Unit QUESTION Is it ever OK to lie? @ Discuss these questions with your classmates. Do you think children lie more than adults? What kinds of things do people lie about? Look at the photo. Where is the woman? ‘What is she doing? Q Discuss the Unit Question above with your classmates. Listen to The @ Classroom, Track Bon CO 2, to hear other answers. 141AINA JHL M3IAaed L 142 @ Complete the activities. 1, Read each situation. Imagine you are in the situation and choose your answer. Then discuss your choice with a partner. Situation 1: A classmate asks you to go to a movie. You don’t want to. What do you say? Classmate: “Do you want to go to a movie tonight?” You: “I'm sorry. I can't go. I'm busy tonight.” OR “No thanks. I don't really want to go.” Situation 2: Your grandmother gives you a watch. You don't like it. What do you say? | Grandmother: “Happy birthday! I got this for you.” You: “Thank you. I really like it.” OR “Thank you. It's not really my style, though.” a) 2. Take turns role-playing each situation above with your partner. Can you think of another possible answer? You can use one of the answer choices or your own idea © Read each statement in the survey. Check (7) Agree or Disagree. Then compare your answers in a group. Agree Disagree 1. It’s possible to tell the truth ll of the time. 7 2. People don’t want to hear the truth. 3. A good friend always tells the truth. 4. Some les are OK because they make people happy. 5. Allliesare wrong. UNIT | Isitever OK to lie?READING 1 | The Lies People Tell VOCABULARY Here are some words from Reading 1. Read thi complete each sentence. definitions. Then admit (verb) to say you did something wrong or that something bad is true boss (noun) a person at a workplace who tells other people what to do continue (verb) to go on or keep on; to not stop control (verb) to make people or things do what you want fire (verb) to tell someone to leave his or her job | furniture (noun) tables, chairs, beds | punishment (noun) something bad that happens to someone because he or | she did something wrong | reputation (noun) what people say or think about someone or something | trouble (noun) a difficulty or problem 1. My grandparents have with their loud neighbors. 2. These chairs are really old. I need some new 3. Johnny, you were late. Your _ ___ isto stay after school. 4. Samantha never listens and doesn’t follow company rules. I think we need to her. 5, Itisdifficultto children. They have lots of energy when they are young. 6. Tim sorry. 1 _. __ that I made a mistake. 7. People say he is a very good worker and an honest person. He has an excellent 8. Please stop telling me what to do all the time! You're not my 9. Our neighbor often tells us to be quiet, but we wo play loud music every night. | Reading and Writing 143PREVIEW READING 1 This is a magazine article about the different kinds of lies people tell. Preview the article. Check (/) two topics you think you will read about. Topics Chow to tella lie © the lies people often tell 02 Trcko Read the article. Most people don't admit it, but people often tell lies. These are nine lies people often tell. Lie 4: “You look great!” ‘A woman asks her husband, “Does my hair look OK?" The husband doesn't like it, but he says something nice. He says, “You look great!” Why? He wants his wife to be happy. He doesn't want to hurt her feelings. Lie 2: “I didn’t do itt” A boy breaks a cup. His mother asks, “Who broke the cup?” The boy says, “I didn't do it.” Why? The boy did something wrong. He is afraid of the punishment. He tells 2 lie so he doesn't get in trouble. Lie 3: “He came to work on time.” Lina works in an office. Another worker in her office, Pete, has trouble with his car. Pete often arrives late to work. The boss is not happy with him. The boss asks Lina, "Did Pete come to work on time today?” He didn’t, but Lina says, “Yes.” Why? She lies to protect him. 144 UNITS | Isitever OK to lie? (2 what to do when a person lies to you 1 why people tell lies “didn't doit Lie “The cat went to a farm.” The family cat dies. “It went to a farm to play with other cats,” say the parents, They don't say the cat died. Why not? They lie to protect their children from the truth, They think it will hurt too much. : “You won't get any gifts!” A boy hits his little sister at his birthday party. The parents say, “Stop! You won't get your gifts if you hit her again!” This is not true. They plan to give their son his gifts even if he continues to behave badly*. Why do they tell a lie? They lie to control their son. ychave badly: to do or say things in away that is wrong, fo sageetemrmrnn ns AO) FM ARRAS NINO ANLie 6: “The fish was three feet long!" Joe is telling a story about his fishing trip. He says a fish he caught was three feet long, but it wasn't really very big. Why? He lies in order to tell a more interesting story. Lie 7: “I can speak three languages.” Pamela tells her classmates, “! can speak three languages.” She can really speak only two languages. Why does she lie? She wants to make a good impression® on her new classmates. Pamela wants them to think she Is very intelligent. Lie 8: “This special price is tor today only.” A store ad says it has special prices on furniture for today only. The truth is that the price is the same every day. Why does the store lie? It lies in order to make more money. People tell fie for different reasons Customers buy more furniture when they believe the prices are special for one day only. Lie 9: “Her boss fired her from her last job!” Aman tells people at work that a new worker's boss fired her from her last job. This Is not true. The man tells the lie to. hurt the other worker's reputation. ke a good impression: to mske people think good things about you MAIN IDEAS Why do people lie? Check (/) the seven reasons from the article. 1. They want to be famous. .. They want to protect someone. They don’t want to hurt someone's feelings ‘They want to make a person laugh. ‘They want to make a good impression. ‘They want to make more money. ‘They don't want to get in trouble. ‘They want to control a child. They want to get a job. ‘They want to hurt someone's reput Ooo0ccoooa YPErnavawn | Reading and Writing 145146 DETAILS In the Unit 4 Reading Skill on page 66, you learned that good readers make inferences. Circle the best inference for each lie from Reading 1. 1. “You look great!” a. The man cares about his wife, b. ‘The man likes short hair. 2. “I didn't do itt” a. ‘The child’s parents punish the child when he does something wrong, b. ‘the child breaks things often. 3. “The cat went to a farm.” a. The family will get a new cat. b. The children loved the family cat. 4. “Her boss fired her from her last job!” a. The man doesn't like the new worker. b. ‘The new worker changes jobs a lot. Waar Do You Tank? A. Check OK or Not OK for each lie from Reading 1. 1, “You look great!” a Oo 2. “Ididn't do it” a Oo] 3. "He came to work on time.” Do 4. "The cat went to a farm.” a a” 5. “You won't get any gifts” a 6. “The fish was three feet long!” Oo a 7. “lean speak three languages” o ca 8. "This special price is for today only.” oo, oo. B. Discuss the questions in a group. Then choose one question and write three to four sentences about it in your notebook. 1. What is one lie from the chart in Activity A that you feel is OK? Why do. you think so? 2. What is one lie from the chart in Activity A that you feel is not OK? Why do you think so? UNIT | Isit ever OK to lie?Pronouns take the place of nouns and avoid repetition. [ 7 Brian says he is coming here tomorrow. (subject pronoun) X Brian says Brian is coming here tomorrow. [ % Brian says to call him this evening. (object pronoun). LX Brian says to call Brian this evening. Here are the subject and object pronouns. ‘Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns 1 me you you he him she her it it we us. they them ‘To understand a pronoun, you need to identify the noun it refers to. The noun a pronoun refers to is called its referent. Look for + anoun that comes before the pronoun. (It may be in a different sentence) + anoun that agrees with the pronoun in gender and number (For example, he agrees with brother, she does not; it agrees with book, they does not) If there are two or more possibilities, use the context to help you decide. [My sisters like to ride in sports cars, but they don't enjoy driving them. It does not make sense for sisters to be the object of the verb drive. In this sentence, them refers back to cars. Look at these examples. a | GRlicedidn't do her homework Ghddied to her teacher. { | ra The machind doesn't work({t}oesn't turn on, a — Gini very popular. His ae cs Ge gBale 00k 0 | L | Reading and Writing 147148 A. Read the sentences and look at the pronouns in bold. Circle the noun the pronoun refers to, 1. People say they always tell the truth. 2. A small lie can grow big. It has a life of its own. 3. Children start to lie at age four or five. They lie to get out of trouble. 4. Janet lied about the schools she went to. She said she went to very famous schools. 5. Writer Stephen Glass lied in his stories. He lied to make them more interesting, B. Read the excerpts from Reading 1 and look at the pronouns in bold. Then circle the noun each pronoun refers to. 1. A woman asks her husband, “Do you like my hair?” The husband doesn't like it, but he says, “You look great!” Why? He wants her to be happy. a. it: woman / hair / husband b. he: woman / hair / husband c. her: woman / hair / husband 2. Lina works in an office. Another worker in her office, Pete, often has trouble with his car. The boss is not happy with him. He asks Lina, “Did Pete come to work on time today?” Lina says, “Yes.” Why? She wants to protect him. a. his ina / Pete / boss b, He: Lina / Pete / boss c. She: Lina / Pete / boss 3. The family cat dies. “It went to a farm to play with other cats,” say the parents. Why? They want to protect their children from the truth. ‘The parents think it will hurt too much. a. It: cat/parents/ truth b. They: cat / parents / truth c. its cat/ parents / truth 4. A boy hits his little sister at his birthday party. The parents say, “Stop! You won't get your presents if you hit her again.” This is not true. They plan to give him the presents, even if he continues to behave badly. a. You: boy / sister / parents b. her: boy / sister/ parents c. They: boy / sister / parents UNITS | Is it ever OK to lie?READING 2 | Honesty and Parenting VocaBULARY Here are some words from Reading 2. Read the sentences. Then write each bold word next to the correct definition. 1. “The purpose of this activity is to learn new words. 2. I don’t agree with your opinion. You think it’s OK to lie, but I don't. 3. You can trust him. He never lies. 4. Lrespect my father very much. I want to be like him. 5. Jill and Rob have a good relationship. They take care of each other. 6. Good piano players practice every day. People require eight hours of sleep a night. With less than eight hours of sleep, people get sick more often. 8. I try to avoid dangerous situations, That’s why I don’t go out after 11:00 at night. a (noun) what you think about something b _____. (verb) to think good things about someone or something < ___ (verb) to need something (verb) to try not to do something e (verb) to believe that someone or something is honest and good and will not hurt you in any way £ (verb) to do something many times so that you will do it well E (noun) the reason for doing something h. (noun) the way people or groups feel about each other | Reading and Writing 149vey @ecrsuecers PREVIEW READING 2 Internet chat rooms te a good place to. You are going to read postings in an Internet chat room. in this chat room, practice writing in i hildren. English Mary Engish Parents talk about some of the problems they have with their children, phages ‘Skim the posts. What is Marisa worried about? Check (7) your answer. Jo this. Dont worry ‘about mistakes. O not teaching soccer to her son People only want t Ser rae CF not telling the truth to her son i not punishing her son coz wack 9 Read the chat room posts, He's not very good, but he loves it. Yesterday he played very badly, When he finished the game, he said, “Did | play well?" I said, "Yes! You're a great soccer x player!" Did I do the right thing? 'sit ever OK fora parent to lie to a child? My 10-year-old son plays soccer. Yes, you did the right thing, You told your son a white lie!. Your purpose was to make him feel good. Now he’s ready to play soccer again, |n my opinion, you should be honest. Your son wanted to know the truth. He knew he didn’t play well. In time, he will learn not to believe you. He will ot trust you. He will not respect you. Honesty is the first step to a. good parent-child relationship. Bernie You lied to make your son feel better, but you missed an opportunity to teach him a life lesson. People need to work hard for what they want. Maybe next time you can say, “No, you didn't play well today. Great soccer players practice a lot. Let's go practice” The truth will make him strong and a good soccer player. 5 white fe: a small lie that doesn’t cause any harm 150 UNITS | Isitever OK to lie?What do you say to him when he plays a good game? Do you lie and say that heis a really great player so he believes you? Every lie requires five more lies. You worry too much. White lies are a necessary part of life. We need to lie to avoid hurting each other. | don’t think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children. want my 6 children to become honest adults. Children learn honesty from the examples they see. We need to be honest in order to teach honesty to our children. “Ee Linda Children need honesty from their parents. Parents need to avoid lying, but they don’t need to tell the whole truth. Next time, when your son asks, "Did! play well?” you can say, “What do you think?” Then your son can tell you what he thinks. That way, everything you say is true, and you avoid truth that hurts. Parviz MAIN IDEAS Complete the chart. Check (V) Yes or No. 2. Bemie - o 3 Missy - a a a oO 7 Pawie a | Reading and Writing Qo a4 151DETAILS isi 2 Write Look at Reading 2. Why is it OK for Marisa to lie? Why is it not OK’ all the reasons in the chart. Reasons It's OK to Lie Reasons It’s not OK to Li ‘The son feels good about himself, | The son won't trust his mother. Gg WHAT Do You THINK? A. Discuss the questions in a group. 1, Which person in Reading 2 do you agree with? Why? 2. Which person in Reading 2 do you disagree with? Why? B. Think about both Reading 1 and Reading 2 as you discuss the questions. 1. What kinds of lies do parents sometimes tell their children? 2. Which lies are OK to tell children? Dior success Collocations are words that often go together, os [ ~¥ make the bed dictionary to help # dothe bed ‘Bhocaton Youcan [ ¥ dothe dishes tho find colocation X make the dishes most dictionaries, In the examples, do the bed and make the dishes are Possible grammatically, but Speake tit aos Tansee togethae, Muks se bec and dhe the aan are the collocations that we use. Learning common col i speak and write more naturally. Peatons Willhelp you 152 UNITS | Isit ever OK to lie?‘A. Complete each collocation with a word or phrase from the box. These collocations are in Readings 1 and 2. someone's feelings the right thing the truth .go0d impression | | | in trouble astory alie Mtl 5. do 2. tell 6. hurt 3. tell 7. get 4. make B. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box. | truth stories the right thing feelings agoodimpression trouble 1. Helies so often. I never know when he is telling me the 2. I'm sorry Ilied. I didn't want to hurt your ___ 3. Sometimes it’s hard to do __. but it’s important to try. 4, Jim tells funny __ - Lalways laugh when he tells the one about the fish. 5, My parents know I ied. I really don't want to get in 6. She answered the boss's questions very well. She made | Reading and Writing 153,Ess ur Writing conduding sentences | Ss A good concluding sentence closes the paragraph. Sometimes it tells the reader the main idea again. It does not add new information. [ ‘Sometimes we lie for good reasons. We lie to make people feel good. 154 L We lie to make our stories more interesting. We lie to protect the people we love. There are times when a lie is better than the truth. Note: Concluding sentences are important in long paragraphs. Sometimes, concluding sentences are not necessary in short paragraphs. - Complete each paragraph with the correct concluding sentence from the box. a. Every day, adults lie to get out of trouble. b. It’s OK to lie if it makes someone feel good. Only truth carrproteetthe people we love: 4d. When a person avoids the truth, the person is lying oon Some lies seem OK, but they can hurt people in the end. We tell these small lies to make people happy. We tell these lies to protect the people we love. In the end, the truth always comes out. In the end, the people we love are hurt and unhappy. Only truth can protect the people welove. 2. Not only children lie to avoid punishment. Sometimes a fast driver lies to avoid a ticket from a police officer. Sometimes an employee lies to avoid trouble with the boss. Sometimes a friend lies to avoid making a friend angry. 3. Ahalf-truth is a whole lie. For example, a wife wants to go on a family vacation. The husband asks, “Can we pay for this vacation?” ‘The wife knows itis very expensive, but she says, “Yes, we can pay for it” She's thinking, “We can pay for it with credit cards.” She doesn’t explain the whole truth. UNITS | Is it ever OK to lie?4, The only bad lies are the lies that hurt. Some people like to believe lies. They know the lies are not true, but they like to think they are. For example, someone says, “You make the best cup of coffee in the world.” That probably isn't true, but it feels good to hear. B. Write a concluding sentence for each paragraph. Then read your sentences to a partner. 1. _ Honesty is always the right way. Some people say that if the purpose of the lie is good, then the lie is OK. I don't think so. To have a good relationship, you need to respect and trust a person. It's not possible to trust and respect someone who lies. 2. Thave a good friend named Alex. He is very honest with me. If I make a mistake, he tells me. I always know he will tell me the truth. J trust him. t's important to be honest, but it’s also important to be kind. Sometimes we have to make a decision between the two. In situations when the truth can hurt, I think itis better to say nothing. | Reading and Writing 155SCM el eed tes ke Infinitives to show purpose As you learned in the Unit 2 Grammar on page 37, an infinitive is to + the base form of the verb, and it can come after the verbs like, want, and need. Another ‘Way you can use an infinitive is to give a purpose for someone's action. An infinitive of purpose explains why someone does something. [She lies to her child to be nice. (Why does she lie? Her purpose is to be nice) They lied to make more money. (Why did they lie? Their purpose was to | make more money.) | They listen to music to relax. (Why do they listen to music? Their purpose | istorelox} | We laugh to improve our health. (Why do we laugh? Our purpose is to improve our health.) Inorder finitive to show purpose You can also use in order + an infinitive to show the purpose. The meaning is the same, but more formal. Use in order with negative infinitives. | Shelies to her child in order to be nice. She lies to her child in order not to hurt his feelings. A. Look back at Reading 1. Underline all the examples of infinitives of Purpose. Write the number of examples of each. Compare your results with a partner. 1. There are __ examples of infinitives of purpose in Reading 1 2. There are __ examples of in order + infinitive in Reading 1. 156 UNITS | Isitever OK to lie?Diersuccess ‘A quotation mark introduces the exact ‘words a person said, Use a comma after the verbs say, tll, ete B. Complete each sentence. Use an infinitive of purpose or in order + infinitive and a reason from the box. make money get out of trouble hurt his. 1, Dennis didn't do his homework. The teachers asked him for his homework. Dennis said, “I did it, but I left it at home on my desk.” Dennis lied _to get out of trouble : 2. A used car salesman said, “This car is in perfect condition.” But the car has some serious problems. ‘The salesman lied 3. Jim is often in trouble in school. One day in class Jim broke a chair. The teacher asked the class, “Who broke this chair?” Jim's friend Gino said, “I did. I'm sorry. It was an accident.” Gino lied 4, John bought a ring for his mother. He showed the ring to his friend ‘Sam, Sam thought it was ugly. Sam said, “The ring is beautiful. Your mother will love it.” Sam lied 5, Alex told Samir, “Nobody likes you.” In fact, everyone likes Samir. Alex wants to be popular, too, but he isn’t. Alex lied | Reading and Wrting 157rite an opinion paragraph | ‘Unit Assignment: BY 8. In this assignment, you are going to write an opinion paragraph about Q lying online. Do you think it’s OK to lie online? As you prepare your paragraph, think about the Unit Question, “Is it ever OK to lie?” and refer to the Self-Assessment checklist on page 160. For alternative unit assignments, see the Q: Skills for Success Teacher's Handbook. PLAN AND WRITE A Complete the activities. 1, Read the question from the website LiarsHelpGroup.com Chad Chat: | spend a lot of time on the Internet. 1 go to many chat rooms and talk with many people online. | don’t give my real name have an online name. Sometimes | also tell white lies about myselt. WSs fun, I fee! like a different person. Is it OK to lie online? 2. Discuss these questions with a partner. a. Why do you think Chad Chat lies about himself online? b. Is LOK to lie about yourself online? 3. Discuss the reasons in the chart with your partner. Then write two new possible reasons. Reasons it’s OK to lie online { -asons 's not OK to lie online Re: It doesn't hurt anyone. You can get in trouble. + { | { | 158 UNITS | Isitever OK tolie?@ voitical thinks CAPLAN] Complete the outline. You can use ideas from Activity A or In Activity 8, you have to sy your your own ideas, opinion and give Topi fives reasons is) ‘epic sentence: In my opinion, it (is / isn't ) OK to lie online. justify it, or give support for it Reason 1: It (is / isn't) OK to lie online because Justifying your opinions helps people understand your ideas better. Reason 2: It (is / isn't) OK to lie online because Reason 3: It (is / isn't) OK to lie online because Concluding sentence: Your Writing [HA Write your paragraph in your notebook. Look at the Process Self-Assessment checklist on page 160 to guide your writing. Forthis activity, you can Took at Stage 1C, Writing ee REVISE AND EDIT QOntine Practice. ~ A. PEATE Read a partner's paragraph. Answer the questions and discuss them with your partner. 1. Is there a topic sentence? Write TS next to the topic sentence. 2. Are there three supporting reasons for your partner’s opinion? Write R next to each reason. 3, Is there a concluding sentence? Write CS next to the concluding sentence. 4. Is there something you don't understand? Write a question mark (2) in the margin Review the answers to the questions in Activity A. You may want to revise and rewrite your paragraph. | Reading andWriting 159160 ' EDI Complete the Self-Assessment checklist as you prepare to write the final draft of your paragraph. Be prepared to hand in your work or discuss itin class, re Ey Bd oj}a| a Gon afoo:a BHd.00 0 a UNITS | Is itever OK to lie? Is the first line of the paragraph indented? _ Does every sentence begin with a capital letter? Does every sentence have final punctuation? Does every sentence have a subject and a verb? Does every subject and verb agree? Is the spelling correct? Check a dictionary if you are not sure. Does the paragraph have vocabulary words from the unit? ‘Are the infinitives of purpose correct? Does the paragraph have a good concluding sentence?rack Your Success Circle the words you learned in this unit. Nouns | verbs | boss & admit furniture P avoid & opinion & continue & | punishment & control & purpose & fire 2 relationship & practice & | reputation & require PO | trouble & respect # { | trust | | & Orford 2000 keywords [EIS Academic Word List i Check (/) the skills you learned. If you need more work on a skill, refer to the page(s) in parentheses. READING __ can identify pronoun referents. (p. 147) VOCABULARY __Icanrecognize and use collocations. (p. 152) WRITING __ I can write concluding sentences. (p. 154) GRAMMAR __ can recognize and use infinitives of purpose. (p. 156) | Reading and Writing 161