Computer Communication & Networks (SWE-306L) SSUET/QR/114

LAB # 02
DIAGNOSTIC UTILITIES OF NETWORKS

OBJECTIVE
To learn about and practice some of the Diagnostic Utilities for use with computer networks.

BASIC SIX COMMANDS RUN ON COMMAND PROMPT:

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19044.1288]

C:\Users\SE20-059>ipconfig
Windows IP Configuration

Ethernet adapter Ethernet:

Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : ssuet.edu.pk

Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::f5b4:4e5f:b968:d00%9

IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.16.126

Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.252.0

Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.16.1

Wireless LAN adapter Wi-Fi:

Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-

specific DNS Suffix . :

Wireless LAN adapter Local Area Connection*

1: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media

disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix

.:

Wireless LAN adapter Local Area Connection* 2:

Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :

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C:\Users\SE20-059>ping 172.16.16.1

Pinging 172.16.16.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.16.16.1: bytes=32 time=2ms

TTL=255 Ping statistics for 172.16.16.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 5ms, Average = 3ms

C:\Users\SE20-059>ping aurangzeb
Pinging aurangzeb.ssuet.edu.pk [192.168.1.5] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=32 time<1ms

TTL=127 Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=32

time<1ms TTL=127 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.5:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

C:\Users\SE20-059>ping aurangzeb -t
Pinging aurangzeb.ssuet.edu.pk [192.168.1.5] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=32 time<1ms

TTL=127 Reply from 192.168.1.5: bytes=32

time<1ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.5:

Packets: Sent = 19, Received = 19, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Control-C

^C

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C:\Users\SE20-059>ipconfig/all
Windows IP Configuration

Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : DESKTOP-DBRP184

Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : ssuet.edu.pk

Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Hybrid

IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No

WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No

Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Intel(R) Ethernet Connection (11) I219-LM

Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Thursday, 24 March 2022 8:40:29 am

Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Thursday, 24 March 2022 12:40:29 pm

Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.16.

DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.13

DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 604006635

DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-29-56-7B-B3-00-68-EB-CA-7A-A7

DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.3

NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled

Description . . . . . . . . . . . : VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter

NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled

Wireless LAN adapter Wi-Fi:

Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected

Connection-specific DNS Suffix .

Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX201 160MHz

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Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : F0-9E-4A-F7-1C-0F

DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes

Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes

Wireless LAN adapter Local Area Connection*

1: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media

disconnected

Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :

Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter

Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : F0-9E-4A-F7-1C-10

DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes

Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes

C:\Users\SE20-059>hostname
DESKTOP-DBRP184

C:\Users\SE20-068>netstat
Active Connections

Proto Local Address Foreign Address State

TCP 127.0.0.1:56191 DESKTOP-DBRP184:56192 ESTABLISHED

TCP 127.0.0.1:56192 DESKTOP-DBRP184:56191 ESTABLISHED

TCP 172.16.16.126:55267 20.189.173.1:https TIME_WAIT

C:\Users\SE20-059>tracert www.google.com
Tracing route to www.google.com
[216.239.38.120] over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 2 ms 3 ms 2 ms 172.16.16.1

2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms fw.ssuet.edu.pk [192.168.1.65]

3 1 ms <1 ms 1 ms 10.1.1.2

4 6 ms 9 ms 3 ms 111.68.111.246.pern.pk [111.68.111.246]
5 3 ms 3 ms 2 ms 172.31.240.65
6 2 ms 2 ms 2 ms khi77.pie.net.pk [202.125.134.65]

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7 23 ms 22 ms 22 ms 142.251.64.133

8 22 ms 21 ms 22 ms any-in-2678.1e100.net [216.239.38.120]

Trace complete.
C:\Users\SE20-059>nslookup aurangzeb
Server: liaquat.ssuet.edu.pk

Address: 192.168.1.3

Name: aurangzeb.ssuet.edu.pk

Address: 192.168.1.5

HOME ASSIGNMENT
Q1: What is the basic purpose of using Networking Troubleshooting Tool.
ANSWER

The term troubleshooting refers to the process of identifying problems with a network through a
rigorous and repeatable process and then solving those problems using testable methods.
Troubleshooting is more effective than trying things at random until the network functions
because it allows you to target individual network components, testing each for function, and
encourages you to document your process. Network troubleshooting is useful for almost anyone,
from a computer enthusiast to an aspiring network engineer. The most commonly used network
tool when network troubleshooting is the ping utility. This utility is used to provide a basic
connectivity test between the requesting host and a destination host.

Q2: How can we assign IP to our system statically using Command Prompt.
ANSWER

No device can communicate over a network without a valid IP address. Usually, DHCP server is
providing Internet Protocol address to computers connected to the network. However, in certain
cases, we must assign a static IP address to a PC by our self. There are different ways, but the
easiest method is the DOS method. There is a DOS prompt command to set a static IP address on
a Windows computer.
Steps to Assign Static IP To Any Interface From Command Prompt
1. Start MS-DOS as Administrator
You must start the command prompt as administrator to set static Internet Protocol
number on your computer from the command prompt. On Start menu, right click on cmd
and click run as administrator. To learn more about it, visit the link below.
Run DOS As Administrator

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2. Type the following command on DOS window.

3. Press Enter

Q3: Difference between Ping and Path Ping command.

PING COMMAND PATHPING COMMAND

The ping command verifies connections to Path ping is a command that provides
remote computer or computers, by sending information about network latency and
ICMP echo packets to the computer and network loss at intermediate hops between the
listening for echo reply to packets. source and the destination devices.

Q4: What is the difference between DNS and DHCP Ip address. Explain the role of default
gateway in network topology.

ANSWER

DNS stands for Domain Name System. DNS maps the name of the domain to the IP address,
while DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. DHCP is a protocol that assigns
the IP address to the host in a network either dynamically or statically and both work across the
client-server architecture though they are different terms.

DEFAULT GATEWAY:
A default gateway makes it possible for devices in one network to communicate with devices in
another network. If a computer, for example, requests a web page, the request goes through the
default gateway before exiting the local network (LAN) to reach the internet. Think of a default
gateway as an intermediate device between the local network and the internet. The default
gateway transfers internal data to the internet and back again.

Q5: What is the main purpose of tracert command.

ANSWER

TRACERT:
The tracert command is used to determine the path between two connections. Often a connection
to another device will have to go through multiple routers. The traceroute command will return
the names or IP addresses of all the routers between two devices. This also allows you to see
where a packet may be misguided.

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