MAYAPYAP Project MELC (Managing and Enhancing Learning through Contextualization)

National High School STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE IN SCIENCE 8

Quarter I, Week 5

Lesson 5: Heat and Temperature

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

S8FE-Ig-29: Differentiate heat and temperature at the molecular level.

In this set of activities, you should:

1. identify concepts or ideas related to heat and temperature; and
2. differentiate heat and temperature at the molecular level.

WHAT YOU NEED TO REMEMBER?

Hello Junior Explorers! How are you so far? I hope you are staying healthy and safe.
Welcome again to our science class. Are you excited about our lesson for today? Let us begin with
these questions. Do you enjoy taking a sip of your hot chocolate drink especially when the weather
is cold? What about having you favorite ice-cold drink like milk tea?

We enjoy things differently. As we enjoy these things, there’s a bit of science going on
behind it. Do you know what it is? It is the science of heat and temperature.

Are heat and temperature the same? In Physics, although heat and temperature are related with each other, these two
terms are not the same. In this lesson, you will learn the difference between heat and temperature. Let us try to dig deeper
as to how these terms are different.

• Heat is a form of energy that transfers from a body of higher temperature to another body of lower temperature.

Three Ways to Transfer Heat:

1. Conduction: the transfer of heat or electric current from one substance to another by direct contact.
Example: When you dip a metal spoon which has a normal temperature in a glass of hot water the heat from the
water will be transferred to the spoon through the conduction of heat.
2. Convection: the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid gas) caused by molecular motion
3. Radiation: energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles.
When it is cold you tend to enjoy the heat near fireplace or a bonfire and your distance from the fire depends on
how much heat your body wants to absorb. As you feel cold and as you stay closer to the fire, a certain amount of
thermal energy from the bonfire is transferred to your body through radiation. That heat radiated towards you is a
tolerable heat that gives your body comfort to a low temperature. The SI Unit for heat is Joule. Another common
unit is Calorie.
• Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of a body, object, or substance.
When you have a fever, you usually check how hot your body is by basically putting your hands on your neck or
forehead. This is very typical for everyone as high temperature usually indicates a fever. The normal temperature of the
body is 37 ֯C, and if that goes higher, something might be wrong. Aside from using your senses, there is an accurate way to
measure temperature. What do we use to measure temperature? A thermometer.
• Temperature describes the average kinetic energy molecules in an object or a substance. The higher the kinetic
energy, the faster the molecules move and thus the temperature is higher.
• The three common temperature scales are: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
• Anders Celsius introduced the Celsius scale in 1741.
• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit introduced the Fahrenheit scale in 1724
• Both scales are used in freezing and boiling point of water as reference points.
• William Thompson introduced the Kelvin scale in 1848

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 Table 1. Temperature Scales

Celsius Fahrenheit Kelvin

Freezing Point of Water 0°C 32°F 273K
Boiling Point of Water 100°C 212°F 373K

What happens to substances as their temperature changes?

Molecular structure and movement change which results in phase change.

• Different Types of Phase Changes or Transitions

1. Melting is the process that causes a solid to change to its liquid state. The amount of heat required to produce
this change is called heat of fusion.
2. Solidification happens when liquid releases heat. The water molecules begin to move at a slower phase. The
space between the water molecules becomes compact.
3. When water boils, evaporation takes place. Heat is absorbed and water is converted into steam or water vapor.
The amount of heat needed for a liquid to evaporate depends on the boiling point of the liquid.
4. When water vapor releases heat its gas state changes to the liquid state through the condensation.
5. Sublimation is the process of transforming a substance from the solid phase directly to the gas state without
passing the liquid phase. This requires additional energy.
6. Deposition is the process of transforming a substance from gas to solid without passing the liquid phase and
requires a release of energy.
During any of this phase changes, the energy is either given off or taken in.

YOUR TASKS!
WRITTEN TASK NO. 3

Reminder: DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE.

Write your answer on your answer sheet.

Enrichment Activity 1: Based on the selection below, identify the concepts or ideas related to heat and temperature.
Write only the letter of the correct answer. (2 points each)

1. Who introduced the absolute temperature scale?

A. Anders Celsius C. William Rankine
B. Gabriel Fahrenheit D. William Thompson
2. Which expands the greatest when heated at the same temperature?
A. Gas C. Liquid
B. Solid D. All expand equally
3. Temperature describes the ________ of molecules in a substance.
A. Potential energy C. Thermal energy
B. Kinetic energy D. Gravitational force
4. Which of the following is NOT a unit of temperature?
A. Fahrenheit C. Calorie
B. Celsius D. Kelvin
5. Why does liquid inside the thermometer rise when put in hot water?
A. The liquid is boiling
B. The liquid is evaporating
C. The liquid gains heat from the hot water causing it to expand
D. The liquid loses heat from the hot water causing it to contract

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Enrichment Activity 2: Complete each statement using a term or terms from the list below. Write only the answer.
(2 points each)
Celsius Freezes boiling cold thermal
particles Kinetic hot Joules energy

Heat Vs. Temperature

Heat and temperature are related but they are not the same. Temperature is a measure of how 1. _________ or 2. _________
something is. It is measured in degrees 3. _________°C. For example: the temperature of 4. _________ water is 100°C and
the temperature that water 5. _________ is at 0°C.
Heat is the amount of 6. _________ energy something has. It is measured in 7. _________ (J). the amount of thermal energy
depends on the 8. _________ energy of its particles. The faster the 9. _________move the more thermal energy it has.

WRAP-UP ACTIVITY

Answer the question below briefly but substantially. (5 points)

1. How is heat different from temperature?

REFERENCES

• Campo, P. C., R, C. M., & Catalan, M. H. (2014). SCIENCE 8 Learner's Module. Pasig City: Department of
Education.

• Pangapalan, N. M. (2020). Science 8 Quarter 1-Module 6: Heat and Temperature. Butuan City: Department of
Education.

This Student Learning Guide will be discussed during Online Consultation on the following schedule.
8th Week of 1st Quarter
Wednesday & Thursday
8:00am -10:00am

Visit your Official Facebook Class Group.

Search MNHS (Subject Area) (Surname of your subject teacher, School Year)
Example: MNHS Science 8 De Leon/Gulmatico/Mateo/Marquez/Pacquing, S.Y. 2021-2022

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