Basic operations

SLES/openSUS
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu Gentoo
E
Install a package(s) zypper install
pacman -S dnf install apt install emerge [-a]
by name zypper in
Remove a package(s) zypper remove
pacman -Rs dnf remove apt autoremove emerge -C
by name zypper rm
Search for
package(s) by
searching the
expression in name,
description, short
zypper search
description. What pacman -Ss dnf search apt search emerge -S
zypper se [-s]
exact fields are being
searched by default
varies in each tool.
Mostly options bring
tools on par.
Upgrade Packages -
Install packages
pacman apt update; apt zypper update emerge -u
which have an older dnf upgrade
-Syu upgrade zypper up world
version already
installed
Upgrade Packages -
Another form of the
update command,
which can perform
more complex
updates -- like
distribution
upgrades. When the
pacman emerge
usual update dnf distro-sync apt full-upgrade zypper dup
-Syu -uDN world
command will omit
package updates,
which include
changes in
dependencies, this
command can
perform those
updates.
Clean up all local pacman -Sc dnf clean all apt-get clean / zypper clean eclean
caches. Options pacman apt-get distfiles
might limit what is -Scc autoclean /
actually cleaned. aptitude clean
Autoclean removes
only unneeded,
obsolete information.
Remove
dependencies that are
no longer needed, pacman
because e.g. the -Qdtq | apt-get emerge
dnf autoremove zypper rm -u
package which pacman -Rs autoremove --depclean
needed the -
dependencies was
removed.
pacman
Remove packages no
-Qm | package-cleanup aptitude purge
longer included in
pacman -Rs --orphans '~o'
any repositories.
-
Mark a package
previously installed pacman -D emerge
dnf mark install apt-mark manual
as a dependency as --asexplicit --select
explicitly required.
Install package(s) as
dependency / without pacman -S dnf install => dnf aptitude install
emerge -1
marking as explicitly --asdeps mark remove '$package&M'
required.
apt-get install
--download-only
Only downloads the
(into the package
given package(s) zypper emerge
pacman -Sw dnf download cache)
without unpacking or --download-only --fetchonly
apt-get download
installing them
(bypass the
package cache)
Start a shell to enter
multiple commands apt-config shell zypper shell
in one session
Show a log of actions cat cat located in
cat
taken by the software /var/log/pac dnf history /var/log/zypp/his /var/log/port
/var/log/dpkg.log
management. man.log tory age
Get a dump of the (see (see apt-cache stats n/a emerge
whole system /var/lib/pac /var/lib/rpm/Pack --info
information - Prints, man/local) ages)
Saves or similar the
current state of the
package management
system. Preferred
output is text or
XML. (Note: Why
either-or here? No
tool offers the option
to choose the output
format.)
e-mail delivery of apt-get install apt-
package changes listchanges
SUSE/openSUS
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu Gentoo
E

Querying specific packages

Red Debian/Ubu SLES/openSUS
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora ntu E
Show all or most information
about a package. The tools'
apt show / emerge -S;
verbosity for the default pacman zypper info
dnf list, dnf info apt-cache emerge -pv;
command vary. But with -[S|Q]i zypper if
policy eix
options, the tools are on par
with each other.
Display local package dpkg -s / emerge -pv
pacman zypper info;
information: Name, version, rpm -qi aptitude and emerge
-Qi rpm -qi
description, etc. show -S
apt-cache
Display remote package emerge -pv
pacman show /
information: Name, version, dnf info zypper info and emerge
-Si aptitude
description, etc. -S
show
Display files provided by pacman
rpm -ql dpkg -L rpm -Ql equery files
local package -Ql
Display files provided by a pkgfile apt-file list
dnf repoquery -l pfl
remote package -l $pattern
rpm -qf
Query the package which pacman (installed only) dpkg -S / equery
zypper search -f
provides FILE -Qo or dnf provides dlocate belongs
(everything)
List the files that the package
pacman
holds. Again, this
-Ql dpkg-query
functionality can be dnf repoquery -l rpm -ql equery files
pkgfile -L
mimicked by other more
-l
complex commands.
Displays packages which
provide the given exp. aka
equery
reverse provides. Mainly a zypper what-
apt-file belongs (only
shortcut to search a specific pkgfile dnf provides provides zypper
search installed
field. Other tools might offer wp
packages); pfl
this functionality through the
search command.
Search all packages to find
the one which holds the pkgfile apt-file equery
dnf provides zypper search -f
specified file. auto-apt is -s search belongs
using this functionality.
Show the changelog of a pacman rpm -q apt-get rpm -q equery
package -Qc --changelog changelog --changelog changes -f
Red Debian/Ubu SUSE/openSU
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora ntu SE

Querying package lists

Debian/Ubunt SLES/openSUS
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Gentoo
u E
Search for package(s)
by searching the
expression in name,
description, short
description. What pacman zypper search
dnf search apt search emerge -S
exact fields are being -Ss zypper se [-s]
searched by default
varies in each tool.
Mostly options bring
tools on par.
Lists packages which
have an update
available. Note: Some zypper list-
provide special pacman dnf list updates, apt-get upgrade updates zypper emerge -uDNp
commands to limit the -Qu dnf check-update -> n patch-check (just world
output to certain for patches)
installation sources,
others use options.
Display a list of all
packages in all
installation sources
apt-cache
that are handled by
dumpavail apt-
the packages
pacman cache dump
management. Some dnf list available zypper packages emerge -ep world
-Sl (Cache only)
tools provide options
apt-cache
or additional
pkgnames
commands to limit the
output to a specific
installation source.
Generates a list of pacman dpkg --list | zypper search
dnf list installed emerge -ep world
installed packages -Q grep ^i --installed-only
List packages that are
installed but are not zypper se -si |
pacman
available in any dnf list extras deborphan grep 'System eix-test-obsolete
-Qm
installation source Packages'
(anymore).
List packages that (none) dnf list recent aptitude search n/a eix-diff
were recently added '~N' / aptitude
to one of the
installation sources,
forget-new
i.e. which are new to
it.
List installed local
pacman zypper search -s;
packages along with rpm -qa dpkg -l emerge -e world
-Q rpm -qa
version
aptitude search
Search locally
pacman '~i(~n $name|
installed package for rpm -qa '*<str>*' eix -S -I
-Qs ~d
names or descriptions
$description)'
List packages not
pacman package-cleanup deborphan
required by any other
-Qt --all --leaves -anp1
package
List packages
pacman apt-mark
installed explicitly
-Qe showmanual
(not as dependencies)
List packages
installed pacman apt-mark
automatically (as -Qd showauto
dependencies)
Debian/Ubunt SUSE/openSUS
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Gentoo
u E

Querying package dependencies

SLES/openS
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu Gentoo
USE
Display packages which
dnf repoquery apt-cache rdepends / zypper
require X to be installed, pacman equery
--alldeps aptitude search search
aka show reverse -Sii depends
--whatrequires ~D$pattern --requires
dependencies.
Display packages which
conflict with given
dnf repoquery aptitude search
expression (often package).
--conflicts '~C$pattern'
Search can be used as well
to mimic this function.
List all packages which are
required for the given pacman dnf repoquery apt-cache depends / zypper info emerge
package, aka show -[S|Q]i --requires apt-cache show --requires -ep
dependencies.
List what the current dpkg -s / aptitude zypper info equery
dnf provides
package provides show --provides files
List all packages that dnf repoquery aptitude search zypper equery
require a particular --alldeps ~D{depends,recomm search depends
package --whatrequires ends,suggests}: --requires -a
 $pattern / aptitude
why
Display all packages that
the specified packages dnf list obsoletes apt-cache show
obsoletes.
Generates an output
suitable for processing with
apt-cache dotty n/a
dotty for the given
package(s).
SUSE/openS
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu Gentoo
USE

Installation sources management

Red Debian/Ubun SLES/openS
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora tu USE
$
$ ${EDITOR} $
{EDITOR}
Installation sources {EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos. {EDITOR}
/etc/zypp/rep layman
management /etc/pacman.c d/$ /etc/apt/source
os.d/$
onf {REPO}.repo s.list
{REPO}.repo
Add an installation
source to the
system. Some tools
provide additional
commands for
certain sources,
others allow all
types of source
URI for the add / /
zypper
command. Again etc/pacman.co etc/yum.repos.d apt-cdrom add layman, overlays
service-add
others, like apt and nf /*.repo
dnf force editing a
sources list. apt-
cdrom is a special
command, which
offers special
options design for
CDs/DVDs as
source.
Refresh the
pacman -Sy
information about dnf clean
(always zypper
the specified expire-cache emerge
upgrade the apt-get update refresh
installation && dnf check- --sync;layman -S
whole system zypper ref
source(s) or all update
afterwards)
installation sources.
Prints a list of all cat cat apt-cache zypper layman -l
installation sources
including important /etc/pacman.d /etc/yum.repos.
policy service-list
information like /mirrorlist d/*
URI, alias etc.
Disable an
dnf emerge
installation source
--disablerepo= package::repo-to-use
for an operation
apt-get install
Download echo
-t release
packages from a "category/package
package/ apt-
different version of dnf ~amd64" >>
get install
the distribution --releasever= /etc/portage/package
package/releas
than the one .keywords &&
e (deps not
installed. emerge package
covered)
Red Debian/Ubun SUSE/openS
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora tu USE

Overrides
Red Debian/Ubu SLES/openS
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora ntu USE
/
Add a package lock etc/pacman.co dnf.conf Put package
/
rule to keep its nf <--”exclude” apt-mark name in
etc/portage/package.
current state from modify option hold pkg /etc/zypp/lock
mask
being changed IgnorePkg (add/amend) s, or zypper al
array
remove
Remove
package from /
package
Delete a package IgnorePkg line apt-mark etc/portage/package.
name from
lock rule in unhold pkg mask (or
/etc/zypp/lock
/etc/pacman.co package.unmask)
s or zypper rl
nf
cat / View cat
Show a listing of all
/etc/pacman.co etc/apt/prefer /etc/zypp/lock /etc/portage/package
lock rules
nf ences s or zypper ll .mask
Set the priority of
the given package to
${EDITOR}
avoid upgrade, force
/etc/pacman.co ${EDITOR}
downgrade or to
nf / /etc/portage/package
overwrite any
Modify etc/apt/prefer .keywords
default behavior. zypper mr -p
HoldPkg ences, apt- Add a line with
Can also be used to
and/or cache policy =category/package-
prefer a package
IgnorePkg version
version from a
arrays
certain installation
source.
 ${EDITOR}
Remove a / /etc/portage/package
previously set etc/apt/prefer zypper mr -p .keywords
priority ences remove offending
line
apt-cache
cat
Show a list of set policy
zypper lr -p /etc/portage/package
priorities. /etc/apt/prefe
.keywords
rences
Ignores problems
that priorities may n/a
trigger.
Red Debian/Ubu SUSE/openS
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora ntu USE

Verification and repair

Red Debian/Ubu SLES/open
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora ntu SUSE
Verify single
pacman -Qk[k] rpm -V debsums rpm -V equery check
package
Verify all packages pacman -Qk[k] rpm -Va debsums rpm -Va equery check
Reinstall given
Package - Will zypper
apt install
reinstall the given pacman -S dnf reinstall install emerge [-a]
--reinstall
package without --force
dependency hassle.
Verify
dependencies of
the complete
dnf repoquery apt-get zypper emerge -uDN
system. Used if pacman -Dk
--requires check verify world
installation process
was forcefully
killed.
pacman dep level -
Use some magic to apt-get --fix-
pacman -Dk, shared
fix broken dnf repoquery broken zypper
lib level - revdep-rebuild
dependencies in a --unsatisfied aptitude verify
findbrokenpkgs or
system install
lddd
Add a checkpoint
(unnecessary,
to the package
done on every n/a
system for later
transaction)
rollback
Remove a
checkpoint from N/A N/A n/a
the system
Provide a list of all
N/A dnf history list n/a
system checkpoints
Rolls entire
packages back to a dnf history
N/A n/a
certain date or rollback
checkpoint.
Undo a single
dnf history
specified N/A n/a
undo
transaction.
Red Debian/Ubu SUSE/open
Action Arch Gentoo
Hat/Fedora ntu SUSE

Using package files and building packages

Red
Debian/Ubunt SLES/openSU
Action Arch Hat/Fedor Gentoo
u SE
a
Query a package supplied
on the command line
rather than an entry in the pacman -Qp rpm -qp dpkg -I
package management
database
List the contents of a rpmls rpm
pacman -Qpl dpkg -c rpm -qpl
package file -qpl
Installs local package file,
e.g. app.rpm and uses the
pacman -U dnf install apt install zypper in emerge
installation sources to
resolve dependencies
Updates package(s) with
local packages and uses dnf
pacman -U debi emerge
the installation sources to upgrade
resolve dependencies
Add a local package to the
cp $filename cp $filename
local package cache
/var/cache/pac apt-cache add n/a /usr/portage/
mostly for debugging
man/pkg/ distfiles
purposes.
rpm2cpio | rpm2cpio |
Extract a package tar -Jxvf dpkg-deb -x tar -jxvf
cpio -vid cpio -vid
Install/Remove packages
to satisfy build-
dnf apt-get build-
dependencies. Uses automatic zypper si -d emerge -o
builddep dep
information in the source
package.
Display the source dnf
apt-cache
package to the given repoquery n/a
showsrc
package name(s) -s
Downloads the
dnf
corresponding source Use ABS && apt-get source / zypper source- emerge
download
package(s) to the given makepkg -o debcheckout install --fetchonly
--source
package name(s)
rpmbuild
-ba rpmbuild -ba;
ebuild;
Build a package makepkg -s (normal) debuild build; osc
quickpkg
mock (in build
chroot)
Check for possible
namcap rpmlint lintian rpmlint repoman
packaging issues
Red
Debian/Ubunt SUSE/openS
Action Arch Hat/Fedor Gentoo
u USE
a