Module

ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES Grade 12

PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1 Module 1
Week
First Edition, 2020
4
Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON
Regional Director: Wilfredo E. Cabral
CLMD Chief: Job S. Zape, Jr.

GRADE 12
ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND
PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

Quarter 1 Module 1

Development Team of the Module

Author: Mary Grace Catuira Talavera

Editor:

Reviewer:
Illustrator:

Layout Artist:

Management Team: , CID Chief

, SDO EPS In-charge of LR
Romyr L. Lazo, EPS In-charge of LR
, EPS Subject Area In-charge
Fe M. Ong-ongowan, Librarian
Lhovie A. Cauilan, Teaching Aid Specialist

Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Cainta Rizal
Landline: 02-868-257-73, Local 420/421
1
Email Address: [email protected]
 I What I Need to Know?

Dealing with “concept” can be a challenging and utmost a difficult task to do. One’s concept of
an idea, say “success” for one, maybe different with yours and the others. If you want your view
of “success” be perceived the same way by the others, you will need to know how to do it. Hence,
by the end of this lesson, you will be able to determine the ways you, as a writer, can elucidate
on a concept by definition, explication, and clarification.

I What is New?

Activity 1: Similarly different

differentlysimilar
Since you are at home, see how similar or different your concepts are when it comes to the
following words below. Ask at least three persons with you about what they think the words on
the first column mean for them.

Word You Person 1 Person 2 Person 3

Friendship
Love
Family

How did the answers go? __________________________________________________

Did you get the same interpretation of the words? Why do you think so?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
What do you realize after doing this activity? __________________________________________________

D What I Know?

Activity 2: Connecting Ideas

The interpretations and meanings you asked from your family members are what we call
“concept”. Based on their answers, complete the word web below with the words you think can
be associated with “concept”.

___

______ concept ____

______

2
D What is in?

Activity 3: Read on, Move on

Let us test your reading skills and see how much you understand the text below. After reading
the selection, answer the questions on the next page in a separate piece of paper.

FACTS ABOUT COVID-19

Lisa Bender (Education UNICEF NYHQ)

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for
virus, and ‘D’ for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or
‘2019-nCoV.’ The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and some types of common cold.

Symptoms can include fever, cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, infection
can cause pneumonia or breathing difficulties. More rarely, the disease can be fatal. These
symptoms are similar to the flu (influenza) or the common cold, which are a lot more common
than COVID-19. This is why testing is required to confirm if someone has COVID-19.

The virus is transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets of an infected person
(generated through coughing and sneezing). Individuals can also be infected from and
touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and touching their face (e.g., eyes, nose,
mouth). The COVID-19 virus may survive on surfaces for several hours, but simple
disinfectants can kill it.
 
Older people, and people with chronic medical conditions, such as diabetes and heart
disease, appear to be more at risk of developing severe symptoms.  As this is a new virus, we
are still learning about how it affects children. We know it is possible for people of any age to
be infected with the virus, but so far there are relatively few cases of COVID-19 reported
among children. This is a new virus and we need to learn more about how it affects
children. The virus can be fatal in rare cases, so far mainly among older people with pre-
existing medical conditions.

There is no currently available vaccine for COVID-19. However, many of the symptoms can be
treated and getting early care from a healthcare provider can make the disease less
dangerous. There are several clinical trials that are being conducted to evaluate potential
therapeutics for COVID-19.

As with other respiratory infections like the flu or the common cold, public health measures
are critical to slow the spread of illnesses. Public health measures are everyday preventive
actions that include staying home when sick, covering mouth and nose with flexed elbow or
tissue when coughing or sneezing. washing hands often with soap and water, and cleaning
frequently touched surfaces and objects.

3
 1. What is the text all about?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What ideas are presented in the text? How are they presented?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the impacts of Covid-19 to you as a student? To your family? To the
community?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What do you think can you do to address this pandemic?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Examine closely your answers to the questions because these will be helpful for you to better
understand our lesson for this week.

D What is it?

Read the thoroughly for you to better understand the concept of concept.

Ways to Explain a Concept

The activities you have done so far should have made you realize that concept is an abstract and
general idea. Hence, its interpretation and meanings vary from one person to another.
Several factors contribute to one’s view of a certain concept. It can be an understanding retained
in the mind, from experience, reasoning and/or imagination. There is no specific definition about
how to describe a concept. It may entail a lot of readings, from books, to newspapers, research
papers in order to define one specific concept. To be able to define and explain it, a number of
details and examples are needed.

Below are the three ways which can help you explain a certain concept.

1. Definition- is the method of identifying a given term and making its meaning clearer.
It can be presented in three ways
a. Formal – explains a term to be defined, category, and details
Example: Ascorbic acid is a water-soluble vitamin and is found in variable quantities in
fruits and vegetables and organ meats (e.g. liver and kidney).
b. Informal – is done through a parenthetical or brief explanation
• Example: Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is necessary for the growth,
development and repair of all body tissues.
c. Extended – a detailed way of defining and term and usually composed of at least
one paragraph (formal and informal, comparison and contrast, narration, description)
• Example: Senior high school or SHS refers to the last two years of the K to 12
program that has been implemented by the Department of Education here in the
Philippines since 2012 – namely, grades 11 and 12. Students are now required to
choose their preferred senior high strands upon their entrance and to begin

4
 studying the subjects that are going to introduce them to the career path that they
want to take.
Signal Words for Definition: as defined, for example, for instance. Is defined as, means, such
as and to illustrate

2. Explication- is a method of explanation in which sentences, verses, quotes or passages are

taken from a literary or academic work and then interpreted and explained in a detailed way
• Example: In his very first paragraph of A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens
demonstrates both similarity and contrast existed between the two countries, England
and France during the French Revolution. This passage presents an image of chaos and
turmoil, which ensue due to a clash between extreme ideas between the two different
countries and their people.

3. Clarification - is a method of explanation in which the points are organized from a general
abstract idea to specific and concrete examples. It involves offering back to the speaker the
essential meaning, as understood by the listener, of what they have just said. Thereby checking
that the listener's understanding is correct and resolving any areas of confusion or
misunderstanding.
• Examples: Justice is a broad concept which encompasses a wide set of ideas, most of
which also branch out into similar notions. For instance, it can refer to the sentencing of
criminal based on due process. When an individual gets what he deserves outside the
hands of the law, it is also considered justice in some contexts. …….
Signal words for clarification: After all, as an example, for instance, in other words, in
particular, specifically, to clarify, to be specific

E What is More?

Activity 4: Re-view

Go back and read again the “Facts about COVID-19”. Determine the ways the writer used to
elucidate different concepts in the text. Provide the part of the text the proves your answer. Use
the table below as your guide.

Way used to elucidate concept Supporting Details

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

5
 E What I can do?

Activity 5: Learning in Print

Think about your strand specialization as a senior high school student. Make the people around
you who are not familiar with your strand understand it. Discuss it the way that they will want
to take the same course as yours. Present your ideas by using the different ways of explaining
concepts which we have discussed earlier.

Your outputs will be assessed using the following criteria:

Content 40
Organization 35
Mechanics 25

E What else can I do?

Activity 6: Knew the News

Now that you can explain your own concept using the different ways we have discussed, this
time, browse newspapers magazines, or journals (can be in print or online). Look for an article
discussing any current issue that interests you. Identify what way/s the writer used in
explaining the issue. Use the table below as your guide.

Way used to explain the issue Supporting Details

1.
2.
3.

A What I have learned?

Activity 8: Minding the Map

Let us see how much you have learned from this lesson. Fill in the second circle which is
connected to “CONCEPT” with the 3 different ways of explaining a concept. From each of this
circle are three other circles which you will fill in with short description of the word it is
connected.

6
 __
__
__ ___ __
_
__ ___ __
__ _ _
CONCEPT _ __
__ __
___ ___
__ _ ___ _ __
___
__
__ _ __ ___
_ __ __ _
A What I can achieve?
_ _
Activity 7: Learning Check

Identify the way used in explaining on the following excerpts. Write definition, explication, or
clarification on your paper.

1. Automotive technology is the practical application of knowledge about self-propelled vehicles

or machines. Students studying automotive technology learn about engine construction, fuel
and ignition systems, power trains, brakes, transmissions, electronic and diagnostic equipment,
and more.
2. A learning continuity plan seeks to ensure that students’ learning progresses even amidst
disasters such as natural calamities, storms, fires, and pandemics. This plan overcomes
obstacles created by the disasters through innovative means of teaching and learning,
keeping students on track with their courses.
3. Vlog posts consist of creating a video of yourself where you talk on a particular subject
such as reporting or reviewing a product or an event. It can even serve as a way to share
your artistic process or provide a tutorial guide on a creative practice or topic. Some
vloggers even use it as a means to share new performance art or music they have created.
4. Nathaniel Hawthorne opens his novel, The Scarlet Letter, with a paragraph that depicts a
crowd assembled in front of a prison door. The people are waiting for Hester Prynne to
show up with her scarlet letter “A.” The author describes the crowd as a “throng,”
suggesting a mob-like and densely packed group. The mood is not pleasant, but somber –
displayed by their “sad-colored” garments, hoods, and gray hats.
5. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses causing a range of illnesses, from the common
cold to more serious infections such as those caused by Middle East Respiratory
Syndrome-related Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-
related Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Coronavirus can also cause a variety of diseases in farm
animals and domesticated pets.

7
 Reflection

To complete your task on Activity 1, “What I Learned”, write your learning, realization
and commitment by completing the phrases below:

My journey through this lesson enabled me to learn

_____________________________________________________________________________________

It made me realize that

_____________________________________________________________________________________
I therefore commit to
_____________________________________________________________________________________

References

Bender, L (2020). Key Messages and Actions for COVID-19 Prevention and Control in Schools
March 2020. Education in Emergencies. UNICEF New York. Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/key-messages-and-actions-for-
covid-19-prevention-and-control-in-schools-march-2020.pdf?sfvrsn=baf81d52_4

Read more at: https://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/clarification.html