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Social Science: Presidents in The Philippines

The document summarizes key information about the presidents of the Philippines from Emilio Aguinaldo to the current president Bongbong Marcos. It discusses the first 15 presidents, including their backgrounds, accomplishments, and notable policies. It also briefly outlines the history of Spanish colonization in the Philippines and the country's pre-colonial social structure.

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Jobert Simoy
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121 views4 pages

Social Science: Presidents in The Philippines

The document summarizes key information about the presidents of the Philippines from Emilio Aguinaldo to the current president Bongbong Marcos. It discusses the first 15 presidents, including their backgrounds, accomplishments, and notable policies. It also briefly outlines the history of Spanish colonization in the Philippines and the country's pre-colonial social structure.

Uploaded by

Jobert Simoy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Social Science

Presidents in the Philippines


Mnemonics: AgQueLaOsRoQui MagGarMaMar AquiRaEsArAquiDU30BBM
1. Emilio Aguinaldo – President of the First Republic
- Colonization of Spain
- didn't undergo election

2. Manuel L. Quezon - Father of Social Justice


- Ama ng Wika; National Language
- First Denate President; Commonwealth

3. Jose P. Laurel - Puppet Republic


- President of the Japanese

4. Sergio Osmeña - 2nd President of the Commonwealth


- 1st Vice President of the Philippines
- 1st DepEd Secretary
- 1st Visayan President
- Shortest serving President
- 1st Speaker of the Philippine Assembly

5. Manuel A. Roxas - 1st President of the Third Republic


- Surplus President
- Bell Trade Act; Started reconstructionism
- 3rd President of the First Republic

6. Elpidio P. Quirino - 1st President of Ilocos


- Social Security Commissions

7. Ramon Magsaysay - Man of the Masses


- Little Man; Youngest President to die at 49
- NARRA; Rizal Law

8. Carlos P. Garcia - Filipino First Policy


- Austerity Program
- Libingan ng mga Bayani

9. Disodado P. Macapagal - Abolished tenancy; Tenancy Act


- Poor Boy from Lubao
- Changed the Philippine Independence Day to June 19
- Incorruptible President
- Certificate in Filipino
10. Ferdinand Marcos - 1st President of the Fourth Republic
- Last President of the Third Republic
- Infrastructure Man; Miracle Rice
- Longest reighning president (almost 20 years)

11. Corazon Aquino - Woman of the Year; Ina ng Demokrasya


- 1st President of the Fifth Republic
- R.A 6657 CAR (Agrarian Reform)
- Most number of coup de edat

12. Fidel V. Ramos - 1st Protestant President


- Philippines 2000

13. Joseph Estrada - Father of the Masses

14. Gloria M. Arroyo - Strong Republic


15. Benigno C. Aquino III - 1st Bachelor President
- No Wang Wang Policy
- Tuwid na Daan
16. Rodrigo Ro Duterte - Build, Build, Build Program
- 1st Mindanao President
- Ambisyon Natin 2040
- Anti-Drug Campaign (Tukhang)
- Free Tertiary Education
17. Bongbong Marcos - 3rd Ilocano President
- 17th President of the Republic of the Philippines

Spanish Terms
 pueblo - town/bayan
 cabecera - town center
 alcadia - unspecified area
 ayutamiento - trading center
 reduction - settlement
 polo y servicio - forced labor
 falla - payment for exemption
 tributo - buwis
 bandala - product tax
 governor-general - national
 gobernadorcillo - local; pinakamataas na posisyon na makukuha ng Pilipino sa pamahalaan
 sanctorum - tribute
 cedula personal
 Galleon Trade - source of income of the Filipinos
 Frailocracy - rule of priests; abuse of of prayle
 Encomienda System, Hacienda System, Indulto de Commercio
Theory of the First Filipino
1. Migration Theory (Henry Otley Beyer)
Noted social scientist Henry Otley Beyer believes that Filipinos descended from different groups that came
from Southeast Asia in successive waves of migration.
Mnemonics: AIM
1. Aetas or Negritos (pygmies) – the oldest inhabitants in the Philippines.
- original settlers; came from Zambales

2. Indones - 2nd comers


- 1st immigrants
3. Malays

Precolonial Period Social Classes

 Datu (ruling class)
 Maginoo (noble class, where the datu ascends from)
 Maharlika (Warrior class)
 Timawa (freemen)
 Alipin (dependent class), classified into aliping namamahay (serfs) and aliping saguiguilid (slaves)

Pre-Colonial Communities
 Igorots – Cordillera
 Pintados – Visayas? Panay Island
Branches of the Government in the Philippines
1. Legislative - law-making; Congressman; makes law
2. Executive - implements the law; President, VP; nagpapatupad ng batas
3. Judiciary - interprets the law; Chief Justice
Leadership of Mindanao
 Karim Al Makdum (First Leader)
 Sulu Sutanate (1st Sultunate founded by Abu Bakr)
 Bangsamoro- “bang” Malay word means “nation state”, “moro” means Muslim in Spanish
Coming of the West
 Treaty of Tordesillas – dividing the world into two, East (Portugal) and West (Spain)
Order of Expeditions
1. Magellan 3. Cabot 5. Villalobos
2. Loaisa 4. Saavedra 6. Legazpi
Order of Missionaries
1. Augustinians 3. Jesuits 5. Recollects
2. Franciscans 4. Dominicans 6. Benedicts
Important Acts
1. Payne Aldrich Act - partial free traits 4. Preamble of Jones Law – grant independence of the Ph
2. Underwood Simmons Act – full 5. Hare Hawes - cutting act
3. Jones Law - bicameralism 6. Tydings Mc. Duffie Law - 10-year transition

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