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Electric Potential: Concepts & Problems

Electric potential is defined as the work required to assemble a system of point charges from an infinite distance. It can be calculated using equations that involve the charge, distance, and a proportionality constant. Electric field is the gradient of electric potential - as a test charge moves in the x direction, the rate of change of its potential equals the electric field. Several problems are then solved involving calculating potential and potential energy for arrangements of point charges, as well as work done by electric fields in moving charges between points.

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Eunice Telles
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82 views4 pages

Electric Potential: Concepts & Problems

Electric potential is defined as the work required to assemble a system of point charges from an infinite distance. It can be calculated using equations that involve the charge, distance, and a proportionality constant. Electric field is the gradient of electric potential - as a test charge moves in the x direction, the rate of change of its potential equals the electric field. Several problems are then solved involving calculating potential and potential energy for arrangements of point charges, as well as work done by electric fields in moving charges between points.

Uploaded by

Eunice Telles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

DESCRIBE WHAT ELECTRIC POTENTIAL IS IN AN ELECTRIC SYSTEM


ALONG WITH ITS PHYSICS FORMULAS.

The electric potential energy of a system of point charges is defined as the work


required to assemble this system of charges by bringing them close together, as in
the system from an infinite distance.

The electric potential associated to a position from a single point charge can be
calculated by the following equation:

 
Where:

V= electric potential (volts)

k= proportionality constant (9x109 Nm2/C2)

Q= charge (C)

r= distance from charge q to a given point (m)

To calculate the electric potential due to a collection of point charges, the following
equation is used:

2. EXPLAIN BRIEFLY THE RELATION BETWEEN ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND


ELECTRIC FIELD.  

The relationship between potential and field (E) is a differential: electric field is the


gradient of potential (V) in the x direction. This can be represented as: Ex=−dVdx E x =
− dV dx . Thus, as the test charge is moved in the x direction, the rate of the its change
in potential is the value of the electric field.

3. USE THE PREVIOUS INFORMATION TO SOLVE THE FOLLOWING


PROBLEMS:

a. Find the potential at a point in space located at 0.07m from a


charge -50 x10-6C. Find the potential energy if a charge +4
x10-6C is located at that point. V = -6,428,571.43 & U = -25.71 J

This study source was downloaded by 100000838318461 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2022 19:47:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/89202989/exercise-10pdf/
b. Find the potential energy at the midpoint from a line that joins
charge -15 x10-6C with a charge +13 x10-6C that is located
0.08m from first charge. U = -450000 J

c. A charge +55 x10-9C is 0.08m at left of a charge -16 x10-9C. Find


the potential at a point located 400cm left from charge q=16
x10-9C. V = 8775 volts

This study source was downloaded by 100000838318461 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2022 19:47:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/89202989/exercise-10pdf/
d. Two points, A and B are located 0.07m and 0.03m from a charge
100 x10-6C. Find the potential difference between the two
points. Determine the work done by the electric field when a
charge 15 x10-6C is displaced from point A to point B. P.O. =
-17,742,857.14 V & WAB = -257.14 J

e. Points A and B are at 0.05m and 0.03m from a charge +13


x10-6C respectively. Determine the required work against the
direction of the electric field to displace a charge +15 x10-6C
from point A to point B. WAB = -23.4 J

This study source was downloaded by 100000838318461 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2022 19:47:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/89202989/exercise-10pdf/
f. A charge q1=+8 x10-6C is at the origin (x=0mm), and other
charge q2=-3 x10-6C is at x=60mm. Find the work done by the
electric field if a charge q3=-4 x10-6C is displaced from point
x=15mm to point x=5mm. WAB = -13.00 J

g. Determine the distance between two parallel plates if the


electric field intensity between them is 5V/m and the potential
difference is 127V. d= 25.4 m

This study source was downloaded by 100000838318461 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2022 19:47:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/89202989/exercise-10pdf/
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