W.S.1. Life processes.

Name ………………………………………

All plants and animals carry out seven processes in order to stay alive. The table
below shows these seven LIFE PROCESSES.

Movement This is easier to see in animals than in plants. Plants move very slowly as
they grow.

Respiration Getting energy by reacting food with oxygen.

Sensitivity Sensing changes around them and then responding.

Growth Food is used to build up the parts of the body.

Reproduction Producing offspring (young).

Excretion Getting rid of poisonous waste chemicals from the body.

Nutrition Plants make their own food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Animals must feed
on plants or other animals.

Use the name MRS GREN as an easy way to remember all 7 life processes.

Exercise 1 – Complete the sentences below.

1) It is usually easier to see movement in A _ _ _ _ _ _

2) We respire in order to produce E _ _ _ _ _ for the body.

3) Our ears, eyes and nose give us S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4) If living organisms did not R _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ they would soon become

extinct (die out).

5) The kidneys E _ _ _ _ _ _ a waste chemical called urea.

Exercise 2 - A motor car moves but it is not living. Complete the two lists below to show
which processes it does and does not show.

Processes a car does show Processes a car does not show

movement growth

nutrition (takes in petrol) …………………………

………………………… …………………………

…………………………

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
W.S.2. Plant and animal organs. Name ………………………………………

Exercise 1 - Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

In the human body many cells of the same .................... join together to
form TISSUES. These tissues then join together to form .................... An
organ is a part of the .................... that has one or more important
..................… to carry out. All of the organs work together to keep the
body ................... The bodies of most animals and .................... are made up
of many organs. Several organs working together on one large task is
called a .................... For example, in the human body the mouth, gullet,
stomach and .......................... make up the digestive system.

intestines type organs plants jobs body healthy system

Exercise 2 – Join up the organs below to their correct description.

Descriptions

Brain This pumps blood around the body.

Heart This organ makes food in a plant.

Leaf This controls the rest of the body.

Stomach This organ makes seeds in a plant.

Flower This helps to digest food.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.3. Animal and plant cells. Name ………………………………………

Exercise 1 – Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

The bodies of all plants and …………………… are made up of tiny living units
called ……………… Some microscopic organisms consist of only a …………………
cell but the bodies of most plants and animals are made up of ……………………
of cells. There are many different ………………… of plant and animal cells.
The diagrams below show the ………………… that they usually contain.

parts animals cells types millions single

Plant cell
Animal cell
cell wall

vacuole

nucleus

cytoplasm

cell membrane

chloroplast

Exercise 2 – Join up the cell parts below to their correct jobs.

Cell part Job

Nucleus covers the membrane and gives strength to a plant cell.

Cytoplasm controls what the cell does.

Cell wall jelly that fills the cell, chemical reactions happen here.

Chloroplast stores water in a plant cell.

Vacuole absorbs light energy to make food for the plant.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.4. Different cells for different jobs. Name ……………………………

Exercise 1 – Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

Nearly all cells contain a membrane, ………………… and cytoplasm. There are
many ……………………… types of cells. They vary in their shape and …………………
depending on their functions (jobs). Each type of cell is well ………………………
(suited) to its function. In the human ………………… there are about twenty
different types of cell, each has a certain ……………… to do. This makes the
body work much …………………… than if each cell was trying to do everything.

better different nucleus size body adapted job

Exercise 2 – Join up the cells below to their correct descriptions.

Ciliated cell
This cell is found lining the windpipe.
Its surface is covered with tiny hairs
called cilia. These waft dirt and germs
up to the throat.

Palisade cell
This cell is found on the top side of a
leaf. It contains tiny green discs called
chloroplasts. These absorb sunlight in
order to make food.

Sperm cell
It uses its tail to swim to the ovum.
The head contains the nucleus which
enters the ovum during fertilisation.

Root Hair cell

This is found on the surface of a root.
Its job is to absorb water from the
soil. It is long and thin with a big
surface area to absorb water.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.5. A balanced diet. Name ………………………………………

Exercise 1 - Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

In order to stay ........................ the body needs seven main chemicals which
are called food .................... These are carbohydrates, proteins, ..................,
minerals, vitamins, fibre and water. A balanced diet contains the
.................... amounts of all seven food types. Carbohydrates are sugars
and .................... Carbohydrates give us energy quickly. Fats also give us
.................... but they release it much more slowly. Stored fat under the
skin also helps us to keep .................... We need ..................... to help us grow
and to repair damaged parts. Minerals and ............................ are needed in
smaller amounts to keep the body healthy. Fibre helps to keep the food
moving along the ..........................

intestines types fats warm correct protein starch healthy energy vitamins

Food type Foods rich in this

Carbohydrate Starchy and sugary foods, e.g. potato, bread, cereals and cakes.
Protein Meat, fish, eggs, cheese, milk and nuts.

Fat Vegetable oils, butter, lard, cream, cheese and some meats.

Vitamins Fresh fruit and vegetables.

Minerals A wide range of foods, e.g. iron from meat and calcium from milk.

Fibre Cereals, fruit and vegetables.

Exercise 2 – Write down the main FOOD TYPES that each of the foods below contain.

_________________ __________________ ___________________ __________________

_________________ __________________ ___________________ __________________

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.6. Food and digestion. Name ………………………………………

Exercise 1 - Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

The body needs food for a number of reasons. We need food for growth
and to …………………… worn out or damaged parts. We also get ……………………
from food. Energy is used for movement, producing ……………… and to keep
all of the parts working properly. Before the body ………………… can use the
food we eat it must pass into the blood. The food is broken down into
very small soluble molecules by the ……………………… system. These molecules
then pass through the walls of the ………………………… and into the blood.

intestines heat repair cells digestive energy

Exercise 2 - Study the diagram below of the human digestive system and then carefully
add the labels by choosing from the list at the bottom of this page

tongue salivary gland liver gall bladder small intestine gullet

pancreas stomach large intestine appendix rectum anus

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.7. Stages of digestion. Name ………………………………………

Food is slowly broken down by our digestive system. It is broken up by chewing in the
mouth and by churning of the stomach muscles. Special chemicals called ENZYMES
break up large food molecules into smaller ones. These molecules then slowly seep out
into the blood through tiny pores in the walls of the small intestines. Any undigested
food enters the large intestine where water is absorbed back into the blood. The
solid waste is then passed out of the body.

What to do
This table gives descriptions of organs in the human digestive system. Read each description and then
write down the name of each organ in the left hand column. Use the words at the bottom of this page.

Organ Description
Here the food is chewed and moistened with saliva. The food is shaped
into a round ball before it is swallowed.

This is a tube that squeezes the food down to the stomach.

This is a bag that churns up the food. It contains gastric juice and
hydrochloric acid. Gastric juice contains an enzyme that digests protein.
The acid kills germs.

This is a very long tube that the food passes into after it leaves the
stomach. Here the food is completely digested and then it is absorbed
through the walls and into the blood stream.

This is a small leaf-shaped organ. It makes pancreatic juice which passes

into the small intestine. This juice contains an alkali that helps to
neutralise the acid from the stomach. It also contains several enzymes.

This organ makes a chemical called BILE which is stored in a small bag
called the GALL BLADDER. The bile is squeezed into the small intestine
where it helps to break up large pieces of fat.

This is a wide tube that the undigested food passes through. Water is
absorbed from this back into the body.

This organ has no function in humans but it helps with digestion of plant
material in herbivores such as sheep. It sometimes becomes infected in
humans and then it must be removed.

The dried out waste food material is stored here until it is ready to be
passed out of the body through the anus.

Organs.
liver small intestine gullet pancreas stomach large intestine appendix
mouth rectum.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.8. Blood. Name ………………………………………

The blood transports (carries) substances around the body. The table
below shows what the blood is made of and what each part does.

Part of blood What it does

PLASMA This is a pale yellow liquid in which the blood cells float.
It carries:
• waste carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs;
• dissolved food to the cells;
• waste urea from the liver to the kidneys;
• hormones from one part of the body to another.

RED CELLS
They do not have a nucleus and there are lots of them.
They carry oxygen from the lungs to the cells.

WHITE CELLS
They do have a nucleus.
They fight against germs that enter the blood.

PLATELETS
These are small pieces of cells.
They do not have a nucleus.
They help blood to clot if the skin is cut.

Exercise - Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

Blood is made of a pale yellow liquid called .................... and two different
types of blood cell, white blood cells and ................. blood cells. Most of
the chemicals in the blood are ......................... in the plasma. .................... is
carried by the red blood cells. The white blood cells help to destroy any
.................... (bacteria and viruses) which may enter the body. There are
also tiny pieces of cells in the blood called .......................... These help to
clot the blood if the skin is .................. If we could not make .................... we
would be in danger of bleeding to death from even the smallest of cuts.

plasma cut scabs red dissolved germs oxygen platelets

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.9. The blood system. Name ………………………………………

The heart pumps the blood around the body. It travels inside tubes
called blood vessels. Look at the diagram below and then try to complete
the sentences at the bottom of this page.

Lungs

Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein

Heart

Main vein Main artery

Body

Exercise - Complete the sentences below.

1) The blood travels around the body inside tubes called blood ………………..
2) The three types of blood vessel are arteries, ……………….. and capillaries.
3) The heart is a ……………….. that squeezes blood into the arteries.
4) The veins carry the blood back to the ………………..
5) The capillaries have very thin ………………..
6) The capillaries give useful chemicals to the body ………………..
7) The capillaries take ……………….. chemicals away from the body cells.

vessels pump heart waste veins walls cells

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.10. Moving the body. Name ………………………………………

In order to move the skeleton has JOINTS in between many of its parts.
The movements are made by muscles which pull on the bones. Muscles
CONTRACT (shorten) in order to pull. A muscle is made up of many thin
fibres. Each fibre shortens when the muscle contracts.
Tendon Fibre
s

Relaxed muscle Contracted muscle

Muscle fibres are resting Each muscle fibre has
and appear long and thin. shortened and thickened.

A muscle cannot push, it can only pull. This is why a pair of muscles are
needed at a joint. One muscle pulls the joint in one direction and the
other pulls the joint back.

Lowering arm Raising arm

Biceps muscle Biceps muscle
relaxes contracts

radius humerus

Triceps muscle
Triceps muscle
contracts
ulna relaxes

Exercise - Complete the sentences below.

1) A muscle is made up of many thin strands called ………………..

2) When a muscle contracts each fibre ………………..
3) Muscles are attached to bones by tough cords called ………………..
4) Muscles can only pull they cannot ………………..
5) Muscles work in ……………….. to move a joint in both directions.
6) If we wish to lift a weight our ……………….. contracts.
7) To lower the arm the biceps relaxes and the ……………….. contracts.

triceps shortens biceps fibres tendons push pairs

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.11. Growing up. Name ………………………………………

Puberty is the time when a child begins to change into an adult. In boys it begins
between the ages of about 12-14 years. In girls it begins between the ages of about
11-13 years. Special chemicals called SEX HORMONES are released into the blood.
These chemicals cause many of the changes that happen in the body. Emotional
changes also happen at this time.

Changes in boys at puberty Changes in girls at puberty

1) The testes begin to make sperms. 1) The ovaries begin to produce ova.
2) A hormone called TESTOSTERONE is 2) A hormone called OESTROGEN is
produced by the testes. produced by the ovaries.
3) The voice becomes deeper. 3) The monthly menstrual cycle starts.
4) Hair grows on the face and body. 4) Hair grows on parts of the body.
5) The body becomes more muscular. 5) The hips widen.
6) Changes in attitude and behaviour. 6) The breasts begin to develop.

Exercise 1 - Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

All ……………………… eventually grow up to be men and women. The time when
the body is changing is called ……………………… Changes happen all over the
……………………… Emotional changes also happen at puberty and we feel
………………………… to the opposite sex. A ……………………… called testosterone is
made by the testes in a boy and this causes some of the ……………………… in
his body. In a girl the ovaries make a hormone called ……………………………
which causes many of the changes in her body.

body changes oestrogen hormone puberty children attracted

Exercise 2 - In the table below there is a list of changes which happen at puberty. Tick
the right hand columns to show which changes happen to boys, girls or both.

Changes at puberty Boys Girls

The breasts grow larger.
The body becomes more muscular.
The monthly periods start.
The voice becomes deeper.
Hair grows around the sex organs.
The hair and skin become more greasy.
Sperms are produced.
Ova are produced.
Feel attracted to the opposite sex.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
W.S.12. The human reproductive system. Name ………………………………

The diagrams below show the male and female reproductive systems.

The male reproductive system

glands

sperm duct
urethra

epididymis
testis

scrotum

penis

The female reproductive system

oviduct
funnel
(fallopian tube)

ovary
developing ovum
uterus (womb)
uterus wall

vagina

Exercise - fill in the missing words in the passage below.

In the man the testes make the ……………… cells. The sperms are stored in a
coiled …………… called the epididymis. The ………………… becomes erect during
sexual intercourse. The sperms are carried through a long tube called the
sperm …………… to the top of the penis. Here glands make fluids that help
the sperms to …………… The urethra is a tube that carries sperms and
……………… out of the body.
In the woman the ovaries make the ……………… (egg cells). One ovum is
produced every ……………… The ovum is carried along the ……………… (fallopian
tubes) down to the uterus (womb). The placenta grows in the uterus wall
during pregnancy. This gives the developing baby ……………… and oxygen.

duct urine ova food sperm tube month swim oviducts penis
KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.13. The menstrual cycle. Name ………………………………………

Once every month a woman’s body releases an ovum (egg cell) into the
oviduct (fallopian tubes). Usually the ovum is not fertilised and it dies.
The woman has her period when the lining of the uterus breaks down and
blood and dead cells pass out through the vagina. The diagram below
shows what happens during a woman’s monthly cycle.
2
During the week after
ovulation the lining of the
uterus becomes thicker as
many blood capillaries grow in
it. This prepares the uterus to
feed the fertilised ovum.

1 3
During the first 2 weeks the ovum If the ovum is not fertilised the thick
develops inside the ovary and the uterus lining breaks down about 14 days
uterus lining repairs itself. On about after ovulation. Blood and dead cells pass
day 14 OVULATION happens. out through the vagina.

Exercise - Complete the sentences below.

1) Only one ovum is released every _ _ _ _ _

2) The release of an ovum from the ovary is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3) Ovulation happens after about ____ days.

4) The uterus lining _ _ _ _ _ the fertilised ovum.

5) If the ovum is not fertilised it will _ _ _

6) A woman has her period when the _ _ _ _ _ _ lining breaks down.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.14. Ovulation and fertilisation. Name ………………………………………

Every month an ovum (egg cell) is released from an ovary into the oviduct.
This is called OVULATION. If there are sperm cells in the oviduct the
ovum may join with one of them. This is called FERTILISATION. The
fertilised ovum then travels down to the uterus where it grows into a
baby. The diagram below shows what happens to the ovum after it is
released from the ovary if it is fertilised.

oviduct 2 FERTILISATION 3 CELL DIVISION

Sperms swim up
1 the oviducts.
OVULATION

ovary
4 The egg divides further
into a ball of cells and
implants into the lining of
Developing ova. the uterus.

Muscular outer wall Glands and blood vessels

of the uterus. line the wall of the uterus.

Exercise – Complete the sentences below.

1) O _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ means when the ovum is released from the ovary.

2) The joining of the ovum and sperm is called F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3) Fertilisation usually happens in the O _ _ _ _ _ _

4) After fertilisation the egg begins to D _ _ _ _ _

5) The egg develops into a ball of C _ _ _ _

6) The baby develops in the U _ _ _ _ _

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.15. The developing baby. Name ………………………………………

When the baby starts to grow inside the uterus it is called an EMBRYO.
By the time it reaches 9 weeks old it looks like a tiny human being and it
is then called a FOETUS. The PLACENTA is a special organ that develops
in the wall of the uterus. It gives the baby food and oxygen. The placenta
also removes waste chemicals such as carbon dioxide and urea from the
baby. The baby is attached to the placenta by the UMBILICAL CORD.
This contains blood vessels that carry chemicals to and from the baby.
The diagram below shows how this happens.
Mother’s blood carrying
food and oxygen. umbilical cord Foetal blood is carrying
waste chemicals. It
needs food and oxygen.

placenta
amnion
uterus lining

foetal blood vessels Foetal blood has lost

waste chemicals and has
picked up food and oxygen.

Food and oxygen has been

taken out and waste added.

Exercise – Complete the sentences below.

1) When the baby reaches 9 weeks old it is called a _ _ _ _ _ _

2) The baby is surrounded by a bag of fluid called the _ _ _ _ _ _

3) The amnion _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the baby if the mother is knocked.

4) The placenta gives the baby food and _ _ _ _ _ _

5) The palcenta takes _ _ _ _ _ chemicals away from the baby.

6) The U _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ C _ _ _ attaches the baby to the placenta.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.16. Breathing (1). Name ………………………………………

Our lungs absorb oxygen from the air. They also excrete waste carbon
dioxide gas when we breathe out. The diagram below shows the structure
of the lungs.

Rings of cartilage larynx (voice box)

keep trachea open.
trachea (wind pipe)

right bronchus

alveoli
left lung
(air sacs)

bronchiole

Blood carrying waste Carbon dioxide has

carbon dioxide enters passed into the alveolus.
the lungs and flows Blood leaving the lungs
around the alveolus. contains oxygen.

Blood capillary A single alveolus

(air sac)

Exercise - Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

The lungs absorb …………………… gas and excrete waste carbon dioxide. The
air is drawn in through the …………………… (windpipe) which is kept open at
all times by rings of a bony material called ………………………… The trachea
divides into the right and left ……………………… which branch out into
narrower tubes called bronchioles. The bronchioles end in tiny air sacs
called …………………… The alveoli have very thin walls and are surrounded by
……………………… Here oxygen is absorbed into the …………………… and carbon
dioxide passes into the alveoli.

trachea oxygen capillaries cartilage bronchus alveoli blood

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.17. Breathing (2). Name ………………………………………

The lungs are in the chest. They are separated from the lower part of
the body by a sheet of muscle called the diaphragm. The diagrams below
show how we inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out).
Air is drawn
into the lungs.
Inhaling (breathing in).
ribs

Muscles between the ribs

INCREASE IN VOLUME
contract to pull the rib
CAUSES A DECREASE IN
cage upwards and outwards.
PRESSURE

The diaphragm contracts

and it pulls downwards.

Air is forced out

of the lungs.
Exhaling (breathing out).

DECREASE IN VOLUME The muscles relax

CAUSES AN INCREASE
which causes the
IN PRESSURE
rib cage to fall.

The diaphragm relaxes

and it bulges upwards.

Exercise - Complete the sentences below.

1) The diaphragm is a sheet of M _ _ _ _ _

2) The word I _ _ _ _ _ means to breathe in.

3) The word E _ _ _ _ _ means to breathe out.

4) The diaphragm and rib muscles both C _ _ _ _ _ _ _ during inhaling.

5) The V _ _ _ _ _ of the chest increases when we inhale.

6) Air is drawn into the lungs due to a D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in pressure.

7) The diaphragm and rib muscles both R _ _ _ _ during exhaling.

8) Air is forced out of the lungs due to an I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in pressure.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
W.S.18. Keeping the lungs clean. Name ………………………………………

Your nose, trachea (wind pipe) and the air tubes inside the lungs are lined
with special cleaning cells and a thick, sticky liquid called MUCUS. This
traps dirt and germs in the air you breathe. The cleaning cells have tiny
hairs called CILIA on their surface. These hairs waft the dirty mucus up
to your throat where it is swallowed. Any germs are killed by the acid in
the stomach. The diagram below shows how this cleaning system works.
Magnified section of trachea. Flow of mucus and
trapped germs.

ciliated cell

mucus cell
dirty mucus

cilia

lungs
The effects of smoking on the lungs.
Cigarette smoke stops the cilia beating and then dirty mucus builds up in
the air tubes. This can lead to chest infections and people who smoke
often develop a nasty cough. The air tubes can become swollen and sore.
This is called BRONCHITIS. Cigarette smoke also contains a poisonous
gas called carbon monoxide which stops the blood carrying as much
oxygen around the body. Cigarette smoke also contains tar which collects
in the lungs. Tar contains many chemicals that cause cancer.

Exercise - Complete the sentences below.

1) Dirt and germs in the air you breathe are trapped by M _ _ _ _

2) Ciliated cells have tiny H _ _ _ _ to waft up the dirty mucus.

3) Any germs that are swallowed are killed by the A _ _ _ in the stomach.

4) Cigarette smoke stops the cilia B _ _ _ _ _ _

5) A smoker may have less O _ _ _ _ _ in their blood.

6) Tar from cigarette smoke causes C _ _ _ _ _

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.19. Respiration. Name ………………………………………

We need energy for movement, warmth and to keep all of the body parts
working. We get our energy by reacting glucose and oxygen together in
our cells. This chemical reaction is called RESPIRATION and it can be
shown with a word equation.

FOOD + OXYGEN ENERGY + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE

Respiration is similar to burning food but it releases the energy much

more slowly inside our cells.

Exercise 1 - Complete the missing labels on the diagram below.

Energy
Food

Exercise 2 - Complete the sentences below.

1) Respiration produces useful _ _ _ _ _ _ in the cells.

2) We need energy to _ _ _ _ and to keep warm.

3) The main food substance that is used in respiration is _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a similar process to respiration but it happens much

more quickly.

5) The waste gas produced by respiration is C _ _ _ _ _ D _ _ _ _ _ _

6) We get rid of carbon dioxide by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it out.

7) If plants did not make _ _ _ _ _ _ gas we would soon use it all up.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.20. Drugs and health. Name ………………………………………

Drugs affect the way the body works. Some drugs are used by doctors to treat sick
people. These can be very useful but they must be taken in the correct amounts. It is
illegal (against the law) to take certain drugs because they are so dangerous to
health. Even legal drugs such as alcohol can be very harmful if too much is taken.
Some drugs are ADDICTIVE. This means that a person can become dependent on
them and if they do not have the drug they may develop WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
such as shaking and sickness. The table below gives information about the effects of
various drugs on health.

Type of drug How it affects the body

Alcohol slows down the speed at which the brain and nervous system
works. A little alcohol makes people feel happy and relaxed. More alcohol
makes a person feel dizzy and affects their judgement. Large amounts
Alcohol
may make a person unconscious and they may even die. An alcoholic is a
person who is addicted to alcohol. Heavy drinking over several years
causes damage to the brain, liver, and heart.
Tobacco smoke is very poisonous. A person can become addicted to
smoking because of a chemical called nicotine in the smoke. Smoking
Tobacco
causes cancers, heart disease, bronchitis, and damaged lungs. Smoking
also makes a person short of breath and more tense.
Cannabis or ‘pot’ causes hallucinations. This is when a person thinks that
Cannabis they are seeing or hearing something that does not exist. They can then
become confused and do dangerous things and may have a fatal accident.

Some people like to breathe in the fumes from substances such as glue
and paint (glue sniffing). This makes them feel dizzy and they may have
Solvents hallucinations. The fumes get into the blood and damage the heart. Many
people have died as a result of breathing in solvents.

Exercise – Fill in the missing words in the passage below.

An ......................... is a person who has become dependent on a certain

drug. It is very dangerous to drink alcohol and then drive because the
........................ are slowed down. An ........................ is a person who is
addicted to alcohol. They may damage their brain, ..................... and heart.
People who smoke are usually more tense and ......................... as a result of
the nicotine in their blood. The risk of developing ........................ cancer is
much greater in smokers. Drugs such as cannabis make a person
............................... This can make them behave ............................... The fumes
from ......................... may damage the heart and even cause death.

hallucinate addict reactions liver lung nervous dangerously solvents

alcoholic

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.21. Germs and health. Name ………………………………………

Germs are MICROBES that can live inside our bodies. The two main types
of germ are BACTERIA and VIRUSES. Only some types of bacteria are
germs. They cause us harm by attacking our cells or by producing waste
poisonous chemicals. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and they
can only exist inside living cells. A virus injects its DNA (instructions)
into a cell. The virus DNA tells the cell to make more viruses. The cell
then bursts open to release the new viruses.
A typical bacterium Types of bacteria

Some have a slimy coating COCCI (round)

e.g. cause sore throat.
simple nucleus

cell wall

cell membrane BACILLI (rod)

cytoplasm e.g. cause typhoid.

Some have hairs for movement

A typical virus
outer coat

DNA (instructions) is injected

into the cell it is attacking.

Feet attach to a cell

Exercise – Complete the sentences below.

1) Germs are microbes that live _ _ _ _ _ _ our bodies.

2) Bacteria and viruses are too _ _ _ _ _ to see.

3) Bacteria may cause disease by attacking body _ _ _ _ _

4) Bacteria may produce _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ waste chemicals.

5) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are much smaller than bacteria.

6) Viruses can only live and multiply inside _ _ _ _ _ _ cells.

7) A virus injects its _ _ _ into the cell it is attacking.

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.
 W.S.22. Fighting germs. Name ………………………………………

There are huge numbers of microbes in the air, soil and water. Some of
these are germs. Therefore our bodies need a defence system. The skin
helps to stop germs entering the body. The breathing system is lined
with a sticky liquid called mucus which traps the dirt and germs that we
breathe in. Tiny hairs called CILIA gradually waft the dirty mucus up to
the throat where it is swallowed. The germs are then killed by
hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Germs sometimes get into the
bloodstream through wounds. If this happens white blood cells attack
them. The diagrams below show how they do this.

Phagocyte Lymphocyte The lymphocte sends

out chemicals called
ANTIBODIES to
destroy bacteria.

Bacteria are taken

in and digested.
nucleus nucleus

Exercise - Complete the missing words in the passage below.

Most microbes are ............................ but some are germs that can live
inside our bodies. The body needs to ......................... itself from invading
germs. The ......................... forms a barrier that stops germs getting into
the body. Any germs that are ............................ in are trapped by sticky
mucus in the nose, ......................... and lungs. Eventually dirty mucus is
............................ and the hydrochloric acid inside the ..........................
destroys the germs. The two types of white blood cell that kill germs are
............................... and lymphocytes. Phagocytes .................. germs and
lymphocytes make ...............................

A ......................... contains dead or harmless germs. It allows antibodies to

build up in the body. ......................... are chemicals that can also be used to
help us fight germs.

defend phagocytes medicines harmless skin antibodies

eat breathed trachea vaccine stomach swallowed

KS3 Science Revision Worksheets Special Edition  P. Hill, Beaver Educational Resources 2000. Registered to Fitzalan High School. CF11 8XB.