TE Seminar (301012)

Seminar Report On

ENERGY AUDIT
In the partial fulfillment of the requirement for Third Year
Civil Engineering

Submitted By
Bhushan Gajanan Pokale (T1911024)

Guided by

Dr. S M Shiyekar

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

D Y PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, AKURDI, PUNE
SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY, PUNE
2021-2022
 D. Y. PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY, PUNE)

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the following student has satisfactorily carried out the TE seminar work

entitled “ Energy Audit”.

This work is being submitted for the partial fulfillment of the prescribed syllabus of Third Year
Civil Engineering under Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune for the academic year 2019– 2020.
This seminar report has not been earlier submitted to any other Institute or University for the award
of any degree or diploma.

Bhushan Gajanan Pokale ( T1911024 )

Dr. S M Shiyekar Dr. Ashok More

(Guide) HOD Civil
Dr. Vijay. M. Wadhai
(Principal)

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Date: 20/12/2021

D.Y. Patil College of Engineering

Akurdi, Pune -44, India

Examination Approval Sheet

The Seminar Report entitled

“Energy Audit”
By

Bhushan Gajanan Pokale

(T1911024.)

Is approved for the Third Year Civil Engineering under Savitribai Phule Pune
University, Pune

Examiners :
1. Internal Examiner : ___________

2. External Examiner : ___________

3. Seminar Coordinator : ___________

Date : 20/12/2021

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 D Y PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Declaration by the Student

Date :- 20/12/2021

Title of the Seminar : " ENERGY AUDIT "

I, Bhushan Gajanan Pokale have completed my seminar report entitled “Title of seminar”
in all respect. I hereby take full responsibility of the result of the research work and hereby assure
that the information given is true to the best of my knowledge and belief. I hereby assure that this
work is free from plagiarism and wherever any previous research work is referenced, it is so
mentioned in the text. I understand that any violation of the above will be cause for disciplinary /
penal action by D Y Patil College of Engineering, Savitribai Phule Pune University and from the
sources which have thus not been properly cited or from whom proper permission has not been
taken when needed.

Signature of the Student: ____________________________________

Name of the Student: Bhushan Gajanan Pokale

Exam Seat no. : T1911024

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our thanks to our guide Dr. S M Shiyekar for his technical guidance,
valuable suggestions and constant inspiration throughout the seminar work.
We are thankful to Dr Ashok More, Head of Civil Engineering Department for his immense
support and advice in our endeavour.
We would like to express our greatest appreciation to the Principal Dr. Vijay M. Wadhai who has
been continuous source of encouragement and cooperation throughout.
We are also grateful to all the faculty and staff members for their constant support and help in
completing our seminar work.

Bhushan Gajanan Pokale

( T1911024 )

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 Abstract:

Day by day, energy demand keeps rising so that it is essential to

reduce energy consumption for that energy conservation is needed.
For Conservation of energy the best option is energy audit. Energy
audit is a process to determine when, where, why and how energy is
used in a plant or building. Collection of these information helps to
identify the situation where there is need to improve energy
efficiency and decrease production cost. Normally, an energy audit is
carried out by certified energy Auditors. By conducting energy audit
process in industry, employees begin considering energy as a
manageable expense and try to conserve it in day-to-day action. This
project aims to carry out lighting audit and electric load management
audit in Rajarambapu Patil Sahakari Dudh Sangh Ltd, Islampur. The
main objective of this project is to evaluate use of energy in above
industry for lighting purpose and determine the opportunities for
energy saving with energy efficient equipment's or techniques have to
be adopt in industry to make industry more energy efficient through
energy audit.

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Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Objectives................................................................................................................. 3

2. INTERPRETATION ............................................................................................. 4

3. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS........................................................................ 5
3.1 Description of building ............................................................................................ 6
3.2 Findings.................................................................................................................... 7

4. HISTORICAL DATA ANALYSIS ............................................................................... 13

4.1 Energy Balance ...................................................................................................... 13
Appendix A: Power Consumption Data................................................................................... 15

Appendix B – Energy saving for Air Conditioner. .................................................................. 16

Appendix C - Inventories for Lightings, Air conditioners and other appliances. .................... 17
Appendix D – Additional photos.............................................................................................. 19

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 Table of Figures

Figure 1a: Millennium Building and Figure 1 b: Main wharf................................................... 6

Figure 2: Example of lack of proper lighting management ....................................................... 8

Figure 3: Power Consumption breakdown for CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building............. 14

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1. I NTRODUCTION

1.1 Objectives
The Energy Audit was defined to meet the following objectives:
 Conduct a simple Walk-Through audit or observation of the energy consumption of
electrical appliances within the CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building.

 Review and analyse energy usage history to create a baseline for which savings can be
measured in the audited building.
 Determine what can be done to reduce energy consumption throughout the buildings and
what options are available for system improvements if funding is available.
 Identify and evaluate measures that could improve the environmental performance of the
buildings/wards and provide recommendations.

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2. INTERPRETATION
In this report, unless the contrary intention appears;

Energy Conservation means steps taken to reduce and to use as much energy as necessary
through changing energy consumption behavior, e.g. Switching off lights when not in use.

Energy Efficiency means using less energy to provide the same service/output, eg. Replacing
inefficient light bulbs with efficient ones.

Faulty means an equipment not working or made correctly; having defects.

Potential savings means the actual reduction in operating expenses from the improved energy
efficiency generated by an energy conservation or efficiency activity.

Retrofitting means upgrading an existing system to improve energy efficiency.

Tariff means the amount of money charge by the supplier (utility) per kWh for the use of
electrical energy.

Vampire Load means the way power is consumed by electronic and electrical appliances while
they are switched off or in standby mode (consuming electricity at a cost but not doing any
work).

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3. S UMMARY OF R ECOMMENDATIONS
Below are some recommendations based on general observations carried out throughout the
VIPAM building.

The recommendations are categorized with A being the most urgent where immediate actions
are needed to be executed (first or second week of receiving this report). B can be 1 to 2 months
after receiving this report, while C will depend on the availability of funds.

Table 1: Recommendations

Recommendations

Category A Category B Category C

Apply energy conservation Establish Energy Efficiency Where applicable, replace

measures. Isolate or unplug and Conservation steering all Double Frame light
vampire loads from power committee to take lead with fittings (double tube) with
when not in use (i.e. re- EE&C initiatives and single frame (single tube)
chargeable equipment, management within the throughout the building.
computer and any other CUSTOMS Also remove unnecessary
electronic devices with DEPARTMENT buildings. lights or reduce the number
standby modes). of lights per location.

Renovate or improve the Replace all lights with

Remove faulty light holders lighting control, i.e. add energy efficient light bulbs,
and bulbs or remove live more switches to existing i.e. Replace T8 and T12 (36
wire from socket inside the rooms/spaces where only watt) Fluorescent tubes with
light holder. one switch controls more T5 (15 watt) retrofits.
than 10 lights, especially the
lights in the
conference/meeting room.
Use fans in places where The conservation and
Remove any faulty possible (especially in efficiency mechanisms are
appliances located in the unsealed room, indoor tools for reducing the energy
building. corridor, conference room, consumption.
etc.).

Isolate or unplug faulty air Remove air conditioner if Replace old existing out-
conditioners if found within the room is very poorly door air conditioner units
the building (working but no sealed (i.e. if the room has with efficient ones (if
cold air coming out) and, no seals on the door and funding is available).
OR service the air frequently open at times).
conditioner units quarterly.

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3.1 Description of building

-The customs department main office in Luganville (Santo) is located in the Millennium as
shown on Figure 1a: Millennium Building Figure 1 b.

- Figures Description: Figure 1a: Millennium Building Figure 1 b shows the

operations office that is located within the premises of the Luganville International
wharf and it is less old in contrast to Figure 1a: Millennium Building Figure 1 b.

- Observation: the building is quite old which suggests that its electrical system (wiring,
equipment) is also old. Arrangement of rooms and electrical appliances have huge impact
on monthly Bill.
- Suggestion: old systems are less efficient and may result in unnecessary power

Fig 1: CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT buildings, Luganville

Figure 1a: Millennium Building Figure 1 b: Main wharf

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3.2 Findings
3.2.1 Vampire Loads Findings

i. Issue(s)/Observation(s)

- Electronics appliances (computer, printer, etc.) are still ON even though they are
turned off.

- Appliances on STANBY MODE are draining power even though they are not
doing any use full task.

-Hot water boilers are also considered as vampire loads when left to ‘keep the
water hot’.

- Faulty light fittings which are left without bulb and faulty bulb which is intact
are also vampire loads.

ii. Recommendation(s)

- All Electronic appliances should always be ‘unplugged’ or turned from the power
sockets, after office hours.

- try to avoid putting appliances on ‘STANBY MODE’.

- Only use hot water heater to boil water instead of leaving it to ‘Keep water hot’

- Remove faulty lightings.

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3.2.2 Lighting

Lighting is the most common load which is used in all the rooms and outdoors. Here are some
of the aspects and faults that were discovered:

i) Findings of lightings

a. Observation(s)/Issue(s):
- It has been observed there are a lot of unnecessary lights in one single room
(see Figure 2)
- Too many lights are assigned to 1 switch.

b. Recommendation:
- Turn OFF lights when not used.
-Reduce the number of lights per switch, to better manage lighting.
-Reduce the number of lights per room.

Too many lights in one room,

i.e. “Poor management of
lightings”

Figure 2: Example of lack of proper lighting management

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 ii) Faulty lights

a. Observation(s)/Issue(s): Ballast of faulty light will draw power when the lights are ON
even though it is not working.

b. Recommendation(s): Disconnect the live wire connected to the faulty light bulb (s) to
avoid leakage of energy.

Figure 3: Faulty Lightings (vampire loads)

This faulty light still absorb power even though it is not ON.

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3.2.4 Air conditioners

i. Air Conditioning Management:

a. Observation(s)/Issue(s):
- Brand & model not consistent throughout the building which is expensive for maintenance.

- Officers leaving the door open when entering and exiting the room where the air conditioner
is located.

- air conditioning contributes to about 62% of the overall power consumption of the buildings.

- windows and doors of the air conditioned rooms not sealed properly i.e. using louvers is
‘highly Not recommended’.

b. Recommendation(s)
- Use same brand throughout (cheap for maintenance cost)
- It is recommended that the air conditioners be serviced quarterly.
- use sealed glass windows and sealed glass doors.
- always close door when entering/exiting an air-conditioned room (put a notice on
the front and back of the door as a reminder).
- Keep and maintain the temperature at 가가 ℃ during summer and occasionally
used in winder.
- Switch OFF when not in use but avoid reducing to a lower temperature and
leave it ON
- Use electric fan whenever possible.
- Use outside breeze when possible, should the air conditioner be turned off
completely to minimize the cost of electricity.
- Installation of correct sizing of air conditioner in the rooms.
- All installed air conditioners should be service at least twice or three times a year.

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Figure 4: Air conditioners used within the CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building.

This needs to be replaced with Glass windows and sealed properly to minimise power
consumption of air conditioning to reduce electricity bill.

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3.2.5 Office Equipment (Computers, printers and network accessories)

i. Findings of Office Equipment

a. Issue(s)/Observation(s):

-Most of the office equipment are usually left without turning them off after working
hours and are using electricity as Vampire loads.
- Electronics appliances (computer, printer, etc.) are still ON when connected to power
point even though they are turned off.

b. Recommendation(s)
-all office equipment such as printers, computers i.e. PC, monitor, etc. must be
turned off on the power point or unplug from the power point

- Avoid putting equipment on ‘STANDBY MODE’

Figure 5: Sample Office Equipment

Clear example of equipment

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4. H ISTORICAL D AT A ANALYSIS

4.1 Energy Balance

Table 2 shows the electricity consumption of Customs department (both offices combined) for
a 1-year period. Raw data was not provided accordingly, hence an average estimated power
consumption was calculated

Table 2: Electricity bill budget for CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT (April 2018 – March 2019)

Month Power Total Electricity

Consumption(kWh)/Month Cost (Vatu)/Month

April/2018 1,161 kWh 67,820 VT

June/2018 1,068 kWh 61,975 VT

September/2018 844 kWh 47,946 VT

February/2019 1023 kWh 61,709 VT

March/2019 1,219 kWh 75,241 VT

Total 5,315 kWh 314,691 VT

From Table 2, the average cost of the monthly consumption is calculated to be: 62,938 VT,

Thus, the cost of the yearly consumption is 755,258 VT

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 Figure 3: Power Consumption breakdown for CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building

Customs Department,Electricity Consumption Break down

Other
5%
IT
16%

Lighting
7%

Air Conditioning
Referigeration 62%
10%

Air Conditioning Referigeration Lighting IT Other

Analysis of the chart in Figure 3.

-Air conditioning is responsible for high significant proportion of the total energy consumption
followed by lightings.
- There is variation among the appliance due to their arrangement within the building, the hours in
which they operate and the rate at which they consume electricity.
- There is variation among the appliance due to their arrangement within the building, the hours in
which they operate and the rate at which they consume electricity.

- It is evident that avenues need to be utilised to better managed electricity consumption of such
appliances.

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Appendix A: Power Consumption Data
Power consumption data for the CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building (2018/2019)

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Appendix B – Energy saving for Air Conditioner within
the CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building.
Sample calculation of approximate energy savings for Air Conditioner Savings with
proper management (Sealed door and window) of Millennium Building.

Assume that the power consumption of evaporator for all the 1,600 W unit is 200 W:

. 퐶표푠푡 표푓 푃표푤푒푟 푝푒푟 푦푒푎푟 )

(풖풏풔풆풂풍풆풅1,600 푑표표푟푠 푎푛푑 200
= ( ( ( 1000) × 8) + ( ( ) × 8 ) ) × 4 푢푛 × 5 푑푎푦푠 푝푒푟
1000 푤푒푒푘
× 52 푤푒푒푘푠 푝푒푟 푦푒푎푟 × 36.867
푉푇/푘푤ℎ

= 가가가가가가. 가가가 푽푻 풑풆풓 풚풆풂풓

. 퐶표푠푡 표푓 푃표푤푒푟 푝푒푟 푦푒푎푟 )

(풔풆풂풍풆풅 푑표표푟푠 푎푛푑
1,600 200
= ( ( ( 1000) × 1) + ( ( ) × 1 ) ) × 4 푢푛 × 5 푑푎푦푠 푝푒푟
1000 푤푒푒푘
× 52 푤푒푒푘푠 푝푒푟 푦푒푎푟 × 36.867
푉푇/푘푤ℎ

= 가가, 가가가. 가가가 푽푻 풑풆풓

풚풆풂풓

. 푺풂풗풊풏품풔 풑풆풓 풚풆풂풓 푤ℎ푒푛 풅풐풐풓풔 &

풘풊풏풅풐풘풔 풂풓풆 풔풆풂풍풆풅.

= 가가가가가가. 가가가 푽푻 − 가가가가가. 가가가 푽푻

= 가가가, 가가가. 가가가 푽푻
풑풆풓 풚풆풂풓
. (푎푠푠푢푚푒 푐표푠푡 표푓 150,000 푉푇)
푃푎푦푏푎푐 푠푒푎푙푒푑 푑표표푟푠 &
푘푡 가가가, 가가가 푽푻
= 가. 가가가가
풚풆풂풓풔
가가가, 가가가. 가가가 푽푻

∴ 풑풂풚풃풂풄풌 풑풆풓풊풐풅 풊풔 풍풆풔풔 풕풉풂풏 풂 풚풆풂풓, 풘풉풊풄풉 풔풖품품풆풔풕풔

풕풉풂풕 풊풏풗풆풔풕풊풏품 풊풏 풔풆풂풍풆풅 풅풐풐풓

풊풔 풘풐풓풕풉풘풊풍풆, 풊. 풆. 풄풐풔풕 풆풇풇풆풄풕풊풗풆.

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Appendix C - Inventories for Lightings, Air conditioners and
other appliances.
i. Lighting Inventory for the CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building

Appliance Quantity Power Consumption (W)

T8 Fluorescent 23 36

Tube- linear(single/double)
T5 Fluorescent Tube
3 18
13 15
Compact Fluorescent

ii. Air conditioner and Fan inventory for CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT buildings

Brand Type Quantity Rated Temp. Hou

Power Setting rs/D
Consumpti ay
on (W)

Air conditioner

Sanyo Split type 2 780 21 8

Hitachi Split type 1 2050 24 8

Green Aircon Split type 4 1600 23 8

Supercool Split type 1 825 22 8

Fan

Brand - Normal Ceiling type 2 78 - 2

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iii. Other Appliances inventory for the CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT building

Appliance Quantity Power Consumption (W)

Kambrook water boiler
1 700 W
Electric Kettle 1 1200 W

Rice Cooker
1 700 W

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Appendix D – Additional photos

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