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Gec 8-Ethics: The Ethical Dimension of Human Existence

This document discusses ethics and provides definitions of key terms: 1. Ethics involves judgements about good and bad human behavior including obligations and prohibitions. It is the study of ideal human behavior and ways of thinking. 2. Morals refer to beliefs and acts, while ethics is the academic discipline. Descriptive ethics examines how people act, and normative ethics how they should act. 3. Moral issues are debated topics, decisions involve choice, judgments observe actions, and dilemmas involve choosing between goods or evils. Reasoning, principles, and frameworks help justify moral valuations.

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271 views7 pages

Gec 8-Ethics: The Ethical Dimension of Human Existence

This document discusses ethics and provides definitions of key terms: 1. Ethics involves judgements about good and bad human behavior including obligations and prohibitions. It is the study of ideal human behavior and ways of thinking. 2. Morals refer to beliefs and acts, while ethics is the academic discipline. Descriptive ethics examines how people act, and normative ethics how they should act. 3. Moral issues are debated topics, decisions involve choice, judgments observe actions, and dilemmas involve choosing between goods or evils. Reasoning, principles, and frameworks help justify moral valuations.

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kaligay69
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GEC 8- ETHICS

THE ETHICAL DIMENSION OF HUMAN


EXISTENCE Chapter 1

RHEA MAE CASERIA, RPm


Instructor I
Objectives
➢ Identify the ethical aspect of human life and the
scope of ethical thinking;
➢ Define and explain the terms that are relevant to
ethical thinking
➢ Evaluate the difficulties that are involved in
maintaining certain commonly-held notions on
ethics.
LESSON 1: VALUE

ETHICS
❑ good things that we should do and the bad things that
we should avoid
❑ right ways in which we could or should act and the
wrong ways of acting
❑ what is acceptable and unacceptable in human behavior
❑ may involve obligations that we are expected to fulfill
❑ prohibitions that we are required to respect
❑ ideals that we are encouraged to meet
Clarifications and Terminologies

1. Recognize that there are instances when we make value judgements that are not considered to be part
of ethics.

Kinds of Valuations
a. Aesthetics – derived from the Greek word “aesthesis” (“sense” or “feeling”) and refers to the judgements
of personal approval or disapproval that we make about what we see, hear, smell, or taste.

b. Etiquette – certain approval or disapproval of actions which can be relatively more trivial in nature. It is
concerned with right and wrong actions, but those considered not quite grave enough to belong to the
discussion on ethics.

c. Technical Valuation – derive from the Greek word “techne” the English words techniques and technical
which are often used to refer to a proper way (or right way) of doing things but may not necessarily be an
ethical.
Clarifications and Terminologies

2. Ethics and Morals


Morals – used to refer specific beliefs or attitudes that people have or to describe acts that people
perform

Ethics- the discipline of studying and understanding ideal human behavior and ideal ways of thinking

3. Descriptive and Normative


Descriptive Ethics – concerned with how people behave. What do people think is right is the question
of Descriptive Ethics

Normative Ethics – concerned with how people ought to act, what sort of person one ought to be or
what sort of policies ought to be implemented
Clarifications and Terminologies

4. Issue Decision Judgement and Dilemma


Moral Issue – used to refer to those particular situations that are often the
source of considerable ad inclusive debates (thus we would often
hear topics such as capital punishment and euthanasia as moral
issue)

Moral Decision – when one is faced in a situation and confronted by the choice of what act to perform

Moral Judgment – when one is an observer who makes an assessment on the actions or behavior

Moral Dilemma – Going beyond the matter of choosing right over wrong, or good over bad, and
considering instead the more complicated situation wherein one is torn between
choosing one of two goods or choosing between the lesser of two evils; When an
individual can choose only one from a number of possible actions and there are
compelling ethical reasons for the various choices.
Clarifications and Terminologies

Reasoning
➢ Why do we suppose that a certain way of acting is right and its opposite is wrong?
➢ what reasons do we give to decide or to judge that a certain way of acting is either right or wrong?
➢ Beyond rewards and punishments, it is possible for our moral valuations, decisions and judgment to
be based on a principle or a moral framework.

Principle
➢ Rationally established grounds by which one justifies and maintains her moral decisions and
judgement.

Moral Theory/Framework
➢ A systematic attempt to establish the validity of maintaining certain moral principles. It is a
structure which can evaluate our reasons for valuing a certain decision or judgement.

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