Objectives

 Explain the need and benefit of ORM

o ORM (Object-Relational Mapping), makes it easier to develop code that interacts
with database, abstracts the database system, transactionality
 ORM Pros and Cons - https://blog.bitsrc.io/what-is-an-orm-and-why-you-
should-use-it-b2b6f75f5e2a
 What is ORM? - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-relational_mapping

 Demonstrate the need and benefit of Spring Data JPA

o Evolution of ORM solutions, Hibernate XML Configuration, Hibernate Annotation
Configuration, Spring Data JPA, Hibernate benefits, open source, light weight,
database independent query
 With H2 in memory database - https://www.mkyong.com/spring-boot/spring-
boot-spring-data-jpa/
 With MySQL - https://www.mkyong.com/spring-boot/spring-boot-spring-data-
jpa-mysql-example/
 XML Configuration Example
-https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_examples.htm
 Hibernate Configuration Example
-https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_annotations.htm

 Explain about core objects of hibernate framework

o Session Factory, Session, Transaction Factory, Transaction, Connection Provider
 Hibernate Architecture Reference -
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_architecture.htm

 Explain ORM implementation with Hibernate XML Configuration and Annotation

Configuration
o XML Configuration - persistence class, mapping xml, configuration xml, loading
hibernate configuration xml file; Annotation Configuration - persistence class,
@Entity, @Table, @Id, @Column, hibernate configuration xml file Loading hibernate
configuration and interacting with database get the session factory, open session,
begin transaction, commit transaction, close session
 XML Configuration Example -
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_examples.htm
 Hibernate Configuration Example -
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_annotations.htm

 Explain the difference between Java Persistence API, Hibernate and Spring Data JPA
o JPA (Java Persistence API), JPA is a specification (JSR 338), JPA does not have
implementation, Hibernate is one of the implementation for JPA, Hibernate is a ORM
 tool, Spring Data JPA is an abstraction above Hibernate to remove boiler plate code
when persisting data using Hibernate.
 Difference between Spring Data JPA and Hibernate -
https://dzone.com/articles/what-is-the-difference-between-hibernate-and-
sprin-1
 Intro to JPA - https://www.javaworld.com/article/3379043/what-is-jpa-
introduction-to-the-java-persistence-api.html

 Demonstrate implementation of DML using Spring Data JPA on a single database table
o Hibernate log configuration and ddl-auto configuration, JpaRepsitory.findById(),
defining Query Methods, JpaRespository.save(), JpaRepository.deleteById()
 Spring Data JPA Ref Repository methods -
https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/2.2.0.RELEASE/reference/html/
#repositories.core-concepts
 Query methods -
https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/2.2.0.RELEASE/reference/html/
#repositories.query-methods
Hands on 1
Spring Data JPA - Quick Example 
Software Pre-requisites

 MySQL Server 8.0

 MySQL Workbench 8
 Eclipse IDE for Enterprise Java Developers 2019-03 R
 Maven 3.6.2

Create a Eclipse Project using Spring Initializr

 Go to https://start.spring.io/
 Change Group as “com.cognizant”
 Change Artifact Id as “orm-learn”
 In Options > Description enter "Demo project for Spring Data JPA and
Hibernate"
 Click on menu and select "Spring Boot DevTools", "Spring Data JPA"
and "MySQL Driver"
 Click Generate and download the project as zip
 Extract the zip in root folder to Eclipse Workspace
 Import the project in Eclipse "File > Import > Maven > Existing Maven
Projects > Click Browse and select extracted folder > Finish"
 Create a new schema "ormlearn" in MySQL database. Execute the
following commands to open MySQL client and create schema.

> mysql -u root -p

mysql> create schema ormlearn;

 In orm-learn Eclipse project,

open src/main/resources/application.properties and include the below
database and log configuration.

# Spring Framework and application log

logging.level.org.springframework=info
logging.level.com.cognizant=debug

# Hibernate logs for displaying executed SQL, input and output

 logging.level.org.hibernate.SQL=trace
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql=trace

# Log pattern
logging.pattern.console=%d{dd-MM-yy} %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-20.20thread %5p %-
25.25logger{25} %25M %4L %m%n

# Database configuration
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ormlearn
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root

# Hibernate configuration
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=validate
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect

 Build the project using ‘mvn clean package -

Dhttp.proxyHost=proxy.cognizant.com -Dhttp.proxyPort=6050 -
Dhttps.proxyHost=proxy.cognizant.com -Dhttps.proxyPort=6050 -
Dhttp.proxyUser=123456’ command in command line
 Include logs for verifying if main() method is called.

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

private static final Logger LOGGER =

LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrmLearnApplication.class);

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(OrmLearnApplication.class, args);
  LOGGER.info("Inside main");
}
  Execute the OrmLearnApplication and check in log if main method is
called.

SME to walk through the following aspects related to the project created:

1. src/main/java - Folder with application code

2. src/main/resources - Folder for application configuration
3. src/test/java - Folder with code for testing the application
4. OrmLearnApplication.java - Walkthrough the main() method.
5. Purpose of @SpringBootApplication annotation
6. pom.xml
1. Walkthrough all the configuration defined in XML file
2. Open 'Dependency Hierarchy' and show the dependency tree.

Country table creation

 Create a new table country with columns for code and name. For
sample, let us insert one country with values 'IN' and 'India' in this table.

create table country(co_code varchar(2) primary key, co_name varchar(50));

 Insert couple of records into the table

insert into country values ('IN', 'India');

insert into country values ('US', 'United States of America');

Persistence Class - com.cognizant.orm-learn.model.Country

 Open Eclipse with orm-learn project

 Create new package com.cognizant.orm-learn.model
 Create Country.java, then generate getters, setters and toString()
methods.
 Include @Entity and @Table at class level
 Include @Column annotations in each getter method specifying the
column name.

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
 import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="country")
public class Country {

  @Id
    @Column(name="code")
    private String code;

    @Column(name="name")
    private String name;

// getters and setters

  // toString()

Notes:

 @Entity is an indicator to Spring Data JPA that it is an entity class for

the application
 @Table helps in defining the mapping database table
 @Id helps is defining the primary key
 @Column helps in defining the mapping table column

Repository Class - com.cognizant.orm-learn.CountryRepository

 Create new package com.cognizant.orm-learn.repository

 Create new interface named CountryRepository that extends
JpaRepository<Country, String>
 Define @Repository annotation at class level

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.cognizant.ormlearn.model.Country;

@Repository
public interface CountryRepository extends JpaRepository<Country, String> {

Service Class - com.cognizant.orm-learn.service.CountryService

 Create new package com.cognizant.orm-learn.service

 Create new class CountryService
 Include @Service annotation at class level
 Autowire CountryRepository in CountryService
 Include new method getAllCountries() method that returns a list of
countries.
 Include @Transactional annotation for this method
 In getAllCountries() method invoke countryRepository.findAll() method
and return the result

Testing in OrmLearnApplication.java
 Include a static reference to CountryService in OrmLearnApplication class

private static CountryService countryService;

 Define a test method to get all countries from service.

    private static void testGetAllCountries() {

        LOGGER.info("Start");
        List<Country> countries = countryService.getAllCountries();
        LOGGER.debug("countries={}", countries);
        LOGGER.info("End");
    }

 Modify SpringApplication.run() invocation to set the application context

and the CountryService reference from the application context.
         ApplicationContext context =
SpringApplication.run(OrmLearnApplication.class, args);
        countryService = context.getBean(CountryService.class);

        testGetAllCountries();

 Execute main method to check if data from ormlearn database is

retrieved.
Hands on 2
Hibernate XML Config implementation walk through 
SME to provide explanation on the sample Hibernate implementation
available in the link below:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_examples.htm

Explanation Topics

 Explain how object to relational database mapping done in hibernate

xml configuration file
 Explain about following aspects of implementing the end to end
operations in Hibernate:
o SessionFactory
o Session
o Transaction
o beginTransaction()
o commit()
o rollback()
o session.save()
o session.createQuery().list()
o session.get()
o session.delete()
Hands on 3
Hibernate Annotation Config implementation walk
through 
SME to provide explanation on the sample Hibernate implementation
available in the link below:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/hibernate/hibernate_annotations.htm

Explanation Topics

 Explain how object to relational database mapping done in persistence

class file Employee
 Explain about following aspects of implementing the end to end
operations in Hibernate:
o @Entity
o @Table
o @Id
o @GeneratedValue
o @Column
o Hibernate Configuration (hibernate.cfg.xml)
 Dialect
 Driver
 Connection URL
 Username
 Password
Hands on 4
Difference between JPA, Hibernate and Spring Data
JPA 
Java Persistence API (JPA)

 JSR 338 Specification for persisting, reading and managing data from
Java objects
 Does not contain concrete implementation of the specification
 Hibernate is one of the implementation of JPA

Hibernate

 ORM Tool that implements JPA

Spring Data JPA

 Does not have JPA implementation, but reduces boiler plate code
 This is another level of abstraction over JPA implementation provider
like Hibernate
 Manages transactions

Refer code snippets below on how the code compares between

Hibernate and Spring Data JPA
Hibernate
   /* Method to CREATE an employee in the database */
   public Integer addEmployee(Employee employee){
      Session session = factory.openSession();
      Transaction tx = null;
      Integer employeeID = null;
      
      try {
         tx = session.beginTransaction();
         employeeID = (Integer) session.save(employee); 
         tx.commit();
      } catch (HibernateException e) {
         if (tx != null) tx.rollback();
         e.printStackTrace(); 
      } finally {
         session.close(); 
      }
      return employeeID;
   }

Spring Data JPA

EmployeeRespository.java
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee, Integer> {

EmployeeService.java
@Autowire
  private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;

@Transactional
public void addEmployee(Employee employee) {
  employeeRepository.save(employee);
  }

Reference Links: 
https://dzone.com/articles/what-is-the-difference-between-hibernate-and-sprin-1 
https://www.javaworld.com/article/3379043/what-is-jpa-introduction-to-the-java-persistence-api.html
Hands on 5
Implement services for managing Country 
An application requires for features to be implemented with regards to
country. These features needs to be supported by implementing them as
service using Spring Data JPA.

 Find a country based on country code

 Add new country
 Update country
 Delete country
 Find list of countries matching a partial country name

Before starting the implementation of the above features, there are few
configuration and data population that needs to be incorporated. Please refer
each topic below and implement the same. 

Explanation for Hibernate table creation configuration

 Moreover the ddl-auto defines how hibernate behaves if a specific table

or column is not present in the database.
o create - drops existing tables data and structure, then creates new
tables
o validate - check if the table and columns exist or not, throws an
exception if a matching table or column is not found
o update - if a table does not exists, it creates a new table; if a
column does not exists, it creates a new column
o create-drop - creates the table, once all operations are completed,
the table is dropped

# Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update, validate)

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=validate

Populate country table

 Delete all the records in Country table and then use the below script to
create the actual list of all countries in our world.

insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AF", "Afghanistan");

insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AL", "Albania");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("DZ", "Algeria");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AS", "American Samoa");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AD", "Andorra");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AO", "Angola");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AI", "Anguilla");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AQ", "Antarctica");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AG", "Antigua and Barbuda");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AR", "Argentina");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AM", "Armenia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AW", "Aruba");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AU", "Australia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AT", "Austria");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AZ", "Azerbaijan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BS", "Bahamas");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BH", "Bahrain");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BD", "Bangladesh");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BB", "Barbados");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BY", "Belarus");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BE", "Belgium");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BZ", "Belize");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BJ", "Benin");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BM", "Bermuda");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BT", "Bhutan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BO", "Bolivia, Plurinational
State of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BQ", "Bonaire, Sint Eustatius
and Saba");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BA", "Bosnia and Herzegovina");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BW", "Botswana");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BV", "Bouvet Island");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BR", "Brazil");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IO", "British Indian Ocean
Territory");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BN", "Brunei Darussalam");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BG", "Bulgaria");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BF", "Burkina Faso");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BI", "Burundi");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KH", "Cambodia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CM", "Cameroon");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CA", "Canada");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CV", "Cape Verde");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KY", "Cayman Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CF", "Central African
Republic");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TD", "Chad");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CL", "Chile");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CN", "China");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CX", "Christmas Island");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CC", "Cocos (Keeling)
Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CO", "Colombia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KM", "Comoros");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CG", "Congo");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CD", "Congo, the Democratic
Republic of the");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CK", "Cook Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CR", "Costa Rica");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("HR", "Croatia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CU", "Cuba");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CW", "Curaçao");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CY", "Cyprus");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CZ", "Czech Republic");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CI", "Côte d'Ivoire");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("DK", "Denmark");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("DJ", "Djibouti");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("DM", "Dominica");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("DO", "Dominican Republic");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("EC", "Ecuador");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("EG", "Egypt");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SV", "El Salvador");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GQ", "Equatorial Guinea");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ER", "Eritrea");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("EE", "Estonia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ET", "Ethiopia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("FK", "Falkland Islands
(Malvinas)");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("FO", "Faroe Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("FJ", "Fiji");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("FI", "Finland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("FR", "France");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GF", "French Guiana");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PF", "French Polynesia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TF", "French Southern
Territories");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GA", "Gabon");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GM", "Gambia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GE", "Georgia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("DE", "Germany");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GH", "Ghana");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GI", "Gibraltar");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GR", "Greece");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GL", "Greenland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GD", "Grenada");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GP", "Guadeloupe");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GU", "Guam");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GT", "Guatemala");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GG", "Guernsey");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GN", "Guinea");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GW", "Guinea-Bissau");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GY", "Guyana");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("HT", "Haiti");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("HM", "Heard Island and McDonald
Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VA", "Holy See (Vatican City
State)");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("HN", "Honduras");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("HK", "Hong Kong");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("HU", "Hungary");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IS", "Iceland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IN", "India");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ID", "Indonesia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IR", "Iran, Islamic Republic
of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IQ", "Iraq");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IE", "Ireland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IM", "Isle of Man");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IL", "Israel");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("IT", "Italy");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("JM", "Jamaica");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("JP", "Japan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("JE", "Jersey");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("JO", "Jordan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KZ", "Kazakhstan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KE", "Kenya");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KI", "Kiribati");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KP", "Democratic People's
Republic of Korea");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KR", "Republic of Korea");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KW", "Kuwait");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KG", "Kyrgyzstan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LA", "Lao People's Democratic
Republic");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LV", "Latvia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LB", "Lebanon");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LS", "Lesotho");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LR", "Liberia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LY", "Libya");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LI", "Liechtenstein");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LT", "Lithuania");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LU", "Luxembourg");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MO", "Macao");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MK", "Macedonia, the Former
Yugoslav Republic of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MG", "Madagascar");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MW", "Malawi");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MY", "Malaysia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MV", "Maldives");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ML", "Mali");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MT", "Malta");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MH", "Marshall Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MQ", "Martinique");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MR", "Mauritania");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MU", "Mauritius");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("YT", "Mayotte");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MX", "Mexico");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("FM", "Micronesia, Federated
States of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MD", "Moldova, Republic of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MC", "Monaco");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MN", "Mongolia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ME", "Montenegro");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MS", "Montserrat");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MA", "Morocco");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MZ", "Mozambique");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MM", "Myanmar");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NA", "Namibia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NR", "Nauru");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NP", "Nepal");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NL", "Netherlands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NC", "New Caledonia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NZ", "New Zealand");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NI", "Nicaragua");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NE", "Niger");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NG", "Nigeria");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NU", "Niue");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NF", "Norfolk Island");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MP", "Northern Mariana
Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("NO", "Norway");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("OM", "Oman");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PK", "Pakistan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PW", "Palau");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PS", "Palestine, State of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PA", "Panama");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PG", "Papua New Guinea");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PY", "Paraguay");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PE", "Peru");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PH", "Philippines");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PN", "Pitcairn");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PL", "Poland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PT", "Portugal");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PR", "Puerto Rico");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("QA", "Qatar");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("RO", "Romania");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("RU", "Russian Federation");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("RW", "Rwanda");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("RE", "Réunion");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("BL", "Saint Barthélemy");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SH", "Saint Helena, Ascension
and Tristan da Cunha");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("KN", "Saint Kitts and Nevis");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LC", "Saint Lucia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("MF", "Saint Martin (French
part)");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("PM", "Saint Pierre and
Miquelon");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VC", "Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("WS", "Samoa");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SM", "San Marino");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ST", "Sao Tome and Principe");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SA", "Saudi Arabia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SN", "Senegal");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("RS", "Serbia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SC", "Seychelles");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SL", "Sierra Leone");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SG", "Singapore");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SX", "Sint Maarten (Dutch
part)");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SK", "Slovakia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SI", "Slovenia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SB", "Solomon Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SO", "Somalia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ZA", "South Africa");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GS", "South Georgia and the
South Sandwich Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SS", "South Sudan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ES", "Spain");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("LK", "Sri Lanka");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SD", "Sudan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SR", "Suriname");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SJ", "Svalbard and Jan Mayen");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SZ", "Swaziland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SE", "Sweden");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("CH", "Switzerland");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("SY", "Syrian Arab Republic");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TW", "Taiwan, Province of
China");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TJ", "Tajikistan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TZ", "Tanzania, United Republic
of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TH", "Thailand");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TL", "Timor-Leste");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TG", "Togo");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TK", "Tokelau");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TO", "Tonga");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TT", "Trinidad and Tobago");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TN", "Tunisia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TR", "Turkey");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TM", "Turkmenistan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TC", "Turks and Caicos
Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("TV", "Tuvalu");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("UG", "Uganda");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("UA", "Ukraine");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AE", "United Arab Emirates");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("GB", "United Kingdom");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("US", "United States");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("UM", "United States Minor
Outlying Islands");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("UY", "Uruguay");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("UZ", "Uzbekistan");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VU", "Vanuatu");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VE", "Venezuela, Bolivarian
Republic of");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VN", "Viet Nam");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VG", "Virgin Islands,
British");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("VI", "Virgin Islands, U.S.");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("WF", "Wallis and Futuna");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("EH", "Western Sahara");
 insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("YE", "Yemen");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ZM", "Zambia");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("ZW", "Zimbabwe");
insert into country (co_code, co_name) values ("AX", "Åland Islands");

Refer subsequent hands on exercises to implement the features related to

country.
Hands on 6
Find a country based on country code 
 

 Create new exception class CountryNotFoundException in

com.cognizant.spring-learn.service.exception
 Create new method findCountryByCode() in CountryService with
@Transactional annotation
 In findCountryByCode() method, perform the following steps:
o Method signature

@Transactional
public Country findCountryByCode(String countryCode) throws
CountryNotFoundException

 Get the country based on findById() built in method

Optional<Country> result = countryRepository.findById(countryCode);

 From the result, check if a country is found. If not found, throw

CountryNotFoundException

if (!result.isPresent())

 Use get() method to return the country fetched.

Country country = result.get();

 Include new test method in OrmLearnApplication to find a country based

on country code and compare the country name to check if it is valid.

    private static void getAllCountriesTest() {

        LOGGER.info("Start");
        Country country = countryService.findCountryByCode("IN");
  LOGGER.debug("Country:{}", country);
        LOGGER.info("End");
    }
  Invoke the above method in main() method and test it.

NOTE: SME to explain the importance of @Transactional annotation. Spring

takes care of creating the Hibernate session and manages the transactionality
when executing the service method.
Hands on 7
Add a new country 
 

 Create new method in CountryService.

@Transactional
public void addCountry(Country country)

 Invoke save() method of repository to get the country added.

countryRepository.save(country)

 Include new testAddCountry() method in OrmLearnApplication. Perform

steps below:
o Create new instance of country with a new code and name
o Call countryService.addCountry() passing the country created in
the previous step.
o Invoke countryService.findCountryByCode() passing the same
code used when adding a new country
o Check in the database if the country is added
Hands on 8
Update a country based on code 
 

 Create a new method updateCountry() in CountryService with

parameters code and name. Annotate this method with @Transactional.
Implement following steps in this method.
o Get the reference of the country using findById() method in
repository
o In the country reference obtained, update the name of country
using setter method
o Call countryRepository.save() method to update the name
 Include new test method in OrmLearnApplication, which invokes
updateCountry() method in CountryService passing a country's code
and different name for the country.
 Check in database table if name is modified.
Hands on 9
Delete a country based on code 
 

 Create new method deleteCountry() in CountryService. Annotate this

method with @Transactional.
 In deleteCountry() method call deleteById() method of repository.
 Include new test method in OrmLearnApplication with following steps
o Call the delete method based on the country code during the add
country hands on
 Check in database if the country is deleted