© 2020 | International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

IJSRST | Volume 7 | Issue 2 | Print ISSN: 2395-6011 | Online ISSN: 2395-602X

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST207213
NFC Based Intelligent Bus Ticketing System
Rajshree Hargude, Aarti Kamthe and Prof. Vinod Badgujar
Department of Computer Engineering Shree Ramchandra College of Engineering Pune, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT

As the India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world, the Indian urban population has a large
dependency on buses for public transport, providing importance of transport within urban/rural area
throughout the country. In the public transport various problems are faced like traffic jam, confusion and
misunderstanding between the passengers regarding fares, having several security problems in public transport
due to antisocial elements, etc. For making the life more convenient for the computer travelling in buses some
new technologies can be used like Near Field Communication (NFC) and Radio Frequency Identification. The
proposed system is based on ticketing of bus and tracking of bus. The system suggests a automated ticketing
system which will automatically cost will deduct the passengers fare according to the distance travelled.
Keywords : NFC, RFID, IOT.

I. INTRODUCTION servers through internet. IOT plays a key role in areas

such as communication, automation as well as cost
With population of over a billion people, India has savings. In today’s world, IOT is increasingly being
one of the most heavily used public transport system used in various sectors such as agriculture, healthcare
in world. According to the National Sample Survey and transportation. Also, with the development in
Organization(NSSO), most of the money for daily technology, more people are now making e-
commute via public transport in India is spend for payments such as for buying tickets for transport,
buses. Considering this, the issue of improving this instead of relying on cash transactions. Many
mode of transport is now being given higher priority. countries around the world such as Denmark,
India’s urban population has great contribution to this Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong etc have
growth. It is estimated that by 2031, India’s successfully adopted e-ticketing systems for public
population will reach around 600 million. Given that, transportation. The introduction of this system has
public transportation in these areas has the potential led to time saving and subsequently greater
to pool in a great amount of revenue. However, the effectiveness in the transactions. Additionally, the
transport facilities that are available at present are integration of new technologies such as Near Field
highly inadequate and inefficient. In today’s scenario, Communication (NFC) with IOT has helped in
it is essential to develop these dacilities in order to making people’s lives easier. A smart payment system
make them more dependable and convenient, hence which eliminates the conventional concept of paper
less chaotic for the public. Internet Of Things, that is based ticketing proposed. The current method that is
IOT, is an upcoming field that is gaining, increasing utilized for collection of tickets in public buses in
popularity in today’s world. IOT devices are those India requires the bus conductor to navigate through
that are connected to each other as well as to cloud a jam-packed bus in order to give out tickets to

IJSRST207213 | Accepted : 01 March 2020 | Published : 04 March 2020 | March-April-2020 [ 7 (2) : 283-287]
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personally make the transaction with each passenger, each smarter homes and factories. NFC is
which is quite hectic and, at times, chaotic, if a recommended to transfer configuration information
passenger has gotten from the back door, and needs to from the mobile device to the smart sensonning
get down at the next bus stop, it becomes difficult for device. As QR code has size limitation for payload
him/her to obtain the ticket quickly. Adopting the transfer, it’s not most popular. The proposes NFC
proposed system will decrease the frustration services uses peer-to-peer (node to node) mode. NFC
experienced by both the bus passengers as well as the could be a proximity communication technology
ticket conductors. Hence it will become easier, as well that’s supported by smartphones or client devices and
as faster, to buy bus tickets via e-payments. appears like a promising companion technology for
the Internet-Of- Things(IOT). It’s employed in
II. LITERATURE SURVEY applications like payment, access management,
transport and a lot of usually for the exchange of tiny
The existing system has an idea for implementing items of knowledge. The author says that IOT
smart card ticketing technology for the passengers depends on smart-objects communication in peer-to-
traveling in an exceedingly bus supported RFID peer mode or through the internet Network. NFC is
technology. For this purpose, associate interface is employed for payments, access management or
made between RFID system and driver’s mobile- transport services; small pieces of information such as
phone using a specifically developed with Android secret codes or cryptograms concerned in payment
application referred to as “SwipeNgo” via Bluetooth. operations, area unit changed within a couple of
This technique uses associated AVR microcontroller centimetres. The author presents a detailed
unit to speak with the RFID reader for read the tag-id description of the NFC technology with operating and
of traveler and causation the data to the driver’s NFC P2P Model mistreatment secure elements (SIM)
android phone. The application calculates the fair as a micro controller.
while exiting and deducts the number in main
balance in card hold in a database. A displaying III. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
traveler information-entry, exit, card validity etc is
employed. This paper proposes a easy automatic A. Working of passive NFC
ticketing system. They need through of elimination of
a paper primarily based ticketing system due its issues NFC works in 2 modes active and passive. A passive
and have advance a technique of mistreatment RFID device, that is NFC tag, contains information that
based smart cards that permits cashless payment with reader devices can read but doesn’t read any info itself.
reusability. This technique additionally uses GPS to Reading information is nothing however transmit the
trace stoppage. Associate interface supported NFC and info to approved devices. NFC provides bi-directional
QR code for good sensors for rising the security is communication for info transformation. NFC devices
already exist. It proposes transfer of configurations of will send and receive information at same time. NFC
sensors mistreatment NFC and QR codes. One of the tags contain data and are typically this is read-only
advantages of NFC technology is that it is more secure data but may be rewriteable. The tag can securely
than wireless technology. Also, there is protection store personal data such as Aadhar id-number, bank
from attacks thanks to a restricted vary of details, debit card, mastercard information. NFC
communication. Moreover, it is straightforward and Forum defines four kind tags which offer completely
intuitive to use. The approach is planned to use in different communication speed and capabilities in

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terms of configurability, memory, security,

information retention and write endurance, tags have The calculated fare is then subtracted from the
between ninety six to 4096 bytes of memory. NFC Account Balance of the user. All this transactions are
communicates via magnetic/flux field induction, displayed instantaneously at both Entry gate likewise
wherever 2 loop antennas are located within each as Exit gate using I2C digital display. Light emitting
other’s which is called near field, effectively forming diode indications are also provided at each entry and
associate air-core transformation. NFC tag operates exit gates. Associate android app are designed to
within the globally on the market and unauthorized recharge the NFC tags from the phone itself. Thus
radio frequency ISM band of 13.56 MHz, with a there’s no got to attend the Ticketing Section for
bandwidth of virtually two MHz. Its operating recharging the tags. All the user information would
distance restricted up to twenty cm with compact be saved on a cloud server.
antennas.

Fig.1. Working of Passive NFC Fig.2.System Architecture

In passive mode the reader device provides a carrier C. System overview

field and therefore the NFC tag answers by
modulating existing field. During this mode, the NFC The system consists of one NFC sign on terminal and
tag could draw its operative power from the reader- one NFC sign out terminal. At first the user needs to
provided magnetic force field. register to the application before boarding the bus.
Once traveler entered in the bus they’re needed to tap
B. System architecture their phone on the NFC sign on terminal. The NFC
reader sends the tag info to server and server fetches
The system uses Arduino Mega 2560 as a the placement of traveler. NFC server send sign on
microcontroller. The system is made IoT compatible notification to travelers mobile Application.
by creating use of ESP8266. 2 NFC readers area unit Subsequently virtual Ticket is get generate on the
employed in the system. The primary NFC reader is mobile Application.
employed for entry within the bus. When the first
NFC reader reads a NFC tag it saves the Boarding
Location of the user. Once the second NFC reader
reads identical NFC tag it saves the Dropping
Location and calculates the fare.

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D. Flowchart

Fig.3. Sign-On Procedure

When the traveler reaches his destination and needs

to down from the bus he needs to tap his/her phone
on the NFC sign out terminal. Then the sign out
location is send to the server and Application. At the
backend the whole distance is calculated and
consistent with the distance the fees is automatically
subtracted from the travelers account. If traveler get-
in the bus while not get in-tuned of NFC reader,
when traveler journey is completed and whereas he
gets down from the bus and came to contact with the
reader total fare will be subtracted from his account
thus by this cheat-proof way to build bus payment is
planned. IV. CONCLUSION

We aim to implement a Bus Ticketing System with

NFC Technology. The system is enforced to get NFC
tickets, so reducing human effort and creating the
process completely automatic system. NFC tickets
helps in identifying people travelling within the bus
providing security. The passengers solely got to carry
their NFC tags and recharge their account once the
balance is below the desired fare worth. The cards
being reusable, they’re for more convenient compared
to the traditional ticketing system because it
eliminates wastage of papers. This technique even
Fig.4. Sign-0ut procedure helps to stay the record of the whole expense of the

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