w1d 3.40 0.67

11-465
 Obstetrics References

CRL(SHINOZUKA)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med
Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

CRL(cm) CRL(cm)
GA GA
-1.64 +1.64 -1.64 +1.64
(w+d) Mean (w+d) Mean
SD SD SD SD
7w0d 0.51 0.79 1.07 10w1d 2.09 2.93 3.76
7w1d 0.55 0.86 1.17 10w2d 2.19 3.05 3.91
7w2d 0.60 0.93 1.27 10w3d 2.29 3.18 4.06
7w3d 0.65 1.01 1.37 10w4d 2.40 3.31 4.22
7w4d 0.71 1.09 1.47 10w5d 2.51 3.44 4.38
7w5d 0.76 1.17 1.58 10w6d 2.62 3.58 4.54
7w6d 0.82 1.25 1.69 11w0d 2.73 3.71 4.70
8w0d 0.88 1.34 1.80 11w1d 2.84 3.85 4.86
8w1d 0.95 1.43 1.91 11w2d 2.96 4.00 5.03
8w2d 1.01 1.52 2.03 11w3d 3.08 4.14 5.20
8w3d 1.08 1.61 2.15 11w4d 3.20 4.29 5.37
8w4d 1.15 1.71 2.27 11w5d 3.33 4.44 5.55
8w5d 1.22 1.81 2.39 11w6d 3.45 4.59 5.73
8w6d 1.30 1.91 2.52 12w0d 3.58 4.74 5.91
9w0d 1.38 2.01 2.65 12w1d 3.72 4.90 6.09
9w1d 1.46 2.12 2.78 12w2d 3.85 5.06 6.27
9w2d 1.54 2.23 2.91 12w3d 3.99 5.22 6.46
9w3d 1.63 2.34 3.05 12w4d 4.13 5.39 6.65
9w4d 1.72 2.45 3.18 12w5d 4.27 5.55 6.84
9w5d 1.81 2.57 3.32 12w6d 4.41 5.72 7.03
9w6d 1.90 2.68 3.47 13w0d 4.56 5.89 7.23
10w0d 1.99 2.80 3.61

11-466
 Obstetrics References

CRL(TOKYO)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Fetal Age table is used to plot the graph!
No deviation values are calculated.
NOTE

GA(days) CRL(mm) GA(days) CRL(mm)

55 13 73 32
56 14 74 33
57 15 74 34
58 16 75 35
59 17 76 36
60 18 77 37
61 19 78 38
62 20 78 39
63 21 79 40
64 22 80 41
65 23 81 42
66 24 81 43
67 25 82 44
68 26 83 45
68 27 84 46
69 28 84 47
70 29 85 48
71 30 86 49
72 31 86 50

11-467
 Obstetrics References

FIB(JEANTY)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann. "Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology." Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986, p182

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: mm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

FIB(mm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 06 06 06
13 09 09 09
14 06 12 19
15 09 15 21
16 13 18 23
17 13 21 28
18 15 23 31
19 19 26 33
20 21 28 36
21 24 31 37
22 27 33 39
23 28 35 42
24 29 37 45
25 34 40 45
26 36 42 47
27 37 44 50
28 38 45 53
29 41 47 54
30 43 49 56
31 42 51 59
32 42 52 63
33 46 54 62
34 46 55 65
35 51 57 62

11-468
 Obstetrics References

36 54 58 63

11
37 54 59 65

Safety and Regulatory Information

38 56 61 65
39 56 62 67
40 59 63 67

11-469
 Obstetrics References

FL(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

Input Unit: GA [week]

Output Unit: FL mean [cm] +/- SD[cm]
Min Range: 11 weeks
Max Range: 41 weeks

GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm)
(week) mean ±2SD (week) mean ±2SD
11 0.80 0.20 27 5.00 0.50
12 1.00 0.25 28 5.40 0.40
13 1.10 0.25 29 5.50 0.55
14 1.50 0.30 30 5.80 0.60
15 1.70 0.35 31 5.90 0.55
16 2.20 0.40 32 6.20 0.60
17 2.50 0.40 33 6.50 0.40
18 2.80 0.50 34 6.60 0.40
19 3.00 0.50 35 6.70 0.60
20 3.20 0.60 36 6.90 0.60
21 3.40 0.60 37 7.20 0.50
22 3.70 0.50 38 7.30 0.55
23 4.30 0.50 39 7.50 0.60
24 4.50 0.40 40 7.60 0.40
25 4.80 0.50 41 7.70 0.50
26 4.90 0.50

11-470
 Obstetrics References

FL(CFEF)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

Input Unit: GA [week]

Output Unit: Percentile [mm]
Min Range: 12 weeks
Max Range: 41 weeks

GA FL(mm)
(week) 3% 10% 50% 90% 97%
12 02.76 03.89 06.33 08.79 10.00
13 06.09 07.29 09.88 12.42 13.65
14 09.40 10.65 13.33 16.00 17.27
15 12.56 13.87 16.66 19.44 20.77
16 15.70 17.00 19.95 22.80 24.18
17 18.74 20.12 23.12 26.13 27.53
18 21.69 23.14 26.23 29.30 30.80
19 24.59 26.06 29.25 32.44 33.91
20 27.42 28.94 32.23 35.48 37.03
21 30.12 31.72 35.05 38.41 40.00
22 32.83 34.39 37.87 41.30 42.91
23 35.34 37.00 40.50 44.03 45.71
24 37.89 39.58 43.16 46.75 48.42
25 40.33 42.04 45.69 49.36 51.08
26 42.66 44.40 48.17 51.88 53.62
27 44.95 46.72 50.53 54.32 56.09
28 47.13 48.94 52.80 56.64 58.45
29 49.22 51.06 54.94 58.91 60.72
30 51.30 53.14 57.13 61.08 62.92
31 53.26 55.13 59.15 63.14 65.04
32 55.12 57.04 61.11 65.19 67.07
33 56.96 58.87 63.00 67.10 69.03
34 58.69 60.62 64.76 68.88 70.84

11-471
 Obstetrics References

35 60.33 62.29 66.47 70.65 72.63

36 61.90 63.89 68.13 72.34 74.30
37 63.40 65.36 69.63 73.91 75.89
38 64.81 66.79 71.11 75.38 77.41
39 66.16 68.19 72.48 76.81 78.84
40 67.42 69.47 73.79 78.14 80.17
41 68.00 70.00 74.00 79.00 81.00

11-472
 Obstetrics References

FL(CHITTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Chitty L.S., Altmann D.G., Henderson A., Campbell S. “Charts of fetal size:
4. Femur length” British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology; February
1984; Vol.101; pp. 132-135

FL(mm) SD
GA(weeks)
-1SD mean +1SD mm
12 05.9 07.7 09.5 1.8
13 09.1 10.9 12.7 1.8
14 12.2 14.1 16 0 1.9
15 15.3 17.2 19.1 1.9
16 18.3 20.3 22.3 2.0
17 21.2 23.3 25.4 2.1
18 24.2 26.3 28.4 2.1
19 27.0 29.2 31.4 2.2
20 29.9 32.1 34.3 2.2
21 32.6 34.9 37.2 2.3
22 35.3 37.6 39.9 2.3
23 37.9 40.3 42.7 2.4
24 40.4 42.9 45.4 2.5
25 43.0 45.5 48.0 2.5
26 45.4 48.0 50.6 2.6
27 47.8 50.4 53.0 2.6
28 50.0 52.7 55.4 2.7
29 52.2 55.0 57.8 2.8
30 55.3 57.1 59.9 2.8
31 56.3 59.2 62.1 2.9
32 58.3 61.2 64.1 2.9
33 60.1 63.1 66.1 3.0
34 61.9 64.9 67.9 3.0
35 63.5 66.6 69.7 3.1
36 65.0 68.2 71.4 3.2
37 66.5 69.7 72.9 3.2
38 67.8 71.1 74.4 3.3

11-473
 Obstetrics References

39 69.1 72.4 75.7 3.3

40 70.2 73.6 77.0 3.4
41 71.1 74.6 78.1 3.5
42 72.1 75.6 79.1 3.5

11-474
 Obstetrics References

FL(HADLOCK)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hadlock F.P., Deter R.L.; Harrist R.B., Park S.K.

“Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth
Parameters” Radiology 1984,; 152: 497-501

FL = – 3.91 + 0.427 × GA – 0.0034 × GA²

Input Unit: w (week)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 0.3 cm

corresponds to: 16% ~ 84% (-0.3cm ~ +0.3cm)

GA(weeks) FL(cm) GA(weeks) FL(cm)

12.0 0.70 26.5 5.00
12.5 0.90 27.0 5.10
13.0 1.10 27.5 5.20
13.5 1.20 28.0 5.40
14.0 1.40 28.5 5.50
14.5 1.60 29.0 5.60
15.0 1.70 29.5 5.70
15.5 1.90 30.0 5.80
16.0 2.00 30.5 5.90
16.5 2.20 31.0 6.00
17.0 2.40 31.5 6.10
17.5 2.50 32.0 6.20
18.0 2.70 32.5 6.30
18.5 2.80 33.0 6.40
19.0 3.00 33.5 6.50
19.5 3.10 34.0 6.60
20.0 3.30 34.5 6.70
20.5 3.40 35.0 6.80
21.0 3.50 35.5 6.90
21.5 3.70 36.0 7.00

11-475
 Obstetrics References

22.0 3.80 36.5 7.10

22.5 4.00 37.0 7.20
23.0 4.10 37.5 7.30
23.5 4.20 38.0 7.40
24.0 4.40 38.5 7.40
24.5 4.50 39.0 7.50
25.0 4.60 39.5 7.60
25.5 4.70 40.0 7.70
26.0 4.90

11-476
 Obstetrics References

FL(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p.431.

FL(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
13 1.00 1.00 1.00
14 1.20 1.20 1.20
15 1.30 1.60 2.10
16 1.50 1.80 2.30
17 1.80 2.20 2.60
18 2.10 2.50 2.90
19 2.40 2.80 3.20
20 2.70 3.10 3.50
21 2.90 3.40 3.80
22 3.20 3.60 4.10
23 3.40 3.90 4.40
24 3.70 4.10 4.70
25 3.90 4.40 4.90
26 4.20 4.70 5.20
27 4.40 4.90 5.50
28 4.60 5.10 5.70
29 4.90 5.40 5.90
30 5.10 5.60 6.20
31 5.30 5.90 6.40
32 5.50 6.10 6.60
33 5.70 6.30 6.80
34 5.90 6.50 7.00
35 6.10 6.70 7.20
36 6.30 6.90 7.40
37 6.50 7.10 7.70
38 6.70 7.30 7.90
39 6.80 7.40 8.10
40 7.00 7.50 8.40

11-477
 Obstetrics References

FL(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Cantraine F., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Struyven J. “A
longitudinal Study of fetal limb growth” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume 1; Number 2; January 1984; 136-141

FL  2.5252  0.2555  GA  0.0027566  GA2  7.3286  GA3 105

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

FL(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 0.40 0.80 1.30
13 0.60 1.10 1.60
14 0.90 1.40 1.80
15 1.20 1.70 2.10
16 1.50 2.00 2.40
17 1.80 2.30 2.70
18 2.10 2.50 3.00
19 2.40 2.80 3.30
20 2.60 3.10 3.60
21 2.90 3.40 3.80
22 3.20 3.60 4.10
23 3.50 3.90 4.40
24 3.70 4.20 4.60
25 4.00 4.40 4.90
26 4.20 4.70 5.10
27 4.50 4.90 5.40
28 4.70 5.20 5.60
29 5.00 5.40 5.90
30 5.20 5.60 6.10
31 5.40 5.90 6.30

11-478
 Obstetrics References

32 5.60 6.10 6.50

11
33 5.80 6.30 6.70

Safety and Regulatory Information

34 6.00 6.50 6.90
35 6.20 6.70 7.10
36 6.40 6.80 7.30
37 6.50 7.00 7.40
38 6.70 7.10 7.60
39 6.80 7.30 7.70
40 7.00 7.40 7.90

11-479
 Obstetrics References

FL(JSUM)
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

FL(cm)
GA(weeks)
-2SD mean +2SD
16 1.49 2.01 2.54
17 1.74 2.27 2.80
18 1.98 2.53 3.07
19 2.23 2.78 3.33
20 2.48 3.04 3.59
21 2.73 3.29 3.85
22 2.97 3.54 4.11
23 3.21 3.79 4.36
24 3.45 4.03 4.61
25 3.68 4.27 4.86
26 3.91 4.50 5.10
27 4.13 4.73 5.33
28 4.35 4.96 5.56
29 4.56 5.17 5.79
30 4.76 5.38 6.00
31 4.95 5.58 6.21
32 5.14 5.78 6.41
33 5.32 5.96 6.61
34 5.49 6.14 6.79
35 5.65 6.30 6.96
36 5.80 6.46 7.12
37 5.93 6.60 7.27
38 6.06 6.74 7.41
39 6.17 6.86 7.54
40 6.27 6.96 7.65
41 6.36 7.06 7.75
42 6.43 7.14 7.84

11-480
 Obstetrics References

FL(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

FL(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 0.41 0.70 0.98
13 0.72 1.03 1.34
14 1.03 1.36 1.69
15 1.33 1.68 2.04
16 1.63 2.00 2.37
17 1.92 2.30 2.69
18 2.21 2.61 3.00
19 2.49 2.90 3.31
20 2.76 3.19 3.61
21 3.03 3.47 3.90
22 3.30 3.74 4.18
23 3.56 4.01 4.45
24 3.81 4.26 4.72
25 4.05 4.52 4.98
26 4.29 4.76 5.23
27 4.52 5.00 5.48
28 4.75 5.23 5.71
29 4.97 5.45 5.94
30 5.18 5.67 6.16
31 5.39 5.88 6.38
32 5.59 6.09 6.58
33 5.78 6.28 6.79
34 5.96 6.47 6.98
35 6.14 6.65 7.16
36 6.31 6.83 7.34
37 6.48 7.00 7.51
38 6.64 7.16 7.68

11-481
 Obstetrics References

39 6.79 7.31 7.84

40 6.93 7.46 7.99
41 7.07 7.60 8.13
42 7.20 7.73 8.26

11-482
 Obstetrics References

FL(LESSOWAY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Lessoway,V.A., Schulzer,M., Wittmann,B.K., Gagnon,F.A., Wilson,R.D.,”

Ultrasound fetal biometry charts for a North American Caucasian
population”, J Clin.Ultrasound, Vol. 26, No. 9, 1998, pages 433-453.

Input Unit: weeks + days

Output Unit: mm
Min Range: 12 weeks 0 days
Max Range: 42 weeks 0 days

GA FL(mm) GA FL(mm) GA FL(mm) GA FL(mm)

(age) 10% 50% 90% (age) 10% 50% 90% (age) 10% 50% 90% (age) 10% 50% 90%

12w0d 5.0 7.4 10.4 20w0d 28.9 31.8 35.2 28w0d 48.9 52.8 56.9 36w0d 63.2 68.7 72.3

12w1d 5.5 7.9 10.8 20w1d 29.3 32.2 35.6 28w1d 49.2 53.1 57.2 36w1d 63.4 68.9 72.5

12w2d 5.9 8.4 11.3 20w2d 29.7 32.6 36.0 28w2d 49.5 53.4 57.5 36w2d 63.6 69.1 72.8

12w3d 6.4 8.8 11.7 20w3d 30.1 33.0 36.4 28w3d 49.7 53.7 57.8 36w3d 63.8 69.4 73.0

12w4d 6.8 9.3 12.1 20w4d 30.4 33.4 36.8 28w4d 50.0 54.0 58.1 36w4d 64.0 69.6 73.3

12w5d 7.3 9.7 12.6 20w5d 30.8 33.8 37.2 28w5d 50.3 54.3 58.3 36w5d 64.2 69.8 73.5

12w6d 7.7 10.2 13.1 20w6d 31.2 34.2 37.7 28w6d 50.6 54.6 58.6 36w6d 64.4 70.0 73.8

13w0d 8.1 10.6 13.5 21w0d 31.6 34.6 38.1 29w0d 50.8 54.9 58.9 37w0d 64.6 70.3 74.0

13w1d 8.6 11.1 13.9 21w1d 32.0 35.0 38.5 29w1d 51.1 55.2 59.2 37w1d 64.8 70.5 74.2

13w2d 9.0 11.5 14.4 21w2d 32.4 35.4 38.9 29w2d 51.4 55.5 59.5 37w2d 64.9 70.7 74.4

13w3d 9.5 12.0 14.9 21w3d 32.8 35.8 39.3 29w3d 51.6 55.8 59.8 37w3d 65.1 70.9 74.7

13w4d 9.9 12.4 15.3 21w4d 33.2 36.2 39.7 29w4d 51.9 56.1 60.0 37w4d 65.3 71.1 74.9

13w5d 10.4 12.9 15.8 21w5d 33.6 36.6 40.1 29w5d 52.2 56.4 60.3 37w5d 65.5 71.3 75.1

13w6d 10.8 13.3 16.2 21w6d 34.0 37.0 40.5 29w6d 52.4 56.7 60.6 37w6d 65.6 71.5 75.3

14w0d 11.3 13.8 16.7 22w0d 34.4 37.4 40.9 30w0d 52.7 57.0 60.9 38w0d 65.8 71.7 75.5

14w1d 11.7 14.3 17.1 22w1d 34.8 37.8 41.3 30w1d 53.0 57.3 61.1 38w1d 66.0 71.9 75.7

14w2d 12.1 14.7 17.6 22w2d 35.2 38.1 41.7 30w2d 53.2 57.6 61.4 38w2d 66.1 72.1 75.9

14w3d 12.6 15.2 18.0 22w3d 35.6 38.5 42.1 30w3d 53.5 57.9 61.7 38w3d 66.3 72.2 76.1

14w4d 13.0 15.6 18.5 22w4d 36.0 38.9 42.5 30w4d 53.8 58.2 61.9 38w4d 66.5 72.4 76.3

14w5d 13.5 16.1 19.0 22w5d 36.4 39.3 42.9 30w5d 54.0 58.4 62.2 38w5d 66.6 72.6 76.5

14w6d 13.9 16.5 19.4 22w6d 36.8 39.7 43.3 30w6d 54.3 58.7 62.5 38w6d 66.8 72.8 76.7

15w0d 14.4 17.0 19.9 23w0d 37.2 40.1 43.7 31w0d 54.6 59.0 62.8 39w0d 67.0 73.0 76.9

15w1d 14.8 17.5 20.3 23w1d 37.5 40.5 44.1 31w1d 54.8 59.3 63.0 39w1d 67.1 73.2 77.1

15w2d 15.3 17.9 20.8 23w2d 37.9 40.9 44.5 31w2d 55.1 59.6 63.3 39w2d 67.3 73.3 77.3

15w3d 15.7 18.4 21.2 23w3d 38.3 41.3 44.9 31w3d 55.4 59.9 63.6 39w3d 67.5 73.5 77.5

11-483
 Obstetrics References

15w4d 16.2 18.8 21.7 23w4d 38.7 41.7 45.3 31w4d 55.7 60.2 63.9 39w4d 67.6 73.7 77.7

15w5d 16.6 19.3 22.1 23w5d 39.1 42.1 45.7 31w5d 55.9 60.5 64.2 39w5d 67.8 73.9 77.8

15w6d 17.0 19.7 22.6 23w6d 39.4 42.5 46.1 31w6d 56.2 60.8 64.4 39w6d 68.0 74.0 78.0

16w0d 17.5 20.1 23.0 24w0d 39.8 42.9 46.6 32w0d 56.5 61.1 64.7 40w0d 68.1 74.2 78.2

16w1d 17.9 20.6 23.5 24w1d 40.2 43.2 47.0 32w1d 56.7 61.3 65.0 40w1d 68.3 74.4 78.3

16w2d 18.4 21.0 23.9 24w2d 40.6 43.6 47.4 32w2d 57.0 61.6 65.3 40w2d 68.5 74.6 78.5

16w3d 18.8 21.5 24.4 24w3d 40.9 44.0 47.8 32w3d 57.2 61.9 65.6 40w3d 68.7 74.7 78.7

16w4d 19.2 21.9 24.8 24w4d 41.3 44.4 48.2 32w4d 57.5 62.2 65.8 40w4d 68.8 74.9 78.9

16w5d 19.6 22.3 25.3 24w5d 41.6 44.8 48.6 32w5d 57.8 62.5 66.1 40w5d 69.0 75.1 79.0

16w6d 20.1 22.8 25.7 24w6d 42.0 45.1 49.0 32w6d 58.0 62.8 66.4 40w6d 69.2 75.2 79.2

17w0d 20.5 23.2 26.1 25w0d 42.4 45.5 49.4 33w0d 58.3 63.1 66.7 41w0d 69.4 75.4 79.3

17w1d 20.9 23.6 26.6 25w1d 42.7 45.9 49.7 33w1d 58.5 63.4 67.0 41w1d 69.5 75.6 79.5

17w2d 21.3 24.0 27.0 25w2d 43.0 46.3 50.1 33w2d 58.8 63.6 67.2 41w2d 69.7 75.7 79.7

17w3d 21.7 24.5 27.4 25w3d 43.4 46.6 50.5 33w3d 59.0 63.9 67.5 41w3d 69.9 75.9 79.8

17w4d 22.1 24.9 27.9 25w4d 43.7 47.0 50.9 33w4d 59.3 64.2 67.8 41w4d 70.0 76.1 80.0

17w5d 22.5 25.3 28.3 25w5d 44.1 47.4 51.3 33w5d 59.5 64.5 68.1 41w5d 70.2 76.2 80.1

17w6d 22.9 25.7 28.7 25w6d 44.4 47.7 51.7 33w6d 59.8 64.8 68.4 41w6d 70.4 76.4 80.3

18w0d 23.3 26.1 29.2 26w0d 44.7 48.1 52.1 34w0d 60.0 65.0 68.6 42w0d 70.6 76.6 80.4

18w1d 23.7 26.5 29.6 26w1d 45.0 48.4 52.4 34w1d 60.2 65.3 68.9

18w2d 24.1 26.9 30.0 26w2d 45.4 48.8 52.8 34w2d 60.5 65.6 69.2

18w3d 24.5 27.3 30.5 26w3d 45.7 49.1 53.2 34w3d 60.7 65.8 69.4

18w4d 24.9 27.7 30.9 26w4d 46.0 49.5 53.5 34w4d 61.0 66.1 69.7

18w5d 25.3 28.2 31.3 26w5d 46.3 49.8 53.9 34w5d 61.2 66.4 70.0

18w6d 25.7 28.6 31.8 26w6d 46.6 50.2 54.2 34w6d 61.4 66.6 70.2

19w0d 26.1 29.0 32.2 27w0d 46.9 50.5 54.6 35w0d 61.7 66.9 70.5

19w1d 26.5 29.4 32.6 27w1d 47.2 50.8 54.9 35w1d 61.9 67.2 70.8

19w2d 26.9 29.8 33.0 27w2d 47.5 51.2 55.2 35w2d 62.1 67.4 71.0

19w3d 27.3 30.2 33.5 27w3d 47.8 51.5 55.6 35w3d 62.3 67.7 71.3

19w4d 27.7 30.6 33.9 27w4d 48.1 51.8 55.9 35w4d 62.6 67.9 71.5

19w5d 28.1 31.0 34.3 27w5d 48.4 52.1 56.2 35w5d 62.8 68.2 71.8

19w6d 28.5 31.4 34.7 27w6d 48.6 52.5 56.5 35w6d 63.0 68.4 72.0

11-484
 Obstetrics References

FL(MARSAL)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL GA FL
(d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm) (d) (mm)
85 8.0 123 25.2 161 40.4 199 55.3 237 66.8 275 76.3
86 8.5 124 25.6 162 40.8 200 55.6 238 67.0 276 76.5
87 9.0 125 26.0 163 41.2 201 56.0 239 67.3 277 76.8
88 9.5 126 26.4 164 41.6 202 56.3 240 67.5 278 77.0
89 10.0 127 26.8 165 42.0 203 56.7 241 67.8 279 77.3
90 10.5 128 27.2 166 42.4 204 57.0 242 68.0 280 77.5
91 11.1 129 27.6 167 42.8 205 57.3 243 68.3 281 77.8
92 11.7 130 28.0 168 43.2 206 57.7 244 68.5 270 75.0
93 12.2 131 28.4 169 43.6 207 58.0 245 68.8 271 75.3
94 12.8 132 28.8 170 44.0 208 58.3 246 69.0 272 75.5
95 13.3 133 29.2 171 44.4 209 58.7 247 69.3 273 75.8
96 13.8 134 29.6 172 44.8 210 59.0 248 69.5 274 76.0
97 14.2 135 30.0 173 45.2 211 59.3 249 69.8 275 76.3
98 14.6 136 30.4 174 45.6 212 59.7 250 70.0 276 76.5
99 15.0 137 30.8 175 46.0 213 60.0 251 70.3 277 76.8
100 15.4 138 31.2 176 46.4 214 60.3 252 70.5 278 77.0
101 15.8 139 31.6 177 46.8 215 60.7 253 70.8 279 77.3
102 16.2 140 32.0 178 47.2 216 61.0 254 71.0 280 77.5
103 16.6 141 32.4 179 47.6 217 61.3 255 71.3 281 77.8
104 17.0 142 32.8 180 48.0 218 61.7 256 71.5 282 78.0
105 17.4 143 33.2 181 48.4 219 62.0 257 71.8 283 78.3
106 17.8 144 33.6 182 48.8 220 62.3 258 72.0 284 78.5
107 18.2 145 34.0 183 49.2 221 62.7 259 72.3 285 78.8
108 18.6 146 34.4 184 49.6 222 63.0 260 72.5 286 79.0
109 19.0 147 34.8 185 50.0 223 63.3 261 72.8 287 79.3
110 19.4 148 35.2 186 50.4 224 63.5 262 73.0 288 79.5
111 19.8 149 35.6 187 50.8 225 63.8 263 73.3 289 79.8
112 20.2 150 36.0 188 51.3 226 64.0 264 73.5 290 80.0
113 20.6 151 36.4 189 51.6 227 64.3 265 73.8 291 80.3
114 21.0 152 36.8 190 52.0 228 64.5 266 74.0 292 80.5
115 21.5 153 37.6 191 52.4 229 64.8 267 74.3 293 80.8
116 22.0 154 37.8 192 52.8 230 65.0 268 74.5 294 81.0

11-485
 Obstetrics References

117 22.5 155 38.0 193 53.2 231 65.3 269 74.8 295 81.2
118 23.0 156 38.4 194 53.6 232 65.5 270 75.0 296 81.4
119 23.5 157 38.8 195 54.0 233 65.8 271 75.3 297 81.6
120 24.0 158 39.2 196 54.3 234 66.0 272 75.5 298 81.8
121 24.4 159 39.6 197 54.7 235 66.3 273 75.8 299 82.0
122 24.8 160 40.0 198 55.0 236 66.5 274 76.0 300 82.2

11-486
 Obstetrics References

FL(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 0.60 0.90 1.20 27.5 4.80 5.20 5.70
13.0 0.80 1.10 1.40 28.0 4.90 5.30 5.80
13.5 1.00 1.30 1.60 28.5 5.00 5.50 5.90
14.0 1.10 1.50 1.80 29.0 5.10 5.60 6.00
14.5 1.30 1.60 2.00 29.5 5.20 5.70 6.10
15.0 1.50 1.80 2.10 30.0 5.30 5.80 6.20
15.5 1.60 2.00 2.30 30.5 5.40 5.90 6.30
16.0 1.80 2.10 2.50 31.0 5.50 6.00 6.40
16.5 1.90 2.30 2.60 31.5 5.60 6.10 6.60
17.0 2.10 2.40 2.80 32.0 5.70 6.20 6.70
17.5 2.20 2.60 2.90 32.5 5.80 6.30 6.80
18.0 2.40 2.70 3.10 33.0 5.90 6.40 6.90
18.5 2.50 2.90 3.20 33.5 6.00 6.50 7.00
19.0 2.70 3.00 3.40 34.0 6.10 6.60 7.10
19.5 2.80 3.20 3.50 34.5 6.20 6.70 7.20
20.0 2.90 3.30 3.70 35.0 6.30 6.80 7.30
20.5 3.10 3.50 3.80 35.5 6.40 6.90 7.40
21.0 3.20 3.60 4.00 36.0 6.50 7.00 7.40
21.5 3.30 3.70 4.10 36.5 6.60 7.00 7.50
22.0 3.50 3.90 4.20 37.0 6.60 7.10 7.60
22.5 3.60 4.00 4.40 37.5 6.70 7.20 7.70
23.0 3.70 4.10 4.50 38.0 6.80 7.30 7.80
23.5 3.90 4.30 4.60 38.5 6.90 7.40 7.90
24.0 4.00 4.40 4.80 39.0 6.90 7.40 7.90

11-487
 Obstetrics References

24.5 4.10 4.50 4.90 39.5 7.00 7.50 8.00

25.0 4.20 4.60 5.00 40.0 7.10 7.60 8.10
25.5 4.30 4.80 5.20 40.5 7.10 7.60 8.10
26.0 4.50 4.90 5.30 41.0 7.20 7.70 8.20
26.5 4.60 5.00 5.40 41.5 7.20 7.70 8.30
27.0 4.70 5.10 5.50

11-488
 Obstetrics References

FL(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

FL(cm)
GA(week) 95th
5th centile Median
centile
14 1.40 1.70 1.90
15 1.70 1.90 2.20
16 1.90 2.20 2.50
17 2.10 2.40 2.80
18 2.40 2.70 3.00
19 2.60 3.00 3.30
20 2.90 3.20 3.60
21 3.20 3.50 3.90
22 3.40 3.80 4.20
23 3.70 4.10 4.50
24 3.90 4.30 4.70
25 4.20 4.60 5.00
26 4.40 4.80 5.30
27 4.70 5.10 5.50
28 4.90 5.30 5.80
29 5.10 5.60 6.00
30 5.30 5.80 6.30
31 5.50 6.00 6.50
32 5.70 6.20 6.70
33 5.90 6.40 6.90
34 6.10 6.60 7.10
35 6.30 6.80 7.30
36 6.40 6.90 7.40
37 6.60 7.10 7.60
38 6.70 7.20 7.70
39 6.80 7.30 7.80

11-489
 Obstetrics References

FL(O'BRIEN)
Reference

O´Brien G.D., Queenan J.T. “Growth of the ultrasound fetal femur length
during normal pregnancy. Part I.” American Journal in Obstetrics and
Gynecology; December 1981; 141(7); pp. 833-887

FL(mm)
GA(weeks)
-2SD mean +2SD
14 14.1 16.6 19.1
15 17.6 19.9 22.2
16 19.0 22.0 25.0
17 22.3 25.2 28.1
18 26.5 29.6 32.7
19 29.3 32.4 35.5
20 32.3 34.8 37.3
21 33.4 37.5 41.6
22 37.0 40.9 44.8
23 39.9 43.5 47.1
24 42.9 46.4 49.9
25 43.4 48.0 52.6
26 46.1 51.1 56.1
27 49.8 53.0 56.2
28 50.3 54.4 58.5
29 53.0 57.3 61.6
30 54.9 58.7 62.5
31 57.0 61.5 66.0
32 58.4 62.8 67.0
33 60.3 64.9 69.5
34 61.3 65.7 70.1
35 62.9 67.7 72.5
36 65.1 69.5 74.1
37 66.5 70.8 75.1
38 66.2 71.8 77.4
39 69.1 74.2 79.3
40 69.8 75.4 81.0

11-490
 Obstetrics References

FL(OSAKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

FL(cm) FL(cm) FL(cm) FL(cm)

GA GA GA GA
±1.5 ±1.5 ±1.5 ±1.5
(w+d) mean (w+d) mean (w+d) mean (w+d) mean
SD SD SD SD
13w0d 0.94 0.32 19w6d 2.99 0.36 26w5d 4.72 0.41 33w4d 6.11 0.44
13w1d 0.98 0.32 20w0d 3.03 0.36 26w6d 4.75 0.41 33w5d 6.14 0.44
13w2d 1.03 0.32 20w1d 3.07 0.36 27w0d 4.78 0.41 33w6d 6.16 0.44
13w3d 1.07 0.32 20w2d 3.11 0.36 27w1d 4.82 0.41 34w0d 6.19 0.44
13w4d 1.12 0.32 20w3d 3.15 0.36 27w2d 4.85 0.41 34w1d 6.21 0.44
13w5d 1.17 0.32 20w4d 3.19 0.36 27w3d 4.88 0.41 34w2d 6.24 0.44
13w6d 1.21 0.33 20w5d 3.23 0.36 27w4d 4.91 0.41 34w3d 6.26 0.45
14w0d 1.26 0.33 20w6d 3.27 0.36 27w5d 4.94 0.41 34w4d 6.29 0.45
14w1d 1.30 0.33 21w0d 3.30 0.36 27w6d 4.97 0.41 34w5d 6.31 0.45
14w2d 1.35 0.33 21w1d 3.34 0.36 28w0d 5.01 0.41 34w6d 6.34 0.45
14w3d 1.39 0.33 21w2d 3.38 0.36 28w1d 5.04 0.41 35w0d 6.36 0.45
14w4d 1.44 0.33 21w3d 3.42 0.36 28w2d 5.07 0.41 35w1d 6.39 0.45
14w5d 1.48 0.33 21w4d 3.46 0.38 28w3d 5.10 0.41 35w2d 6.41 0.45
14w6d 1.53 0.33 21w5d 3.49 0.38 28w4d 5.13 0.41 35w3d 6.43 0.45
15w0d 1.57 0.33 21w6d 3.53 0.38 28w5d 5.16 0.41 35w4d 6.46 0.45
15w1d 1.61 0.33 22w0d 3.57 0.38 28w6d 5.19 0.41 35w5d 6.48 0.45
15w2d 1.66 0.33 22w1d 3.61 0.38 29w0d 5.22 0.41 35w6d 6.50 0.45
15w3d 1.70 0.33 22w2d 3.64 0.38 29w1d 5.25 0.41 36w0d 6.53 0.45
15w4d 1.75 0.33 22w3d 3.68 0.38 29w2d 5.28 0.42 36w1d 6.55 0.45
15w5d 1.79 0.33 22w4d 3.72 0.38 29w3d 5.31 0.42 36w2d 6.57 0.45
15w6d 1.83 0.33 22w5d 3.75 0.38 29w4d 5.34 0.42 36w3d 6.60 0.45
16w0d 1.88 0.33 22w6d 3.79 0.38 29w5d 5.37 0.42 36w4d 6.62 0.45
16w1d 1.92 0.33 23w0d 3.83 0.38 29w6d 5.40 0.42 36w5d 6.64 0.45
16w2d 1.96 0.33 23w1d 3.86 0.38 30w0d 5.43 0.42 36w6d 6.66 0.45
16w3d 2.01 0.35 23w2d 3.90 0.38 30w1d 5.46 0.42 37w0d 6.69 0.47
16w4d 2.05 0.35 23w3d 3.93 0.38 30w2d 5.49 0.42 37w1d 6.71 0.47
16w5d 2.09 0.35 23w4d 3.97 0.38 30w3d 5.52 0.42 37w2d 6.73 0.47
16w6d 2.13 0.35 23w5d 4.01 0.38 30w4d 5.54 0.42 37w3d 6.75 0.47
17w0d 2.18 0.35 23w6d 4.04 0.38 30w5d 5.57 0.42 37w4d 6.77 0.47
17w1d 2.22 0.35 24w0d 4.08 0.38 30w6d 5.60 0.42 37w5d 6.79 0.47
17w2d 2.26 0.35 24w1d 4.11 0.39 31w0d 5.63 0.42 37w6d 6.82 0.47

11-491
 Obstetrics References

17w3d 2.3 0.35 24w2d 4.15 0.39 31w1d 5.66 0.42 38w0d 6.84 0.47
17w4d 2.34 0.35 24w3d 4.18 0.39 31w2d 5.69 0.42 38w1d 6.86 0.47
17w5d 2.39 0.35 24w4d 4.22 0.39 31w3d 5.71 0.42 38w2d 6.88 0.47
17w6d 2.43 0.35 24w5d 4.25 0.39 31w4d 5.74 0.42 38w3d 6.90 0.47
18w0d 2.47 0.35 24w6d 4.28 0.39 31w5d 5.77 0.42 38w4d 6.92 0.47
18w1d 2.51 0.35 25w0d 4.32 0.39 31w6d 5.80 0.44 38w5d 6.94 0.47
18w2d 2.55 0.35 25w1d 4.35 0.39 32w0d 5.82 0.44 38w6d 6.96 0.47
18w3d 2.59 0.35 25w2d 4.39 0.39 32w1d 5.85 0.44 39w0d 6.98 0.47
18w4d 2.63 0.35 25w3d 4.42 0.39 32w2d 5.88 0.44 39w1d 7.00 0.47
18w5d 2.67 0.35 25w4d 4.45 0.39 32w3d 5.90 0.44 39w2d 7.02 0.47
18w6d 2.71 0.35 25w5d 4.49 0.39 32w4d 5.93 0.44 39w3d 7.04 0.47
19w0d 2.75 0.36 25w6d 4.52 0.39 32w5d 5.96 0.44 39w4d 7.06 0.48
19w1d 2.79 0.36 26w0d 4.56 0.39 32w6d 5.98 0.44 39w5d 7.08 0.48
19w2d 2.83 0.36 26w1d 4.59 0.39 33w0d 6.01 0.44 39w6d 7.10 0.48
19w3d 2.87 0.36 26w2d 4.62 0.39 33w1d 6.04 0.44 40w0d 7.12 0.48
19w4d 2.91 0.36 26w3d 4.65 0.39 33w2d 6.06 0.44
19w5d 2.95 0.36 26w4d 4.69 0.39 33w3d 6.09 0.44

11-492
 Obstetrics References

FL(SHINOZUKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y. Department of Obstetrics

and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo “Standard Values
of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry” Jpn J Med Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888;
1996

FL(cm)
GA(weeks)
-1.64SD mean +1.64SD
16 1.71 2.14 2.58
17 1.96 2.40 2.84
18 2.21 2.65 3.10
19 2.46 2.91 3.36
20 2.71 3.16 3.62
21 2.95 3.41 3.88
22 3.19 3.66 4.13
23 3.43 3.91 4.38
24 3.67 4.15 4.63
25 3.90 4.39 4.87
26 4.13 4.62 5.11
27 4.35 4.84 5.34
28 4.56 5.06 5.57
29 4.77 5.28 5.79
30 4.97 5.48 6.00
31 5.16 5.68 6.20
32 5.35 5.87 6.40
33 5.52 6.05 6.58
34 5.69 6.22 6.76
35 5.84 6.38 6.92
36 5.99 6.53 7.08
37 6.12 6.67 7.22
38 6.24 6.80 7.36
39 6.35 6.91 7.47
40 6.44 7.01 7.58
41 6.53 7.10 7.67
42 6.59 7.17 7.75

11-493
 Obstetrics References

FL(TOKYO)
Reference

Norio Shinozuka, Takashi Okai, Masahiko Mizuno Issued by Shindan & Tiryo
Sya Tokyo University, School of Medicine, OB/GYN dept. “How to interpret
OB/GYN ultrasound measurement data”; 80. Fetal Measurement Obstetrics
& Gynecology Chapter 56 Separate volume; 1989, Oct. 27th Publication

50% FL  7.696  GA  10 1  1.118  GA2 10 3  51.63

95% FL  1.336  GA2 10 3  7.028  GA4  10 9  8.813

5% FL  4.376  GA  10 1  4.005  GA2 10 4  26.75

Input Unit: days

Output Unit: cm
Range: 140 ~ 287 days (20w0d ~ 41w0d)
Table values are calculated with the equations above.

GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm)

(days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95%

140 2.67 3.23 3.42 170 3.61 4.16 4.69 200 4.48 5.10 5.76 230 5.27 5.98 6.62 260 6.00 6.70 7.29

141 2.70 3.26 3.47 171 3.64 4.19 4.73 201 4.50 5.13 5.79 231 5.30 6.01 6.65 261 6.02 6.72 7.31

142 2.73 3.29 3.51 172 3.67 4.22 4.77 202 4.53 5.16 5.82 232 5.32 6.04 6.67 262 6.04 6.74 7.33

143 2.76 3.32 3.56 173 3.70 4.25 4.81 203 4.56 5.19 5.85 233 5.35 6.06 6.70 263 6.06 6.76 7.34

144 2.80 3.35 3.60 174 3.73 4.28 4.84 204 4.59 5.22 5.88 234 5.37 6.09 6.72 264 6.09 6.78 7.36

145 2.83 3.38 3.65 175 3.76 4.31 4.88 205 4.61 5.25 5.92 235 5.40 6.12 6.75 265 6.11 6.80 7.38

146 2.86 3.41 3.69 176 3.79 4.35 4.92 206 4.64 5.29 5.95 236 5.42 6.14 6.77 266 6.13 6.82 7.40

147 2.89 3.44 3.73 177 3.82 4.38 4.96 207 4.67 5.32 5.98 237 5.45 6.17 6.80 267 6.15 6.83 7.42

148 2.92 3.47 3.78 178 3.85 4.41 4.99 208 4.69 5.35 6.01 238 5.47 6.19 6.82 268 6.18 6.85 7.43

149 2.96 3.50 3.82 179 3.87 4.44 5.03 209 4.72 5.38 6.04 239 5.50 6.22 6.84 269 6.20 6.87 7.45

150 2.99 3.53 3.87 180 3.90 4.47 5.07 210 4.75 5.41 6.07 240 5.52 6.24 6.87 270 6.22 6.89 7.47

151 3.02 3.56 3.91 181 3.93 4.50 5.10 211 4.78 5.44 6.10 241 5.55 6.27 6.89 271 6.24 6.90 7.48

152 3.05 3.59 3.95 182 3.96 4.54 5.14 212 4.80 5.47 6.13 242 5.57 6.30 6.91 272 6.26 6.92 7.50

153 3.08 3.62 3.99 183 3.99 4.57 5.18 213 4.83 5.50 6.16 243 5.59 6.32 6.94 273 6.29 6.93 7.51

154 3.11 3.65 4.04 184 4.02 4.60 5.21 214 4.86 5.53 6.19 244 5.62 6.34 6.96 274 6.31 6.95 7.53

155 3.15 3.69 4.08 185 4.05 4.63 5.25 215 4.88 5.56 6.22 245 5.64 6.37 6.98 275 6.33 6.97 7.55

156 3.18 3.72 4.12 186 4.08 4.66 5.28 216 4.91 5.58 6.24 246 5.67 6.39 7.00 276 6.35 6.98 7.56

157 3.21 3.75 4.16 187 4.11 4.69 5.32 217 4.94 5.61 6.27 247 5.69 6.42 7.03 277 6.37 6.99 7.58

158 3.24 3.78 4.21 188 4.14 4.73 5.35 218 4.96 5.64 6.30 248 5.71 6.44 7.05 278 6.40 7.01 7.59

11-494
 Obstetrics References

159 3.27 3.81 4.25 189 4.17 4.76 5.39 219 4.99 5.67 6.33 249 5.74 6.46 7.07 279 6.42 7.02 7.61

11
160 3.30 3.84 4.29 190 4.19 4.79 5.42 220 5.01 5.70 6.36 250 5.76 6.49 7.09 280 6.44 7.04 7.62

Safety and Regulatory Information

161 3.33 3.87 4.33 191 4.22 4.82 5.46 221 5.04 5.73 6.38 251 5.79 6.51 7.11 281 6.46 7.05 7.63

162 3.36 3.90 4.37 192 4.25 4.85 5.49 222 5.07 5.76 6.41 252 5.81 6.53 7.13 282 6.48 7.06 7.65

163 3.39 3.93 4.41 193 4.28 4.88 5.53 223 5.09 5.79 6.44 253 5.83 6.55 7.15 283 6.50 7.07 7.66

164 3.42 3.97 4.45 194 4.31 4.91 5.56 224 5.12 5.82 6.47 254 5.86 6.58 7.17 284 6.52 7.08 7.68

165 3.46 4.00 4.49 195 4.34 4.95 5.59 225 5.14 5.84 6.49 255 5.88 6.60 7.19 285 6.54 7.10 7.69

166 3.49 4.03 4.53 196 4.36 4.98 5.63 226 5.17 5.87 6.52 256 5.90 6.62 7.21 286 6.56 7.11 7.70

167 3.52 4.06 4.57 197 4.39 5.01 5.66 227 5.19 5.90 6.55 257 5.93 6.64 7.23 287 6.59 7.12 7.72

168 3.55 4.09 4.61 198 4.42 5.04 5.69 228 5.22 5.93 6.57 258 5.95 6.66 7.25

169 3.58 4.12 4.65 199 4.45 5.07 5.72 229 5.25 5.95 6.60 259 5.97 6.68 7.27

11-495
 Obstetrics References

FL(WARDA)
Reference

Warda A.H.; Deter R.L.; Rossavik I.K.; Carpenter R.J.; Hadlock F.P.
“Fetal Femur Length: A Critical Reevaluation of the Relationship to
Menstrual Age” Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 66: 69-75,
1985

FL = – 3.8929 + 0.42062 × GA – 0.0034513 × GA²

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

GA FL(cm) GA FL(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12 0.60 0.70 0.80 27 4.20 4.90 5.60
13 0.90 1.00 1.10 28 4.50 5.20 5.90
14 1.10 1.30 1.50 29 4.60 5.40 6.20
15 1.40 1.60 1.80 30 4.80 5.60 6.40
16 1.70 2.00 2.30 31 5.00 5.80 6.60
17 2.00 2.30 2.60 32 5.20 6.00 6.80
18 2.20 2.60 3.00 33 5.30 6.20 7.10
19 2.50 2.90 3.30 34 5.50 6.40 7.30
20 2.70 3.10 3.50 35 5.70 6.60 7.50
21 2.90 3.40 3.90 36 5.80 6.80 7.80
22 3.20 3.70 4.20 37 5.90 6.90 7.90
23 3.40 4.00 4.60 38 6.10 7.10 8.10
24 3.60 4.20 4.80 39 6.30 7.30 8.30
25 3.90 4.50 5.10 40 6.40 7.40 8.40
26 4.00 4.70 5.40

11-496
 Obstetrics References

FL(Eik-Nes 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no
GA(Days) FL(mm) GA(Days) FL(mm)
mean SD mean SD
168 42.632 2.257 235 64.818 2.61
169 43.004 2.259 236 65.08 2.614
170 43.379 2.261 237 65.34 2.62
171 43.756 2.265 238 65.599 2.628
172 44.134 2.271 239 65.856 2.637
173 44.514 2.277 240 66.111 2.649
174 44.895 2.286 241 66.364 2.663
175 45.275 2.296 242 66.617 2.678
176 45.656 2.307 243 66.867 2.695
177 46.037 2.32 244 67.116 2.713
178 46.417 2.335 245 67.364 2.732
179 46.797 2.35 246 67.61 2.752
180 47.175 2.366 247 67.854 2.772
181 47.552 2.383 248 68.097 2.793
182 47.928 2.401 249 68.338 2.814
183 48.303 2.418 250 68.578 2.834
184 48.676 2.435 251 68.817 2.854
185 49.047 2.451 252 69.053 2.873
186 49.416 2.468 253 69.288 2.891
187 49.784 2.484 254 69.521 2.908
188 50.15 2.5 255 69.753 2.923
189 50.514 2.516 256 69.982 2.936
190 50.875 2.531 257 70.21 2.948
191 51.235 2.546 258 70.436 2.959
192 51.592 2.56 259 70.66 2.969
193 51.948 2.573 260 70.882 2.978
194 52.301 2.585 261 71.102 2.986
195 52.651 2.597 262 71.32 2.994
196 52.999 2.608 263 71.537 3.002
197 53.345 2.618 264 71.751 3.01
198 53.689 2.628 265 71.963 3.018

11-497
 Obstetrics References

199 54.03 2.636 266 72.174 3.026

200 54.368 2.644 267 72.382 3.035
201 54.704 2.65 268 72.589 3.043
202 55.038 2.654 269 72.794 3.051
203 55.369 2.657 270 72.997 3.058
204 55.698 2.659 271 73.198 3.065
205 56.025 2.661 272 73.397 3.071
206 56.349 2.661 273 73.595 3.077
207 56.671 2.661 274 73.79 3.082
208 56.991 2.661 275 73.985 3.086
209 57.309 2.66 276 74.177 3.09
210 57.624 2.66 277 74.368 3.092
211 57.937 2.66 278 74.557 3.095
212 58.248 2.659 279 74.745 3.096
213 58.556 2.659 280 74.932 3.097
214 58.862 2.658 281 75.117 3.096
215 59.166 2.658 282 75.3 3.095
216 59.468 2.657 283 75.483 3.092
217 59.768 2.656 284 75.664 3.087
218 60.066 2.654 285 75.844 3.081
219 60.361 2.653 286 76.023 3.073
220 60.655 2.651 287 76.201 3.063
221 60.946 2.648 288 76.379 3.052
222 61.236 2.645 289 76.555 3.038
223 61.523 2.642 290 76.731 3.023
224 61.809 2.639 291 76.907 3.005
225 62.092 2.635 292 77.082 2.985
226 62.373 2.631 293 77.257 2.961
227 62.653 2.626 294 77.431 2.934
228 62.93 2.622 295 77.605 2.904
229 63.206 2.617 296 77.779 2.869
230 63.479 2.613 297 77.953 2.83
231 63.751 2.61 298 78.127 2.787
232 64.02 2.608 299 78.301 2.74
233 64.288 2.607 300 78.475 2.689
234 64.554 2.607 301 78.648 2.635

11-498
 Obstetrics References

FTA(OSAKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

FTA(cm2) FTA(cm2) FTA(cm2) FTA(cm2) FTA(cm2)

GA GA GA GA GA
(w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5
SD SD SD SD SD
14w0d 5.60 1.80 19w2d 16.60 3.45 24w4d 31.70 5.85 29w6d 50.20 8.70 35w1d 70.10 12.00

14w1d 5.80 1.80 19w3d 16.90 3.60 24w5d 32.20 5.85 30w0d 50.80 8.70 35w2d 70.60 12.15

14w2d 6.00 1.80 19w4d 17.30 3.60 24w6d 32.60 6.00 30w1d 51.30 8.85 35w3d 71.10 12.30

14w3d 6.30 1.95 19w5d 17.60 3.75 25w0d 33.10 6.00 30w2d 51.80 8.85 35w4d 71.60 12.30

14w4d 6.50 1.95 19w6d 18.00 3.75 25w1d 33.60 6.15 30w3d 52.40 9.00 35w5d 72.20 12.45

14w5d 6.80 1.95 20w0d 18.40 3.75 25w2d 34.10 6.15 30w4d 52.90 9.15 35w6d 72.70 12.60

14w6d 7.10 1.95 20w1d 18.70 3.90 25w3d 34.50 6.30 30w5d 53.40 9.15 36w0d 73.20 12.60

15w0d 7.30 2.10 20w2d 19.10 3.90 25w4d 35.00 6.30 30w6d 54.00 9.30 36w1d 73.70 12.75

15w1d 7.60 2.10 20w3d 19.50 3.90 25w5d 35.50 6.45 31w0d 54.50 9.30 36w2d 74.20 12.90

15w2d 7.80 2.10 20w4d 19.90 4.05 25w6d 36.00 6.45 31w1d 55.00 9.45 36w3d 74.70 12.90

15w3d 8.10 2.25 20w5d 20.20 4.05 26w0d 36.50 6.60 31w2d 55.60 9.60 36w4d 75.20 13.05

15w4d 8.40 2.25 20w6d 20.60 4.20 26w1d 36.90 6.60 31w3d 56.10 9.60 36w5d 75.70 13.20

15w5d 8.70 2.25 21w0d 21.00 4.20 26w2d 37.40 6.75 31w4d 56.70 9.75 36w6d 76.20 13.20

15w6d 8.90 2.25 21w1d 21.40 4.20 26w3d 37.90 6.75 31w5d 57.20 9.75 37w0d 76.80 13.35

16w0d 9.20 2.40 21w2d 21.80 4.35 26w4d 38.40 6.90 31w6d 57.70 9.90 37w1d 77.30 13.50

16w1d 9.50 2.40 21w3d 22.20 4.35 26w5d 38.90 6.90 32w0d 58.30 10.05 37w2d 77.70 13.65

16w2d 9.80 2.40 21w4d 22.60 4.50 26w6d 39.40 7.05 32w1d 58.80 10.05 37w3d 78.20 13.65

16w3d 10.10 2.55 21w5d 23.00 4.50 27w0d 39.90 7.05 32w2d 59.40 10.20 37w4d 78.70 13.80

16w4d 10.40 2.55 21w6d 23.40 4.50 27w1d 40.40 7.20 32w3d 59.90 10.20 37w5d 79.20 13.95

16w5d 10.70 2.55 22w0d 23.80 4.65 27w2d 40.90 7.20 32w4d 60.40 10.35 37w6d 79.70 13.95

16w6d 11.00 2.70 22w1d 24.20 4.65 27w3d 41.40 7.35 32w5d 61.00 10.50 38w0d 80.20 14.10

17w0d 11.30 2.70 22w2d 24.70 4.80 27w4d 41.90 7.35 32w6d 61.50 10.50 38w1d 80.70 14.25

17w1d 11.60 2.70 22w3d 25.10 4.80 27w5d 42.40 7.50 33w0d 62.10 10.65 38w2d 81.10 14.40

17w2d 11.90 2.85 22w4d 25.50 4.95 27w6d 42.90 7.50 33w1d 62.60 10.65 38w3d 81.60 14.40

17w3d 12.20 2.85 22w5d 25.90 4.95 28w0d 43.40 7.65 33w2d 63.10 10.80 38w4d 82.10 14.55

17w4d 12.50 2.85 22w6d 26.40 4.95 28w1d 44.00 7.65 33w3d 63.70 10.95 38w5d 82.60 14.70

17w5d 12.80 3.00 23w0d 26.80 5.10 28w2d 44.50 7.80 33w4d 64.20 10.95 38w6d 83.00 14.70

17w6d 13.20 3.00 23w1d 27.20 5.10 28w3d 45.00 7.80 33w5d 64.70 11.10 39w0d 83.50 14.85

18w0d 13.50 3.00 23w2d 27.70 5.25 28w4d 45.50 7.95 33w6d 65.30 11.25 39w1d 83.90 15.00

18w1d 13.80 3.15 23w3d 28.10 5.25 28w5d 46.00 7.95 34w0d 65.80 11.25 39w2d 84.40 15.15

18w2d 14.10 3.15 23w4d 28.50 5.40 28w6d 46.60 8.10 34w1d 66.40 11.40 39w3d 84.80 15.15

18w3d 14.50 3.15 23w5d 29.00 5.40 29w0d 47.10 8.10 34w2d 66.90 11.40 39w4d 85.30 15.30

11-499
 Obstetrics References

18w4d 14.80 3.30 23w6d 29.40 5.55 29w1d 47.60 8.25 34w3d 67.40 11.55 39w5d 85.70 15.45

18w5d 15.20 3.30 24w0d 29.90 5.55 29w2d 48.10 8.40 34w4d 67.90 11.70 39w6d 86.10 15.60

18w6d 15.50 3.30 24w1d 30.30 5.55 29w3d 48.70 8.40 34w5d 68.50 11.70 40w0d 86.60 15.60

19w0d 15.80 3.45 24w2d 30.80 5.70 29w4d 49.20 8.55 34w6d 69.00 11.85

19w1d 16.20 3.45 24w3d 31.30 5.70 29w5d 49.70 8.55 35w0d 69.50 12.00

11-500
 Obstetrics References

GS(HELLMAN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hellman LM, Kobayashi M, Fillisti L., et al. “Growth and development of the
human fetus prior to the 20th week of gestation”. American Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynecology; March 15; 1969; 789-800

GS = 0.702 × GA – 2.543

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 6.0 weeks
Max Range: 12.0 weeks

GS(cm)
GA(weeks)
-2SD Mean +2SD
06.0 1.03 1.67 2.31
06.5 1.38 2.02 2.66
07.0 1.73 2.37 3.01
07.5 2.08 2.72 3.36
08.0 2.43 3.07 3.71
08.5 2.78 3.42 4.06
09.0 3.14 3.78 4.42
09.5 3.49 4.13 4.77
10.0 3.84 4.48 5.12
10.5 4.19 4.83 5.47
11.0 4.54 5.18 5.82
11.5 4.89 5.53 6.17
12.0 5.24 5.88 6.52

11-501
 Obstetrics References

GS(REMPEN)
Reference

Rempen A. “Biometrie in der Frühgravidität (I. Trimenon)” Der Frauenarzt;

32,4 /1991

GA GS(cm) GA GS(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
4w4d 0.00 0.05 1.10 9w0d 2.61 3.66 4.71
4w5d 0.00 0.18 1.23 9w1d 2.71 3.76 4.81
4w6d 0.00 0.32 1.37 9w2d 2.80 3.85 4.90
5w0d 0.00 0.45 1.50 9w3d 2.90 3.95 5.00
5w1d 0.00 0.58 1.63 9w4d 2.99 4.04 5.09
5w2d 0.00 0.71 1.76 9w5d 3.08 4.13 5.18
5w3d 0.00 0.84 1.89 9w6d 3.17 4.22 5.27
5w4d 0.00 0.97 2.02 10w0d 3.26 4.31 5.36
5w5d 0.04 1.09 2.14 10w1d 3.35 4.40 5.45
5w6d 0.17 1.22 2.27 10w2d 3.44 4.49 5.54
6w0d 0.29 1.34 2.39 10w3d 3.52 4.57 5.62
6w1d 0.41 1.46 2.51 10w4d 3.61 4.66 5.71
6w2d 0.54 1.59 2.64 10w5d 3.69 4.74 5.79
6w3d 0.66 1.71 2.76 10w6d 3.77 4.82 5.87
6w4d 0.78 1.83 2.88 11w0d 3.85 4.90 5.95
6w5d 0.89 1.94 2.99 11w1d 3.93 4.98 6.03
6w6d 1.01 2.06 3.11 11w2d 4.01 5.06 6.11
7w0d 1.12 2.17 3.22 11w3d 4.09 5.14 6.19
7w1d 1.24 2.29 3.34 11w4d 4.16 5.21 6.26
7w2d 1.35 2.40 3.45 11w5d 4.24 5.29 6.34
7w3d 1.46 2.51 3.56 11w6d 4.31 5.36 6.41
7w4d 1.57 2.62 3.67 12w0d 4.38 5.43 6.48
7w5d 1.68 2.73 3.78 12w1d 4.46 5.51 6.56
7w6d 1.79 2.84 3.89 12w2d 4.53 5.58 6.63
8w0d 1.90 2.95 4.00 12w3d 4.59 5.64 6.69
8w1d 2.00 3.05 4.10 12w4d 4.66 5.71 6.76
8w2d 2.11 3.16 4.21 12w5d 4.73 5.78 6.83
8w3d 2.21 3.26 4.31 12w6d 4.79 5.84 6.89
8w4d 2.31 3.36 4.41 13w0d 4.86 5.91 6.96
8w5d 2.41 3.46 4.51 13w1d 4.92 5.97 7.02
8w6d 2.51 3.56 4.61 13w2d 4.98 6.03 7.08

11-502
 Obstetrics References

HC(ASUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA HC(cm) GA HC(cm)
(weeks) Mean ±2SD (weeks) Mean ±2SD
11 5.9 1.5 27 25.0 2.0
12 7.0 1.5 28 26.3 2.0
13 8.4 1.5 29 26.9 2.5
14 9.6 1.5 30 27.4 2.5
15 10.8 1.5 31 28.4 2.5
16 12.8 1.5 32 28.8 2.5
17 14.1 1.5 33 30.0 2.5
18 15.1 2.0 34 30.5 2.5
19 16.0 2.0 35 31.0 2.5
20 17.0 2.0 36 31.7 2.5
21 17.6 2.0 37 32.1 2.5
22 18.8 2.0 38 32.8 2.5
23 21.0 2.0 39 33.6 2.5
24 22.0 2.0 40 34.0 2.5
25 23.1 2.0 41 34.4 2.5
26 23.8 2.0

11-503
 Obstetrics References

HC(CFEF)
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

Input Unit: GA [week]

Output Unit: Percentile [mm]
Min Range: 16 weeks
Max Range: 40 weeks

GA HC(mm)
(week) 3% 10% 50% 90% 97%
16 105.80 110.58 120.86 131.25 136.11
17 118.67 123.78 134.49 145.38 150.39
18 131.08 136.36 147.55 158.92 164.11
19 143.00 148.53 160.29 172.14 177.48
20 154.53 160.21 172.47 184.86 190.54
21 165.41 171.49 184.21 197.12 203.09
22 176.12 182.35 195.74 208.91 215.15
23 186.32 192.31 206.64 220.26 226.76
24 196.19 203.00 217.18 231.39 238.00
25 205.50 212.40 227.32 241.91 248.81
26 214.44 221.57 236.72 252.00 259.23
27 222.87 230.33 246.00 261.75 269.13
28 231.00 238.56 254.77 271.00 278.57
29 238.40 246.35 263.00 279.71 287.56
30 245.86 253.74 270.84 288.13 296.00
31 252.54 260.81 278.33 296.00 304.27
32 258.86 267.22 285.29 303.54 312.00
33 264.62 273.38 292.00 310.40 319.10
34 270.14 279.00 298.10 317.00 325.91
35 275.33 284.23 303.62 323.00 332.16
36 279.79 289.00 308.81 328.75 338.00
37 283.90 293.32 313.52 334.00 343.34
38 287.63 297.29 317.88 338.64 348.29
39 290.88 300.76 321.86 343.00 352.67
40 293.00 303.00 324.00 346.00 356.00

11-504
 Obstetrics References

HC(CHITTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Chitty et al. Br J Obstetric Gynaecology 1994, Vol 101.

HC(mm)
GA(weeks)
-1SD Mean +1SD
12 070.2 075.2 080.2
13 078.7 085.5 092.3
14 096.6 103.1 109.6
15 104.2 111.4 118.6
16 119.6 126.8 134.0
17 124.9 135.4 145.9
18 142.6 151.3 160.0
19 155.9 164.8 173.7
20 163.7 174.0 184.3
21 180.6 188.9 197.2
22 187.4 197.8 208.2
23 197.3 210.0 222.7
24 214.6 223.5 232.4
25 225.6 233.7 241.8
26 233.3 244.8 256.3
27 246.2 256.1 266.0
28 260.2 269.9 279.0
29 275.7 281.9 287.9
30 279.9 287.6 295.3
31 287.6 297.1 306.6
32 293.6 304.8 316.0
33 298.6 310.8 323.0
34 306.0 316.1 326.2
35 311.0 323.3 335.6
36 318.6 331.5 344.4
37 323.1 334.8 346.5
38 317.1 337.3 357.5
39 330.1 340.4 350.7
40 332.6 349.7 366.8
41 341.5 355.9 370.3
42 340.5 352.3 364.1

11-505
 Obstetrics References

HC(HADLOCK)
Reference

Hadlock F.P., Deter R.L.; Harrist R.B., Park S.K. “Estimating Fetal Age:
Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters” Radiology
1984,; 152: 497-501

HC = – 11.48 + 1.56 × GA – 0.0002548 × GA³

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

Standard Deviation (±): 1SD = 1.00 cm

Corresponds to: 16% ~ 84% (-1.00cm ~ +1.00cm)

GA(weeks) HC(cm) GA(weeks) HC(cm)

12.0 06.80 26.5 25.10
12.5 07.50 27.0 25.60
13.0 08.20 27.5 26.10
13.5 08.90 28.0 26.60
14.0 09.70 28.5 27.10
14.5 10.40 29.0 27.50
15.0 11.00 29.5 28.00
15.5 11.70 30.0 28.40
16.0 12.40 30.5 28.80
16.5 13.10 31.0 29.30
17.0 13.80 31.5 29.70
17.5 14.40 32.0 30.10
18.0 15.10 32.5 30.40
18.5 15.80 33.0 30.80
19.0 16.40 33.5 31.20
19.5 17.00 34.0 31.50
20.0 17.70 34.5 31.80
20.5 18.30 35.0 32.20
21.0 18.90 35.5 32.50
21.5 19.50 36.0 32.80

11-506
 Obstetrics References

22.0 20.10 36.5 33.00

11
22.5 20.70 37.0 33.30

Safety and Regulatory Information

23.0 21.30 37.5 33.50
23.5 21.90 38.0 33.80
24.0 22.40 38.5 34.00
24.5 23.00 39.0 34.20
25.0 23.50 39.5 34.40
25.5 24.10 40.0 34.60
26.0 24.60

11-507
 Obstetrics References

HC(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p.434.

HC(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
14 10.60 10.60 10.60
15 10.30 11.50 12.90
16 11.40 12.70 14.10
17 12.50 14.00 15.30
18 13.80 15.20 16.60
19 14.90 16.40 18.00
20 16.10 17.60 19.30
21 17.30 19.00 20.60
22 18.50 20.30 21.90
23 19.80 21.50 23.20
24 21.00 22.60 24.40
25 22.30 24.00 25.70
26 23.40 25.10 26.80
27 24.40 26.30 28.00
28 25.40 27.40 29.00
29 26.30 28.40 30.10
30 27.30 29.30 31.00
31 28.20 30.30 32.00
32 29.00 31.10 32.80
33 29.70 31.80 33.50
34 30.30 32.50 34.30
35 31.00 33.20 34.90
36 31.50 33.70 35.50
37 32.10 34.00 36.00
38 32.50 34.40 36.40
39 32.90 34.70 36.90
40 33.30 34.90 37.20

11-508
 Obstetrics References

HC(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J. C., Cantraine F., Tack B., Bracken M.; “A
longitudinal study of fetal head biometry” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume1; Number 2; January 1984

HC(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
10 02.60 05.00 07.40
11 03.80 06.30 08.70
12 05.10 07.50 10.00
13 06.40 08.80 11.20
14 07.60 10.10 12.50
15 08.90 11.30 13.80
16 10.10 12.60 15.00
17 11.40 13.80 16.30
18 12.60 15.10 17.50
19 13.80 16.30 18.70
20 15.00 17.50 19.90
21 16.20 18.70 21.10
22 17.40 19.80 22.30
23 18.50 21.00 23.40
24 19.60 22.10 24.50
25 20.70 23.20 25.60
26 21.80 24.20 26.60
27 22.80 25.20 27.70
28 23.80 26.20 28.60
29 24.70 27.10 29.60
30 25.60 28.10 30.50
31 26.50 28.90 31.30
32 27.30 29.70 32.20
33 28.10 30.50 32.90
34 28.80 31.20 33.60
35 29.40 31.90 34.30
36 30.00 32.50 34.90

11-509
 Obstetrics References

37 30.60 33.00 35.50

38 31.10 33.50 35.90
39 31.50 33.90 36.40
40 31.90 34.30 36.70

11-510
 Obstetrics References

HC(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

HC(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 05.97 07.21 08.45
13 07.33 08.61 09.89
14 08.67 09.99 11.31
15 09.99 11.35 12.70
16 11.29 12.68 14.07
17 12.56 13.99 15.42
18 13.81 15.27 16.74
19 15.02 16.52 18.03
20 16.21 17.75 19.29
21 17.36 18.94 20.52
22 18.49 20.10 21.71
23 19.57 21.22 22.87
24 20.62 22.31 24.00
25 21.64 23.36 25.09
26 22.61 24.37 26.13
27 23.55 25.34 27.14
28 24.44 26.27 28.11
29 25.29 27.16 29.03
30 26.09 28.00 29.91
31 26.84 28.79 30.73
32 27.55 29.53 31.51
33 28.21 30.22 32.24
34 28.81 30.87 32.92
35 29.36 31.45 33.55
36 29.86 31.99 34.12
37 30.30 32.46 34.63
38 30.68 32.88 35.09

11-511
 Obstetrics References

39 31.00 33.24 35.48

40 31.26 33.54 35.82
41 31.46 33.77 36.09
42 31.59 33.94 36.30

11-512
 Obstetrics References

HC(LESSOWAY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Lessoway,V.A., Schulzer,M., Wittmann,B.K., Gagnon,F.A., Wilson,R.D.,”

Ultrasound fetal biometry charts for a North American Caucasian
population”, J Clin.Ultrasound, Vol. 26, No. 9, 1998, pages 433-453.

Input Unit: weeks + days

Output Unit: mm
Min Range: 12 weeks 0 days
Max Range: 42 weeks 0 days

GA HC(mm) GA HC(mm) GA HC(mm) GA HC(mm)

(Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90% (Age) 10% 50% 90%

12w0d 63.6 76.4 86.6 20w0d 163.0 175.3 188.2 28w0d 252.3 267.8 286.0 36w0d 308.7 327.3 344.8

12w1d 65.4 78.2 88.3 20w1d 164.6 177.1 190.1 28w1d 253.7 269.2 287.5 36w1d 309.4 328.0 345.5

12w2d 67.2 79.9 90.1 20w2d 166.2 178.8 191.9 28w2d 255.1 270.6 288.9 36w2d 310.0 328.6 346.2

12w3d 69.1 81.7 91.9 20w3d 167.8 180.5 193.8 28w3d 256.5 272.0 290.4 36w3d 310.6 329.2 346.9

12w4d 70.9 83.4 93.6 20w4d 169.4 182.3 195.6 28w4d 257.8 273.3 291.8 36w4d 311.2 329.8 347.6

12w5d 72.8 85.2 95.4 20w5d 171.0 184.0 197.5 28w5d 259.2 274.7 293.3 36w5d 311.8 330.4 348.3

12w6d 74.6 87.0 97.2 20w6d 172.6 185.8 199.4 28w6d 260.5 276.0 294.7 36w6d 312.4 331.0 348.9

13w0d 76.4 88.8 99.0 21w0d 174.2 187.5 201.2 29w0d 261.8 277.3 296.1 37w0d 313.0 331.6 349.6

13w1d 78.3 90.5 100.8 21w1d 175.8 189.3 203.1 29w1d 263.1 278.6 297.5 37w1d 313.5 332.1 350.3

13w2d 80.2 92.3 102.5 21w2d 177.4 191.0 204.9 29w2d 264.4 279.9 298.8 37w2d 314.1 332.7 350.9

13w3d 82.0 94.1 104.3 21w3d 179.0 192.8 206.8 29w3d 265.7 281.2 300.2 37w3d 314.6 333.2 351.6

13w4d 83.9 95.9 106.1 21w4d 180.6 194.6 208.6 29w4d 266.9 282.5 301.5 37w4d 315.1 333.7 352.2

13w5d 85.8 97.7 107.9 21w5d 182.2 196.3 210.5 29w5d 268.1 283.8 302.8 37w5d 315.6 334.2 352.9

13w6d 87.7 99.5 109.7 21w6d 183.9 198.1 212.3 29w6d 269.4 285.0 304.1 37w6d 316.1 334.8 353.5

14w0d 89.6 101.3 111.5 22w0d 185.5 199.8 214.2 30w0d 270.6 286.3 305.4 38w0d 316.6 335.3 354.2

14w1d 91.4 103.1 113.3 22w1d 187.1 201.6 216.0 30w1d 271.8 287.5 306.6 38w1d 317.1 335.7 354.9

14w2d 93.3 104.9 115.2 22w2d 188.8 203.3 217.9 30w2d 273.0 288.8 307.9 38w2d 317.5 336.2 355.5

14w3d 95.2 106.8 117.0 22w3d 190.4 205.1 219.7 30w3d 274.1 290.0 309.1 38w3d 318.0 336.7 356.2

14w4d 97.1 108.6 118.8 22w4d 192.0 206.8 221.5 30w4d 275.3 291.2 310.3 38w4d 318.4 337.2 356.9

14w5d 99.0 110.4 120.7 22w5d 193.7 208.6 223.3 30w5d 276.4 292.4 311.5 38w5d 318.9 337.6 357.6

14w6d 100.9 112.2 122.5 22w6d 195.3 210.3 225.1 30w6d 277.5 293.6 312.6 38w6d 319.3 338.1 358.3

15w0d 102.8 114.0 124.3 23w0d 197.0 212.1 227.0 31w0d 278.6 294.8 313.8 39w0d 319.8 338.6 359.0

15w1d 104.7 115.9 126.2 23w1d 198.6 213.8 228.8 31w1d 279.7 295.9 314.9 39w1d 320.2 339.0 359.7

15w2d 106.6 117.7 128.0 23w2d 200.2 215.6 230.6 31w2d 280.8 297.1 316.1 39w2d 320.6 339.5 360.4

15w3d 108.5 119.5 129.9 23w3d 201.9 217.3 232.4 31w3d 281.9 298.2 317.2 39w3d 321.1 339.9 361.1

11-513
 Obstetrics References

15w4d 110.4 121.3 131.7 23w4d 203.5 219.0 234.2 31w4d 282.9 299.4 318.3 39w4d 321.5 340.3 361.9

15w5d 112.2 123.1 133.5 23w5d 205.2 220.8 236.0 31w5d 284.0 300.5 319.3 39w5d 321.9 340.8 362.6

15w6d 114.1 124.9 135.4 23w6d 206.8 222.5 237.8 31w6d 285.0 301.6 320.4 39w6d 322.4 341.2 363.4

16w0d 115.9 126.7 137.2 24w0d 208.4 224.2 239.6 32w0d 286.0 302.7 321.4 40w0d 322.8 341.6 364.2

16w1d 117.8 128.5 139.0 24w1d 210.1 225.9 241.4 32w1d 287.0 303.8 322.5 40w1d 323.3 342.1 364.9

16w2d 119.6 130.3 140.8 24w2d 211.7 227.6 243.2 32w2d 288.0 304.9 323.5 40w2d 323.7 342.5 365.7

16w3d 121.4 132.1 142.7 24w3d 213.3 229.3 244.9 32w3d 289.0 306.0 324.5 40w3d 324.2 343.0 366.5

16w4d 123.2 133.8 144.5 24w4d 214.9 230.9 246.7 32w4d 289.9 307.0 325.5 40w4d 324.6 343.4 367.3

16w5d 125.0 135.6 146.3 24w5d 216.5 232.6 248.5 32w5d 290.9 308.0 326.4 40w5d 325.1 343.8 368.1

16w6d 126.7 137.4 148.1 24w6d 218.1 234.3 250.2 32w6d 291.8 309.1 327.4 40w6d 325.5 344.3 368.9

17w0d 128.5 139.1 150.0 25w0d 219.8 235.9 251.9 33w0d 292.7 310.1 328.3 41w0d 326.0 344.7 369.7

17w1d 130.2 140.8 151.8 25w1d 221.4 237.6 253.7 33w1d 293.6 311.1 329.2 41w1d 326.5 345.1 370.5

17w2d 131.9 142.6 153.6 25w2d 223.0 239.2 255.4 33w2d 294.5 312.0 330.1 41w2d 327.0 345.6 371.4

17w3d 133.7 144.3 155.4 25w3d 224.6 240.8 257.1 33w3d 295.4 313.0 330.9 41w3d 327.5 346.0 372.2

17w4d 135.4 146.0 157.2 25w4d 226.2 242.4 258.8 33w4d 296.2 313.9 331.8 41w4d 327.9 346.4 373.0

17w5d 137.1 147.8 159.1 25w5d 227.8 244.0 260.5 33w5d 297.0 314.9 332.6 41w5d 328.4 346.9 373.8

17w6d 138.7 149.5 160.9 25w6d 229.4 245.6 262.2 33w6d 297.9 315.8 333.5 41w6d 328.9 347.3 374.6

18w0d 140.4 151.2 162.7 26w0d 231.0 247.1 263.9 34w0d 298.7 316.6 334.3 42w0d 329.4 347.8 375.4

18w1d 142.1 152.9 164.5 26w1d 232.5 248.7 265.5 34w1d 299.5 317.5 335.1

18w2d 143.7 154.6 166.3 26w2d 234.1 250.3 267.2 34w2d 300.3 318.4 335.9

18w3d 145.4 156.4 168.1 26w3d 235.7 251.8 268.8 34w3d 301.0 319.2 336.6

18w4d 147.0 158.1 169.9 26w4d 237.3 253.3 270.5 34w4d 301.8 320.0 337.4

18w5d 148.6 159.8 171.8 26w5d 238.8 254.8 272.1 34w5d 302.5 320.8 338.2

18w6d 150.2 161.5 173.6 26w6d 240.4 256.3 273.6 34w6d 303.3 321.6 339.0

19w0d 151.8 163.2 175.4 27w0d 241.9 257.8 275.2 35w0d 304.0 322.4 339.7

19w1d 153.4 165.0 177.2 27w1d 243.4 259.3 276.8 35w1d 304.7 323.1 340.5

19w2d 155.1 166.7 179.1 27w2d 244.9 260.7 278.4 35w2d 305.4 323.9 341.2

19w3d 156.6 168.4 180.9 27w3d 246.4 262.2 279.9 35w3d 306.1 324.6 341.9

19w4d 158.2 170.1 182.7 27w4d 247.9 263.6 281.4 35w4d 306.8 325.3 342.7

19w5d 159.8 171.9 184.6 27w5d 249.4 265.0 283.0 35w5d 307.4 326.0 343.4

19w6d 161.4 173.6 186.4 27w6d 250.8 266.4 284.5 35w6d 308.1 326.6 344.1

11-514
 Obstetrics References

HC(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA HC(cm) GA HC(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 08.00 09.20 10.40 27.5 25.30 26.80 28.40
13.0 08.40 09.60 10.80 28.0 25.80 27.30 28.90
13.5 08.90 10.10 11.30 28.5 26.30 27.80 29.40
14.0 09.40 10.60 11.90 29.0 26.80 28.30 29.90
14.5 10.00 11.20 12.40 29.5 27.20 28.80 30.30
15.0 10.50 11.80 13.00 30.0 27.70 29.20 30.80
15.5 11.10 12.40 13.70 30.5 28.10 29.70 31.30
16.0 11.70 13.00 14.30 31.0 28.50 30.10 31.70
16.5 12.30 13.60 14.90 31.5 28.90 30.50 32.10
17.0 13.00 14.30 15.60 32.0 29.30 30.90 32.50
17.5 13.60 14.90 16.20 32.5 29.70 31.30 32.90
18.0 14.20 15.50 16.80 33.0 30.00 31.60 33.30
18.5 14.80 16.20 17.50 33.5 30.30 32.00 33.60
19.0 15.50 16.80 18.10 34.0 30.70 32.30 34.00
19.5 16.10 17.40 18.80 34.5 31.00 32.60 34.30
20.0 16.70 18.10 19.40 35.0 31.30 32.90 34.60
20.5 17.30 18.70 20.10 35.5 31.50 33.20 34.90
21.0 18.00 19.30 20.70 36.0 31.80 33.50 35.20
21.5 18.60 20.00 21.40 36.5 32.00 33.70 35.40
22.0 19.20 20.60 22.00 37.0 32.20 33.90 35.60
22.5 19.80 21.20 22.60 37.5 32.40 34.10 35.90
23.0 20.40 21.80 23.20 38.0 32.60 34.30 36.10
23.5 21.00 22.40 23.80 38.5 32.70 34.50 36.20
24.0 21.60 23.00 24.40 39.0 32.90 34.60 36.40
24.5 22.10 23.60 25.00 39.5 33.00 34.80 36.50
25.0 22.70 24.10 25.60 40.0 33.10 34.90 36.60
25.5 23.20 24.70 26.20 40.5 33.20 34.90 36.70
26.0 23.80 25.30 26.70 41.0 33.20 35.00 36.80
26.5 24.30 25.80 27.30 41.5 33.20 35.00 36.90
27.0 24.80 26.30 27.80

11-515
 Obstetrics References

HC(NICOLAIDES)
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

HC(cm)
GA(weeks) 95th
5th centile Median
centile
14 10.20 11.00 11.80
15 11.10 12.00 12.90
16 12.00 13.00 14.00
17 13.00 14.10 15.20
18 14.10 15.20 16.40
19 15.10 16.30 17.60
20 16.20 17.50 18.90
21 17.30 18.70 20.10
22 18.40 19.80 21.40
23 19.50 21.00 22.70
24 20.60 22.20 24.00
25 21.70 23.40 25.20
26 22.70 24.50 26.40
27 23.80 25.60 27.70
28 24.80 26.70 28.80
29 25.70 27.70 29.90
30 26.60 28.70 30.90
31 27.40 29.60 31.90
32 28.20 30.40 32.80
33 28.80 31.10 33.60
34 29.40 31.70 34.20
35 29.90 32.30 34.80
36 30.30 32.70 35.30
37 30.60 33.00 35.60
38 30.80 33.20 35.80
39 30.90 33.30 35.90

11-516
 Obstetrics References

HC(Kiserud)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

GA(weeks) HC(mm)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
10 39 40 42 45 49 52 56 59 61
11 49 50 52 56 60 64 68 71 73
12 59 61 63 67 71 76 81 83 86
13 71 72 75 79 84 88 93 96 99
14 82 84 87 91 96 101 106 109 112
15 94 96 99 103 109 114 119 122 125
16 106 108 111 116 121 127 132 136 139
17 118 121 124 128 134 140 145 149 152
18 130 133 136 141 147 153 158 162 165
19 143 145 148 153 159 165 171 175 178
20 155 157 160 166 172 178 184 187 190
21 166 169 172 178 184 190 196 200 203
22 178 181 184 189 196 202 208 212 215
23 189 192 195 201 207 214 220 224 227
24 200 203 206 212 218 225 231 235 239
25 210 213 217 222 229 236 242 246 250
26 220 223 227 233 240 247 253 257 261
27 230 233 237 243 250 257 263 268 271
28 239 242 246 252 259 267 273 277 281
29 248 251 255 261 268 276 283 287 291
30 256 259 263 270 277 285 292 296 300
31 264 267 271 278 285 293 300 305 309
32 271 275 279 285 293 301 309 313 317
33 278 282 286 293 301 309 316 321 325
34 284 288 292 299 307 316 323 328 332
35 290 294 298 305 314 322 330 335 339
36 296 300 304 311 320 328 336 341 345
37 301 305 309 316 325 334 342 347 351
38 305 309 314 321 330 339 347 352 356
39 309 313 318 326 334 343 352 357 361
40 313 317 322 329 338 347 356 361 365

11-517
 Obstetrics References

HL(ASUM)
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway - Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

GA HL(cm) GA HL(cm)
(week) mean ±2SD (week) mean ±2SD
11 0.80 0.30 27 4.70 0.40
12 0.90 0.20 28 5.00 0.50
13 1.10 0.30 29 5.10 0.50
14 1.40 0.40 30 5.20 0.50
15 1.70 0.55 31 5.40 0.50
16 2.10 0.40 32 5.60 0.50
17 2.50 0.50 33 5.70 0.60
18 2.70 0.55 34 5.90 0.55
19 2.90 0.50 35 6.00 0.60
20 3.10 0.50 36 6.20 0.50
21 3.20 0.60 37 6.30 0.60
22 3.50 0.60 38 6.40 0.60
23 3.80 0.40 39 6.50 0.55
24 4.00 0.60 40 6.60 0.60
25 4.30 0.50 41 6.80 0.60
26 4.40 0.40

11-518
 Obstetrics References

HL(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Cantraine F., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Struyven J. “A
longitudinal Study of fetal limb growth” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume 1; Number 2; January 1984; 136-141

HUM  1.624  0.076315  GA  0.01683  GA2  0.00056212  GA3  5.5666  GA4 106

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

HL(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 0.40 0.90 1.30
13 0.70 1.10 1.50
14 1.00 1.40 1.80
15 1.30 1.70 2.10
16 1.60 2.00 2.40
17 1.80 2.20 2.70
18 2.10 2.50 2.90
19 2.40 2.80 3.20
20 2.60 3.00 3.40
21 2.90 3.30 3.70
22 3.10 3.50 3.90
23 3.30 3.80 4.20
24 3.60 4.00 4.40
25 3.80 4.20 4.60
26 4.00 4.40 4.80
27 4.20 4.60 5.00
28 4.40 4.80 5.20
29 4.60 5.00 5.40
30 4.70 5.10 5.60
31 4.90 5.30 5.70

11-519
 Obstetrics References

32 5.10 5.50 5.90

33 5.20 5.60 6.00
34 5.40 5.80 6.20
35 5.50 5.90 6.30
36 5.60 6.10 6.50
37 5.80 6.20 6.60
38 5.90 6.30 6.70
39 6.10 6.50 6.90
40 6.20 6.60 7.00

11-520
 Obstetrics References

HL(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA HL(cm) GA HL(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 0.50 0.80 1.10 27.5 4.40 4.70 5.10
13.0 0.70 1.00 1.30 28.0 4.50 4.80 5.20
13.5 0.90 1.20 1.50 28.5 4.50 4.90 5.30
14.0 1.00 1.30 1.70 29.0 4.60 5.00 5.40
14.5 1.20 1.50 1.80 29.5 4.70 5.10 5.50
15.0 1.40 1.70 2.00 30.0 4.80 5.20 5.60
15.5 1.50 1.80 2.20 30.5 4.90 5.30 5.70
16.0 1.70 2.00 2.30 31.0 5.00 5.40 5.80
16.5 1.80 2.10 2.50 31.5 5.10 5.50 5.90
17.0 2.00 2.30 2.60 32.0 5.10 5.50 6.00
17.5 2.10 2.40 2.80 32.5 5.20 5.60 6.00
18.0 2.20 2.60 2.90 33.0 5.30 5.70 6.10
18.5 2.40 2.70 3.00 33.5 5.40 5.80 6.20
19.0 2.50 2.80 3.20 34.0 5.40 5.90 6.30
19.5 2.60 3.00 3.30 34.5 5.50 5.90 6.30
20.0 2.70 3.10 3.40 35.0 5.60 6.00 6.40
20.5 2.90 3.20 3.60 35.5 5.60 6.10 6.50
21.0 3.00 3.30 3.70 36.0 5.70 6.10 6.60
21.5 3.10 3.50 3.80 36.5 5.80 6.20 6.60
22.0 3.20 3.60 3.90 37.0 5.80 6.30 6.70
22.5 3.30 3.70 4.00 37.5 5.90 6.30 6.80
23.0 3.40 3.80 4.20 38.0 5.90 6.40 6.80
23.5 3.60 3.90 4.30 38.5 6.00 6.40 6.90
24.0 3.70 4.00 4.40 39.0 6.00 6.50 6.90
24.5 3.80 4.10 4.50 39.5 6.10 6.50 7.00
25.0 3.90 4.20 4.60 40.0 6.10 6.60 7.00
25.5 4.00 4.30 4.70 40.5 6.10 6.60 7.10
26.0 4.10 4.50 4.80 41.0 6.20 6.60 7.10
26.5 4.20 4.60 4.90 41.5 6.20 6.70 7.10
27.0 4.30 4.70 5.00

11-521
 Obstetrics References

HL(OSAKA)
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5

HL(cm) HL(cm) HL(cm) HL(cm) HL(cm)

GA GA GA GA GA
(w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5 (w+d) mean ±1.5
SD SD SD SD SD
13w0d 1.01 0.30 18w3d 2.52 0.33 23w6d 3.79 0.36 29w2d 4.83 0.39 34w5d 5.62 0.41

13w1d 1.05 0.30 18w4d 2.56 0.33 24w0d 3.82 0.36 29w3d 4.85 0.39 34w6d 5.64 0.41

13w2d 1.09 0.30 18w5d 2.59 0.33 24w1d 3.85 0.36 29w4d 4.87 0.39 35w0d 5.65 0.42

13w3d 1.14 0.30 18w6d 2.63 0.33 24w2d 3.88 0.36 29w5d 4.90 0.39 35w1d 5.67 0.42

13w4d 1.18 0.30 19w0d 2.67 0.33 24w3d 3.91 0.36 29w6d 4.92 0.39 35w2d 5.69 0.42

13w5d 1.22 0.30 19w1d 2.70 0.33 24w4d 3.94 0.36 30w0d 4.94 0.39 35w3d 5.71 0.42

13w6d 1.26 0.32 19w2d 2.74 0.33 24w5d 3.97 0.36 30w1d 4.97 0.39 35w4d 5.72 0.42

14w0d 1.31 0.32 19w3d 2.77 0.33 24w6d 4.00 0.36 30w2d 4.99 0.39 35w5d 5.74 0.42

14w1d 1.35 0.32 19w4d 2.81 0.33 25w0d 4.03 0.36 30w3d 5.01 0.39 35w6d 5.76 0.42

14w2d 1.39 0.32 19w5d 2.84 0.33 25w1d 4.06 0.36 30w4d 5.04 0.39 36w0d 5.77 0.42

14w3d 1.43 0.32 19w6d 2.88 0.35 25w2d 4.09 0.36 30w5d 5.06 0.39 36w1d 5.79 0.42

14w4d 1.47 0.32 20w0d 2.91 0.35 25w3d 4.12 0.36 30w6d 5.08 0.39 36w2d 5.80 0.42

14w5d 1.51 0.32 20w1d 2.95 0.35 25w4d 4.14 0.36 31w0d 5.10 0.39 36w3d 5.82 0.42

14w6d 1.55 0.32 20w2d 2.98 0.35 25w5d 4.17 0.36 31w1d 5.12 0.39 36w4d 5.84 0.42

15w0d 1.59 0.32 20w3d 3.02 0.35 25w6d 4.20 0.36 31w2d 5.15 0.39 36w5d 5.85 0.42

15w1d 1.63 0.32 20w4d 3.05 0.35 26w0d 4.23 0.38 31w3d 5.17 0.39 36w6d 5.87 0.42

15w2d 1.67 0.32 20w5d 3.09 0.35 26w1d 4.26 0.38 31w4d 5.19 0.39 37w0d 5.88 0.42

15w3d 1.71 0.32 20w6d 3.12 0.35 26w2d 4.28 0.38 31w5d 5.21 0.39 37w1d 5.90 0.42

15w4d 1.75 0.32 21w0d 3.15 0.35 26w3d 4.31 0.38 31w6d 5.23 0.39 37w2d 5.91 0.42

15w5d 1.79 0.32 21w1d 3.19 0.35 26w4d 4.34 0.38 32w0d 5.25 0.41 37w3d 5.93 0.42

15w6d 1.83 0.32 21w2d 3.22 0.35 26w5d 4.37 0.38 32w1d 5.27 0.41 37w4d 5.94 0.42

16w0d 1.87 0.32 21w3d 3.25 0.35 26w6d 4.39 0.38 32w2d 5.29 0.41 37w5d 5.95 0.42

16w1d 1.91 0.32 21w4d 3.29 0.35 27w0d 4.42 0.38 32w3d 5.31 0.41 37w6d 5.97 0.42

16w2d 1.95 0.32 21w5d 3.32 0.35 27w1d 4.45 0.38 32w4d 5.33 0.41 38w0d 5.98 0.44

16w3d 1.99 0.32 21w6d 3.35 0.35 27w2d 4.47 0.38 32w5d 5.35 0.41 38w1d 6.00 0.44

16w4d 2.03 0.32 22w0d 3.38 0.35 27w3d 4.50 0.38 32w6d 5.37 0.41 38w2d 6.01 0.44

16w5d 2.07 0.32 22w1d 3.42 0.35 27w4d 4.53 0.38 33w0d 5.39 0.41 38w3d 6.02 0.44

16w6d 2.11 0.33 22w2d 3.45 0.35 27w5d 4.55 0.38 33w1d 5.41 0.41 38w4d 6.04 0.44

17w0d 2.15 0.33 22w3d 3.48 0.35 27w6d 4.58 0.38 33w2d 5.43 0.41 38w5d 6.05 0.44

17w1d 2.18 0.33 22w4d 3.51 0.35 28w0d 4.60 0.38 33w3d 5.45 0.41 38w6d 6.06 0.44

17w2d 2.22 0.33 22w5d 3.54 0.35 28w1d 4.63 0.38 33w4d 5.47 0.41 39w0d 6.08 0.44

17w3d 2.26 0.33 22w6d 3.58 0.36 28w2d 4.65 0.38 33w5d 5.49 0.41 39w1d 6.09 0.44

11-522
 Obstetrics References

17w4d 2.30 0.33 23w0d 3.61 0.36 28w3d 4.68 0.38 33w6d 5.51 0.41 39w2d 6.10 0.44

11
17w5d 2.34 0.33 23w1d 3.64 0.36 28w4d 4.70 0.38 34w0d 5.53 0.41 39w3d 6.11 0.44

Safety and Regulatory Information

17w6d 2.37 0.33 23w2d 3.67 0.36 28w5d 4.73 0.38 34w1d 5.55 0.41 39w4d 6.13 0.44

18w0d 2.41 0.33 23w3d 3.7 0.36 28w6d 4.75 0.38 34w2d 5.57 0.41 39w5d 6.14 0.44

18w1d 2.45 0.33 23w4d 3.73 0.36 29w0d 4.78 0.39 34w3d 5.58 0.41 39w6d 6.15 0.44

18w2d 2.48 0.33 23w5d 3.76 0.36 29w1d 4.80 0.39 34w4d 5.60 0.41 40w0d 6.16 0.44

11-523
 Obstetrics References

MAD(EIK-NES)
Reference

Eik-Nes SH, Jorgensen NP, Grottum P, Lokvik B “Normal range curves for the
intrauterine growth of the fetal abdominal diameters” Submitted JCU

MAD(cm)
GA(Age)
-2SD Mean +2SD
20 3.81 4.55 5.35
21 4.10 4.85 5.60
22 4.30 5.15 5.90
23 4.60 5.45 6.25
24 4.90 5.75 6.60
25 5.20 6.10 6.90
26 5.55 6.50 7.40
27 5.90 6.90 7.85
28 6.25 7.30 8.30
29 6.65 7.65 8.70
30 7.00 8.00 9.05
31 7.35 8.35 9.40
32 7.70 8.70 9.75
33 8.05 9.00 10.05
34 8.35 9.35 10.35
35 8.65 9.65 10.65
36 8.90 9.90 10.90
37 9.15 10.15 11.15
38 9.40 10.40 11.40
39 9.65 10.65 11.65
40 9.85 10.85 11.80

11-524
 Obstetrics References

MAD(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

MAD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 1.45 1.81 2.18
13 1.79 2.19 2.58
14 2.14 2.55 2.97
15 2.48 2.92 3.36
16 2.82 3.29 3.75
17 3.16 3.65 4.14
18 3.49 4.01 4.52
19 3.82 4.36 4.90
20 4.15 4.71 5.28
21 4.47 5.06 5.65
22 4.80 5.41 6.02
23 5.11 5.75 6.39
24 5.43 6.09 6.75
25 5.74 6.42 7.11
26 6.04 6.75 7.47
27 6.34 7.08 7.82
28 6.64 7.40 8.16
29 6.93 7.72 8.50
30 7.22 8.03 8.84
31 7.50 8.34 9.17
32 7.78 8.64 9.50
33 8.05 8.94 9.82
34 8.32 9.23 10.14
35 8.58 9.51 10.45
36 8.84 9.79 10.75
37 9.09 10.07 11.05
38 9.33 10.34 11.34

11-525
 Obstetrics References

39 9.57 10.60 11.63

40 9.80 10.85 11.91
41 10.02 11.10 12.18
42 10.24 11.34 12.45

11-526
 Obstetrics References

MAD(EIK-NES 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no
GA(Days) MAD(mm) GA(Days) MAD(mm)
mean SD mean SD
168 60.076 2.87 235 93.133 4.538
169 60.554 2.864 236 93.566 4.577
170 61.039 2.859 237 93.997 4.621
171 61.528 2.856 238 94.425 4.668
172 62.023 2.854 239 94.85 4.72
173 62.522 2.854 240 95.274 4.776
174 63.025 2.857 241 95.696 4.835
175 63.532 2.863 242 96.116 4.899
176 64.042 2.872 243 96.535 4.966
177 64.554 2.885 244 96.952 5.035
178 65.068 2.902 245 97.368 5.107
179 65.585 2.923 246 97.783 5.18
180 66.103 2.947 247 98.198 5.255
181 66.622 2.976 248 98.611 5.331
182 67.142 3.007 249 99.024 5.407
183 67.662 3.04 250 99.435 5.484
184 68.183 3.075 251 99.846 5.562
185 68.704 3.112 252 100.255 5.639
186 69.225 3.15 253 100.663 5.717
187 69.746 3.188 254 101.069 5.795
188 70.266 3.227 255 101.474 5.873
189 70.786 3.265 256 101.878 5.952
190 71.305 3.302 257 102.279 6.032
191 71.822 3.338 258 102.679 6.112
192 72.339 3.374 259 103.077 6.194
193 72.855 3.409 260 103.473 6.276
194 73.369 3.444 261 103.867 6.36
195 73.883 3.478 262 104.26 6.444
196 74.395 3.513 263 104.65 6.529
197 74.905 3.549 264 105.038 6.613
198 75.415 3.585 265 105.424 6.697

11-527
 Obstetrics References

199 75.923 3.622 266 105.807 6.781

200 76.43 3.66 267 106.187 6.863
201 76.936 3.698 268 106.565 6.945
202 77.44 3.734 269 106.94 7.024
203 77.944 3.771 270 107.312 7.103
204 78.446 3.806 271 107.681 7.179
205 78.947 3.84 272 108.046 7.253
206 79.447 3.874 273 108.408 7.324
207 79.945 3.908 274 108.766 7.389
208 80.442 3.942 275 109.121 7.45
209 80.938 3.975 276 109.471 7.503
210 81.433 4.008 277 109.818 7.548
211 81.926 4.04 278 110.159 7.584
212 82.418 4.072 279 110.497 7.611
213 82.908 4.102 280 110.83 7.629
214 83.396 4.13 281 111.157 7.637
215 83.883 4.156 282 111.48 7.633
216 84.368 4.18 283 111.797 7.618
217 84.852 4.201 284 112.108 7.591
218 85.333 4.22 285 112.414 7.553
219 85.813 4.237 286 112.713 7.504
220 86.29 4.252 287 113.007 7.445
221 86.765 4.267 288 113.295 7.379
222 87.238 4.28 289 113.577 7.306
223 87.709 4.294 290 113.854 7.228
224 88.177 4.309 291 114.125 7.144
225 88.642 4.323 292 114.391 7.056
226 89.105 4.337 293 114.653 6.963
227 89.564 4.351 294 114.91 6.866
228 90.021 4.367 295 115.163 6.763
229 90.475 4.383 296 115.413 6.655
230 90.925 4.401 297 115.66 6.542
231 91.373 4.422 298 115.905 6.423
232 91.818 4.445 299 116.148 6.298
233 92.259 4.472 300 116.389 6.167
234 92.698 4.503 301 116.63 6.032

11-528
 Obstetrics References

MAD(Kiserud)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

GA(weeks) MAD(mm)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
10 9 9 10 11 11 13 14 14 15
11 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 18
12 15 15 16 17 18 19 21 21 22
13 18 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 26
14 21 21 22 23 25 27 28 29 30
15 24 25 26 27 29 30 32 33 34
16 27 28 29 31 32 34 36 37 38
17 31 32 33 34 36 38 40 41 42
18 34 35 36 38 40 42 44 45 46
19 38 39 40 41 43 46 48 49 50
20 41 42 43 45 47 49 51 53 54
21 44 45 46 48 51 53 55 57 58
22 48 49 50 52 54 57 59 60 62
23 51 52 53 55 58 60 63 64 66
24 54 55 57 59 61 64 67 68 70
25 58 59 60 62 65 68 70 72 73
26 61 62 63 66 68 71 74 76 77
27 64 65 66 69 72 75 78 79 81
28 67 68 70 72 75 78 81 83 85
29 70 71 73 75 79 82 85 87 88
30 73 74 76 79 82 85 88 90 92
31 76 77 79 82 85 89 92 94 96
32 79 80 82 85 88 92 95 97 99
33 82 83 85 88 92 95 99 101 103
34 84 86 88 91 95 99 102 104 106
35 87 89 91 94 98 102 106 108 110
36 90 91 93 97 101 105 109 111 113
37 92 94 96 100 104 108 112 115 117
38 95 97 99 103 107 111 115 118 120
39 98 99 102 105 110 114 119 121 123
40 100 102 104 108 113 117 122 124 127

11-529
 Obstetrics References

MCA PI(BAHLMAN)
Reference

Bahlmann F, Reinhard I, Krummenauer F, Neubert S, Macchiella D, Wellek S.

Blood flow velocity waveforms of the fetal middle cerebral artery in a normal
population: reference values from 18 weeks to 42 weeks of gestation.
J.Perinat.Med. 2002;30:490-501

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: index
Range: 18 ~ 42 weeks

MCA PI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
18 1.01 1.51 2.02
19 1.13 1.59 2.11
20 1.19 1.67 2.18
21 1.26 1.73 2.25
22 1.31 1.78 2.30
23 1.35 1.83 2.35
24 1.39 1.87 2.40
25 1.41 1.90 2.43
26 1.43 1.92 2.45
27 1.44 1.93 2.47
28 1.45 1.94 2.48
29 1.44 1.94 2.48
30 1.43 1.92 2.47
31 1.40 1.90 2.45
32 1.37 1.88 2.43
33 1.33 1.84 2.39
34 1.29 1.80 2.35
35 1.23 1.74 2.30
36 1.17 1.68 2.24
37 1.09 1.61 2.17
38 1.01 1.53 2.10
39 0.92 1.45 2.02
40 0.83 1.35 1.92
41 0.72 1.25 1.82
42 0.61 1.14 1.72

11-530
 Obstetrics References

MCA PI(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

95% MCAPI  5.60  10 3  GA2  3.31 10 1  GA  2.39

50% MCAPI  5.20  10 3  GA2  3.10  10 1  GA  2.68

5% MCAPI  3.10  10 3  GA2  1.74  10 1  GA  9.69  10 1

Input Unit: weeks
Output Unit: index
Range: 20 ~ 41 weeks
The table values are calculated from the equations above.

MCAPI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
20 1.271 1.440 1.990
21 1.318 1.537 2.091
22 1.359 1.623 2.182
23 1.393 1.699 2.261
24 1.421 1.765 2.328
25 1.444 1.820 2.385
26 1.459 1.865 2.430
27 1.469 1.899 2.465
28 1.473 1.923 2.488
29 1.470 1.937 2.499
30 1.461 1.940 2.500
31 1.446 1.933 2.489
32 1.425 1.915 2.468
33 1.397 1.887 2.435
34 1.363 1.849 2.390
35 1.324 1.800 2.335
36 1.277 1.741 2.268
37 1.225 1.671 2.191

11-531
 Obstetrics References

38 1.167 1.591 2.102

39 1.102 1.501 2.001
40 1.031 1.400 1.890
41 0.954 1.289 1.767

11-532
 Obstetrics References

MCA PS(MARI)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Mari,G., et. al. “Noninvasive diagnosis by Doppler ultrasonography of fetal

anemia due to maternal red-cell alloimmunization. Collaborative Group for
Doppler Assessment of the Blood Velocity in Anemic Fetuses”, N.Engl.J Med.
Vol. 342 No. 1, 2000, pages 9-14

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm/sec
Range: 18 ~ 40 weeks

MCA PS
GA
(weeks) Mild Moderate Severe
(1.29xMedian) (1.50xMedian) (1.55xMedian)
18 29.9 34.8 36.0
20 32.8 38.2 39.5
22 36.0 41.9 43.3
24 39.5 46.0 47.5
26 43.3 50.4 52.1
28 47.6 55.4 57.2
30 52.2 60.7 62.8
32 57.3 66.6 68.9
34 62.9 73.1 75.6
36 69.0 80.2 82.9
38 75.7 88.0 91.0
40 83.0 96.6 99.8

11-533
 Obstetrics References

MCA RI(BAHLMAN)
Reference

Bahlmann F, Reinhard I, Krummenauer F, Neubert S, Macchiella D, Wellek S.

Blood flow velocity waveforms of the fetal middle cerebral artery in a normal
population: reference values from 18 weeks to 42 weeks of gestation.
J.Perinat.Med. 2002;30:490-501.

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm/sec
Range: 18 ~ 40 weeks

MCA RI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
18 0.544 0.687 0.787
19 0.574 0.708 0.808
20 0.592 0.727 0.828
21 0.608 0.744 0.846
22 0.622 0.758 0.861
23 0.633 0.771 0.874
24 0.643 0.782 0.886
25 0.651 0.790 0.895
26 0.656 0.796 0.902
27 0.659 0.801 0.907
28 0.661 0.803 0.910
29 0.660 0.803 0.911
30 0.657 0.801 0.910
31 0.652 0.798 0.907
32 0.645 0.792 0.902
33 0.636 0.783 0.894
34 0.625 0.773 0.885
35 0.612 0.761 0.873
36 0.597 0.747 0.860
37 0.579 0.730 0.844
38 0.560 0.712 0.826
39 0.539 0.692 0.807
40 0.515 0.669 0.785

11-534
 Obstetrics References

MCA RI(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

95% MCARI  7.00  104 GA2  4.09  102 GA  3.33  101

50% MCARI  9.00 10 4  GA2  5.40  10 2  GA  5.54  10 2

5% MCARI  9.00 10 4  GA2  5.06  10 2  GA  6.48  10 2

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: index
Range: 20 ~ 41 weeks
The table values are calculated from the equations above.

MCA RI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
20 0.717 0.775 0.871
21 0.731 0.793 0.883
22 0.742 0.808 0.894
23 0.753 0.821 0.903
24 0.761 0.833 0.911
25 0.767 0.843 0.918
26 0.772 0.851 0.923
27 0.775 0.857 0.927
28 0.776 0.862 0.929
29 0.775 0.865 0.930
30 0.773 0.865 0.930
31 0.769 0.865 0.928
32 0.762 0.862 0.925
33 0.755 0.857 0.920
34 0.745 0.851 0.914
35 0.733 0.843 0.907
36 0.720 0.833 0.898
37 0.705 0.821 0.888

11-535
 Obstetrics References

38 0.688 0.808 0.876

39 0.669 0.793 0.863
40 0.649 0.775 0.849
41 0.627 0.757 0.833

11-536
 Obstetrics References

OFD(ASUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

“Ultrasonic fetal Measurement Standards for an Australian Population”,

compiled by Susan Campbell Westerway ñ Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Sydney.
http://www.asum.com.au/open/home.htm
Date: December 2003

OFD(cm)
GA(week)
mean ±2SD
11 2.10 0.20
12 2.40 0.20
13 2.90 0.30
14 3.40 0.30
15 3.80 0.30
16 4.60 0.30
17 5.00 0.30
18 5.40 0.35
19 5.70 0.35
20 6.10 0.35
21 6.30 0.40
22 6.80 0.35
23 7.60 0.40
24 7.90 0.40
25 8.20 0.45
26 8.40 0.45
27 8.60 0.45
28 9.50 0.50
29 9.70 0.55
30 9.80 0.55
31 10.10 0.50
32 10.20 0.50
33 10.70 0.55
34 10.80 0.55
35 10.90 0.55
36 11.20 0.55

11-537
 Obstetrics References

37 11.30 0.60
38 11.60 0.55
39 11.90 0.60
40 12.00 0.60
41 12.20 0.60

11-538
 Obstetrics References

OFD(HANSMANN)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986

OFD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
14 3.10 3.10 3.10
15 3.20 3.80 4.20
16 3.60 4.10 4.60
17 4.10 4.60 5.10
18 4.50 5.00 5.50
19 4.90 5.40 6.00
20 5.30 5.80 6.40
21 5.70 6.30 6.90
22 6.10 6.70 7.30
23 6.50 7.20 7.80
24 6.90 7.60 8.20
25 7.30 8.00 8.70
26 7.60 8.40 9.10
27 8.00 8.80 9.50
28 8.30 9.10 9.80
29 8.70 9.50 10.10
30 8.90 9.80 10.50
31 9.20 10.00 10.70
32 9.50 10.30 11.00
33 9.70 10.50 11.20
34 9.90 10.70 11.50
35 10.10 10.90 11.70
36 10.30 11.10 11.80
37 10.40 11.20 12.00
38 10.50 11.30 12.10
39 10.60 11.40 12.30
40 10.70 11.50 12.40

11-539
 Obstetrics References

OFD(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Bracken M., Cantraine F
“A longitudinal study of fetal head biometry” American Journal of
Perinatology; Volume 1; Number 2; January 1984

OFD = – 2.6934 + 0.37701 × GA + 0.0046395 × GA² – 0.00012939 × GA³

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 10.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

OFD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
10 0.70 1.40 2.10
11 1.10 1.80 2.50
12 1.60 2.30 3.00
13 2.00 2.70 3.40
14 2.40 3.10 3.80
15 2.90 3.60 4.30
16 3.30 4.00 4.70
17 3.70 4.40 5.10
18 4.10 4.80 5.50
19 4.60 5.30 6.00
20 5.00 5.70 6.40
21 5.40 6.10 6.80
22 5.80 6.50 7.20
23 6.20 6.90 7.60
24 6.50 7.20 7.90
25 6.90 7.60 8.30
26 7.30 8.00 8.70
27 7.60 8.30 9.00
28 8.00 8.70 9.40
29 8.30 9.00 9.70
30 8.60 9.30 10.00
31 8.90 9.60 10.30

11-540
 Obstetrics References

32 9.20 9.90 10.60

11
33 9.50 10.20 10.80

Safety and Regulatory Information

34 9.70 10.40 11.10
35 9.90 10.60 11.30
36 10.20 10.90 11.60
37 10.40 11.10 11.80
38 10.50 11.20 11.90
39 10.70 11.40 12.10
40 10.80 11.50 12.20

11-541
 Obstetrics References

OFD(KURMANAVICIUS)
Reference

Standard-Tabellen und Kurven für Ultraschall-/Dopplersonografie, Dept.

Frauenheilkunde Klinik für Geburtshilfe; Copyright (1997) J. Kurmanavicius
et al Prof. Dr. A. Huch

OFD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 2.02 2.46 2.91
13 2.49 2.96 3.43
14 2.96 3.45 3.94
15 3.43 3.93 4.44
16 3.88 4.41 4.94
17 4.32 4.87 5.42
18 4.76 5.32 5.89
19 5.18 5.77 6.35
20 5.59 6.20 6.81
21 5.99 6.62 7.24
22 6.37 7.02 7.67
23 6.75 7.41 8.08
24 7.11 7.79 8.48
25 7.45 8.16 8.87
26 7.78 8.51 9.24
27 8.09 8.84 9.59
28 8.39 9.16 9.93
29 8.67 9.46 10.25
30 8.93 9.74 10.55
31 9.18 10.01 10.84
32 9.41 10.25 11.10
33 9.61 10.48 11.35
34 9.80 10.69 11.58
35 9.97 10.88 11.78
36 10.11 11.04 11.97
37 10.24 11.19 12.13
38 10.34 11.31 12.28

11-542
 Obstetrics References

39 10.42 11.41 12.40

11
40 10.47 11.48 12.49

Safety and Regulatory Information

41 10.51 11.53 12.56
42 10.51 11.56 12.61

11-543
 Obstetrics References

OFD(MERZ)
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17(1996) 153-162

GA OFD(cm) GA OFD(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 2.60 3.00 3.40 27.5 8.40 9.00 9.50
13.0 2.80 3.20 3.60 28.0 8.60 9.10 9.70
13.5 2.90 3.40 3.80 28.5 8.70 9.30 9.80
14.0 3.10 3.50 4.00 29.0 8.90 9.40 10.00
14.5 3.30 3.70 4.10 29.5 9.00 9.60 10.10
15.0 3.50 3.90 4.30 30.0 9.20 9.70 10.30
15.5 3.70 4.10 4.60 30.5 9.30 9.90 10.40
16.0 3.90 4.30 4.80 31.0 9.40 10.00 10.60
16.5 4.10 4.50 5.00 31.5 9.60 10.10 10.70
17.0 4.30 4.70 5.20 32.0 9.70 10.20 10.80
17.5 4.50 5.00 5.40 32.5 9.80 10.40 11.00
18.0 4.70 5.20 5.60 33.0 9.90 10.50 11.10
18.5 4.90 5.40 5.90 33.5 10.00 10.60 11.20
19.0 5.10 5.60 6.10 34.0 10.10 10.70 11.30
19.5 5.40 5.80 6.30 34.5 10.20 10.80 11.40
20.0 5.60 6.00 6.50 35.0 10.30 10.90 11.50
20.5 5.80 6.30 6.70 35.5 10.30 11.00 11.60
21.0 6.00 6.50 6.90 36.0 10.40 11.00 11.60
21.5 6.20 6.70 7.20 36.5 10.50 11.10 11.70
22.0 6.40 6.90 7.40 37.0 10.50 11.20 11.80
22.5 6.60 7.10 7.60 37.5 10.60 11.20 11.90
23.0 6.80 7.30 7.80 38.0 10.60 11.30 11.90
23.5 7.00 7.50 8.00 38.5 10.70 11.30 12.00
24.0 7.20 7.70 8.20 39.0 10.70 11.40 12.00
24.5 7.40 7.90 8.40 39.5 10.80 11.40 12.00
25.0 7.50 8.10 8.60 40.0 10.80 11.40 12.10
25.5 7.70 8.20 8.80 40.5 10.80 11.40 12.10
26.0 7.90 8.40 9.00 41.0 10.80 11.50 12.10
26.5 8.10 8.60 9.10 41.5 10.80 11.50 12.10
27.0 8.20 8.80 9.30

11-544
 Obstetrics References

OFD(NICOLAIDES)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

OFD(cm)
GA(weeks) 95th
5th centile Median
centile
14 3.50 3.90 4.20
15 3.90 4.20 4.60
16 4.20 4.60 5.00
17 4.60 5.00 5.40
18 5.00 5.40 5.90
19 5.40 5.80 6.30
20 5.70 6.20 6.80
21 6.10 6.70 7.20
22 6.50 7.10 7.70
23 6.90 7.50 8.20
24 7.30 7.90 8.60
25 7.70 8.30 9.00
26 8.10 8.70 9.50
27 8.40 9.10 9.90
28 8.70 9.50 10.30
29 9.10 9.80 10.70
30 9.40 10.20 11.00
31 9.60 10.50 11.30
32 9.90 10.70 11.60
33 10.10 11.00 11.90
34 10.30 11.20 12.10
35 10.50 11.30 12.30
36 10.60 11.50 12.40
37 10.70 11.60 12.50
38 10.70 11.60 12.60
39 10.70 11.60 12.60

11-545
 Obstetrics References

RAD(JEANTY)
Reference

Jeanty,P., “Fetal Limb Biometry” Radiology, Vol. 147 No. 2, 1983, pages
601-602

RAD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
11 0.5 0.5 0.5
12 0.7 0.7 0.7
13 1.0 1.0 1.0
14 0.8 1.3 1.3
15 1.2 1.5 1.9
16 0.9 1.8 2.1
17 1.1 2.0 2.9
18 1.4 2.2 2.6
19 2.0 2.4 2.9
20 2.1 2.7 2.8
21 2.5 2.9 3.2
22 2.4 3.1 3.4
23 2.6 3.2 3.9
24 2.7 3.4 3.8
25 3.1 3.6 4.0
26 3.0 3.7 4.1
27 3.3 3.9 4.5
28 3.3 4.0 4.5
29 3.6 4.2 4.7
30 3.4 4.3 4.9
31 3.4 4.4 5.3
32 3.7 4.5 5.1
33 4.1 4.6 5.1
34 3.9 4.7 5.3
35 3.8 4.8 5.7
36 4.1 4.8 5.4
37 4.5 4.9 5.3
38 4.5 4.9 5.3
39 4.6 5.0 5.4
40 4.6 5.0 5.4

11-546
 Obstetrics References

RAD(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA RAD(cm) GA RAD(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 0.10 0.40 0.70 27.5 3.60 3.90 4.30
13.0 0.30 0.60 0.90 28.0 3.60 4.00 4.40
13.5 0.50 0.80 1.10 28.5 3.70 4.10 4.50
14.0 0.60 1.00 1.30 29.0 3.80 4.20 4.50
14.5 0.80 1.10 1.40 29.5 3.90 4.20 4.60
15.0 1.00 1.30 1.60 30.0 3.90 4.30 4.70
15.5 1.10 1.40 1.70 30.5 4.00 4.40 4.80
16.0 1.20 1.60 1.90 31.0 4.10 4.40 4.80
16.5 1.40 1.70 2.00 31.5 4.10 4.50 4.90
17.0 1.50 1.80 2.20 32.0 4.20 4.60 5.00
17.5 1.60 2.00 2.30 32.5 4.30 4.60 5.00
18.0 1.70 2.10 2.40 33.0 4.30 4.70 5.10
18.5 1.90 2.20 2.50 33.5 4.40 4.80 5.20
19.0 2.00 2.30 2.60 34.0 4.40 4.80 5.20
19.5 2.10 2.40 2.80 34.5 4.50 4.90 5.30
20.0 2.20 2.50 2.90 35.0 4.50 4.90 5.30
20.5 2.30 2.60 3.00 35.5 4.60 5.00 5.40
21.0 2.40 2.80 3.10 36.0 4.60 5.00 5.40
21.5 2.50 2.90 3.20 36.5 4.70 5.10 5.50
22.0 2.60 3.00 3.30 37.0 4.70 5.10 5.50
22.5 2.70 3.10 3.40 37.5 4.80 5.20 5.60
23.0 2.80 3.20 3.50 38.0 4.80 5.20 5.60
23.5 2.90 3.20 3.60 38.5 4.80 5.20 5.70
24.0 3.00 3.30 3.70 39.0 4.90 5.30 5.70
24.5 3.10 3.40 3.80 39.5 4.90 5.30 5.70
25.0 3.20 3.50 3.90 40.0 4.90 5.30 5.80
25.5 3.20 3.60 4.00 40.5 4.90 5.40 5.80
26.0 3.20 3.70 4.10 41.0 5.00 5.40 5.80
26.5 3.40 3.80 4.10 41.5 5.00 5.40 5.80
27.0 3.50 3.90 4.20

11-547
 Obstetrics References

SL(TOKYO)
Reference

Norio Shinozuka, Takashi Okai, Masahiko Mizuno Issued by Shindan & Tiryo
Sya Tokyo University, School of Medicine, OB/GYN dept.
“How to interpret OB/GYN ultrasound measurement data”; 80. Fetal
Measurement Obstetrics & Gynecology Chapter 56 Separate volume; 1989,
Oct. 27th Publication

Table values are derived from the graphs of the publication.

GA SL(mm) GA SL(mm) GA SL(mm)

(days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95%
154 41.0 43.9 48.0 199 53.6 61.6 70.1 244 65.8 74.8 85.2
155 41.3 44.4 48.6 200 53.9 62.0 70.5 245 66.1 75.1 85.5
156 41.6 44.9 49.1 201 54.2 62.3 70.9 246 66.4 75.4 85.8
157 41.9 45.3 49.7 202 54.5 62.6 71.3 247 66.6 75.7 86.0
158 42.1 45.8 50.3 203 54.7 62.9 71.7 248 66.9 75.9 86.3
159 42.4 46.2 50.8 204 55.0 63.2 72.1 249 67.2 76.2 86.5
160 42.7 46.7 51.4 205 55.3 63.6 72.5 250 67.4 76.5 86.7
161 43.0 47.1 51.9 206 55.6 63.9 72.9 251 67.7 76.7 87.0
162 43.3 47.6 52.4 207 55.8 64.2 73.3 252 68.0 77.0 87.2
163 43.6 48.0 53.0 208 56.1 64.5 73.7 253 68.2 77.3 87.4
164 43.8 48.4 53.5 209 56.4 64.8 74.1 254 68.5 77.5 87.7
165 44.1 48.9 54.1 210 56.7 65.1 74.5 255 68.8 77.8 87.9
166 44.4 49.3 54.6 211 56.9 65.4 74.8 256 69.0 78.1 88.1
167 44.7 49.7 55.1 212 57.2 65.7 75.2 257 69.3 78.4 88.3
168 45.0 50.1 55.6 213 57.5 66.0 75.6 258 69.6 78.6 88.5
169 45.3 50.6 56.1 214 57.8 66.3 75.9 259 69.8 78.9 88.7
170 45.5 51.0 56.7 215 58.0 66.6 76.3 260 70.1 79.2 89.0
171 45.8 51.4 57.2 216 58.3 66.9 76.6 261 70.3 79.4 89.2
172 46.1 51.8 57.7 217 58.6 67.2 77.0 262 70.6 79.7 89.4
173 46.4 52.2 58.2 218 58.8 67.5 77.4 263 70.9 80.0 89.6
174 46.7 52.6 58.7 219 59.1 67.8 77.7 264 71.1 80.2 89.7
175 47.0 53.0 59.2 220 59.4 68.1 78.0 265 71.4 80.5 89.9
176 47.2 53.4 59.7 221 59.7 68.4 78.4 266 71.7 80.8 90.1
177 47.5 53.8 60.2 222 59.9 68.7 78.7 267 71.9 81.1 90.3
178 47.8 54.1 60.7 223 60.2 69.0 79.0 268 72.2 81.3 90.5
179 48.1 54.5 61.1 224 60.5 69.3 79.4 269 72.4 81.6 90.7

11-548
 Obstetrics References

180 48.4 54.9 61.6 225 60.7 69.6 79.7 270 72.7 81.9 90.8

11
181 48.6 55.3 62.1 226 61.0 69.9 80.0 271 73.0 82.2 91.0

Safety and Regulatory Information

182 48.9 55.7 62.6 227 61.3 70.1 80.3 272 73.2 82.4 91.2
183 49.2 56.0 63.0 228 61.6 70.4 80.7 273 73.5 82.7 91.3
184 49.5 56.4 63.5 229 61.8 70.7 81.0 274 73.8 83.0 91.5
185 49.8 56.8 64.0 230 62.1 71.0 81.3 275 74.0 83.3 91.6
186 50.0 57.1 64.4 231 62.4 71.3 81.6 276 74.3 83.6 91.8
187 50.3 57.5 64.9 232 62.6 71.5 81.9 277 74.5 83.8 91.9
188 50.6 57.9 65.3 233 62.9 71.8 82.2 278 74.8 84.1 92.1
189 50.9 58.2 65.8 234 63.2 72.1 82.5 279 75.1 84.4 92.2
190 51.1 58.6 66.2 235 63.4 72.4 82.8 280 75.3 84.7 92.4
191 51.4 58.9 66.7 236 63.7 72.7 83.1 281 75.6 85.0 92.5
192 51.7 59.3 67.1 237 64.0 72.9 83.4 282 75.8 85.2 92.6
193 52.0 59.6 67.6 238 64.2 73.2 83.6 283 76.1 85.5 92.7
194 52.3 59.9 68.0 239 64.5 73.5 83.9 284 76.3 85.8 92.9
195 52.5 60.3 68.4 240 64.8 73.8 84.2 285 76.6 86.1 93.0
196 52.8 60.6 68.9 241 65.0 74.0 84.5 286 76.9 86.4 93.1
197 53.1 61.0 69.3 242 65.3 74.3 84.7 287 77.1 86.7 93.2
198 53.4 61.3 69.7 243 65.6 74.6 85.0

11-549
 Obstetrics References

TAD(CFEF)
Reference

Crequat,J., Duyme,M., Brodaty,G.,”Biometry 2000. Fetal growth charts by

the French College of fetal ultrasonography and the Inserm U 155”,
Gynecol.Obstet Fertil., Vol. 28 No. 2, 2000, pages 435-455

Input Unit: GA [week]

Output Unit: Percentile [mm]
Min Range: 16 weeks
Max Range: 40 weeks

GA TAD(mm)
(week) 3% 10% 50% 90% 97%
16 25.00 27.00 31.21 35.53 37.48
17 28.23 30.34 34.70 39.21 41.39
18 31.54 33.64 38.31 42.89 45.14
19 34.78 37.00 41.69 46.42 48.59
20 38.16 40.26 45.21 50.00 52.20
21 41.14 43.46 48.34 53.22 55.63
22 44.21 46.61 51.57 56.75 59.08
23 47.00 49.47 54.72 60.00 62.46
24 49.77 52.39 57.88 63.43 66.00
25 52.54 55.18 61.00 66.74 69.44
26 55.17 58.00 64.00 70.12 72.89
27 57.72 60.73 67.11 73.42 76.42
28 60.43 63.58 70.27 76.80 79.87
29 63.13 66.36 73.27 80.17 83.33
30 65.80 69.17 76.17 83.45 86.75
31 68.35 71.88 79.25 86.68 90.13
32 70.90 74.43 82.10 89.76 93.36
33 73.08 76.75 84.78 92.89 96.64
34 75.25 79.08 87.55 95.89 99.86
35 77.00 81.10 90.00 99.00 103.00
36 78.48 82.90 92.36 102.00 106.31
37 79.79 84.60 94.81 105.00 109.67
38 80.92 86.10 97.00 108.19 113.29
39 81.85 87.41 99.33 111.34 117.00
40 82.58 88.59 101.64 114.52 120.70

11-550
 Obstetrics References

TAD(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA TAD (cm) GA TAD (cm)

(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 1.70 2.00 2.40 27.5 6.50 7.10 7.80
13.0 1.80 2.20 2.60 28.0 6.70 7.30 7.90
13.5 2.00 2.40 2.80 28.5 6.80 7.50 8.10
14.0 2.10 2.50 2.90 29.0 7.00 7.60 8.30
14.5 2.30 2.70 3.10 29.5 7.10 7.80 8.40
15.0 2.50 2.90 3.30 30.0 7.30 7.90 8.60
15.5 2.60 3.10 3.50 30.5 7.40 8.10 8.80
16.0 2.80 3.20 3.70 31.0 7.60 8.20 8.90
16.5 3.00 3.40 3.80 31.5 7.70 8.40 9.10
17.0 3.10 3.60 4.00 32.0 7.80 8.50 9.20
17.5 3.30 3.80 4.20 32.5 8.00 8.70 9.40
18.0 3.50 3.90 4.40 33.0 8.10 8.80 9.60
18.5 3.60 4.10 4.60 33.5 8.30 9.00 9.70
19.0 3.80 4.30 4.80 34.0 8.40 9.10 9.90
19.5 3.90 4.40 4.90 34.5 8.50 9.30 10.00
20.0 4.10 4.60 5.10 35.0 8.70 9.40 10.20
20.5 4.30 4.80 5.30 35.5 8.80 9.60 10.30
21.0 4.40 5.00 5.50 36.0 8.90 9.70 10.50
21.5 4.60 5.10 5.70 36.5 9.10 9.80 10.60
22.0 4.80 5.30 5.80 37.0 9.20 10.00 10.80
22.5 4.90 5.50 6.00 37.5 9.30 10.10 10.90
23.0 5.10 5.60 6.20 38.0 9.40 10.20 11.00
23.5 5.20 5.80 6.40 38.5 9.50 10.40 11.20
24.0 5.40 6.00 6.50 39.0 9.70 10.50 11.30
24.5 5.60 6.10 6.70 39.5 9.80 10.60 11.40
25.0 5.70 6.30 6.90 40.0 9.90 10.70 11.60
25.5 5.90 6.50 7.10 40.5 10.00 10.80 11.70
26.0 6.00 6.60 7.20 41.0 10.10 10.90 11.80
26.5 6.20 6.80 7.40 41.5 10.20 11.00 11.90
27.0 6.30 7.00 7.60

11-551
 Obstetrics References

TCD(GOLDSTEIN)
Reference

Goldstein I.; Reece A.; Pilu G.; Bovicelli L.; Hobbins J.C “Cerebellar
measurement with ultrasonography in the evaluation of fetal growth and
development.” Am J Obstet Gynecol; May 1987; 1065-1069

Cereb(cm)
GA(weeks)
10% 50% 90%
15 1.00 1.40 1.60
16 1.40 1.60 1.70
17 1.60 1.70 1.80
18 1.70 1.80 1.90
19 1.80 1.90 2.20
20 1.80 2.00 2.20
21 1.90 2.20 2.40
22 2.10 2.30 2.40
23 2.20 2.40 2.60
24 2.20 2.50 2.80
25 2.30 2.80 2.90
26 2.50 2.90 3.20
27 2.60 3.00 3.20
28 2.70 3.10 3.40
29 2.90 3.40 3.80
30 3.10 3.50 4.00
31 3.20 3.80 4.30
32 3.30 3.80 4.20
33 3.20 4.00 4.40
34 3.30 4.00 4.40
35 3.10 4.05 4.70
36 3.60 4.30 5.50
37 3.70 4.50 5.50
38 4.00 4.85 5.50
39 5.20 5.20 5.50

11-552
 Obstetrics References

TCD(HILL)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hill L M, Guzick D, Fries J, Hixson J, Rivello D, “The Transverse Cerebellar

Diameter in Estimation Gestational Age in the Large-for-Gestational-
Age-Fetus.” Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 75; No 6; June 1990; pages
981-985

Cereb(cm)
GA(weeks)
Mean ±2SD
15 1.50 0.30
16 1.60 0.20
17 1.70 0.20
18 1.80 0.20
19 2.00 0.20
20 2.00 0.30
21 2.20 0.30
22 2.30 0.30
23 2.40 0.30
24 2.60 0.40
25 2.80 0.40
26 3.00 0.40
27 3.00 0.40
28 3.30 0.40
29 3.40 0.40
30 3.70 0.40
31 3.90 0.40
32 4.10 0.50
33 4.30 0.50
34 4.60 0.90
35 4.70 0.70
36 4.90 0.90
37 5.10 1.10
38 5.10 1.20
39 5.20 1.00
40 5.20 0.80

11-553
 Obstetrics References

TCD(NICOLAIDES)
Reference

R. J. M. Snijders and K. H. Niicolaides; “Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’

gestation” Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 4 (1994) 34-48

TCD(cm)
GA(week) 90th
5th centile Median
centile
14 1.20 1.40 1.50
15 1.30 1.50 1.70
16 1.40 1.60 1.80
17 1.50 1.70 1.90
18 1.60 1.80 2.10
19 1.70 2.00 2.20
20 1.90 2.10 2.40
21 2.00 2.20 2.50
22 2.10 2.40 2.70
23 2.20 2.50 2.80
24 2.40 2.60 3.00
25 2.50 2.80 3.10
26 2.60 2.90 3.30
27 2.70 3.10 3.40
28 2.90 3.20 3.60
29 3.00 3.30 3.70
30 3.10 3.50 3.90
31 3.20 3.60 4.00
32 3.40 3.70 4.20
33 3.50 3.90 4.30
34 3.60 4.00 4.40
35 3.70 4.10 4.60
36 3.80 4.20 4.70
37 3.90 4.30 4.80
38 4.00 4.40 4.90
39 4.10 4.50 5.10

11-554
 Obstetrics References

TIB(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Cantraine F., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Struyven J. “A
longitudinal Study of fetal limb growth” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume 1; Number 2; January 1984; 136-141

TIB  0.5555  0.091554  GA  0.023359  GA2  6.687  GA3  10 4  5.5801 GA4  10 6

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

TIB(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 0.30 0.70 1.20
13 0.50 1.00 1.40
14 0.80 1.20 1.60
15 1.00 1.50 1.90
16 1.30 1.70 2.10
17 1.50 2.00 2.40
18 1.80 2.20 2.70
19 2.10 2.50 2.90
20 2.30 2.70 3.20
21 2.60 3.00 3.40
22 2.80 3.20 3.70
23 3.10 3.50 3.90
24 3.30 3.70 4.20
25 3.50 4.00 4.40
26 3.70 4.20 4.60
27 4.00 4.40 4.80
28 4.20 4.60 5.00
29 4.40 4.80 5.20
30 4.60 5.00 5.40
31 4.70 5.20 5.60
32 4.90 5.40 5.80

11-555
 Obstetrics References

33 5.10 5.50 6.00

34 5.30 5.70 6.10
35 5.40 5.80 6.30
36 5.60 6.00 6.40
37 5.70 6.10 6.60
38 5.90 6.30 6.70
39 6.00 6.40 6.90
40 6.10 6.60 7.00

11-556
 Obstetrics References

TIB(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA TIB(cm) GA TIB(cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 0.40 0.70 1.00 27.5 4.20 4.60 5.00
13.0 0.60 0.90 1.20 28.0 4.30 4.70 5.10
13.5 0.70 1.00 1.30 28.5 4.40 4.80 5.20
14.0 0.90 1.20 1.50 29.0 4.50 4.90 5.30
14.5 1.10 1.40 1.70 29.5 4.60 5.00 5.40
15.0 1.20 1.50 1.80 30.0 4.60 5.10 5.50
15.5 1.40 1.70 2.00 30.5 4.70 5.10 5.60
16.0 1.50 1.80 2.10 31.0 4.80 5.20 5.60
16.5 1.60 2.00 2.30 31.5 4.90 5.30 5.70
17.0 1.80 2.10 2.40 32.0 5.00 5.40 5.80
17.5 1.90 2.20 2.60 32.5 5.10 5.50 5.90
18.0 2.10 2.40 2.70 33.0 5.10 5.60 6.00
18.5 2.20 2.50 2.90 33.5 5.20 5.60 6.10
19.0 2.30 2.60 3.00 34.0 5.30 5.70 6.20
19.5 2.40 2.80 3.10 34.5 5.40 5.80 6.20
20.0 2.60 2.90 3.20 35.0 5.40 5.90 6.30
20.5 2.70 3.00 3.40 35.5 5.50 5.90 6.40
21.0 2.80 3.10 3.50 36.0 5.60 6.00 6.50
21.5 2.90 3.30 3.60 36.5 5.60 6.10 6.50
22.0 3.00 3.40 3.70 37.0 5.70 6.20 6.60
22.5 3.10 3.50 3.90 37.5 5.80 6.20 6.70
23.0 3.30 3.60 4.00 38.0 5.80 6.30 6.70
23.5 3.40 3.70 4.10 38.5 5.90 6.30 6.80
24.0 3.50 3.80 4.20 39.0 5.90 6.40 6.90
24.5 3.60 4.00 4.30 39.5 6.00 6.40 6.90
25.0 3.70 4.10 4.40 40.0 6.00 6.50 7.00
25.5 3.80 4.20 4.50 40.5 6.10 6.50 7.00
26.0 3.90 4.30 4.70 41.0 6.10 6.60 7.10
26.5 4.00 4.40 4.80 41.5 6.10 6.60 7.10
27.0 4.10 4.50 4.90

11-557
 Obstetrics References

TTD(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986; pp.435

TTD(cm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
12 1.70 1.70 1.70
13 2.00 2.00 2.00
14 2.00 2.40 2.80
15 2.30 2.70 3.10
16 2.70 3.10 3.50
17 3.00 3.40 3.80
18 3.30 3.70 4.20
19 3.60 4.00 4.60
20 3.90 4.40 4.90
21 4.20 4.70 5.30
22 4.50 5.00 5.60
23 4.80 5.30 6.00
24 5.00 5.60 6.30
25 5.30 5.90 6.70
26 5.60 6.20 7.00
27 5.90 6.50 7.30
28 6.20 6.90 7.70
29 6.40 7.20 8.00
30 6.70 7.40 8.30
31 7.00 7.80 8.60
32 7.30 8.10 8.90
33 7.50 8.30 9.30
34 7.80 8.60 9.60
35 8.00 8.90 9.90
36 8.30 9.20 10.20
37 8.50 9.40 10.50
38 8.70 9.70 10.80
39 8.90 9.90 11.10
40 9.10 10.10 11.40
41 9.20 10.20 11.70

11-558
 Obstetrics References

ULNA(JEANTY)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Cantraine F., Hobbins J.C., Tack B., Struyven J. “A
longitudinal Study of fetal limb growth” American Journal of Perinatology;
Volume 1; Number 2; January 1984; 136-141

ULNA = – 3.4313 + 0.38685 × GA – 0.0036949 × GA²

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: cm
Min Range: 12.0 weeks
Max Range: 40.0 weeks

GA ULNA (cm)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12 0.30 0.70 1.10
13 0.50 1.00 1.40
14 0.80 1.30 1.70
15 1.10 1.50 2.00
16 1.40 1.80 2.20
17 1.60 2.10 2.50
18 1.90 2.30 2.80
19 2.20 2.60 3.00
20 2.40 2.80 3.30
21 2.60 3.10 3.50
22 2.90 3.30 3.70
23 3.10 3.50 3.90
24 3.30 3.70 4.20
25 3.50 3.90 4.40
26 3.70 4.10 4.60
27 3.90 4.30 4.70
28 4.10 4.50 4.90
29 4.30 4.70 5.10
30 4.40 4.80 5.30
31 4.60 5.00 5.40
32 4.70 5.20 5.60
33 4.90 5.30 5.70

11-559
 Obstetrics References

34 5.00 5.50 5.90

35 5.20 5.60 6.00
36 5.30 5.70 6.10
37 5.40 5.80 6.30
38 5.50 5.90 6.40
39 5.60 6.00 6.50
40 5.70 6.10 6.60

11-560
 Obstetrics References

ULNA(MERZ)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Merz E., Wellek S. “Normal Fetal Development Profiles- A Model to obtain

Standard Development Graphs for the Head and Abdominal Parameters and
the Long Limb Bones” Ultraschall in der Medizin 17 (1996) 153-162

GA ULNA (cm) GA ULNA (cm)

(weeks) 5% 50% 95% (weeks) 5% 50% 95%
12.5 0.30 0.50 0.80 27.5 4.10 4.40 4.80
13.0 0.50 0.80 1.10 28.0 4.10 4.50 4.90
13.5 0.70 1.00 1.30 28.5 4.20 4.60 5.00
14.0 0.80 1.10 1.40 29.0 4.30 4.70 5.10
14.5 1.00 1.30 1.60 29.5 4.40 4.80 5.20
15.0 1.20 1.50 1.80 30.0 4.50 4.90 5.20
15.5 1.30 1.60 1.90 30.5 4.60 4.90 5.30
16.0 1.50 1.80 2.10 31.0 4.60 5.00 5.40
16.5 1.60 1.90 2.20 31.5 4.70 5.10 5.50
17.0 1.70 2.10 2.40 32.0 4.80 5.20 5.60
17.5 1.90 2.20 2.50 32.5 4.90 5.30 5.60
18.0 2.00 2.30 2.70 33.0 4.90 5.30 5.70
18.5 2.10 2.50 2.80 33.5 5.00 5.40 5.80
19.0 2.30 2.60 2.90 34.0 5.10 5.50 5.90
19.5 2.40 2.70 3.10 34.5 5.10 5.50 5.90
20.0 2.50 2.80 3.20 35.0 5.20 5.60 6.00
20.5 2.60 3.00 3.30 35.5 5.20 5.70 6.10
21.0 2.70 3.10 3.40 36.0 5.30 5.70 6.10
21.5 2.90 3.20 3.50 36.5 5.40 5.80 6.20
22.0 3.00 3.30 3.70 37.0 5.40 5.80 6.30
22.5 3.10 3.40 3.80 37.5 5.50 5.90 6.30
23.0 3.20 3.50 3.90 38.0 5.50 5.90 6.40
23.5 3.30 3.60 4.00 38.5 5.60 6.00 6.40
24.0 3.40 3.70 4.10 39.0 5.60 6.00 6.50
24.5 3.50 3.80 4.20 39.5 5.70 6.10 6.50
25.0 3.60 3.90 4.30 40.0 5.70 6.10 6.60
25.5 3.70 4.00 4.40 40.5 5.70 6.20 6.60
26.0 3.80 4.10 4.50 41.0 5.80 6.20 6.60
26.5 3.90 4.20 4.60 41.5 5.80 6.20 6.70
27.0 4.00 4.30 4.70

11-561
 Obstetrics References

UmbArt PI(JSUM)
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

95% UmAPI  1.10  103  GA2  8.76 10 2  GA  3.04

50% UmAPI  1.30  10 3  GA2  1.03  10 1  GA  2.93

5% UmAPI  1.10  10 3  GA2  8.81 10 2  GA  2.44

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: index
Min Range: 20 ~ 41 weeks

The table values are calculated from the equations above.

UmbArt PI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
20 1.118 1.390 1.688
21 1.075 1.340 1.641
22 1.034 1.293 1.597
23 0.996 1.249 1.554
24 0.959 1.207 1.514
25 0.925 1.168 1.475
26 0.893 1.131 1.438
27 0.863 1.097 1.404
28 0.836 1.065 1.371
29 0.810 1.036 1.341
30 0.787 1.010 1.312
31 0.766 0.986 1.285
32 0.747 0.965 1.261
33 0.731 0.947 1.238
34 0.716 0.931 1.218
35 0.704 0.918 1.199
36 0.694 0.907 1.182

11-562
 Obstetrics References

37 0.686 0.899 1.168

11
38 0.681 0.893 1.155

Safety and Regulatory Information

39 0.677 0.890 1.145
40 0.676 0.890 1.136
41 0.677 0.892 1.129

11-563
 Obstetrics References

UmbArt PI(MERZ)
Reference

Uteroplacental Circulation. In: Merz E, editor. Volume: 1 Ultrasonography in

Obstetrics and Gynecology. Stuttgart, New York: : Thieme; 2005. p. 469
.-480, 614.

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: index
Min Range: 18 ~ 42 weeks

UmbArt PI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
18 1.018 1.361 1.652
19 0.972 1.250 1.539
20 0.940 1.216 1.505
21 0.913 1.189 1.476
22 0.890 1.165 1.450
23 0.869 1.142 1.427
24 0.849 1.122 1.405
25 0.831 1.102 1.385
26 0.813 1.084 1.365
27 0.797 1.065 1.346
28 0.780 1.048 1.327
29 0.764 1.031 1.308
30 0.748 1.014 1.290
31 0.732 0.997 1.272
32 0.716 0.980 1.254
33 0.700 0.963 1.236
34 0.684 0.946 1.218
35 0.668 0.928 1.199
36 0.651 0.910 1.180
37 0.634 0.891 1.160
38 0.615 0.872 1.139
39 0.595 0.851 1.117
40 0.573 0.828 1.093
41 0.547 0.801 1.065
42 0.513 0.765 1.028

11-564
 Obstetrics References

UmbArt RI(JSUM)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

95% UmARI  1.00  10 4  GA2  1.42 10 2  GA  1.09

50% UmARI  3.00  10 4  GA2  2.71 10 2  GA  1.20

5% UmARI  3.00 10 4  GA2  3.01 10 2  GA  1.18

Input Unit: weeks
Output Unit: index
Min Range: 20 ~ 41 weeks

The table values are calculated from the equations above.

UmbArt RI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
20 0.698 0.778 0.846
21 0.680 0.763 0.836
22 0.663 0.749 0.826
23 0.646 0.735 0.816
24 0.630 0.722 0.807
25 0.615 0.710 0.798
26 0.600 0.698 0.788
27 0.586 0.687 0.780
28 0.572 0.676 0.771
29 0.559 0.666 0.762
30 0.547 0.657 0.754
31 0.535 0.648 0.746
32 0.524 0.640 0.738
33 0.513 0.632 0.730
34 0.503 0.625 0.723
35 0.494 0.619 0.716
36 0.485 0.613 0.708
37 0.477 0.608 0.702

11-565
 Obstetrics References

38 0.469 0.603 0.695

39 0.462 0.599 0.688
40 0.456 0.596 0.682
41 0.450 0.593 0.676

11-566
 Obstetrics References

UmbArt RI(KURMANAVICIUS)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kurmanavicius J, Florio I, Wisser J, Hebisch G, Zimmermann R, Muller R et

al. Reference resistance indices of the umbilical, fetal middle cerebral and
uterine arteries at 24-42 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound Obstet.Gynecol.
1997;10:112-20.

95% UmARI = 1.034 – 0.0086 × GA

50% UmARI = 0.952 – 0.0098 × GA
5% UmARI = 0.872 – 0.0107 × GA

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: index
Range: 24 ~ 42 weeks

The table values are calculated from the equations above.

UmbArt RI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
24 0.62 0.72 0.83
25 0.60 0.71 0.82
26 0.59 0.70 0.81
27 0.58 0.69 0.80
28 0.57 0.68 0.79
29 0.56 0.67 0.78
30 0.55 0.66 0.78
31 0.54 0.65 0.77
32 0.53 0.64 0.76
33 0.52 0.63 0.75
34 0.51 0.62 0.74
35 0.50 0.61 0.73
36 0.49 0.60 0.72
37 0.48 0.59 0.72
38 0.47 0.58 0.71
39 0.45 0.57 0.70
40 0.44 0.56 0.69
41 0.43 0.55 0.68
42 0.42 0.54 0.67

11-567
 Obstetrics References

UmbArt RI(MERZ)
Reference

Merz,E., “Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol. 1: Obstetrics”,

Thieme Stuttgart, New York, 2005, page 613

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: index
Range: 18 ~ 42 weeks

UmbArt RI
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
18 0.591 0.713 0.825
19 0.577 0.700 0.812
20 0.567 0.690 0.802
21 0.557 0.680 0.793
22 0.548 0.671 0.784
23 0.539 0.663 0.776
24 0.530 0.655 0.768
25 0.522 0.646 0.760
26 0.514 0.639 0.752
27 0.506 0.631 0.745
28 0.498 0.623 0.737
29 0.490 0.615 0.730
30 0.082 0.608 0.723
31 0.474 0.600 0.715
32 0.465 0.592 0.707
33 0.457 0.584 0.700
34 0.449 0.576 0.692
35 0.440 0.567 0.684
36 0.431 0.559 0.675
37 0.422 0.550 0.667
38 0.412 0.540 0.657
39 0.402 0.530 0.648
40 0.390 0.519 0.637
41 0.377 0.506 0.624
42 0.360 0.490 0.608

11-568
 Obstetrics References

FL/AC Hadlock

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

J Ultrasound Med 1984, 3: 439-442 (Fetal Growth)

Unit: GA (Weeks)

Inputs: FL, AC (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)

FL
FL / AC   100
AC

Age Min Max

(weeks) (Index) (Index)
21 20 24
42 20 24

11-569
 Obstetrics References

FL/BPD Hohler
Reference

Communications in Brief, 143: 479-481, 1982

Inputs: FL, BPD (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)
Range of GA *): Min. 23 week
Max. 40 week
Norm value range: (71 - 87%)

FL
FL / BPD   100
BPD

Age Min Max

(Weeks) (Index) (Index)
23 71 87
40 71 87

11-570
 Obstetrics References

FL/BPD Kiserud

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

Inputs: FL, BPD (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)

Min Range: 10 weeks

Max Range: 24 weeks

FL
FL / BPD  100
BPD

GA(weeks) FL/BPD(%)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 50.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
10 1.0% 2.0% 4.0% 11.0% 18.0% 19.0% 21.0%
11 11.0% 13.0% 14.0% 21.0% 28.0% 29.0% 31.0%
12 20.0% 21.0% 23.0% 30.0% 36.0% 38.0% 39.0%
13 28.0% 29.0% 31.0% 37.0% 43.0% 45.0% 46.0%
14 34.0% 36.0% 37.0% 43.0% 49.0% 51.0% 52.0%
15 40.0% 41.0% 43.0% 48.0% 54.0% 56.0% 57.0%
16 44.0% 46.0% 47.0% 53.0% 58.0% 60.0% 61.0%
17 49.0% 50.0% 51.0% 57.0% 62.0% 63.0% 65.0%
18 52.0% 53.0% 55.0% 60.0% 65.0% 66.0% 67.0%
19 55.0% 56.0% 58.0% 62.0% 67.0% 68.0% 70.0%
20 57.0% 59.0% 60.0% 64.0% 69.0% 70.0% 71.0%
21 59.0% 60.0% 62.0% 66.0% 70.0% 72.0% 73.0%
22 61.0% 62.0% 63.0% 67.0% 71.0% 73.0% 74.0%
23 62.0% 63.0% 64.0% 68.0% 72.0% 73.0% 74.0%
24 63.0% 64.0% 65.0% 69.0% 72.0% 73.0% 74.0%

11-571
 Obstetrics References

FL/HC Hadlock
Reference

Hadlock,F.P.,Harrist,R.B.,Shah,Y.,Park,S.K.,” The femur length/head

circumference relation in obstetric sonography” J Ultrasound Med 1984, 3:
439-442 (Fetal Growth)

Inputs: FL, HC (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)
Range of GA *): Min: 15 week
Max. 42 week

If GA *) is out of range (GA OOR) no min. and max. values are

displayed!
NOTE Display: FL/HC xxx% (GA OOR)

± 1SD

FL
FL / HC  100
HC
FL/HC(%)
GA(weeks)
Min Max
15 15.3 17.1
16 13.3 16.5
17 14.6 17.6
18 15.8 18.0
19 16.1 18.3
20 16.8 19.8
21 15.9 20.3
22 18.4 20.2
23 19.2 20.8
24 18.7 20.9
25 18.7 20.3
26 18.6 20.4
27 18.6 20.4
28 18.8 20.6

11-572
 Obstetrics References

29 19.6 20.8

11
30 19.2 21.4

Safety and Regulatory Information

31 19.3 21.3
32 19.1 21.3
33 19.9 21.5
34 19.4 21.8
35 20.1 22.3
36 20.1 22.1
37 20.8 22.6
38 20.9 22.7
39 20.6 23.4
40 20.7 22.5
41 21.6 23.2
42 20.1 23.9

11-573
 Obstetrics References

FL/BPD Kiserud
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

Inputs: FL, BPD (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)

Min Range: 10 weeks

Max Range: 24 weeks

FL
FL / BPD  100
BPD

GA(weeks) FL/BPD(%)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 50.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
10 1.0% 2.0% 4.0% 11.0% 18.0% 19.0% 21.0%
11 11.0% 13.0% 14.0% 21.0% 28.0% 29.0% 31.0%
12 20.0% 21.0% 23.0% 30.0% 36.0% 38.0% 39.0%
13 28.0% 29.0% 31.0% 37.0% 43.0% 45.0% 46.0%
14 34.0% 36.0% 37.0% 43.0% 49.0% 51.0% 52.0%
15 40.0% 41.0% 43.0% 48.0% 54.0% 56.0% 57.0%
16 44.0% 46.0% 47.0% 53.0% 58.0% 60.0% 61.0%
17 49.0% 50.0% 51.0% 57.0% 62.0% 63.0% 65.0%
18 52.0% 53.0% 55.0% 60.0% 65.0% 66.0% 67.0%
19 55.0% 56.0% 58.0% 62.0% 67.0% 68.0% 70.0%
20 57.0% 59.0% 60.0% 64.0% 69.0% 70.0% 71.0%
21 59.0% 60.0% 62.0% 66.0% 70.0% 72.0% 73.0%
22 61.0% 62.0% 63.0% 67.0% 71.0% 73.0% 74.0%
23 62.0% 63.0% 64.0% 68.0% 72.0% 73.0% 74.0%
24 63.0% 64.0% 65.0% 69.0% 72.0% 73.0% 74.0%

11-574
 Obstetrics References

FL/HC Kiserud

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference: Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

Inputs: FL, HC (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)

Min Range: 10 weeks

Max Range: 24 weeks

FL
FL / HC   100
HC

FL/
GA(weeks) HC(%)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 50.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
11 2.9% 3.4% 4.0% 5.9% 7.9% 8.5% 9.0%
12 5.5% 6.0% 6.5% 8.4% 10.3% 10.8% 11.3%
13 7.8% 8.2% 8.7% 10.5% 12.3% 12.8% 13.3%
14 9.7% 10.1% 10.6% 12.3% 14.0% 14.5% 14.9%
15 11.4% 11.8% 12.2% 13.8% 15.4% 15.9% 16.3%
16 12.8% 13.1% 13.6% 15.1% 16.6% 17.0% 17.4%
17 14.0% 14.3% 14.7% 16.1% 17.5% 17.9% 18.3%
18 15.0% 15.3% 15.7% 17.0% 18.3% 18.7% 19.0%
19 15.8% 16.1% 16.5% 17.7% 18.9% 19.3% 19.6%
20 16.5% 16.8% 17.1% 18.3% 19.4% 19.7% 20.0%
21 17.1% 17.4% 17.7% 18.7% 19.7% 20.0% 20.3%
22 17.6% 17.8% 18.1% 19.0% 19.9% 20.2% 20.4%
23 17.9% 18.1% 18.3% 19.2% 20.0% 20.3% 20.5%
24 18.1% 18.3% 18.5% 19.3% 20.0% 20.2% 20.4%

11-575
 Obstetrics References

HC/AC Campbell
Reference

Campbell S., “Ultrasound Measurement of Fetal Head and Abdomen

Circumference Ratio in the Assessment of Growth Retardation”.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vol 84, 165- 174, March 1977.

Inputs: HC, AC (cm)

Output: Ratio 
Valid Range: Min: 13week - Max: 42week
Norm value range: see table (dependent on GA (LMP))

HC
HC / AC 
AC

HC/AC Ratio
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
13 1.14 1.23 1.31
14 1.14 1.23 1.31
15 1.05 1.22 1.39
16 1.05 1.22 1.39
17 1.07 1.18 1.29
18 1.07 1.18 1.29
19 1.09 1.18 1.26
20 1.09 1.18 1.26
21 1.06 1.15 1.25
22 1.06 1.15 1.25
23 1.05 1.13 1.21
24 1.05 1.13 1.21
25 1.04 1.13 1.22
26 1.04 1.13 1.22
27 1.05 1.13 1.22
28 1.05 1.13 1.22
29 0.99 1.10 1.21
30 0.99 1.10 1.21
31 0.96 1.07 1.17

11-576
 Obstetrics References

32 0.96 1.07 1.17

11
33 0.96 1.04 1.11

Safety and Regulatory Information

34 0.96 1.04 1.11
35 0.93 1.02 1.11
36 0.93 1.02 1.11
37 0.92 0.98 1.05
38 0.92 0.98 1.05
39 0.87 0.97 1.06
40 0.87 0.97 1.06
41 0.93 0.96 1.00
42 0.93 0.96 1.00

11-577
 Obstetrics References

CI(BPD/OFD) Hadlock
Reference

Hadlock, F., Deter, R., Carpenter, R., Park, D. “Estimating Fetal Age: effect of
Head Shape on BIP”. American Journal of Roentgenology, 137: 83-85, July
1981

Inputs: BPD, OFD (cm)

Output: Ratio (%)
Norm value range: (70 - 86%)

BPD
CI   100
OFD

Min Max
(Index) (Index)
70 86

11-578
 Obstetrics References

AFI(MOORE)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Moore, Th. R., Cayle, J. E., “The amniotic fluid index in normal human
pregnancy”, Am J Obstet Gynecol Vol. 162 No. 5, 1990, pages 1168-1173

Input Unit: w (weeks)

Output Unit; mm
Min Range: 16 weeks
Max Range: 42 weeks

AFI(mm)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
16 79 121 185
17 83 127 194
18 87 133 202
19 90 137 207
20 93 141 212
21 95 143 214
22 97 145 216
23 98 146 218
24 98 147 219
25 97 147 221
26 97 147 223
27 95 146 226
28 94 146 228
29 92 145 231
30 90 145 234
31 88 144 238
32 86 144 242
33 83 143 245
34 81 142 248
35 79 140 249
36 77 138 249
37 75 135 244
38 73 132 239
39 72 127 226
40 71 123 214
41 70 116 194
42 69 110 175

11-579
 Obstetrics References

EFW Campbell (AC)

Reference

Campbell S., Wilkin D. „Ultrasonic measurement of fetal abdomen

circumference in the estimation of fetal weight.” British Journal Obstetrics
and Gynecology; Sept. 1975; 82(9); 689-97

FW  e 4.564 0.282 AC 0.00331 AC 1000

2

Input: AC (cm) Range: 21.0 ~ 40.0 cm

EFW Hadlock (AC, BPD)

Reference

Hadlock FP, et al, “Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Weight” Radiology

1984:150:535-540

FW  101.1134 0.05845 AC 0.000604 AC  0.007365 BPD 2  0.000595 BPD AC  0.1694 BPD

2

11-580
 Obstetrics References

EFW Hadlock1(AC,FL)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hadlock FP, et al, “Estimation of fetal weight with the use of head, body and
femur measurements: A prospective study” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1985;
151: 333-337

FW  101.304 0.05281 AC  0.1938FL 0.004 ACFL

Inputs: AC, FL in (cm)
Output: FW in (g)
Deviation: SD 15.4%

EFW Hadlock 2(BPD,AC,FL)

Reference

Hadlock FP, et al, “Estimation of fetal weight with the use of head, body and
femur measurements: A prospective study” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1985;
151: 333-337

FW  101.3350.0034 AC FL  0.0316BPD  0.0457 AC  0.1623 FL

Inputs: BPD, AC, FL in (cm)
Output: FW in (g)

11-581
 Obstetrics References

EFW Hadlock 3(HC,AC,FL)

Reference

Hadlock FP, et al, “Estimation of fetal weight with the use of head, body and
femur measurements: A prospective study” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1985;
151: 333-337

FW  101.3260.00326 ACFL  0.0107 HC  0.0438 AC  0.158 FL

Inputs: HC, AC, FL in (cm)
Output: FW in (g)
Deviation: SD 14.8%

EFW Hadlock 4(BPD,HC,AC,FL)

Reference

Hadlock FP, et al, “Estimation of fetal weight with the use of head, body and
femur measurements: A prospective study” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1985;
151: 333-337

FW  101.35960.00386 ACFL  0.0064HC  0.00061 BPD AC  0.0424 AC  0.174FL

Inputs: BPD, HC, AC, FL in (cm)
Output: FW in (g)
Deviation: SD 14.6%

11-582
 Obstetrics References

EFW Hansmann(BPD,TTD)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann, "Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology," Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986, page 154

FW= (–1.05775 × BPD + 0.649145 × TTD + 0.0930707 × BPD² –

0.020562 × TTD²+ 0.515263) × 1000

Inputs: BPD (cm) Range: ≥5.9 cm

TTD (cm) Range: ≥5.6 cm

EFW Merz(AC,BPD)
Reference

E. Merz, W. Goldhofer, E. Timor-Tritsch “Ultrasound in Gynecology and

Obstetrics” Textbook and Atlas, 1991 Georg Thieme Verlag, 308-338

Inputs: AC (cm) Range: 21.8 ~ 36.5 cm

BPD (cm) Range: 7 ~ 10.5 cm

Deviation: SD 14.6%

FW = – 3200.40479 + 157.07186 × AC + 15.90391 × BPD²

Inputs: AC, BPD in (cm)

Output: FW in (g)

11-583
 Obstetrics References

EFW Osaka(BPD,FTA,FL)
Reference

Perinatal care Vol. 9 No. 5, 44(414)

FW = 6.3+1.25647 × BPD³+3.50665 × FTA × FL

Inputs: BPD, FL in (cm) FTA in (cm2)

Output: FW in (g)

EFW Persson(BPD,MAD,FL)
Reference

Intrauterine growth curves based on ultrasonically estimated foetal weights;

K Marsal, P-H Persson, T Larsen, H Lilja, A Selbing and B Sultan;
Acta Paediatr 85: 843-8.1996;

FW  ( BPD  10) 0.972  ( MAD 10)1.743  ( FL 10) 0.367  10 2.646

Inputs: BPD, MAD, FL in (cm)

Output: FW in (g)

11-584
 Obstetrics References

EFW Schild(HC,AC,FL)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

A new formula for calculating weight in the fetus of <=1600 g; R. L.

SCHILD, K. FELL, R. FIMMERS, U. GEMBRUCH and M. HANSMANN
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (in press) Published online in Wiley InterScience
(www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/uog.1741

FW = 5381.193+150.324 × HC + 2.069 × FL³+0.0232 × AC³ –

6235.478 × log(HC)

Inputs: HC, AC, FL in [cm]

Output: FW in [g]

EFW Shepard(AC,BPD)
Reference

Shepard MJ, et al, “An Evaluation of Two Equations for Predicting Fetal
Weight by Ultrasound”, American Journal of OB & Gyn, January 1982;
142(1):47-54

FW  10 1.7492 0.166 BPD  0.046 AC 0.002646 AC 0.002646 ACBPD 1000

Inputs: AC (cm) Range: 15.5 ~ 40.0 cm
BPD (cm) Range: 3.1 ~ 10.0 cm
Deviation: SD 21.20%

11-585
 Obstetrics References

EFW Shinozuka 1(BPD,APTD,TTD,FL)

Reference

Shinozuka N., Okai T., Kohzuma S., Mukubo M., Shih C.T., Maeda T., et al
“Formulas for Fetal Weight Estimation by Ultrasound Measurements based
on Neonatal Specific Gravities and Volumes” American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 157: 1140-1145; 1987

FW = 1.07 × BPD³ + 3.42 × APTD × TTD × FL

Inputs: BPD, APTD, TTD, FL in (cm)

Output: FW in (g)

EFW Shinozuka 2(BPD,FL,AC)

Reference

N.Shinozuka et al. Formulas for Fetal Weight Estimation by Ultrasound

Measurements based on Neonatal Specific Gravities and Volumes, Am J
Obstet Gynecol 1987;157:1140-5

FW = 1.07 × BPD³ + 0.30 × AC²× FL

Inputs: BPD, FL in (cm) AC in (cm2)

Output: FW in (g)

11-586
 Obstetrics References

EFW Shinozuka 3(BPD,APTD,TTD,SL)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Shinozuka N., Okai T., Kohzuma S., Mukubo M., Shih C.T., Maeda T., et al
“Formulas for Fetal Weight Estimation by Ultrasound Measurements based
on Neonatal Specific Gravities and Volumes” American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 157: 1140-1145; 1987

FW = 1.07 × BPD³+ 2.91 × APTD × TTD × SL

Inputs: BPD, APTD, TTD, SL in (cm)

Output: FW in (g)

EFW Tokyo(BPD,APTD,TTD,FL)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Okai T., Kohzuma S., Mukubo M., Shih C.T., Maeda T., et al
“Formulas for Fetal Weight Estimation by Ultrasound Measurements based
on Neonatal Specific Gravities and Volumes” 
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 157: 1140-1145; 1987

FW = 1.07 × BPD³ + 3.42 × APTD × TTD × FL

Inputs: BPD, APTD, TTD, FL in (cm)

Output: FW in (g)

11-587
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Brenner)
Reference

Brenner W.E., Edelman D.A., Hendricks C.H. „A standard of fetal growth for
the United States of America“ American Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynecology; November 1; 1976; pp. 555-564

FW(grams)
GA(weeks)
10% 50% 90%
21 280 410 860
22 320 480 920
23 370 550 990
24 420 640 1080
25 490 740 1180
26 570 860 1320
27 660 990 1470
28 770 1150 1660
29 890 1310 1890
30 1030 1460 2100
31 1180 1630 2290
32 1310 1810 2500
33 1480 2010 2690
34 1670 2220 2880
35 1870 2430 3090
36 2190 2650 3290
37 2310 2870 3470
38 2510 3030 3610
39 2680 3170 3750
40 2750 3280 3870
41 2800 3360 3980
42 2830 3410 4060
43 2840 3420 4100
44 2790 3390 4110

11-588
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Doubilet)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Doubilet, P.M., MD. PhD., Benson, C.B.,MD , Nadel, A.S., MD, Ringer, St. A.,
MD. PhD.„Improved birth weight table for neonates developed from
gestations dated by early ultrasonography “J Ultrasound Med; December 4;
1996; 16:241-249

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: grams
Min. Range: 25.0weeks
Max. Range: 43.0weeks

EFW(grams)
GA(weeks)
5% 50% 95%
25 450 660 968
26 523 760 1103
27 609 875 1257
28 707 1005 1430
29 820 1153 1623
30 947 1319 1836
31 1090 1502 2070
32 1249 1702 2321
33 1422 1918 2587
34 1608 2146 2865
35 1804 2383 3148
36 2006 2622 3428
37 2210 2859 3698
38 2409 3083 3947
39 2595 3288 4164
40 2762 3462 4340
41 2900 3597 4462
42 3002 3685 4523
43 3061 3717 4515

11-589
 Obstetrics References

FWg(HADLOCK)
Reference

Hadlock F.P., Harrist R.B., Martinez-Poyer J.„In Utero Analysis of Fetal

Growth: A Sonographic Weight Standard“ Radiology.1991, 181: 129-133

FW  e 0.578 0.332GA0.00354GA
2

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: gram
Min. Range: 10.0weeks
Max. Range: 40.0weeks

GA FW(gram)
(weeks) 3% 10% 50% 90% 97%
10 26 29 35 41 44
11 34 37 45 53 56
12 43 48 58 68 73
13 55 61 73 85 91
14 70 77 93 109 116
15 88 97 117 137 146
16 110 121 146 171 183
17 136 150 181 212 226
18 167 185 223 261 279
19 205 227 273 319 341
20 248 275 331 387 414
21 299 331 399 467 499
22 359 398 478 559 598
23 426 471 568 665 710
24 503 556 670 784 838
25 589 652 785 918 981
26 685 758 913 1068 1141
27 791 876 1055 1234 1319
28 908 1004 1210 1416 1513
29 1034 1145 1379 1613 1724
30 1169 1294 1559 1824 1949

11-590
 Obstetrics References

31 1313 1453 1751 2049 2189

11
32 1465 1621 1953 2285 2441

Safety and Regulatory Information

33 1622 1794 2162 2530 2703
34 1783 1973 2377 2781 2971
35 1946 2154 2595 3036 3244
36 2110 2335 2813 3291 3516
37 2271 2513 3028 3543 3785
38 2427 2686 3236 3786 4045
39 2576 2851 3435 4019 4294
40 2714 3004 3619 4234 4524

11-591
 Obstetrics References

FWg(HANSMANN)
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann “Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics andGynecology” Springer- Verlag, New York, 1986, p. 431

GA FW
(weeks) (gram)
13 14
14 25
15 50
16 80
17 100
18 150
19 200
20 250
21 300
22 350
23 450
24 530
25 700
26 850
27 1000
28 1100
29 1250
30 1400
31 1600
32 1800
33 2000
34 2250
35 2550
36 2750
37 2950
38 3100
39 3250
40 3400

11-592
 Obstetrics References

FWg(HANSMANN86)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittmann. Ultrasound Diagnosis in

Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer Verlag, New York, 1986, p. 186

AGE FW(gram)
(weeks) -1 SD mean +1 SD
9 44 45 46
10 46 48 50
11 51 54 57
12 59 63 67
13 70 77 84
14 85 96 107
15 106 122 138
16 133 155 177
17 167 197 227
18 207 247 287
19 255 307 359
20 311 377 443
21 375 456 537
22 447 545 643
23 527 644 761
24 614 753 892
25 709 871 1033
26 813 1000 1187
27 925 1139 1353
28 1045 1288 1531
29 1173 1448 1723
30 1311 1618 1925
31 1455 1798 2141
32 1605 1984 2363
33 1759 2176 2593
34 1915 2369 2823
35 2066 2557 3048
36 2208 2734 3260

11-593
 Obstetrics References

37 2333 2890 3447

38 2432 3016 3600
39 2494 3099 3704
40 2509 3131 3753

11-594
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Hobbins/Persutte)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Persutte,W.H., Schmidt,K., Hobbins,J.C. „Prenatal and neonatal estimations

of weight percentile are very different“ American Journal of Obstetrics &
Gynecology, 178(1),p165

Input Unit: weeks

Output Unit: grams
Min. Range: 25weeks
Max. Range: 38weeks

EFW(grams)
GA(weeks)
10% 50% 90%
25 704 818 941
26 813 938 1083
27 931 1070 1241
28 1060 1215 1414
29 1195 1373 1602
30 1343 1543 1804
31 1494 1726 2019
32 1648 1920 2244
33 1803 2123 2479
34 1957 2336 2718
35 2107 2555 2961
36 2251 2779 3202
37 2387 3005 3440
38 2514 3230 3670

11-595
 Obstetrics References

FWg(JSUM2001)
Reference

Takashi Okai, Chairman of JSUM, Ultrasound Diagnostic standard &

language committee Ultrasound Fetal measurement standardization &
Japanese standard proposals J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 28 No.5 (2001)

FW(gram)
GA(weeks)
- 2SD mean + 2SD
18 126 187 247
19 166 247 328
20 211 313 416
21 262 387 512
22 320 469 617
23 386 560 733
24 461 660 859
25 546 771 996
26 639 892 1144
27 742 1023 1304
28 853 1163 1474
29 972 1313 1653
30 1098 1470 1842
31 1231 1635 2039
32 1368 1805 2243
33 1508 1980 2451
34 1650 2156 2663
35 1790 2333 2875
36 1927 2507 3086
37 2059 2676 3294
38 2181 2838 3494
39 2292 2989 3685
40 2388 3125 3862
41 2465 3244 4023

11-596
 Obstetrics References

FWg(OSAKA)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Vol. 37. No. 10. 1988

GA EFW(g) GA EFW(g) GA EFW(g) GA EFW(g) GA EFW(g)

(w+d) mean ±1SD (w+d) mean ±1SD (w+d) mean ±1SD (w+d) mean ±1SD (w+d) mean ±1SD

16w0d 137 29 20w6d 413 58 25w5d 930 120 30w4d 1663 197 35w3d 2502 285

16w1d 142 29 21w0d 425 60 25w6d 949 123 30w5d 1687 200 35w4d 2527 288

16w2d 147 29 21w1d 436 61 26w0d 968 125 30w6d 1711 202 35w5d 2551 290

16w3d 153 29 21w2d 449 63 26w1d 987 127 31w0d 1735 204 35w6d 2576 293

16w4d 158 30 21w3d 461 65 26w2d 1007 129 31w1d 1759 207 36w0d 2600 296

16w5d 164 30 21w4d 474 66 26w3d 1026 131 31w2d 1783 209 36w1d 2624 299

16w6d 170 30 21w5d 486 68 26w4d 1046 133 31w3d 1808 212 36w2d 2648 302

17w0d 176 31 21w6d 499 69 26w5d 1066 135 31w4d 1832 214 36w3d 2672 305

17w1d 182 31 22w0d 513 71 26w6d 1086 138 31w5d 1857 217 36w4d 2696 308

17w2d 188 32 22w1d 526 73 27w0d 1106 140 31w6d 1881 219 36w5d 2720 311

17w3d 195 33 22w2d 540 74 27w1d 1127 142 32w0d 1906 222 36w6d 2744 314

17w4d 202 33 22w3d 553 76 27w2d 1147 144 32w1d 1930 224 37w0d 2767 317

17w5d 209 34 22w4d 568 78 27w3d 1168 146 32w2d 1955 227 37w1d 2791 320

17w6d 216 35 22w5d 582 80 27w4d 1189 149 32w3d 1980 229 37w2d 2814 323

18w0d 223 35 22w6d 596 81 27w5d 1210 151 32w4d 2005 232 37w3d 2837 326

18w1d 231 36 23w0d 611 83 27w6d 1232 153 32w5d 2029 234 37w4d 2860 329

18w2d 238 37 23w1d 626 85 28w0d 1253 155 32w6d 2054 237 37w5d 2883 332

18w3d 246 38 23w2d 641 87 28w1d 1275 158 33w0d 2079 239 37w6d 2906 335

18w4d 254 39 23w3d 656 89 28w2d 1296 160 33w1d 2104 242 38w0d 2928 339

18w5d 263 40 23w4d 672 91 28w3d 1318 162 33w2d 2129 244 38w1d 2950 342

18w6d 271 41 23w5d 688 92 28w4d 1340 164 33w3d 2154 247 38w2d 2973 345

19w0d 280 42 23w6d 704 94 28w5d 1363 167 33w4d 2179 250 38w3d 2995 348

19w1d 289 43 24w0d 720 96 28w6d 1385 169 33w5d 2204 252 38w4d 3016 352

19w2d 298 44 24w1d 736 98 29w0d 1407 171 33w6d 2229 255 38w5d 3038 355

19w3d 308 45 24w2d 753 100 29w1d 1430 174 34w0d 2254 257 38w6d 3059 358

19w4d 317 46 24w3d 770 102 29w2d 1453 176 34w1d 2279 260 39w0d 3080 362

19w5d 327 48 24w4d 787 104 29w3d 1476 178 34w2d 2304 263 39w1d 3101 365

11-597
 Obstetrics References

19w6d 337 49 24w5d 804 106 29w4d 1499 181 34w3d 2329 265 39w2d 3121 369

20w0d 347 50 24w6d 822 108 29w5d 1522 183 34w4d 2354 268 39w3d 3142 372

20w1d 358 51 25w0d 839 110 29w6d 1545 185 34w5d 2379 271 39w4d 3162 376

20w2d 368 53 25w1d 857 112 30w0d 1568 188 34w6d 2403 274 39w5d 3182 379

20w3d 379 54 25w2d 875 114 30w1d 1592 190 35w0d 2428 276 39w6d 3201 383

20w4d 390 56 25w3d 893 116 30w2d 1615 192 35w1d 2453 279 40w0d 3220 387

20w5d 401 57 25w4d 912 118 30w3d 1639 195 35w2d 2478 282

11-598
 Obstetrics References

FWg(PERSSON)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Intrauterine growth curves based on ultrasonically estimated foetal weights;

K Marsal, P-H Persson, T Larsen, H Lilja, A Selbing and B Sultan;
Acta Paediatr 85: 843-8.1996;

Mean curve:

FW  2.278843  10 6  GA4  1.402168  10 3  GA3  0.2008726  GA2  9.284121 GA  41.25956

Input Unit : GA (in days)

Output Unit: FW (in g)
Min. Range: 75 days
Max. Range: 300 days

亇2SD 亇24% of the mean

11-599
 Obstetrics References

FWg(TOKYO)
Reference

Norio Shinozuk, M.D., Takashi Okai, M.D.,Shiro Kohzuma, M.D., Masaaki

Mukuba, M.D., Chen-Ting Shin, M.D.,Tsugio Maeda, M.D., Yoshinori
Kuwabara, M.D. and Masahiko Mizuni, M.D. “Formulas for fetal weight
estimation by ultrasound measurements based on neonatal specific
gravities and volumes”; American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St.
Louis; Vol. 157, No. 5, pp. 1140-1145, Nov., 1987

FWg is implemented as table below, values derived from 95%,

50% and 5% formulas above!
NOTE

95% Y  323.7  G  1.586  G 2  2.326  G 3  10 3  21584.32

50% Y  0.1448  G 2  6.050  G 4 10 6  1.421 G 5  10 8  1867.83

5% Y  4.615  G 2  4.137  G 3  10 2  1.384  G 4  10 4  1.625  G 5  10 7  22104.91

G: GA - Gestational Age (days) derivered from LMP; range: 161 ~ 287 

(23 ~ 41 weeks)

Y: FBW - Fetal Birth Weight (gram)

GA FW(gram) GA FW(gram) GA FW(gram) GA FW(gram) GA FW(gram)

(days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95% (days) 5% 50% 95%

161 284 642 872 187 831 953 1303 213 1121 1521 2114 239 1582 2256 3060 265 2265 2965 3895

162 317 649 879 188 844 970 1329 214 1133 1547 2149 240 1606 2285 3095 266 2291 2988 3921

163 348 656 886 189 856 988 1355 215 1146 1574 2185 241 1629 2314 3131 267 2316 3010 3947

164 379 664 895 190 867 1006 1382 216 1160 1600 2221 242 1654 2343 3166 268 2340 3032 3973

165 408 672 904 191 879 1025 1409 217 1174 1627 2257 243 1679 2373 3201 269 2364 3053 3998

166 436 681 914 192 890 1044 1437 218 1188 1654 2293 244 1704 2402 3236 270 2387 3074 4022

167 463 689 925 193 901 1063 1465 219 1202 1681 2329 245 1729 2431 3271 271 2410 3095 4046

168 489 699 937 194 912 1083 1494 220 1217 1709 2365 246 1755 2460 3305 272 2432 3114 4069

169 514 708 950 195 923 1103 1523 221 1232 1736 2402 247 1781 2488 3340 273 2453 3133 4091

170 538 719 963 196 933 1123 1553 222 1248 1764 2438 248 1807 2517 3374 274 2473 3152 4113

171 561 729 977 197 944 1144 1583 223 1264 1792 2475 249 1833 2545 3407 275 2493 3169 4135

172 583 740 992 198 954 1165 1614 224 1281 1820 2512 250 1860 2574 3441 276 2511 3186 4155

11-600
 Obstetrics References

173 605 751 1008 199 965 1187 1645 225 1298 1849 2548 251 1887 2602 3474 277 2528 3202 4175

11
174 625 763 1025 200 975 1209 1676 226 1315 1877 2585 252 1914 2630 3506 278 2544 3218 4194

Safety and Regulatory Information

175 645 775 1042 201 986 1231 1708 227 1333 1906 2622 253 1941 2657 3539 279 2559 3232 4213

176 664 788 1060 202 996 1253 1740 228 1351 1934 2659 254 1968 2685 3571 280 2572 3246 4230

177 682 801 1079 203 1006 1276 1773 229 1370 1963 2696 255 1996 2712 3602 281 2584 3259 4247

178 700 814 1098 204 1017 1299 1806 230 1389 1992 2732 256 2023 2739 3633 282 2595 3271 4264

179 716 828 1119 205 1028 1323 1839 231 1409 2021 2769 257 2051 2765 3664 283 2604 3283 4279

180 733 842 1139 206 1039 1347 1872 232 1429 2050 2806 258 2078 2792 3695 284 2611 3293 4294

181 748 857 1161 207 1050 1371 1906 233 1449 2080 2842 259 2105 2817 3725 285 2617 3302 4308

182 763 872 1183 208 1061 1395 1940 234 1470 2109 2879 260 2132 2843 3754 286 2620 3311 4321

183 778 887 1206 209 1072 1420 1974 235 1492 2138 2915 261 2159 2868 3783 287 2622 3318 4333

184 792 903 1229 210 1084 1445 2009 236 1514 2168 2951 262 2186 2893 3812

185 805 919 1253 211 1096 1470 2044 237 1536 2197 2988 263 2213 2917 3840

186 818 936 1278 212 1108 1496 2079 238 1559 2226 3024 264 2239 2941 3868

11-601
 Obstetrics References

FWg(TOKYO/SHINOZUKA)
Reference

Shinozuka N., Masuda H., Kagawa H., Taketani Y.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Tokyo “Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry “ Jpn J Med
Ultrasonics 23 (12) 877-888; 1996

GA FW (gram)
(weeks) - 1.64SD mean + 1.64SD
18 158 216 274
19 204 279 355
20 256 349 442
21 314 427 539
22 381 513 645
23 456 609 761
24 541 714 888
25 634 830 1026
26 737 956 1175
27 849 1092 1334
28 970 1237 1504
29 1099 1391 1683
30 1234 1552 1870
31 1375 1720 2064
32 1520 1892 2265
33 1667 2068 2469
34 1814 2244 2675
35 1960 2420 2880
36 2102 2592 3083
37 2236 2758 3280
38 2360 2915 3469
39 2471 3059 3647
40 2565 3187 3809
41 2639 3296 3952

11-602
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Williams)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Ronald Williams, Robert Creasy, George Cunningham, Warren Hawes, Rank

Norris, Michiko Tashiro „Fetal Growth and Perinatal Viability in California“
Obstetric & Gynecology Vol. 59, NO. 5, May 1982

The weight values of this table are arithmetic mean values of the male- and
female values from the reference. Separated male/female weight values are
not supported by the system.

FW(gram)
GA(weeks)
10% 50% 90%
22 320 513 746
23 365 589 861
24 417 675 989
25 477 773 1132
26 546 882 1289
27 627 1005 1463
28 720 1143 1653
29 829 1298 1859
30 955 1484 2136
31 1100 1695 2402
32 1284 1920 2673
33 1499 2155 2910
34 1728 2394 3132
35 1974 2628 3333
36 2224 2849 3521
37 2455 3052 3706
38 2642 3227 3867
39 2790 3364 3994
40 2881 3462 4080
41 2946 3524 4127
42 3011 3589 4185
43 3044 3626 4221
44 3043 3633 4233

11-603
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Yarkoni(TWINS))
Reference

Yarkoni S., Reece EA, Holford T, O'Connor TZ, Hobbins JC: Estimated fetal
weight in the evaluation of growth in twin gestations: a prospective
longitudinal study. Obtet. Gynecol. 69:636, 1987

Age FW(gram)
(weeks) 5% 50% 95%
16 132 154 207
17 173 215 249
18 214 276 291
19 223 300 412
20 232 324 534
21 275 432 705
22 319 540 876
23 347 598 880
24 376 656 885
25 549 793 1118
26 722 931 1352
27 755 1087 1563
28 789 1244 1774
29 900 1395 1883
30 1011 1546 1992
31 1198 1693 2392
32 1385 1840 2793
33 1491 2032 3000
34 1597 2224 3208
35 1703 2427 3336
36 1809 2631 3465
37 2239 2824 3679
38 2669 3017 3894

11-604
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Eik-Nes 2007)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

www.esnurra.no
GA(Days) EFW(g) GA(Days) EFW(g)
mean mean
168 627 235 2153
169 644 236 2186
170 660 237 2220
171 676 238 2254
172 693 239 2287
173 710 240 2321
174 726 241 2355
175 743 242 2390
176 760 243 2424
177 777 244 2458
178 794 245 2492
179 812 246 2526
180 829 247 2560
181 846 248 2594
182 864 249 2627
183 882 250 2661
184 900 251 2694
185 917 252 2728
186 936 253 2761
187 954 254 2794
188 972 255 2827
189 991 256 2859
190 1009 257 2891
191 1028 258 2923
192 1047 259 2955
193 1066 260 2987
194 1086 261 3018
195 1105 262 3049
196 1125 263 3079
197 1145 264 3110
198 1166 265 3140

11-605
 Obstetrics References

199 1186 266 3169

200 1207 267 3198
201 1228 268 3227
202 1250 269 3256
203 1271 270 3284
204 1294 271 3312
205 1316 272 3339
206 1338 273 3366
207 1361 274 3393
208 1384 275 3419
209 1408 276 3445
210 1432 277 3471
211 1456 278 3496
212 1480 279 3521
213 1505 280 3546
214 1530 281 3571
215 1556 282 3595
216 1582 283 3618
217 1608 284 3642
218 1635 285 3665
219 1662 286 3688
220 1690 287 3710
221 1718 288 3733
222 1746 289 3755
223 1775 290 3776
224 1805 291 3798
225 1835 292 3819
226 1865 293 3841
227 1895 294 3862
228 1926 295 3883
229 1958 296 3903
230 1990 297 3924
231 2022 298 3944
232 2054 299 3965
233 2087 300 3985
234 2120 301 4006

11-606
 Obstetrics References

FWg(Kiserud)

11
Safety and Regulatory Information
Reference

Kiserud Terminhjulet Fosterbiometri

Age(weeks) FW(gram)
2.5% 5.0% 10.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 90.0% 95.0% 97.5%
20 257 269 283 309 340 374 408 429 449
21 319 333 350 380 416 456 495 520 543
22 390 406 426 461 503 549 595 623 649
23 471 490 512 553 602 655 707 740 770
24 561 583 610 656 713 773 833 870 904
25 662 687 717 771 835 905 972 1015 1054
26 772 801 836 897 970 1049 1126 1174 1218
27 892 925 964 1033 1116 1206 1292 1347 1396
28 1021 1058 1102 1180 1274 1375 1472 1534 1590
29 1157 1199 1249 1337 1442 1555 1665 1734 1796
30 1301 1347 1403 1502 1619 1746 1868 1946 2015
31 1450 1502 1564 1674 1805 1946 2082 2168 2246
32 1604 1662 1730 1852 1997 2153 2304 2400 2486
33 1761 1824 1900 2034 2194 2366 2533 2638 2733
34 1919 1988 2071 2218 2393 2582 2765 2880 2984
35 2077 2152 2242 2402 2593 2799 2998 3124 3238
36 2232 2313 2411 2584 2791 3014 3230 3367 3490
37 2383 2471 2576 2762 2984 3225 3458 3605 3738
38 2527 2621 2734 2933 3171 3428 3677 3835 3977
39 2664 2764 2883 3094 3347 3620 3886 4054 4205
40 2791 2896 3021 3245 3511 3800 4081 4258 4418
41 2905 3015 3147 3381 3661 3963 4258 4444 4612
42 3007 3121 3258 3502 3793 4108 4415 4609 4785

11-607
1

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