Science 7

Second Quarter – Module 2

Cells and Levels of Biological Organization

SIMPLIFIED MELC-BASED BUDGET OF LESSON

November 9 – 13, 2020

Performance Standard:
1. Employ appropriate techniques using the compound microscope to gather data about very
small objects.
Objective:
3. Differentiate plant and animal cells according to presence or absence of certain organelles;
4. Explain why the cell is considered the basic structural and functional unit of all
organisms;
5. Describe the different levels of biological organization from cell to biosphere.
Duration:
Week 2 (5 hours)
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5

Do the activity in Read and study Read and study Do the activities Do the
“Let’s Get the concepts the concepts in “Let’s Practice!” Assessment in
Started!” found in “Let’s found in “Let’s “Let’s Do This!”
Process!” Process!”  Differentiate
 Decoding plant cell from GENYO QUIZ
mystery words. Cell and Its Parts Levels of animal cell
Biological according to the Quiz #2
Read and study  Types of Cells Organization presence or  Identify
the concepts (Prokaryotic and absence of organelles
found in “Let’s Eukaryotic) and  Determine the certain based on its
Process!” their levels of organelles. function and
differences. biological scientists
 Describe a cell organization.  Give examples based on their
and its  Difference of each level of contribution in
characteristics. between Plant  Explain how biological the history of
Cell and Animal each level is organization. cell.
 Explain how a Cell. interconnected
cell was from cell to  Determine the
discovered.  Identify the biosphere. level of
organelles biological
present in plant organization
cell and animal based on the
cell. pictures
shown.
 Determine the
function of  Explain why
certain the cell is
organelles. considered the
basic
structural and
functional unit
of all
organisms.

INTRODUCTION

Cells are the smallest functional units in living things. Since you will encounter more about
cells in our next lessons, you need to learn the basic cell concepts, which will be discussed in this
module. The cell can be likened to an office worker. It performs its own tasks. A group of cells
performing a specialized function may be classified as a unit or department. But unlike the office
worker, most of the functions of the cell are performed inside your body.
 Decode the mystery words to help you identify some words associated to the study of cell.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

1. The basic unit of life

3 5 12 12

2. The energy currency of the cell

1 20 16

3. The blueprint of life

4 14 1

4. Organism that is composed of only one cell (two words)

21 14 9 3 5 12 12 21 12 1 18 15 18 7 1 14 9 19 13

5. Organisms that consists of more than one cell (two words)

13 21 12 20 9 3 5 12 12 21 1 18 15 18 7 1 14 9 19 13

CELL
- is the basic unit of life; every organism is made up of at least one cell
- it comes in different shapes and sizes, depending on their functions
- a miniature model of life and can perform all activities associated with life like growth,
reproduction, excretion, and nutrition
- it is composed of organic and inorganic substances like water, salts, carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids that are essential for life

HISTORY OF A CELL
1665  Robert Hooke, an English scientist, examined a cork sample under the microscope. He
described the image of the cork sample as empty boxes, which he called cells.
1830  Robert Brown was the first person to discover the nucleus of the cell.
1838  Matthias Schleiden, a German scientist, concluded that plants are made of cells.
1839  Theodore Schwann, a German scientist, concluded that all animals are made of cells.
1858  Rudolf Virchow, a German scientist, proposed that new cells form only through division of
preexisting cells.
The work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow contributed a lot to the development of the cell
theory, which states that:
1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells arise from preexisting cells.

TYPE OF CELLS
 Prokaryotic Cell (Prokaryotes)
- from the Greek words pro-, meaning “before” and karyon, meaning “kernel”
- a cell that has no nucleus
- the genetic material is located in the region called nucleoid, which is suspended in
the cytoplasm
- include bacteria

 Eukaryotic Cell (Eukaryotes)

- from the Greek words eu-, which means “true” and karyon, which means “kernel”
- a cell that has a true nucleus bound by a nuclear membrane
- the genetic material is located in the nucleus
- include plants, animals, protists, fungi
PLANT CELL AND ANIMAL CELL
 Anatomy of a Plant Cell Anatomy of an Animal Cell

ORGANELLES are specialized parts of the cell that are analogous to organs. Each organelle carries
out specific functions in the cell. Below are the different organelles found in a cell and their
functions.
 Nucleus – controls the activity of the cell; contains the chromosomes, which are threadlike
DNA-containing structures
 Nucleolus – dark spot of chromatin in the nucleus where ribosomes are produced
 Cytoplasm – jellylike substance that contains water and nutrients and support the
organelles
 Cell Membrane / Plasma Membrane – made out of phospholipids and proteins
 Mitochondrion – acts as the “powerhouse” of the cell; site of cellular respiration
 Lysosome – suicide sacks that contain digestive enzymes for carbohydrates, fats, and
proteins
 Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum – contains ribosomes, transports proteins and other
materials
 Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum – contains no ribosomes, stores proteins
 Golgi Complex / Golgi Apparatus – processes and packages proteins
 Centrioles – only in animal cells, aid in cell division
 Ribosomes – produce proteins
 Chloroplast – found only in plants, site of photosynthesis
 Vacuole – acts as storage for water and substances
 Cell Wall – structure in plants made of cellulose that is outside of the cell membrane
 Chromatin – thin strands of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of a cell
 Cytoskeleton – long proteins filaments in the cytosol that support the cell

PRESENCE OF ORGANELLES IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

Organelle Plant cell Animal cell

Cell Wall Present Absent
Present, but smaller in size; Present, but larger in size;
Vacuole serves as temporary storage of serves as food storage and
substances maintenance of turgor pressure
Chloroplast Present Absent
Centrioles Absent Present

COMPLEX ORGANISMS

An organism is made up of different components that are highly structured to enable it to

function properly. Each component has its own function and works hand in hand with the other
components to make the organism survive and perform its role in the environment.
 LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

Cells -fundamental unit of structure of an organism

Tissues - is made up of a group of cells having a common structure and

function

Organs - a body part that carries out a particular function

Organ Systems - a group of organs that work together to do a certain function

Organisms - is an individual form of life, made up of different organ systems that

enable them to perform different functions

Populations -a group consisting of members of the same species that live together in
a given area at the same time

Communities -is the association of different species that live and interact in the same
place at the same time

Ecosystems -is a community of living organisms and the nonliving components

Biomes -is a distinct terrestrial region that has similar climate, soil, plants, and
animals

Biosphere -the highest level of biological organization, comprises all the

ecosystems on Earth

Activity #1
Using a venn diagram, compare and contrast a plant cell from an animal cell in terms
of parts. Write the cell parts written in the box in the correct areas of the figure (write
your answers on the answer sheet).

Nucleus Mitochondrion Cell Membrane Golgi Apparatus

Chloroplast Ribosomes Large Vacuole Small Vacuole
Centrioles Cell Wall Nucleus

Plant Cell Animal Cell

Activity #2
Give one (1) example of each level of the biological organization. Use the chart in the
answer sheet (write your answers on the answer sheet).
 (GENYO QUIZ)
Go to this link https://www.genyo.com.ph/genyoportal/, and log in to your GENYO
account.
School ID: SPCORMOC
Task: Quiz #2 – Cells and Levels of Biological Organization
Password: cells

*Reminders: You will be given 30 minutes to answer all questions in this test.
Do not forget to click “save” before you proceed to the next question.
“Submit” your answers when you are done.

a. Summary
 Cell is the basic unit of life.
 All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
 All cells come from preexisting cells.
 Cells are classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.
 Plant cells have parts that are not present in animal cells.
 The levels of biological organization starts from cell, tissue, organ, organ system,
organism, population, community, ecosystem, biomes, and biosphere.

b. Reflection
 How would you describe a world without organisms?

REFERENCES

Books
Felicerta, C. N., & Pinar, L. B. (2018). Breaking Through Science 7 Second Edition. Quezon City: C
& E Publishing, Inc.
Papa, E. C. R., Moros, E. M., Pineda, M. G. F., & Gregorio, J. B. (2018). Practical Science 7.
Makati City: DIWA LEARNING SYSTEMS INC.
Websites
https://www.quia.com/jg/173659list.html

Disclaimer: The school and the teachers do not claim any rights or ownership of the information found in the
learning packet or module. It is a compilation from different resources, which is listed in the reference section.
This is solely for educational purposes only.

Science 7
Second Quarter – Module 2
Cells and Levels of Biological Organization
Name of Student: _____________________________________ Grade Level: ____________________
Name of Teacher: _____________________________________ Section: ________________________

ANSWER SHEET

Activity #1

Nucleus Mitochondrion Cell Membrane Golgi Apparatus

Chloroplast Ribosomes Large Vacuole Small Vacuole
Centrioles Cell Wall Nucleus

Plant Cell Animal Cell

Activity #2

Level of Biological Organization Examples

BIOMES
ECOSYSTEM
COMMUNITY
POPULATION
ORGANISM
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGAN
TISSUE
CELL

REFLECTION:
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