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Exercise 3.1: INTL 704 Answers

This document provides answers to questions about rail transportation in Canada and freight forwarding concepts. The major railways in Canada are Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian National Railway. Rail can carry a variety of products including grains, coal, chemicals and intermodal containers. Shortline railways connect to the major railways. Freight forwarders should consider cargo dimensions and weight when moving oversized items by rail. Intermodal shipments involve two modes of transportation such as rail and ocean shipping. Pool car operators consolidate smaller shipments into full trainloads and are liable for any loss or damage to cargo.

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238 views3 pages

Exercise 3.1: INTL 704 Answers

This document provides answers to questions about rail transportation in Canada and freight forwarding concepts. The major railways in Canada are Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian National Railway. Rail can carry a variety of products including grains, coal, chemicals and intermodal containers. Shortline railways connect to the major railways. Freight forwarders should consider cargo dimensions and weight when moving oversized items by rail. Intermodal shipments involve two modes of transportation such as rail and ocean shipping. Pool car operators consolidate smaller shipments into full trainloads and are liable for any loss or damage to cargo.

Uploaded by

Ecren KELEŞ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTL 704 Module 3 Answers

Exercise 3.1
1. What are the two major railways in Canada?

Canadian Pacific Railway (CP Rail), Canadian National Railway (CN Rail).

2. Name the 8 principal products carried by rail.

Wheat and other grains, coal, potash, sulphur, copper, nickel and iron ore,
sand and stone, automobiles and trucks, forest products, liquefied
petroleum gas, petroleum products, chemicals and phosphate rock,
ocean/multimodal containers.

3. Shortline railways could be considered as feeder railways to CP and CN.

4. Name at least three different types of rail equipment available for movement.

Boxcars, hopper cars, automobile cars, gondolas (top loading for bulk), flat
cars.

5. What do COFC and TOFC mean?

Acronyms for two types of intermodal rail movements that stand “Container
on Flat Car” and “Trailer on Flat Car” respectively.

6. Define a unit train.

Generally an assembly of cars that carry one specific bulk commodity, such
as coal, wheat or containers continuously between two points. These trains
are almost never uncoupled.

7. When moving over-dimensional cargo by rail, what are the factors a freight
forwarder should be aware of?

Widths exceeding 10 ft, 8 in; heights exceeding 11 ft; cargo exceeding the
length of the rail car; cargo weights exceeding 150,000 lb.

8. What is meant by an intermodal shipment?

The movement of goods that involves two types (or modes) of transportation
between the origin and destination, i.e., rail and ship.

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INTL 704 Module 3 Answers

9. What is a “double-stack” train?

An assemble of cars that has specially designed railcars, called well-cars,


that allow two containers (or four TEU’s) to be stacked one on top of each
other. (two high).

10. What does FAK mean?

This is the commodity code that carriers use for assessing freight rates for
general freight that stands for “Freight all kinds”.

11. What does “piggyback” mean?

Historically, “piggyback” was the loading of a truck trailer onto a rail flat car
that was railed to a terminal in the city of its final destination. “Piggyback,”
in its purest sense, is the utilization of rail equipment to move a “block” of
cargo from origin to destination. This “block” of cargo can be a truck trailer,
an ocean container, or an intermodal container supplied by the railway. The
term
“piggyback” is being replaced by the term intermodal.

12. When would you choose to move a shipment by rail?

When the shipment is over-weight or over-dimensional (normally


overweight) or when you have large quantities of commodities or containerized
cargo that make it more economical than movement by road (or inland waterway).

13. If you book an ocean container shipment from Toronto and it is sailing from
Halifax, who regularly makes the arrangements with the railway?

The steamship line normally makes the arrangements with the railway to
move the container from the railhead to the port of loading. This is
especially the case when the containers are line-owned and the “port of
loading” is Toronto (in this instance).

14. What is a pool car operator, and what services do they provide?

These are also known as “rail freight forwarders” and are companies that
consolidate small shipments into full railcar loads to move between two
named cities and take advantage of the lower freight rates available for bulk
shipments.

15. If there is loss or damage to cargo, is a pool car operator liable?

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INTL 704 Module 3 Answers

Yes, they are fully liable, as they are acting as the principal carrier.

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