PLANNING
AND DESIGN
PROCESS
by Rayhan G. Rangiris
Junnaz P. Balacuit
• BACKGROUND
• DESIGN CRITERIA
• RISK ANALYSIS AND
PROJECT OPTIMIZATION
a. INTRODUCTION
– Comprehensive description of definitions
and procedures needed in the planning
and designing process.
– Sufficient engineering guidance to
accomplish the level of detail necessary to
produce an acceptable finished product.
– Reconnaissance and feasibility studies of
USACE is applicable to all other
planning and designing efforts because
the process is generic.
b. THE PLANNING PROCESS
a. The solution to coastal engineering
problems begins with understanding the roles
of the engineer as a planner and designer.
a. Planning process begins with questions:
“What is the problem?” and “What exactly is
the project trying to accomplish?”
b. An interdisciplinary team approach is
recommended in planning to ensure the
involvement of physical, natural and social
sciences personnel.
b. THE PLANNING PROCESS
d. Interested and affected agencies, groups
and individuals should be provided
opportunities to participate.
e. The more detailed the engineer can make
the statement, the more likely a solution can
be found which will satisfy all numerous
stakeholders.
f. USACE levels of planning: (1)
Reconnaissance level of study and (2)
Feasibility level of study.
b. THE PLANNING PROCESS
g. Under present laws & regulations, a
reconnaissance level study is funded by
Federal Government.
h. The two studies differ in their level of detail.
i. If coastal project is planned and designed
not by USACE, Federal and state
permits are required before construction.
j. Investigation is necessary to determine that
the engineering, economic, environmental
conditions and constraints can be resolved
satisfactorily.
c. SIX MAJOR PLANNING STEPS
a. Specify problems and
opportunities
b. Inventory and forecast
conditions if no action is taken.
c. Formulate alternative plans.
d. Evaluate effects.
e. Compare alternative plans.
f. Select a plan.
d. PLANNING Coordination REQUIREMENTS
FEDERAL LAWS IN USA PHILIPPINE LAWS
• National Environmental Policy • Philippine Environment Code
Act (NEPA) of 1970 of 1977
• Fish and Wildlife Coordination • Local Government Code of
Act of 1958 1991
• Coastal Zone Management • Indigenous People’s Rights Act
Act of 1972 of 1997
• Clean Water Act of 1977 • Philippine Fisheries Code of
• National Historic Preservation 1998
Act of 1966 • Philippine Clean Water Act of
• Coastal Barrier Resources 2004
Act of 1982
e. CRITERIA DEVELOPMENT
• The criteria needed to be
established are those that must
be used to determine at each
step of the process whether the
objectives of that step are met.
f. THE DESIGN PROCESS
1. FINAL DESIGN
– All of the objectives are met.
2. PLANS AND
SPECIFICATIONS
– incorporate any restrictions or
other constraints on the
contractor, spell out the
accuracy and tolerances
appropriate to the job.
g. CONSTRUCTION AND MONITORING
1. Construction
– The work to be accomplished
must be capable of
construction.
2. Post-construction and Monitoring
– Monitoring for conformance of
construction to the design
– Monitoring for the evaluation of
performance of the project
h. GENERIC DESIGN CHART
A. Clearly define project problem statement,
including project objective.
B. Quantify existing and future conditions w/o
project.
C. Identify and analyze alternatives.
D. Select alternative.
E. Develop and test functional design.
F. Develop and test structural design.
G. Check for constructability, operation and
maintenance and life-cycle costs.
H. Select final plan, and prepare plans and
specifications.
I. Construct Project.
J. Monitor and evaluate project performance.
h. GENERIC DESIGN CHART
A. Clearly define project problem statement,
including project objective.
B. Quantify existing and future conditions w/o
project.
C. Identify and analyze alternatives.
D. Select alternative.
E. Develop and test functional design.
F. Develop and test structural design.
G. Check for constructability, operation and
maintenance and life-cycle costs.
H. Select final plan, and prepare plans and
specifications.
I. Construct Project.
J. Monitor and evaluate project performance.
h. GENERIC DESIGN CHART
A. Clearly define project problem statement,
including project objective.
B. Quantify existing and future conditions w/o
project.
C. Identify and analyze alternatives.
D. Select alternative.
E. Develop and test functional design.
F. Develop and test structural design.
G. Check for constructability, operation and
maintenance and life-cycle costs.
H. Select final plan, and prepare plans and
specifications.
I. Construct Project.
J. Monitor and evaluate project performance.
THANK
YOU
