1.
1 Real Numbers: Algebra Essentials
1.
1. ⓐ 111111
2. ⓑ 3131
3. ⓒ −41−41
2.
1. ⓐ4 (or 4.0), terminating;
2. ⓑ 0.615384¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯,0.615384¯, repeating;
3. ⓒ–0.85, terminating
3.
1. ⓐrational and repeating;
2. ⓑrational and terminating;
3. ⓒirrational;
4. ⓓrational and terminating;
5. ⓔirrational
4.
1. ⓐpositive, irrational; right
2. ⓑnegative, rational; left
3. ⓒpositive, rational; right
4. ⓓnegative, irrational; left
5. ⓔpositive, rational; right
5.
N W I Q
a. −357−357 X X
b. 0 X X X
c. 169−−−√169 X X X X
d. 24−−√24
e. 4.763763763... X
6.
1. ⓐ10
2. ⓑ2
ⓒ4.5Functions and Function Notation
1.
1. ⓐyes
2. ⓑ yes (Note: If two players had been tied for, say, 4th place, then the name
would not have been a function of rank.)
2.
w=f(d)w=f(d)
3.
yes
4.
g(5)=1g(5)=1
5.
m=8m=8
6.
y=f(x)=x√32y=f(x)=x32
7.
g(1)=8g(1)=8
8.
x=0x=0 or x=2x=2
9.
1. ⓐ yes, because each bank account has a single balance at any given time;
2. ⓑ no, because several bank account numbers may have the same balance;
3. ⓒ no, because the same output may correspond to more than one input.
10.
1. ⓐ Yes, letter grade is a function of percent grade;
2. ⓑ No, it is not one-to-one. There are 100 different percent numbers we could get
but only about five possible letter grades, so there cannot be only one percent
number that corresponds to each letter grade.
11.
yes
12.
No, because it does not pass the horizontal line test.
3.2 Domain and Range
1.
{−5,0,5,10,15}{−5,0,5,10,15}
2.
(−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
3.
(−∞,12)∪(12,∞)(−∞,12)∪(12,∞)
4.
[−52,∞)[ −52,∞ )
5.
1. ⓐ values that are less than or equal to –2, or values that are greater than or
equal to –1 and less than 3
2. ⓑ {x|x≤−2or−1≤x<3}{ x|x≤−2or−1≤x<3 }
3. ⓒ (−∞,−2]∪[−1,3)(−∞,−2]∪[−1,3)
6.
domain =[1950,2002] range = [47,000,000,89,000,000]
7.
domain: (−∞,2];( −∞,2 ]; range: (−∞,0]( −∞,0 ]
8.
3.3 Rates of Change and Behavior of Graphs
1.
$2.84−$2.315years=$0.535years=$0.106$2.84−$2.315years=$0.535years=$0.106 per year.
2.
1212
3.
a+7a+7
4.
The local maximum appears to occur at (−1,28),(−1,28), and the local minimum
occurs at (5,−80).(5,−80). The function is increasing on (−∞,−1)∪(5,∞)(−∞,
−1)∪(5,∞) and decreasing on (−1,5).(−1,5).
3.4 Composition of Functions
1.
(fg)(x)=f(x)g(x)=(x−1)(x2−1)=x3−x2−x+1(f−g)(x)=f(x)−g(x)=(x−1)−
(x2−1)=x−x2(fg)(x)=f(x)g(x)=(x−1)(x2−1)=x3−x2−x+1(f−g)(x)=f(x)−g(x)=(x−1)−
(x2−1)=x−x2
No, the functions are not the same.
2.
A gravitational force is still a force, so a(G(r))a(G(r)) makes sense as the acceleration
of a planet at a distance r from the Sun (due to gravity), but G(a(F))G(a(F)) does not
make sense.
3.
f(g(1))=f(3)=3f(g(1))=f(3)=3 and g(f(4))=g(1)=3g(f(4))=g(1)=3
4.
g(f(2))=g(5)=3g(f(2))=g(5)=3
5.
1. ⓐ 8
2. ⓑ 20
6.
[−4,0)∪(0,∞)[ −4,0 )∪(0,∞)
7.
Possible answer:
g(x)=4+x2−−−−−√h(x)=43−xf=h∘gg(x)=4+x2h(x)=43−xf=h∘g
3.5 Transformation of Functions
1.
b(t)=h(t)+10=−4.9t2+30t+10b(t)=h(t)+10=−4.9t2+30t+10
2.
The graphs of f(x)f(x) and g(x)g(x) are shown below. The transformation is a
horizontal shift. The function is shifted to the left by 2 units.
Linear Functions
1.
m=4−30−2=1−2=−12;m=4−30−2=1−2=−12; decreasing because m<0.m<0.
2.
m=1,868−1,4422,012−2,009=4263=142 people per
yearm=1,868−1,4422,012−2,009=4263=142 people per year
3.
y=−7x+3y=−7x+3
4.
H(x)=0.5x+12.5H(x)=0.5x+12.5
5.
6.
Possible answers include (−3,7),(−3,7), (−6,9),(−6,9), or (−9,11).(−9,11).
7.
8.
(16,0)(16,0)
9.
1. ⓐ f(x)=2x;f(x)=2x;
2. ⓑ g(x)=−12xg(x)=−12x
10.
y=–13x+6y=–13x+6
4.2 Modeling with Linear Functions
1.
ⓐ C(x)=0.25x+25,000C(x)=0.25x+25,000
ⓑ The y-intercept is (0,25,000)(0,25,000). If the company does not produce a single
doughnut, they still incur a cost of $25,000.
2.
ⓐ41,100 ⓑ2020
3.
21.57 miles
4.3 Fitting Linear Models to Data
1.
54°F54°F
2.
150.871 billion gallons; extrapolation
4.1 Section Exercises
1.
Terry starts at an elevation of 3000 feet and descends 70 feet per second.
3.
d(t)=100−10td(t)=100−10t
5.
The point of intersection is (a,a).(a,a). This is because for the horizontal line, all of
the yy coordinates are aa and for the vertical line, all of the xx coordinates are a.a. The
point of intersection is on both lines and therefore will have these two characteristics.
7.
Yes
9.
Yes
11.
No
13.
Yes
15.
Increasing
17.
Decreasing
19.
Decreasing
21.
Increasing
23.
Decreasing
25.
27.
–2
29.
y=35x−1y=35x−1
31.
y=3x−2y=3x−2
33.
y=−13x+113y=−13x+113
35.
y=−1.5x−3y=−1.5x−3
37.
perpendicular
39.
parallel
41.
f(0)=−(0)+2f(0)=2y−int:(0,2)0=−x+2x−int:(2,0)f(0)=−(0)+2f(0)=2y−int:
(0,2)0=−x+2x−int:(2,0)
43.
h(0)=3(0)−5h(0)=−5y−int:(0,−5)0=3x−5x−int:
(53,0)h(0)=3(0)−5h(0)=−5y−int:(0,−5)0=3x−5x−int:(53,0)
45.
−2x+5y=20−2(0)+5y=205y=20y=4y−int:
(0,4)−2x+5(0)=20x=−10x−int:(−10,0)−2x+5y=20−2(0)+5y=205y=20y=4y−int:
(0,4)−2x+5(0)=20x=−10x−int:(−10,0)
47.
Line 1: m = –10 Line 2: m = –10 Parallel
49.
Line 1: m = –2 Line 2: m = 1 Neither
51.
Line 1: m=–2 Line 2: m=–2 ParallelLine 1: m=–2 Line 2: m=–2 Parallel
53.
y=3x−3y=3x−3
55.
y=−13t+2y=−13t+2
57.
59.
y=−54x+5y=−54x+5
61.
y=3x−1y=3x−1
63.
y=−2.5y=−2.5
65.
67.
69.
71.
3.
4. ⓓ25
5. ⓔ26
7.
1. ⓐ11, commutative property of multiplication, associative property of
multiplication, inverse property of multiplication, identity property of multiplication;
2. ⓑ33, distributive property;
3. ⓒ26, distributive p
roperty;
