8.

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

8.0 Human development and improvement in Vizianagaram. Percentage decadal variation in

quality of life is the ultimate objective of population (district-wise) is given in Annexure
planning for higher economic and social 8.1.
development.
Improving social infrastructure for the Population Growth Rate in AP
sustainable and improved living standards of
people, is one of the prime objectives of the

Decadal Variation (%)

23.10
30

24.20
state. Besides, the development of economic

20.90
infrastructure for the improvement in the 25
living conditions of the people; more impetus 20
is necessitated on social sector parameters 15
14.5 9
like education, healthcare, nutrition, water 10
supply, housing, social security etc. In
5
consonance with the commitment to ensure
0
faster social development and achieving an
1961-71 1971-81 1981-91 1991-01
inclusive pattern of growth, the Government
continued its focus on social infrastructure
towards meeting basic minimum Sex Ratio:
requirements of the people especially Sex ratio is the number of females per 1,000
towards higher levels of social justice in male population. The sex ratio in the state
society in accordance with the goals of the has shown decreasing trend till 1991. For the
Eleventh Five Year Plan. Once the process of first time, the sex ratio has increased
social development is institutionalised, it marginally and it stood at 978 in 2001 as
provides sustenance to the overall process of against 972 in 1991. The sex ratio in the state
economic development. is higher than all India ratio of 933. The sex
ratio continues to show a favourable trend in
Population Nizamabad, Srikakulam and Vizianagaram
Andhra Pradesh is the fifth largest state in the districts. District-wise population and sex
Country, in terms of population. The state ratio is given in Annexure 8.2.
accounts for 7.2 per cent of the total
population in the country in the year 2001, Density
having declined from 8.3 per cent in 1961. Density of population is an important
The population of Andhra Pradesh almost indicator. The state accounts for 8.37 percent
quadrupled in the last century from 19.1 of the country’s area and 7.41 percent of the
million in 1901 to 76.2 million in 2001. Out country’s population. The density of the state
of which, 38.5 millions are males and 37.7 are is 277 persons/sq. km., as against 313
females. The decadal growth of population persons/sq. km. at all India level. Among the
was, in fact, below 15 per cent until 1961; it districts, the density of Hyderabad continues
rose till 1991 and the growth rate 24.2 percent to be the highest with 19,149 persons per
during 1981-91 was the highest ever recorded. square kilometer. Adilabad and Khammam
Later, a significant decline, however, has been districts, which account for large forest area,
observed in the rate of growth of population continue to have the lowest population
which was only 14.6 percent during 1991- density. District-wise density of population is
2001 and, was lower compared to the All- given in Annexure 8.3.
India rate, at 21.53 percent. Population-wise, Urbanization
the State occupies 5th rank in the country after The percentage of urban population to the
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar and West total population in the state is 27.30 percent in
Bengal. Among the districts, East Godavari 2001 as compared to 26.89 percent in 1991.
continues to be the most populous, least being Among all the districts, Hyderabad obviously

124
is the only district with maximum urban female literacy rate has gone up by more than
population. The next most urbanized district is 54 percent, i.e. from 32.7 percent in 1991 to
Rangareddy with urban population of 54.20 50.43 percent in 2001. Among the districts,
percent. The least urbanized district is Hyderabad is at the top with 78.80 percent.
Mahabubnagar with only 10.57% of urban The least literate district is Mahabubnagar
population. District-wise rural and urban with 44.41 percent. District-wise literacy rate
population with percentage of urban is given in Annexure 8.6.
population are given in Annexure 8.3. SC and
ST population is given in Annexure 8.4 and ***
8.5 respectively.
Rural, Urban & Total Population in AP SCHOOL EDUCATION
900 8.1 Education is a fundamental right, which leads
762
800
for the road map to achieve the goal of
Population (millions)

665
700
600 536
“Education for All”. Over the years efforts
500 435 554 have been put at state and national level to
486
400 360
411 achieve this goal. As per Article 45 of the
300 351
297 179 208 constitution of India Universalisation of
200 125
100 63
84 Elementary Education is a directive principle
0 of state policy to provide free and
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001
compulsory education for the children up to
Rural Urban Total age of 14 years. As per the Article, 21A and
93rd Constitutional Amendments 2009,
Literacy Education has become a fundamental right.
A person aged 7 years and above who can This article clearly spells out the
both read and write with understanding in any responsibility of the state to the extent of
language is considered as Literate. The providing free and compulsory education to
literacy rate of the state is 60.47 in 2001 as all the children from the age of 6 to 14 years.
against 44.08 in 1991. The literacy rate of the This article has envisaged about the
state is lower than that of all India literacy rate constitutional position of right to education
at 64.84. The best record in literacy so far at in our country.
both the national and state levels was during To make more effective and meaningful
the nineties. The literacy rate in India implementation of this obligation, elementary
increased from 52.2 to 65.4 per cent during education is brought under “Sarva Siksha
1991-2001. Whereas the decadal improvement Abhiyaan” (SSA) to universalize elementary
at the national level had been not more than 8 education. Similarly secondary education has
percentage points till 1991 and the nineties been brought under the flagship of “Rashtriya
witnessed an improvement of 13.8 percentage Madhyamik Siksha Abhiyaan”( RMSA).
points. Literacy in Andhra Pradesh increased These two schemes are aimed at the
over 16 percentage points during the 1990s strengthening of school education in terms of
from 44.1 per cent in 1991 to 60.47 percent in access, enrolment, retention and quality.
2001. In spite of this faster rate of growth, the Government is committed to achieve total
literacy rate in Andhra Pradesh is still lower literacy by 2015 and in this direction several
than the all-India average. While the literacy schemes have been initiated for both
rate of Andhra Pradesh was about three- quantitative and qualitative improvement.
fourths of the all-India level in 1961, the state The department provides schooling facility to
has made substantial progress subsequently, school aged population of 1,34 crore
especially in the last two decades. While the children.
overall literacy rate has gone up from 44.1 per
ACCESS: For achieving universal access in
cent in 1991 to 60.47 percent in 2001, the
school education, provision of schooling
male literacy rate has increased from 55.1 to
facilities is aimed at -
70.32 per cent. What is encouraging is that the

125
o Elementary level should be within programmes enrolment has significantly
walkable distance of 1 km of all the increased at all stages.
habitations. The enrolment in the state as on 30-09-2009
o Secondary level should be within the was 133.66 lakhs in all types of schools, out
radius of 5kms. of which 53.92 lakhs were in Primary
In this regard our state has achieved 99% schools; 23.96 lakhs in Upper Primary and
access at elementary level and 85.7% at 54.77 lakhs were in High schools. In Higher
secondary level. Primary schools and Secondary, there was an enrolment of about
secondary schools have started in areas not 1.01 lakhs. The enrolment of children
served earlier. consists of about 53.40% in Primary stage (I-
During 2009-10, in the Elementary Education V), 18.54% children in upper primary (VI-
sector there were 65,932 Primary Schools VII) and 24.78% in secondary stage (VIII-X).
and 15,384 Upper Primary schools. Under Dropouts :
Secondary Education there were 18,143 High For the enrolment of school aged group
Schools and 104 Higher Secondary schools. children into the schools, the problem of
Management wise schools in 2009-10 are retention is observed at different levels.
shown in Table 8.1. During 2009-10, dropouts figured as 15.80%
Table 8. 1 at I-V classes (Primary Level), 26.44% at I-
VII (Upper Primary Level) and 53.36% at I-
Management-wise Schools 2009 –10
X (Secondary Level). Necessary measures
Hr. have been taken to return the children into
Upper High the schools. The details of drop outs are
Management Primary econd Total
Primary Schools
ary given in Annexure 8.7.
Teachers:
Central
Govt.
24 - 35 60 119 Teacher is the vital human resource in the
school education system. Teacher acts as a
State Govt. 5,025 395 1,825 - 7,245 facilitator for learning by the pupils. Teacher
is instrumental in developing knowledge,
MPP/ZPP 50,309 8,589 8,201 - 67,099 skills, attitudes and values among children at
all stages of education. Hence, teachers
Municipal 1,626 168 305 - 2,099 should be in position in schools as per the
Pvt.Aided 2,164 425 840 - 3,429
optimum teacher-pupil ratio to achieve the
goal of universal enrolment, retention and
Pvt.Unaided 6,784 5,807 6,937 44 19,572 achievement of children.
Keeping this in view, sustained efforts are
Total 65,932 15,384 18,143 104 99,563 being made by government since beginning
to provide teachers in all types of schools to
Source: School Education Department
maintain a reasonable teacher-pupil ratio.
Enrolment: Rationalization of teachers, deployment of
Several innovative strategies and teachers, creation of new posts and massive
interventions were adopted to improve recruitment of teachers helped in overcoming
access to primary schools, which resulted imbalances in the demand and supply of
in, increased enrolment. The strategies teachers. During 2009-10 there were
implemented for universalization of 4,51,092 teachers in position in all types of
elementary education involves schools in the state.
strengthening of the existing schools, During 2009-10, teachers working in
opening new primary schools, different schools consist of 1,69,159 in
establishment of alternative schools and primary schools, 90,077 in upper primary
other type of educational facilities in schools, 1,87,709 in High schools and 4,147
smaller and un-served habitations. With in higher secondary schools. Details of
these interventions and several other Teachers in schools are shown in Table 8.2.

126
 Table 8.2 The details of schools, student enrolment
Management-Wise Teachers in 2009-10 and teachers are given in Annexure 8.8.
Upper Higher Examination Results:
Primary High Second
Year
Schools
Primary
Schools ary Performance of students at different levels
Schools Schools of education has been conventionally
Central Govt. 170 - 646 1,898 considered as an indicator of achievement
in assessing the efficiency of educational
State Govt. 9,081 1,671 20,368 - system. The internal efficiency of education
Mandal system depends upon the number of pupils
99,878 17,709 87,717 -
Parishad who successfully complete a given cycle of
Municipal 3,694 678 3,647 - education. Completion of a given education
cycle depends on the performance and
Pvt.Aided 6,384 2,421 7,750 -
achievement of the students in the
Pvt. Unaided 49,952 47,598 67,581 2,229 examination of the terminal class in that
cycle. The number of students appearing
Total: 1,69,159 90,077 1,87,709 4,147
and passing the S.S.C. Examination at the
Source: School Education Department end of secondary stage (cycle) play a
significant role. The percentage pass of
Teacher Pupil Ratio: students in S.S.C examinations during
A major element of the approach in 2009-10 is 81.63 which is higher than the
strengthening education will be to improve previous year pass of 78.83%. Year wise
current learning levels by lowering the performance in S.S.C Examinations is
teacher pupil ratio. Government have furnished in Annexure 8.9.
committed itself to fill-up all the existing Examination Reforms:
teacher vacancies and sanction necessary • OMR Bar Coding system is being
additional posts to achieve teacher pupil implemented in all subjects in SSC
ratio of 1: 40. The Teacher Pupil Ratio Examinations from March 2010.
(with Vidya Volunteers) for Primary, Upper • Xerox copies of valued answer scripts
primary and High Schools are shown in in First Language and Second Language
Table-8.3. subjects will be supplied to the candidates
on payment basis from the SSC Public
Table 8.3 Examinations March 2010 onwards.
Teacher Pupil Ratio The following are some of the important
Upper High initiatives taken:
Year Primary
Primary School Mid-Day Meal Scheme
2000-01 45 38 34 Midday Meal Scheme is being implemented
2001-02 41 39 34 in the State from January 2003 to the children
2002-03 37 33 29
of classes I to VII and from 13.10.2008 to the
children of classes VIII to X. The main
2003-04 35 31 31 objectives of the programme are to improve
2004-05 29 25 30 the Nutritional Status of children, to motivate
2005-06 28 25 30 the children to attend the school regularly,
and to provide Nutritional Support. During
2006-07 29 24 29
2010-11, 84.90 lakh children are covered
2007-08 28 23 28 under this programme. Out of which, 45.47
2008-09 27 22 29 lakh are in Primary (I to V), 24.97 in Upper
Primary (VI to VIII), 14.21 lakh children in
2009-10 28 23 28
High Schools (IX and X) and 0.25 lakh
Source: School Education Department children of National Child Labour Projects
(NCLP).

127
Salient features of the scheme are - The menu Schools. 954 part time Vocational Instructors
is flexible. Mostly Rice and Sambar is being are working in 15 trades.
given. Pulihora is also being given. Egg or
banana is being given twice a week. RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA
DWCRA/CDS/Self Help Groups/SEC/Other ABHIYAN (RMSA)
agencies like temple, NGOs of proven track Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
record, charitable trusts/group of parents (in (RMSA) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme
this order of preference) which are identified with an objective to achieve a General
by the MROs are the implementing agencies Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 75% in Classes
in Rural areas. In Urban areas, the IX and X within 5 years. 10,163 High
implementing agencies are, Community Schools (8155 Zilla Parishad, 306 Municipal,
development societies (CDS)/NGOs/Urban 1702 Government) with 21,71,400 Children
SHGs/ SEC/ DWCUA/Other Agencies like are being covered under the Scheme.
temple, NGOs of proven track record/ A society was registered under AP Societies
charitable trusts/group of parents (in this Act 2001 called “Andhra Pradesh Secondary
order of preference) identified by a Education Society” in October, 2009 at
committee headed by the MRO. Hyderabad to implement the RMSA and
All Schools were provided kitchen devices related Schemes. The activities of the society
and kitchen-cum-stores. are- To improve enrolment ratio for IX and X
ICT - School Computerisation Project classes from 67.1% to 100%, strengthen
The Computer Education Programme is existing secondary schools, appointment of
being implemented under BOOT Model by additional teachers, construction of additional
seven agencies in 5000 High schools from classrooms.
2008-09 for 5 years and in 1300 high schools Government of India will bear 75% Project
from 2010-11 for 5 years. The Computer Expenditure as Central Share and 25% will
Education Programme is being implemented be met by the State Government as State
under Centrally Sponsored Scheme with 75% Share during 11th FYP (2007-08 to 2011-
and 25% share of Central and State 12).
Governments with an objective to provide Civil Works
computer knowledge to the students of VI – To improve the quality of Secondary
X classes in Government High Schools of Education, initiatives are taken for improving
Andhra Pradesh. the existing infrastructure and creating new
2008 Teachers Recruitment infrastructure facilities in all High Schools
In the DSC-2008 Teacher recruitment test, under Govt. sector.
11,063 School Assistants and 23,209 Construction of additional infrastructure
Secondary Grade Teachers were appointed. facilities in 1176 High School Buildings with
Vocationalization of Secondary Education a cost of Rs. 302.29 crores were taken up
Vocational Education Scheme was under NABARD RIDF-XI. Of these, 949
introduced in Andhra Pradesh during the year works are completed and 94 works are in
1984-85.The objectives of the Scheme is to progress.
make the pupils learning in the Schools not Maintenance of High School Buildings has
only eligible for Higher Education to equip been taken up under XII Finance
them with skills required for gainful Commission in a phased manner in 4 years
employment if need be. Vocational starting from 2006-07. 1205 works have been
Education is imparted in 297 High Schools of taken up with an estimated cost of Rs.52.52
Government, Zilla Parishad, Municipal and crores. Of these, 1129 works have been
Aided Managements in the State. 28 Mandal completed and 76 works are in progress.
Vocational Educational Centers are Strengthening of infrastructure facilities has
functioning in the State. Vocational been taken up under NABARD RIDF- XV in
Education is imparted to 34,800 children 135 High Schools with an estimate cost of
studying in classes VIII, IX and X in High Rs. 120.27 crores.

128
Education for Minorities: Teachers/Honorarium to existing teachers for
Government of Andhra Pradesh is committed teaching Urdu to the students with a view to
to the advancement and upliftment of promote Urdu. The Scheme is being
Minorities in the State. The educational implemented in 9 identified areas/ blocks.
schemes under implementation for the District Institute of Education and
welfare of Muslim Minorities are: Training (DIET):
1) Area Intensive Programme for 23 Teacher Training Institutes have been
Educationally Backward Minorities: upgraded into District Institute of Education
A 100% Centrally Sponsored scheme of Area and Training (DIET). In 13 DIETs, Urdu
Intensive Programme is being implemented medium parallel sections are functioning
in 9 blocks, identified by Government of with 50 intakes in each college and 65
India as concentrated areas of educationally lecturer posts have been sanctioned. The
backward minorities. The identified blocks Tamil medium parallel section with intake of
are Musheerabad (Hyderabad), Zaheerabad 50 is functioning at DIET, Chittoor at
(Medak), Bodhan (Nizamabad), Kurnool, Karvetinagar and 206 private DIETs are
Atmakur, Nandyal in Kurnool district, Kadiri functioning with 50 intakes in each college.
(Anantapur), Kadapa and Rayachoty in
Kadapa districts. An amount of Rs. 38.78
***
crores has been provided by the Government RAJIV VIDYA MISSION
to the above Districts and to Andhra Pradesh
Residential Educational Institutions Society 8.2 Rajiv Vidya Mission, Andhra Pradesh is
(APREIS) during 10th plan period. Under this implementing three schemes viz. Sarva
Scheme, infrastructure facilities like Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), National
construction of additional class rooms, Programme for Education of Girls at
drinking water, toilets, electricity, computers Elementary Level (NPEGEL) and Kasturba
and teaching learning material were Gandhi Baalika Vidyalayas (KGBVs) in the
provided. Proposals have been sent to State for Universalisation of Elementary
Government of India as per revised norms of Education.
11th five plan for construction of class
rooms/ play area etc, for Rs. 8.81 crores and A. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
provision is made in B.E for 2010-11. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has been introduced
2) Modernisation of Madarasa Education: during 2001-02, with an aim to provide
The scheme of Modernization of Madarasa useful and relevant Elementary Education for
education is implemented in the State with all children in the 6 to 14 age group. SSA
100% central assistance with an objective to intends to bridge social, regional and gender
encourage traditional institutions like gaps, with the active participation of the
Madarasas and Makhtabs to introduce community in the management of schools.
modern subjects of Science, Mathematics, East Godavari, West Godavaari, Krishna &
Social Studies and English in their Hyderabad districts were covered in the year
curriculum. Voluntary Organizations/ 2001-02 and from 2002-03 onwards all the
Societies/Trusts which are registered under 23 districts in the state have been covered.
Central/State /Government and Act of Wakf Pattern of Funding is 60 : 40 GOI and
Boards and which are in existence for the GOAP in 2009-10 and 65 : 35 GOI and State
past three years are eligible for assistance for the year 2010-11 and it is frezeed at this
under the scheme. Rs.39.60/- lakhs released same proportion for the next five years.
during 2009-10 under the scheme. Objectives :
3) Improvement of Urdu Education –
All children in school, Education
Appointment of Urdu Teachers: Guarantee Centre, Alternative School,
It is a central scheme implemented with the Back-to-School camp.
objective to provide financial support to the
All children complete eight years of
State Governments for appointing Urdu elementary schooling.

129

Focus on elementary education of providing additional components for the
satisfactory quality with emphasis on education of girls at elementary level.
education for life. Objectives:

Bridge all gender and social category a) To develop and promote facilities to
gaps at elementary education level provide access and to facilitate retention

Universal retention. of girls and to ensure greater
participation of women and girls in the
Interventions:
field of education.
• Opening of Primary Schools
b) To improve the quality of education
• Upgradation of Primary schools in to
through various interventions and to
Upper Primary Schools
stress upon the relevance and quality of
• Upgradation of EGS / ALS to Primary girls education for their empowerment.
Schools Coverage: 661 Educationally Backward
• Regular Teachers to New Schools – mandals in 23 districts where female literacy
Primary and Upper Primary Schools rate is less than 46.13 of national average and
• Additional Teachers to existing Primary gender gap is more than 21.59 as per 2001
& Upper Primary Schools census selected for implementation of the
• Civil Works – Construction of School programme. Notified urban slums are also
Buildings, Addl. Classrooms, MRC eligible for NPEGEL programme
Buildings, Rooms for School Complexes, implementation.
provision of Compound wall, Toilets, NPEGEL programme is being implemented
Electrification and drinking water on Model Cluster School approach in a
facilities. decentralized manner.
• Strengthening of Mandal Resource Model Cluster School(MCS):
Centres and Teacher Centres Model Cluster School is a model girl-child
• Maintenance grant to Schools with own friendly High school or UP school at cluster
buildings level identified in all the Educationally
• Grants – School Grants and Teacher Backward Mandals. In all, 661 Educationally
Grants Backward Mandals, 5765 MCSs were
• Teaching Learning Equipment to New identified. Each cluster is having about 5-10
Primary and Upper Primary Schools habitations and on an average each block
• Training to Teachers consists of 8-10 clusters. This girl-child
• Innovations – Girls Education, Early friendly infrastructure is used by all the
Childhood Education, Education of SC schools in that cluster on rotation.
and STs, Minority, Urban deprived Major interventions of NPEGEL
Children and Computer Education for programme
U. P Schools. Girl friendly facilities worth Rs.30,000/-
• Research, Evaluation, Supervision and were provided to every Model Cluster
Monitoring. School for purchasing Library Books,
• Support to Children with Special Needs. Vocational Equipments and Games and
• Training of Community Leaders Sports material.
A maximum amount of Rs. 60,000/- per
• Interventions for Out of School Children
annum will be available to each cluster to
B. National Programme for Education of implement additional interventions for
Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL) promotion of girls education viz., Remedial
and supportive material for slow learners,
Government of India launched the Bridge Camps, Honorarium to part time
programme called National Programme for volunteers, Training to teachers on Gender
Education of Girls at Elementary Level sensitization, Awards to best schools, MCS
(NPEGEL) in 2003 as an amendment to the maintenance grant and Community
scheme of Sarva Siksha Abhiyan for mobilization.

130
C. Kasturba Gandhi Baalika Vidyalaya covering 84524 children.
(KGBV) • Under District specific strategies, 56
Government of India launched the scheme centres are being run covering 1865 Out
during 2004-05 called “Kasturbha Gandhi of School children.
Balika Vidyalayas (KGBV)” with boarding During 2010-11 the following activities have
facilities at elementary level for girls been implemented:
belonging predominantly to SC, ST, BC and • 57,312 out of school children were
Minorities in Educationally Backward enrolled into regular schools.
Blocks in the state. • Children’s help lines established at
Objectives : selected Railway Stations and major Bus
• To ensure access and quality education to stations to catch stray children without
the girls of disadvantaged groups of society adult protection and put them in transit
by setting up Residential Schools with homes.
boarding facilities at Elementary level. • 4 Transit homes have been established in
• To provide quality education for drop out Hyderabad to enroll Street, Migrant,
girls in low female literacy mandals by Homeless Children etc.
mainstreaming from Residential Bridge • 31 Work site schools have been
Course Centers. established in the outskirts of Hyderabad
Implementation: city for the education of migrant children.
KGBVs are being run by different • Mapping of Migration prone areas in the
Residential Educational Institutions Societies state by Aid-et-Action including in-
such as Andhra Pradesh Residential migration. Total No. of Children
Educational Institutions Society (APREIS), identified are 2,17,451.
Andhra Pradesh Social Welfare Residential
Educational Institutions Society III. Support to Madarsas
(APSWREIS), Andhra Pradesh Tribal 1033 Madarasas were supported covering
Welfare Residential Educational Institutions 86,524 Children and 2,831 Vidya Volunteers
Society (APTWREIS) and Disabled Welfare were positioned to impart formal curriculum.
Department. All the Vidya Volunteers were provided with
Achievements: training in latest Pedagogy. Textbooks were
I. Access provided to all the Children besides
To provide access to school less habitations, extension of Midday meal on par with the
2882 Education Guarantee Centers (EGS) children studying in regular formal schools.
were opened during the academic year 2009- Further, 200 Madarasas were provided with
10 covering 57804 children as against the Computers to make teaching learning process
target of 3121 Centres. During 2010-11, joyful and interesting.
2561 EGS were opened covering 50,666
children against the target of 56,900 children. IV. Inclusive Education
II. Coverage of out of school children • 2533 Ramps were constructed to ensure
(OOSC) barrier free access to Children with
As against the target of 1,71,414 OOSC Special Needs.
1,12,270 children were covered through • Assessment cum fitment camps were
various strategies. A massive enrolment drive organized at all divisional headquarters in
(Badibata) was taken-up in June 2009 during all the 23 districts in collaboration with
which 58530 OOSC were directly enrolled ALIMCO. Aids and Appliances were
into regular schools. Further: distributed to 8,724 children.
• 409 RBCs centres are operational • 887 qualified Resource Teachers were
covering 27267 children. engaged as against the requirement of
• 254 NRBCs, centres are being run 1128. All the Resource Teachers were
covering 6916 children. provided with a 12-day Multi Category
• 928 Madarsas are being supported Resource Teachers (MCRT) training.

131
• 13305 severe and profound CWSN were providing Children Literature developed
covered through Home Based Education. by DIETs duly utilizing 50% of School
• Physiotherapy camps were conducted at Grants.
Divisional head quarters in all the 23 Learning Enhancement Programme (LEP)
districts. 1486 children were covered so LEP is a comprehensive quality programme
far. being implemented to address quality in a
• 15 CWSN from Krishna and Guntur holistic and sustainable way. The focus is to
districts participated in “Anjali” a address children achievement levels in basic
National Children Festival at competencies in all subject areas from Class I
Bhubaneswar, Orissa on the Occasion of to V, meaningful engagement of children in
Children’s Day-2009. learning processes and appropriate
• 1146 corrective surgeries were taken up professional support to the teachers for
during the year for needy children. improved classroom processes. Following
• 2546 children were enrolled in Special are the major components of LEP.
RBCs and NRBCs in the State. o Achievement of Class specific, subject
• About 4335 children are going to be specific essential learning competencies
mainstreamed from HBE and Spl. RBCs is the expected outcomes.
and NRBCs. Implementation of Early Reading and
V. Civil works Early Maths Programme through
The Government of India has approved civil Snehabala.
works for 2009-10 SSA Programme viz., o Improved Teaching Learning Process –
Block Resource Centre buildings, Cluster 100% utilization of learning time and
Resource Centre buildings, Primary School engagement of children – Time-on-task.
buildings, Additional Class Rooms, o Improved Assessment Procedures which
Toilet/Urinals, Drinking Water Facility etc. are competency specific – Oral, Written
Out of 16,434 works sanctioned, 10,404 have and Performance.
been completed and 4,633 works are in o Performance Indicators – Teacher, Head
progress. Master, MEO and other functionaries at
During 2010-11, as against 20,315 works, System Level making them accountable
487 have been completed and 10,685 works with role clarity.
are in progress. o Improved participation of parents in
VI. Teacher Training and Quality school matters – Demonstration of
Initiatives: children performance to the Member of
a) Teacher Training Academic Monitoring Committees
In-service training was provided to (AMCs). Making AMCs functional and
2,17,317 teachers during 2010. vibrant.
b) Quality Initiatives Necessary material, modules have been

61,014 Vidya Volunteers have been developed on the LEP as above and adequate
positioned in all primary and upper training was provided to all the teachers and
primary schools in the vacancies of field functionaries to implement the
Teachers to ensure proper Teachers programme.
Learning Process. Mobile Science Van

Subject forums established at State, To inculcate scientific thinking and scientific
District and Mandal level in Maths, temper and to provide hands on experience to
Science, Social Studies, Language, Urdu students on various scientific concepts
etc., to provide training and continuous relevant to their levels, the Mobile Science
on job support to teachers. Labs have been introduced in all the districts

Mother tongue based Multi Lingual in the state since 15.08.2010. Initially, it is
Approach is being implemented in 8 proposed to introduce one mobile science lab
tribal languages across the State. but because of demand from the field one

School Libraries were strengthened by more mobile van has also been

132
operationalized. Apart from the two vans Academic Monitoring Committees
now operationalized, one more mobile (AMCs)
science van is also being introduced
• Academic Monitoring Committees
exclusively for the benefit of Urdu Medium
(AMCs) have been constituted in all the
students.
schools to ensure Community
Multi Lingual Education (MLE)
Participation in School Development
Programme
Activities and Quality.
Fifth Class MLE Textbooks (25 titles) were
developed in eight tribal languages, printed • AMCs consist of parents of best
and supplied to MLE schools through P.Os performing and least performing children
of RVM (SSA) / P.Os of ITDAs concerned. @ 2 per class. Sufficient representation is
Distance Education given to the focus groups i.e., SC, ST,
• Radio lessons are being broadcast every OBC and Minorities. The Sarpanch of the
day from 11.15 am to 12 noon through all Gram Panchayat is the Chairperson and
India Radio for the benefit of Children the Head Master of the concerned school
and Teachers in Primary and Upper is the Member Convenor.
Primary Schools. • AMCs meet every month to review and
• Capacity Building programmes were discuss issues of “Quality”,
organized to Teachers and Field Infrastructure, basic amenities etc., with
Functionaries through Teleconference in teachers and other stakeholders.
collaboration with Mana TV. Demonstration of children performance
• Radio jingles were developed in May to the AMC members i.e., Reading,
2010 and they were used during Badibata Writing, Arithmetic etc. Discussion on
programme during June 2010. utilization of various grants released to
• Interactive Radio Instruction material was schools and support to School
developed in English for primary classes Infrastructure, monitoring the quality of
during August 2010. mid-meal and children, Teachers
Computer Aided Learning (CAL) attendance etc.
Programme :
VII. Girls Education

Computers were supplied to 547 Schools
to implement CAL Programme to • 1,548 ECE centers were opened with an
enhance the achievement levels among enrolment of 40,604 children to make
the Children. them ready for primary education. About
7,778 girls were relieved from sibling

CDs were developed on 64 titles on the care due to this intervention.
content related to School subjects and
supplied to Schools for implementation • National Programme for Education of
of CAL Programme. Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL)
programme is being implemented in all

About 7400 Teachers were provided with the 5,765 model clusters identified in 661
a 12-day training on usage of Computers Educationally Backward mandals.
in Classroom teaching.
• Various vocational training programmes

Tribal songs were developed in two
such as preparation of sanitary napkins,
Tribal Languages i.e., Adivasi Oriya and embroidery works, preparation of
Gondi. Twenty Four CDs were developed candles, toys etc., were organized under
and dispatched to the districts for NPEGEL.
duplicating to cover 100 Schools.
• Remedial teaching programme was

An orientation programme was organized
organized to slow learners among girls by
in two spells from 26 – 29 August 2010
providing Vidya Volunteer and remedial
on implementation of CAL & IRI
material.
programme.

133
 • All the 395 Kasturba Gandhi Baalika being looked after by Director of
Vidyalayas (KGBVs) were made Intermediate Education.
operational with an enrolment of 41,843 Four Regional Joint Directors of Intermediate
girl children. Education offices at regional level and 18
VIII. School Mapping District Vocational Education officers at
Electronic mapping of Schools through GIS district level started functioning during the
System was completed in the State. All the year 1999-2000. The offices of Regional
Habitations and Schools run by various Joint Director of Intermediate Education are
Managements were covered. Longitudinal located at Rajahmundry, Guntur, Kadapa and
and Latitudinal Coordinates of all the Warangal.
Habitations and Schools were captured Conventional courses in Science, Arts and
through GPS Instrument. Photographs of all Commerce and Vocational Courses are
School Buildings, Toilets, Drinking Water offered at intermediate stage of education. 34
units etc., were also shot and attached to the Vocational courses are also offered in 1355
concerned Schools. The details were Junior colleges in the field of Engineering &
uploaded in the SSA Website for access to all Technology, Agriculture, Home Science,
Stakeholders. During 2010-11, it is proposed Para-medical, Business & Commerce and
to attach the profiles of all Teachers along Humanities. District wise and category wise
with photos to the concerned Schools so as to junior colleges functioning are given in
provide comprehensive information of all Annexure 8.10.
Schools to the Stakeholders.
The status of Junior colleges functioning
*** under various Managements is shown in
INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION Table 8.4.

8.3 A policy decision was taken in 1964 to

Table 8.4
change the structure of the Secondary School Category wise Junior Colleges
system and introduce 10 years duration Sl.
Category Number
instead of 11 years, followed by two years No.
Intermediate Education in place of Higher 1. Government Junior Colleges 804
Secondary and Multipurpose system. The 2. Private Aided Junior Colleges 275
Plus two stage Education was introduced in
Private Un-Aided Junior
Andhra Pradesh under 10+2+3 pattern from 3. 2706
Colleges
1969-70. The Directorate of Higher Exclusively Vocational Junior
Education has been bifurcated into two 4. 590
Colleges (Private)
Directorates i.e., Director of Intermediate Exclusively Vocational Junior
Education and Directorate of Collegiate 5. 12
Colleges (Government)
Education with effect from 1-11-1989. 6. Incentive Junior Colleges 175
Directorate of Intermediate Education was Others (APRJC, GOI, Social
established during the year 1989 with the Welfare, Tribal Welfare,
7. 385
Disabled welfare, Co-
objective of administering of Intermediate operative, Railways)
colleges with particular reference to public
TOTAL 4947
funded institutions. There are 804
Government Junior Colleges and 12 Source: Director of Intermediate Education
Government Vocational Junior colleges In addition to 590 Exclusive Private
under the administrative control of the Vocational Junior Colleges, 12 Exclusive
Director of Intermediate Education. The Government Vocational Junior colleges and
functioning of 205 Private Aided Junior 753 Junior Colleges (both Government and
Colleges with regard to the Grant-in-aid, private) are also offering Vocational courses.
service conditions and academic matters are

134
Enrollment of students concerted efforts made during the last two
The enrollment of students (as per fee paid to years, many Government Junior Colleges
B.I.E.) both in conventional and Vocational have been brought back to General / Regular
Courses are given in Table 8.5. working hours of 9.45 AM to 4.30 PM (i.e. 2
Table 8.5 sessions) dispensing with the unhealthy
Enrollment in Junior Colleges practice of shift system. Funds have been
Vocatio sanctioned and released in phased manner to
Academic Convention nal
year al Courses Course
Total Government Junior Colleges, which possess
s own land for construction of permanent
2008-09 7,47,643 57,328 8,04,971 buildings. This is aimed at to over-come the
2009-10 7,84,219 68,085 8,52,304 scarcity of accommodation and enable all the
2010-11 8,18,100 73,078 8,91,178 Government Junior Colleges to function in
Source: Director of Intermediate Education the general/regular timings. It was clearly
Results of Intermediate Public established in the last three years (with the
Examination March 2010: improvement in the performance of the
a. General Courses : students) and reflected in the I.P.E March
Out of 9,17,794 candidates appeared for 2nd 2008 results substantially than ever before.
year I.P.E March 2010 for General Courses, 131 Government Junior Colleges were
6,95,927 candidates are regular candidates running in Shift System along with Degree
and 2,21,867 are Private Candidates. Out of Colleges/ Polytechnics/ Schools. Steps are
6,95,927 regular candidates 4,50,248 have being taken for removal of shift system and
passed. Of these 1,82,408 have passed in ‘A’ to function in General timings in those
Grade, 1,65,002 in ‘B’ Grade, 78,509 in ‘C’ colleges.
Grade and 24,329 have passed in ‘D’ Grade. Redeployment of surplus staff
The overall pass percentage is 64.69%. From the last four years many Aided Junior
Girls’ performance at 67% is better than that Lecturers who are working without sufficient
of boys at 63%. Out of 2,21,867 Private workload in Private Aided Junior Colleges
candidates, 74,915 candidates have passed have been identified. The surplus Junior
(33.77%). Lecturers in private Aided Junior Colleges
b. Vocational Courses: are being redeployed to needy Government
60,644 candidates appeared for 2nd year I.P.E Junior Colleges to meet the requirement of
March 2010 for Vocational Courses out of classroom teaching and to reduce the burden
which 48,885 candidates are regular on Government by way of Contract Faculty.
candidates and 11,759 are Private Appointment of Contract Faculty
Candidates. Out of 48,885 regular candidates About 7,894 Junior Lecturers have been
28,368 have passed. Of these 7,684 have engaged on contract basis in Government
passed in ‘A’ Grade, 18,165 in ‘B’ Grade, Junior Colleges during this academic year
2,465 in ‘C’ Grade and 63 have passed in ‘D’ 2010-11. Steps are taken to provide contract
Grade. The overall pass percentage is faculty from the date of reopening to the last
58.03%. Girls’ performance at 63% is better working day of the college. Contract Faculty
than that of boys at 54%. Out of 11,759 is being engaged in Government Junior
Private candidates, 3,616 candidates have Colleges duly following the rule of
passed (30.75%). reservation at Zonal level, from the academic
Abolition of Shift System in Government year 2009–10. Contract lecturers are engaged
Junior Colleges at the beginning of the academic year in the
Earlier 269 Government Junior Colleges vacant posts in Government Junior Colleges
were functioned in shift system. Significant and the remuneration was enhanced to
reforms / measures have been introduced in Rs.7,500/- in Urban Areas and to Rs.8,500/-
public funded institutions in Intermediate in Rural Areas w.e.f. August, 2008. The
Education in the last three years. With the contract faculty engaged will not be renewed

135
automatically in successive years unless they effective functioning and monitoring of the
reach the pass percentage of the district academic schedules in Junior Colleges.
average for two consecutive years in the Training orientation programmes are
relevant subjects. designed in the academic and administrative
matters for the Principals, Officers of the
Recruitment of Junior Lecturers Department and also to the Junior Lecturers
530 vacancies of Junior Lecturers have been of General and Vocational Courses.
identified in Government Junior Colleges Special EAMCET Coaching Classes
during 2007-08. Out of 530 vacancies, 510
23 Government Junior Colleges have been
vacancies have been filled through the
identified to give EAMCET Coaching to
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission
Science Students beyond class room work
during 2008-09. Further, 20 Un-filled with the financial assistance from A.P. State
vacancies and 1100 more new vacancies have Council of Higher Education from 2006 –
been indented during 2008-09 and informed
2007. This programme is continued during
to A.P.P.S.C., and the same have been
this year with an intake of nearly 4,000
notified in November, 2008. Further, it is
students for 1st and 2nd years.
intended to fill-up 1,000 General J.L. Supply of Text Books by T.T.D.
vacancies and 1,000 Vocational J.L.
The Tirumala Tirupathi Devasthanam,
vacancies through A.P.P.S.C.
Tirupathi has provided funds for supplying
Tele-Lessons (Mana TV) / “e” Class Room
text books to all the girl students (who are
Through Mana TV, live Tele-lessons on
below poverty line and not receiving any
important subjects were transmitted for the type of scholarships) studying in all
benefit of students in 540 Government Junior
Government Junior Colleges and Aided
Colleges. The introduction of the Audio
Junior Colleges in the State under the name
Visual instruction has improved the results of
of “SRI PADMAVATHI AMMAVARI
IPE March, 2007. PUSTHAKA PRASADAM”. Total
Tele-lessons were also broadcasted through beneficiaries are 97,809 Girls Students. The
Doordarshan Saptagiri channel during this
Books which were printed by E.F.L.U. and
year. It is also proposed to transmit the
Telugu Academy and Environmental
lessons through Broad Band Connectivity to
Education from E.M.E.S.C.O., have been
all Government Junior Colleges in the state supplied to all the Government Junior
in phased programme in addition to Colleges and Private Aided Junior Colleges
Doordarshan Saptagiri channel. Electronic
in the state.
class rooms were established in 501
Rural infrastructure Development Fund
Government Junior Colleges with the latest
(RIDF)
technology. The content C.D’s are provided Under Rural Infrastructure Development
by Board of Intermediate Education. Fund, construction of buildings, toilets &
Procurement of equipment like Projectors
Drinking Water facilities are being provided
and High Gain Screens in 92 more
in Government Junior Colleges in the State.
Government Junior Colleges is in process.
Under RIDF-XI an amount of Rs. 43.40
The content in digital mode is to be Crores was provided for 388 projects, out of
developed and provided for usage in addition
which Rs. 37.41 Crores expenditure was
to the establishment of equipment and for
incurred upto Sept. 2010-11. 355 works
maintenance of Computers, Printers, Screens,
were completed, 6 works are in progress
Projectors, Audio Equipment etc.
which are expected to be completed by
Academic Guidance & Monitoring Cell March 2011 and the remaining 27 works are
(AGMC)
yet to be started.
Academic Guidance and Monitoring Cells
have been created in Intermediate Education Under NABARD RIDF–XIII, administrative
at state, Regional, District and College level sanction was accorded by the Government
from the academic year 2005-2006 for with an estimated cost of Rs. 58.85 Crores

136
for additional accommodation in Govt.Junior Education is to be promoted as part of
Colleges. Out of this, an amount of national policy on Education for acquiring of
Rs.15.63 Crores expenditure was incurred skills and self-employment.
till Sept., 2010-11. Out of 272 works, 188 Vocational pass outs are sponsored for one
works are in progress and 84 works are not year Apprenticeship Training with Hospitals
started. /Business firms/ Industry. The selected
Under NABARD RIDF-XIV, Government candidates are entitled to a stipend of Rs.
have issued administrative sanction for 1440/- per month during this one-year
construction of Attached Hostel Buildings in training period, half of which will be
19 Government Junior Colleges in August, reimbursed to the training Agencies by
2010. Government of India through Board of
Apprentice Training, Chennai. During
Remote Interior Area Development
(RIAD) 2010-11, one Job Mela (Under Rajiv Udyoga
Sri) and 6 Apprenticeship Mela’s are
Sanction was accorded during 2008-09, for
conducted and 5,566 candidates are shown
Rs. 21.31 Crores under Remote Interior Area
placements upto December, 2010.
Development Scheme towards construction
of additional accommodation and toilets in The intake capacity in vocational courses at
+2 level is 80,000 and the enrolment during
35 Government Junior Colleges which are
2010–11 is 73,078 in 1st year.
located in R.I.A.D. areas. The works are in
Short Term Vocational Courses
progress.
There are 58 short term Vocational Courses.
Attached Hostel Buildings
Attached Hostel Buildings in Junior Colleges The State Institute of Vocational Education
wing in the Commissionerate of Intermediate
at 5 places were sanctioned during 2008-09
Education is authorized to conduct
for the benefit of Backward Class students
examinations and issue certificates for the
and at 3 places for the benefit of Schedule
Caste and Schedule Tribe Girl students at short term Vocational Courses to the
Intermediate level. students. Nearly 14,000 students are
admitted in these courses for 3 Modules for
Vocationalisation of Education:
the year 2010-11 in various Short-term
In the National Policy of Education 1986,
Vocational institutions through-out the State.
Vocationalisation of Education is given high
priority. The main objectives of the scheme The State Institute of Vocational Education is
of Vocationalisation of Education are spelt conducting 3 months, 6 months, and 1-year
duration certificate courses for the benefit of
out in National policy on Education 1986 and
drop outs and others, like SSC failed / pass,
accorded priority for diversification of
Inter failed/passed through out the state. It is
courses of study for enhancing the
employability of students and reduction of aimed at improving the employable skills and
the Gap between demand and supply of employment i.e., both wage and self-
employment.
skilled man power and for reduction of the
pressure on universities for admissions. For ***
effective implementation of the programme, COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
Government of India has provided liberal
financial assistance to the state during the 8th 8.4 Various programmes are being implemented
plan period. In 10th plan period the State for sustaining and promoting the quality of
Government have released the amount duly education with the objective to provide a
converting the plan schemes to non-plan purposeful education to all particularly to
schemes. students hailing from marginalized sections
290 New sections have been sanctioned in of the society. The Department of Collegiate
10th plan under centrally sponsored scheme Education monitors the administrative
and the total cost of this scheme is Rs.16.00 functions and academic quality in 248
Crores. The classes have commenced from Government Degree Colleges and 179 Aided
the academic year 2007-08. Vocational Colleges existing in the state. The

137
department also looks after the development platform to equip them fulfill the job
needs of all Govt. Colleges. Number of aspirations of students in degree colleges.
Degree Colleges and their strength is shown JKC provides training to students in skills
in the table 8.6. relevant to the needs of the job industry and
Table 8.6 is continuously helping them to equip for
Degree Colleges and Students, 2010-11 facing the competitive employment
(Nos) environment. 322 JKCs ( 178 in Govt.
Type Colleges Students Degree Colleges and 144 in Private Aided &
Government unaided Degree Colleges) were established in
248 1,82,601
Colleges degree colleges and students are trained in
Aided Colleges 179 1,84,505 Communication skills, Soft skills, Analytical
skills and Computer skills. Students of the
Total 427 3,67,106 commerce stream undergo training in Tally
Source:Commissionerate of Collegiate Education Financial Accounting Package. The students
Important Programmes / Initiatives: trained in JKCs are shown placement
I. ACADEMIC: opportunities in noted and well placed
Starting of New Courses: Keeping in view companies. It is targetted to increase the
the recent developments in Higher Education, placement percentage during 2011-12. The
the Department started introducing need achievements are shown in the Table 8.7.
based, job oriented new courses like
Biotechnology, Industrial Chemistry, Table 8.7
Students Trained in JKC and Jobs Secured
Microbiology, Computer Science,
(Nos)
Communicative English, Tourism, Trained in Jobs Secured
Advertising and Sales Promotion etc., in Year
JKC
Government Colleges in the last few years on 2006-07 619 354
partial self financing basis. PG courses, on 2007-08 20,787 4,193
self financing basis are also sanctioned every 2008-09 27,161 2,088
year on the basis of demand and facilities 2009-10 9,311 1,852
2010-11 15,300 696
available. These courses are accessable to Source: Commissionerate of Collegiate Education
the students belonging to the poor and
marginalized sections. During the last two Accounting Executive Course: Apart from
years 37 Restructured courses were started in the above programs under JKC, a short-term
83 sections of 53 degree colleges. Similarly, Accounting Executive Course for Commerce
27 Restructured Post Graduation courses students is introduced with an objective to
were started in 62 sections of 48 colleges. provide employable and work oriented skills
Intesive Remedial Coaching (IRC): to students for securing employment. The
IRC was introduced for degree final year duration of the course is 240 hours spread
dropouts to facilitate them to complete over a period of four months. Intensive
graduation and acquire eligibility for jobs in training is given in Tally Financial
the market. They are provided intensive Accounting Package, Communication skills
coaching in the subjects to be cleared through and Computer skills. A total of 5,986
examination and also provided training in students in 116 Government and Private
employability skills on JKC platform. The Aided Colleges were trained. The trained
duration of IRC is three months i.e., Dec’10 students are placed through Campus
to Feb’11. So far, 5180 students have Recruitment drives/ Job melas.
enrolled for intensive remedial coaching. Medical Transcription Course: Medical
Employabilty Enhancement: Transcription Course was introduced in JKC
Jawahar Knowledge Centres (JKCs): Platform on pilot basis at Govt. City College,
Jawahar Knowledge Centre, initiated by Hyderabad. The Duration of the course is 3
Government of Andhra Pradesh, has evolved months and 100 students were trained. 74
to become a dynamic and student friendly students were placed in various Medical

138
Transcription companies immediately on the students of the colleges to obtain the
completion of the course. accreditation from ‘National Assessment and
Special Training Programme: STP was Accreditation Council’, which is a significant
undertaken to train students for job parameter for assessing the performance
opportunities in Govt., and Public sector quality of the college. Out of 130 Govt.
units. Students are given rigorous training for colleges accredited, 120 got grades at the
2 months to help them suceed in competitive level of B or above. The average grade
examinations. 3621 students were trained so achieved by the Government Colleges in AP
far. is one of the highest at the country level and
II. Infrastructure Development: the grades obtained by Aided colleges are
Establishment of Womens’ Hostels: To equally good. Grades obtained by the
encourage women education, the colleges are colleges as on Sept, 2008 are shown in Table
being motivated to provide hostel facility to 8.8.
women students. University Grants Table 8.8
Commission has sanctioned construction of Grades obtained by Govt. and Aided Colleges
(Number)
hostel buildings in 42 Government Degree
colleges at a cost of Rs.26.64 Crores during Grade Govt. Aided Total
2009-2010. Construction work is in progress. Colleges Colleges
A 4 23 27
Development of Model Colleges: Proposals
B, B+ and
submitted for developing 7 Govt. Degree B++
116 66 182
Colleges (out of 11) as Model Colleges in C,C+ and
educationally backward districts (having low 10 2 12
C++
GER) under UGC Scheme on cost sharing 3 stars
0 4 4
basis. (GOI share Rs.2.67 Crores and AP and 4 stars
Govt. share Rs.5.33 Crores) Total 130 95 225
Source- Commissionerate of Collegiate Education
Construction of Buildings to 35 GDCs:
During the years 2008-09 and 2009-10, 65 34 Govt Degree Colleges have submitted
New Govt. Degree Colleges were Reaccreditation Reports to NAAC Bangalore
established. Proposals were submitted to for Re-acreditation process during 2010 –
NABARD for construction of building in 35 2011.
GDCs with NABARD assistance @ Rs. 1.00 State Level Quality Assurance
Crore per college and the proposal is under Coordination Committee (SLQACC):
active consideration. Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, at the request of
English Language Labs: English Language NAAC Bangalore, has established a State
Labs were established in 75 Govt. Colleges Level Quality Assurance Cordination
with an expenditure of Rs.18.00 lakhs for Committee. The Committee shall review the
each lab. The students are trained online progress towards quality assurance in
using the most advanced and user friendly institutions of higher education in the state
audio-visual mode of learning through and through NAAC assessment and other
computers. The software installed in these appropriate measures.
labs is highly beneficial to the student State Quality Assurance Cell (SQAC):
community and its three packages namely Govt. of Andhra Pradesh established State
Academic lab, Aptitude lab and Career Lab Quality Assurance Cell, the functional unit of
to help the students speak fluently and SLQACC in the Commissionerate of
improve their analytical and listening skills. Collegiate Education with the following
objectives.
III. CAPACITY BUILDING
Accreditation of Colleges by National • To plan and organize activities and
Assessment and Accreditation Council programmes that help expediting the
(NAAC): NAAC accreditation of institutions in the
Measures are taken to motivate the staff and State.

139
• To take up quality enhancing activities. Extension Programmes: The
• To plan and organize post accreditation Commisisonerate of Collegiate Education is
activities in the institutions. working towards promoting certain
Keeping above objectives in view, SQAC community development programmes with
organized number of workshops, the help of the colleges under its control. 150
conferences, meetings, seminars etc., for Govt. Degree Colleges have started
creating quality awarness at the O/o CCE and Consumer Clubs, Eco Clubs, Red Ribbon
also at different colleges spread across the Clubs and Heritage Clubs to educate the
State. students and society about consumer
MANA TV: Department of Collegiate awareness, AIDS awareness, protecting the
Education is facilitating the telecast of environment and ecological balance and
curriculum based degree lessons of 12 preservation of Heritage and cultural
conventional and 3 restructured subjects monuments.
through MANA TV, which supports and State Teacher Awards: Government of
supplements the normal teaching by Andhra Pradesh gives State Teacher Awards
providing the latest information. It is a to the meritorious University and College
modern and innovative learning resource and teachers every year commemorating the birth
the telecast is received by 169 Govt. Colleges day of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a great
in the State benefiting large sections of the scholar, the former President of India. During
students belonging to rural areas. 2010-11, 41 Awards to University Teachers
Innovative live programmes like and 36 Awards to College Teachers, (total 77
Teleconferences, Telecounselling, Panel and awards) were presented.
Discussions were organized through MANA Training Programmes:
TV which generated huge enthusiasm among • Two batches of Principals of 45 each
teachers and students and led to several such were trained in administrative and
discussions in colleges. In addition to the financial matters and proposed to train 90
above, Special live Training Programme for more principals of Govt. Degree Colleges
competitive examinations like BSRB, RRB, during 2010-11.
SSC are arranged. Certificate Courses in • Training in Basic Computer skills was
Communication skills and Revision for given to 363 Teaching staff and 58 Non-
University examinations were arranged for Teaching staff of Govt. Degree Colleges
students. during the year 2010-11 in 10 districts.
District Resource Centres: District • 48 English Lecturers were retrained in
Resource Centres (DRC) were established in student centered methodology in skill
all the 23 Districts covering all the based activities in collaboration with US
Government Colleges in the state to provide State Department of English.
additional support to the students of Govt. • 106 Lecturers were given training in
Degree Colleges situated in semi urban, rural Orientation Course, 230 Lecturers were
and remote areas. The DRCs have been given training in Refresher Course in the
conducting activities like sharing of teacher Academic Staff Colleges of the
expertise, labs, library, playgrounds and other Universities to upgrade the knowledge of
infrastructural facilities and support services Lecturers.
like Computer centre, Health centre etc. Joint • Proposed to give orientation training to
activites like additional coaching, career 897 newly promoted Lecturers.
guidance, linkages, summer programmes, District Collegiate Education Development
competitions etc., are conducted at the and Review Committee (DCEDRC):
district level. Commissionerate of College District Collegiate Education Development
Education in association with APSCHE, is and Review Committee (DCEDRC) is
planning to give training to lecturers of constituted at the District level under the
various subjects in the DRC Colleges of the chairmanship of the District Collector to
District. review and facilitate coordination among

140
 concerned departments and other ensure effective working of our industries
organizations for effective implementation of and to shape our students to be competitive
academic, co-curricular and extra curricular in global market.
activities in Government and Aided Degree The Department is responsible for the
Colleges. development of Technical Education both at
The Introductory meetings of DCEDRC in Degree (Graduate Engineers) as well as
all the districts were over and so far, second Diploma level (Technicians). The
round of meetings have been conducted in 20 Department implements the policies of the
districts. The meetings of the DCEDRCs Government of Andhra Pradesh and also
have been successful with the active coordinates with All India Council for
involvement of all the members under the Technical Education (AICTE) in processing
proactive leadership of the District the applications for the establishment of
Collectors. The committee deliberated on all Engineering Colleges, M.B.A., M.C.A.,
issues pertaining to the Collegiate Education B.Pharmacy and Polytechnics and
with special emphasis on Employability enhancement of sanctioned intake,
enhancement and Academic activities, introduction of new courses etc., in them.
Infrastructure development and Capacity
building. Role and activities:
IT initiatives : Some of the IT initiatives • Government’s proactive policy has been
taken are: implemented by this Department with

Software Development for College increased intake in Technical Institutions
Management Information System is in particularly at Degree level.
progress • The Department encourages qualitative

Application Development of Accredited Technical Education at Degree and
Colleges Diploma levels through improved

Management Information system standards set by AICTE and National
(networking of NAAC Accredited Board of Accreditation (NBA).
Colleges) under process • Encourages up-gradation of equipment

Software Development for Results through a scheme of Modernization and
Analysis Information System Removal of Obsolescence (MODROBS)

Establishment of English Language Labs of AICTE.

Adopted Office Automation Software • Established SONET (Society for
(KM-ATOM) Networking for Excellence in Technical
Education) to provide interconnectivity
Recruitment of Lecturers in GDCs: among Engineering Colleges, to adopt

APPSC issued notification for the innovative Teaching practices, Digital
recruitment of 1017 lecturers by direct library, Video conferencing etc.
recruitment. throughout the State, to benefit all

897 junior lecturers from Junior college Technical Institutions. SONET today is
have been promoted as lecturers to GDCS providing latest International technical
in Nov/Dec’2010. journals to its member colleges benefiting
lakhs of students.
*** • Conducts Web based admissions for
TECHNICAL EDUCATION EAMCET, ECET. ICET and CEEP as
per the ranks secured by the candidates at
8.5 Technical Education department promotes 50 and 37 Helpline centers in Andhra
Technical Education in the State with the aim Pradesh, viz., Hyderabad,
to help in bringing out good engineers and Visakhapatnam, Guntur, Tirupathi,
technicians with profound knowledge, skill, Kadapa and Warangal. This enables the
positive work culture, improved efficiency students to attend counselling at any one
and productivity. The ultimate goal is to of the above places in the State as per

141
 their convenience and select college and Table 8.9
course of their choice. Professional Colleges and Strength of
Students
• Coordinates with Board of
Course No. of Intake
Apprenticeship Training (BOAT),
Institutions
Ministry of Secondary and Higher Engineering 707*** 2,75,750
Education, Govt. of India and various MCA 664* 48,160
organizations/industries to provide MBA 937* 78,495
apprenticeship training to thousands of B. Pharmacy 292 26,275
Engineering Graduates and Diploma Polytechnics 232** 62,225
holders including sandwich courses to D.Pharmacy 48 3,305
improve their skills to fit into the best * Comprises of 370 MCA & 224 MBA Stand alone
production centers in the country colleges.
• The Department and the State Board of ** including (57) 2nd Shift Polytechnics in
Engineering Colleges.
Technical Education and Training A.P.,
***including 23 integrated campuses.
Hyderabad arrange transmission of
recorded Technical lessons and live Grant –in-aid Institutions:
interaction between students and lecturers a. Degree level:
through KU Band and teach students via
electronic classroom simultaneously 1. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
around the State. University, Hyderabad, Ananthapur,
• Provides facilities for Career Guidance Kakinada
and counselling for the students of 2. JNTU- Fine Arts and Architecture.
Engineering Degree/Diploma institutions, 3. Oil Technology Research Institute
to enable them to plan in advance for a (OTRI), Ananthapur
future, after the completion of their 4. Kakatiya University, School of Mines
respective courses. Kothagudem.
• Encourages establishment of Industry- 5. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
Institution-Interaction Cell with the aid University New Engineering Colleges,
from AICTE. Thus industry can Pulivendula, Karimnagar, Vizianagaram.
participate in the development of skills of 6. 21 st Century Gurukulams of AP state
the students and staff in different Council for Higher Education,
practical areas. Hyderabad.
7. Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge &
• The Department and the Board, provide
Technology (RGUKT) for APIIITs.
academic improvement at Diploma level
for in-service candidates, through b. Diploma level:
Correspondence cum Contact Courses 1. Kamala Nehru Polytechnic for Woman,
(CCC). Hyderabad (80% aid)
• Encourages Internal Revenue Generation 2. Central Institute of Commerce,
(IRG) throughout the State in the Secunderabad (50% aid)
Polytechnics, to update their skills and 3. Sri Padmavathi Women’s Polytechnic,
find out resources for institutional Tirupati (50% aid)
development. 4. S.M.V.M. Polytechnic, Tanuku (65% aid)
5. Food Crafts Institute Visakhapatnam
Professional Colleges: (100% aid).
The details of professional colleges in the Initiatives to improve Access:
state and intake of students are shown in Polytechnic Colleges
Table 8.9. • New Government Polytechnics: 49
New Government Polytechnics were
sanctioned during 2008-09 and 2009-10

142
 and one Government Polytechnic at New Engineering Colleges:
Repalle. Guntur district in 2010-11. • Indian Institute of Technology,
• New Courses: 24 New Courses are Hyderabad at Kandi, in Medak District
started in 23 Govt.Polytechnics during was established by MHRD, Govt. of
2008-09. India and admissions were taken up from
• Second Shift Polytechnics in the year 2008-09.
Polytechnics : Permitted Second shift in • Birla Institute of Technology and Science
22 Govt., 1 Aided and 23 Private (BITS) was established in Hyderabad.
Unaided Polytechnics for the first time in • 3 New JNTU constituent engineering
the state during 2008-09 and 2009-10. colleges established for three Regions of
• Increase in intake: The intake in 47 the state at Pulivendula, Karimnagar and
Govt.Polytechnics increased from Vizianagaram .
existing 40 to 60 in each Polytechnic. • One engineering college each is
• Second shift Polytechnics in established at Proddatur of Kadapa
Engineering Colleges: Polytechnic as District under Yogi Vemana University,
Second shift introduced in 57 at Tirupati under S.P.Mahila University,
Engineering colleges and admissions at Ananthapur under S.K.University and
were made. in Guntur District under Nagarjuna
University.
The Department has taken following steps to
correct the skewed ratio in intake of • One New Constituent Engineering of
Engineering and Diploma holders of 6:1 as JNTU sanctioned at Manthani of
against 1:4 by increasing the intake in Karimnagar District with the help of
Polytechnics in 2008-09 Singareni Colleries Co. Ltd. during 2010-
11.
Table 8.10 Initiatives to quality
Growth of Intake in Polytechnics 2010-11 To improve the Quality in Technical
Existin Added during 2008-10 Intake Intake Education various measures are being taken.
g for for
Type Ration New They include:
2007- Secon 2009- 2010-
08 alizati Polyte
d Shift 10 11 A. e-Lessons: e-Lessons is a Prestigious
on chnics Project of the department taken up during
Govt.P
olytech 9650 4625 6240 3300 23815 23995
2008-09 as a teaching aid – Not self learning
nics material, to ensure minimum standards in
Aided Teaching and to enable in easy understanding
Polyte 835 - - 240 1075 1075 of the subject by student and improve Pass
chnic
Percentage. 432- class rooms have been
Private
Unaide provided one LCD projector and a computer
d 10030 1530 5300 6050 22910 24855 each. 30.000 e-lessons are prepared by
Polyte Polytechnic teachers pertaining to all subjects
chnics
Engine
taught in Polytechnics.
ering B. Faculty training and other measures
- - - 13200 13200 12300*
Colleg All 37 Newly promoted principals are
es
provided training in administrative skills. 515
Total 20515 6155 11540 22790 61000 62225 Lecturers are provided training in
instructional Design and Development
D.Phar
m
3510 -505 300 - 3305 3305 System and training will be provided for
remaining 600 lecturers in next 3 months. 13
Grand
Total
24025 5650 11840 22790 64305 65525 Programmes were conducted for 455
Teaching and Ministerial staff in office
* AICTE approvals were not accorded to 9 colleges in the
year 2010-11.
Automation, administrative procedures, CAD
Source: Technical Education Department and graphic design, C- programming, IT&C,
Satellite and Optical fibre Communication,

143
Power protection in electrical Systems and improving communication and employability
teaching methodology during 2008-09. skills.
All the English lecturers are trained in ii. Enhancing English & Employability
participatory teaching methodology and skills From only 1st year to all the 3 years.
English communication labs have been setup Introduced Text based to practice oriented
in 60 Govt. Polytechnics. Under “Training of and Teacher centered to student centered
Trainers” programme, 25 Lectrurers were systems. Focus is on communication skills
trained in “English Grammar and Technical with added employability skill. English
writing” and they in turn will train all the Communication Laboratories are established
English Lecturers in the department. and Improved Technical writing is initiated.
1126 latest computers have been supplied in iii. Biometric attendance: To examine the
61 Govt. Polytechnics. All lecturers being attendance pattern of the students to identify
given two week course Workshops on the barriers and to come out with required
“Critical thinking skills” to train all the remedial measures biometric attendance
Lecturers in the Department and this is a system is introduced in 4 colleges as pilot
novel Programme initiated by this and it will be made compulsory for all
Department. Training programmes for work colleges during this year onwards.
shop instructors have been conducted at iv. In the Chronic teacher shortage
‘Central Institution of Tool Design’, colleges, Interactive video teaching is
Hyderabad, during Nov’ 2010. Training followed through Planning Department
programme for senior Head of Sections (APSDMS) Network (at Paderu since 01-11-
programmed at ‘Regional Telecom Training 2009). 8 more colleges added to this system.
Centre’, Hyderabad from 13th December Electronic Boards are being used. District
2010. Resources Centers will be established.
C. State Board of Technical Education: D. Modernization & Removal of
Reforms: Obsolescence Scheme (MODROBS):
i. Syllabus revision to make Diploma The Government Polytechnics are receiving
courses on sandwich pattern funds from AICTE, New Delhi for
It is decided to make all Diploma Courses as procurement of Modern and sophisticated
Sandwich courses to benefit the students to equipment for the laboratories to train the
know the needs of the industry and will polytechnic Students. During 2009-10,
provide hands on experience: Rs.3.16 crores funds were received by 31
In five semesters all the students have to Polytechnics. For the year 2010-11 proposals
study theory subjects out of (6) Semesters. are submitted for more than 18.00 crores.
During the Vth semester of the course, E. Technical Education Quality
every student has to undergo compulsory improvement Programme (TEQIP):
Practical training of (6) Months duration in TEQIP is an Externally Aided Project (EAP)
any one of the industry. for the quality improvement programme and
Expert committee was constituted. The it is implemented in 11 engineering colleges
industrialists were invited to participate in the and 1 Govt.Polytechnic college. The TEQIP-
workshop on syllabus revision and their I Project with an outlay of Rs. 142.62 Crores
advice and suggestions are invited and are was commenced in 2004- 05 and completed
taken into consideration in finalization of on 31-3-2009. The state was adjudged as the
syllabus so as to prepare the student suit to best in implementation of the Project in Joint
the needs of the industry. Review Mission (JRM).
Syllabus last revised in (34) Courses during The state is selected for implementation of
2005-06. Syllabus of Diploma in Automobile the TEQIP-II Project as a centrally sponsored
Engineering Revised in 2008-09. Syllabus scheme with central and State share of 75:
revision for all Diploma Courses is 25. Eleven Institutions are selected in the
completed and is implemented w.e.f. 2009- sub-component viz., Improving learning
10. New English text Book prepared for outcomes and employability of Engineering

144
graduates. 4 Institutions are selected in sub- For the first time in the country, the concept
component of enhancing PG, PhD in of walk in interviews bringing together
Engineering education and or Research organizations and candidates for selection of
development and innovation. 7 more apprentices was introduced in Andhra
Institutions in this sub-component will also Pradesh. 3,405 placements (1214 Diploma,
be added by GOI after complying the 2191 Graduates) were provided during 2008-
deficiencies. 09. An amount of Rs. 5 lakhs has been
The scheme commence in the month of provided in the Budget for 2009-10.
Nov/Dec 2010. The total project out lay is Rs 4. Rajiv Udyoga Sri
263.00 crores for the period of 4 years. The Department of Technical Education is
Budget provision is made in B.E. 2010-11 for implementing Rajiv Udyoga Sri training
Rs. 50.00 Crores. programme in the Polytechnics utilizing the
Other important Schemes: infrastructure facilities available for the
1. Pratibha Scholarships benefit of unemployed youth. The scheme
Pratibha scholarships are given for promoting aims to improve the skills and their
quality and excellence in education under employability.
which meritorious students will be awarded The programmes covered under training are
Merit certificate, Momento and Scholarship. House Wiring and Repair of Domestic
Electrical Appliances, Computer Hardware,
The Pratibha Scholarships are provided for
Computer software, TV repairing, Plumbing,
different courses as follows - EAMCET
Refrigeration & Air-conditioning, Two
(Engineering) Rs.17,500/-, ECET Rs.
17,500/-, ICET (MBA & MCA) Rs. 17,500/-, wheeler servicing, Modern Surveying on
Total station, Tailoring & Embroidery, Basic
EAMCET (Medicine) Rs. 20,000/-, Diploma
Bakery, Machine Embroidery, Zardosi Work,
Courses (CEEP) Rs. 10,000/- and National
Knitting and Fabric Painting, Beautician etc.
level institutions like IITs and IIMs etc., Rs.
20,000/-. An amount of Rs. 3.54 crores is provided
under RUS recently for purchase of Total
2. Remote and Interior Area Development station and CADD software by Principals of
(RIAD) Scheme: selected Government Polytechnics @ Rs.
Under RIAD infrastructure development is 8.00 lakhs per Polytechnic.
taken up in 2008-09 in 4 Government
Polytechnics located in Remote areas i.e., 5. The Rajiv Gandhi University of
Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem, Srisailam and Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT):
Paderu.The budget allotted during the year Government of Andhra Pradesh has
2009-10 & 2010-11 is Rs. 1.00 crores for the established Rajiv Gandhi University of
infrastructure Development. Additional Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT) in the
Hostel Block is sanctioned for GMR year 2008 through Act 18 of 2008 to cater to
Polytechnic, Srisailam worth Rs. 2.27 Crores the educational needs of the rural youth.
under RIDF-XIV and Tenders are finalized. Three fully residential IIITs have been
3. Apprenticeship Training: established under the RGUKT at Basar in
Technical Education Department coordinates Adilabad District, Nuzvid in Krishna District
with Board of Apprenticeship Training and R.K. Valley in Kadapa District. These
(BOAT) an autonomous body under Ministry institutes are meant to specialize in teaching
of Human Resources Development, and research in Information Technology and
Government of India through its Southern emerging areas of Engineering and Science.
Regional Office at Chennai and various Around 2000 students are admitted in each
organizations/industries for providing IIIT in the academic year 2008-09. The
apprenticeship training to graduates and Under Graduate Programme at these IIITs
diploma holders including sandwich courses leading to a B.Tech Degree is six years
to improve their skills to fit into the best duration. Admissions are made after the SSC
production centres in the country. level (Class X) on the basis of marks

145
 obtained in the board examination. The first Mortality Ratio (MMR) is defined as the
two years of education by and large proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000
correspond to intermediate syllabus and the live births reported, which is 154 in the state
subsequent four years are meant for as against 254 in All India in 2004-06 as per
engineering education. the Sample Registration System April, 2009.
The pedagogy followed at RGUKT is based
on learning to learn and life long learning Performance in Certain Health Parameters
Year IMR MMR Crude Crude Expected
philosophy. Education is imparted through Life at
Birth Death
the use of Information and Communication Rate Rate birth
Technology. Each student is given a lap top. 2001 66 195 20.8 8.1
2002 62 (2001- 20.7 8.1 M-64.1
Important Decisions Taken 2003 59 03) 20.4 8.0 F-65.4
2004 59 154 19.0 7.0 (Project
To improve quality of Diploma education, ions for
2005 57 (2004- 19.1 7.3
Notified 488 Posts for Recruitment through 2006 56 06) 18.9 7.3 2001-
APPSC. Govt. also accorded permission to 2006)
notify Additional 139 Posts of Lecturers 2007 54 18.7 7.4 M-65.4
vacant. 154 F- 69.4
2008 52 18.4 7.5 (Project
• Sanctioned 16 Principals and 32 Heads of ions for
sections Posts in 16 New Government 2009 49 18.3 7.6 2006-
Polytechnics started in 2009-10. 2010)
• Sanctioned Rs. 148.28 Crores for 21 New IMR= No. of Infant deaths during the year per thousand
Government Polytechnic buildings. Live Births.
MMR= Maternal Mortallity Ratio is proportion of maternal
Deaths during the year per 1,00,000 live births reported.
Crude Birth Rate =No. of Live Births during the year per
*** 1000 population.
Crude Death Rate=No. of Deaths during the year per 1000
FAMILY WELFARE population.
8.6 Family Welfare Department is providing
maternal health care, child health care and A. Maternal Health Care Services:
family welfare services to the people through Maternal Health Care Services are being
12,522 Sub-Centres; 1,570 Primary Health provided to the pregnant woman by
Centres in Rural Area; 82 Post Partum Units; implementing the following schemes/
131 Urban Family Welfare Centres and 267 interventions:
Urban Health Centres in Urban Areas.
Accredited Social Health Activitist
(ASHA)
With the thrust and concerted efforts put in
FRUs strengthened with CEMONC
implementation of several Medical and services (Comprehensive Emergency
Health programmes, improved literacy Obstetric and Neo-natal Care)
standards, raised awareness levels among the
Blood Bank and Blood Storage Centres
families, continuous monitoring and care
24-hrs Mother & Child Health Centres
taken for the mother and child before and
Janani Suraksha Yojana scheme
after deliveries; improvement in health A.1 Accredited Social Health Activitist
parameters is realised over the years (ASHA):
continuously. The estimated Birth rate, This scheme was started during the year
Death rate and Infant Mortality Rates for the 2005-06 with an objective of providing the
year, 2009 in the state are 18.3, 7.6 and 49 services of the health resource person very
respectively while it is 22.5, 7.3 and 50 for nearer to the community in rural areas. It is
All India (as per Sample Registration implemented in 21,916 villages (67,561
System, Bulletin Jan.2011). Expected life at habitations).
Birth, (2006-10) for Male and Female in the 70,700 ASHAs (55,400 in rural areas, 10,000
State are 65.4 and 69.4 respectively as in tribal areas and 5,300 in urban areas) have
against 65.8 and 68.1 for All India. Maternal been identified in all habitations across the

146
state through the Gram Panchayat Health under JSY (GOI) + Rs.300/- under
Committees, to act as health-resource persons Sukhibhava scheme (State) is being paid to
of first resort in all maternal and child health rural BPL woman who under goes
services to the pregnant woman, infants and institutional delivery. From 1st April 2006,
eligible couples. JSY has been extended to BPL urban
A.2 FRUs strengthened with CEMONC families also and Rs.600/- paid to urban
services (Comprehensive Emergency cases.
Obstetric & Neonatal Care): The number of JSY beneficiaries were
This scheme was started during the year 3,18,927 during 2009–10 and 98,099 during
2005-06 with an objective of providing the 2010-11 (upto September, 2010).
services of life-saving emergency care to B. Child Health Care Services:
mothers and children (caesarian, neonatal Child Health Care Services are being
care, etc). Every CEMONC centre is provided to the Infant and Children by
designed to have 4 obstetricians, 1 implementing the following schemes /
pediatrician, 1 anesthetist, blood bank or interventions:
blood storage center and additional budget • Vaccine Preventable Diseases
for drugs and consumables per each case of • Main Activities
delivery. 158 CEMONC Centers are • Implementation of Universal
functioning. Immunization Program
A.3 Blood Bank & Blood Storage Centres: • Convergence
This scheme was started during the year • Neo-natal intensive care units
2005-06 with an objective to provide the B.1 Vaccine Preventable Diseases
blood to the caesarian surgery cases. 20 new (VPDs):
blood banks and 89 blood storage centers are All children are being vaccinated against VPD
to be set up in Comprehensive Emergency such as Whooping Cough, Diphtheria,
Obstetric and Neonatal Care (CEMONC) Tetanus, Polio, TB, Measles, and Hepatitis-B.
Centres. The vaccines of B.C.G, O.P.V., D.P.T,
The Indian Red Cross Society is appointed as Hepatitis-B, Measles and TT will be given to
the State Level Nodal Agency to set up the pregnant women.
Blood Banks and Blood Storage Centers. 19
Blood Banks and 76 Blood Storage Centres B.2 Main Activities:
are functioning and the remaining are under a) Routine Immunization including Vitamin-A
process. Bi-annual administration during January
A.4. 24-hours MCH centre: and July of every year.
This scheme was started during the year b) Campaign – Intensified Pulse Polio
1997-98 with an objective of providing round Immunization
the clock services for conducting normal c) Surveillance – Polio and Measles
deliveries, to identify the high risk pregnancy surveillance
cases and to refer them to FRUs. 800 PHCs B.3 Implementation of Universal
are functioning as 24 hours MCH Centres. Immunization Program:
85,108 deliveries were conducted during Following immunization activities are being
2009-10 and 62,975 deliveries conducted implemented as Part-C under RCH-II with
during 2010-11 (upto December, 2010). additional inputs:
A.5 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY): 1) Additional Mobility support to DIOs, 2)
This scheme was started during the year Vaccine transport, 3) Cold chain repairs and
2005-06 with an objective to encourage maintenance, 4) Computer assistants to assist
pregnant women for institutional delivery in the DIO, 5) Alternative vaccine delivery, 6)
Government / Private Institution which Focus on slum and underserved areas in
contributes for the reduction of Maternal urban slums, 7) Mobilization of children by
Mortality and Infant Mortality. WHV.
Under this scheme, Rs.1000/- (Rs.700/- In addition to the above, the following

147
activities are also taken up for strengthening This scheme was started during the year 1952
routine immunization: with an objective to control the population
a. Conducting Village Health & Nutrition growth by providing family welfare services
Day in the villages once in a month for to the eligible couples who want to adopt
providing immunization and treatment for spacing or small family norm on voluntary
minor ailments. basis.
b. Organizing immunization catch-up The services of tubectomy and vasectomy
campaigns in tribal districts as and when under permanent methods and IUD, Oral
felt necessary. Pills and Nirodh pieces under spacing
c. Organizing Measles and AFP methods are being provided to the eligible
surveillance campaigns as per necessity. couples. Government is providing Family
d. Publicizing through IEC activities to Planning Incentive towards Compensation
bring awareness in all sections of public loss of wages for female sterilizations
about the immunization particularly in (BPL/SC/ST) – Rs.600/- and Rs.280/- for
the SC/ ST and weaker section areas, APL people and male sterilization
habitations and outreach areas. (BPL/SC/ST) – Rs.1100/- and Rs.350/-
B.4 Convergence: (State) for all people.
For effective implementation of Health C.2 Medical Termination of Pregnancy
activities in the districts, Convergence Services (MTP) : The objective of the
sessions are being conducted among the scheme is to provide the MTP services to the
Health, Medical & Family Welfare, Women eligible couples for termination of unwanted
Development & Child Welfare and DRDA pregnancy. The services are being provided
departments at the state, district, PHC and at all the Government hospitals in the state.
sub-centre level. The number of beneficiaries during 2009-10
B.5 Neonatal Intensive Care Units are 5,624 and during 2010-11 (up to
(NICUs) : December 2010) are 3,671.
This scheme was started during the year C.3 Family Planning Insurance Scheme :
2006-07 with an objective to provide This scheme was started during the year 2005
emergency neonatal care services to new with an objective to provide insurance to
born and neonates to reduce Infant mortality sterilization acceptors as per MOU signed
rate and to improve the quality of pediatric with insurance company. Details of the
care services in remote, interior, tribal areas scheme are shown in Table 8.11.
and urban areas. Table 8.11
It is proposed to establish 37 SCNUs, 121 Family Planning Insurance
Issues covered Limit of
SNUs, 1298 NBCCs and 156 CEMONC
indemnity
Centres. Death due to sterilization
14 Pediatricians are positioned against 124 operation in Hospital or
posts sanctioned. It is planned to position two within 7 days from the date Rs.2,00,000
Staff Nurses and two ANMs on contract of discharge from the
basis in each unit. So far, 150 Staff Nurses hospital
Death occurring due to
are positioned. sterilization operation
C. Family Welfare Services: between 8 to 30 days from Rs.50,000
Family Welfare Services are being provided the date of discharge from
to the eligible Couples by implementing the the hospital
following schemes / interventions: Failure of sterilization
operation (payable once Rs.30,000

Permanent Methods only)

Spacing Methods Expenses for treatment of

MTP Services medical complication due to Actual, subject to a

Family Planning Insurance Scheme sterilization operation maximum of

State Population Policy (within 60 days of Rs.25,000
operation)
C.1 Permanent/ Spacing Methods :
Source: Family Welfare Department

148
C.4 State Population Policy: couple of days before the expected
The State Population Policy was formulated date of delivery as to prevent the
during the year 1997 with an objective to complications of arrival in late labour.
The construction of 29 birth waiting
improve the quality of services under Family
homes is completed and handed over
Welfare programme. During the family
so far and 9 are in progress.
planning camps, the facilities like
arrangement of shamiyanas, drinking water, o 32 Mobile Medical Units are
cots, beds, transport, etc. are being provided functioning in all the tribal areas to
to the sterilization acceptors. provide the services at the door step
Further on the eve of the World Population of the tribal people.
Day on 11th July of every year, an incentive E. Community Involvement activities:
of Rs.10,000/- is being paid to 69
sterilization acceptors @ 3 per district who E.1. Sub-Center un-tied funds
are being selected on lucky dip basis at The scheme was started during 2005-06. The
district level to the following categories: Objective of this scheme is to provide funds
a) Couples accepted sterilization with 1 at Gram Panchayat level to meet the
child requirements for maintenance of sanitation
b) Couples accepted sterilization with 2 girl and public health at village level and to
children improve the facilities at the sub-centre level.
c) Couples accepted vasectomy with 2 An amount of Rs.10,000/- is being released
children. to each sub-centre per annum and this
D. Urban Slum Health Services: amount will be deposited in a joint account to
This scheme was started during the year 2000 be operated by the Village Sarpanch and the
with an objective to provide preventive, ANM.
promotive and curative services to the people The un-tied funds for maintenance of
living in urban slum areas. 192 Urban Health PHCs/CHCs is being given for getting minor
centres are functioning in the state through repairs done; to get the PHC/CHC
NGOs with state government funds. Each compounds clean on a regular basis; to
urban health centre covers 15,000 population arrange for scientific bio medical waste
in slum area. 79 UHCs were established so disposal; to meet expenses for NRHM review
far in RCH-II under NRHM. with MPHA(Male and Female) and ASHAs
and provide referral transportation in
D.1 Tribal Health Services: exceptional situations etc., at PHC/CHC
The following additional initiatives are taken
level.
up to strengthen the health services in the
tribal areas E.2. Untied funds for Maintenance of
• 8,500 Community Health Volunteers PHCs:
working in tribal areas are converted as The scheme was started during 2006-07. The
ASHAs. They are being paid budget for un-tied funds is Rs.25,000, annual
performance based incentive on par with maintenance grant is Rs. 50,000 and for
other ASHAs in addition to the Hospital Development Societies (HDS) is
honorarium being paid to them since One lakh rupees per annum.
inception of the scheme. E.3. Untied funds for Maintenance of
• Initiatives under RCH-II from 2005-06 CHCs:
onwards: The scheme was started during 2006-07. The
o Birth waiting homes: Tribal area budget for untied funds is Rs.50,000 and for
birth waiting homes are being HDS One lakh rupees per annum.
constructed to enable women from E.4. Village Level Health and Sanitation
distant and interior habitations to Committees:
reach the delivery care institution a This scheme was started during the year

149
2006-07 with the objectives to ensure pregnant women and children below 5
optimal use of health service in the village; years of age to the nearest FRU’s.
improve participation of the village level • Each ambulance is covering 50 kms. per
health and sanitation committees in trip approximately for both ways of
maintaining quality health services and transport covering 400 kms per day
sanitation; to prevent occurrence of approximately by each ambulance.
epidemics in the villages. • The no.of average calls received per day
The Village Health and Sanitation are 28,390.
Committees are formed with Panchayat • Total number of lives saved is 74,223 so
Sarpanches as chairpersons, and ward far (since inception).
members, Anganwadi Workers, ANMs, and • Total number of emergencies attended
Women Health Volunteers as members and since August, 2005 is 50.03 lakhs.
MPHAs (M), and MPHAs (F) as member
conveners. 21,916 Village Health and F.2.Health Information Helpline–(104):
Sanitation Committees are constituted and an This scheme was started during the year
amount of Rs.10,000/- is being given to each 2007. It is a Public Private Partnership with
Village Health and Sanitation Committees Health Management Research Institute by
per annum under NRHM. Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. The objective of
the scheme is to provide Health Information
F.Public and Private Partnership advice, counselling to the public on Toll free
Activities: No.104. On average 50,000 calls are being
The following activities are being attended by HIHL.
implemented under Public and Private
Partnership mode in Andhra Pradesh. Special Features:
It is a unique, innovative scheme being
F.1 Rural Emergency Health implemented for the first time in India. An
Transportation Scheme (EMRI) -108: individual can also utilize 108 emergency
Government of Andhra Pradesh initiated the ambulance services to transport emergency
scheme to enable the rural poor to have easy seriously ill patients through HIHL 104.
access to the hospital health care services Information on referral services at various
free of cost in times of emergency Government Hospitals is also avilable. The
particularly in respect of maternal and people can also lodge complaints on
neonatal / infant health emergencies. functioning of Health Institutions of
• The Emergency Management Research Government sector which will be referred to
Institute (EMRI) an NGO is the nodal concerned HODs for redressal and further
agency. action. Information on epidemic out breaks
• A common toll-free telephone number can be passed on to Director of Health and
108 is provided for 24 hours and 365 other HODs through 104.
days for accessing ambulance services.
F.3. Fixed Day Health Services – (104):
• An operational cost of Rs.1,12,499/- per
The Fixed Day Health Service is a Mobile
month per ambulance is being paid by the
Health Vehicle based service that provides a
Government.
convergence of comprehensive services for
• Every ambulance is provided with trained the identification, diagnosis, monitoring and
technical staff.
treatment, record keeping and referral of high
• Total 752 Ambulances are covering the risk cases in each Rural Habitation to nearest
entire state of Andhra Pradesh. Government Hospital for management and
• The average number of trips for advice.
transporting emergency patients per day Each Mobile Health Unit is equipped with an
is 8 trips per ambulance. ultrasound machine, an extended roof
• 70% of the trips are towards canopy, basic laboratory equipment to
transportation of SC/ST and BPL perform basic lab tests, a cold chain unit to
store vaccines and blood samples and a

150
laptop computer to enable store and forward Rajiv Aarogyasri
technologies for improved beneficiary profile Health Insurance Scheme
tracking. The vehicle also incorporates a
video projection system for public health 8.7 Rajiv Aarogyasri health insurance
education. scheme was introduced in the year 2007 with
Fixed Day Health Service is a once-a-month an objective to improve access of Below
fixed day service at the rural habitations Poverty Line (BPL) families to quality
through a Mobile Health Vehicle. These medical care for treatment of diseases
Mobile Health Vehicles are serving the Rural involving hospitalization and surgery
Population of around 4 crores who are through an identified network of health care
located 3 km beyond a health care delivery providers. There was a felt need in the state
institution such as Primary Health Centres to provide financial protection to families
(PHCs) and Community Health Centres living below poverty line for the treatment of
(CHCs). serious ailments such as cancer, kidney
The services are being provided through a failure, heart diseases etc. Available network
Mobile Health Vehicle, which physically
of government hospitals do not have the
visiting each habitation on a fixed day every
requisite pool of specialist doctors to meet the
month with a population of 1500 each
state wide requirement for such treatment.
according to pre-determined calendar with a
staff of six (6) Para Medics to provide the Consequently poor patients have to go to
following services: private hospitals and incur huge costs. This
1. Pregnancy monitoring and care has led to their destitution and heavy
2. Infant and Child health indebtedness. In many cases, patients die in
3. Chronic ailments including National harness unable to access medical treatment
Health Programms which is beyond their means. Mounting
4. Enhanced Integrated Disease medical expenses is identified as one of the
Surveillance Programme causes leading to pauperization of the
5. School Health. farming community.
Each mobile health vehicle serves one Rajiv Aarogyasri insurance scheme
habitation in the morning from 8.00 am to (Aarogyasri-I) was started with 166 packages
12.00 noon while the other habitation is in 6 systems on pilot basis in three districts
served from 1.00 PM to 5.00 PM for 28 days (Phase-I) and extended to 330 procedures in
in a month. 8 systems and to entire state in phased
At present the services are being rendered manner (Phase-II to Phase-V) by July, 2008
with 475 MHUs in all districts except to cover all White Card holders. Aarogyasri-
Hyderabad. II, a self funded scheme provided from CM’s
G. Preconception and Prenatal Diagnostic Relief Fund was introduced throughout the
Techniques (PC&PNDT) : state with 612 additional procedures to
The Pre-Conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic supplement Aarogyasri-I scheme. The total
Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) coverage under Aarogyasri-I and II schemes
Act 1994 and Rules 1996 are being was for 942 procedures. Four procedures
implemented in Andhra Pradesh to prevent were deleted from scheme in view of their
the Female feticide and to improve the becoming redundant thus the total number of
female sex ratio in the State. Under this Act – treatments covered under both the schemes
3,681 Medical Facilities (Scanning Centres) became 938. Further, free screening and
are registered in Andhra Pradesh as on outpatient consultation both in the health
30.06.2009. 10 cases are filed so far in camps and in the network hospitals form part
various courts for violation of PC PNDT Act. of scheme to supplement the primary care.
The expected level of achievements of The scheme is implemented through a robust
Family Welfare Programme and ICT solution to provide most transparent and
Immunization are furnished in Annexure8.11. efficient services to the beneficiary. It also

151
evolved number of innovative facilitation based on data without any separate
mechanism to give hassle free services to the enrollment process as the entire premium
poor. is borne by the Government.
To optimize the benefit of the 5. End-to-end cashless services through
surgery/therapy taken under the treatment fixed packages – The packages designed
scheme is providing packages for one year by experts group covers the entire
cashless Follow-up services (Consultation, treatment process of the beneficiaries
Testing and Treatment) to the beneficiary in starting right from the reporting to the
125 identified procedures. hospital till his discharge and 10 days
Performance of the scheme medication after discharge making the
Since inception of the scheme (01.04.2007) services truly cashless to the beneficiary.
till 12th January 2011- 23,582 Medical 6. Aarogyamithra (Health Facilitator)
camps were held by the network hospitals in services are provided at each point of
rural areas and 40.06 lakh patients were contact of the patients viz., PHC, CHC,
screened in these health camps. So far, Area Hospital, District Hospital and
20.35 lakh patients were treated as out- network hospital to register, refer,
patients and 9.99 lakh patients treated as in- counsel and facilitate the services in
these hospitals and provided with CUG
patients in 344 network hospitals under the
for better communication.
scheme. 8.71 lakh patients underwent
7. IT based online processing starting from
surgery / therapy at pre-authorized amount
registration of patient from health camp,
of Rs. 2491.51 Crores. referral, registration at the network
Innovations hospital, pre-authorization, patient
This is an innovative non-conventional health clinical details including diagnostic tests,
insurance scheme in PPP mode and has the claim monitoring, processing and
following features which make it a unique payment.
scheme to itself: 8. Project office concept and day to day
1. First of its kind in PPP mode – The PPP reporting and monitoring of the scheme
model adopted wherein the professional – The concept of exclusive project office
risk management of Insurance Company with a responsible officer who can take
is supplemented with the administrative independent administrative and financial
capabilities and the services of both decisions with sufficient staff and
private and corporate hospitals are infrastructure nearer to the Trust office is
amalgamated into a unique PPP model helping in greater accountability, quick
first of its kind in health insurance and in decision making and day to day
the country. monitoring of the scheme.
2. The scheme is based on process of 9. 24x7 Call center with Toll free Number
financial inclusions rather than exclusion – The concept of toll free call centre
– (which is a cardinal feature of round the clock is helping the
conventional insurance) as all the pre- beneficiaries and other stake holders to
existing diseases in the identified obtain information on the scheme, to
procedures are covered from day one. regulate patient referrals to the hospitals
3. Universal coverage of all BPL families to avoid delay in hospital services,
in the state irrespective of age, sex, prompt attention to the grievances and
social status and family size. patient complaints, guiding and
4. No enrollment process – The sole criteria counseling of the patients and facilitate
to be covered under the scheme is to coordination between various stake
hold BPL ration card with photo and holders.
name. There is no separate enrollment. 10. Coordinators in hospitals for
All the BPL families come under accountability and single point
coverage from the date of insurance facilitation of Hospital Services – The

152
 innovative concept of identifying a bring reforms in tertiary medical care.
responsible officer (Doctor) in the As on 12.01.2011, 97 Govt. hospitals, 25
network hospital is providing single Tertiary care and specialty hospitals
point solutions to the patient services, under the control of Director of Medical
accountability and better coordination Education and 69 APVVP Hospitals
between the Insurance/Trust. (District Hospitals, Area Hospitals and
11. Camp Coordinators for conducting the CHCs) are empanelled under the scheme
health camps as per Health Camp Policy- and 1,77,999 patients were treated in
Since the Health Camps are one of the these hospitals at pre-authorized amount
key features of the Scheme, insistence of of Rs. 472.78 crores.
a Camp Coordinator at Network Hospital Recent Initiatives by Trust
yielded desired results and improved the • Government allocated of Rs.65 Cr. from
quality of health camps. Chief Minister’s Relief Fund (CMRF) and
12. Elaborate empanelment procedure revolving fund generated from the earnings
through Empanelment and Disciplinary of the scheme to improve infrastructure of
Committee (EDC) to ensure standard Government hospitals to improve their
and quality of Hospitals as per scheme performance under the scheme.
guidelines and requirements. • Feed-back letters from patients made
13. Clear and well defined guidelines and available online are analyzed and any
procedures to ensure clarity and grievance is being attended immediately
transparency for proper selection of the through SLAs.
cases and facilitation of timely pre- • Online interface is provided for field staff
authorization. verification of cases thus allowing physical
14. Work Shops, Awareness Campaigns and verification of cases wherever needed.
regular Training Sessions for stake • 1,20,000 patients mobilized through door
holders to create awareness not only of to door campaign and following up with
the scheme but also the constant changes personal calls by the field staff leading to
that are made to the scheme from time to 33000 patients availed follow-up services
time. in last 6 months period (July to November,
15. Social Auditing through postage paid 2010).
feedback from beneficiary – in a kind of • 1,392 Members from 225 Network
its own the scheme envisages. Hospitals participated in Two Day Re-
16. Dedicated Medical Audit department for orientation Programme being conducted for
continuous monitoring of quality of Network Hospitals to apprise them on
hospital services. developments of the scheme and online
17. Government hospitals treating work flow.
Aarogyasri patients are entitled to • Trust has devised fresh guidelines in
receive same payment as the private and Ophthalmology, Ortho and Neurosurgery.
corporate hospitals. 65 % of the revenue
goes to hospital development society and ANDHRA PRADESH VAIDYA
remaining 35% to the team of treating VIDHANA PARISHAD
doctors and para medics as incentive. 8.8 To manage secondary level hospitals, Andhra
Government decided to retain 20% of Pradesh Vaidya Vidhana Parishad (APVVP)
earnings by the Government Hospitals to has been established on November 1st 1986.
create revolving fund to regularly assist 159 hospitals were developed with World
these hospitals to improve their Bank funding during 1995-2002 under AP
infrastructure. This system is motivating First Referral Health System Project. Primary
more and more government hospitals to Health Centers have been transferred to
participate in the scheme and utilize the secondary care and secondary hospitals to
revenue earned to improve facilities to tertiary care over time. At present there are
provide quality medical care and thus 233 hospitals under the control of APVVP in

153
the State. Details of the hospitals are shown Potti Sriramulu Nellore district.
in Table 8.12. Medical Equipments
Table 8.12 APVVP has provided CT scan equipments to
Hospitals and Beds 21 hospitals to strengthen the scientific
Type of Hospitals Hospitals Beds diagnostic services and to ensure safe and
(No.) (No.)
District Hospitals 17 4400
timely referrals to the tertiary care facilities
for higher levels of care in case of medial
Area hospitals 58 5800
emergencies. Apart from this, APVVP has
Community 122 4840 provided many hospitals with equipment,
Health Centers
furniture and other surgical instruments
Speciality 10 824
Hospitals under the NRHM and DFID supported
Dispensaries 26 - Health Sector Reforms programme.
Total 233 15864
Human Resources
Source:- AP Vaidya Vidhana Parishad There are 2,534 medical, 4,733 nursing and
3893 paramedical, 2,743 support and
Hospital Activities: administration cadres working for the health
APVVP hospitals mainly provide the cause of the people. Sanitation and cleaning
Outpatient services, Inpatient services services are contracted out to third party
(including emergency & surgical), agencies. Non-clinical services like security
Diagnostic services and Laboratory services. are provided mostly through third party or on
These hospitals act as a platform for a contract basis. Government has permitted
implementation of various National Health to undertake recruitment of 580 doctors to fill
programs like National Vector Borne Disease the vacancies and APVVP has absorbed the
Control Programme, National Tuberculosis services of 931 medical, 1549 nursing, 438
Control Programme, National Family paramedical and 95 support and
Welfare Programme, National Blindness administration staff through options from
Control Programme and HIVAIDS, etc. Directorate of Health.
The District Hospitals (DH) provide Hospital Performance
services with bed strength that ranges from The comparative performance of hospital
200-350 and clinical specialities provide activities under nine key indicators are shown
services like Obstetrics & Gynaecology, in Table.8.13.
Pediatrics, General Medicine, General
Surgery, Orthopaedics, Ophthalmology, Table 8.13
ENT, Dental and others. The Area Performance Indicators of Hospital Activities
Hospitals (AH) provide services with 100 2010-11
beds and clinical specialities like Obstetrics Indicator 2008-09 2009-10 (up to
& Gynecology, Pediatrics, General Medicine Sep-10)
and General Surgery. The Community Out patients
(Lakh Nos.) 267.17 269.25 143.51
Health Centres (CHC) functions with 50
Inpatients
beds and a clinical speciality. (Lakh Nos.) 23.54 23.41 14.46
Administrative sanction was accorded for Major
establishment of 3 Super Specialty Units of Surgeries 1,03,139 1,06,213 52,111
cardiology, neurology, urology at District Sterilizations 1,18,471 1,17,767 53,882
Hospital, Eluru, West Godavari District with Deliveries 1,93,227 1,91,740 93,127
20 beds each.
Establishment of Trauma Care Centres Ultra Sono
1,36,409 1,50,061 88,644
Graphy
Government has taken up establishment of X- Rays 4,67,510 4,43,675 2,48,967
trauma care centres in 8 APVVP hospitals
E.C.G 1,05,148 1,12,285 64,357
located on National Highways 5 and 7.
Apart from this, a trauma care centre was Lab Tests
(Lakh Nos.) 71.19 76.73 42.51
already established at district hospital in Sri
Source:- AP Vaidya Vidhana Parishad

154
 HEALTH • Coordinating with the civil supplies
National Iodine Deficiency Disorders department to ensure apply of Iodized salt
Control Program through PDS.
8.9 National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Achievements
programme is implemented as 100% • Distributed 8,000 salt testing kits during
sponsored scheme of Government of India 2010 .
since 1962. Iodine is a Micro Nutrient • 4,11,661 Samples were tested upto the
required at 100 µ -150µ gms for normal body month of January, 2010 to till date and
growth and mental development. Iodine 1,91,112 samples were found to be 15
Deficiency is the single most common cause PPM or more.
of preventable mental retardation and brain School Health Programme
damage. Iodine Deficiency in Pregnant Children of school-going age (ages 5-15
women may cause miscarriages, still birth years) form a very high proportion of India’s
and birth defects. Children with Iodine population, both in rural and in urban areas.
Deficiency grow up stunted, less active and It is, therefore, important that the physical
may retarded with impaired movement or and mental health of this segment of the
hearing. population should be the concern of all those
Objectives responsible for ensuring the health of the
• To promote awareness on Goiter and people. Healthy habits as regards personal
Iodine Deficiency Disorders and their hygiene, clean surroundings, nutritious diet,
prevention among people living in exercise, rest and recreation, if formed at an
endemic areas. early stage, will remain with a person
• To educate the masses to use Iodized salt. throughout their life and will help to develop
• To educate surveys to assess the healthy citizens in the full and positive sense
magnitude of Iodine Deficiency of the term viz., persons who are in a state of
Disorders. complete physical, mental and social well
Achievements being.
• The State IDD Monitoring cell and Responsibility in School Health
Laboratory was established in Directorate Children’s wellbeing is the responsibility of
of Public Health and Family Welfare Department of School Education/SSA; while
A.P., Hyderabad to assess the estimation the health of the children is the responsibility
of Iodine in salt and Urine. of the Department of Health, Medical and
• The State IDD cell team has conducted Family Welfare. So the School Health
survey in Nizamabad, Nalgonda, Programme is the joint responsibility of the
Warangal and Khammam districts. both the departments with the Department of
Prevention: Health Medical Family Welfare (DoHMFW)
• Daily consumption of Iodized salt as the primary agency.
prevents the spectrum of disorders that
Current Status of School Health in AP
causes due to Iodine Deficiency.
In the year 2009, the GoAP, with technical
• The daily requirement of Iodine for adults
assistance from Deworm the World, launched
is 150µgms, Pregnant woman is 200 µ
the AP School Based Deworming
gms, 1-5 years children 90 µ gms 6-12
Programme in six districts. This programme
years children 120 µ gms
covered 20,60,016 school-age children from
• Iodization of salt is of low cost. 21,697 schools dewormed and saw the
Action Plan 2010-11 successful collaboration between the
• Conducting surveys in the District and Departments of Health and Education. Based
assess the magnitude of IDD. on the success of the School-based
• Conducting awareness campaign in the Deworming Programme, Government of A.P
District to create awareness about IDD desired to revitalise the School Health
and using of Iodized salt. Programme.

155
 components of health service provision:
Revitalisation of the School Health • Screening, health care and referral:
Programme - Screening of general health, assessment of
Government of Andhra Pradesh have Anaemia/Nutritional status, visual acuity,
launched a revitalised School Health hearing problems, dental check up, common
Programme under the name Jawahar Bala skin conditions, heart defects, physical
Arogya Raksha Scheme, Child Health disabilities, learning disorders, behavior
Improvement Programme (CHIP). This problems.
programme attempts to bring to the notice of - Basic medicine kit to be provided to take
all the stakeholders working for children’s care of common ailments prevalent among
health, the current status of School Health and young school going children.
the need to revitalise the programme. - Referral Cards for priority services at
CHIP was launched on the occasion of District / Sub-District hospitals.
Children’s Day ie. 14th November, 2010 and • Immunization:
it aims to cover all school-age children in Fixed day activity: For school children the
Andhra Pradesh. In 2010-11, CHIP will immunisation will be done in the school
cover 85 lakh children in all 22 Districts of Coupled with education about the issue.
AP. • Micronutrient (Vitamin A & Iron Folic
Objectives of CHIP is the prevention of Acid) management:
illness as well as the promotion of health and - Weekly supervised distribution of Iron-
well being of the students through: Folate tablets coupled with education about
• Early detection and care of students with the issue
health problems - Vitamin-A as per national schedule.
• Development of healthy habits, attitude • De-worming
and behaviour amongst the students - As per national guidelines
• Ensure a healthy environment for children - Biannually supervised schedule
at school - Prior IEC with intimation to families to
• Prevention of communicable diseases at bring siblings to school on the fixed day
school - Siblings of students also to be covered
• Increased learning capabilities because of • Health Promoting Schools
good health and nutrition - Counseling services, Promotion of mental
Scope of CHIP is to provide School Health well-being.
services to all school-age children in Andhra - Physical education, health education
Pradesh. All Teachers and Health Staff will be - Peer leaders as health educators
oriented to the health needs of school-age - Adolescent health education
children and will work together to address - Health clubs, Health committees, Health
these needs. During the year 2010-11, this jamborees
programme will reach 85,32,635 children - First Aid room/corners or clinics.
studying in Government schools in Andhra • Capacity building of teachers and
Pradesh. At least two teachers in each school involved health personnel
and related School Health Staff in all PHCs • Monitoring & Evaluation
will be trained on basic health screening. • Mid Day Meal
Methodology: Government school teachers Implementation Strategy:
will screen the children on a continuous basis The implementation will be in two phases:
with the PHC Medical Officers with their PHC Initiation Phase: November 14th 2010
team (ANM, CHO, HV, PHN, MPHA) 1.This phase will involve extensive coverage
visiting periodically. where every child will be screened
Components of School Health Program intensively. This programme will be done by
Drawing from the NRHM Guidelines for the School Health Team. This will be a 16
School Health, GoAP’s School Health day programme, i.e. 4 days per week, aiming
Programme will have the following at screening all Government School Children

156
 in rural areas, Grade III and Grade IV Performance under School health programme
municipalities. is given in Annexure 8.12.
2. It will be a festive atmosphere at the Tobacco Related Diseases and Control
beginning of the academic year 2010, which Usage of Tobacco and Tobacco products
in turn will attract parents, children and the causes a wide range of major diseases i.e.,
community towards enrolling their wards in several types of Cancer, Heart diseases and
the Government Schools vis-a-vis local Lung diseases. It requires considerable public
private schools. support for prevention and control of
3. Both PHC and School staff along with Tobacco use. Government of Andhra Pradesh
participation from parents/community. has issued notifications on Prohibition of
Continuation Phase: From next academic smoking and Health production Act with the
year (2011) onwards following objectives.
1.Thursdays will be fixed as School Health Objectives:
Days and Tuesdays will be fixed as School • To measure the impact of tobacco control
Health Referral Days. Thus, the PHC, higher efforts through implementation of
Medical Institutions and the schools are different provisions of COTPA 2003 and
aware of this day. its regulations.
2.The Medical Officers of PHC, with the team, • Systematically monitor adult tobacco
will visit the schools in their area at-least (smoke & smokeless) use and track
once in every quarter of the year. tobacco control indicators.
3.The MPHS (Male and Female) will visit the • To obtain estimates of prevalence of
school also once in every month. tobacco use.
4.The teacher will regularly monitor the • Exposure to second hand smoke.
programme on a day-to-day basis. They will • Cessation services.
also follow the monthly Theme Schedule • Economics of tobacco.
that will be provided to them for Health
• Exposure to media message on tobacco
Education.
use.
5. Referral services whenever required. MPHS/
• Knowledge attitudes and preparations
Teacher will follow-up the referral cases.
towards tobacco use.
In the years following 2011, as all children
Action Plan:
would have been screened, the programme
will have only the continuation phase. • Immediate inter-sectoral coordination is a
Highlights of CHIP for Children: need in Tobacco control program,
(Various Ministries and departments).
• Each child will have a School Health Card
and this will be used by the child from 1st • Enforcement of COTPA 2003 smoke free
class to 10th class. public places and Tobacco free School
policies.
• This card will be issued along with the
Transfer Certificate and this will be • Stepping towards smoke free Hyderabad,
essential for the child to secure admission by enforcing the strict smoke free public
in another school in case of a transfer. places, adopting the best practices from
the states who already declared smoke
• Immunisation/vaccination as per the
free cities like Chennai, Delhi,
schedule.
Chandighar and Assam.
• Deworming all children twice a year will
• Integration of Tobacco control program
be part of the routine school health visit.
components like trainings and Awareness
• A proper referral system will be created
and advocacy in existing National Health
for high-risk children and children
Programs like TB control program, NCD
requiring specialist care.
Program and other training programs for
• Each school will be visited by the school Grass root level workers who serve at
health team constituted for this purpose rural area.
atleast twice a year.

157
• Maximum focus to the awareness National Malaria Control Programme in
Programme at rural villages and 1953. The National Malaria Eradication
increasing Tobacco cessation services by Program was launched in 1958 with
capacity building of existed grass root encouraging plan of operation stabilized
level Health workers, ANMs, Medical malaria incidence around 2 million cases
Officers at PHC, CHC, and UHCs. annually, since 1977. Enhanced Malaria
• Strengthening Challan mechanism – and Control Project was introduced in 1997,
establishing a strong reporting system at aided by World Bank, covering the tribal
district level and State level. areas of 10 districts in the State. The problem
• Effective leadership, ownership towards is mostly concentrated in 105 Primary Health
NTCP at District level and Proactive Centers in Tribal areas of the State and the
initiatives with NGO, Public Private project is extended to 128 PHCs including
Partnership, CSR Initiatives. tribal and non-tribal areas. The program has
• 5,499 cases booked and Rs. 8.23 lakhs been changed to NVBDCP in the year 2004.
Penalty collected upto November 2010. NVBDCP deals with Malaria, Japanese
Encephalities, Suspected Viral Encephalitis,
Diabetic Care and Control Programme: Dengue, Chikungunya, Filaria and Kala Azar
Government has taken up the Diabetic care under an umbrella program.
and control programme with the following Objectives:
objectives:
1. Prevention of deaths due to vector borne
diseases.
Objectives:
2. Reduction of morbidity.
• Early detection of Diabetes in the
community. Strategies Adopted:
• One day of every month is free for the
• Early Diagnosis and Prompt Treatment of
Diabetic test, duly in all the PHCs.
all Vector borne disease cases by
• To create awareness of Diabetes and its weekly/Fortnightly surveillance through
effects. Para Medical Staff.
• Encouraging public to get Diabetic tests
done periodically. • Integrated Vector Control Measures by
• Extending treatment of positive cases and adopting insecticidal spray operations,
making them self monitoring if personal prophylactic measures like bed
necessary, referring them to referral nets usage, biological control measures
hospital. with Gambusia fish release and source
reduction method.
Action Plan:
• To organize Health and other • Capacity building by conducting
Departments and NGO’s at PHC induction and re-orientation level
levels/District level to create awareness trainings to inservice staff and other
of Diabetes. voluntary organizations useful to the
• To conduct screening camps for Diabetes program.
at every PHC on a day in a week/Month. • Intersectoral co-ordination between other
• To supply required drugs and equipment departments and the medical and health
to PHC/Districts for control of Diabetes. services.

National Vector Borne Diseases Control • Health education through Information

Education and Communication(IEC) to
Program (NVBDCP)
create awareness among the public
Malaria has been a major scourge in India regarding the diseases and its prevention
contributing 17 Million cases and 0.8 Million and control
deaths every year, prior to the launching of

158
Details on Vector borne diseases are shown Table 8.15
in Table 8.14. Performance of RNTCP
New
Total case smear Cure rate
Table 8.14 Year detection +ve expected
achieved detection (85%)
Vector Borne Diseases
achieved
Diseases 2009 Jan-Nov 2010
2004 105835 44669 84%
Cases Deaths Cases Deaths
Malaria 25,152 3 26,379 20 2005 108679 44097 84%

Dengue 1190 11 697 3 2006 107051 44867 84%

2007 111292 49085 85%
Chikungunya 117 0 41 0 2008 114624 49759 86%
JE 34 0 6 0 2009 114061 49935 87%
2010
86320 37869 87%
Source: Directorate of Health (3q10)
Source: Directorate of Health
TB Control Programme
National Program for Control of
The Revised National TB Control Blindness
Programme (RNTCP) was launched in the National Program for control of Blindness
year 1995 with DFID aid. GFATM is aiding was started in 1976 aiming to reduce the
the programme from November, 2005. The prevalence of Blindness from 1.4% to 0.3%
first two districts to start RNTCP in the state
are Hyderabad and Medak in the year 1995- Disease Control
96. RNTCP coverage of AP has been 1. Free Cataract Surgeries, both in
completed in a phased manner by February Government and NGO sector.
2004. There are 178 TB Units and 918 2. Refractive errors detection – School Eye
DMCs (Designated Microscopy Center) and Screening – Distribution of Free
80,000 DOT (Directly Observed Treatment) Spectacles.
centers in the State under the Programme. 3. Eye Donation and Strengthening of Eye
Banks
Goal: The goal of RNTCP is to decrease 4. Early detection of Glaucoma and
mortality and morbidity due to TB and cut Diabetic Retinopathy
the transmission of infection until TB ceases 5. Newly initiated Tele-Ophthalmology by
to be a major pubic health problem. It aims REH-Visakhapatnam to Paderu and
to control TB by detecting and curing sputum Yelamanchili.
smear-positive patients thereby interrupting 6. DFID –Tribal Eye Care Project by
the chain of transmission. APRTSS in all(9) –ITDA areas .
Objectives of RNTCP:
Objectives
1. To achieve and maintain a cure rate of
85% among new sputum positive TB • To provide high quality of Eye care to the
cases registered; and to achieve 90% affected population
sputum conversion rate. • To expand coverage of Eye care services
to the under served areas
2. To detect 70% (52 cases per one lakh Performance:
population) of the estimated new sputum- Cataract operations
positive cases after achieving objective 1. 5,74,182 cataract operations were conducted
during 2009-10 and 3,32,142 cataract
Performance of RNTCP is shown in Table operations were conducted during 2010-
8.15. 11(up to Oct’10).

159
 School Children Eye Screening funding partners, NGOs and network of
Performance shown in Table 8.16. PLHA.
Table 8.16
School Children Eye Screening (Nos.) Phase-III (2007-2012) of NACP has the
Item 2009-10 Upto overall goal of halting and reversing the
Oct.2010 epidemic over the five-year period. It has
Teachers Trained 10920 6417 placed highest priority on preventive efforts
Teachers Training 981 527 while, at the same time, seeking to integrate
School Children Screened 16.23 10.58
prevention with care, support and treatment
(in lakhs)
School Children detected 73034 46855 through a four-pronged strategy:
with Reff. Errors 1. Preventing new infections among high
Distribution Free Glass 42619 12190
risk groups and general population
Source: Directorate of Health
through (a) saturation of coverage of high
risk groups with targeted interventions;
Tribal Area Performance shown in Table
and (b) scaled up interventions in the
8.17.
Table 8.17 general population.
Control of Blindness in Tribal Areas (Nos.) 2. Providing greater care, support and
Item 2009-10 Upto
treatment to larger number of PLHA.
Oct.2010
Cataract Operations 9277 5266 3. Strengthening the infrastructure, systems
Teachers Training 981 527 and human resources in prevention, care,
School Children Screened 142457 106737
support and treatment programmes at the
School Children detected 7551 5520
with Reff. Errors district, state and national levels.
Distribution of Free Glasses 4393 1430 4. Strengthening the nationwide Strategic
Source: Directorate of Health Information Management System.
***
HIV/AIDS scenario in Andhra Pradesh:
AIDS CONTROL
Level and Trend of HIV epidemic:-
8.10 The HIV epidemic has been one of Andhra Pradesh, fifth largest populous state,
the most challenging modern public health is one of the most severely affected states by
problems for the country. Provisional the HIV epidemic. Contributing almost 21%
estimates place the number of people living of the total estimated PLHA burden of the
with HIV in India in 2008 at 22.7 lakhs and country, the state has been the epicenter of
the third phase of National AIDS Control the epidemic in the country. However,
Programme (NACP) is being implemented available evidences on HIV epidemic in the
across the country by the National AIDS state have shown a declining prevalence
Control Organization (NACO) in a response among general population.
to the epidemic. a. Positivity from ICTCs:
NACP, launched in 1992, is being Percent Positivity among Pregnant women
implemented as a comprehensive programme being tested at APSACS’s facilities has gone
for prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in down from 1.2% in 2007 to 0.50 % in 2010.
the state by Andhra Pradesh State AIDS Similarly, absolute number of positive
Control Society (APSACS). Improved pregnancies identified among tested has gone
understanding of the complex HIV epidemic down from 7284 in 2007 to 3513 in 2010. In
has enabled substantial changes to be made in other words, while there were almost 607
the policy frameworks and approaches of positive pregnant women detected every
NACP. The focus has shifted from raising month in 2007, currently detecting is only
awareness to behaviour change, from a 352 positive pregnant women every month.
national response to a more decentralised This is despite of tremendous scale up of
response and to increasing involvement of testing facilities in the length and breadth of

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the state and subsequent increasing in population i.e. among FSWs (11.4%), MSMs
uptake of services. In 2007, there were (23.6%) and IDUs (6.9%). The increase was
almost 677 centers testing 6.28 lakh pregnant particularly alarming among MSMs (from
women while it was tested 7.70 lakh pregnant 17% in 2007 to 23.6% in 2008-09).
women in 10 months of year 2010 through Response towards the Epidemic:
1183 testing facilities. Andhra Pradesh State AIDS Control Society
Though it’s complicated to attribute VCTC (APSACS) has been formed in 1998 as per
data to a particular group, more or less same the guidelines of the National AIDS Control
trend has been demonstrated among general Organization, Govt. of India.
clients being tested at ICTC centers. In 2007, I.Prevention Activities:
almost 9.19 lakh tests among general clients a. Targeted Interventions:
were tested with 94098 positive results (% The primary focus of prevention activities to
Positive 10.24%). In 2010, almost 10.7 lakh prevent the transmission of HIV virus among
HIV testing was done among general clients High Risk Groups viz., Female Sex
with 63447 positive results (% positive Workers,(FSWs), Men having Sex with Men
5.91%) till October ’10. (MSM), Intravenous drug users(IDUs),
b. HIV Sentinel Surveillance (HSS): truckers and migrants. For this, 138 Targeted
HSS is the traditional source of tracking the Interventions are in operation in the state
epidemic in the state among various risk covering about 2,50,000 high risk group and
groups. In Andhra Pradesh, HSS is currently bridge populations. The coverage for the
being conducted among Ante Natal Clients tragetted population has been streamlined
(ANCs), Female Sex Workers (FSWs), Men with upscale and realignment of interventions
having sex with Men (MSMs), Intravenous based on a revised mapping of the High Risk
drug Users (IDUs) and Long Distance Groups in the state. The HRGs are covered
Truckers (LDTs). by NGOs supported by APSACS as well as
Risk group 2006 2007 2008/ the State Lead Partners which are in turn
09 2010 funded by International Donor Agencies like
1.26 1.00 1.00 0.75* BMGF.
Antenatal The package of services provided to the
woman
STD Patients 24.4 17.2 -
targeted population for prevention of HIV are
Female Sex 7.32 9.74 11.4 correct and consistent use of condom, STI
workers (FSWs) management through NGO run, private
Men Sex 10.25 17.04 23.36 practitioners and Govt. hospitals run STI
men(MSM) clinics, enabling environment through
*Preliminary advocacy, extension of HIV testing services
at ICTC and ART. To strengthen the program
According to the 2008 HIV sentinel other need based support for social
surveillance, mean HIV prevalence among entitlements, community organisations and
the 20,800 pregnant women seeking antenatal capacity building support is also extended.
care who were tested in 52 designated Link workers scheme, focused on covering
sentinel sites was 1.22%, slightly higher than scattered High Risk group (HRGs) in rural
the 1.08% of 2007 among the same sentinel areas is being implemented in six districts of
sites. HSS round 2010 is currently being Guntur, Medak, Karimnagar, East Godavari,
conducted among ANC in state. Almost 62% Khammam, and Nizamabad through the two
of the samples have been tested and results partners, viz., UNICEF and CCF.
are indicative of significant decline (mean b. IEC, Social Mobilization and
positivity - 0.83% preliminary figures). Mainstreaming:
Median positivity among ANC clients was Information, Education and Communication
1% in 2007 as well as in 2008. (IEC) campaigns like AASHA, Be Bold, and
HSS 2008-09 indicated an increasing trend of now “Mee Nestam” were held to create
HIV prevalence among high risk groups awareness and bring behaviour change to

161
prevent the HIV transmission. These to increase the Facility Integrated ICTCs at
campaigns have yielded results with PHCs and ICTCs under Public Private
Behaviour Sentinel Surveillance 2006 which Partnership. Nearly 8.3 lakh general clients
indicates that more than 90% of people in AP and 6 lakh pregnant women were tested in
have become aware of HIV/AIDS. However, 2010-11 (till Nov’10) and 51600+ positives
the challenge is to translate the awareness (49,007 general and 2,691 pregnant) were
into behaviour change. identified. Mother baby pair coverage with
• An electronic media campaign was prophylaxis dose of Nevirapine has been as
conducted on satellite news channels in high as 85% in 2010-11 (till November’10).
the months of April-May 2009 d. STD Clinics:
• Regular weekly special programs –Mee As people with Sexually Transmitted
Nestam on Prasar Bharathi net work Diseases (STDs) are more vulnerable for
(Three on Radio-AIR and One live phone HIV infection, 85 STD clinics run by Govt.
in on DD-Saptagiri-Terrestrial ) are supported by APSACS with training of
• Every day 10 villages/spots being doctors and medicines. In addition, 85
covered through IEC vans equipped with counselors were also placed in these clinics.
audio visual tools and kalajatha troupes 100 more STD clinics are being started in
• Adequate Audio Visual materials Govt. Hospitals. 15 more DSRCs clinics in
supplied to all the service provisioning the government set up are under progress.
points During the year 2010-11, so far 4.33 lakh
• Massive outdoor infrastructure developed visits are made while 1.41 lakh episodes are
at important government sites ( 750 treated. There has been significant increase in
hoardings and 3000 small boards (erected service up-take from previous years.
at Mandal level govt. offices) However, increasing access to STD/RTI
• District health functionaries working with services and ensuring that the data reported is
ADMHO (A&L) trained on IEC still a concern.
• Mainstreaming initiatives in APSRTC as A proposal to strengthen the STD services
ABHAYA, in Prisons as RAKSHA, with provision for Syndromic case
women and child welfare as Jagruti, management drugs through NRHM has been
started. Mainstreaming with education, submitted. Training of the doctors in
panchayat raj Departments being held. PHCs/CHCs on STI/RTI services is being
• AEP and RRC for youth taken up, and it is now proposed to complete
• Targeted Condom Social Marketing the training of the health care providers on
Program for increasing access and Syndromic Case Management of STIs/RTIs.
promotion e. Blood Safety:
• Activities in tribal areas with ITDA To prevent the HIV infection through
department to mainstream prevention infected blood and blood products, blood
programme in ITDA areas. safety programme has been taken up. There
An intensive and aggressive campaign is held are at present 232 licensed and active blood
from December 2010 focusing on behavior banks of which there are 105 NACO
change of people having high risk behavior, supported blood banks which are provided
particularly males. with support of test kits, consumables and
c. Integrated Counselling and Testing blood bags. 19 Blood component separation
Centers: units, 76 blood storage centres have also
Voluntary counseling and testing to know started functioning. 2 model blood (IPM and
HIV status and subsequent linkages of SVRR) banks have also been started. During
positive with other services is being delivered 2010-11, about 3.86 lakh units of blood have
through 677 ICTCs (including 266 NPs), 18 been collected till October’10 (79%
mobile ICTCs, 264 Facility Integrated ICTC Voluntary Blood Donation) which is 80% of
in 24 Hr PHC’s and 222 Private sector health our annual target of 4.85 lakh units.
facilities under PPP. Efforts are being made It is now proposed under NRHM –NACP

162
 convergence to start new Blood Component Plans and programmes have aimed at
Separation Units, this year and strengthen the women’s advancement in different spheres.
existing Blood banks. Capturing data from From the Fifth Five Year Plan (1974-78)
the Private Blood Banks is still a concern. onwards there is a shift in the approach to
women’s issues from welfare to
II. Care, Support and Treatment ART development. Access of women particularly
Centres: those belonging to weaker sections, in the
With the introduction of Anti Retroviral rural areas and in the informal, unorganized
Therapy treatment, life span of the PLHAs sector – to education, health and productive
has been increased. As per NACO guidelines, resources.
all HIV +ve people are registered for Pre- Similarly, child development is the best way
ART and their blood samples are tested for to develop the national human resources. The
CD4 cell count. Depending on the clinical National Charter for Children notified in the
conditions and CD4 cell count, the PLHAs year 2004 reveals the commitment to
are provided with ART medicines. At present children’s rights to survival, health and
there are 43 ART centres (including 2 in nutrition, standard of living, play and leisure,
private sector) with more than 2.92 lakh early childhood care, education, protection of
people on Pre-ART and about 79,900 on the girl child, empowering adolescents etc.
ART treatment. In addition there are 73 link All out efforts are being made for the
ART centres started to dispense the drugs. development and welfare of children through
various development and welfare measures.
Community Care Centres: Women Development and Child Welfare
PLHAs require a care continuum and support Department looks after the following
for treatment for opportunistic infections and activities:
short stay. To provide these services, there  Management of the Institutions for the
are 34 Community Care Centres supported Welfare of Women and Children in need.
by NACO, 34 centres supported by State  Implementation of the ICDS Programme
Govt, including 6 Temporary Hospitalization universalized throughout the State with
Wards. More than 1,05,000 PLHAs have 385 ICDS Projects covering all Mandals.
utilized the services of the CCCs during the  Takes care of the Social, Legal and
year 2010-11 up to October 2010. Empowerment issues relating to Women
All these efforts have resulted in bringing the and Children.
prevalence of HIV from 2% in 2004 to 1% in In each erstwhile Block, one ICDS Project is
2008. The prevalence is expected to go below functioning, headed by CDPO. The CDPO is
less than 1% in year 2010 among ANC in-charge of implementation of all ICDS
clients for the first time in HIV/AIDS Services, Social and Empowerment issues,
intervention in the state. welfare of Women and Children in 3 to 4
Mandals in the Project area assisted by 5 to 8
*** Supervisors depending on number of AWCs
WOMEN DEVELOPMENT AND sanctioned in the Project. At each Village,
CHILD WELFARE one or more AWCs are functioning.
Programmes and Schemes:
8.11 Women’s perspectives are integral in
I. Institutions:
designing and implementing macro-
The Department is running 106 Institutions
economic and social policies by
for Children and 34 Institutions for Women
institutionalizing their participation in such
processes. The principle of gender equality is to cater to the needs of Children and Women
in difficult circumstances.
enshrined in the Indian Constitution. The
Women Institutions:
Constitution not only grants equality to
Service Homes:
women, but also empowers the State to adopt
measures of positive discrimination in favour Five Service Homes are functioning in the
of women. state i.e., at Kannapuram (West Godavari

163
District), Nellore, Anantapur, Warangal and for a maximum period of 5 years.
Hyderabad. At present, there are 451 inmates Working Women's Hostels:
as against the sanctioned strength of 805. 16 Hostels are functioning in the State with
These Homes are meant for rehabilitation of 912 inmates at present, as against the
socially and economically deprived sanctioned strength of 890. These Hostels
categories of Women in the age group of 18- provide food, shelter and security to the
35 years. The inmates are provided necessary Middle Class working Women. Those who
training for skill upgradation in various earn monthly income of less than Rs.5,000/-
trades and condensed courses for appearing are eligible for admission in Class ‘A’ cities
in 7th and 10th Class. Food, Shelter, Clothing and Rs.4,500/- are eligible for admission in
and Medical Care is provided in the Home. other cities and towns. The inmates
State Homes: contribute mess charges and other
Four State Homes are functioning in the state administrative expenditure i.e., Water and
i.e., at Srikakulam, Rajahmundry, Electricity charges.
Mahabubnagar and Hyderabad with 122 Smt. Durgabai Women's Technical
inmates as against the sanctioned strength of Training Institute:
300. These Homes are meant for Women The Institute is located at Ameerpet,
discharged from correctional Institutions and Hyderabad. The institute provides Diploma
Women who are unable to protect courses in Civil, Architecture, Computer and
themselves. Food, Shelter and Clothing is Electronics, Instrumentation Courses. The
provided besides imparting training in students are selected by the Director of
various trades for self-employment, wage Technical Education through the Common
employment / job employment. Entrance Test. Sanctioned strength is 60 each
in Civil and Architecture Courses and 40
Rescue Home:
each in Computer and Electronics and
One Rescue Home is functioning in
Hyderabad with 23 inmates as against the Instrumentation Courses.
sanctioned strength of 30. Women who are Children Institutions:
rescued by the Police and are facing trial in Children Homes:
the court are given shelter during the trial There are 81 Children Homes functioning in
period. They are provided Shelter, Food, the State. The sanctioned strength of each
Clothing, Medical and Training in skill Home is 60. As against the total sanctioned
development. strength of 5,330, there are 5,176 children
Homes for Aged: admitted.
For overall improvement of Children’s
There are two Homes functioning in the State knowledge, certain innovative schemes were
i.e., at Hyderabad and Chittoor with 57 introduced in Children Homes viz.,
inmates at present, against the sanctioned Computer Training / Sports, Yoga / Special
strength of 60 (30 each). These Homes Coaching for 6th to 10th Classes / Bul Buls
provide peaceful and comfortable living for and guides, training in creative arts etc.
the Old destitute Women of above 60 years Up to 2007-2008, the Diet charges are
of age with Food, Shelter and clothing. provided to child @ of Rs.338/- per month
Homes for Collegiate Girls: upto 7th class and @ Rs.412/- per month per
boarder from 8th to 10th class. The Diet
There are 6 Homes functioning in the State charges have been enhanced on par with
i.e., at Vizianagaram, Tanuku, Guntur, Social Welfare Department in June, 2008 @
Tirupati, Warangal and Hyderabad with 232 Rs.475/- per child upto 7th class and @
inmates at present, as against the sanctioned Rs.535/- per month per child for students
strength of 250. Inmates of Children Homes form 8th to 10th class.
who passed 10th Class and in 15-25 years age Sishuvihar / Sisugruhas:
group are admitted in these Homes to pursue In the Sishuvihars and Sisugruhas,
higher studies and they are allowed to stay abandoned infants and orphans below six

164
years of age are admitted. The Children of Hyderabad.
Sishuvihar are being given for legal adoption
to Childless couples. There are two II. Integrated Child Development Services
Sishuvihars in the State. One at Hyderabad (ICDS)
and the other at Chittoor. The sanctioned The ICDS Scheme is a centrally sponsored
strength of each Sishuvihar is 30. The scheme and is the single largest integrated
Sishuvihar, Hyderabad is accommodating programme of Child Development. It was
more than 200 Children at a time irrespective started in1975-76 in 2 Blocks of the State on
of sanctioned strength. The present strength a pilot basis. The concept of Universalization
in Sisuvihar Chittoor is 15. There are 23 of ICDS with quality and the revised norms
sanctioned Sisugruhas. During 2010 (upto of AWCS / ICDS in April, 2007 increased
Nov.), 217 Children are given for adoption the spread of ICDS. The details of ICDS
for Childless couple. Projects and Anganwadi centres are shown in
Table 8.19.
Government of India Grant-in-Aid Table 8.19
Schemes: ICDS Projects and Anganwadi Centres
The Department of Women and Child ICDS Projects Anganwadi
Development, Government of India, have Peri centres
formulated schemes for the development of od Tot Urb Rur Tri Mai Mini Tot
al an al bal n al
Women and Children for improving their Up to 363 34 300 29 56539 4211 60750
overall quality of life. The schemes are 2005
implemented through NGO’s, Corporations By 385 56 300 29 73944 7620 81564
2008
etc. The details of schemes, for which
By 387 58 300 29 80481 10826 91307
financial assistance is given by Women and 2010
Child Welfare Department, Government of Source:Women Development & Child Welfare Department
India are:
Services Provided by ICDS Scheme
Short Stay Homes for Women and Girls: o Supplementary Nutrition to 6 months to 6
The Home provides counseling and guidance, years aged children, Pregnant and
Medical and Psychiatric check-up and Lactating Mothers.
treatment, development of skills and o Immunization to Children and Women.
rehabilitation to women and girls in moral o Health check-ups to Children and
danger, family discord, emotional Women.
disturbances etc. The total Short Stay Homes o Referral services to Children and
in the State are 40. The sanctioned strength Women.
of each Home is 30. o Nutrition and Health Education to
Mothers and Adolescent Girls.
Swadhar Shelter Homes for Women in o Non-formal Pre-School Education to 3-6
Difficult Circumstances years Children.
The Scheme for Women in difficult Supplementary Nutrition Programme:
circumstances aims at covering primary Supplementary Nutrition Programme is being
needs of shelter, food, clothing and care implemented in 385 ICDS Projects covering
besides emotional support, counseling and a 73,944 Main Anganwadi Centers and 7,620
package for rehabilitation and reintegration Mini AWCs. SNP programme will be taken
specifically for the Women and girls rescued up soon in the newly sanctioned 2 ICDS
from trafficking. projects. At present the coverage of
The Home strength is ranging from 50 - 200 beneficiaries under SNP component is 76
beneficiaries. 32 Swadhar Shelter Homes are (average by saturation) for 1,000 population.
sanctioned. Out of these, 31 Homes are run As per the Government of India revised cost
by NGO’S and 1 Home is under the control norms, the state government has increased
of Women Development and Child Welfare, the rates from Rs.2/- to Rs.4/-, Rs.2.30/- to

165
Rs.5/- and Rs.2.70 to Rs.6/- to the children, is provided to nutritionally backward
Pregnant & Lactating Mothers and districts. The programme is being
malnourished children respectively. implemented in two districts of Adilabad and
57,72,144 Beneficiaries are covered under Mahabubnagar in the State. Selection of
SNP during 2010-11. The following food beneficiaries will be done in grama-Sabhas
models are implemented under SNP. on the basis of weight monitoring on
Modified Therapeutic Food: quarterly basis.
The A.P. Foods (Govt. undertaking) prepares Each undernourished Adolescent Girl below
35 Kgs weight would be provided 6 kgs rice
and distributes the food in 229 ICDS
per month. If any beneficiary crosses the
Projects.
cutoff point, they will be out of this
The Modified Therapeutic Food is being
supplied to the age group of 6 months to 3 programme.
years children. Modified Therapeutic Food The beneficiaries covered under the scheme
for the year 2009-10 is 2,15,028 in Adilabad
contains Roasted Wheat Flour, Sugar, Full
and 1,57,767 in Mahabubnagar district.
Fat Soya Flour, Vanaspathi and Fortified
As per the GOI guidelines, the NPAG
with Vitamins, Minerals. 110 grams of food
is being given to children as Take Home Scheme has been revised and a new Scheme
Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of
Ration and it contains 490 K.Cal and 14
Adolescent Girls (RESEAG) – SABALA is
grams of protein and Double ration is being
introduced.
provided to malnourished children.
Under this Scheme, Supplementary Nutrition
Hot Cooked Food:
Instant Hot Food Mixes i.e., Upma Mix, will be provided to the age group of 11-14
Years - for out-of-school AGs in this age-
Halwa Mix and Kichidi Mix is being
group as school-going 11 to 14 year-olds are
provided to the ICDS beneficiaries to the age
covered under the Mid-Day Meal (MDM)
group of 3 to 6 years children and Pregnant
& Lactating mothers. Scheme. All Girls of 15-18 Years - regardless
Local Food Model: of whether they are out-of-school or school-
going, would be given Supplementary
Local Food Model implemented in 154 ICDS
Nutrition since this age-group is not covered
Projects with a view to enhance the
under the MDM Scheme.
community ownership of the SNP and also to
improve the quality and acceptability of SNP Each Adolescent Girl will be given at least
by the beneficiaries. Hot Pongal, Broken 600 Calories and 18-20 grms Protein (Take
Home Ration or Hot Cooked Meal) and
Wheat Kichidi and Snack Food with required
recommended daily intake of micronutrients
calories of Protein are provided.
per day at Rs.5/- per day per beneficiary per
Community Managed SNP (CMSNP):
The Community Managed SNP has been 300 days in a year. The scheme is
started to enhance the targeted community implemented in the pattern of 50:50 State and
Central Government. The Scheme will be
ownership of the SNP component of ICDS in
implemented in Seven Districts i.e.,
collaboration with CARE A.P in 4 ICDS
Mahabubnagar, Chittoor, Adilabad,
Projects in 2002 i.e., Siricilla, Vemulawada,
Kunavaram and Tirupati. At present the Visakhapatnam, West Godavari, Ananthapur
and Hyderabad during 2010-11.
CMSNP is being implemented in two ICDS
Projects i.e., Sircilla and Vemulawada of
Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment
Karimnagar District. Mothers committees
of Adolescent Girls(AGs)- (SABALA)
prepare food and supply to the A.W. Centers.
They are supplying Jowar Mix containing Objectives of the Scheme :
• Enable self-development and
Jowar, Groundnuts, Roasted Chenna and
empowerment of AGs;
Sugar.
• Improve their nutrition and health status;
Nutrition Progamme for Adolescent Girls
(NPAG) • Spread awareness among them about
Under National Nutrition Mission, assistance health, hygiene, nutrition, Adolescent

166
 Reproductive and Sexual Health (ARSH), To make pre-school more effective,
and family and child care; orientation training programmes are
• Upgrade their home-based skills, life conducted and trained all 2,200 Supervisors,
skills and vocational skills; 400 CDPOs, 23 PDs and 6 RDDs on
• Mainstream out-of-school AGs into implementation of curriculum at AWCs.
formal/non formal-education; and Arranged demo classes and involved 60
• Inform and guide AGs about existing AWTCs and 4 MLTCs Instructors to make
public services, such as PHC, CHC, Post the orientation session more effective.
Office, Bank, Police Station, etc. 20.10 lakh Children are attending Pre-school
Services under the Scheme : Education activities in Anganwadi Centres.
• Supplementary nutrition (Non School New Girl Child Protection Scheme 2005:-
going AGs 11-15 years and All AGs of Objectives of the Scheme:
16-18 years) • To eliminate prejudice against the girl
• IFA supplementation; child through direct investment from the
• Health check-up and referral; Government.
• Nutrition and health education; • To encourage enrolment of the girl child
• Counselling/guidance on family welfare, in school and to ensure her education at
ARSH, childcare practices and home least up to the Intermediate level.
management; • To encourage girls to get married only
• life skills education and accessing public after the age of 18 years (which is the
services; and prescribed statutory limit).
• Vocational training (for girls aged 16 • To encourage parents to adopt family
years and above). planning norms with two girl children.
Early Childhood Care and Education • To provide social and financial
(ECCE): empowerment to the girl child.
The main objective of this Programme is to • Eliminate all forms of discrimination
cater to the needs of the development of against the girl child.
Children in the age group of 3-6 years. Pre- • Eliminate negative cultural attitudes and
School Education aims at ensuring holistic practices against girls.
development of the Children and to provide
• Promote and protect the rights of the girl
learning environment to Children which is
child and increase awareness of her needs
conducive for promotion of social,
and potential.
emotional, cognitive and aesthetic
• Eliminate discrimination against girls in
development of the Child.
education and provide skill development
The Pre-school activities strengthen the Child
and training.
to get ready for primary school education
with required skills to perform as a better • Eliminate discrimination against girls in
candidate for school entry and also better health and nutrition.
performance for regular attendance in school. • Strengthen the role of the family in
It aims at improving school enrollment and improving the status of the girl child.
school retention in rural areas, relieve the Salient Features:
older sibling mostly girls from the burden of 1. Families having undergone Family
Child care and enable her to attend school Planning operation with annual
and to prepare the Children to adjust to income below Rs.20,000/- per annum for
formal school going. Rural areas and Rs.24,000/- per annum
The Pre-school material like Story cards, for Urban areas and having single girl
charts, indoor and outdoor play material, child from 0-3 years of age will be
color concept, puzzles, school readiness kit, given first priority. Among these
Activity kits etc., are supplied to all the categories, preference shall be given to
Anganwadi Centers every year at a cost of the victims of atrocities of trafficking and
Rs.600/- per AWC as per GOI norms. prostitution.

167
2. Second priority will be for families to, XII class to be eligible for the
having two-girl children out of which the benefit under GCPS.
age of the second girl child should not be These shall apply to all girl children
more than 3 years. including Orphans, Destitute and Disabled
3. The age of the child on the date of girls. In case of abandoned orphan children,
application shall be the criterion the head of the institutions based on a
for determining the eligibility of the child Medical Certificate shall ensure the birth
for the benefit under the Scheme. registration is completed. In case the caste is
4. In case of single girl child she is entitled unknown, the caste of all such children shall
to receive Rs.1.00 lakh after completion be recorded as “Casteless”.
of 20 years of age. Special Dispensation for Disabled Girls:
5. In case of two girl children, both of them 1. Differently abled girls will include
are entitled to receive Rs.30,000/- each mentally challenged girls as per the
after completion of 20 years of age. criteria of disability as prescribed by the
6. The girl child is entitled to receive Government from time to time.
Rs.1200/- per annum as scholarship from 2. All such disabled girls who have not
9th to 12th class. crossed 18 years of age as on MAY, 2008
7. Risk coverage for life insurance of the will be eligible for the benefits under
girl child will commence from the age of GCPS. The benefit of “Jana Sree Bhima
3 years. Yojana” and “Siksha Sahyog Yojana”
8. Special Dispensation for Orphans and Scheme as per eligibility will be
Destitutes: applicable as per guidelines of existing
1. ‘Orphan’ defines a girl child not GCPS.
having both parents. Destitute will 3. The condition of Formal Education is
mean girl child from a BPL Family relaxable in respect of Disabled girls,
not having either of the parents or who are born before May, 2005. Those
trafficked girls etc., forsaken by their girls who do not pursue education beyond
family/parents. 8th class will naturally not be eligible for
2. All such destitutes or orphans who Education Scholarships.
have not crossed 18 years as on May 4. Therefore, all differently abled born after
2008 will be eligible for the benefits May, 2005 shall necessarily have to be
under Girl Child Protection Scheme. enrolled in a school and continued upto
The benefit of “Jana Shree Bhima XII class to be eligible for the benefit
Yojana” and “Shiksha Sahyog under GCPS.
Yojana” as per eligibility will be Relaxation of Education, Income & Girl
applicable as per guidelines of Sibling Conditions for Severely Disabled
existing Girl Child Protection Girls:
Scheme.
3. The condition of formal education 1. Those who pursue education after 8th
will be relaxed in respect of orphans, class will be eligible for the scholarships
destitutes and differently abled girls, under Shiksha Sahyog Yojana as
who are born before May, 2005. prescribed under Girl Child Protection
Those girls who do not pursue Scheme.
education beyond 8th class will 2. Those girls whose disability is more than
naturally not be eligible for education 80% shall accordingly be eligible for the
scholarships. benefits under Girl Child Protection
4. Therefore, all destitutes orphans & Scheme provided the income of their
differently abled girls born after May, Parents / Guardian from all sources does
2005 shall also necessarily be not exceed Rs.1.00 lakh per annum. This
enrolled in a school and continue up is a special dispensation only to severely
differently abled girls.

168
3. In respect of severely Disabled Girls come into effect from 25th, October, 2006.
(more than 80% disability) the condition • 104 Protection Officers Appointed.
of the Girl Child being either single or • 50 Shelter Homes identified.
two girls alone shall not apply. A Girl • 72 Service Providers Registered.
with one or two male siblings will also be • 6431 Cases Booked and DIRs Filed.
eligible for the benefit of Girl Child • 645 Interim Orders and 1672 Final
Protection Scheme. Orders Pronounced.
4. Separate guidelines issued on the mode of • 2 Counselors, 2 Home-Guards and One
payments of maturity amount of DEO Sanctioned for each district, One
Rs.30,000/- / Rs.1.00 lakh to the girls / Jr.Asst and One DEO Sanctioned at
girls child as case may be, on attaining Directorate of WD & CW Dept.
the age of 20 by the Government in
• The Registrar (Vigilance), High Court of
consultation with CEO, IKP (Self help
Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad has issued
Groups) etc.
instructions in 2009 to all the Principal
These relaxation / special dispensation may
District and Sessions Judges in the State
be extended to orphans / destitutes differently
and Metropolitan Sessions Judge,
abled girls as specified supra, subject to all
Hyderabad to fix a day in a week or
other conditions being continued at present.
fortnight to each Court to take up the
Additional conditions for eligibility under
cases filed under PW DV Act-2005. In
GCPS for all girls w.e.f., June, 2008.
Fifteen districts day has been fixed.
1. All girl children born after June, 2008 Initiatives under Anti-Trafficking:
shall have to register their Birth under • 34 Swadhar Homes are sanctioned by
RBD (Registration of Birth & Death), GOI to ensure rehabilitation of
Act. VOCSETs (Victims of Commercial
2. All girl children born after June, 2008 Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking)
should complete the immunization as per • 842 VOCSETs are provided vocational
schedule. trainings in various trades along with job
Details of Girls benefited under the Scheme placements, 799 VOCSETs are reunited
are shown in Table 8.20. with their families and 84 VOCSETs are
Table 8.20 re-married and mainstreamed to society.
Girl Child Protection Scheme • 35,012 Balika Mandals have been formed
No. of Beneficiaries to create awareness on Anti-Trafficking
Year Single issues and 31,465 Community Vigilant
Two Girl Total
Girl Groups have been formed to prevent
2005-06 4914 33980 38894 trafficking of women and children at
2006-07 7269 76801 84070 village level.
Construction of AWC Buildings:
2007-08 6683 86183 92866
• 17321 AWC Buildings are constructed
2008-09 4684 62693 67377
during the last 10 years with World Bank
2009-10 5738 80182 85920
assistance and 15% general funds of Zilla
2010-11 3982 28913 32895
(uptoOctober) Parishad.
Total 33270 368752 402022 • 1976 AWC Buildings are sanctioned with
Source: Directorate of Women Development & assistance of NABARD under RIDF-XIV
Child Welfare during 2007-08.

III. Domestic Violence Act 2005 and • 2,500 AWC Buildings sanctioned with an
Rules 2006 (Central Act No. 43 of 2005): outlay Rs.100.00 Crores during 2009-
Initiatives by Government Andhra 2010.
Pradesh: • 1384 AWC Buildings are sanctioned
The protection of Women from Domestic under NABARD RIDF-XVI during the
Violence, Act-2005 and Rules 2006 has year 2010-11.

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• 11943 buildings are sanctioned under The Pre-School activities strengthen the child
BRGF from 2007-08 to 2010-11 and to get ready for primary school education
work is under progress. with required skills to perform as a better
• 81 Model AWC Buildings are taken up candidate for school entry and also better
by the Department during the year 2009- performance for regular attendance in school.
10. Work is under progress. It aims at improving school enrolment and
Initiatives: school retention in rural area, relieve the
To reach Millennium Development Goals, a older sibling mostly girls from the burden of
State Plan of Action for children “Ensuring child care and enable her to attend school and
Child wellbeing 2007–2010 is prepared. The to prepare the children to adjust to formal
objectives set for reducing the IMR, CMR & school going.
MMR are: The Pre-School material like Kanjeera
1. Universalization of Integrated Child (Daphli), Story Books, Conversational
Development Services through out the Charts, Sequential Cards, Indoor Games –
state. Fish Pond and Fishes (3 Sets of Fishes for
2. Ensure 100% Cholostrum feeding within Alphabets in Local Language i.e., Telugu,
1 hr. English and numbers from 1-10) and Flash
3. Ensure 100% awareness on best infant Cards on Alphabets and numbers are
and young child feeding practices. supplied to all AWCs every year at a cost of
4. Ensure management of neonatal and Rs.1000/- per Main AWC and per Mini
childhood illnesses. AWCs as per GOI norms.
5. Universalizing Immunization to all Important achievements during 2009-10
children < 2 yrs. 1. 20,10,000 children covered under Pre-
6. Improving the Nutrition status of School Education.
Pregnant and Nursing Mothers and 2. 5,12,630 children were admitted in the
Young Girls. primary schools by the Anganwadi
7. Improving the standards of Growth Centres under the school readiness
Monitoring according to new WHO programme.
growth standards. 3. A.P.State is the only State who have
Strategy developed and launched an activity based
1. ICDS Services taken up through Pre-school curriculum during 2009-10 to
Campaign Mode to reach the unreached promote holistic development in children.
and Vulnerable communities (Nov. 08 to 4. To stabilize Pre-School Education,
Dec.09). syllabus for 11 months i.e., from June to
2. Intensive training on Infant and Young April is developed in 3 volumes.
Child Feeding Practices and Early 5. Detailed guidelines for conducting Pre-
Childhood Education and creating School activities are evolved.
awareness to family members. 6. Orientation programmes are conducted
3. Attempts to improve monitoring and and trained 2200 Supervisors, 400
accountability through accreditation and CDPOs, 23 PDs and 6 RDDs in July
technical support. 2009 and August 2009 and 70,000
Pre-School Education AWWs and AWHs are trained during
The main objective of this programme is to 2008-09 and 2009-10 through 70
cater to the needs of the development of the Training Centres.
children in the age group of 3-6 years Pre- 7. Introduced Pre-school Certificate from
School Education aims at ensuring holistic 2009 with Date of Birth for children
development of the children and to provide leaving AWC and getting admissions into
learning environment to children which is Primary Schools.
conducive for promotion of social, 8. Campaign approach to focus on
emotional, cognitive and aesthetic importance of ECE to the parents and
development of the child. other stakeholders and to ensure all the

170
 children of 3-5 years receive the ECE for offenders are placed on probation instead of
overall development is taken up during committing to the jails under Probation of
September to December 2009. Offenders Act, 1958. The Probation Officers
Achievements during the year 2010-11 visit often the probationers placed under their
1. Monthly Calendar of Activities on Pre- supervision for guiding and counselling
School Education communicated to all them. This is a preventive mechanism for
AWCs during August 2010. ‘Reversion to Crime’ and reduction with
2. Orientation Training on usage of Pre- constant guidance and counselling by the
School material is conducted to all District Probation Officers, thus reducing the
CDPOs and Supervisors at District Head crime rate in the society.
Quarters to improve Preschool activities
in AWsC. There are 29 District Probation Officers(Gr-
3. Grading Anganwadi Centers basing on I) and 40 Gr-II (including 8 Intake Probation
their capabilities and there by identify Officers), having quasi-judicial functions, for
their training needs. implementation of Probation of offenders
4. For immediate access to information and Act, 1958 and their work is supervised by 8
analysis of data GMIS Monitoring is Regional Inspectors of Probation at
introduced in Hyderabad, Kurnool and Hyderabad District and Rural, Warangal,
Vizianagaram Districts and proposed to Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Nellore,
scale up to all Districts. Anantapur and Chittoor. The Probation work
5. Prepared the Basic Data of 80,000 AWCs is reviewed and monitored by Chief
and AWWs & AWHs and kept on Probation Superintendent with the assistance
Website. of Asst. Chief Probation Superintendent
under the control of a Director.
***
JUVENILE WELFARE, Welfare of Street Children:
CORRECTIONAL SERVICES & The Street Children is fairly an urban
WELFARE OF STREET CHILDREN phenomenon in recent times. Government
Juvenile Welfare: of India evolved a central scheme of welfare
of street children in 1994 for taking up the
8.12 The department endeavour to street children programmes by voluntary
undertake necessary steps for all round sector. Government of India provides 90 %
development and rehabilitation of ‘Children of the grant and 10 % is to be borne by the
in need of care and protection’ (orphans, voluntary organization.
destitute, neglected, street children, victims Homes functioning under the Act:
etc.) ‘Juveniles in conflict with law’ (children Children Homes: 6 Children Home for Boys
who are alleged to have committed offence) are functioning at Hyderabad,
upto the age of 18 years by providing shelter, Visakhapatnam, Kadapa, Eluru, Tirupati and
care, protection, treatment, education, Warangal. The Homes are meant for
vocational skills etc., through 21 Homes run reception of ‘Children in need of Care &
across the State, as per the provisions of Protection’ for their care, treatment,
Juvenile Justice (Care & Protection of education, training, development and
Children) Act 2000 & AP Juvenile Justice rehabilitation.
(CPC) Rules 2003, r/w Amendment Act Special Homes: 3 Special Homes for Boys
2006. are functioning at Hyderabad,
Probation: Visakhapatnam and Tirupati for the juveniles
Indian law accepts the ‘Repentance” or ‘to who have sentenced by the Juvenile Justice
plead guilty’, request for exoneration of Boards.
lapses/crimes committed out of ignorance Girls Homes: Separate Homes for girls in
and first-time offenders and it has always the three categories (Special-cum-Children
been a part of judicial system. Such first Home and Observation Homes for Girls) are

171
 functioning at Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam with disabilities, institutional services and
and Tiruapti. supportive social security measures like un-
employment allowance, pensions etc., and
Observation Homes: 9 Observation Homes grievance redressal machineries both at the
for Boys are functioning at Hyderabad, Central and State levels. As per Census 2001
Nizamabad, Warangal, Visakhapatnam, the disabled population in Andhra Pradesh is
Vijayawada, Rajahmundry, Ananthapur, 13,64,991.
Kurnool and Tirupati for temporary reception To look after the welfare of disabled, an
of ‘juveniles in conflict with law’ during the independent Corporation in 1981 and a
pendency of inquiry. separate Department in the year 1983 were
During their stay in the above Homes they established in the state. The department is
are imparted training in vocational trades like working towards implementation of Persons
Computers, House Wiring, Welding, Motor with Disabilities Act, 1995 and National
Mechanism, Beautician, Tailoring, Trust Act, 1999 and ensures multi-sectoral
Embroidery, Carpentry etc. Need based cum coordination with various Government
career oriented trades such as Operating departments for Prevention, Early
Computers, Xerox, Fax, Public Address identification and detection, Education,
System and other job oriented trainings are Employment, Rehabilitation, Mainstreaming,
being imparted to the children. For this Networking and monitoring of Government
objective, vocational instructors were of India grant-in-aid projects of NGOs.
appointed on contract basis in the Homes.
Achievements
After Care Home: - One (1) After Care
• 2,791 posts were filled up due to
Home is functioning at Hyderabad for taking
extension of Special Recruitment Drive
care and giving guidance for the
for filling of the backlog vacancies
rehabilitation of juveniles/children after they
reserved for disabled up to 31.3.2010.
leave Special / Children home for enabling
• Action is taken for providing laptops to
them to lead a honest industrious and useful
visually challenged students as an
life.
assistive device for promoting access to
Non-Institutional Services: Child Guidance quality education and enhancing their
Bureau is functioning at Hyderabad and professional skills. Applications received
Secunderabad. It is meant for prevention of are being processed.
vagrancy and beggary in urban slum areas. It • Orthopaedically handicapped students
is a day care centre providing training in pursuing professional courses were given
vocational trades. The trainees are given direct loans for procuring motorized 3
stipend as an incentive for undergoing wheeler scooters treating them as
training. assistive devices.
• Andhra Pradesh is the only State in the
*** country to have update the D.Ed.,
curriculum incorporating the
DISABLED WELFARE requirements of children with special
needs to promote inclusive education
8.13 A comprehensive law namely,
w.e.f. 2009-2010.
Persons with Disabilities (Equal
Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full • As most of the disabilities could have
Participation) Act, 1995 has been enacted been avoided and can be prevented, the
and enforced in February, 1996. The law department has launched an Awareness
deals with both prevention and promotional Campaign to bring about behavioural
aspects of the rehabilitation such as change involving the department of
education, employment and vocational Women Development & Child Welfare,
training, creation of barrier free environment, department of Disabled Welfare and
provision of rehabilitation service for persons Senior Citizens, NGOs etc.

172
Programmes Implemented 3. Facilities to impart training in various
Education: technical and non-technical trades.
• Maintenance of 40 hostels and 3 homes 4. Organizing employment generation
with a sanctioned strength of 4,215. production units with assured market for
• 11 Residential Schools (6 for Hearing products.
Impaired and 5 for Visually Impaired) 5. Creating awareness among parents for
with a sanctioned strength of 1740. early detection and stipulation and
• 2 Residential Junior Colleges, one for treatment of various disabilities.
hearing impaired and another for
visually impaired with a sanctioned i) Rehabilitation and Supply of Prosthetic
strength of 60 each. Aids to Physically Handicapped:
• 6 KGBV schools for disabled girls. Under this scheme the A.P Vikalangula Co.
• A Training Centre to train the teachers of Operative Corporation is supplying Aids and
visually impaired persons is established Appliances ie., Tricycles, Wheel Chairs,
and functioning in Hyderabad. Crutches, Walking Sticks, Try Pods (Hand
Sticks), Calipers, Artificial Limbs and
• Tuition fee reimbursement to the students
Hearing Aids etc.,
studying Post metric courses.
ii) Sound Library:
• Sanction of pre and postmatric
Under this scheme, the A.P.Vikalangula
scholarships to 8,809 students studying
Cooperative Corporation is supplying Tape
1st to P.G. and Professional Courses
Recorders and cassettes with lessons
during 2009-10.
recorded for intermediate and above classes
• Sanction of scholarships to M.R. to visually disabled students for prosecution
Students. of their studies.
• Supply of Note Books to Hostel inmates. iii) Braille Press:
Social Security Under this scheme, the Corporation prints
• Sanction of subsidy of Rs.3000/- to the and supplies the braille books to school
disabled persons under Economic going visually disabled students from 1st
Rehabilitation Scheme - 2150 benefitted Class to 10th Class.
during 2009-10. iv) Investments in APVCC :
• Sanction of Incentive Awards for There are 12 T.C.P.Cs in the State which are
marriages between disabled and normal functioning to impart vocational training to
persons @ Rs.10,000/-. 324 persons were the disabled persons for skill development.
awarded during 2009-10. New training programmes i.e., offset
• Sanction of Petrol subsidy to the disabled printing, DTP, Motor winding, Journalism,
persons who are having motorized Cell Phone servicing, Computer training
vehicles. etc., have been continued through ITI and
A.P.Vikalangula Cooperative Corporation Non-ITI trades, and it is proposed to
The Corporation manages 14 TCPCs, 5 introduce new schemes like coaching for
ALMU centre, 8 Caliper Centres, 5 Hearing competitive examinations and creation of
Aid Centres, 1 Sound library and Braille cell for mobilizing the disabled persons for
Press in the State. In order to help the providing job opportunities in private and
disabled in their rehabilitation, the public sector.
Corporation has taken up the following v) Managerial Subsidy :
programmes: Managerial subsidy is provided for
1. Supply of Prosthetic Aids and Mobility Rehabilitation and supply of Prosthetic Aids,
Aids. Educational Aids and Investments (Training
2. Supply of Educational Aids to individuals Programme).
and institutions. ***

173
 BACKWARD CLASSES Hostels is shown in the Table 8.21
WELFARE
Table 8.21
8.14 Backward Classes population falls Results of X Class Students
under 135 communities pursuing traditional in B.C. Welfare Hostels
activities such as cattle and sheep rearing, Year Results in Hostels State Average
(%) (%)
toddy tapping, earth works, fishing, weaving, 2005 77.67 72.41
goldsmith, blacksmith, brass smith, 2006 77.75 73.16
carpentry, stone carving, laundry, pottery, oil 2007 78.36 71.65
pressing, basketry, hair dressing, tailoring 2008 83.32 75.47
and dyeing etc. 2009 85.46 78.82
Government is implementing several welfare, 2010 88.09 81.67
Source: Backward Classes Welfare Department
educational and economic development
programmes for the welfare of the Backward
classes people. The details of the Residential Schools:
programmes are - There are 45 B.C. Residential Schools (29 for
Boys and 16 for Girls) with a total strength of
Hostels: Hostels are providing free boarding 16,668 students functioning in the state.
and lodging to students belonging to Admitted strength during 2009-10 and 2010-
Bacward Classes and enabling them to 11 is 14,782 and 15,763 respectively.
pursue their Pre-Matric studies. At present,
there are 1,422 Govt. B.C. hostels, (1,102 Results of X Class Students in Residential
hostels for boys and 320 hostels for girls) Schools are shown in the Table 8.22.
Table 8.22
including 14 hostels for De-notified and Results of X Class Students
Nomadic Tribes. A total strength of 1,78,969 in B.C. Welfare Residential Schools
boarders were admitted in the B.C. hostels Year Results in Res. State Average
during 2009-10 and 1,70,511 have been Schools (%) (%)
admitted during 2010-11. All these hostels 2005 98.93 72.41
2006 99.60 73.16
have a combination of 76% Backward
2007 99.54 71.65
Classes, 10% Scheduled Castes, 5% 2008 99.24 75.47
Scheduled Tribes, 3% Minorities and 6% 2009 99.60 78.82
other castes for the purpose of Social 2010 99.84 81.67
Integration. Out of 1,422 hostels, 807 hostels Source:Backward Classes Welfare Department
are located in Government buildings. Out of
the remaining hostels, 136 buildings are Post-Matric Scholarships and
under construction under Matching Grant Reimbursement of Tuition Fee to BC
Programme and under Centrally Sponsored students
Scheme to provide a clean and healthy Post Matric Scholarships and Reimbursement
atmosphere to the boarders of hostels. Still of Tuition fee and Spl. Fee to all eligible BC
479 buildings are to be constructed. The Students are sanctioned on par with Social
boarders are provided with diet charges @ Welfare Dept., for category “A” students
Rs.475/- per month per boarder for III to VII from the year 2008-09. The income limit of
class, and Rs.535/- per month per boarder for Parents / Guardians of BC Students for
VIII to X class, besides cosmetics at the rate getting scholarships and other educational
of Rs.50/- per month for boys and Rs.55/- per benefits has been revised. The ceiling of
month for girls up to class VII and Rs.75/- Rs.33,500/- per annum for getting
per month for Girls from class VIII to X scholarships in non professional courses and
class. Boarders are also supplied Note Books the ceiling of Rs.44,500/- per annum for
and four pairs of dresses every year. obtaining scholarships in Professional
courses has been enhanced to Rs.1,00,000/-
Results of X Class Students in B.C. Welfare per annum for both professional and non

174
professional courses. Further, the scholarship AP Study Circles for BCs
rates have been enhanced on par with Social There are 15 BC Study Circles functioning in
Welfare and Tribal Welfare Departments. the State to provide free coaching facilities to
6,21,000 BC students were sanctioned Post eligible BC unemployed graduates and Post
Matric Scholarships during the year 2009-10 graduates, who are appearing for various
and 10,57,664 left over students of 2009-10 competitive examinations like Civil Services,
were sanctioned during 2010-11 upto State Group-I, Group-II and other
November 2010. Similarly, 7,41,000 BC examinations. From the year 2007-08, new
students have been sanctioned courses in the BPO sector have been started
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee during the in the AP Study Circles. Training in medical
year 2009-10 and 14,01,085 left over transcription and Computer animation skills
students of 2009-10 were sanctioned have been started in Hyderabad,
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee during the Visakhapatnam and Anantapur Study circles
year 2010-11 upto November 2010. for 60 students in each course and also
industrial automation course was started for
Post-Matric Scholarships and B.E., B.Tech and Diploma holders at
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee to EBC Hyderabad. 2952 students got benefit during
students the year 2009-10 and 3119 students were
benefited during the year 2010-11 upto
The scheme “EBC Post-Matric Scholarships
November 2010.
including reimbursement of tuition fees” has
The welfare schemes for providing self
been transferred from Higher Education
Department to Backward Classes Welfare employment to poor families belonging to
B.C. Community are being implemented
Department. All eligible EBC students within
through the following institutions which
the income ceiling of Rs. 1.00 lakh per
function under the control of B.C.Welfare
annum are sanctioned Post Matric
Scholarship and Fee Reimbursement. Department.
3,811 EBC students were sanctioned Post 1. A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
Finance Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad
Matric Scholarships during the year 2009-10.
2. A.P.Washermen Cooperative Societies
Similarly 1,76,000 EBC students have been
Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
sanctioned Reimbursement of Tuition Fee
during the year 2009-10 and 2,52,270 left 3. A.P. Nayee Brahmins Cooperative
over students of 2009-10 were sanctioned Societies Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
4. A.P.Vaddera Cooperative Societies
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee during the
Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
year 2010-11 upto November 2010.
5. A.P. Sagara (Uppara) Cooperative
College Girls Hostels Societies Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
To encourage the BC Girls to pursue higher 6. A.P.Valmiki/Boya Cooperative Societies
Federation Ltd., Hyderabad,
education, 300 new BC College girls’ hostels
7. A.P. Krishna Balija, Poosala Cooperative
have been sanctioned @ one in each
Societies Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
Assembly constituency in the State with a
sanctioned strength of 100 boarders per 8. A.P.Bhatraju Cooperative Societies
Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
hostel during the year 2008-09.
The schemes being implemented through
Out of 323 hostels (23 BC Girls Hostels were
each of the above institutions are furnished
permitted to be converted as College Girls
hereunder.
Hostels during the year 2005-06, but only 15
College Girls Hostels were converted and A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
300 College Girls Hostels were sanctioned Finance Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad
during 2008-09). 280 hostels have been
The A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
started upto November 2010 with an Finance Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad was
admitted strength of 13,327.
established in the year 1974 for the economic

175
upliftment of the Backward Classes in the Commercial Banks and 10% as Beneficiary
state. The Corporation is implementing the Contribution.
schemes of i) Margin Money and ii) Rajiv
Abhyudaya Yojana. From the year 2008-09 onwards, the scheme
is being implemented on the following
i) Margin Money (2010-11):
pattern by providing subsidy with link up of
Margin Money Scheme is aimed at providing
financial assistance to the B.C. beneficiaries loans from banks.
o Subsidy of 50% unit cost not exceeding
in the Activities under Agriculture and Allied Rs.30,000/- per beneficiary.
Sectors, Small Business and Industry, o 10% of the unit cost as beneficiary
Service and Transport Sectors. The scheme contribution.
was implemented upto the year 2007-08 with o 40% or balance unit cost as Bank Loan.
20% Margin Money from Corporation, 70% o The benefit of the scheme of “Pavala Vaddi”
Bank Loan and 10% Beneficiary as applicable to the Women Self Help Groups
Contribution. shall be extended to the bank loan component
From the year 2008-09 onwards, the scheme of the units grounded under this scheme.
is being implemented on the following
pattern as per the policy decision taken by the During the year 2010-11 (upto November,
Government to dispense with the system of 2010), 2500 beneficiaries have been covered
providing loan by the Corporations and to under Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana scheme with
implement the schemes by providing subsidy a total value of Rs.1000.00 lakhs, out of
with link up of loans from banks. which Rs. 500.00 lakhs is the subsidy
• Subsidy of 50% unit cost not exceeding provided by the corporation, Rs.400.00 lakhs
Rs.30,000/- per beneficiary. loan from the banks and Rs.100.00 lakhs
• 10% of the unit cost as beneficiary beneficiary contribution.
contribution. Schemes implemented through the 7
• 40% or balance unit cost as Bank Loan. Federations:
• The benefit of the scheme of “Pavala
A) Schemes for the benefit of individuals
Vaddi” as applicable to the Women Self families
Help Groups shall be extended to the
The only one scheme being implemented for
bank loan component of the units
the welfare of the individual families of
grounded under this scheme.
different communities covered by seven
During the year 2010-11 (upto November,
Federations is a common one and it is
2010), 2500 beneficiaries have been covered Financial Assistance Scheme. The pattern of
under Margin Money scheme with a total
the scheme is as follows:
value of Rs.500.00 lakhs, out of which Rs.
250.00 lakhs is the subsidy provided by the 1. It is implemented taking one society
corporation, Rs.200.00 lakhs loan from the comprising 15 members as one unit
banks and Rs.50.00 lakhs beneficiary 2. Subsidy of 50% unit cost not exceeding
contribution. Rs.75,000/- per society.
ii) Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana (2010-11): 3. 10% of the unit cost – Rs.15,000/- as
Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana scheme was beneficiary contribution.
launched during the year 2005-06 with the
aim to provide financial assistance to the 4. 40% or balance unit cost – Rs.60,000/- as
B.C.Artisans/ B.C.Occupational Groups in Bank Loan.
urban areas. The scheme is being 5. The benefit of the scheme of “Pavala
implemented for a period of five (6) years Vaddi” as applicable to the Women Self
from 2005-06 to 2010-11. Help Groups shall be extended to the
The scheme was implemented upto 2007-08 bank loan component of the units
with the funding pattern of 20% as Term grounded under this scheme.
Loan by the Corporation, 70% by the

176
 Financial Assistance is being provided by the Departments to earmark 16.2 % of their Plan
seven Federations for the year 2010-11 on Outlay i.e. in proportion to the SC population
the following pattern for each of the in the State, exclusively for the development
Federation: of SCs.
Rs.lakhs A Nodal Agency under the Chairmanship of
No.of Societies / beneficiaries 34 societies Hon’ble Minister (SW) and an Apex
Covered /510 Committee under the Chairmanship of
members
Hon’ble Chief Minister review the
Subsidy provided by the 25.00
Corporation allocations and expenditure under SCSP.
Loan from the Banks 20.00 The SCSP outlay for 2010-11 is Rs. 6131.39
Beneficiary Contribution 5.00 Crores.
Total value of assistance 50.00 Educational Programs:
B) Schemes for the benefit of community HOSTELS: During 2010-11, there are
Construction of Dhobighats is implemented 2,358 hostels (Boys 1,640 and Girls 718) in
through A.P.Washermen Cooperative the State with an intake of 2.46 lakhs.
Societies Federation with a unit cost of Government have enhanced the mess charges
Rs.2.00 lakhs comprising of Rs.1,80,000/- in Govt. Hostels from Rs.338/- p.m. to
Subsidy and Rs.20,000/- Beneficiary Rs.475/- p.m. for boarders up to 7th class and
Contribution. During the year 2010-11, from Rs.412/- p.m. to Rs.535/- p.m. for
assistance is being provided to 14 dhobighats boarders from 8th to 10th class from the
with a total cost of Rs.28.00 lakhs, out of academic year, 2008-09. The cosmetic
which Rs.25.20 lakhs is subsidy provided by charges given to hostel boarders are also
the corporation and Rs.2.80 lakhs is increased from Rs.22/- to Rs.50/- for boys
beneficiary contribution. and from Rs.40/- to Rs.75/- for girls. The
*** stitching charges are increased from Rs.20/-
per pair to Rs. 40/- per pair. Hair cut
SOCIAL WELFARE charges are increased from Rs.5/- to Rs.12/-.
The number of dresses supplied is increased
8.15 The Scheduled Caste Population in from 2 to 4 dresses per annum per boarder
Andhra Pradesh has increased from 105.92 from the year 2008-09. Government has also
1akhs in 1991 to123.39 lakhs in 2001 taken up construction of Integrated Welfare
registering a growth of 16.50 percent. As per Hostel Complexes (IWHC) to provide better
the Census 2001, the Scheduled Castes amenities including spacious rooms, kitchen
population forms 16.19 per percent of the gardens etc. 120 IWHCs were taken up in I
total population of Andhra Pradesh. More Phase. It is proposed to take up 454 such
than 82% of the Scheduled Caste people are IWHCs in phased manner in future so as to
living in rural areas. Sex Ratio among the accommodate SC, ST, BC Hostel boarders
Scheduled Castes is 981, which is higher presently staying in private Hostel buildings
than the State average of 978. The in IWHCs.
percentage of SC population in rural areas Samkshema Bata: An innovative exercise
has declined from 88.9 percent in 1961 to was taken up with Ministers and MLAs of
82.8 per cent in 2001. The literacy rate the State Government personally visiting
among SCs was 53.52 in 2001, lower than Social Welfare Hostels to list out the repairs
the all India percent of 54.69 for SCs. to be taken up in the hostels. For repairs of
The principal objectives of Social Welfare Government Hostel Buildings and to provide
Department are to look after the Educational infrastructure facilities an amount of Rs.50
Advancement, Socio-Economic Develop- crores was provided, i.e, Rs. 35 crores for
ment, Welfare and Protection of Scheduled repairs and Rs.15 crores for construction of
Castes. new toilets and bathrooms for hostel boarders
Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP): @ 1:10 boarders. 1910 works have been
Under the Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan it has taken up, out of which 1457 works have been
been imperative for all the Government

177
completed and the remaining works are in Colleges Hostels: Prior to 2009-10, there
progress. were 152 Scheduled Caste College Hostels
Ananda Nilayams: At present, there are 79 (71 for Boys and 81 for Girls) functioning
Ananda Nilayams functioning in the State. with an intake of 100 students for each
50 percent of the seats in Ananda Nilayams hostel. 24,724 students are admitted in the
are filled up with orphan students and the hostels during 2010-11. Government is
remaining 50 percent with the children whose providing electricity charges, house rent,
parents are engaged in unclean occupations. water charges and scholarships. The students
The inmates in these Ananda Nilayams are themselves are maintaining the mess through
provided all facilities on par with the mess committees. Government have
boarders in Social Welfare hostels. The sanctioned 400 college hostels i.e., 200 for
details of Ananda Nilayams are shown in boys and 200 for girls during 2009-10.
Table 8.23. Post-Matric Scholarships: Residential and
Non-Residential scholarships are being
Table 8.23 awarded to all eligible Post-Matric students
Ananda Nilayams belonging to the Scheduled Castes. This
(Numbers) scholarship amount includes maintenance
Year Institu Boys Girls Total charges for the students and non-refundable
tions fee payable to the institution, expenses on
2005-06 79 4061 3189 7250 study tours and typing charges of thesis etc.
2006-07 79 3475 3180 6655 The existing income ceiling for the award of
2007-08 79 3709 3236 6945 Post-Matric Scholarships is Rs.1.00 lakh per
2008-09 79 4100 3263 7363 annum from the year 2008-09. SC Research
2009-10 79 3962 3275 7237 scholars in M.Phil course will get a
2010-11 79 3782 3183 6965 fellowship of Rs.500/- per month and
Source: Social Welfare Department Rs.1000/- per annum towards contingent
RESULTS: There has been considerable expenditure on data collection, etc. The
improvement in the results of 10th class in Scheduled Caste Research Scholars in Ph.D.
Social Welfare Hostels. During March 2010, Course would be sanctioned a sum of
26,272 students appeared for SSC Rs.600/- per month towards maintenance and
Examinations and 22,430 students passed in Rs.I,500/- per annum towards contingencies.
the State. The overall pass percentage is During 2010-11, an amount of Rs.650.62
85.37 as against the State average of 81.63. Crores is provided to cover an anticipated
During the year 2010-11, 2391 S.C. boarders number of 6.5 lakh SC students. From the
who obtained good marks in SSC were year 2008-09, applications for scholarships
admitted in reputed Junior Colleges. SSC and sanction of scholarships were made
results of students in Social Welfare hostels ‘online’ to ensure quick delivery through eZ
are shown in Table 8.24. Pay cards, to eliminate corruption and also to
ensure transparency by keeping all the
Table 8.24 information in the public domain.
SSC Results of Students in SW Hostels Distribution of House Sites: The income
% of % of ceiling for allotment of house sites to weaker
Year Appear Passed hostel State section families, free of cost, is Rs.20,000/-
ed results Averag
e
(Rural) and Rs. 28,000/- (Urban) per annum.
2005 19299 14478 75.02 72.41 Each family is eligible for allotment to an
2006 23742 18101 76.24 73.16 extent of 3 cents of wetland or 5 cents of dry
2007 22250 17286 77.69 71.36 land or 60 sq. yards per family in urban areas
2008 22072 17728 80.31 75.31 towards house sites. In the Acquisition
2009 24482 20518 83.81 78.83 Programme, land is also allotted for common
2010 26272 22430 85.37 81.63
purposes like internal roads, schools,
Source: Social Welfare Department
community halls etc.

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The allocation of house-sites among various financial assistance for the benefit of
sections of population is as follows: 2,07,600 SC beneficiaries up to October,10.
Scheduled Castes - 40%
Investments:
Scheduled Tribes - 10%
The Corporation since inception (1974 to
Backward Classes - 30%
2009-10), grounded several Economic
Minorities - 10%
Support Programmes for the benefit of
Other Economically poor - 10% 49,63,135 Scheduled Caste families with an
During 2010-11, an amount of Rs.60.00 outlay of Rs. 4125.68 Crores. The
Crores was provided in Budget.
Corporation has adopted model schemes to
Under INDlRAMMA programme, 4,13,764
serve as incentives to the prospective
house sites were provided under phase I,
Scheduled Caste beneficiaries and the
4,79,562 house sites were distributed under District Societies have been allowed to take
phase II upto September, 2010 and 2,42,077 up any new scheme which is viable and
house sites have been distributed so far under
feasible. During the year 2010-11, an
Indiramma Programme 3rd Phase.
amount of Rs.13.00 crores is allocated by
Government of India and Rs. 15.00 crores is
ANDHRA PRADESH SCHEDULED allocated by Government of Andhra Pradesh
CASTES COOP.FINANCE CORP. Ltd:
towards Share Capital.
A.P. Scheduled Castes Cooperative Finance
Government of Andhra Pradesh announced
Corporation Ltd. was established in the year
loan waiver with interest upto Rs. 1.00 Lakh
1974 with the following main objectives:
per beneficiary and all Welfare Corporations
• To plan, promote and take up Economic shall act as facilitators to obtain institutional
assistance programs in the fields of finance duly providing Rs. 30,000/- or 50%
Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, of the scheme cost whichever is less as
Marketing, Processing, Supply and subsidy.
Storage of Agriculture Products, Small Special Central Assistance(SCA):
Scale Industry, Cottage Industry, Trade, Government of India is providing funds
Business or any other activity which under Special Central Assistance to the State
enables the members of Scheduled Castes Government for taking up schemes for the
to earn a better living and helps them to benefit of Scheduled Castes. The funds made
improve their standard of living. available under Special Central Assistance
• To undertake programs of employment are being utilized for providing subsidy and
oriented Cottage and Small Scale for non-recurring items, like making the
Industries etc., by providing technical schemes really bankable and effective and to
know-how, Managerial Assistance and provide infrastructure to meet backward and
Financial Assistance, which may be forward linkages at District level. During the
required to achieve the above objectives. year 2010-11, an amount of Rs. 60.00 Crores
SC Action Plans are prepared keeping in is allocated under Special Central Assistance
view of the resources, to assist maximum to Special Component Plan.
number of poor SC beneficiaries under
various Economic Developmental schemes as Economic Support Program:
a part of poverty amelioration. Planning is Many of the SC families have been assigned
also done to implement different schemes in agriculture lands but the income derived from
coordination with all line departments under such land is very meagre. It is therefore,
convergence, to deliver maximum benefit to essential to provide irrigation facilities to
the poor SC beneficiaries. these lands to enable the assignees to reap
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs 511.09 maximum benefit. An emphasis is made to
crores was provided towards financial cover these lands by providing irrigation
assistance for the benefit of 3,54,938 SC facilities, Land Development, Horticulture
beneficiaries. During 2010-11, an amount of and Minor Irrigation etc., in the Action Plan
Rs. 334.77 crores was provided towards for 2010-11.

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 Pavala Vaddi review of the tribal problem was taken during
Pavala Vaddi scheme is extended to the V Five Year Plan. For implementation of the
beneficiaries of all Welfare Corporations to strategy, Integrated Tribal Development
promote prompt repayment of Bank Loans. Agencies (ITDAs) were conceived. During
Per Capita Investment VI Five Year Plan, Modified Area
The per capita investment which was Rs. Development Approach (MADA) was
730/- during 1974-75, has been gradually adopted to cover smaller areas of tribal
increased upto Rs. 18,000/- in recent years. concentration and for still smaller areas the
It is expected to reach upto Rs. 50,000/- in cluster approach was adopted. Now there are
the current Action Plan of 2010-11 with a 41 MADA Pockets and 17 Clusters. During
view to attain sustainable income to poor SC VII Five Year Plan the programs were
beneficiaries. extended to Dispersed Tribal Groups (DTGs)
also. By the end of IX Plan, the Program
*** priorities of Tribal Welfare Department are
TRIBAL WELFARE provision of incentives to students by way of
free boarding and lodging for hostellers and
8.16 The tribal population of Andhra
package of incentives like supply of text
Pradesh according to 2001 Census is 50.24
books, note books, dresses etc. For the first
lakhs constituting about 6.59% of the total
time, 82 Primary Health Centers were
population of the State. The Scheduled areas
sanctioned during 2004 exclusively for tribal
extend over 31,485.34 sq.kms which is about
areas to improve access to primary health
11% of total area of the State with 5,938
care. All efforts are being made to ensure that
villages distributed in Srikakulam,
all the tribal habitations are provided with
Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East
safe drinking water.
Godavari, West Godavari, Khammam,
Warangal, Adilabad and Mahabubnagar
Government accorded high priority for the
districts. There are no scheduled areas in
accelerated development of tribals by
other districts. There are 35 ST communities
implementing socio economic development
living in the State. Of the 50.24 lakhs tribal
programs. Major focus is on Education,
population, 30.47 lakhs are found in the
Health and Land based schemes.
above mentioned 9 districts. The remaining
tribal population of 19.77 lakhs is distributed
Tribal Cultural Research and Training
in the other districts. Areas inhabited by
Institute (TCR & TI):
primitive tribal groups and remote areas of
Established in the year 1963 as per the
the ITDAs and MADAs are by and large
recommendations of Scheduled areas and
lacking in necessary infrastructural facilities
Scheduled Tribes Commission (appointed by
required for a minimum standard of living.
President of India) under the Chairmanship
The availability of infrastructure facilities in
of Sri U.N. Dhebar. The key functions of the
the tribal areas is far below the State and
institute are to conduct ethnographic studies
National averages. The General Literacy rate
on tribes of AP, carryout socio economic and
is 60.5 as per 2001 Census, while the ST
bench mark surveys, formulate perspective
literacy is 37.04.
plans for integrated tribal development
Tribal Welfare Department was established
agencies (ITDAs) and Primitive Tribal
in 1962 with an objective to assist the tribal
Groups (PTGs) and impart various types of
population in the field of education,
orientation trainings to officials and non
economic development and other programs.
officials engaged in tribal development.
Tribal development did not get translated into
Girijan Cooperative Corporation (GCC):
a definite program of action till the 4th Plan
Efforts to eliminate exploitation by private
period until the socio-economic development
traders are being continued. The Girijan Co-
of STs was accepted as a general goal. The
operative Corporation Ltd., Visakhapatnam is
concept of tribal sub-plan strategy was
purchasing minor forest produce with
evolved after a detailed comprehensive

180
monopoly rights in 38 items. Solar, Bio-mass etc., in tribal areas. Projects
A.P. Scheduled Tribe Co-Operative will be owned and managed by local tribals
Finance Corporation (TRICOR): constituted into a project committee.
The A.P. Scheduled Tribe Co-operative A.P. Tribal Mining (Pvt) Ltd. (TRIMCO):
Finance Corporation (TRICOR) is providing Tribal Mining limited was established under
margin money needed for the tribals to draw companies Act 1956 during the year 2001 as
institutional finance for the economic Joint Venture Company (JVC) of AP
development programs. TRICOR (74%) and APMDC (26%). The
Tribal Welfare Engineering Wing: objective is to facilitate mining operations in
A separate Engineering wing has been tribal areas for the benefit of tribals by
established and functioning with effect from framing Tribal Mining Cooperative Societies,
1985, exclusively for Tribal Welfare and providing Safe and scientific mining
Department, to attend to the works program methods to the tribals.
in tribal areas. With the creation of a separate Achievements during 2010-11 under
Engineering wing the erstwhile tribal different programmes:
engineering sectors functioning under Girijan Ashram Schools & Hostels
Cooperative Corporation and ITDAs, have Tribal Welfare Department is maintaining
been reorganized and merged with TW 599 Ashram Schools with strength of
Engineering Wing by transferring all posts 1,41,971. 442 Hostels with a strength of
carried by those sectors. The key functions 77,420 and 4,317 Girijana Vidya Vikasa
are to construct Ashram Schools, Hostels, Kendras (Single Teacher Schools) renamed
Residential schools/ITIs/Polytechnics/Degree as Government Primary Schools (TW) with a
Colleges, formation of roads in agency areas, strength of 1,01,852. 81% of students passed
Construction of Community and Individual SSC exams held in March, 2010.
latrines and other deposit works sponsored Gurukulam
by other agencies. Now the TW Engineering 272 institutions are being run by Gurukulam
Wing is headed by Engineer in Chief. There (APTWREIS). Out of which, 72 are
are 3 Circles headed by Superintending residential schools, 2 Upgraded Residential
Engineers, 9 Divisions headed by Executive Jr. Colleges, 49 Residential Jr. Colleges, 3
Engineers, 40 Sub Divisions headed by Dy. Schools of Excellence, 3 Jr. Colleges of
Executive Engineers and 135 Assistant Excellence, 41 Mini-Gurukulams and 102
Executive Engineers to execute the works Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas are
program in tribal areas. functioning with a student strength of 73,081.
A.P. Tribal Welfare Residential 93% of students in TW Residential Schools
Educational Institutions Society passed in SSC Public Examinations held in
(Gurukulam): March, 2010.
This society is established in the year 1999 Pre Matric Scholarships
after bifurcation from A.P. Residential 6,058 ST students studying in 112 reputed
Educational Institutions Society. The main schools under Best Available Schools
objective is to take care of enrolment and Scheme are receiving Pre-Matric
retention of tribal children and improvement Scholarships ranging from Rs.8,800/- to
in the quality of education. It shall be Rs.20,000/- per annum per boarder.
responsible for the effective management of ST students are sponsored for admission into
the institutions and latter renamed as Hyderabad Public Schools (HPS) to get
GURUKULAM by the Government. quality education during this year also. 265
A.P. Tribal Power Company Limited ST students are studying in Hyderabad
(TRIPCO): Public Schools and receiving quality
Government of Andhra Pradesh promoted education during this year.
Tribal Power Company to establish, generate Post Matric Scholarships
and operate Mini Hydel Power Projects and During 2010-11, scholarships sanctioned to
other non conventional power projects like 1,46,148 students incurring an expenditure

181
of Rs. 106.79 cr. upto December, 2010. to poor tribal farmers as well as giving them an
Economic Support Schemes opportunity to develop their own lands. In the
During the year 2010-11, TRICOR has prepared first phase, 1.6 lakh acres are proposed to be
an action plan with an out lay of Rs.100.12 cr. to fully developed at an estimated cost of Rs.
benefit 1,68,650 ST beneficiaries under 310.00 cr.
economic support schemes including training Recognition of Forest Rights Act, 2006
and employment generation programs. An (RoFR)
amount of Rs.29.35 cr. was spent covering Total 3,30,143 claims were received
77,098 ST beneficiaries. covering 19,65,741 acres, and 1,67,582
Subsidy: Subsidy increased from Rs.10,000/- to certificates of titles were issued covering
Rs.30,000/- from 2009-10 onwards. It will be 14,44,049 acres so far.
limited to 50% of the total unit cost or Girijan Co-operative Corporation
Rs.30,000/- whichever is less. Units costing The activity wise performance upto
more than Rs.10.00 lakhs will be assisted by November, 2010 is shown in Table 8.25.
specialized agencies under Industries & Table 8.25
Commerce department. Performance of GCC during 2010-11
(Rs. Lakhs)
Coffee Project: Coffee plantation including
pepper was taken up in 10,726 acres and Silver Annual Achievement
Activity
Target
Oak in 5012 acres with an expenditure of Rs.
1151.13 lakhs in ITDA, Paderu. Purchase of NTFP 1867.60 638.02
Sales of ECs & other
Rubber Project: During the current year, DRs
22,500.00 11,652.54
plantations were taken up in 450.7 acres with an Credit Disbursement 600.00 244.01
expenditure of Rs. 150.43 lakhs in R.C.Varam Credit Recovery 772.00 56.53
ITDA area. Sale of Value Added
Organic farming project: The Organic farming 2,500.00 1023.09
Products
project is under implementation in 3 ITDAs i.e., Total 28,239.60 13,614.19
Seethampeta, Eturunagaram and Bhadrachalam. Source: Tribal Welfare Department
The project is jointly funded by TW department Mini Hydel Projects
and Horticulture department. An amount of Rs. 3 Mini Hydel Power Projects have been taken up
101.49 lakhs was spent to benefit 3,761 ST at Vetamamidi, Pinjarikonda and Mitlapalem in
beneficiaries. ITDA R.C.Varam and East Godavari Districts.
Tribal Welfare – NREGS convergence The Vetamamidi project is at the commissioning
Plantations: To improve the socio-economic stage and other two projects are at various levels
conditions of tribal farmers belonging to BPL of progress.
families, horticulture plantations have been taken Infrastructure
up, which helps in creating productive assets, Out of 36 works of additional
ensuring sustainable source of income, reduce accommodation for girls ashram schools
soil degradation and protect environment. sanctioned under RIDF XIII, so far 24 have
Engineering works: been completed and remaining are under
272 gram panchayat buildings are taken up in progress.
ITDA areas with a total estimated cost of Rs. Out of 77 road works sanctioned under
37.67 cr. The works are in progress. 294 RIDF–XIV (NABARD), so far 48 works are
checkdams taken up to provide minor irrigation completed and remaining are under progress.
facilities in tribal areas with a cost of Rs. 43.06 29 TW Residential School buildings and 1
cr. 2318 road works with a cost of Rs. 391.46 cr. B.Ed college building works sanctioned
are taken up to provide road connectivity to under RIDF XIV are under progress.
unconnected ST habitations. Government of India have sanctioned Rs.
Land Development: The lands recognized under 206.77 cr. In April 2010 for construction of
RoFR Act are proposed to be developed under 42 ashram schools for ST boys/girls in naxal
‘RoFR Land Development programme of affected district of Khammam. These works
MGNREGS’ thus providing wage employment are in progress.

182
 Land Transfer Regulations:
Protection and Development of Wakf
76,770 cases were detected, 74,978 cases were Properties;
disposed and 36,517 cases were decided in
Protection and Development of Urdu
favour of STs. Language;
Dr. Y.S.Rajashekar Reddy Study Circle
Social & Cultural Development; and
for STs:
Removing the sense of discrimination.
Study Circle cum Pre–Examination-Training Various initiatives taken by the Government
Centre sanctioned by Government in for the overall development of the Minorities
September, 2009 is functioning to cater to the are briefed below:-
training needs of the educated tribal youth in Andhra Pradesh State Minorities
the State with a sanctioned strength of 100 Commission:
seats. The A.P. State Minorities Commission was
Tribal Sub Plan constituted in 1979. Subsequently, it was
The Apex Committee under the chairmanship enacted as the A.P. State Minorities
of Hon’ble Chief Minister met in July 2010 Commission Act, 1998. The Minorities
reviewed the implementation of TSP in the Commission is looking into specific issues
state. being faced by Minority Community.
During the year 2010-11, an amount of Andhra Pradesh Urdu Academy:
Rs.2529.20 cr. was allocated towards TSP The Urdu Academy of Andhra Pradesh was
which is 6.77% in the state plan allocation. established in the year 1975 for promotion of
Urdu Language. The Urdu Academy provides
*** Grant-in-Aid for the following Schemes
MINORITIES WELFARE during the financial year 20010-11:
8.17 India is a vast nation with a fabric like o Preserving/Promotion of Urdu Language;
interwoven society with many religious and o Pre-Matric & Post-Matric Scholarships to
ways of life. As a secular country, Govt’s Urdu Medium Students.
endeavor has always been to ensure carrying o Fees Reimbursement of Urdu Medium
its entire population, including the Minorities, Students.
on the path of progress. The Schemes and o Vocational Training in Urdu Computer
policies have been put in place to ensure the Education by Urdu Academy
upliftment of Minorities under the aegis of the o Generating Awareness about Plan
Minorities Finance Corporation. The Schemes of Minorities Welfare
advancement of Minorities requires attention Department and other Institutions among
from several angles. As per 2001 Census, the minorities.
population of Minorities in our state is around Andhra Pradesh State Minorities Finance
82.00 lakhs, which constitutes over 11 % of Corporation Ltd and A.P. State Christian
the total population of the State. The (Minorities) Finance Corporation Ltd.
population of Minorities is generally urban- The Andhra Pradesh State Minorities Finance
based. A large segment of Minority population Corporation Limited was incorporated under
is living below poverty line. The share of the Companies Act, 1956 in the year 1985, to
Minorities in different economic support assist the weaker sections of Minorities viz.,
schemes has also been very low. The Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhists and Parsis etc., for
Minorities in general and their women their socio economic development through
counterparts in particular, have been highly banks for which the corporation provides
backward, both educationally and subsidy component for the schemes viz. i)
economically. The Main problems of Economic Assistance for setting up
Minorities and the Governmental intervention Businesses, Industrial, Service, Agriculture
are attempted in the following areas: and allied viable activities and Grant-in-Aid

Economic Development; for welfare Schemes. A separate Corporation

Women Development; viz., Andhra Pradesh State Christian

Educational Development; (Minorities) Finance Corporation has been

183
established in 2009 for welfare of weaker Classroom Performance of School Children
sections of Christians. belonging to Minorities. Under the scheme,
Activities during 2010-11(upto 30-09-2010): the Centre provides free special coaching in
• Under the Economic Assistance Maths, Science, English, Telugu, Social
(Bankable) Scheme during the year 2009- Studies and Urdu to X class Urdu / Telugu
10, (2000) beneficiaries were assisted with medium minority students at 110 free
Margin Money of Rs.500.00 lakhs. coaching centres established in 16 districts of
During the year 2010-11, an amount of Andhra Pradesh viz., Hyderabad, Ranga
Rs.705.00 lakhs has been provided for Reddy, Medak, Karimnagar, Nizamabad,
implementing the scheme. Adilabad, Warangal, Mahabubnagar,
• For the Pre and Post Matric Scholarships Nalgonda, Kurnool, Cuddapah, Ananathapur,
Government has allocated an amount of Chittoor, Guntur, Krishna and Nellore and
Rs.75.00 crores for implementing the also provides free workbooks, question banks
scheme on saturation basis during 2009- and test papers to Urdu medium coaching and
10. During the Year 2010-11, an amount non-coaching students in all districts. Free
of Rs.80.00 crores has been allocated. special coaching is offered in Maths, English,
• For Training and Employment Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Zoology,
programme, an amount of Rs.45.00 lakhs Commerce and Economics to Inter Urdu
has been allocated for implementation of medium students in city and districts.
the scheme during 2010-11. Provides counselling and guidance, prepares
• Under Reimbursement of Tuition Fee books, workbooks and question banks for X
during 2009-10, an amount of Rs.72.75 class Urdu medium students and also provides
crores has been allocated for implementing free coaching to intermediate Urdu medium
the scheme on saturation basis. For 2010- students at 3 coaching centres at Karimnagar,
11, an amount of Rs.80.00 crores has been Kadiri and Kosgi.
allocated. For improving the Minorities Candidates in
• Under Maintenance of Pre and Post Matric Competitive Examinations, CEDM has been
Hostels and Residential Schools for conducting free coaching facility to the
Minorities, an amount of Rs.4.00 crores Minority candidates in services like SGT,
has been provided for maintenance UPT, TTC, SEEP, EAMCET & EDCET.
purpose. In the Higher Services like civil services
Andhra Pradesh State Wakf Board: preliminary examinations, three candidates are
Government have sanctioned Rs.72.97 crores qualified and 19 were in Group I Preliminary
for the Wakf Board from 1995-96 to 2009-10 though the Centre is not providing coaching
for various schemes like Repair and for mains examination.
Maintenance of Wakf Institutions, Revolving This centre is also providing Foundation
Fund for Construction of Shopping Course for various competitive examinations,
Complexes, Grant-in-Aid towards payment of free coaching to job seeking competitive
legal expenses and repayment of loans, examinations – UPSC Civil Services, APPSC
construction and maintenance of Haj House, Group I, II, III and IV examinations, APPSC
Conduct of Marriages to Poor Muslim Girls, Lecturers and Junior Lecturers examinations,
Maintenance assistance to Muslim Divorced APPSC Junior Civil Judges’ Written Test,
Families etc. During the year 2010-11, an NET, BSRB, SSC, DSC and Police Sub-
amount of Rs.150.00 lakhs has been provided Inspectors examination, free coaching to
to Wakf Board for implementation of the admission seeking competitive examinations
schemes. for various jobs.
Centre for Educational Development of Dairatul Maarif-il - Osmania
Minorities (C.E.D.M.) Dairatul Maarif-il-Osmania is one of the
Centre for Educational Development of leading institutions of India, which carries out
Minorities has been implementing an research on Arabic works written during the
integrated Project on Improving the classical and mediaeval era. Each and every

184
 work selected goes through the process of under Rajiv Udyoga Sree Programme during
careful transcription and diligent collation of 2010-11. The training is imparted to 5000
different manuscripts available by a team of candidates in following construction related
renowned scholars before it goes for printing trades:
and publication. The Dairatul Maarif-il- Masonry
Osmania has so far published about 175 works Plumbing & Sanitation
of seminal importance all being welcomed Electrical & House wiring
warmly by the world of learning. Painting & Decoration
Bar Bending
The Dairatul Maarif-il-Osmania is an Welding
autonomous body. The Executive Committee Form Work Carpentry
looks after the policy matters, administration General work supervisor
and the budgetary allocations and the Literary Land Surveyor
Committee editing and publication Store Keeper
programme. Curtain Making & Tailoring
A.P.State Haj Committee:
To perform religious duties, thousands of The duration of the Training ranges from 2 to
Muslims of the State proceed to the Kingdom 3 months and candidates with minimum
of Saudi Arabia in order to perform Haj. The educational qualification are identified for
Haj Committee constituted by the Government the training. The training programme is
has been providing all the required facilities to residential and free, Food and
Hajis. An amount of Rs. 70.00 lakhs is Accommodation is provided to the trainees
provided as Grant-in-Aid to the Andhra during the training period. National
Pradesh State Haj Committee during the year Academy of Construction is providing
2010-11. uniform and toolkit to the trainees at free of
cost and also providing placements after
*** successful completion to the trainees. The
curtain making and tailoring training is
YOUTH SERVICES designed for Women candidates and after
completion of the training the candidates will
8.18 Youth Welfare Programs are be provided Sewing Machines by National
implemented in accordance with the Academy of Construction.
aspirations and needs of the youth. The The training programme was commenced in
programmes are categorized as a) Providing Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam,
Self Employment to the un-employed youth, East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna,
b) Training to provide employment and c) Prakasam, Nellore, Kadapa, Ananthapur,
Other participatory programmes. Rajiv Nizamabad, Adilabad and Medak Districts
Yuvasakthi Programme is implemented to and in remaining Districts the selection of the
provide financial assistance, to create self candidates is in progress.
employment opportunities to the eligible Orientation Classes for the Unemployed
unemployed youth to establish Self Youth for Career Opportunities and
Employment units in Industry, Service and Personality Development:
Business Sectors. Suitable Training Career orientation classes are conducted to
Programes are designed and implemented as the unemployed youth who posses 10th class/
per the market demand and needs of the Inter /Degree/ P.G. Qualifications so as to
youth to make them employable in give them counseling for personality
association with the Industry. development and to build confidence to face
Skill Development Training Programmes: interview either in public or corporate
The Department of Youth Services is sectors.
organizing Skill Development training The services of eminent Psychologists /
programme in construction related trades Counsellors are utilised in giving counseling
through National Academy of Construction to the youth in the Districts. Resource

185
 persons from 2 to 3 banks, 4 to 5 toppers in • Providing affordable housing with
different Competitive Examinations and adequate amenities and healthy
suitable resource persons from private study environment for Economically Weaker
circles have been attached to interact with the Sections.
candidates. Schools / Colleges / Youth • Facilitating access to affordable housing
Organizations TTDC/ Mahila Pranganam for the Lower Income Groups both in
etc., are used to impart the training rural and urban areas.
programmes. • Complementing construction of housing
The orientation classes have been conducted with provision of basic services to ensure
for 1088 candidates in 15 Districts and the 1st clean and comfortable Cities and Towns.
phase of training programme is completed by The pioneering effort of the Andhra Pradesh
November, 2010. After giving orientation to State Housing Corporation Limited
the unemployed youth, 30% of the youth (APSHCL) in motivating and educating
shall be given skill development training and beneficiaries and introducing the concept of
assistance will be given to them for proper “Self-Help and Mutual-Help” has succeeded
placements. not only in creating awareness among the
Rajiv Yuvashakthi Programme: beneficiaries to drive away from exploitation
Rajiv Yuvashakthi, an employment by middlemen and in reducing the cost of
generation programme was taken up by construction by adoption of Cost-Effective
Government of Andhra Pradesh for the and Eco-Friendly Technologies, but also
benefit of unemployed youth. Three types of helped in capacity building and utilization of
schemes are being implemented under this human resources among rural and urban
self employment programme viz., Individual poor. The introduction of Beneficiaries’
(Rs. 1.00 Lakh), Group (Rs. 3.00 to 5.00 Melas and pre-construction orientation
Lakhs) and Petty business(Rs. 0.50 Lakh) programs helped immensely in increasing the
with 20% subsidy, 10% beneficiary willing participation of the beneficiaries.
contribution and 70% bank loan. To meet the demand of building materials
During the year 2010-11, the programme is and also to minimize the cost of construction,
taken up to assist 5,000 beneficiaries with a APSHCL is encouraging the production and
total project cost of Rs.50.00 crores, out of usage of Cost Effective and Eco Friendly
which Rs.10.00 crores is subsidy provided by materials by the beneficiaries. 89 Nirmithi
the Government, Rs.35.00 crores bank loan Kendras/ Sub Nirmithi Kendras were
and Rs.5.00 crores beneficiaries contribution. established all over the State for spreading
Achievements under Rajiv Yuvashakthi the use of such materials and technologies.
Programme are given in Annexure 8.13. So far, about Rs.400.00 Crores worth of
*** building components such as Sand Cement
Blocks, Fal-G Blocks, Pre-Cast door &
HOUSING Window frames, Cement Jallies, RCC rafters
8.19 Housing constitutes a very basic etc., have been produced and utilized for the
requirement for human survival. Possession housing program taken up by the corporation.
of a permanent own house assumes great Weaker Section Housing Program
significance in providing a life of secure Under Weaker Section Housing Program,
identity, dignified and confident living. since inception till the end of 31st March
Andhra Pradesh has been the pioneer in 2010 about 95,22,146 houses have been
implementing “Housing for all” duly aiming completed comprising of 87,57,084 in rural
at the objectives of National Housing Policy areas and 7,65,062 in urban areas. During
of “Shelter for all” and committed to making the year 2010-11 (up to September, 2010)
“Housing for all” a reality. Key principles 2,50,854 houses have been completed, of
followed in implementing the housing which 2,33,265 are in rural areas and 17,589
program are: are in urban areas. Year wise achievements
are given in Annexure 8.14.

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 Rajiv Swagruha • Up gradation of all habitations to fully
Government launched “Rajiv Swagruha” an covered status.
urban housing programme in 2007 for • Special focus on sustainability of sources/
providing affordable housing to the moderate schemes
income group for implementation in all the • Proper sanitation facilities to all
municipalities and municipal corporations in habitations.
the State. The main object of Rajiv The funds for implementing schemes/works
Swagruha Programme is to make available meant for providing drinking water facilities
the houses / flats to the moderate income and sanitation facilities to the habitations are
group at cost 25% less than the prevailing allocated under various programmes of State
market rate with best quality of construction and Central Government such as NRDWP,
and other infrastructure facilities. DDP, TFC, Rajiv Pallebata and other
Salient features of the Scheme: Demand external agencies as well. Funds are being
driven, Self-financed Scheme, No Subsidy, tapped in the form of loans from NABARD,
No budgetary support by the Government. HUDCO and World Bank also.
Demand survey conducted in March – April Achievements
2007 got a total of 1.76 lakhs applications. During the year 2009-10, 5374 habitations
The net demand arrived at 1,74,748. It was are covered by spending an amount of Rs.
targeted to ground these houses / flats. 913.46 Crore.
Government established special purpose RWS Infrastructure created
vehicle namely A.P. Rajiv Swagruha There are 3,33,123 Hand pumps, 50,203
Corporation Limited for implementing the PWS Schemes and 495 CPWS Schemes
scheme. (including SSP Schemes) existing as on
Type of Houses / Flats 01.04.2010.
Multi-storied constructions are taken up in RWS Ongoing Programme 2010-11
the municipal corporations and independent During the year 2010-11, 8942 (8652+290)
houses in other municipalities while works are taken up with a cost of Rs. 2714.51
developing Integrated Townships. Pattern of Crore to cover 17,536 habitations. Up to
constructions are G+5 to G+20 and September, 2010, Rs. 314.94 Crore was spent
Independent. covering 3159 habitations. The balance
Townships grounded / progress: works are in progress.
The construction of townships at 24 project Special focus on Sustainability
sites in the State is under progress covering For the year 2010-11, 596 water storage
46,833 units with project cost of Rs.8,351 structures called “Ooranies”, 1354 check
Crores. It is programmed to take up these dams, 4000 Rain water Harvesting Structures
houses in phases. In the first phase, and 32 Subsurface Dykes are in the process
construction of 16,684 units with a project of implementation under NRDWP duly
cost of Rs.2,858 Crores has been taken up. converging with MGNREGS costing Rs.
Construction of 1140 flats at Chandanagar 227.23 Crores with MGNREGS share of Rs.
has been completed. 138.54 Crore.
*** World Bank Assistance Programme
During 2010-11, it is proposed to provide
RURAL WATER SUPPLY (RWS) drinking water facilities in quality affected
not covered and partially covered
8.20 The Government is determined to
habitations- 1423 Nos. in Visakhapatnam,
solve the drinking water problem in rural
Prakasam, Kadapa, Mahabubnagar,
areas with the following objectives:
Karimnagar and Adilabad districts and an
• Delivery of adequate, safe and potable amount of Rs. 100.00 Crore is provided.
drinking water to all rural people. Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
• Safe water to fluoride, brackish and other The TSC Projects are sanctioned in 22
polluted habitations. districts in the State in a phased manner from

187
 People Managed Environmental Sanitation (PMES)
• A community led Sanitation approach Programme has been taken up in about 2200 Gram Panchayats
(about 100 habitations in each district) across 22 districts with the involvement of communities.
Trained VLFs (Village Level Facilitators) formed into teams organized triggering activity and other
related activity to prepare PMES plans (sanitation plans). This exercise has generated a huge interest
in sanitation in rural areas.
• Sarpanches, selected ward members and selected stake holders from these villages are being involved in
an unique exercise called “Village Immersion Exercise” for a period of one week to make them
convergent with the complexes of the problems and find out solutions to such problems on their own.
• Assembly Constituency is taken as a unit and the focus is on the village. In this strategy a four pronged
approach i.e., replication process – convergence of line departments – institutionalization in Panchayat
Raj Institutions and Social Marketing for behavioral change through IEC and capacity building is
adopted. “Mandal Resource Coordinators” will be placed to provide continuous support to
GPs/VWSCs/local communities.
• Availability of materials i.e., ISLs Kit at door steps of the beneficiaries through Rural Sanitary Marts
(RSMs) by re-establishing Rural Sanitary Marts duly identifying appropriate SHGs for running
RSMs and procuring the materials is ensured.

1999-2000 to 2006 by Government of India PUBLIC HEALTH AND

with matching share from State Government MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING
beneficiaries and panchayats. The 8.21 An independent department of Public
Programme is sanctioned with a target of Health and Municipal Engineering and a
66,36,229 Individual Sanitary Latrines (ISLs) separate service called Public Health and
to be constructed in rural areas for BPL Municipal Engineering Service were
families, 1,15,908 School toilets and 14,990 constituted in June 1960.
Anganwadi toilets; against which, 39,39,689 Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
ISLs, 96,823 School toilets, and 3,292, The Department is incharge of Investigation,
Anganwadi toilets have been constructed up Design, preparation of estimates and plans
to March, 2009. and execution of Water Supply and Sewerage
During the year 2009-10, 2,38,305 ISLs, Schemes in all the 110 Municipalities and 12
2242 School toilets, and 764 Anganwadi Municipal Corporations (excluding Greater
toilets have been constructed. Hyderabad Municipal Corporation
TSC Ongoing Programme during 2010-11 Vijayawada Municipal Corporation and
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal
emphasizes more on Information, Education corporation).
and Communication (IEC), human resources
development, and capacity development Water Supply Improvements Schemes are
activities to increase awareness and demand being taken up in Urban Local bodies from
generation for sanitation facilities. State time to time to improve per capita water
Government have taken up massive supply on par with National Standards. In
programme by providing matching share for addition to the above, the technical control
the amounts released by the Government of over all Engineering Works in the
India. Municipalities and 12 Municipal
Corporations is done by Engineer-in-Chief
During 2010-11, so far, 1,81,077 Individual (PH). The operation and maintenance of
Sanitary Latrines, 1324 School toilets and Water Supply & Sewerage Schemes is being
257 Anganwadi toilets have been constructed attended by the respective Municipalities and
as against the targeted 11,93,818 Individual Municipal Corporations.
Sanitary Latrines, 10135 school toilets and Status of Water Supply:
4257 Anganwadi toilets.
As per the standards stipulated in Central
*** Public Health Engineering environmental
Organization (CPHEEO) manual, the rate of

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drinking water supply to be maintained is as activities.
follows: UIDSSMT (Urban Infrastructure
• Town with Under Ground Drainage - 135 Development Scheme for Small and Medium
lpcd Towns) Scheme is a component of JNNURM
• Town without Under Ground Drainage Programme launched with an aim to provide
– 70 lpcd Urban Infrastructure in the Sector of Water
The State Government is giving top priority Supply, Under Ground Drainage, Storm
to provide protected drinking water to all Water Drains, Solid Waste Management and
urban local bodies by strengthening the Transportation in Non-mission Urban local
existing infrastructure and service levels. bodies (ULB’s) in a planned manner.
During last six years (2004-05 to 2009-10), The scheme applies to all ULB’s in A.P.
63 water supply schemes with an estimated excluding Mission Cities i.e., Hyderabad,
cost of Rs.627.29 Crores were completed Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam.
adding 412.48 MLD of water, raising the The Funding Pattern is in the ratio of
installed capacity from 934 MLD to 1346.48 80:10:10 between Government of India,
MLD and thereby the average water supply Government of Andhra Pradesh and ULB .
was raised from 63 LPCD (Population – Schemes under Implementation:
1.242 Cr.) to 85 LPCD (Population 1.334 1. UIDSSMT (Urban Infrastructure
Cr.). Development Scheme for Small and
During 2009-10, 13 water supply schemes Medium Towns).
were completed and commissioned under 2. IHSDP – Integrated Housing and Slum
Plan, UIDSSMT and HUDCO grants, duly Development Programme.
adding 90.84 MLD of water at a cost of UIDSSMT GRANT: So far 98 projects
Rs.212.59 Crores. costing Rs.3399.35 Crores were cleared in
After commissioning of the above Water various SLSCs covering 76 ULB’s. The
Supply Schemes, the Water Supply scenario Funding Pattern is 80 % and 10 % grant by
in the State is as follows: Central Government and State Government
The normal daily water supplies in various respectively and the balance 10% and
Urban Local Bodies are varying from 65 Inadmissible component could be raised by
LPCD to 100 LPCD and water supply is the ULB/ nodal/ implementing agencies from
regulated as detailed below. the financial institutions. In our state, the
Daily 81 ULB share is being borne by the State Govt.
Alternate Days 30 Out of the 98 projects sanctioned, 68 are
Once in three days 08 under water sector costing Rs.2268.22
Once in four days & above 03 Crores, 12 are under Sewerage sector costing
Other Sources: Rs.625.86 Crores, 13 are under Storm Water
o Total 34,293 bore wells are existing costing Rs.374.40 Crores, 4 are under Roads
(Power & Hand bores) in 122 Urban local costing Rs.127.00 Crores and 1 under Solid
bodies. 33,119 bore wells are Waste costing Rs.3.87 Crores.
functioning. Status:
o At Present 901 tankers are making 4,119 Out of 98 projects sanctioned, so far GOI has
trips per day to un-served areas in 122 released funds in respect of 84 Projects and 2
Urban Local Bodies. projects converted into UI&G. Out of these
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban 98 projects, 12 Projects of water supply and 2
Renewal Mission (JNNURM): Projects of SWD and 1 project of UGD and 1
Government of India has launched the project of road are completed and the
JNNURM in the year 2005-06 with a remaining projects are in progress.
budgetary provision of Rs.50,000 Crore for a Status of UIDSSMT GRANT:
period of seven years. The mission will Of the 68 schemes sanctioned, the GOI has
initially cover about 60 cities and provide released funds to 62 schemes. All the 68
grant assistance to them for specified Water Supply Schemes have been grounded

189
with an estimated cost of Rs.2268.32 Crores. Presently only one town, Tirupathi is fully
30 Schemes have been completed/ covered with under ground drainage system
commissioned so far with an estimated cost in the ongoing schemes. Eluru, Rajamundry,
of Rs.786.60 Crores duly adding 296.44 Guntur, Nellore and Tenali are covered about
MLD of water. The Govt. has decided to 10% to 20%. Works of under ground
release about Rs.150.00 Crores during this drainage system are in progress in Tadipatri
financial year to these 12 schemes (i.e. WS-6, and Pulivendula towns.
SWD-3, UGD-3) and the balance amount to UIDSSMT- Under Ground Drainage:
be taken up with HUDCO loan / any grant. 12 Under Ground Drainage schemes are
IHSDP GRANT: sanctioned by GOI at an estimated cost of
31 projects costing Rs.387.87 Crores have Rs.625.86 Crores. All the 12 sanctioned
been sanctioned covering 30 ULB’s in May schemes are grounded, but GOI has released
2008. Further between December, 2008 and funds to 9 schemes only. The Govt. of A.P.
August 2009, 12 projects costing Rs.92.43 has decided to release about Rs.150.00
crores have been sanctioned covering 11 Crores during 2010-11 to these 12 schemes
ULBs.(Total 43 projects costing – Rs.480.30 (i.e. WS-6, SWD-3, UGD-3) and the balance
Crores). The Funding Pattern is 80:10:10 amount to be taken up with HUDCO loan /
between Central Government, State any grant.
Government and ULB. By March 2011, the 3 UGD schemes costing
Status: Out of 43 Projects, the Government Rs.146.38 Crores under UIDSSMT and 1
entrusted the execution of 30 Projects costing UGD scheme costing Rs.78.38 Crores under
Rs.409.86 Crores to Engineer-in-Chief (PH), plan are targeted for completion. Balance 9
for which an amount of Rs.148.91 Crores schemes costing Rs.479.49 Crores under
have been released towards Central and State UIDSSMT are likely to be completed in the
share. 30 projects are grounded and are in next financial year.
progress. MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION
HUDCO GRANT: 15 Nos. of schemes are Urban Sanitation – Door to Door Garbage
under progress with HUDCO loan (14 WS & Collection:
1 UGD) at a cost of Rs.542.83 Crores. Out of 8.22 There are 124 Urban Local Bodies i.e.
these, 2 water supply schemes and 1 UGD 110 Municipalities and 14 Corporations in
are completed and the balance schemes are in the State, except Greater Hyderabad
progress. Municipal Corporation (GHMC). The total
PLAN GRANT: 14 Projects are taken up garbage generated is 7105 MTD and the
with Plan grants (11 WS, 1 UGD, 1 SWD, 1 garbage lifted is 6668 MTD (94%). About
Traffic and Transportation) at a cost of 92% of the 28,50,310 households in these
Rs.276.63 Crores to add 67.85 MLD. Out of ULBs were covered. The length of drains
these, 7 water supply schemes are completed cleaned is 20,800.35 kms against total drains
and the balance schemes are in progress. length of 23612.39 kms (88%). The length of
ACTION PLAN: By March 2011, the 25 roads swept is 17,975.66 kms as against the
water supply schemes costing Rs.966.88 total roads of 20,257.00 kms length kms
crores under UIDSSMT, 11 water supply length (88%).
schemes costing Rs.342.63 crores under Municipal Solid Waste Management
HUDCO and 3 water supply schemes costing The 12th Finance Commission has
Rs.50.23 crores under plan are targeted for recommended an allocation of Rs. 374.00
completion, duly adding 403.29 MLD. By crores to the State during the years 2005-10.
completing all the above said schemes, the Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken a
installed capacity will be raised from 1346.48 decision to utilize the entire amount for
MLD to 1749.77 MLD and thereby the implementation of Solid Waste Management
average water supply will be raised from 85 in the ULBs and an amount of Rs. 374.58
LPCD to 106 LPCD. lakhs was released to the ULBs so far. The
Under Ground Drainage Schemes: emphasis is mainly on acquisition of land for

190
compost yards. Government decided to • Provision of adequate water, drainage
utilize TFC grants for acquisition of Land for system, street lighting, roads etc., with an
the purpose of compost yards in the State on emphasis on basic infrastructure in areas
need basis. inhabited by the poor people.
The following is the status of availability of • Ration cards to households to all eligible
land in the ULBs. people below poverty line.
• No. of ULBs having no land - 10 • Providing houses to eligible houseless
• No. of ULBs having partial land under permanent Housing / VAMBAY
(below 10 acres) - 91 schemes.
• No. of ULBs having adequate land- 22 • Providing minimal infrastructure in
(more than 15 acres) community and religious institutions like
Instructions were already issued to the temples mosques, churches etc.,
Municipal Commissioners to purchase land • Creating sufficient employment
where no/ inadequate land is available for opportunities through building of
composting as per norms. required skills.
Waste to Energy Projects: Under the programme a total no. of 748
All Urban Local Bodies are grouped into 19 assurances have come up with a cost of
clusters for management of Municipal Solid Rs.4296.16 crores and a total no. of 615
Waste in Urban Local Bodies. Approvals assurances have been redressed with an
have been accorded to 5 Waste to Energy amount of Rs.3021.57 crores.
Projects after the recommendations of the Mission for Elimination of Poverty in
Technical Committee and State Level Municipal Areas (MEPMA)
Official Committee covering 67 ULBs in 5 Indira Kranthi Patham - Urban
clusters. Main objective of MEPMA is to organize the
INDIRAMMA Programme poor women into SHGs by covering all
The State Government have announced a families living in the slums and enable them
scheme for Integrated Novel Development in to become self managed and self reliant.
Rural Areas and Model Municipal Areas There are 23.29 lakh members in 2.33 lakh
called “INDIRAMMA”. Women Self Help Groups. A total of 7,182
The scheme is aimed to develop all the wards Slum Level Federations and 56 Town Level
in the Municipal Area over a period of three Federations have come into existence up to
years by saturating them with identified basic Jan, 2011.
infrastructure facilities and welfare measures Another, 1.27 lakh Persons with Disabilities
in a focused and time bound manner. (PWDs) are also organized into 10,416
Government have notified a total no. of 1280 exclusive SHGs, 118 Town Vikalangula
wards in the 1st phase, 1395 wards in the 2nd Samakyas (TVSs) and 114 Parents
phase and 1286 wards are covered under 3rd Associations of Persons with Mental
phase. Rehabilitation (PAPWMRs) formed in the
Pensions Under Indiramma Programme State.
The old age, widow, weaver and disabled Skill Training for Employment Promotion
persons are assisted by way of pensions. In amongst Urban Poor (STEP-UP): This
1st Phase total No. of 2,06,350 Pensioners, in component of SJSRY will focus on providing
2nd Phase 2,64,011 Pensioners and in the 3rd assistance for skill formation/ upgradation of
phase 1,87,563 pensioners have been assisted the urban poor to enhance their capacity to
under INDIRAMMA Programme. undertake self-employment as well as access
Rajiv Nagara Bata Programme better salaried employment. During 2010-11,
Government of Andhra Pradesh has launched 3400 persons were trained and 2640 persons
an innovative programme called “Rajiv got placement so far.
Nagara Bata Programme (RNBP) from 9th
January, 2005 in all the Urban Local Bodies Urban Self Employment Programme: To
with the following objectives: assist the individual urban poor beneficiaries

191
for setting up gainful self employment Associations in urban areas. So far, 10,255
ventures and Micro Enterprises, during the were profiled and 12 MACs were formed
year, 7,102 un-employed individual urban under this initiative.
poor were sanctioned with 25% subsidy. Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY): The
SHG Bank Linkage : SHG-Bank Linkage Government has announced a new scheme
programme has now made MEPMA one of called “Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY)” for the
the premier players in micro financing slum dwellers and the urban poor. This
segment in the state. During 2010-11(up to scheme aims at providing Central support to
Jan,11), Rs.1221.06 crores bank loans were States that are willing to assign property
provided to 77,354 groups. rights to slum dwellers. MEPMA is the
PAVALA VADDI (Interest Subsidy) : Nodal Agency to create a Slum-free Andhra
Under the scheme “PAVALAVADDI” Pradesh through implementation of RAY.
through which the interest burden of the o Draft Andhra Pradesh Slum
group members is subsidized to the extent of (Identification, Redevelopment,
over 3% of rate of interest charged by the Rehabilitation and Prevention) Act, 2010
banks. This scheme is made applicable with prepared.
effect from 1st July, 2005. During 2010-11, o Slum profiling is completed in all 125
an amount of Rs.142.66 Crores of Interest ULBs in the state.
Subsidy has been released. o Phasing of cities completed (1st Phase :
DR.Y.S.R. Abhaya Hastham / Insurance : 25 ULBs, 2nd Phase : 63, 3rd Phase : 37).
This is a co-contributory pension cum o GIS based slum mapping commenced in
insurance scheme visualized by the 14 ULBs.
Government for the SHG women over and o Socio economic household survey started
above age group of 18 in urban and rural in 34 ULBs.
areas to provide social security after attaining o AP Slum Free State Plan of Action
the age of 60 years. Under this scheme, prepared for 25 ULBs with an estimated
2,07,934 SHG members were enrolled and cost of Rs.4824 Crores for 1st year and
12,058 eligible pensioners were getting Rs.24568 crores for 5 years is submitted
pensions. to GoI.
Janasri Bhima Yojana (JBY) : This
programme was launched during the month
***
of Oct, 2010 for uncovered SHG members HYDERABAD METROPOLITAN
under YSR Abhayahastam. Under this DEVLOPMENT AUTHORITY
programme, upto now, 1,56,262 were
enrolled by covering SHG Members, (HMDA)
Rikshaw Pullars, Domestic Workers and self 8.23 The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development
employed and Differently Able Persons in a Authority (HMDA) was constituted on
phased manner. 24.8.2008 (previously known as HUDA) for
Street Vendors : As part of the National the purpose of planning, co-ordination,
policy, the strengthening and sustainability of supervising, promoting and securing planned
the livelihoods of the Street Vendors (SVs) development of the Hyderabad Metropolitan
has been proposed to be implemented in all Region. The important development
ULBs in the State. So far 90,000 Street programmes implemented are:
Vendors profiled and Draft AP Street 1. P.V.N.R. Elevated Expressway:
Vendors (Protection of Livelihoods and The Project has been taken up on EPC method
Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2010 is to provide express connectivity to the
prepared. International Airport at Shamshabad. The
Rickshaw Bandu : The long-term objective main elevated corridor of 11.60 Kms,
of this intervention is to enable and empower underpass at Aramgarh junction on NH-7,
the Rickshaw pullers and their families to Trumpet Interchange at Shamshabad and
improve their quality of life through their widening of Inner Ring Road-Bowli to

192
Aramgah junction is completed. Intermediate for Rs. 310 Crores for “Hussain Sagar Lake
ramps works are in progress and lilkely to be and Catchment Area Improvement Project”.
completed by March, 2011. The total The Project period is 2006-12.
estimated cost of the project is Rs.600.00 Project Progress:
crores. The flyover was thrown open to public • M/s. NJS Consultants of Japan were
during the year 2009. appointed as Project Management
2.Flyover at Lunger House Junction: Consultants for preparation of DPRs and
To tackle the heavy traffic congestion at construction and supervision of the
Lunger House Junction on Hyderabad Project.
Chevella Road, a flyover is constructed, with • The works of construction of 30 Mld STP
a length of 750 meters and width of 15 at Picket Nala, 5 Mld STP at
meters. The total cost of the project is Rs.17 Rangadhamuni Cheruvu, upgradation of
crores. The flyover was thrown open to 20 Mld STP at Balkapur Nala are in
public during February, 2010. progress.
• The shoreline improvement activity under
3. ROB on Spinal Road at Kukatpally: Shore Area Development is in progress.
The Spinal Road connecting NH-9 to • I&D works at Picket Nalla, Balkapur
Madhapur area is completed by HMDA. The Nalla, Fatehnagar, Prakash Nagar and
construction of ROB on Spinal Road at Necklace Road at Kukatpally Nalla are
Kukatpally near MMTS Station is taken up nearing completion.
as a 4-lane divided carriageway with 910 mts • The works of 1600mm dia RCC Ring
length and 21.5 mts Width at an estimated Main from Kukatpally Nala at Necklace
amount of Rs. 24.38 Crores. 70% works are Road to Buddha Bhavan, 1600mm RCC
completed and the balance works are lilkely Pipe Jacking at Boats Club, Trunk Main
to be completed by March, 2011. and diversion weir at Rangadhamuni
4. Flyover at Hitech City Junction: Lake (IDL), 1400mm RCC Bala Nagar
The construction of flyover at Hitech City Main are in progress.
junction is takenup to decongest the traffic • The Installation of Aeration Equipment
and to avoid conflict at the junction on the works are in progress.
Spinal road from Kukatapally to Hitech City, Outer Ring Road Project – Status:
at an estimated cost of Rs.26.00 crores. It is a Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken
4 lane carriageway with a length of 705 up major infrastructure facilities in
meters and width of 15 meters. The flyover Hyderabad City and one among them is
was thrown open to public during October, construction of Outer Ring Road. The 158
2010. Km long Outer Ring Road passes through
Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area Patancheru (on NH-9) – Kandlakoi near
Improvement Project funded by Japan Medchal (on NH-4) – Shamirpet (on Rajiv
International Cooperation Agency Rahadari) – Ghatkesar (on NH-202) – Pedda
Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area Amberpet (on NH-9) – Shamshabad (on NH-
Improvement Project covers aspects of 7) – Patancheru (on NH-9) providing
improvement of lake water quality by connectivity to various National Highways,
preventing pollutants entering into the lake, State Highways and MDRs. The ORR is
catchment area improvement and being taken up as an eight lane access
construction of additional STP, upgradation controlled expressway with a design speed of
of existing STP, dredging the contaminated 120 KMPH. In addition, 2-lane service roads
sediments of the lake bed and increasing the on either side are being provided. The entire
eco-tourism potentiality. project is being implemented in 3 phases.
The project cost is Rs. 370 Crores, of which Phase-I - From Gachibowli to Shamshabad-
JICA is funding Rs. 310 Crores as a soft 24.38 Km. The works are taken up in
loan. The Government of India and JBIC contract packages at an estimated cost of
have entered into an agreement on 31-3-2006 Rs.699 crores and works commenced in July

193
2006. 4-lane of ORR was completed and the RURAL DEVELOPMENT
stretch opened for traffic during November,
2008. 8- lane ORR was opened to traffic in 8.24 The Commissionerate of Rural
July 2010. The phase-I works are expected to Development is implementing the Rural
be completed in all respects including service Development Programmes viz., Watershed
roads by March, 2011. The financial progress Development Programme, Self Help Groups
of work by the end of September, 2010 is and related Programmes and Employment
Rs.413.52 crores on both the packages. Guarantee Scheme. The Rural Population of
Phase-IIA: From Narsingi to Patancheru and Andhra Pradesh is 554.01 Lakhs consisting
Shamshabad to Pedda Amberpet of length of 73% of total population with about 126
62.30Km is divided into 5 contract packages. lakh Rural House holds. Appropriate
These works (with an estimated cost of Rs. planning, scientific approach and efficient
2439 Crores) are taken up on BOT (Annuity) management will make possible to increase
basis. Works are commenced in December, the productivity of degraded lands and create
2007. Two packages i.e., AP-4 and AP-5 huge employment opportunities for the poor.
from Bhongir to Tukkuguda and Tukkuguda Development of degraded lands is an
to Shamshabad respectively have been important input required for eradication of
completed. Package AP-3 from Pedda poverty.
Amberpet to Bhongir is expected to be Towards this direction, Watersheds
completed soon. Development Programmes (DPAP, DDP,
Two Packages AP-1 and AP-2 from Narsingi IWDP), Comprehensive Land Development
to Kollur and Kollur to Patancheru Programmes (Indira prabha under RIDF IX,
respectively are expected to be completed by X, XIII, XV) and Wage Employment
March, 2011. The fuctional progress of work Programmes (MGNREGS-AP) are being
by the end of September, 2010 is Rs.1579.24 implemented in the state. All the 3
crores on all the 5 packages. programmes are being implemented and
Phase-IIB: From Patancheru to Pedda monitored through the software solution
Amberpet via Kandlakoi, Shamirpet, RAGAS ((Rashtra Grameena Abhivridhi
Ghatkesar of length 71.30 Km is divided into Samacharam). The entire data is every day
6 contract packages. The estimated cost is uploaded into central server and the reports
Rs.3,558 Crores and are being taken up with are visible in respective websites, thus
the loan assistance of JICA. The 3 Packages bringing in transparency and accountability
works from Patancheru to Shamirpet were in these programmes.
commenced in June, 2009 and to be
completed by November, 2011. Watershed Development Programmes
The 3 packages works from Shamirpet to Watershed programmes are concentrated
Pedda Amberpet were commenced in June, only in rainfed areas which have undulating
2010 and programmed to be completed by terrain and are prone for degradation of soil
November, 2012. The financial progress of (soil erosion). These areas are generally
work by the end of September, 2010 is characterized by very poor groundwater
Rs.411.61 crores on all the 6 packages. profile. The programme envisages demarking
Hyderabad Metro Rail Project: 500 hectare area as a micro watershed. The
Hyderabad Metro Rail Project is being taken watershed so delineated is treated for
up on three high density traffic corridors of conservation of soil and moisture by
Hyderabad city spanning over 71 km. The following ridge to valley approach.
estimated cost of the Project is Rs.12,132 A series of structures like sunken pits,
crore and the Project is being implemented in rockfill dams, percolation tanks, check dams,
ppp mode under the Viability Gap Funding farm ponds, earthen bunding, vegetative
(VGF) scheme, with the approval of GoI. barriers, plantations etc., are constructed to
reduce the velocity of water and allow
*** percolation. They also control soil erosion
and improve vegetative cover on the land so

194
as to augment productivity. far, 9,301 Watersheds covering an area of
The progress of watersheds is shown in Table 46.50 Lakh ha. is taken up for Watershed
8.26. Development. 4,741 Watersheds with an area
of 23.70 lakhs are completed. Presently the
Table 8.26 following schemes are under implementation.
Progress of Watersheds
(No.)
Sanctioned Completed Under I. Drought Prone Area Programme –
Scheme (DPAP/DDP)
progress
DPAP 4,242 1,608 2,634 It is a centrally sponsored scheme funded by
DDP 1,054 206 848 Central and State on 50:50 basis upto IVth
IWDP 1,499 421 1,078 batch i.e., 1998-99 and on 75:25 cost sharing
Others basis from 1999-2000 onwards. It is aimed at
(EAS, APRLP, 2,787 2,506 -
APHM) developing the drought prone areas with an
Total 9,582 4,741 4,560 objective of drought proofing by taking up
Source: Rural Development Department soil and moisture conservation, water
harvesting structures, afforestation and
In order to combat the recurring drought horticulture programmes on a comprehensive
conditions in the state, Watershed micro watershed basis. DPAP scheme is
Development Programmes are being being implemented in 94 DPAP Blocks of 11
implemented under centrally sponsored districts and Desert Development Programme
schemes of DPAP, DDP and IWDP. (DDP) is being implemented in the 16 Blocks
Integrated Natural Resources Management, of Ananthapur District since 1995-96. The
following the ridge to valley approach, in Achievements are shown in Table 8.27.
selected micro watersheds of approximately
500 ha area, with total participation of the Table 8.27
local community is the main objective of the Achievements under DPAP/ DDP
Watershed Development Programme. Soil 2009-10 2010-11(upto
Items (Oct09- Sep’2010)
and Moisture Conservation, Water March 2010)
Harvesting, Ground Water Recharge, No. of Watersheds:
Improvement of vegetation and Bio-mass, DPAP 4242 4242
Wasteland Development etc., are the main DDP 1054 1054
components of Watershed Development Expenditure(Rs.Crores)
Programmes. Apart from these activities, DPAP 25.62 10.22
promotion of Watershed based livelihoods DDP 10.22 12.89
for the resource poor is also included as one
important component since 2004, after the II. Integrated Wasteland Development
Andhra Pradesh Rural Livelihoods Project Programme (IWDP)
supported by DFID provided the necessary Depletion of green cover and vast stretches
learnings on providing sustainable of marginal lands lying fallow, found to be
livelihoods to the rural poor. The GoI had causing enormous ecological imbalance and
issued comprehensive Guidelines on productivity is also negligent on account of
Watershed Development Projects in 1995 soil erosion and marginalization of lands. To
and revised them from time to time. In 2003- arrest this, massive integrated wasteland
04, Hariyali Guidelines were issued by GoI development project was taken up in 1992
to provide more role for the Gram with 100% central assistance. The
Panchayats. In 2008, GOI have issued New programme of dry land development in the
Common Guidelines for Watershed state. under went a major change from 1995-
Development Projects bringing all schemes 96 with the introduction of new watershed
under one umbrella and providing for cluster guidelines. IWDP is implemented in non-
approach wherein, contiguous areas upto DPAP blocks of DPAP Districts and in all
5,000 ha. will be taken up for treatment. So Non-DPAP Districts. The new guidelines

195
called Hariyali, are implemented in the of 50% of physical and financial benefits
watersheds from the year 2003-04. The area would go in favour of SCs and 10% for STs.
is treated with soil and moisture conservation The Project was launched in November 2004.
works, water harvesting structures, An amount of Rs.670.01 crores has been
afforestation from ridge to valley concept. sanctioned under RIDF-IX, X, XIII and XV
The achievements are: Projects covering an area of 6.31 lakh acres
2009-10 2010-11 belonging to 4.46 lakh families. RIDF-IX
(Oct 09- (upto and RIDF-X were launched in November
Mar 2010) Sep’2010)
------------------- -------------------- 2004 and RIDF-XIII was launched in
No. of Watersheds - 1499 1499 October 2008 and RIDF-XV was launched in
Expenditure (Rs. Cr)- 20.29 18.15 January-2010.
RIDF-IX: NABARD has sanctioned 827
III. Integrated Watershed Management Projects with financial outlay of Rs.200.31
Programme(IWMP) crores. An expenditure of Rs.152.00 crores
This is a centrally sponsored scheme funded has been incurred and 1.73 lakh acres area
by Central and State Government on 90:10 developed benefiting 1.29 lakh families. The
basis. The main aim of IWMP is to restore project is completed.
the ecological balance by harnessing, RIDF-X: NABARD has sanctioned 836
conserving and developing degraded natural Projects with financial outlay of Rs.248.60
resource such as soil, vegetative cover and crores. An expenditure of Rs.184.00 crores
water. The outcomes are prevention of soil has been incurred and 1.76 lakh acres area
run-off, regeneration of natural vegetation, developed benefiting 1.36 lakh families. The
rain water harvesting and recharging of the project is completed.
ground water table. This enables multi- RIDF–XIII: NABARD has sanctioned 22
cropping and introduction of diverse agro- projects, one in each district, with a financial
based activities, which helps to provide outlay of Rs. 150.26 crores. An expenditure
sustainable livelihoods to the people residing of Rs. 81.20 crores has been incurred and
in the watershed area. the project is under progress.
RIDF –XV : NABARD has sanctioned 19
IWMP programme has defined appropriate projects in 19 districts, with a financial outlay
institutional arrangements, budget of Rs.70.83 crores . The project is under
allocations, capacity building strategies and progress.
project management cycle. The proposed An amount of Rs.486 crores was released so
processes integrate gender, equity and far under RIDF-IX,X,XIII &XV and an
livelihood concerns in the framework of amount of Rs.418 crores has been spent as on
Watershed Development programme. 30.09.2010 and 3.61 lakh acres has been
The achievements under this programme are: developed.
2009-10 2010-11
(Oct 09- (upto
V. NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT
Mar 2010) Sep’2010) GUARANTEE SCHEME
-------------- ----------------- National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
No. of Watersheds- 110 171 gives legal guarantee of providing at least
Expenditure (Rs. Cr)- 2.18 3.04 100 days of wage employment to rural
households whose adult members are willing
IV. Indira Prabha: Comprehensive Land to do unskilled manual labour. This
Development Project( CLDP)The main programme is implemented in 22 districts of
objective of the scheme is to provide the state except in Hyderabad. The Act also
Integrated and Comprehensive Livelihood gives entitlements like worksite facilities
options centered and development of such as safe drinking water, shade at
compact blocks of assigned land owned by worksite, crèche for the children under five
poor SC , ST, BC and Others. A minimum years etc. If an applicant for employment

196
under the scheme is not provided such to check corruption and to enhance the
employment with the receipt of application accountability to people. So far more than
within 15 days, he shall be entitled to a daily 9,000 functionaries have been either
unemployment allowance. The rate of terminated from their services or disciplinary
unemployment allowance shall be ¼ of the actions have been initiated. These include
wage rate for the first 30 days and half-of-the 4,791 officials dismissed, 1772 suspended,
wage rate for the remaining entitled period of FIR booked against 578 Functionaries and
the financial year. Departmental enquiry initiated against 1862
The program has been grounded in AP on a functionaries.
strong footing with the following non- Rural Standard Schedule of Rates RSSR :
negotiables. Rural Standard Schedule of Rates has been
• Every registered rural household shall be prepared by conducting work time motion
provided not less than 100 days of wage studies. This is an initiative first of its kind in
employment in a financial year. rural development which ensured earning of
• Payment of wages shall be made at least minimum wage by workers. 30% additional
once in a fortnight. allowance is paid to disabled groups through
• Equal wages shall be paid to men and out the year in order to compensate for the
women. low output due to disability.
• Contractors and labour displacing Wage Payments through Post Office
machinery shall not be engaged. Accounts/ Smart Card:
• Works approved by the Grampanchayath To avoid middlemen and to make the
(identified in the Gram Sabha) at village payments directly to the labor, wage
level, the Mandal Parishad at Mandal payments are being made through individual
Level and the Zilla Parishad at District Post Office Accounts and Biometric Smart
level only shall be taken up. Cards. So far 1.4 Crore individual postal
Best Practices - MIS: accounts are opened. Biometric smart card
Total program is run through a specially MGNREGS payments are being
designed Transformation based Management implemented in order to ensure timely
information system to make it more payments and minimize the possibility of
accountable and transparent. This helped to fraudulent payments. So far Biomeric cards
minimize corruption and to minimize the are issued to 42.43 lakh beneficiaries as
time taken for various processes. Pay slips against the targeted 115.57 lakh
are generated in Computer and distributed to beneficiaries. An amount of Rs.997.44 crores
the labour at their door steps. Pay slips carry is paid through the Biometric cards so far.
information about the amount of wages
deposited in the accounts of labour. Entire Major initiatives under MGNREGS-AP:
information about Job card holders, works, 1. Comprehensive restoration MI tanks
muster rolls, expenditure, and progress are 68,685 tank works are taken up on 25,500
placed in public domain through website tanks with an estimated cost of Rs. 6314
nrega.ap.gov.in. The above information can crores. Out of which 40,983 tank works are
be accessed at District, Mandal, Village and completed. So far Rs 3031.5 crores has been
household level. spent, stabilizing 16.8 lakh acres.
Social Audit :
A full-fledged Social Audit Unit system is 2. Project Mode Planning of Works
established at the State level with exclusive Project mode planning of works is taken up
Staff. This Unit works independently and through which works are identified in ridge
reports to Government. So far Social Audit to valley concept. This system ensures good
has been conducted in 1,095 mandals in 22 quality assets and results in a more
Districts in the 1st round; 895 mandals in 2nd purposeful way for monitoring and technical
round, 310 mandals in 3rd round and 8 supervision of works. The following works
mandals in 4th round. This is an effective tool are taken up under Project mode.

197
1. Land Development Project Special strategy – ITDAs (Tribal Region)
2. Drainage Line Treatment Project Rubber plantation at Rampachodavaram in
3. Drains and Channels Project 31,000 acres in 6 yrs period with the Unit
4. Irrigation Facility Project Cost of Rs. 45,000/- per acre and Coffee
5. Sustainable Agriculture Project plantation at Paderu in 1 lakh acres from
6. Horticulture and Plantation Project 2009-10 onwards with a unit cost of
7. Minor Irrigation Restoration Project Rs.24,000 per acre are planned to takeup.
8. Public Institutions Development Project
9. Drinking Water Tanks Project Awards
10. Road Connectivity Project The NREGS-AP software and website have
11. Afforestation Project been recognized as one of the best ICT
12. Flood Control Project solutions in the Country and world wide. So
13. Forest Protection Project far ICT solution of NREGS –AP has won the
14. Common Property Resources Land following awards.
Development Project i. Award for Excellence in e-governance
2006.
3. Horticulture: ii. Manthan award for best e-content
Horticulture is taken up on the lands of the website 2007.
poor in 3.91 Lakh acres at an estimated cost iii. Bronze Medal in National e governance
of Rs.800 Crores. The ongoing SHM & awards for government website 2007-
APMIP projects are converged in this 2008.
initiative. Crops like Mango, Cashew, Sweet iv. Special mention at “Stockholm Challenge
orange, Sapota, Custard apple, Guava, Acid Award – 2008” on 22-05-08 for its
lime were taken up under horticulture. excellence in the use of Information
Technology.
4. Land Development: v. Finalist in Stockholm GKP awards 2007
An extent of 5.96 Lakh acres land lying vi. Runner up in Thailand e gov awards 2007
fallow belonging to SC/ST/ BPL families has
been developed. Land leveling, silt Convergence:
application, clearance of bushes, deep The Rural Development Department is also
ploughing etc. are some of the land implementing MGNREGS in Convergence
development works taken up. with the following line Departments:

5. Special strategy – Chenchu Primitive

S.No Department Projects handled
Tribal Group (PTG)
Horticulture project
A special strategy has been formulated
Horticulture and Mahatma Gandhi
exclusively for the ultra poor Chenchu 1
Department Grameen Horticulture
Primitive Tribal Group living in Nallamala Nurseries (MGHN)
forest region. Under this strategy, every Mahatma Gandhi
chenchu laborer is provided with continuous 2 Forest Department Grameen Vana
wage employment through out the year. Nurseries (MGVN)
Every chenchu labor is assured of Rs 1000 SERP (Society for
Sustainable
every month. 4 special chenchu offices 3 Elimination Rural
Agriculture Project
opened under the NREGS Chenchu Project at Poverty)
Achampet (MahabubNagar), Atmakur ITDA (Integrated
Road Project and
(Kurnool), Yerragondapalem (Prakasam) and 4 Tribal Development
others
Macherla (Guntur). PO, ITDA (Tribal Agency)
Welfare Dept.) Srisailam is fully empowered Panchayat Raj &
5 Road Project
to implement the programme. At chenchu Engineering Dept
gudem level – Strong convergence is made 6 Rural Water Supply
with Village Organisations.

198
 New Interventions Overview of NREGS is shown in Table 8.28.
Table 8.28 Overview of NREGS-AP
I. Electronic Fund management Sysytem
(eFMS) Item 2010-11
Cumulat
ive
eFMS is a centrally managed online money Total No. of Job Cards
transfer system which is established to ensure issued (lakhs) 4.16 118.52
smooth flow of MGNREGS funds in order to Total No. of works
achieve the MGNREGA Non-Negotiable of sanctioned (lakhs) 18.85 27.24
wage disbursement to the labourers within Total Value of works
15days. It tackles the fund related issues like sanctioned (Rs. Crores) 29,339 38,038
Deficit of funds in some mandals and Excess No. of Works
of funds in some others. Completed (lakhs) 2.68 11.08
Total Expenditure (Rs.
Electronic Muster and Measurement Crores) 4395 13,608
System (eMMS)eMMS is a system designed No. of Households
provided wage
to ensure complete transparency in the employment(lakhs) 60.96 88.12
programme implementation of MGNREGS No.of Individuals
by obtaining electronic data directly from provided wage
Worksite to the Website on day to day basis employment(Laks) 116.03 172.13
from all villages. Person days generated
( Crores) 31.34 119.64
The musters and measurements information No. of households
is sent electronically through mobile completed 100 days
technology. eMMS is being implemented in (lakhs) 8.20 31.72
Average no. of days
two districts (Visakhapatnam and employment provided
Rangareddy). Live musters are uploaded to per household 51.42 -
the server directly from the field and can be Average Wage rate per
viewed in the web on day to day basis. day per person -(Rs.) 97 89.2
No. of Mandals Social
II. An exclusive Quality control wing has been Audit completed 591 1095
established to ensure creation of durable
assets. 2nd round Mandals 173 895
3rd round Mandals 135 310
III. A strong vigilance wing is established to
No. of minor irrigation
ensure transparency and accountability. tanks (Indiramma
Cheru-vulu) taken up 13,546 68,685
Estimated amount of MI
IV. A Grievance helpline (Toll Free Phone Tanks (Rs. Crores) 1,693 6314
Number: 155321) supported by a call No. of Indiramma
center have been established for any Cheruvulu completed 7,848 40,983
grievance redressal. Expenditure on
Indiramma Cheruvu
(Rs. Crores) 693.8 3031.5
Source: Rural Development Department

199
Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees Poverty Alleviation and Social
Act-2002 (APWALTA) Assistance Programmes:
Government of Andhra Pradesh promulgated Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty
the Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees
Act-2002 to promote water conservation, Indira Kranthi Patham (IKP)
Tree cover and regulate the exploitation and 8.25 The main objective of Indira Kranthi
use of ground and surface water for Patham (IKP) is to enable all the rural poor
protection and conservation of water sources, families in the state to improve their
land and environment in the entire state. The livelihoods and quality of life. All
Act came into force with effect from 19-04- households below the poverty line, starting
2002. APWALTA Authority was constituted from the poorest of the poor are the target
for effective implementation of the Act and group of IKP. Convergence of Land, CMSA,
provision was made for the constitution of Dairy, Health, Education and Nutrition are
subsidiary Authorities at District and Mandal designed to overcome poverty. The Project
levels. emphasis is on livelihood issues of the poor,
In view of the indiscriminate drilling for bore poorest of the poor, with a focus on
wells, the ground water has been depleting sustainable rainfed farming systems, value
fast. Added to it unscientific and reckless addition to agriculture produce, job creation
drilling has resulted in failure of bores and non-farm employment opportunities and
leading to farmers incurring heavy losses. to reduce the risks faced by the poor through
Keeping this in view, the government of AP social safety nets and entitlements.
have suitably amended the APWALTA Act
and consequently, comprehensive Rules- IKP - Holistic Development Approach
2004 have also been brought out for effective
PoP household- centric

A d d itio n a l In c o m e o f R s .6 0 0 0 0 /
implementation of the Act.
All livelihoods and

The most important feature is introduction of human development

Single-Window Approach for speedy components

annum

converge to handhold
clearance of the applications for new bore
PoP HH
wells.
Jobs Self
Village level activists
Single-Window Approach: The farmers MGNR
EGS EGMM Employ
ment for
desiring to drill a bore will apply to the intense handholding
B e tte r H u m a n
D e v e lo p m e n t

Village Secretary / MRO. The MRO takes
Tracking the progress

In d ic a to rs

the feasibility of electricity from the made by each PoP HH

APTRANSCO and feasibility of ground thro’ DSS

water from the Ground Water Department.
Outcome based

performance
When both are feasible, the MRO gives
permission for drilling of new Building Strong / Sustainable Institutions
borewell.Failed Borewell compensation of the Poor:
scheme: All farmers who obtain permission The institutions of the poor that are already
for drilling of new agriculture borewells from formed have to be nurtured towards self
the concerned WALTA authority are covered management. To address needs of the more
under this “failed Borewell Compensation vulnerable sections of the society, it is
scheme”. If any bore well drilled after essential to have a focused approach for the
securing necessary permission from the poorest of poor members. Their concerns
concerned authority is failed the farmer will and priorities have to be accorded top
be eligible to get compensation up to priority. For stabilizing livelihoods of the
Rs.10,000. All the cases will be settled by the poor, existing institutional strength has to be
Project Director of the concerned. enhanced for managing relatively complex
operations building. At present there are
*** 109.79 lakh Self Help Group members in
9.75 lakh SHGs organized into 38,334

200
Village Organizations (VOs) and 1099 livelihood based interventions through Land
Mandal Samakhyas (MSs). In addition to the access to the poor, Sustainable Agriculture,
above there are 138 Mandal Vikalangula Dairy, Non-farm Livelihoods, Jobs for Rural
Sangams, 17 Chenchu Mandal Samakhyas, 7 Youth.
Fishermen Mandal Samakhyas and 20 Land represents a fundamental asset to the
Yanadi Mandal Samakyas in the State. rural families. It is a primary source of
Financial Access: income, security and status. Land access to
To encourage the poor including the poor is designed with the aim of enabling
disadvantaged groups and communities to and supporting the poor in getting enhanced
access the credit facility services seamlessly access to land in convergence with revenue
Community Investment Fund (CIF) from department. It facilitates the poor to have
project side, and linkages from bank side are control over their lands in terms of having
provided to the poor women SHG members secured title, handling their lands locked in
to improve their livelihoods. CIF supports courts/disputes. Under the Land Access
the poor in prioritizing livelihood needs by Programme up to October 2010, 3.85 lakh
investments in sub-projects proposed and cases related to land disputes of poor were
implemented by the Community Based resolved and created the accessibility of 4.72
Organizations (CBOs). The cumulative CIF lakh Acres to the SHG members. Out of
expenditure up to October 2010 is Rs.924.77 these, 1,58,769 are SCs and 65,874 are STs.
Crores and the total numbers of beneficiaries
are 25.78 lakhs. The SHG Bank Linkage is Community Managed Sustainable
a great success story in A.P. During the year Agriculture (CMSA) introduced in 2004 to
2010-11, SERP has facilitated Rs.2999.23 adopt sustainable agriculture practices to
crores of Bank Loans to 1,64,151 SHGs up reduce the costs of cultivation and increase net
to October 2010. The details of Bank linkage incomes. This initiative aims to address the
are given in Annexure 8.15. major causes of agriculture distress, which
Pavala Vaddi: includes extensive use of chemical inputs,
To reduce the financial burden on the self displaced local knowledge, unsustainable
help groups, “Pavala Vaddi” scheme was agricultural practices like mono- cropping and
introduced in the year 2004. Incentive is imperfect markets. The flagship programmes of
provided by the Government in the form of CMSA are Poorest of the Poor (PoP) Strategy,
reimbursement of interest above 3% per Rain Fed Sustainable Agriculture (RFSA) in
annum on the loans taken by the self help
POP fields, 36X36 models and System of Rice
groups under this scheme. During the year
Intensification in Paddy (SRI). A big
2010-11upto October 2010, Rs.193.74 crores
achievement is introduction of the land lease
were reimbursed to 5,67,332 groups, thus
totaling to Rs.777.60 crores since inception to the SHG members to promote CMSA
of the scheme. Detailed guidelines were practices in these lands. The main objective of
issued for e-transfer of Pavala Vaddi Rain Fed Sustainable Agriculture (RFSA) in
incentive amount to the Savings Bank POP fields to harvest rain water in-situ. In
accounts of eligible Self Help Groups convergence with NREGS, RFSA is
directly from Core Bank in order to ensure implemented in 21 districts. 36X36 models
that the Pavala Vaddi incentive reaches the have been promoted by CMSA as a tool to
eligible Self Help Groups concerned in time. achieve nutritional security at the household
A big achievement of the Government is to level. CMSA extensively promotes ‘System of
enact an ordinance to protect the women of Rice Intensification in Paddy (SRI)’ via cost
SHGs from exploitations by the Micro effective and resource efficient method of
Finance Institutions (MFIs) in the state. cultivation of Paddy.
Sustainable Livelihoods:
Community Managed Sustainable
To provide the Sustainable Livelihoods to the
Agriculture (CMSA) is meant to support the
poorest of the poor, SERP has made
poor farmers to adopt sustainable agriculture

201
practices to reduce the costs of cultivation mandal wise action plans have been prepared
and increase net incomes to improve and for all the 364 mandals covering 22 districts
sustain agriculture based livelihoods. It in the state. The action plan envisages all the
is proposed to cover 28 lakh Acres during backward and forward linkages connected to
Khariff 2010-11 for the benefit of 10 lakh the Dairy development activity. The action
farmers in 7,565 villages `in 503 mandals of plan includes raising of Andhra Pradesh
22 districts, out of which 25 lakh Acres were Bajra Napier (APBN) Fodder nurseries,
covered up to end of October 2010. In the propagation of the fodder in all villages,
last year, 18.15 lakh acres were covered cultivation of Azolla for feeding purposes,
under CMSA benefiting 4.57 lakh arranging drip irrigation to fodder plots,
farmers. The Flagship programmes identified establishment of Mineral mixture plants at 3
under CMSA during 2009-10 are Poorest of places in the state, conduct of Fertility
the Poor (POP) Strategy, 36 x 36 models and camps, deworming camps, starting of milk
SRI Paddy. POP strategy facilitates the land procurement centers, and training of
lease to the landless labourers and promotes community members in milk procurement
CMSA in these lands. SRI system of paddy techniques etc.
is cultivated in 0.25 Acre and 36 x 36 model The entire initiative is aimed at creating
or 7 tier model or poly crops in the remaining sustainable livelihood through dairying and
0.25 Acres to earn a net income of contributing Rs.10000 to Rs.15000 to the
Rs.50,000/- . This model benefitted 251 PoP family incomes. The PoP families in the 364
families last year and being implemented Dairy & CMSA mandals are being surveyed
with 700 PoP Households in Kharif 2010-11. and necessary steps are taken to induct Milch
Apart from this, more than 10,000 (36 x 36) Animals into the SC, ST PoP families in the
models have been grounded benefitting first phase. MCPs are being prepared for
10,000 families with household nutritional supply of Milch Animals through bank
security. In convergence with MGNREGS linkage and CIF.
Rain Fed Sustainable Agriculture (RFSA) is Value addition to the agriculture, horticulture
being implemented in 21 Districts. So far and Non-Timber Forest produce by
Rs.174.79 crore worth of rain water establishing collective Procurement Centers,
harvesting and cropping structures have been through VOs of IKP is being promoted in the
implemented benefitting 68,852 SC/ST project mainly to eliminate unfair trade
farmers. practices, to enhance the incomes, to provide
Dairy In collaboration with APDDCF Ltd., remunerative prices and to increase
and Balaji Dairy Chittoor, the SHGs and bargaining power of small and marginal
their federations have taken over 199 farmers, and also to generate profits for the
BMCUs covering 4200 Village Milk community organizations through creating a
Procurement Centers with 1,50,000 milk win-win situation among all the stake
producers and contributing 2.71 lakh liters of holders. The details of Marketing
milk per day in peak season and 1.79 lakh intervention are shown in Table 8.29.
liters of milk per day in lean season. The total dĂďůĞϴ͘ϮϵCollective Marketing
quantity of milk procured and supplied by the 2009- 2010-11
Item 2008-09
SHG managed BMCUs during the year 10 (Oct 10)
2009-10 is 77,122 MTs value of Rs.169.66 MMS Involved (No.) 845 835 420
crores. 69 Mini feed fixing plants have been VOs involved (No.) 1662 1443 616
sanctioned and commissioned under PM Families Covered 2.17 2.79 0.71
package and feed credit line has been (Lakh Nos.)
established in 341 villages. The Dairy Commodities 65 67 61
Handled(No)
development initiative has been extended to Volume (lakh Quintals) 59.30 65.60 22.30
364 mandals of dairy and CMSA
Turnover (Rs. Cr) 492.16 611.24 230.2 6
(Community Managed Sustainable
Agriculture) mandals during 2010-11. The Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department

202
During 2010-11 the VOs have procured a The Gender strategy envisages that the poor
total of 22.30 lakh Quintals of Agricultural women are able to access and control over
and NTFP commodities worth Rs.230.26 assets, incomes, all services available at
crores up to Oct.2010. village and individual level. Gender
Food Security: programme helps preventing discrimination
In the lean Agricultural season, many of the against girl child, tackling domestic violence,
rural poor have barely one square meal a day. helps women to increase their understanding
The Food Security Credit is a direct of intra family equity issues, decision
intervention to tackle the hunger gap in rural making levels, free mobility and necessity of
areas. Village Organizations (VOs) estimate building a safe environment. Under this
the balance requirement of SHG members, in component, 517 Mandal Level Social Action
respect of rice and other essential Committees are formed with the
commodities, negotiate and buy better quality membership of 4764 members. Community
of commodities at bulk, from the open Managed Family Counseling Centers run by
market and sell to their members at a price SHG women are 332. Number of Village
lower than the retail outlets. Under this Organization Social Action Committees
initiative, 4,58,676 families in 35,900 SHGs formed up to October 2010 are 12,751 with a
in 3,531 VOs were provided food security by membership of 96,892. Under all Villages
October 2010. Coverage Plan 1224 new villages were
Employment Generation & Marketing covered. Women are actively mobilized into
Mission (EGMM) was set up to address the V.O. Social Action Committees (VOSACs)
needs of the next generation of the large in the villages to work on social agenda and
network of SHGs created and nurtured by gender discrimination cases. Number of
IKP. It aims at to create employment/ cases dealt with by these committees and
employability for the rural/ tribal family counseling centers together are
underprivileged youth. It works in a public- 23,618 and number of cases resolved are
private partnership mode to identify, train 16,630 up to October 2010. SERP is playing
and place youth in entry level corporate jobs an important role to prevent infanticide by
in hospitality, retail, sales, tourism, banking, organizing women into Self Help Groups.
rural BPOs, manufacturing, textiles and
construction sectors. Total number of jobs Recognizing that people with Disabilities are
created up to 2009-10 is 2,26,997. An among the poorest and most vulnerable of the
extensive employment survey was conducted poor, IKP has adopted a participatory
in the rural areas across the state. It was development approach to support them by
planned to develop the database of the rural building their capacities to improve life skills
employed youth for assessing the training and self esteem. IKP has extended the
needs, work interests and thereby provide support to enhance their livelihoods by
employment/ employability for the rural creating accessibility to government benefits
youth. Number of persons/Youth placed and entitlements. Provision of assessment,
during the current year up to October 2010 treatment and rehabilitation services were
are 14,224. made through community managed
interventions. Intensive activities are carried
Social and Human Development: out in 138 mandals. 2,23,208 Persons with
Under Social and Human Development Disabilities (PWDs) are organized into
(addressing Millennium Goals), Social 24,505 exclusive SHGs both in the program
action for gender equity, recognizing the and non-programme mandals and formed 3
people with disabilities, among the poorest Zilla Samakhyas in the State. PWDs are
of the poor, Health & Nutrition intervention, given an assistance of Rs.195.81 crores
quality education through community through CIF, Bank Loans and Revolving
participation as inter- generational poverty Fund for enhancing their Livelihood.
alleviation strategy were covered. Further, 7291 Surgical Corrections were

203
carried out and 25,986 PWDs were issued deliveries, no low birth weight baby born, no
assistive devices at no cost to them in the maternal and infant deaths happened in 5638
programme mandals. Through Software for deliveries occurred among the members
Assessment of Disability for Access enrolled at 1100 nutrition centers.
Rehabilitation and Empowerment Under the Education, presently 545 Early
(SADAREM) all the Persons with Childhood Education (ECE), centers are
Disabilities shall be assessed a fresh functioning in 33 mandals in 11 districts with
recording percentage of disability and all the enrolment of 9502 children. The expansion
existing Disability Certificates shall be of ECE centers in tribal areas is under
replaced by re-accessing the persons with progress. It is proposed to start 450 more
disabilities by concerned District Medical ECE centers in tribal areas. The other
Boards. The Camps will be held in 3 phases. ongoing programs like Residential Bridge
So far 4.80 lakh PWDs covered as against course centers for children between the age
8.78 lakh in phase –I. It is proposed to cover group of 6 to 14 years are being run by the
1.50 lakh PWDs under Jansree Bheema Mandal Mahila Samakhyas and MV
Yojana (JBY) during 2010-11. It is proposed Foundation. RBCs for ST drop out youth run
for formation of Srama Shakti Sanghams by NGO, Koyathore Bata are in progress.
exclusively for PWDs in programme mandals Under this project 324 ST drop-out youth
under MGNREGS. It is proposed to mobilize were enrolled and 247 appeared the SSC
all PWDs in the state through 1100 Social public examination. In the scheme
Capital PWDs by covering @300 mandals Corporate Education for Weaker Sections,
per Quarter by Sept.2011. Centre for PWD SERP had facilitated admission to 7726
livelihoods is also created to provide Self students in 2008-09, and 6601 students in
Employment opportunities. 2009-10 and 5361 students in 2010-11, thus
The major goal of the Health & Nutrition totaling to 19,688 in private and reputed /
strategy under the APRPRP operates in a corporate junior colleges for two year
convergent mode with the line departments intermediate course integrated with focused
by looking at gaps in the existing public coaching for IIT – JEE / AIEEE / EAMCET.
health and nutrition services that are provided This is being seen as an inter-generational
by the line departments. It is being poverty alleviation strategy. Out of the
implemented in 241 pilot mandals covering candidates admitted, 29 students have
5088 Village organizations of the state. The secured meritorious ranks in the IIT-JEE
extensive health and nutrition strategies exam conducted during April’ 2010. 92% of
being adopted across 241 mandals include the students from the 2008-10 batch achieved
fixed schedule for regular capacity building first class marks in the public examination
of stakeholders at mandal and district levels, held in March, 2010. 76% of the students
institutionalization of the fixed Nutrition and from 2009-11 batch have achieved first class
Health Days (NH days) in convergence with marks in 1st year intermediate examinations
line departments and regular health savings held in March’ 2010. The success of the
by 2.83 lakh members in 2354 VOs to an scheme in past two years has generated a
amount of Rs.17.10 crores as safety nets for substantial demand for good quality
health emergencies. The intensive health and education at intermediate level among the
nutrition strategies focus on intensive health marginalized and economically vulnerable
CRP strategy. 550 best practitioners from the social categories.
pilot mandals are working as health CRPs. Financial achievements of IKP are given in
Since January 2007, the health CRPs strategy Annexure 8.16.
is being implemented in 1100 Nutrition cum
Accessing Social Safety Nets and
day care centers. The impact of prenatal and
Entitlements: To enable the SHG members
neonatal outcomes among the members
access to Social Safety nets and entitlements,
attended Nutrition cum day care centers a scheme is designed through Dr. Y.S.R.
shows - 100% safe deliveries, 88% normal Abhaya Hastham, AABY and Social Security

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Pensions. Government of Andhra Pradesh more efficient way of disbursing pensions
have introduced pension scheme for the SHG and has also plugged leakages in pension
women to provide income security in their distribution system.
old age and social security to all women SHG Poverty Alleviation and Social Assistance
members to enable them to lead secure life Programmes:
with dignity in old age. This scheme is
‘Self Help Group’ model has emerged as a
visualized for the SHG women over and key process in tackling eradication of poverty
above age group 18 in rural and urban areas in the state. It is envisaged to bring every
to provide social security in their old age.
women belonging to poorer section of the
This scheme envisages contribution of Re. 1
society into the fold of Self Help groups.
per day by the SHG woman and Government
Special budgetary provision is being made in
co-contribution of Re. 1 per day into her the state budget for Self Help groups apart
pension account. The contribution of the from the support from ongoing centrally
member and the co-contribution of the
sponsored scheme of Swarnajayanti Gram
Government periodically transferred to LIC
Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) programme of
of India for investing diligently for securing
self employment scheme. Banks are also
better returns on the investment. The corpus providing credit support to SHGs in a big
thus generated till the age of 60 years will be
way with interest subsidy to SHGs.
used for giving monthly pension of Rs. 500
Deprived poor families are being assisted
and maximum of Rs. 2,200 per month. It also
under pension programme and family benefit
covers insurance to the women in addition to
scheme.
the monthly pension on attaining the age of
60 years. 43,13,882 SHG members are Swarnajayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana
enrolled into Dr. Y S R Abhaya Hastham (SGSY)
scheme and an amount of Rs. 308.71 crores This is a centrally sponsored scheme funded
contributed by members has been transferred by the Government of India and the State
to LIC of India. 3.80 lakh members were Government in the ratio of 75:25. All the
sanctioned pensions under the scheme and existing schemes upto 1998 – 99 viz., IRDP,
receiving monthly pension amount of Rs. 500 TRYSEM, TOOLKITS, DWCRA, GKY and
per month. Under Aam Aadmi Bima MWS have been merged in the new scheme
Yojana 52 lakh landless agricultural labourer called SWARNAJAYANTHI GRAM
are provided insurance cover and 39 lakh SWAROZGAR YOJANA (SGSY). This
spouses of the SHG women are covered programme has come into existence w.e.f.
under Janshree Bima Yojana(JBY). The Zilla 1.4.99. The objective of the SGSY is to uplift
Samakhyas have verified the policy data and the poor families above the poverty line by
the claim settlement of the claims has providing them income generating assets
commenced. Village organizations today are through a mix of bank credit and
the nodal points of fund disbursal under Government subsidy. The key elements in
Social Security pensions. This has resulted this programme are the choice of activity

Social Safety Net

To cover the SHG members access to Social Safety Nets and Entitlements, “Dr YSR Abhaya
Hastam” – ‘Aam Aadmi Bheema Yojana (AABY)’ and Social Security Pensions were designed.
Government of Andhra Pradesh have introduced pension scheme for the SHG women to provide
income security in their old age and social security to all women SHG members to enable them
to lead secure life with dignity in old age. Dr YSR Abhaya Hastam provides co-contribution,
insurance and pension, which is first of it’s kind in the country. 43 lakh members have
enrolled into this scheme. All the eligible pensioners are assured by the Government, a
minimum of Rs. 500 and maximum of Rs.2200 per month on crossing 60 years and till now
3.80 lakh members are being paid pensions regularly on the first of every month at their door
steps.

205
based on local resources and aptitude as well The details of pensions are:
as the skills of Swarozgaries. Funds under 1. Old Age Pensions (OAPs)
the scheme will be utilized for providing During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs.
assistance to SHGs and individual 420.91 crores was provided in the budget. An
swarozgaris and for creating infrastructure amount of Rs. 387.77 crores released and Rs.
and for training of swarozgaris. The 368.99 crores was distributed to 14,53,187
performance of SGSY is given in Annexure pensioners. For the year 2010-11, an amount
8.17. of Rs. 316.27 crores has been provided in the
budget to cover 16,11,234 pensioners. An
Women Self Help Groups (SHGs)
amount of Rs. 237.20 crores has been
Self help movement through savings has
released and Rs. 265.69 crores is distributed
been taken up on massive scale for rural poor
women. The success of the Self Help Groups to 15,41,527 pensioners (upto October’2010).
in Andhra Pradesh has been a national model 2. Indiramma Pensions to Old Age Persons
& Widows
with 9.75 lakh of groups covering 109.79
During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs.
lakh of rural poor women.
1105.61 crores was provided in the budget to
Social Assistance Programmes
cover 46,00,554 pensioners under these
All the pensions which were looked after by categories. An amount of Rs. 1105.60 crores
the departments concerned have been was released and Rs. 1045.40 crores was
transferred to the Rural Development distributed to 42,07,958 pensioners. For the
department for implementation from the year year 2010-11, an amount of Rs. 1105.60
2006-07. The rate of pension is Rs. 200/- crores has been provided in the budget to
p.m. for all pensioners except disabled cover 46,00,554 pensioners under these
persons and Rs. 500/- p.m. for disabled categories. An amount of Rs. 829.20 crores
pensioners. A total of 71,96,034 pensions has been released and Rs. 528.24 crores is
are targeted to be distributed every month. distributed to 40,94,991 pensioners. (upto
During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. Oct’2010).
1913.69 crores was distributed to 64,93,317 3.Indiramma Pensions to Disabled Persons
pensioners. For the year 2010-11, an Disabled persons having a minimum of 40%
allocation of Rs. 1922.38 Crores was made in disability is the criteria for eligibility. A total
budget and the Govt. have released an of 8.84 lakhs disabled pensions are being
amount of Rs. 1441.77 Crores and Rs. assisted with an allocation of Rs. 476.50
1094.23 Crores is distributed to 65,13,326 crores. The rate of pension has been
pensioners. (upto Oct.’10). enhanced to Rs. 500/- p.m. from November
2008 onwards for all the Disabled
Social Security Pensions Pensioners. During the year 2009-10, an
New initiatives in Social Security Pensions amount of Rs. 476.50 crores was provided in
are - conducting of Integrated Comprehensive the budget to cover 8,84,246 pensioners. An
Field Survey (ICFS), door to door survey of amount of Rs 476.50 crores was released and
ration cards, pensions and housing Rs. 499.30 crores was distributed to 8,32,172
beneficiaries with a view to ensure accurate pensioners. For the year 2010-11, an amount
targeting of the welfare programmes. of Rs. 476.50 crores has been provided in the
Disbursements of pensions through Smart
budget to cover 8,84,246 pensioners. An
Cards and development of ‘Software For
amount of Rs 357.38 crores has been released
Assessment Of Disability For Access,
and Rs. 295.93 crores has been distributed to
Rehabilitation and Empowerment
(SADAREM)’ to assess the fresh recording
8,45,508 pensioners (upto Oct’2010).
percentage of disability. Government have 4. Toddy Tappers
decided to sanction pensions to AIDS patients Govt. have decided to sanction Old Age
who are on Anti Retroviral Treatment on par Pensions @ Rs. 200/- p.m. to Tappers who
with other pensioners. are the members of Toddy Cooperative
Societies (TCS) or to an individual Tapper

206
under the Tree For Tappers (TFT) Scheme largest proportion to the total household
and who have completed 50 years of age as income. The death of such a primary
on 1.2.2009. During the year 2010-11, an breadwinner should have occurred whilst he
amount of Rs. 24.00 crores has been or she is in the age group of 18 to 64 years
provided in the budget to cover 1,00,000 i.e., more than 18 years of age and less than
Tappers. An amount of Rs 18.00 crores has 65 years of age. An amount of Rs.5000/-
been released and Rs. 4.38 crores has been will be provided as a one time grant to the
distributed to 31,300 pensioners (upto bereaved family.
Oct’2010).
Table 8.30 Under the Family Benefit Scheme, During
Existing Pensions the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. 10.00
Scheme crores was provided in the budget and Rs.
2009-10 2010-11 7.50 crores was released and Rs. 7.50 crores
(upto Oct’10)
was distributed to 15000 families. For the
NOAP (Rs.Crores / No. of Pensioners)
Allocation 420.91 316.27
year 2010-11 an amount of Rs. 10.00 crores
Releases 387.77 237.20 has been provided in the budget and Rs. 5.00
Expenditure 368.99 265.69 crores has been released and Rs. 4.95 crores
Pensioners 1453187 1541527 has been distributed to 9904 families (upto
Indiramma Pensions to Disabled Persons Oct’2010).
Allocation
Releases
476.50
476.50
476.50
357.38
***
Expenditure 499.30 295.93 Remote and Interior Areas
Pensioners 832172 845508 Development (RIAD)
Indiramma Pensions to Old Age Persons & 8.26 Remote & Interior Areas Development
Widows Department as part of GAD has been formed
Allocation 1105.60 1105.60
for improving the Socio Economic conditions
Releases 1105.60 829.20
Expenditure 1045.40 528.24
of the people living in Remote & Interior
Pensioners 4207958 4094991
Areas. Among 913 mandals in 18 districts of
Toddy Tappers Andhra Pradesh, 332 mandals covering 5622
Allocation 24.00 Habitations have been identified as the
Releases 18.00 Remote and Interior Areas improving
Expenditure 4.38 infrastructure like Roads, Drinking water,
Pensioners 31300 Electrification, Health, Education, Women &
NFBS Child Welfare. The GA (RIAD) Department
Allocation 10.00 10.00 is implementing connectivity programme
Releases 7.50 5.00 under TFC and RIDF programme being
Expenditure 7.50 4.95 financed by NABARD and the works being
Families assisted 15000 9904
executed through Panchayat Raj /R&B
Source: Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty
Engineering wings. Apart from this, the
department monitors the implementation of
National Family Benefit Scheme
RIAD programme being implemented by
Government of India has introduced national
Energy, Education Health, Women & Child
Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) w.e.f.
Welfare, Youth employment department like,
15.08.1995 with three components. National
Energisation of Remote & Interior Areas,
Family Benefit Scheme is one of the
Construction of Sub-centers, PHCs, Hostel
components of NSAP. The aim of the
buildings and College buildings.
project is to provide a lump sum family
The connectivity programme as undertaken
benefit for households below the poverty line
by GA (RIAD) Department from 2006-07
on the death of the primary breadwinner in
under TFC grant and various tranches of
the bereaved family. The primary bread
RIDF through assistance of NABARD are as
winner will be the member of the household
follows:
male or female whose earnings contribute the

207
 Twelfth Finance Commission Works crores under Capacity Building.
An amount of Rs.175 Crores has been District plans for all the 13 BRGF Districts
sanctioned to RIAD Department @ Rs.43.75 were received from the District Planning
Crores per year for a period of 4 years Committees and the Annual Plan for the year
starting from 2006-07 under Twelfth Finance 2010-11 was approved by the High Power
Commission. Works worth 1 ½ times the Committee with an estimated cost of Rs
TFC Grant are taken up by this department as 518.70 crores for taking up 51,714 works. It
per the decision of High Level Committee. includes 11,128 works with an amount of Rs.
Accordingly, in all, the RIAD Department 107.70 crores under SC Sub-Plan and 6,797
has taken up 242 Road connectivity works works with an amount of Rs. 66.02 crores
worth about Rs.240 Crores through under ST Sub-Plan. An amount of Rs. 350.14
Panchayat Raj department and Rs.70 Crores crores has been released to the districts.
worth works through R&B department from 35,255 works worth of Rs.294.25 crores were
2006-07 to 2009-10. Out of which, 150 completed and the remaining works are in
works were completed worth Rs.105 crores progress.
under PR department and 4 works worth of
Rs.7.5 crores under R&B department. The
***
remaining works are at different stages of Rajiv Palle Bata
completion. 8.28 Rajiv Palle Bata is a programme
RIAD (NABARD) WORKS - (RIDF) involving dialogue between the Leader and
Programme people. As it is well known, people and their
Under RIDF (NABARD) works programme, elected representatives are the twin motors
309 Road connectivity works worth Rs.426 powering our vibrant democracy. During the
crores through Panchayat Raj department and process, people get an opportunity to
457 Road connectivity works worth Rs.812 represent their problems directly to their
crores through R&B department have been Leaders. The leadership, in turn, is benefited
taken up during the period from 2006-07 to by the public feed back about Governmental
2009-10. Out of which, 123 Road works policies. The resultant symbiosis reinforces
worth Rs.102 crores through Panchayat Raj the democratic process. During his visits to
department and 296 road works worth Rs.321 districts, Hon’ble C.M receives petitions and
crores through R&B department have been gives assurances to people serving
completed while other works are at different community needs.
stages of completion. The programme was started in 2004. In all
In addition, 99 Zilla Parishad school 54,541 petitions have been received in the
buildings worth over Rs.31 crores through entire state of which about 98.02% have been
Panchayat Raj department and 5 college responded to. In all, 1,195 assurances have
building extension works worth Rs.6 crores also been made during public interactions out
through R&B department have been taken of which, 1080 (90.38%) have been redressed
up. All these works in progress. and 107 (8.95%) assurances are under
Backward Region Grant Fund different stages of implementation while
(B.R.G.F.) 8(0.67%) are yet to be addressed.
8.27 Government of India have launched the The assurance given during the programme
B.R.G.F Programme commencing from was generally fulfilled by meeting the
2007-08. expenditure from the budget of respective
The main objective of the programme is to departments. However from 2005-06
redress regional imbalance in development onwards, Government have started
by providing funds for bridging critical gaps earmarking some plan funds under Rajiv
in local infrastructure. The programme is Palle Bata Scheme – which is meant to act as
being implemented in 13 selected districts in a limited cushion for sanction of works
the State with an allocation of Rs.335.28 where ever necessary. Upto 31.3.2010, an
crores under Development Grant and Rs.13 amount of Rs.438.22 crores has been

208
 sanctioned under the programme. for the 5th year. It was conducted from 19th
During 2010-11, an amount of Rs.25.00 April 2010 to 15th May 2010 in entire State,
Crores has been provided under the except Ranga Reddy and Hyderabad Districts
programme. Out of these funds, Rs.12.50 successfully because of the model election
Crores for taking developmental works. A code of conduct having been promulgated
Web-based Petition Monitoring System there in view of MLC elections.
(PMS) has been developed to monitor the Prajapatham focused on the following
redressed status on line from anywhere at any themes:
point of time. 1. Drinking Water 2.Assured power supply
3.MNREGS 4.Arogya sree Programme
Pulivendula Area Development Agency
5.Services available through 108 & 104
Villages in Andhra Pradesh are at different 6.Health – Information, Education &
stages of development. While those in the Communication (IEC) campaign 7. Street
prosperous regions of the State have achieved lights and domestic water supply in urban
significant development, a majority of the areas.
villages in backward areas remain under- The District Collectors were requested to
developed. On account of these, a more take proper follow up action to redress the
workable strategy for the Government was to grievances received during the Grama sabhas
identify a few villages where integrated of Prajapatham duly convening meetings at
development can be brought about through Divisional level along with people’s
planned interventions and use these villages representatives and take up a thorough
as model to inspire and motivate all other review with all the Departments relating to
villages to emulate the same path. issues raised during the Prajapatham
Initiating action in line with the above programme and also requested to convene
innovative idea, Government have released DRC meetings in consultation with District
an amount of Rs.272.27 crores during 2004- in-charge Ministers and take up thorough
05 to 2009-10 to develop 103 identified review to redress the grievances.
villages covering 7 mandals in YSR Kadapa The progress has been reviewed every
district under “Model Village scheme” on month. 3,12,888 grievances have been
pilot basis. received during Prajapatham, of which
For continuing the infrastructure 1,43,524 grievances have been redressed.
development in the identified villages of the The District Collectors have been requested
area as per the action plan contemplated by to review the progress periodically every
the Pulivendula Area Development Agency month and ensure redressal of grievances of
an amount of Rs.12.50 crores was released so all eligible.
far during 2010-11.
RACHABANDA PROGRAMME
PRAJAPATHAM
8.30 Rachabanda programme is a New Initiative
8.29 Prajapatham is an interaction amongst
public, their elected representatives and a taken up by the Government recently with
team of public servants in their own territory. the basic objectives:
Prajapatham focuses on a set of priority • To instill more confidence among the
issues identified at a particular juncture. The public by redressing their grievances on
programme was initiated during the year the spot and in a bid to take the
2005. Inspired by the success and response administration to the door steps of the
from the people of the State it was continued people
during 2006, 2007 and 2008. No programme • To oversee the implementation of
was taken up during the year 2009 in view of developmental programmes, delivery
general elections. mechanism to the targeted people and
Prajapatham - 2010: • To take stock of the situation at focal
Inspired by its sustained and successful past point, Gram Panchayat level by their
records, Prajapatham was launched yet again

209
 elected representatives and a team of applicants and coverage of 2.97 lakh people
officials concerned. under Dr.YSR Abhayahastam Insurance
Rachabanda programme was held between Scheme. Also issued sanction letters to 2.89
24th January and 12th February, 2011 at Gram lakhs people under Housing programme
Panchayat/ Ward level, in which a besides issuing of 1.93 lakh patta /
meaningful direct interaction took place possession certificates and payment made to
between the peoples’ representatives and 90,542 beneficiaries who have constructed
officials. The thrust areas of Rachabanda houses up to basement level. Under
programme are Ration Cards, Pensions, MGNREGS 1.75 lakh job cards and 7.31
Dr.Y.S.R Abhayahastam, Arogyasri, lakh work allocation orders were issued to
Housing, MGNREGS Cards and Pavala Srama Sakti Sanghas. Rs.288.27 crores
Vaddi to SHGs both in rural and urban areas. amount was distributed towards pavala vaddi
to 4.96 lakhs SHGs in Rural areas and
The welfare measures delivered to the people Rs.80.30 crores amount distributed to 1.47
during Rachabanda programme includes, lakhs urban SHG groups towards pavala
distribution of 4.63 lakhs temporary Ration vaddi.
Cards to card less households, which will
also have the coverage Arogyasri;
***
distribution of Pensions to 1.31 lakh eligible

210