REGION I

DIVISION OF PANGASINAN II
MABILAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Fabian

Practical Research in Daily Life 2

First Quarter (Week 2)
All Section
(Subject Teacher – Lalaine P. Morante CP#09201010571)

Name: _______________________________________ Section: _________________ Score: ________

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY (MELC): Differentiate quantitative from

qualitative research and kinds of qualitative research

Pretest
Direction: Read each questions carefully. Choose the best answer.

______1. Mr. Asuncion is currently conducted a research, he is struggling in assigning a respondents on

experimental and its control group, he decided to let Section A as its experimental and Section B as its control
group, what is the research design being employed by Mr. Asuncion?
a. true-experimental b. false-experimental c. solomon four group d. quasi-experimental
______2. How do you differentiate a quasi and true experimental research design?
a. True experimental research design use randomization on other hand quasi experimental does not
b. True experimental use pre-test and posttest while quasi used only posttest
c. True experimental research use control and experimental group while quasi does not
d. Quasi experimental research design use control and experimental group while true experimental
research does not
______3. Which of the following set up of experimental research is more reliable than the other?
a. Experimental research with a control and experimental group having the same pre-test and post-test
b. Experimental research with a pre-test and post-test
c. Experimental research with a control and experimental research with a post-test only
d. Experimental research with a control and experimental research
______4. A single group is exposed to treatment and a dependent variable is observed to assess the effect
of the treatment.
a. case study c. two-shot experiment
b. single-shot study d. one-shot case study
For item 5-10, identify the approach suitable to the different title.
a. Correlational study c. experimental study
b. Descriptive study d. quasi-experimental study
______5.. Academic performance of the learners and the teachers’ competence
______6. Potency of Drug A in treating COVID-19.
______7. Perception of the Grade 11 students in modular learning approach
______8. Section A was assigned as experimental group and Section B was assigned as control group.
______9. Effect of good parenting to behavior of learners
______10.. Impact of computer aided instruction in academic performance of learners.

Types of Quantitative Research

Generally, quantitative researchers are classified into non-experimental and non-experimental as
shown in Figure 1.
1. Non-Experimental Research. This kind of research allows the researcher to either describe a
situation or phenomenon or the relationship between two or more variables without any interference
from the proponent. There are two major kinds of non-experimental research. These are as follows:

Characteristics
1. It is incapable of establishing cause-effect relationships; by itself, it is able, if it takes place in
conjunction with other experimental and quasi-experimental research methods.
2. It involves various ways of data analysis:
a. Primary – analysis of data collected by the researcher himself
b. Secondary – examination of data collected by other people
c. Meta-analysis – analysis of data expressed numerically.
3. It uses research method that applicable to both quantitative and qualitative data.

A. Descriptive Research. It deals with describing the nature, characteristics and components of the
population or a phenomenon. Manipulation of variables or search for cause and effect is not applicable
in relating to the phenomenon. This design attempts to determine the frequency with which it occurs and
to find general attributes of the presently existing situation .

B. Correlational Research. It is primarily concerned with an orderly or systematic investigation of the

nature of relationships, or associations between and among variables without necessarily investigating
into casual reasons underlying them. Furthermore it is also concerned with, the extent of relationships
that exists between or among the variables. For example , if Performance in Mathematics can be used to
predict performance then, the higher the Mathematics grade, the higher most likely be the score in
Practical Research. Correlational research is employed if you like to know , for example, if the
following factors are related to each other: sex and mathematical ability, age and leadership style, and
occupation and life span.

C. Survey Research
Survey research is a method of research that aims at knowing what a big number of people think
and feel about some sociological issues. The data it collects from these people serving as
“representatives or informants” explain or describe the society’s thoughts, attitudes and feelings towards
environmental issues. Although survey research is a very old research technique that began in the period
of the ancient Egyptian rulers, many still consider this as a very popular means of social inquiry.
(Babbie 2013, p. 383)
Purposes of Survey Research
1. To obtain information about people’s opinions and feeling about an issue.
2. To identify present condition, needs or problems of people in a short span of time.
3. To seek answers to social problems.
 4. To give school officials pointers on curricular offerings, guidance and counselling services,
teacher evaluation and so on.
Planning a Survey Research
The research design of a survey research is similar to that of the experimental research, only, that
when it comes to data collection method and instrument, survey research goes through the following
phases:
1. Explanation of objectives clearly
2. Formulation of research questions or hypotheses to predict relationships of variables
3. Determination of the exact kind of data referred to by the hypotheses or research questions.
4. Assurance of the population or group of people to which the findings will be applied to
5. Finalization of the sampling method for selecting the participants
6. Identification of the method or instrument in collecting data; that is, whether it is questionnaire
on paper, through phone, via computer, or face-to-face.

Strengths of Survey Research

Stressing the effectiveness and usefulness of survey research, Schutt (2013) gives the following
pluses of survey research:
1. Versatility. It can tackle any issue affecting society.
2. Efficiency. It is not costly in terms of money and time, assuming there is excellent
communication or postal system.
3. Generality. It can get a good representation or sample of a large group of people.
4. Confidentiality. It is capable of safeguarding the privacy or anonymity of the respondents.

Here are the weak points of survey research appearing in several books about this type of quasi-
experimental research:
1. It cannot provide sufficient evidence about the relationships of variables.
2. It cannot examine the significance of some issues affecting people’s social life.
3. It cannot get data reflecting the effects of the interconnectedness of environmental features on
the research study.
4. It cannot consider man’s naturalistic tendencies as the basis of human behaviour unless his
ways or styles of living are related to his surroundings.
5. It cannot promote interpretive and creative thinking unless its formation of ideas results from
scientific thinking.
6. It cannot have an effective application to all topics for research.
7. It cannot use a questioning or coding method that can accurately register differences among
the participants’ responses.
8. It cannot diffuse the main researcher’s abilities to control and manipulate some factors
affecting the study.
9. It cannot account for real or actual happenings, but can give ideas on respondents’ views,
beliefs, concepts, and emotions.

Research Design of Non-Experimental Research

Any plan you have about a non-experimental research must have the following aspects that take place in
a sequential manner.
1. specify the problem or topic of your research.
2. Formulate the research problem or hypotheses
3. Determine the dependent and independent variables
4. Select the participants or subjects.
5. Decide on the specific type of experimental research; meaning, whether it will be a true
experimental or quasi-experimental research
6. Conduct the experiment
 7. Collect, analyze and interpret the results.

2. Experimental Research. This kind of research is centrally concerned with constructing research that
is high in causal (internal) validity. There are two major kinds of experimental research. These are the
following:
A. True Experimental Research. This kind of research can be identified by three
characteristics: randomly formed groups, manipulation of the treatment (the IV), and comparisons
among groups. The purpose is to test the true cause and effect relationships of variables involve in the
study. According to Prieto, et al., it offers the highest internal validity of all the designs.

B. Quasi-Experimental Research. This kind of research is almost the same as that of True
Experimental Design. The only difference is the absence of random assignment of subjects to other
conditions. Prieto, et al. added that the commonality between the quasi-experimental and true
experimental research is that some subjects receive intervention and provide data likely to reflect its
impact.

The following table shows a summary of the different kinds of quantitative research.

Kinds of Purposes Time Frame Degree ofCode words to Example

Quantitative Control over look for in
Research factors orresearch
precision) articles
Descriptive Describe the current None or low Describe Survey of
characteristics Interview students who
of a certain are interested
phenomenon in sports.
Correlational Examine the Current or past Low or Relationship An
relationships (correlation) medium related to investigation
between Future associated with that focuses on
variables (prediction) predics the relationship
between the
number of
hours of
television
watching and
grade-point
average
True To test for true Current High Function of The effect of
experimental cause-and- cause preschool
effect comparison language
relationships between effects program on the
of language skills
of inner-city
children
Quasi- Use in estimate Current Medium-high Function of The effect of
experimental the causal Cause reading
impact of an Comparison programs to
intervention on Between students’
its target effects of comprehension
population
without
random
 assignment

Worksheet #1

Directions: Fill the boxes with the appropriate letter to identify what is being offered in each number.
Choose your answer from the word bank below.

1. It means there is a predictor variable or group of subjects

that cannot be manipulated by the experimenter.

2. It is guided specifically by a hypothesis.

3.
It uses interviews, questionnaires, and sampling polls to get
a sense of behavior with intense precision.

It is done to establish what the effect one on the other

4. might be and how that affects the relationship.

5. It is oftentimes as a survey or a normative approach to

study prevailing conditions

It examine patterns of similarities and differences across a

6. moderate number of cases.

It is a quasi-experimental study examining how an

independent variable, present prior to the study, affects a
7.
dependent variable.

8. Design involves selecting groups, upon which a variable is

tested without any random pre-selection process.

A type of experiment is a type of experimental design and

9. is thought to be the most accurate type of experimental
research.

Worksheet #2
Directions: Complete the graphic organizer by filling the blank box.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Non-experimental Experimental
Research Research

Quasi-
survey experimental

Determine the
relationship of 2 or
more variable

descriptive

It must contain the 3 criteria such as

comparative control and experimental group,
manipulated variable and random
assignment

Attempt to say this

Ex-post facto independent variable is
causing changes in a
dependent variable

Worksheet #3
Directions: Fill the boxes with appropriate word/s using the clues given below.

Posttest

Directions: Read each questions carefully. Choose the best answer write your answer on the space
provided before.

______1. Mr. Asuncion is currently conducted a research, he is struggling in assigning a respondents on

experimental and its control group, he decided to let Section A as its experimental and Section B as its
control group, what is the research design being employed by Mr. Asuncion?
a. true-experimental
b. false-experimental
c. solomon four group
d. quasi-experimental
______2. How do you differentiate a quasi and true experimental research design?
a. True experimental research design use randomization on other hand quasi experimental does
not
b. True experimental use pre-test and posttest while quasi used only posttest
c. True experimental research use control and experimental group while quasi does not
 d. Quasi experimental research design use control and experimental group while true
experimental research does not
______3. Which of the following set up of experimental research is more reliable than the other?
a. Experimental research with a control and experimental group having the same pre-test and
post-test
b. Experimental research with a pre-test and post-test
c. Experimental research with a control and experimental research with a post-test only
d. Experimental research with a control and experimental research
______4. Which of the following is most aligned with a researcher using quantitative methods?
a. Studying many variables in the context in which they naturally occur.
b. Studying a large number of subjects as a detached, objective observer.
c. Using a research design that changes as narrative data is collected and analyzed.
d. Communicating the results of the study in a loosely structured report that uses informal
language.
For item 5-10, identify the approach suitable to the different title.
a. Correlational study c. experimental study
b. Descriptive study d. quasi-experimental study
______5. Note-taking Strategy of the Senior High School Students
______6. Relationship of Note-taking Strategy and Academic Performance of the Grade 12 Students
______7. Impact of Note-taking Strategy of the Senior High School in their Academic Performance
______8. In this research subject are randomly assigned to experimental treatment and control groups
who are treated to the same except for the treatments variables.
______9. Perception of Grade 11 students on New Normal
______10. Effectiveness of concept map in writing skill of the grade 12 learners.

Prepared by:
LALAINE P. MORANTE
SHS TEACHER 3