Civil Engineering Internship Insights
Civil Engineering Internship Insights
Emerging Sciences
Lahore Campus
Date of Submission:
________________
DECLARATION
This Summer Internship Report is submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering at National
University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Lahore, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
of Bachelor's Degree in Civil Engineering.
I declare that this report is prepared by me and the views expressed herein are solely mine which
do not necessarily reflect the policies of the training organization where I have worked as an
internee.
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INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE
ii
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I have put much effort in this work. Indeed, it would not have been achievable without support and help
from the university and many individuals. I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all of them.
I would like to express my gratitude to Executive Director, Banu Mukhtar, Mr. Zeeshan Azhar who gave
me this golden opportunity of enhancing my knowledge of Civil Engineering under the supervision of
qualified experts. I would also like to express my gratitude to my supervisors Mr. Mahid Javaid and Mr.
Akbar. Learning under their supervision has immensely increased my knowledge of Steel Structures. Their
vast experience in the field of Civil engineering and guidance throughout has been extremely valuable to
me in completing this work.
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ABSTRACT
Industrial and commercial exposure is an important part of a student’s journey to witness firsthand how
theory and practical are related. It is therefore necessary that students interact with and learn from
people working in the construction sector. This report describes my experience as an intern at Banu
Mukhtar Steel (Pvt.) Ltd. Learning under the supervision of qualified experts has been extremely valuable
in my journey as a student. Banu Mukhtar Steel mainly deals with Pre-Engineered Steel buildings which is
an emerging field in Pakistan. Concrete structures become uneconomical for structures with larger spans
and larger heights therefore the concept of Pre-Engineered Buildings was used which not only reduced
the cost of constructing structures with larger spans but also reduced the construction time period as the
buildings were designed and made in factories and assembled on site. Further the amount of steel was
reduced by designing an optimized building whose cross sections of buildings are according to force
requirements of the sections. This report explains the history and hierarchy of the company and further
explains the concept of Pre-Engineered Buildings in the light of knowledge gained by working under
qualified experts and visiting different construction sites. The positive and negative aspects of the
internship and recommendations for both the organization and FAST-NU Civil Engineering Department
has been explained.
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Table of Contents
1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE.............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 History and Founders:.................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Hierarchal Structure: ..................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Offices: ........................................................................................................................................... 3
2 TRAINING PROGRAM ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 Banu Mukhtar Head Office: ........................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Details of Schedule of Internship Program: ................................................................................... 5
2.3 Basics of Pre-Engineered Buildings: ............................................................................................... 7
2.4 Site Visit Report (IRC Dairy and Gulbahar) .................................................................................... 9
2.5 One Page Site Visit Report: (Fabrication Plant Baigpur) ..............................................................16
2.6 Banu Mukhtar Steel Clients according to industries: ..................................................................18
3 OUTCOMES OF THE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM .......................................................................................19
3.1 Experience and learning: .............................................................................................................19
3.2 Recommendations: ......................................................................................................................19
4 References ...........................................................................................................................................20
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-Offices and their detail ..................................................................................................................... 3
Table 2-Schedule of Internship Program ....................................................................................................... 5
Table 3 - Advantages and Disavdantages of PEBs ....................................................................................... 8
Table 4 - Banu Mukhtar Clients according to Industries .............................................................................18
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1- Banu Mukhtar Building and Location ............................................................................................. 4
Figure 2 - Pre-Engineered Building Concept .................................................................................................. 7
Figure 3 - PEB at Gulbahar Bottling ............................................................................................................... 9
Figure 4 - IRC Dairy Location & Seismic Zone Map......................................................................................10
Figure 5 - Gulbahar Bottling Location & Seismic Zone Map ........................................................................10
Figure 6 - Columns resting on foundations at Gulbahar Bottling Plant & Column resting on foundation at
IRC Dairy Plant .............................................................................................................................................11
Figure 7 - Column with Pin Support & Column with fixed support ..........................................................11
Figure 8 - Rafters at Gulbahar Bottling Plant ...............................................................................................12
Figure 9 - Rafters at IRC Dairy Plan ..............................................................................................................12
Figure 10 - Columns at Gulbahar Bottling Plant ..........................................................................................12
Figure 11 - Columns at IRC Dairy Plan .........................................................................................................12
Figure 12 - IRC Dairy Plant Gulbahar Bottling Plant ..............................................................................13
Figure 13 - Sag rods and girts.......................................................................................................................13
Figure 14 - IRC Dairy Plant Gulbahar Bottling Plant .............................................................................14
Figure 15 - Skylight at Gulbahar Bottling Plant ............................................................................................14
Figure 16 - Roof Transition at a building in IRC Dairy Plant .........................................................................15
Figure 17 - Banu Mukhtar Fabrication Plant................................................................................................16
Figure 18 - Raw Material and Finish Pannels ...............................................................................................17
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
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Chapter - 1
1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
1.1 History and Founders:
Banu Mukhtar owes its name to late Sheikh Mukhtar Ahmad who migrated from India in 1947 and
got settled in Montgomery ( now Sahiwal). He left behind five renowned sons namely Izhar Ahmad,
Dr. Israr Ahmad, Iqtedar Ahmad, Vaqar Ahmad and Dr. Absar Ahmad. Ever since 1960, construction
and production of Pre-cast Concrete Products was a family business. Izhar (Pvt) Ltd. (Now Banu
Mukhtar Contracting (Pvt.) Limited after change of name in 2012), the ace Company of Banu-
Mukhtar, was founded in 1964 by Sheikh Mukhtar Ahmad’s eldest son Mr. Izhar Ahmed who was a
Civil Engineer by profession. After a split in the family business in 1977, Mr. Iqtedar Ahmad, who
was previously managing another company doing similar business, took charge of Banu Mukhtar
Contracting (Pvt.) Limited independently and remained the chief executive of the company till 1983
at which time he handed over the charge to his eldest son Engr. M. S. Asad Mukhtar and adopted an
advisory role for himself. Since 1983 Mr. M. S. Asad Mukhtar is the Chief Executive of the Company
and Chairman of the Group working under the banner of Banu-Mukhtar. Elder son of Mr. Asad
Mukhtar, Umar Asad Mukhtar, joined Banu Mukhtar as director in 2008 and since then he is taking
charge of the baton from his father and is now leading the re-alignment of organizational structure
and business models. Starting from a very small family construction business, under the leadership
and management of M. S. Asad Mukhtar, Banu Mukhtar Contracting (Pvt. Ltd. has evolved into a
big name in construction and contracting industry of Pakistan with its sister companies, notably Banu
Mukhtar Products (Pvt.) Limited which is engaged in production and supply of a large range of
Precast Concrete Products with area offices and plants spreading all over the country and Banu
Mukhtar Steel (Pvt.) Ltd which is manufacturing Pre Engineered Steel Buildings and involved in
Mechanical Fabrication works. [2]
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1.2 Hierarchal Structure:
2
1.3 Offices:
Table 1-Offices and their detail
Banu Mukhtar, 5-A Ali Block 45-H, Block 6, P.E.C.H.S, Off Shahra- G.T. Road, Motorway Chowk/
New Garden Town, e-Faisal, Peshawar Mor, Islamabad.
Lahore Pakistan Karachi.
• Email:
• Fax: (042) 35846653 • Fax: (021) 34310983) [email protected]
• Email: • Email: [email protected] • UAN: +92 051 111-
[email protected] • UAN: +92 21 111-212-111 212-111
• UAN: +92 42 111-212-
111
Banu Mukhtar Steel has over 300 Employees working in different departments and different cities
according to the need. [3]
Departments:
Sales and Marketing team:
The sales and marketing team deals with the clients from the start till the project execution. The initial
information is taken by the sales team from the client and passed onto the design team for the
designing of the project. The sales and marketing team is also in contact with the fabrication team
and the building erection contractor. They are also up to date with the market needs and of the new
projects which are in the market for bidding.
Design:
The design department is divided into further two portions the basic design department deals with
the design of the building according to the information provided by the sales team gives the initial
BOQ of the materials and later the optimized design of the building and the detailing team deals with
the design of joints and connections and the panels etc. the softwares which are used are TEKLA,
MBS, STAAD pro.
Fabrication:
The fabrication team is in the production plant whose function is to fabricate the building elements
and accessories according to the drawings sent by the design team and later on transport the product
for assembly on site.
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Chapter – 2
2 TRAINING PROGRAM
2.1 Banu Mukhtar Head Office:
The Head Office of Banu Mukhtar group of companies is located at Banu Mukhtar, 5-A Ali Block
New Garden Town, Lahore. [2] All the offices of the companies is present in this six story building
with the steel department having its office on the fifth floor. This office can be accessed with the help
of elevator and stairs. The design team and the sales team have their offices on this floor. The office
being in the center of city helps employees reach the office on time and it is easy to locate for the
clients. This optimal location helps in boosting the revenue of the company. Below picture shows the
head office building and its location of google maps.
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2.2 Details of Schedule of Internship Program:
Internship Plan 2020
Fast National
University
Instructor Name: ENGR. MAHID JAVAID + ENGR. AKBAR IMRAN BUTT
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2.3 Basics of Pre-Engineered Buildings:
Pre Engineered Buildings:
Pre-engineered buildings are basically structural members, made of steel, like columns, roof truss,
purlins etc. They are pre-fabricated in a factory in accordance with the design specifications and
they are erected in the site, joined together using nuts and bolts. The prefabricated structural
members are usually built-up “I” shaped sections primary structural framing members (columns
and rafters), Cold-formed “Z” and “C” shaped secondary structural members (roof purlin, eave
struts and wall girts), Roll formed profiled sheeting (roof and wall panels). The foundations of
these buildings are the conventional concrete foundations to support the lighter super structure and
to carry heavy loads. The floor of such buildings is also built of conventional concrete in certain
cases.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of PEB
Table 3 - Advantages and Disavdantages of PEBs
Advantages Disadvantages
Reduced Construction time: When the Susceptible to Corrosion: If not properly
foundation is being built in site, the structural maintained the steel frames are susceptible to
members are simultaneously fabricated in corrosion, thus special coatings becomes
industries. Since the erection time is also less it necessary to resist the corrosion of steel
results in the early completion of the structure
Less Manpower at Site: Most of the work in a Low Thermal Resistivity: Steel being a metal
PEB construction is done in the industries thus is good at conducting heat, thus it reduces the
the requirement of manpower at the site is very thermal comfort in the building.
less comparatively
Reduction in Cost: Since both materials and Low Fire Resistance: During fire, this type of
manpower is minimized the overall cost of building becomes more susceptible to damage
construction is reduced due its conductivity.
Flexibility in Design: The steel structural
members are designed in software and is
fabricated with machines, thus desired shape
can be achieved without any compromise.
Hence the PEB can be architecturally versatile
Scope for Future Expansion: Since bolted
connections are only used, the length wise
expansion in a PEB becomes more evident
Low Maintenance: Modern metal finishes and
coatings will help the steel panels to resist
corrosion, chemical attack etc., and also the
steel surfaces can be easily repaired if
damaged.
Seismic Resistance: The super structure made
of steel is light in weight and flexible enough
to offer greater resistance to seismic waves
when compared to conventional concrete
structures
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2.4 Site Visit Report (IRC Dairy and Gulbahar)
Introduction
Pre-engineered buildings are basically structural members, made of steel, like columns,
roof truss, purlins etc. They are pre-fabricated in a factory in accordance with the design
specifications and they are erected in the site, joined together using nuts and bolts. The
prefabricated structural members are usually built-up “I” shaped sections primary structural
framing members (columns and rafters), Cold-formed “Z” and “C” shaped secondary structural
members (roof purlin, eave struts and wall girts), cold formed profiled sheeting (roof and wall
panels). The foundations of these buildings are the conventional concrete foundations to support
the lighter super structure and to carry heavy loads. The floor of such buildings is also built of
conventional concrete in certain cases. Pre-Engineered Buildings are generally used in places
where longer spans are required as concrete structures become un-economical at larger spans. [4]
Site visits and reconnaissance is an important part of construction. Site are visits are done
before, during and after the construction. Site inspection is done before the construction in order
to extensively study the site and establishing actual and potential hazards for design and
construction. Banu Mukhtar is constructing Pre-Engineered Buildings for IRC and Gulbahar at
Faisalabad Industrial City, Faisalabad. Site visit was done on 16th August, 2020 for both sites and
observations about the structural aspects and components of Pre-Engineered Buildings were made.
Moreover confusions regarding the construction and placement of PEB were cleared under the
guidance of our supervisor Mr. Mahid Javaid. This report explains the terminologies and
components of Pre-Engineered Buildings that were observed on site in the light of knowledge
gained Pre-Hand.
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Site Description
IRC dairy products
The site proposed for the construction of the Plant of IRC Dairy Products Private Limited
is located at Faisalabad Industrial City, Faisalabad (Site coordinates: 31°38'22.7"N 73°12'08.3"E)
[1]. The soil of the area was found to be mostly silt and clay. The average water table depth was
found to be 15ft, as the water table is high so a light weight structure is proposed. The construction
was in its final stages, with finishing in some parts and installation of machinery in some buildings
going on. A picture of the seismic map is attached with shows that the site is located in an area
with moderate level of seismic activity, the zone in which the site is located is 2A, with
magnitudes of Earth Quakes ranging from 2.9-5.0 on the rector scale.
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Observations and Learning:
Foundation:
The foundation generally used in PEB construction is shallow isolated foundation, as the structure
light weight but in case of soils with low bearing capacity deep foundation such as pile foundation
is used. [4] As both the sites were located in close proximity the bearing capacity of the soils was
more or less same and it was observed at both sites that shallow isolated footing was used. Figure
1 shows columns resting on an isolated footing located at the site for Gulbahar Bottling Project.
Figure 2 shows fixed base column resting on isolated footing at IRC Dairy Plant.
Figure 6 - Columns resting on foundations at Gulbahar Bottling Plant & Column resting on foundation at IRC Dairy Plant
Support condition:
Fixed foundation are able to transfer moment to the ground from the structure where as in case of
pin foundations the moment is not transferred to the ground. According to load and the weight and
condition of the frame the appropriate foundation type is selected. At the IRC Dairy production
plant the support condition of the column was fixed support, and at the Gulbahar Plant the support
condition of the columns was pin support. To change the condition of the support the geometry
and placement of the connections of the bolts is changed. In case of pin support connections, in
the form of bolts, are closer to each other i.e. the distance between the bolts is lesser in case of pin
connections and the pins are located near the center of the column on the other hand in case of
fixed supports more bolts are used to connect the column to the footing and bolts are used on the
outer side of the column so that all moment from the structure can be effectively transferred to the
foundation without damaging the structure. Generally for columns with uniform geometry fixed
support condition is preferred whereas for tapered columns pin support condition is preferred.
Figure 7 - Column with Pin Support & Column with fixed support
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Columns and Rafters:
Columns are the members that take up load axially and transmit the load to the foundations whereas
rafters are the members that transfer the loads of the roof and other loads to the columns. The
columns used at IRC Dairy Plant were of uniform cross section and I shaped on the other hand the
columns used at Gulbahar Bottling Plant were tapered columns. Tapered columns are generally
the ones which are designed according to the stresses at the respective places i.e. the cross section
of the column is smaller at places where the stresses are lesser. [4] The rafters that were used at
both the sites were tapered.
Figure 11 - Columns at IRC Dairy Plan Figure 10 - Columns at Gulbahar Bottling Plant
Figure 8 - Rafters at Gulbahar Bottling Plant Figure 9 - Rafters at IRC Dairy Plan
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Bracing:
Bracing is done to support the structure in a lateral direction or to brace the column against its
weak axis against forces. Usually bracing is done to cater wind loads. The bracings that were used
in the in the IRC Dairy Plant/Gulbahar plant were:
i. Cross Bracing
ii. Portal frames
iii. Struts.
Portal bracing are usually used in places where there is a need for space for the movement of
machinery etc. On site pictures of the bracing systems are shown below.
Cross bracing
Struts
Portal Frame
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Flange bracing:
Flange bracing is an angle member extending between girts or purlins to the inner flange of
columns or rafters respectively, to provide them with lateral support and stability. Flange braces
are an important part of the structure as they minimize the chances of bending of the flanges due
to lateral forces. At both the sites flange braces were provided at both columns and rafters to ensure
that the inner flanges of the columns or rafters are stable. The pictures below shows the flange
braces provided at the site.
Flange bracing
Skylight:
Skylight is a translucent panel used at the roof to transmit natural light. It is usually made of
fiberglass. Multiple skylights were used at both sites according to the requirement. The picture
below shows skylights at Gulbahar Bottling Plant.
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Roof Transition:
Roof transition is also known as step in eave height is a condition in which lower building
is attached to a higher building at the end walls which results in one building having different eave
heights at each end. At the IRC Dairy Plant a roof transition was made, as heavy machinery had
to be placed in the corner of the building, the height of the machinery might be high that is why
the part of the building was higher than rest of the building. The picture below shows the roof
transition at IRC Dairy Plant.
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2.5 One Page Site Visit Report: (Fabrication Plant Baigpur)
Introduction:
Banu Mukhtar Steel has its Fabrication plant located at Baigpur near Muridke. [2] The Basic raw
materials for the elements and sheets are brought from different places and the finished product is
manufactured at the plant which is then transported to the site for erection of the building. The raw
Material include Metal sheets rolled in the form of coils and metal plates of different thickness.
The steel which is used is generally of grade 50. [4] The finished product is made with the help of
heavy machinery some of which has been imported from different parts of the world.
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Raw Material:
The raw materials are mostly metal sheets which are either imported or bought from local vendors.
The raw material is steel which is molded in the form of coils. The finished product is produced
with the help of machinery which has been imported from different parts of the world and some
of it has been manufactured locally.
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2.6 Banu Mukhtar Steel Clients according to industries:
Sr. # Industries Clients
Nishat group, Rana Textile Mills Ltd., Interloop Denim,
1 Textile industry
Gadoon Textile Mills,
Foods & Beverages Coca Cola Beverages, Pepsi co. , Gulbahar, Meezan beverages
2
Industry Ltd. , National Foods
Warehouse and Logistics CHT Pakistan Ltd. , Elahi Group, Meezan beverages Ltd. ,
3
Industry Siddique Sons, EXIMPO
4 Tile manufacturing Units Master Tile
KIA Lucky Motors, AGRI Auto Industries Ltd. , Khalid
5 Automobile Industry
Mushtaq Motors
6 Fertilizers Industry ENGRO Fertilizers
7 Cement Industry Bestway Cement Ltd. , Pioneer Cement Ltd.
8 Agriculture Industry Nishat group
Dairy & Livestock
9 IRC, Master Dairy
Industry
10 Steel Mills Tuwairqi Steel Mills
11 Power Plants Sitara Chemicals Industries Ltd.
Sports Goods
12 Capital Sports Sialkot
Manufacturing Industry
Engineering & Heavy
13 Sindbad
Industry
Chemicals & Sitara Chemicals Industries Ltd. , Shahkam Industries, Hi-Tech
14
Pharmaceutical Industry Lubricants
15 Educational Institutes Crescent School, Beacon House, CDM Smith, LUMS
16 Hospitality Industry AWARI KHI
Helicopter/ Aircraft
17 CM Sindh, Fatima Fertilizer
Hangar
Paper Mills and Package
18 Century Paper and Board Mills
Industry
19 Cold Storages IRC, Fauji Fresh n Freeze Plant,
Shopping Malls/ Super
20 METRO, MARKO
Markets
Table 4 - Banu Mukhtar Clients according to Industries
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CHAPTER - 3
3 OUTCOMES OF THE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
3.1 Experience and learning:
This internship program has provided me an opportunity to experience the corporate culture, which
has been extremely beneficial to me in increasing my knowledge as well as enhancing my skills
by observing how the corporate culture works and how the actual process of construction occurs.
Pre-Engineered Steel Building construction is relatively new in Pakistan and is not taught in the
four year bachelor’s degree program, and learning about PEBs has helped me develop interest in
this field of Pre-Fabricated Buildings which most of the students at my university are oblivious to.
The strongest point of this internship program, which I liked the most, was that this field is
relatively new and the construction is hackle free and the construction time is relatively short, also
these sort of buildings have low carbon foot print and are ecofriendly as compared to conventional
RCC construction which not only has a greater carbon foot print but also they take a lot of time to
construct. The weak point of this internship program was that there was less time spent on teaching
the design of the PEBs which is an integral part of the construction.
3.2 Recommendations:
The overall experience of the internship was good. The time given to us was satisfactory and the
mode of learning was excellent. Learning the theory and experiencing how the work is done and
what is the final product on site was an excellent mode of learning which creates an image in the
mind of the student that is important for the understanding. FAST-NU Civil Engineering
Department should arrange site visits for students and provide them with an opportunity to interact
with professionals so they can develop a clear image of how the actual construction is done and
what are the market needs and trends and how the theory is connected with the practical work.
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4 References
[1] "Google maps," Google Inc., 8 February 2005. [Online]. Available: https://www.google.com/maps.
[Accessed 25 August 2020].
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STUDENT’S INTERNSHIP EVALUATION FORM
In the subsequent tables, please rate your internship experience as per following scale.
Work Experience:
1. Achievement of learning goals during the internship 5 4 3 2 1
Work Environment:
Opportunity to be Creative:
11. Willingness of others to consider your ideas 5 4 3 2 1
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Interaction with Others:
Overall Experience:
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INTERNSHIP REPORT EVALUATION FORM
Thank you for reviewing this internship report. This form intends to assess report writing skills of our
students.
Student’s Name:
Roll No.:
Internship Organization / Company:
Based on your review of the report, please rate the following attributes as per given scale.
Overall Evaluation of the Internship Report Overall Evaluation of the Quality of Internship
Suggested Corrective Actions (if overall evaluation of the quality of internship is unsatisfactory):
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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