ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SEMESTER -3
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ECT205 NETWORK THEORY CATEGORY L T P CREDIT
PCC 3 1 0 4

Preamble: This course aims to analyze the linear time invariant electronic circuits.

Prerequisite: EST130 Basics of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

MAT102 Vector Calculus, Differential Equations and Transforms (Laplace Transform)

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to

CO 1 Apply Mesh / Node analysis or Network Theorems to obtain steady state response of
K3 the linear time invariant networks.
CO 2 Apply Laplace Transforms to determine the transient behaviour of RLC networks.
K3
CO 3 Apply Network functions and Network Parameters to analyse the single port and two
K3 port networks.

Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes

PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9 PO PO PO 12
10 11
CO 3 3 2
1
CO 3 3 2
2
CO 3 3 2
3

Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s Category Continuous Assessment Tests End Semester Examination

1 2
Remember K1 10 10 10
Understand K2 20 20 20
Apply K3 20 20 70
Analyse
Evaluate
Create

Mark distribution

Total CIE ESE ESE Duration

Marks

150 50 100 3 hours

Continuous Internal Evaluation Pattern:

Attendance : 10 marks
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Continuous Assessment Test (2 numbers) : 25 marks
Assignment/Quiz/Course project : 15 marks

End Semester Examination Pattern: There will be two parts; Part A and Part B. Part A contain 10
questions with 2 questions from each module, having 3 marks for each question. Students should
answer all questions. Part B contains 2 questions from each module of which student should answer
any one. Each question can have maximum 2 sub-divisions and carry 14 marks.

Course Level Assessment Questions

Course Outcome 1 (CO1): Obtain steady state response of the network using Mesh /
Node analysis. (K3)

1. Enumerate different types of sources in electronic networks.

2. Solve networks containing independent and dependent sources using Mesh / Node
analysis.

3. Evolve the steady-state AC analysis of a given network using Mesh or Node analysis.

Course Outcome 1 (CO1) : Obtain steady state response of the network using Network
Theorems. (K3)

1. Determine the branch current of the given network with dependent source using
superposition theorem.

2. State and prove Maximum Power Transfer theorem.

3. Find the Thevenin’s / Norton’s equivalent circuit across the port of a given network having
dependent source.

Course Outcome 2 (CO2): Determine the transient behaviour of network using Laplace
Transforms (K3)

1. The switch is opened at t = 0 after steady state is achieved in given network. Find the
expression for the transient output current.

2. Find the Laplace Transform of a given waveform.

3. In the given circuit, the switch is closed at , connecting an energy source to the

R,C,L circuit. At time , it is observed that capacitor voltage has a initial value. For the
element values given, determine expression for output voltage after converting the circuit into
transformed domain.
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Course Outcome 3 (CO3): Apply Network functions to analyse the single port and two
port network. (K3)

1. What are the necessary conditions for a network Driving point function and Transfer
functions?

2. Evaluate the Driving point function and Transfer function for the given network,

3. Plot the poles and zeros of the given network.

Course Outcome 3 (CO3): Apply Network Parameters to analyse the two port network.
(K3)

1. Deduce the transmission parameters of two port network in terms of two port network
parameters.

2. Define the condition for a two port network to be reciprocal.

3. Two identical sections of the given networks are connected in parallel. Obtain the two port
network parameters of the combination.

SYLLABUS
Module 1 : Mesh and Node Analysis
Mesh and node analysis of network containing independent and dependent sources.
Supermesh and Supernode analysis. Steady-state AC analysis using Mesh and Node analysis.
Module 2 : Network Theorems
Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, Superposition theorem, Reciprocity theorem,
Maximum power transfer theorem. (applied to both dc and ac circuits having dependent
source).
Module 3 : Application of Laplace Transforms
Review of Laplace Transforms and Inverse Laplace Transforms, Initial value theorem &
Final value theorem, Transformation of basic signals and circuits into s-domain.
Transient analysis of RL, RC, and RLC networks with impulse, step and sinusoidal inputs
(with and without initial conditions). Analysis of networks with transformed impedance and
dependent sources.
Module 4 : Network functions
Network functions for the single port and two port network. Properties of driving point and
transfer functions. Significance of Poles and Zeros of network functions, Time domain
response from pole zero plot. Impulse Function & Response. Network functions in the
sinusoidal steady state, Magnitude and Phase response.
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Module 5 : Two port network Parameters
Impedance, Admittance, Transmission and Hybrid parameters of two port network.
Interrelationship among parameter sets. Series and parallel connections of two port networks.
Reciprocal and Symmetrical two port network. Characteristic impedance, Image impedance
and propagation constant (derivation not required).
Text Books

1. Valkenburg V., “Network Analysis”, Pearson, 3/e, 2019.

2. Sudhakar A, Shyammohan S. P., “Circuits and Networks- Analysis and Synthesis”, McGraw Hill,
5/e, 2015.

Reference Books

1. Edminister, “Electric Circuits – Schaum’s Outline Series”, McGraw-Hill, 2009.

2. W. Hayt, J. Kemmerly, J. Phillips, S. Durbin, “Engineering Circuit Analysis,” McGraw Hill.

2. K. S. Suresh Kumar, “Electric Circuits and Networks”, Pearson, 2008.

3. William D. Stanley, “Network Analysis with Applications”, 4/e, Pearson, 2006.

4. Ravish R., “Network Analysis and Synthesis”, 2/e, McGraw-Hill, 2015.

Course Contents and Lecture Schedule

No Topic No. of Lectures
1 Mesh and Node Analysis
1.1 Review of circuit elements and Kirchhoff’s Laws 2
1.2 Independent and dependent Sources, Source transformations 1
1.3 Mesh and node analysis of network containing independent and dependent 3
sources
1.4 Supermesh and Supernode analysis 1
1.5 Steady-state AC analysis using Mesh and Node analysis 3

2 Network Theorems (applied to both dc and ac circuits having dependent source)

2.1 Thevenin’s theorem 1
2.2 Norton’s theorem 1
2.3 Superposition theorem 2
2.4 Reciprocity theorem 1
2.5 Maximum power transfer theorem 2

3 Application of Laplace Transforms

3.1 Review of Laplace Transforms 2
3.2 Initial value theorem & Final value theorem (Proof not necessary) 1
3.3 Transformation of basic signals and circuits into s-domain 2
3.4 Transient analysis of RL, RC, and RLC networks with impulse, step, pulse, 3
exponential and sinusoidal inputs
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3.5 Analysis of networks with transformed impedance and dependent sources 3

4 Network functions
4.1 Network functions for the single port and two port network 2
4.2 Properties of driving point and transfer functions 1
4.3 Significance of Poles and Zeros of network functions, Time domain 1
response from pole zero plot
4.4 Impulse Function & Response 1
4.5 Network functions in the sinusoidal steady state, Magnitude and Phase 3
response

5 Two port network Parameters

5.1 Impedance, Admittance, Transmission and Hybrid parameters of two port 4
network
5.2 Interrelationship among parameter sets 1
5.3 Series and parallel connections of two port networks 2
5.4 Reciprocal and Symmetrical two port network 1
5.5 Characteristic impedance, Image impedance and propagation constant 1
(derivation not required)

Simulation Assignments:

Atleast one assignment should be simulation of steady state and transient analysis of R, L, C circuits
with different types of energy sources on any circuit simulation software. Samples of simulation
assignments are listed below. The following simulations can be done in QUCS, KiCad or PSPICE.

1. Make an analytical solution of Problem 4.3 in page 113 of the book Network Analysis by M E
Van Valkenberg. Realize this circuit in the simulator and observe i(t) and V2 (t) using transient
simulation.

2. Realize a series RLC circuit with

 R = 200Ω, L = 0.1H, C = 13.33µF

 R = 200Ω, L = 0.1H, C = 10µF and
 R = 200Ω, L = 0.1H, C = 1µF and no source respectively. The initial voltage across the
capacitor is 200V Simulate the three circuits, and observe the current i(t) through them.

3. Repeat the above assignment for the three set of component values for a parallel RLC circuit.

4. Refer Problem 9.18 in page 208 in the book Electric Circuits by Nahvi and Edminister 4th
Edition. See Fig. 9.28. Simulate this circuit to verify superposition theorem for the three current
with individual sources and combination.

5. Refer Problem 9.22 in page 210 in the book Electric Circuits by Nahvi and Edminister 4th
Edition. See Fig. 9.32. Implement the circuit on the simulator with V = 30 < 30°. Verify the
duality between the sources V and the current I2 and I3 using simulation.
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6. See Fig. 12.40 in Chapter 12 (page 298) in the above book. Let R1 = R2 = 2kΩ, L =
10mH and C = 40nF. Implement this circuit in the simulator and perform the ac analysis
to plot the frequency response.

Model Question paper

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

THIRD SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, (Model Question Paper)
Course Code: ECT205
Course Name: NETWORK THEORY
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours
PART A

Answer ALL Questions. Each Carries 3 mark.

1 Illustrate the source-transformation techniques. K2

2 Explain the concept of supernode. K2
3 State and prove Maximum Power Transfer theorem K1
4 Evaluate the Norton’s equivalent current in the following circuit. K3

5 Evaluate the Laplace Transform of half-wave rectified sine pulse. K3

6 Give the two forms of transformed impedance equivalent circuit of a capacitor with K2
initial charge across it.
7 Enumerate necessary condition for a Network Functions to be Transfer Functions. K1
8 Obtain the pole zero configuration of the impedance function of the following K3
circuit.
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9 Define the short-circuit admittance parameter with its equivalent circuit. K2

10 Deduce Z-parameter in terms of h-parameter. K2
PART – B

Answer one question from each module; each question carries 14 marks.
Module - I
11 Find the voltage V1 using nodal analysis. 7
a.

CO1

K3

b. Find the current through 8 ohms resistor in the following circuit using mesh 7
analysis.

CO1

K3

OR
12 Find the power delivered by the 5A current source using nodal analysis method. 7
CO1
K3
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b. Determine the values of source currents using Mesh analysis 7

CO1
K3

Module - II
13 Find the current Iy by superposition principle. 7
a.

CO1
K3

b. Find the Norton’s equivalent circuit across the port AB. 7

CO1

K3

OR
14 Determine the maximum power delivered to the load in the circuit. 14
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CO1

K3

Module - III
15 The switch is opened at t = 0 after steady state is achieved. Find the expression for 8
a. the transient current i.

CO2

K3

b. A voltage pulse of unit height and width ‘ T ’ is applied to a low pass RC circuit at 6
time t=0. Determine the expression for the voltage across the capacitor C as a CO2
function of time. K3
OR
16 In the circuit, the switch is closed at , connecting a source to the RC 14

circuit. At time , it is observed that capacitor voltage has the value

CO2
. For the element values given, determine after converting the
K3
circuit into transformed domain.

Module - IV
17 For the network, determine Driving point impedance Z11 (s), Voltage gain Transfer 14
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function G21 (s) and Current gain Transfer function α21 (s). CO3
K3

OR
18 Compare and contrast the necessary conditions for a network Driving point function 7
a. and Transfer functions. CO3
K2
b. For following network, evaluate the admittance function Y(s) as seen by the source 7
i(t). Also pot the poles and zeros of Y(s).
CO3
K3

Module - V
19 Deduce the transmission parameters of two port network in terms of 10
a.
(i) Z-parameters, (ii) Y-parameters and (iii) Hybrid parameters. CO4
K2
b. How to determine the given two port network is Symmetrical 4
K2
OR
20 Two identical sections of the following networks are connected in parallel. Obtain 14
the Y-parameters of the combination.

K3
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