Singapore Mathematical Society

Singapore Mathematical Olympiad (SMO) 2005 (Senior Section)

Tuesday, 31 May 2005

0930-1200

Important:

AnsweT ALL 35 questions.

Enter YOUT tuisuiers on the ansuier sheet provided.

FOT the multiple choice questions, enter YOUT ansuiers in the ansuier sheet by shading the bubbles containing the letters (A, B, C, D OT E) corresponduiq to the COTTect ansuiers. FOT the other short questions, un-ite YOUT ansuiers in ansuier sheet and shade the appropriaie bubbles below YOUT ansioers.

No steps are needed to justify YOUT omsioers. Each question carries 1 mark.

No calculators are allowed.

1. What is the smallest positive prime factor of the integer 20052007 + 200720057

(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 2 (D) 11 (E) 3

2. What is the value of

20052 + 2 x 2005 x 1995 + 19952 ?

800 .

(A) 20000 (B) 2000 (C) 200000 (D) 2000000 (E) None of the above

3. Let p be a real number such that the equation 2y2 - 8y = p has only one solution.

Then

(A) p < 8 (B) p = 8 (C) p> -8 (D) p =

(E) p < -8

4. What is the sum of the last two digits of the integer I! + 2! + 3! + ... + 200.5!7

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 7

.5. 500220051ogso()22005 is equal to

(A) 1 (B) 20052005 (C) 50022005 (D) 20055002 (E) 50025002

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6. In the diagram, P, Q and R are three points on the circle whose centre is O.

The lines PO and QR are produced to meet at S. Suppose that RS = OP, and !_PSQ = 12° and !_POQ = x": Find the value of x.

(A) 36 (B) 42 (C) 48 (D) 54 (E) 60

7. Let x and y be positive real numbers. What is the smallest possible value of

16 108

- +- +xy?

x y

(A) 16 (B) 18 (C) 24 (D) 30 (E) 36

2x -1

8. In the Cartesian plane, the graph of the function y = is reflected about the

x-I

line y = -x. What is the equation for the graph of the image of the reflection?

x-I x-I (C) = 2x - 1 x + 1

(A) (B) (D) y = --

y = 2x + 1 y = x + 2 y x + 1 x - 2

-1- x

(E) y= _-

2+x

9. Simplify 2 (1 + 1 + (."~;, 1 ) 2) , where x is any positive real number.

x

(C)

(D) x2 + 1

(E)

(B)

10. Let x and y be real numbers such that

x2 + y2 = 2x - 2y + 2.

What is the largest possible value of x2 + y2?

(A) 10 + 8V2 (B) 8 + 6V2 (C) 6 + 4V2 (D) 4 + 2V2 (E) None of the above

12

f

11. Find the greatest integer less than (2 + )3)4.

12. 6ABC is a triangle such that LC = 90°. Suppose AC = 156 ern, AB = 169 cm and the perpendicular distance from C to AB is x cm. Find the value of x.

13. Find the sum of all the real numbers x that satisfy the equation

14. Three positive integers are such that they differ from each other by at most 6. It is also known that the product of these three integers is 2808. What is the smallest integer among them?

S' lif 20052(20042 - 2003) 20032(20042 + 2005)

15. Imp 1 y (20042 _ 1)(20043 + 1) X 20043 _ 1 .

1

16. Consider the function f(x) = J3' Find the value of

3x + 3

J3[f( -5)+ f( -4)+ f( -3)+ f( -2)+ f( -1)+ f(O)+ f(l)+ f(2)+ f(3)+ f( 4)+ f(5)+ f(6)J.

17. Let A and B be two positive four-digit integers such that A x B = 165 + 210. Find the value of A + B.

18. A triangle 6ABC is inscribed in a circle of radius 4 cm. Suppose that LA = 60°, AC - AB = 4 cm, and the area of 6ABC is x cm '. Find the value of x2.

19. Let a, band c be real numbers such that

a = 8 - band c2 = ab - 16.

Find the value of a + c.

21. Find the value of the positive integer n if

1 1 1 1

---=c---= + + + ... + = 10.

A+~ ~+~ ~+~ fo+~

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22. Let A and B be two positive prime integers such that

1 1 192

---

A B 20052 - 20042 .

Find the value of B.

23. In f':,ABG, AB : AG = 4 : 3 and M is the midpoint of BG. E is a point on AB and F is a point on AG such that AE : AF = 2 : l. It is also given that E F and AM intersect at G with GF = 72 em and GE = x ern. Find the value of x.

C

M

24. It is given that x = 1J3' Find the value of

2- 3

25. Let a, band c be the lengths of the three sides of a triangle. Suppose a and bare the roots of the equation

and the largest angle of the triangle is x", Find the value of x.

26. Find the largest real number x such that

x2 + x-I + Ix2 - (x - 1)1 250

------'---------'---------'-'- = 35x - .

2

27. How many ways can the word MATHEMATICS be partitioned so that each part contains at least one vowel? For example, MA- THE-MATICS, MATHE-MATICS, MATHEM-A-TICS and MATHEMATICS are such partitions.

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28. Consider a sequence of real numbers {an} defined by

. 1

Fmd the value of -- - 2000000.

a2005

29. For a positive integer k, we write

where ao, aI, ... , ak are the coefficients of the polynomial. Find the smallest possible value of k if ao + al + a2 + ... + ak-l is divisible by 2005.

30. Find the largest positive number x such that

(2x3 - x2 - X + 1)1+ 2x~1 = 1.

31. How many ordered pairs of integers (x, y) satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 2(x + y) + xy?

32. Find the number of ordered 7-tuples of positive integers (al,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7) that have both of the following properties:

(i) an + an+l = an+2 for 1 ::; n ::; 5, and

(ii) a6 = 2005.

33. Let n be a positive integer such that one of the roots of the quadratic equation

4x2 - (4v'3 + 4)x + v'3n - 24 = 0

is an integer. Find the value of n.

34. Consider the simultaneous equations

{ xy + xz = 255 xz - yz = 224.

Find the number of ordered triples of positive integers (x, y, z) that satisfy the above system of equations.

35. Find the total number of positive four-digit integers N satisfying both of the following properties:

(i) N is divisible by 7, and

(ii) when the first and last digits of N are interchanged, the resulting positive integer is also divisible by 7. (Note that the resulting integer need not be a four-digit number.)

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pz

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Singapore Mathematical Society Singapore Mathematical Olympiad (SMO) 2005 (Senior Section, Special Round)

Saturday, 9 July 2005

0930- 1230

Attempt as many questions as you can. No calculators are allowed.

Show the steps in your calculations. Each question carries 9 marks.

1. The digits of a 3-digit number are interchanged so that none of the digits retain their original positions. The difference of the two numbers is a 2-digit number and is a perfect square.

2. Consider the nonconvex quadrilateral ABCD with LC > 180°. Let the side DC extended meet AB at F and the side BC extended meet AD at E. A line intersects the interiors of the sides AB, AD, BC, CD at points K, L, J, I, respectively. Prove that if Df = CF and BJ = CE, then KJ = l l..

3. Let S be a subset of {I, 2, 3, ... , 24} with lSI = 10. Show that S has two 2-element subsets {x, y} and {u, v} such that x + y = u + v.

4. Determine whether there exists a positive integer n such that n! begins with 2005.

Justify your answer.

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