SHS ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES (EAPP), SEM 2 Q3
Name: __________________________________________________________ Score: ______________
Grade and Section: _____________________________________________ Date: _______________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 2
I. Introduction
This learning activity sheet we will discuss about the academic text. With "academic
text" we mean any type of work you write during your studies. Regardless if it's a shorter
assignment or an entire essay, there will be requirements to fill in regards to the
language, style, and structure of your text. You can still develop your own style of
writing, but you are still expected to follow these more formal requirements.
II. Learning Competency
Uses knowledge of text structure to glean the information he/she needs
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-4)
III. Objectives
At the end of this learning material, you are expected to:
1. differentiate structures and styles of an academic text.;
2. identify academic from non-academic texts; and
3. analyzes the text to glean the information needed.
IV. Discussion
What is a Non-Academic Text?
A non-academic text may be considered that writing which is personal, emotional,
impressionistic, or subjective in a nature. It can be more informal in tone, and may even
rely heavily on emotional appeal or the opinions of the author. Some examples of non
academic text are poems, skits, letters, and compositions about your Christmas and
summer vacations.
What is an Academic Text?
Academic text is defined as a critical, objective, specialize texts written by experts or
professionals in a given field using formal language. This means that academic texts are
based on facts with solid basis. Academic writing, therefore, is generally quite formal,
objective (impersonal) and technical. It is formal by avoiding casual or conversational
language, informal vocabulary or contractions. It is impersonal and objective by avoiding
direct reference to people or feelings and it is based on facts and not on opinions, and it
is technical by using vocabulary specific to the discipline. To be a good academic writer
you need to learn the specific styles and structures for your discipline.
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Some examples of academic disciplines are;
∙ Business
∙ Social studies
∙ Humanities
∙ Natural and applied sciences
Note; there are specific words or vocabulary which are only suited for a specific
discipline.
Some examples of ACADEMIC TEXTS are:
Literary Analysis it requires careful reading of one or multiple texts and often focuses
on a specific characteristic, theme, or motif.
Research Paper it uses outside information to support a thesis or make an argument.
Research papers are written in all disciplines and may be evaluative, analytical, or
critical in nature. Common research sources include data, primary sources (e.g.,
historical records), and secondary sources (e.g., peer-reviewed scholarly articles). It also
involves synthesizing this external information with your own ideas.
Articles are published in scholarly journals; this type of academic text offers results of
research and development that can either impact the academic community or provide
relevance to nation building.
Conference Papers these are papers presented in scholastic conferences, and may be
revised as articles for possible publication in scholarly journals.
Reviews these provide evaluation or reviews of works published in scholarly journals.
Thesis, Dissertations these are personal researches written by a candidate for a college
or university degree.
Text Structure
Structure is an important feature of academic writing; a well-structured text enables the
reader to follow the argument and navigate the text. There are two common structures of
academic text which are the Three-Part Essay Structure, and IMRaD structure.
The three-part essay structure is a basic structure that consist of:
1. Introduction its purpose is to clearly tell the reader the topic, purpose and structure
of the paper. As a rough guide, it might be between 10% and 20% of the length of the
whole paper.
The introduction has three main parts;
1. The most general information - such as backgrounds and/or definitions) 2. The
core of the introduction - for usual the overall topic, purpose, point of view,
hypothesis and a research questions depending on what kind of paper it is. 3. The
most specific information - describing the scope and structure of your paper). You
should write your introduction after you know both your overall point of view (if it is
a persuasive paper) and the whole structure of your paper. Revise the introduction
when you have completed the main body.
2. Body it develops the question “What is the topic all about?”. It may elaborate directly
on the topic sentence by giving definitions, classifications, explanations, contrasts,
examples and evidence.
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This is considered as “the heart of the essay” because it expounds the specific ideas
for the readers to have a better understanding of the topic. It is usually the largest
part of the essay.
3. Conclusion it is closely related to introduction and is often describes as “Mirror
Image” of the introduction. This means, if the introduction begins with general
information and ends with specific information, the conclusion moves in the opposite
direction. The conclusion usually begins by briefly summarizing the main scope or
structure of the paper, confirms the topic that was given in the introduction ends with
a more general statement about how this topic relates to its context.
This may take a form of evaluation of the importance of the topic, implications for
future research or a recommendation about theory or practice.
The introduction and the conclusion should be shorter than the body of the text. For
shorter essays, one or two paragraphs for each of these sections can be appropriate.
For longer texts or theses, they may be several pages long.
The IMRaD Structure
The following are the sections of an IMRaD Structure;
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results and Discussion
The Introduction usually depicts the background of the topic and the central focus of
the study.
The Methodology lets your readers know your data collection methods, research
instrument employed, sample size and so on.
The Result and Discussion states the brief summary of the key findings or the results
of your study.
An Academic Text is typically considered as a formal mode of writing intended for an
educated audience. It is generally written in a third person or objective voice and it tends
to depend on heavily on research, factual experimentation and evidence, and the
opinions of other educated scholars and researchers rather than on the opinions of an
author.
In writing an academic text, you need to have a solid text structure and you may use the
three-part essays structure or the IMRaD Structure.
Purposes in reading an Academic Text
∙ To locate a main idea.
∙ To scan for information.
∙ To identify gaps in existing studies.
∙ To connect new ideas to existing ones.
∙ To gain more pieces of information.
∙ To support particular writing assignment.
∙ To deeply understand an existing idea.
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Common Styles in writing an Academic Text
∙ State critical questions and issues.
∙ Provide facts and evidence from credible sources.
∙ Use precise and accurate words while avoiding jargon.
∙ Take an objective point of view.
∙ List references.
∙ Use cautious language.
V. Activities
A. What I Know
A.
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Then, write True if the statement is correct
and False if it is NOT. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. One of the purposes of reading an academic text is to look for a specific information.
2. An academic text makes use of complex jargons to promote a higher level of
comprehension.
3. It uses words which tones up claims expressing certainty.
4. It helps fill existing gaps between information.
5. An academic text observes a format.
6. In reading an academic text, it helps acquire new information.
7. An academic text needs less concentration and focus because the terms are simple.
8. It is in academic text that issues are stated to provoke information discussion. 9. A
magazine is an academic text.
10. Critique paper is classified as an academic text.
B. Which is it?
Directions: Read the following statements below carefully. Then, identify whether the
following statements are considered ACADEMIC by labeling it AC and NAC if it is NON
ACADEMIC. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
____1. It refers to a piece of writing which focuses on specific subject/topic.
____2. Its purpose is to inform, entertain, or persuade the readers.
____3. Its content is based on serious thought.
____4. It contains citations and references.
____5. It is less likely to be clear and organized.
____6. It always follows a formal way of writing.
____7. It is not structured in manner.
____8. Its reader includes family and friends.
____9. These are based on findings and research, etc.
___10. It’s simple and short sentences are always preferable.
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C. Take a Closer Look
Directions: Read critically the article “On Various Kinds of Thinking” by James Harvey
Robinson. Assess the article based on the questions below. Use a separate sheet of paper
for your answer.
1. What is/are the structure/s being used by the writer?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________ 2.
What is/are the information/s you can get from the article based on the text
structure/s that you have identified?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
V. Assessment
Directions: Answer what is asked in each of the following statements below. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is defined as a critical, objective, specialize texts written by experts or professionals
in a given field using formal language. This is also based on facts with solid basis. 2. It
may be considered that writing which is personal, emotional, impressionistic, or
subjective in a nature.
3. These are personal researches written by a candidate for a college or university
degree.
4. It requires careful reading of one or multiple texts and often focuses on a specific
characteristic, theme, or motif.
5. Is an important feature of academic writing; a well-structured text enables the reader
to follow the argument and navigate the text.
6. Its purpose is to clearly tell the reader the topic, purpose and structure of the paper. 7.
It is closely related to introduction and is often describes as “Mirror Image” of the
introduction.
8. It develops the question “What is the topic all about?”. It may elaborate directly on the
topic sentence by giving definitions, classifications, explanations, contrasts, examples
and evidence.
9. This let your readers know your data collection methods, research instrument
employed, sample size and so on.
10. It states the brief summary of the key findings or the results of your
study. VII. Reflection
Directions: Answer the following questions below. Use a separate sheet of paper for this
activity.
1. What were your misconceptions about the topic prior to taking up this lesson?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. What new or additional learning have you had after taking up this lesson in terms
of skills, content and attitude?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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VIII. References
Esquejo, A. P. (2016) Structure and Features of Academic Text, Topics from English for
Academic Purposes, https://www.slideshare.net/pokray/structure-and-features-of
academic-text
Landicho, Y. (2020) English Academic Text and Structure, Academic Text and Text
Structure, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E02ynJhVtFg&feature=youtu.be
Villacuatro, E. R. (2016) Academic text style and structure, Topic in English as Academic
and Professional Purpose, https://www.slideshare.net/jellianerosedinorog/academic
text-style-and-structure
Prepared by:
JAYVEE P. DELOS SANTOS
Teacher I
JRLMHS - SHS
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
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IX. Key to Correction
DISCUSSION
10. RESULT AND
9. METHODOLOGY
8. BODY
7. CONCLUSION
6. INTRODUCTION
5. STRUCTURE
4. LITERARY ANALYSIS
DISSERTATIONS
3. THESIS,
ACADEMIC TEXT - 2. NON
ACADEMIC TEXT 1.
Assessment
Activity C
NAC 10.
AC 9.
NAC 8.
NAC 7.
NAC 6.
NAC 5.
AC 4.
AC 3.
AC N 2.
AC 1.
Activity B
10. TRUE
9. FALSE
8. FALSE
7. FALSE
6. TRUE
5. TRUE
4. TRUE
3. TRUE
2. FALSE
1. TRUE
Activity A
