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CR Console Basic Course
03） DICOM Basic
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DICOM Basic
• What is DICOM?
• What is defined?
• Basic terms
• DICOM Communication log
• Components of DICOM Standards
What is DICOM?
Why DICOM is necessary?
• Before DICOM was enacted, each manufacturer and
facility exchanged data on their own methods.
– Development of own standard is necessary and it costs much.
– It is difficult to connect an equipment of other manufacturers.
• Having difficulty in replacing equipments and expanding
system.
• DICOM Standard was enacted as a standard protocol.
– Making the connection between the equipments that support
DICOM easy.
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What is DICOM?
Without DICOM…
I have to
know all
languages!!!
Hello
FUJIFILM
Bonjour
你好
COMPANY A
COMPANY B
Hello olá
I have to
support all
communication
FUJIFILM
protocols!!!
COMPANY C 5
If I know
What is DICOM? DICOM
standard, I
With DICOM FUJIFILM can talk to
anybody!
COMPANY B
DICOM
Standard COMPANY C
COMPANY A COMPANY D
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What is DICOM?
Outline
• Abbreviation of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine.
• Communication protocol for medical imaging device (de facto standard).
• Consists of main part (1 to 18) and supplement.
• Currently DICOM Standards Committee conducts enactment of new
standards and revision.
• Available by downloading from the URL below.
http://medical.nema.org/
What is DICOM?
History
• 1983: ACR-NEMA Committee was established by
American College of Radiology (ACR) and
National Electrical Manufacturers Association(NEMA).
• 1985: ACR-NEMA V1
• 1988: ACR-NEMA V2 (Point to Point)
• 1993: Enacted DICOM Standard.
• 1993: Storage, Q/R
• 1993 - present: standardized Media Storage, Print,
Worklist Management, Performed Procedure Step,
Structured Reporting, etc. 8
What is DICOM?
Scope
• Upper protocol of TCP/IP
Application layer
Presentation layer DICOM
Session layer
Transport layer (TCP)
Network layer (IP)
Data link layer (Ethernet)
Physical layer
OSI reference model
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What is defined?
• Image format
- Image element
- Data element
• Communication
- Communication procedure
- Communication method
• Storage
- Storage format (Compressed, not compressed)
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What is defined?
Image and Data element
• Image is a group of pixels.
• Data element is various information regarding the
image.
- Patient information (Patient ID, Patient Name, Sex, Date of Birth, etc.)
- Study information (Study Date, Body part, Accession No., etc.)
- Image information (Image Size, Image Creation Date, Image UID, etc.)
etc.
• Image and data element are controlled together.
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What is defined?
Study information and series information
• DICOM data consists of four-layer information: Patient
– Patient information
– Study information Study Study Study
– Series information
– Image data. Series Series Series
Image Image
Images
• Combination of information is as follows.
– A patient can take more than one study.
– A study can take more than one series information.
– A series can take more than one image. 12
What is defined?
Communication procedure
• Example of commands and data exchange between storage.
(1) A-ASSOCIATE-RQ
CR Console
PACS
(2) A-ASSOCIATE-AC （or RJ）
(3) C-STORE-RQ
(4) C-STORE-RSP
Image data is
(5) A-RELEASE-RQ sent here.
(6) A-RELEASE-RP 13
Basic terms
• DICOM Setting (General)
Host Name
IP Address
AE Name
SCU Setting Port Number
Service Class
Role: SCU
Transfer Syntax
Host Name
CR Console IP Address
AE Name
SCP Setting Port Number
Service Class
Role: SCP
Transfer Syntax
SCU/SCP settings are also necessary for DICOM device. 14
Basic terms
1. Conformance Statement
• Document that describes the range of DICOM Standard that DICOM-
compliant device supports.
2. Service Class
• Generic name of functions provided by DICOM-compliant device
(STORAGE,PRINT, QUERY/RETRIEVE, etc.)
3. SCP, SCU
• Abbreviation of Service Class Provider (a role that provides service)
• Abbreviation of Service Class User (a role that uses service)
4. SOP
• Abbreviation of Service Object Pair
5. AE
• Abbreviation of Application Entity 15
• Application program that execute DICOM communication.
Basic terms
6. Tag
• Unit which delimits data element on DICOM communication
7. VR
• Abbreviation of Value Representation
• Data format
8. Abstract Syntax
• Equivalent to SOP
9. Transfer Syntax
• Definition of data encoding method on DICOM communication
10. Association Negotiation
• Negotiation which starts DICOM communication
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Basic terms
1. Conformance Statement
• DICOM is a very large protocol, and "DICOM-compliant device"
applies only "a part of" DICOM functions.
• DICOM Conformance Statement describes the range of DICOM
Standard that DICOM-compliant device supports.
• Usually, it is provided by a vendor of DICOM-compliant device.
(Many vendors also publish it on their web site.)
• To connect an equipment with another, it is important
to exchange each Conformance Statement and
confirm the connecting possibility in writing.
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Basic terms
2. Service Class (Examples)
• STORAGE
– It allows one DICOM AE to send images,waveforms, reports, etc., to another.
• PRINT MANAGEMENT
– It allows one DICOM AE to print images and image related data on a hard copy media.
• QUERY/RETRIEVE
– It allows a DICOM AE to retrieve composite object instances from a remote DICOM AE
or request the remote DICOM AE to initiate a transfer of composite object instances to
another DICOM AE
• BASIC WORKLIST MANAGEMENT
– It allows a DICOM AE to communicate worklists that is the structure to present
information related to a particular set of tasks.
• PROCEDURE STEP
– It allows a DICOM AE to communicate state and result of worklists.
• VERIFICATION
– It allows one DICOM AE to request verification of communication to a remote DICOM AE.
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Basic terms
3. SCP, SCU
SCU SCP
PRINT
CR Console DRYPIX
STORAGE
CR Console HIC
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Basic terms
4. SOP (Examples)
• SOP Class supported by CR Console
• The types of SOP are defined at DICOM Part 4.
Computed Radiography Image Storage SOP Class
Object Service
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Basic terms
5. AE
DICOM communication equipment is identified by
information below.
- IP Address : Network address of the system (defined by TCP/IP)
Ex.) 172.16.1.20
- Port No. : Sub-address of IP address
Ex.) 104
- AE Title : Identifier of AE which works on the system (within 16 bytes)
Ex.) FCR-CSL
SYSTEM （DRYPIX)
SYSTEM (CR Console) Port number
DRYPIX7000
FCR-CSL IP Address 1
172.16.1.40 104
DRYPIX7000High
172.16.1.20 1024
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Basic terms
6. Tag
• Unit which delimits data element on DICOM communication
• The types of tag are defined at DICOM Part 6.
• Ex.) (0010,0020) stands for patient ID. It is in common among any
any
DICOM equipment. 22
Basic terms
7. VR
• VR is data format and is determined for each tag.
• The types of VR are defined at DICOM Part 5.
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Basic terms
9. Transfer Syntax
• Definition of data encoding method on DICOM communication
DICOM Default
Transfer Syntax Uncompressed
z Implicit VR Little Endian (LEI)
z Explicit VR Little Endian (LEE)
z Explicit VR Big Endian
Compressed Lossless
z JPEG Lossless
Lossy
z JPEG Lossy
Not used for FCR 24
Basic terms
9. Transfer Syntax
• SOP Class and Transfer Syntax are defined at DICOM Part 6.
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Basic terms
9. Transfer Syntax (Uncompressed)
• “Implicit VR” and “Explicit VR”
VR is/is not described in data format.
- Data format of “Explicit VR”
(0010,0020） LO 10byte 1234567890
- Data format of “Implicit VR”
(0010,0020） 10byte 1234567890
• “Little Endian” and “Big Endian”
Difference of data sequence while pasting data on memory space.
- Little Endian : Describe from lower byte.
3 types of combination
0x1234 is described as 34 12
- Implicit VR Little Endian
- Big Endian : Describe from high byte. - Explicit VR Little Endian
0x1234 is described as 12 34 - Explicit VR Big Endian
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Basic terms
9. Transfer Syntax (Compressed)
• FCR supports only JPEG Lossless.
- JPEG Lossless, non-hierarchical, first-order prediction
• Using a method of predicting targeted pixel value from
neighboring one and compressing it by Huffman coding.
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Basic terms
10. Association Negotiation
SCU informs SCP of the service class it wants
to use (AbstractSyntax) and the data
communication method (TransferSyntax).
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DICOM Communication log
Sample of the CR Console DICOM Communication log
000102882006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> A-ASSOCIATE-RQ
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> PresentationContextID -> 0x01
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> AbstractSyntax -> "1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> TransferSyntax -> "1.2.840.10008.1.2"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM R <9dc> A-ASSOCIATE-AC
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM R <9dc> PresentationContextID -> 0x01 Result (0x00)
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM R <9dc> TransferSyntax -> "1.2.840.10008.1.2"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> C-STORE-RQ
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,0000) 4(0x4) UL -> 134(0x86)
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,0002) 25(0x19) UI
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc>-> "1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,0100) 2(0x2) US -> 1(0x1) <C-STORE-RQ>
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,0110) 2(0x2) US -> 3(0x3)
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,0700) 2(0x2) US -> 0(0x0)
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,0800) 2(0x2) US -> 258(0x102)
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0000,1000) 52(0x34) UI
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc>-> "1.2.392.200036.9125.9.0.51355534.81921536.3814398690"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0008,0000) 4(0x4) UL -> 644(0x284)
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0008,0005) 29(0x1d) CS
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc>-> "ISO 2022 IR 13¥ISO 2022 IR 87"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0008,0008) 42(0x2a) CS
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc>-> "DERIVED¥PRIMARY¥POST_PROCESSED¥¥¥¥¥¥100000"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0008,0016) 25(0x19) UI
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc>-> "1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1"
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc> (0008,0018) 52(0x34) UI 29
2006/04/20 18:39:59 E-FILM S <9dc>-> "1.2.392.200036.9125.9.0.51355534.81921536.3814398690"
DICOM Communication log
How to display DICOM Log of CR Console.
1. Change DICOM Log Mode.
- Run C:¥Program Files¥FujiFilm¥IIP¥System¥DicomLogMode.exe 2
- Dialog box appears.
2. Conduct DICOM communication.
- Log is recorded in the folder below.
C:¥Program Files¥FujiFilm¥IIP¥Log (¥A to Z)
3. Open the log file by Note pad.
For detail, See FR4-1 of Service Manual
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Components of DICOM Standards
General Data Storage Display
PS 3.4 Service Class Specifications
PS 3.1
PS 3.11 Media Storage
Introduct PS 3.3 Information Object Application Profiles
ion and
Overview
PS 3.6 Data Dictionary
PS 3.14
Grayscale
PS 3.5 Data Structures and Encoding Standard
Display
Function
Communication PS 3.10 Media Storage and File
PS 3.2 Format for Media Interchange
PS 3.7 Message Exchange
Conform
ance
PS 3.8 Network PS 3.12 Media Formats and
Communication Support Physical Media for Media
for Message Exchange Interchange
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