Mini project Report on

LASER SECURITY SYSTEM

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHONOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY:
SHAIK.ARFATH DURANI 19ME1A04I0
PASPULATHI.VIKRAM 19ME1A04F4

Under the Guidance of

Mrs.P.BHAGYA SRI MTech.,

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 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE:
This is to certify that this project report entitled “Laser Security System”
is being submitted by SK.ARFATH DURANI 19ME1A04I0,P.VIKRAM 19ME1A04F4 in
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY, ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING is a
bonafide work carried out under my guidance and supervision during the academic year
2021-2022 and it has been found worthy of acceptance according to the requirement of
the university.

Project guide Head of the department

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many individuals have contributed towards fulfillment of this work in one or many ways.
This work could not have seen light without the help of all these people. It will be our
pleasure and responsibility to acknowledge their contributions.
We would like to express our deep sense of gratitude to our guide Mrs.P.BHAGYA SRI,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, department of ECE for his valuable guidance, constant
encouragement and fruitful suggestions during the entire period of this dissertation
work.
We thank Dr. L. BHARATHI, HOD, for his kind of cooperation, expert guidance and for
showing us the right direction when we were lost. We sincerely thank him for his
valuable time and enormous patience. We thank him from the bottom of our heart for
providing and allowing us to use all the facilities of the department. His Expert guidance,
untiring attitude, student centric care is highly acknowledged.
We thank Prof. Dr. M. MURALIDHARA RAO, Principal for providing us with all the
infrastructural facilities towards successful completion of this work.
We thank SRI K. VENUGOPAL, Secretary and Correspondent, RCE for providing with
good academic and research environment in the department.
We thank Sri. K. SAI ROHIT, Managing Director, RCE for providing with good academic
and excellent infrastructure facilities in the department.
We thank all the Teaching and Non-Teaching members of the department for their help
and encouragement.
We thank our parents, friends, family and all our gurus who stood for us and taught us
to stand against all odds in life. We also thank them for educating us in one or other
way. We thank almighty for blessing us with necessary strength, courage and a mind set
to understand technical aspects.

19ME1A04F4 P.VIKRAM
19ME1A04I0 SK.ARFATH DURANI

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 Abstract
This Paper is all about a new security device. After Simulation in the platform of
proteus it has been seen that it is very much efficient, reliable, easily
maintainable, tiny in size. Where the other devices in the market are not efficient,
various hazards are the in maintenance. So interlocatution can be made that it is
very indispensable for a high security place where nobody are allow to enter .

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 Table of Contents

page No

 Introduction 6
 Components Required 7
 Component Description 7-10
 Laser Pointer
 LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
 BC547 Transistor
 Buzzer
 Resistors
 Circuit Diagram 10
 Circuit Design 11
 Working of the Project 12
 Advantages 13
 Disadvantages 13
 Application 14
 Output of the project 15
 Conclusion 16
 Future scope 17
 Reference 17

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 INTRODUCTION
Laser based Security System is a type of security and alarm system that uses laser
light and a light sensor. A security system protects our homes, offices, banks,
lockers etc. from intrusion and unauthorised access. There are different types of
security systems available and laser based security system is an important and
efficient type. A Laser security system can acts as a standalone system, which
makes some sound or noise when it detects any irregular activity, or can be part
of a much bigger security and home automation system, which can send
messages, call the owner etc.In this project, we have designed a simple DIY lased
based security system, which acts as a tripwire like security system and triggers an
alarm when the laser in interrupted.

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 COMPONENTS REQUIRED
 LDR
 10 KΩ Resistors (1/4 Watt)
 BC547 (NPN Transistor)
 LED
 Buzzer
 Laser Pointer
 Power Supply 9v
 Connecting Wires
 Mirrors

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
Laser Pointer
Laser Pointer acts as the main source of light in this project. We have used
a small laser pointer with an output power of less than 1mW. The laser
pointer emits red light and the wavelength of the laser output is between
630 nm to 680 nm.

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 LDR (Light Dependent Resistor
The LDR acts as a light sensor in this project. As the intensity of the light
falling on the LDR increases, the resistance of the LDR decreases and vice –
versa. The LDR is used in combination with the laser to form the light sensor
and source.

BC547 Transistor
In this project we use the transistor which take the input on its base
treminal and give the output on the collector terminal and all the circuit
connected with collector is become active.

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 LED
It is used to indicate the active status of the circuit

Resistor
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements
electrical resistance as a circuit element.In electronic circuits, resistors are
used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias
active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses.

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 Buzzer
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical,
electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Typical uses of buzzers and beepers
include alarm devices, timers and confirmation of user input such as a
mouse click or keystroke.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DESIGN
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The design of the laser security system circuit is very simple. We will see the
design of the circuit in this section and in the working explanation we will see
the working of the individual component.
Coming to the design of the circuit, first, the LDR and a 10 K Ω resistor are
connected in a voltage divider fashion and its output (common point) is
connected to the base terminal.
The output after LDR is connected to the base of the transistor (BC547)
through a resistor.
Rest of the connection are shown in the circuit diagram.

WORKING OF PROJECT

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A simple, cheap and effective laser based security system is developed in
this project. Let us see the working of this project.
First, the LDR – 10 KΩ resistor is connected to the base of the transistor to
active and deactive the collector circuit.
Assume, the laser pointer is placed directly in line of sight to the LDR and
the light from the laser is continuously being incident on LDR.
In this situation, the resistance of LDR falls down to few Ohms
(or tens of Ohms) and as a result, the voltage at base of transistor is
munumum and transistor is off and the circuit with collecter terminal is not
on and the transistor is OFF.
If the laser light is blocked by an intruder from falling on the LDR (even for a
small duration), the resistance of the LDR goes to few hundreds of Ohms
and as a result, the collector circuit is on. This will turn on the Transistor.

ADVANTAGES

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 Laser Security System can be used in safety lockers in our homes, where
even if the locker’s code is hacked, it acts as an additional layer of security.
 Apart from security systems, this laser based setup can also be used to
check if pets or babies crossed a certain boundary.
They Consume less power when compared to the laser system as the
whole, which is expensive.

DISADVANTAGES
 The laser security system works only if the laser is obstructed. If the
intruder passes without obstructing the laser, it is considered as a failure.
 In order to secure a larger area, we need more lasers and corresponding
sensors.

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 APPLICATIONS
 Laser Security System can be used in safety lockers in our homes, where
even if the locker’s code is hacked, it acts as an additional layer of security.
 Apart from security systems, this laser based setup can also be used to
check if pets or babies crossed a certain boundary.

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 OUTPUT OF PROJECT

When the laser beam falling over the LDR is interrupted by the object in the
field of laser net, hence the LDR develops an output voltage and the alarm
rings showing the sign of any intruders. The Laser Security System has been
successfully designed and developed. The buzzer is turned on as the laser
beam falling on the LDR is interrupted. The experimental model was made
according to the circuit diagram and the result was as expected .

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 CONCLUSION

Laser security system provides us the security against any crime, theft in
our day to day life and so people are installing them in order to stay safe,
secure and sound. Various electronic security systems can be used at home
and other important working places for security and safety purposes. It is a
great opportunity and source of saving man power contributing no wastage
of electricity. The "Laser Security System" is an important helping system.
Using this system robbery, thefts & crime can be avoided to large extend.
Avoiding thieves results in the safety of our financial assets and thereby this
system provides us protection against all.

FUTURE SCOPE

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In the end, we made the laser security in low budget. It had been protect in
full security. Laser security systems are a high tech technology that used to
be a part of home security only available to the wealthy.
For further we can upgrade the equipment based on the needs.

REFERENCE

1. https://www.electronicshub.org
2. http://en.wikioedia.org/wiki/Main-Page
3. https://blog.prayogindia.in/make-laser-light-security-alarm/

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