LAND MINES

IDENTIFICATION
GUIDE
Edited & Updated
By Itamar Levy


 INDEX

CONTENTS SECTON

NTRODUCTON 
TEAM DEMOLTON KT 
MNES 
COMMON GNTORS 
FRAG AND EVAC SAFETY DSTANCES 
SAFETY FUZE 
TAMPNG – SANDBAG REQUREMENT 
UXO PROCEDURE 
DSPOSAL OPTONS 
ELECTRCAL NTATON 0
ELECTRCAL MSFRE 
SAFETY FUZE NTATON 
SAFETY FUZE MSFRE 
CYRLLC TABLE 

II
 SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION

THS LAND MNES RECOGNTON POCKET GUDE

HAS BEEN PRODUCED BY THE HALO TRUST FOR
ALL HALO SUPERVSORS. T HAS BEEN WRTTEN
TO GVE HALO PERSONNEL EASY ACCESS TO
NFORMATON FOR RECOGNTON, DSPOSAL AND
REPORTNG PURPOSES. THE NFORMATON S THE
BEST CURRENTLY AVALABLE AND WLL BE
UPDATED AS MORE NFORMATON BECOMES
KNOWN.

N THS EDTON WE TRED TO ADD MNES

COMMONLY FOUND N MOST OF THE COUNTRES
WHERE THE HALO TRUST OPERATES AND SOME
OF THE MOST COMMON GNTORS.

THE MNES WTHN THE SECTONS ARE

ORGANZED N GROUPS ACCORDNG TO THER
SHAPES N ORDER TO MAKE T EASER TO USE ON
FELD WHLE TRYNG TO DENTFY AN
UNRECOGNZED MNE.

 DO HOPE THAT YOU WLL FND THS GUDE

HELPFUL.

TAMAR LEVY
August 00


 SECTION 2 - TEAM DEMOLITION KIT
THE TEAM DEMOLTON KT MUST CONTAN THE FOLLOWNG
TEMS:

Ser tem Max Qty Min Qty Remarks

. Flash 0  n det
Detonator box
. Electric 0  n det
Detonator box
. Safety Fuze 0m m Main box
. Detonating 0m m Main box
Cord
. Expl Chges kg 0.kg Main box
. Matches  box  box Main box
. Firing Cable  reel -
. Exploder  -
. Safety  -
Ohmmeter
0. m Tape  - Main box
Measure
. Crimpers  - Main box
. nsulating Tape   Main box
. Sharp Knife  - Main box
. Crackerbarrel   Main box
. Sandbags 00 0

T S THE RESPONSBLTY OF THE TEAM LEADER TO ENSURE

THE TEAM DEMOLTON KT S REPLENSHED AND THE BOX
KEPT TDY.


 SECTION 3 - MINES

HALO POLCY:

“ALL MINES ARE DESTROYED IN-SITU”

ONLY N EXTREME CRCUMSTANCES WLL
PERMSSON BE GVEN TO DSARM OR
NEUATRALSE MNES.

REMEMBER THE EXSTANCE OF BOOBY TRAPS

AND ANT HANDLNG DEVCES, ALWAYS USE
POOLNG DRLL WTH HOOK & LNE TO REMOVE
MNE FROM TS ORGNAL POSTON.

TYPE PAGES

AP BLAST

AP BOUNDNG FRAGMENTATON

AP DRECTONAL FRAGMENTATON

AP FRAGMENTATON

ANT TANK


AP BLAST PMN

HAS BEEN
WDELY
COPED
THEREFORE
VARANTS
WLL BE
FOUND
(Type  China)

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g High Pressure . x . Russia


AP BLAST PMD 6

WDELY COPED THROUGHOUT THE WORLD

USNG WOOD AND PLASTC CONTANERS.
NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin
content
00g High Pressure x.x Russia


AP BLAST PMN2

VERY EASLY RECOGNSED BY THE BLACK CROSS

ON TOP.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g High Pressure  x . Russia


AP BLAST MAI 75

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g Low Pressure . x . Romania


AP BLAST TYPE 72

dentical in appearance to electronic variants Type  B &

C when armed. Only difference in appearance is the type
of ring on the arming pin. The metal content of these
makes them easier to detect therefore acts as good indicator
to type located.
Never attempt to disarm, move or touch ALWAYS destroy
in-situ.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure . x . China


AP BLAST R2M1/2

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure . x . RSA


AP BLAST PPM-2

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g High Pressure . x  German

10
AP BLAST VS – MK2

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure  x . taly

11
AP BLAST VS – 50

Easily detectable when fitted with the

reinforced metal plate.
Egyptian version is T/79
Singapore version is SPM-1

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure  x . taly

12
AP BLAST TS – 50 / YM I

Note: The mine in the

picture is YM-I an
Iranian copy of the
Italian TS-50

Other versions are

produced by Egypt
and Singapore

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g Low Pressure  x . taly

13
AP BLAST SB -33

There are Greek version (EM-20),

Portuguese (M/412) and Spanish (P-5)

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure . x  taly

14
AP BLAST PRB M409 (NR 409)

LLUSTRATON
S PORTUGUESE
COPY, M/
“MAPS”.
Other versions are
from Peru &
Ecuador (M0)
and Columbia
(SOPRO)

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g Low Pressure . x . Belgium

15
 AP BLAST M14 / MN79

MN S A
VETNAMESE
COPY OF THE
USA M
MNE HOUSNG
BUT CONTANS
MORE METAL

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure . x  USA

16
AP BLAST MD-82B

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure .x. Vietnam

17
AP BLAST MI AP DV 59

With transit cap

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin
content
0g Low Pressure . x . France

18
AP BLAST PRB M-35

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g Low Pressure .x Belgium

19
AP BLAST APP M-57

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g Low Pressure 0.x.x North
Korea

20
AP BLAST No. 4

There are many variants, all developed from the

PMD-6

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g High Pressure .x.x. ran/Egypt
/srael

21
AP BLAST PN-1

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g High Pressure .xx Cuba

22
AP BLAST DM-11 Apers

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure .x. Germany

23
AP BLAST GYATA 64

Unlike the PMN,

the GYATA has a
flat base with
rubber pressure
plate and a
different design
for the plunger
spring.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g High Pressure 0.x. Hungary

24
AP BLAST JONY 95

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g High Pressure xx Sri Lanka
(LTTE)

25
AP BLAST JONY 99

This mine is a copy of the P4 Mk1 and is used as a fuse

for the Amman & Amman 2000 AT mines.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g High Pressure x. Sri Lanka
(LTTE)
26
AP BLAST P4 Mk 1

P2 Mk2 is very similar to P4 Mk1, with the same NEQ

but different size: 7.2x4.5
Both are used as fuse for AT mines. Both uses a white
plastic safety cap.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g Low Pressure x. Pakistan

27
AP BLAST PMA 1 A

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g Low Pressure xx Yugoslavia

28
AP BLAST PMA 2

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g Low Pressure .x. Yugoslavia

29
AP BLAST PMA 3

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure .x Yugoslavia

30
AP BLAST PP Mi Ba

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g Low Pressure x Czech

31
AP BLAST MS 3

Looks similar to PMN with difference in the

pressure plate shape (due to the plunger “cap”).
Used for anti-lift booby traps.
NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin
content
0g High Pressure x. Russia,
Release Romania

32
AP BLAST TOE POPPER

Can be used as firing device for Booby Traps.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
Only Det Low Pressure .x.x. SA

33
AP BLAST BLU 43/B

Known also as: “Dragon’s Tooth”.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure .x.x. USA

34
AP BLAST PFM-1

PFM-1S has a self destruct mechanism for about 24

hours, but might be more types of delay.
Known also as: “Green Parrot” &” Butterfly Mine”.

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g Low Pressure x.x Russia

35
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

36
AP BOUNDING FRAG OZM-3

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
g -0 m Trip/Pres/Elec . x  Russia

37
AP BOUNDING FRAG OZM-4

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
0g m+ Trip/Pres/Elec . x  Russia

38
AP BOUNDING FRAG OZM-72

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
00g -0m Trip/Pres/Elec 0. x . Russia

39
AP BOUNDING FRAG PP Mi-Sr

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
0g 0m+ Trip/Elec 0. x . Czech

40
AP BOUNDING FRAG M16

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
g 0m+ Trip/Pres 0. x 0. USA

41
AP BOUNDING FRAG M2 A4

Produced also in Taiwan under the same

designation.
Portuguese M/966 is a copy of this mine as
well.

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
g 0m+ Trip/Pres . x 0. USA

42
AP BOUNDING FRAG TYPE 69

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
0g m Trip/Pres . x . China

43
AP BOUNDING FRAG M/966

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g High Trip/Press 0x. Portugal

44
AP BOUNDING FRAG VALMARA 59

South African copy designated as No. 69 Mk 1

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
0g m Trip/Pres .x0. taly

45
AP BOUNDING FRAG VALMARA 69

Valmara 69 has plastic body, while Valmara

59 made of metal.
South African copy designated as J69

NEQ Lethal Operation Size (cm) Origin

Radius
00g m Trip/Pres 0.x taly

46
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

47
AP DIRECTIONAL FRAG CLAYMORE
THE AMERCAN M, COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE CLAYMORE,
S ONE OF THE MOST COPED DESGNS N THE WORLD. THE
TABLE BELOW NDCATES THE VARATONS ENCOUNTERED.

Type NEQ Lethal Size (cm) Origin

Range
MS-0 0g m xx. RSA
No 0g 0m .x.x. RSA
M g 0m .x.x. USA
Type  0g 0m .x.x. China
MON 0 00g 0m .x.x. Russia
Claymore 00g 0m xx Egypt
L  00g 0m 0x Sweden
MON 0 .kg 0m .x.x Russia
P 0g 0m xx. Pakistan
MRUD 00g 0m  x . x . Yugo.

48
AP DIRECTIONAL FRAG MON-100

NEQ Lethal No of Size (cm) Origin

Dist Fragments
kg 00m 00 . x . Russia

49
AP DIRECTIONAL FRAG MON-200

NEQ Lethal No of Size (cm) Origin

Dist Fragments
kg 00m 00 .x Russia

50
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

51
AP FRAGMENTATION

POMZ-

POMZ-M

TYPE 

52
PMFH 

Type NEQ Lethal Dist Size (cm) Origin

POMZ- g m+  x  Russia
POMZ-M g m+  x 0. Russia
Type  g m+  x 0. China
PMFH- g m+  x  Cuba

53
AP FRAGMENTATION Yugoslavian

PMR  PMR A PMR  PROM 

Type NEQ Lethal Size (cm) Origin

Distance
PMR- g 0m+ X Former
Yugoslavia
PMR-A 00g 0m+ .x -“-
PMR- 0g m+ .x. -“-
PROM  g 0m+ .x -“-

54
AP FRAGMENTATION AUPS

Without the metal jacket it is a low metal blast mine

(10.2x3.6 cm).

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g High Pressure/ X taly
Tripwire

55
AP FRAGMENTATION M/966-B

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
00g High Tripwire xx Portugal

56
AP FRAGMENTATION M3

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
0g High Pressure / . x . USA
Pull x.

57
AP FRAGMENTATION POM 2S

POM-2S has a self destruct mechanism for 23 hours,

but might be more types of delay.

NEQ Metal Operation Size Origin

content (cm)
0g High x “Y” shape x. Russia
Tripwire

58
AP FRAGMENTATION B40

This mines made of US sub-munition BLU -24

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin
content
0g High Tripwire x. Vietnam

59
AP FRAGMENTATION MBV 78 A2

NEQ Metal Operation Size (cm) Origin

content
g High Tripwire x. Vietnam

60
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

61
ANTI-TANK TM46 and TMN46

THERE S AN EGYPTAN COPY: M/

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press/Tilt .kg Yes – 0.x0. Russia
TMN

62
ANTI-TANK TM57

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press/Tilt .kg Yes . x 0. Russia

63
ANTI-TANK TM62 Series

TM-M METAL CASE TM-T CAST BODY

(with waterproof cover)

TM-P BAKELTE CASE TM-P PLASTC CASE

THERE ARE A NUMBER OF VARENTS AVALABLE,

MOST ARE DEPLOYED USNG THE MVCh- FUZE

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press/Tilt/ .kg No  x . Russia
Magnetic

64
ANTI-TANK TM-72

Can be found with MVN-72 Magnetic

influence fuse.

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press/ .kg No  x . Russia
Magnetic

65
ANTI-TANK TMK-2

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Tilt .kg No x0 Russia

66
ANTI-TANK TMD-44

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure -kg None xx Russia

67
ANTI-TANK TMD-B

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure -kg None xx Russia

68
ANTI-TANK PM-60

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure kg Yes x. East
Germany

69
ANTI-TANK PT Mi Ba

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg No . x . Czech
70
ANTI-TANK PT Mi Ba-II

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origi

Options handling n
Pressure kg No .XX. Czech

71
ANTI-TANK PT Mi Ba-III

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg Possible  x 0. Czech

72
ANTI-TANK No 8

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure kg Possible . x . RSA

73
ANTI-TANK Mk 7

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg None .x  UK

74
ANTI-TANK M15

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure 0.kg Yes .x  USA

75
ANTI-TANK M19

Fuse NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

handling
Press . kg Yes . x . USA

76
ANTI-TANK M7A2

Fuse NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

handling
Press . kg Yes .x.x. USA

77
ANTI-TANK PRB M3

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure kg MA has  x  Belgium
anti-lift

78
ANTI-TANK TMA 1A

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size Origin

Options handling (cm)
Pressure .kg Yes .x0 Yugoslavia

79
ANTI-TANK TMA 2

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg Yes x0x Yugoslavia

80
ANTI-TANK TMA 3

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg Yes .x Yugoslavia

81
ANTI-TANK TMA 4

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg No .x Yugoslavia

82
ANTI-TANK TMA 5

Fuze NE Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options Q handling
Pressure . Yes 0X.X Yugoslavia
kg

83
ANTI-TANK TMM 1

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure .kg Yes 0X Yugoslavia

84
ANTI-TANK TMRP 6

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Pressure/ .kg Yes X. Yugoslavia
tilt-rod

85
ANTI-TANK SB-81 / YM II

The illustration is of YM II made in Iran.

Other copies made by Portugal (M-453)

and Spain (Expal SB-81)
Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin
Options handling
Press .kg No  x  taly

86
ANTI-TANK SAC I 54/7

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press kg No x0. taly

87
ANTI-TANK SH 55

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press .kg Yes x. taly

88
ANTI-TANK TC/2.4

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press .kg Yes 0.x0. taly

89
ANTI-TANK TC/2.4

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press .kg No x. taly

90
ANTI-TANK TC/6

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press kg Yes x. taly

91
ANTI-TANK TYPE 72 / YM III

This is a LOW METAL AT Mine.

Iranian copy called YM III

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

Options handling
Press .kg No  x 0 China

92
ANTI-TANK P2 Mk 2

This mine use a P2 Mk2 AP mine as a fuse.

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin
Options handling
Press .kg Yes  xx  Pakistan

93
ANTI-TANK P3 Mk 2

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size Origin

Options handling (cm)
Press  kg Yes  x  Pakistan

94
ANTI-TANK AMMAN

This mine uses the Jony  AP mine as a fuse.

Danger: Operating pressure is the same as AP mine.

Fuze NEQ Anti- Size Origin

Options handling (cm)
Press . kg No Sri Lanka
(LTTE)

95
ANTI-TANK AMMAN 2000

This mine uses the Jony  AP mine as a fuse.

Danger: Operating pressure is the same as AP mine.

Fuse NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

handling
Press . kg No 0x0 Sri Lanka
(LTTE)

96
ANTI-TANK BARMINE

Indian copy designated as AT3

Fuse NEQ Anti- Size (cm) Origin

handling
Press . kg No 0x0.x. UK

97
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

98
 SECTION 4 – IGNITORS

HALO POLCY:

“UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES DON”T

TRY TO NEUTRALIZE OR DISARM AN
ARMED IGNITOR FROM A MINE OR IED”
MOST OF THE GNTORS ARE USED FOR BOOBY
TRAPS. BE CAREFUL DURNG DSPOSAL OF SUCH
TEM.
USE PULLNG DRLL TO REMOVE MNES & UXO
FROM THER ORGNAL POSTON BECAUSE OF
THAT THREAT.

99
MUV IGNITOR USSR

Widely copied.
Used for booby traps and anti-handling/anti-
lift AT mines

Material Arming Operation Size (cm) Use

delay
Metal No Pull/ . POMZ-
/plastic Pressure/ PMD-
Tension
release

100
MUV 2/3 IGNITOR USSR

Modification of MUV with arming delay.

MUV 3 has a metal clip to increase the amount
of pull required from 0.5-1kg (in MUV 2) to
1.5-6 kg.

Material Arming Operation Size (cm) Use

delay
Metal -0 Pull/ . POMZ-
min Pressure/ PMD-
cut lead Tension
release

101
MUV 4 IGNITOR USSR

Arming delay with pressured piston in silicon

gel.

Material Arming Operation Size (cm) Use

delay
Metal/ -0 Pull/ . POMZ-
plasic min Pressure/ PMD-
Piston Tension
release
102
VPF IGNITOR USSR

Material Arming Operation Size (cm) Use

delay
Metal No Pull . Mines &
ED’s

103
NM IGNITOR USSR

Electro-Mechanical firing switch.

Uses electrical initiation to drive a firing pin
into percussion cap.
Used for remote command explosive charges
such as MONs and IEDs.

Made of plastic with 46cm long electrical

leads.

104
RO-1 IGNITOR CZECH

Material Arming Operation Size Use

delay (cm)
Metal/ No Pull/ . PP-Mi-Sr-
Plastic Pressure PP-Mi-D

105
RO-8 IGNITOR CZECH

Material Arming Operation Size Use

delay (cm)
Metal No Pressure 0. PP-Mi-Sr

106
 SECTION 5 - FRAGMENTATION AND
EVACUATION (SAFETY DISTANCES)

Total Safety Total Safety Total Safety

NEQ Distance NEQ Distance NEQ Distance
(kg) (m) (kg) (m) (kg) (m)
0. 00 .0  . 
0.0  .  .0 
.  .0  . 
.0  .  0.00 0
.  .0  0. 
.0  .  0.0 
.  .0  . 
.0 00 .  .0 
.0 0 .0  . 00

NEQ includes the UXO explosive content plus the disposal

charge.
kg = 000g > 00g = 0.0kg
Formula for calculating safety distances greater than above
is:
Cubed root(NEQ of UXO + Donor Charge x .) x 00 =
required distance in metres

Safety Distances for mines:

AP Blast 100m
AP Frag 250m
A/Tk 300m

107
 SECTION 6 - SAFETY FUZE CALCULATION

Lengths are in centimetres. Where the time you require is

not listed in the table use the next greater time, NEVER
REDUCE THE REQURED TME ALWAYS GO UP N
TME.

MINIMUM LENGTH TO BE USED IS 60CM.

Formula:

Travel time in seconds (pit to safe area) x  divided by

safety fuze burning time x 0 = length required in cms.
Note:
If the safety fuze is burning outside its normal time (this is
usually between 30 –55 seconds), then time three lengths
of 30cm lengths to check consistency.
If all three lengths burn at the same time the fuze is
consistent therefore can be used. If burning times vary
DO NOT USE.

108
Table  BURNNG TME
Length s s s s
0 :0 : : :
0 : : : :
0 : : : :
0 : : : :
00 : :00 :0 :0
0 :0 : : :0
0 :0 : : :
0 : : :0 :
0 : : : :
0 : :00 :0 :0
0 :0 : : :
0 : : : :
0 :0 : : :
0 : : : :0
00 : :00 :0 :
0 :0 : : :
0 : : : :
0 : : : :
0 :0 : : :0
0 : :00 :0 :
0 :0 : :0 :0
0 : : : :
0 : : : :
0 : : : :0
00 :0 :00 :0 :0

109
Table  BURNNG TME
Length s 0s s s
0 : :0 : :
0 : : : :
0 : : : :
0 : :00 :0 :0
00 :0 : : :0
0 : : :0 :
0 : :0 : :
0 : : : :0
0 :0 :0 : :
0 : :0 : :0
0 : : : :
0 : : : :
0 : :00 :0 :
0 :0 : : :
00 :0 : : :0
0 : :0 : :
0 : : :00 :0
0 : :0 : :
0 : :0 : :
0 : : : :0
0 : : : :0
0 : :00 :0 :
0 :0 : : :
0 : : : :
00 :0 :0 :0 :00

110
Table  BURNNG TME
Length s s s s
0 : : :0 :
0 :0 : : :
0 : : :00 :0
0 :0 : : :
00 : : :0 :
0 : : : :
0 : : :00 :0
0 :0 :0 : :
0 :0 : :0 :
0 : :0 : :0
0 : : :00 :0
0 :0 :0 : :0
0 : : :0 :
0 : : : :
00 : : :00 :0
0 :0 :0 : :
0 : : :0 :
0 : : : :
0 : : :00 :0
0 : :0 : :
0 : : :0 :
0 : : : :
0 : :0 :00 :0
0 : :0 : :
00 :0 :0 :0 :0

111
 SECTION 7 - TAMPING – SANDBAG
REQUIREMENT

SURFACE UXO

0 SANDBAGS FOR EVERY kg

( SANDBAG FOR g)

00g  00g  00g 

00g  00g 0 00g 
00g  00g  00g 

BURED UXO

WHEN THE UXO S BURED GREATER THAN cm

THE REQUREMENT CAN BE REDUCED TO:

0 SANDBAGS FOR EVERY kg

( SANDBAG FOR 0g)

00g  00g  00g 

00g  00g 0 00g 
00g  00g  00g 

Note:
T S MPORTANT TO USE ALL THE SANDBAGS CALCULATED
TO ENSURE MAXMUM PROTECTON. THE SANDBAGS MUST
BE PLACED EVENLY AROUND THE UXO AND AS CLOSE AS
POSSBLE WTHOUT TOUCHNG.

112
 SECTION 8 - UXO PROCEDURE

. nitial inspection alone.

. Excavate to see fuze without moving UXO.
. dentify by GROUP then SUB (SUB)
GROUP.
. Assess arming and propelling state.
. Assess disposal options:
Destroy-n-Situ, Pull and move, Make safe,
Mark and leave.
. Check or estimate explosive content.
. Calculate safety distance and sandbag
requirement.
. Set up cordon – use assistant to control
cordon.
. Select firing point.
0. Prepare charge in safe area.
. Place charge.
. Build sandbag protection.
. Ensure cordon in place and secure.
. Det up.
. Final confirmation.
. After blow wait for smoke and debris to clear
then check area to ensure UXO has been
destroyed.
. Proceed to conduct an area clearance of the
vicinity to ensure no further UXOs. A
minimum area of 0m x 0m should be

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 checked with the position of the UXO in the
centre of the area.
. Complete task report and include BAC
figure.
. Where the area is being cultivated or lived in
then request permission to conduct search or
ask if any other items have been seen.

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 SECTION 9 – DISPOSAL OPTIONS

Ser Method Advantages Disadvantages

. Destroy in-situ Positive action Damage to
deal for blinds surrounding
No casualties area
. Make Safe Removes means Care and time
of initiation needed to set
making UXO up task
safe – not good
for base fuze
Reduces damage
. Pull & remove Removes danger Still requires to
to general public be stored and
when dealing destroyed
with safe
munitions
without causing
any damage
. Mark & leave Only done where Danger still
operator knows remains for
he will return local people
sooner rather
than later

The decision on what action to be taken is entirely the

operator’ – no one can second-guess. REMEMBER we are
here to assist locals not make it worse for them.

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 SECTION 10 - ELECTRICAL INITIATION

. Test cable for continuity. Lay cable from

UXO / mine to safe area. Earth cable at both
ends.
. Place sandbag at UXO / mine. Position dem
charge.
. Ensure cordon is secure.
. ONE MAN RSK. Go forward with elec det
in a suitable container, tape and tools.
ENSURE CODAN N VEHCLE S
SWTCHED OFF.
. Prepare tape, SWTCH OFF RADO.
. EARTH YOURSELF. Remove det and place
under sandbag.
. Earth det leads to same potential as firing
cable.
. CONNECT DET TO FRNG CABLE
ENSURNG BARE LEADS ARE TAPED
WHEN TWSTED TOGETHER.
. CONNECT DET TO DEM CHARGE.
0. Check area for tools and equipment then
return to firing point.
. Connect firing cable to safety ohmmeter and
check continuity. Connect firing cable to
exploder.
. Check cordon secure, do final visual check.
. Fire exploder. Disconnect and earth wires.
Wait for smoke and debris to clear then check

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 for full demolition alone before declaring
area clear.
Note: 10 minute waiting period to be observed in the
event of a misfire.

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 SECTION 11 – ELECTRICAL MISFIRE

First failure:
. Ensure all personnel remain under cover and
quiet.
. Remove key, break and remake connections
to EDC.
. Re-fire circuit.

Second failure:
. Remove key, break connection and earth
leads.
. Ensure all personnel remain undercover.
. nform cordon and start 0-minute misfire
period.
. Prepare new detonator and equipment.
. Brief nominated person to control cordon and
assist with reverse cable test.
. After 0-minutes go forward ALONE with:
EDC Key
New Detonator
Tools and Tape
Stopwatch
0. Check cable on route and mark any damage.
DO NOT REPAR CABLE.
. REMOVE DETONATOR FROM
EXPLOSVES and place under sandbag.
. SWTCH OFF RADO AND OBSERVE
STATC PRECAUTONS.

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. Remove tape from first connection, check
and break connection, remove tape from
second connection, check and break
connection.
. Earth detonator leads and firing cable leads.
. Repair firing cable if required.
. Conduct reverse cable test.
. Confirm cordon still secure.
. Repeat detting up procedure:
a. Put on original detonator if cable was at fault.
b. Put on new detonator if cable not at fault.
. Return to firing point and conduct circuit test.
0. Check cordon and repeat firing procedure.

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 SECTION 12 - SAFETY FUZE INITIATION

. First demolition of the day: cut and discard

first 0cm fo safety fuze (SF). Cut and time
second 0cm. Note time.
. For subsequent demolitions on the same day
using same SF miss step  above unless it is
raining.
. Time the walk FROM the UXO / mine to the
safe area.
. DOUBLE THE TME FOR SAFETY. Go to
SF tables in guide and find appropriate
column for the SF burning time. Go down
column until the required time is reached and
go across to see the required length of SF.
. Cut SF, one end straight and one end scarved.
. Wearing body armour and visor, remove
flash det from box, close box and inspect det.
. nsert SF, straight end, into det. Holding det
at arms length crimp det onto SF using
supplied crimpers.
. Place prepared initiator into det box
. Ensure cordon is in place. Place dem charge
and attach prepared initiator. FNAL
CHECK.
0. Light SF, note time, retain match and collect
all equipment. Return to safe area.
. Countdown.

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Note: 30 minute waiting period to be observed in the
event of a misfire.

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 SECTION 13 - SAFETY FUZE MISFIRE

. Ensure all pesonnel remain under cover

. nform sentries and ensure area remains
secure
. Start 30 mins waiting period from time
you expected dem to function or from last
signs of smoke
. During waiting period prepare new initiator
using same length of safety fuze
. Nominate asssistant to control cordon and
keep everyone under cover
. After 30 mins go forward alone, taking with
you:
New initiator
Watch
Tool box and tape
Matches
. Observe for signs of smoke as you move
forward, if seen return immediately to safe
area and wait further 30 mins
. Do not touch old detonator. Leave old
detonator in place and tape new detonator
to det cord below and away from old
detonator
. Check with assistant that the cordon is still
secure and everyone under cover
0. Repeat firing procedure

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SECTION 14 – CYRILLIC TABLE

123
124
 SUPERVISORS’ NOTES

Please make use of these pages to note details of items

photographed including:
Colour, shape, marking, size (approx), diameter, fuse
details etc which will help us identify the item.

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