What is Cloud Computing

The term cloud refers to a network or the internet. It is a technology that uses remote
servers on the internet to store, manage, and access data online rather than local drives.
The data can be anything such as files, images, documents, audio, video, and more.

There are the following operations that we can do using cloud computing:

19.2M
431
How to find Nth Highest Salary in SQL

o Developing new applications and services

o Storage, back up, and recovery of data
o Hosting blogs and websites
o Delivery of software on demand
o Analysis of data
o Streaming videos and audios

Why Cloud Computing?

Small as well as large IT companies, follow the traditional methods to provide the IT
infrastructure. That means for any IT company, we need a Server Room that is the
basic need of IT companies.

In that server room, there should be a database server, mail server, networking, firewalls,
routers, modem, switches, QPS (Query Per Second means how much queries or load will
be handled by the server), configurable system, high net speed, and the maintenance
engineers.

To establish such IT infrastructure, we need to spend lots of money. To overcome all

these problems and to reduce the IT infrastructure cost, Cloud Computing comes into
existence.
Characteristics of Cloud Computing
The characteristics of cloud computing are given below:

1) Agility

The cloud works in a distributed computing environment. It shares resources among

users and works very fast.

2) High availability and reliability

The availability of servers is high and more reliable because the chances of
infrastructure failure are minimum.

3) High Scalability

Cloud offers "on-demand" provisioning of resources on a large scale, without having

engineers for peak loads.

4) Multi-Sharing
With the help of cloud computing, multiple users and applications can work more
efficiently with cost reductions by sharing common infrastructure.

5) Device and Location Independence

Cloud computing enables the users to access systems using a web browser regardless of
their location or what device they use e.g. PC, mobile phone, etc. As infrastructure is
off-site (typically provided by a third-party) and accessed via the Internet, users can
connect from anywhere.

6) Maintenance

Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, since they do not need to be

installed on each user's computer and can be accessed from different places. So, it
reduces the cost also.

7) Low Cost

By using cloud computing, the cost will be reduced because to take the services of cloud
computing, IT company need not to set its own infrastructure and pay-as-per usage
of resources.

8) Services in the pay-per-use mode

Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are provided to the users so that they can
access services on the cloud by using these APIs and pay the charges as per the
usage of services.

Prerequisite
Before learning cloud computing, you must have the basic knowledge of computer
fundamentals.

Audience
Our cloud computing is designed to help beginners and professionals.

Problem
We assure that you will not find any difficulty while learning our cloud computing
tutorial. But if there is any mistake in this tutorial, kindly post the problem or error in the
contact form.

Types of Cloud
There are the following 4 types of cloud that you can deploy according to the
organization's needs-

o Public Cloud
o Private Cloud
o Hybrid Cloud
o Community Cloud

Public Cloud
Public cloud is open to all to store and access information via the Internet using the
pay-per-usage method.
In public cloud, computing resources are managed and operated by the Cloud Service
Provider (CSP).

Example: Amazon elastic compute cloud (EC2), IBM SmartCloud Enterprise, Microsoft,
Google App Engine, Windows Azure Services Platform.

22.7M

524

Features of Java - Javatpoint

Advantages of Public Cloud

There are the following advantages of Public Cloud -

o Public cloud is owned at a lower cost than the private and hybrid cloud.
o Public cloud is maintained by the cloud service provider, so do not need to worry about
the maintenance.
o Public cloud is easier to integrate. Hence it offers a better flexibility approach to
consumers.
o Public cloud is location independent because its services are delivered through the
internet.
o Public cloud is highly scalable as per the requirement of computing resources.
 o It is accessible by the general public, so there is no limit to the number of users.

Disadvantages of Public Cloud

o Public Cloud is less secure because resources are shared publicly.
o Performance depends upon the high-speed internet network link to the cloud provider.
o The Client has no control of data.

Private Cloud
Private cloud is also known as an internal cloud or corporate cloud. It is used by
organizations to build and manage their own data centers internally or by the third
party. It can be deployed using Opensource tools such as Openstack and Eucalyptus.

Based on the location and management, National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) divide private cloud into the following two parts-

o On-premise private cloud

o Outsourced private cloud
Advantages of Private Cloud
There are the following advantages of the Private Cloud -

o Private cloud provides a high level of security and privacy to the users.
o Private cloud offers better performance with improved speed and space capacity.
o It allows the IT team to quickly allocate and deliver on-demand IT resources.
o The organization has full control over the cloud because it is managed by the
organization itself. So, there is no need for the organization to depends on anybody.
o It is suitable for organizations that require a separate cloud for their personal use and
data security is the first priority.

Disadvantages of Private Cloud

o Skilled people are required to manage and operate cloud services.
o Private cloud is accessible within the organization, so the area of operations is limited.
 o Private cloud is not suitable for organizations that have a high user base, and
organizations that do not have the prebuilt infrastructure, sufficient manpower to
maintain and manage the cloud.

Hybrid Cloud
Hybrid Cloud is a combination of the public cloud and the private cloud. we can say:

Hybrid Cloud = Public Cloud + Private Cloud

Hybrid cloud is partially secure because the services which are running on the public
cloud can be accessed by anyone, while the services which are running on a private
cloud can be accessed only by the organization's users.

Example: Google Application Suite (Gmail, Google Apps, and Google Drive), Office 365
(MS Office on the Web and One Drive), Amazon Web Services.

Advantages of Hybrid Cloud

There are the following advantages of Hybrid Cloud -
 o Hybrid cloud is suitable for organizations that require more security than the public
cloud.
o Hybrid cloud helps you to deliver new products and services more quickly.
o Hybrid cloud provides an excellent way to reduce the risk.
o Hybrid cloud offers flexible resources because of the public cloud and secure resources
because of the private cloud.

Disadvantages of Hybrid Cloud

o In Hybrid Cloud, security feature is not as good as the private cloud.
o Managing a hybrid cloud is complex because it is difficult to manage more than one type
of deployment model.
o In the hybrid cloud, the reliability of the services depends on cloud service providers.

Community Cloud
Community cloud allows systems and services to be accessible by a group of several
organizations to share the information between the organization and a specific
community. It is owned, managed, and operated by one or more organizations in the
community, a third party, or a combination of them.

Example: Health Care community cloud

Advantages of Community Cloud
There are the following advantages of Community Cloud -

o Community cloud is cost-effective because the whole cloud is being shared by several
organizations or communities.
o Community cloud is suitable for organizations that want to have a collaborative cloud
with more security features than the public cloud.
o It provides better security than the public cloud.
o It provdes collaborative and distributive environment.
o Community cloud allows us to share cloud resources, infrastructure, and other
capabilities among various organizations.

Disadvantages of Community Cloud

o Community cloud is not a good choice for every organization.
o Security features are not as good as the private cloud.
o It is not suitable if there is no collaboration.
o The fixed amount of data storage and bandwidth is shared among all community
members.
 Cloud Service Models
There are the following three types of cloud service models -

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is a computing infrastructure
managed over the internet. The main advantage of using IaaS is that it helps users to
avoid the cost and complexity of purchasing and managing the physical servers.

Characteristics of IaaS
There are the following characteristics of IaaS -
 o Resources are available as a service
o Services are highly scalable
o Dynamic and flexible
o GUI and API-based access
o Automated administrative tasks

Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google
Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and Cisco Metacloud.

Difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test, run, and
manage the applications.

Characteristics of PaaS
There are the following characteristics of PaaS -
 o Accessible to various users via the same development application.
o Integrates with web services and databases.
o Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or down as per
the organization's need.
o Support multiple languages and frameworks.
o Provides an ability to "Auto-scale".

Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google App
Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the applications
are hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these applications with the help
of internet connection and web browser.

Characteristics of SaaS
There are the following characteristics of SaaS -

o Managed from a central location

o Hosted on a remote server
o Accessible over the internet
o Users are not responsible for hardware and software updates. Updates are applied
automatically.
o The services are purchased on the pay-as-per-use basis

Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, ZenDesk, Cisco WebEx,

ZenDesk, Slack, and GoToMeeting.

Difference between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS

The below table shows the difference between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS -

IaaS Paas SaaS

It provides a virtual data center to It provides virtual platforms and It provides web software and
store information and create platforms tools to create, test, and deploy apps to complete business
for app development, testing, and apps. tasks.
deployment.

It provides access to resources such as It provides runtime environments It provides software as a service
virtual machines, virtual storage, etc. and deployment tools for to the end-users.
applications.

It is used by network architects. It is used by developers. It is used by end users.

IaaS provides only Infrastructure. PaaS provides SaaS provides

Infrastructure+Platform. Infrastructure+Platform
+Software.

Presented by : Rao Zulqurnain Ali