1.

Brittle material
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it breaks with little elastic deformation and without significant
plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength.
Breaking is often accompanied by a snapping sound.
examples
Bone, cast iron, Glassing, ceramic, and concrete are examples of brittle materials. Materials that have relatively
large plastic regions under tensile stress are known as ductile 
2. 50mm concrete in thickness resistance against fireproofing (time)
2-3 hours
Ans. 2-3 hours as per ASTM E 119, Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
3. Why we use vibrator
We use vibratory to increase the workability & consolidation of concrete
Concrete vibrators consolidate freshly poured concrete so that trapped air shall be released
4. Why Concrete crack appear.
Dehydration , shrinkage
Low consolidation (vibrating), exceed water cement ratio/water tempering, not sufficient curing
of concrete, hot weather, unskilled concrete worker (workman ship), if concrete exceed the
initial setting time 90 Minutes before pouring (casted expired concrete)
5. Natural pozzolan use how much % in cement
25 % parcent for normal concrete and upto 50% for special strength
6. Bend of bar (bar hook) having dia 16mm or less also bend Angle
ANS = 9d
Up to 16 mm =6db for ties & strips =4db
Upto 25 mm =6db = 6db
Upto 36 mm =8db
43 , 57 mm = 10 db
As per ACI-318M

7. Mixing of water in cement according to which standard

318 , ASTM-C-1602

8. Minimum height of structure up to ground level.

Depth of Footings as per SAES-M-100 below the undisturbed ground surface shall be 12 inches
(305 mm) and substitute “below the existing or finished grade surface shall be 600 mm
9. Aggregate Washing water (TDS)
3500 ppm (parts per million)
10. Minimum size of Aggregate in concrete
10mm
11. Maximum size of Aggregate in concrete
20mm
12. Clean sand passing (200 sieve) %.
Less than 10%
13. Sulpher extended asphalt temperature at the time when it leaves to batch plant.
130° to 140°C
14. Temperature of concrete.
35°C
15. Grout temperature.
23+-3
16. Cementations Grout compressive strength.
5000psi
17. Minimum thickness of vehicles paving concrete slab.
150mm
18. Structural concrete compressive strength.

28 days strength =4000 Psi (28MPA)

19. Size of marl.
Maximum size of marl is 75 mm
20. Precast concrete compressive strength.
5000psi
21. TDS in water for mixing and curing of grout.
500ppm
22. Maximum TDS in water for curing concrete.
1000ppm
23. Min curing for concrete
7days
24. Equipment made of aluminum alloys shall be use in concrete.
No
25. Vibrator shall be used for movement of concrete after placement.
No
26. Re-tempering of concrete after placement is allowed
No
27. Slump cone height
300mm
28. Concrete cylinder size
15cm dia, 30cm height.
29. Using cement 350kg to 370kg to attain how much compressive strength.
4000psi
30. Maximum drop height of concrete.
1m
31. Shoring required for excavation depth exceeding.
1.2m
32. Maximum compaction required for cohesion less material when pressure above to 320kpa.
85%
33) Rsidental group minimum size of bed room door size
1) 1 m 2) .9m *2.1 3) .8m
34) Cantilever slab thickness
1) l/10 2) l/12 3) l/16 4) none
35) cemetric tile joint smoothness tolerance

1) 6mm 2) 9mm 3) 3mm 4) none

36) Minimum spacing of rebar in the slab, bridges

1) Less than 32mm
2) Less than 1 ¼ dia of steel
3) More than 1 1/6 dia the steel
37) Mixing of water in cement according to which standard
ASTM-C-1602
38) Adding the chemical to concrete what happen.
a) Cracks & reducing the slump b) increasing the slump & workability
c) reducing the workability & slump

39) Using the proper vibrator in concrete

a) Increasing slump b) decreasing slump

40) Aluminum parts inside the concrete

a) True b) false
41) End of vibrator as coating bars used in concrete
a) Rubber & non matlic b) plastic c) metal
42) Maximum dropping height of concrete
a) 1 m b) .8m c) .7m

43) Maximum time to reach the concrete at sight

a) 90min b) 80min c) 50min
44) Height of slump cone
a) 30cm b) 20cm c) 10cm
45) Maximum concrete temperature
35
46) Concrete cylinder size
 150 mm *300mm
47) HDG Galvanized inside the concrete is allowed
a) Yes b) no
48) Blow foundation applying
a) Plastic sheet .15mm b) 50mm lean c) both
49) Using cement 350kg to 370kg to attain how much compressive strength.
4000psi
50) Compressive strength of non-shrink cementious grout
5000 psi
51) Exposed below the ground under water foundation which type cement used
Types 5
52) Post tension of steel bars
After concreting
53) Minimum thickness of traffic paving slab
150mm
54) Maximum distance epoxy grout joint
1.4 m
55) MC-1 curing time
24 hour
56) Minimum thickness of anchor bolts using fixing ladder
20mm 18 mm
57) Base plates minimum thickness
10 mm
58) Minimum distance of anchor bolts from edge of concrete
100mm
59) Minimum trench width
Pipe size +400mm
60) Shoring required for excavation depth exceeding.
1.2m
61) Minimum compaction required for general fill of using
MDD+OMC
62) General fill lose thickness
300mm
63) Compaction water TDS
10000 PPM
64) Temperature of sulpher extended asphalt mix shall be between 130 to 140 when it leaves the
plant
65) The temperature of asphalt mix without sulpher shall be between 139 to 163
66) The prime coat shall be apply uniformly to the surface using the pressure distributer at a rate
between 0.65 to 1.75 liter /square materand temperature should be forMC-70 50 to 80 degree
& MC-250 65 TO 105 degree
67) The prime coat shall be permitted to cure until penetration into under laying surface has been
approved by Saudi Aramco representative but no time curing period shall be less than 24 hours.
The prime shall be fully cured and set before placing the mixed asphalt.
68) Core compaction shall be equal to or greater than 96 % of marshal density as per ASTM d-1559
using the material sampling at road site
69) Clean sand or dune sand cover for pipe should be 150 to 300mm
70) Cantilever slab thickness= L/10
71) Standard specification to adding the water in production of hydraulic concrete =ASTM-C-1602
72) Maximum height of dropping concrete is 1 meter.
73) Using the 350kg-370kg cement we can get compressive strength = 4000 psi
74) Exposed below the ground water which one concrete will be used= type v
75) Minimum distance of anchor bolt from the edge of concrete should be 100mm
76) For standard temperature testing maintain the grout mixture and testing equipment at a
temperature 23+-3 (ASTM-C-1107)
77) Maximum TDS for using water of curing should be 1000 ppm
78) Minimum dia of anchor bolts should be 20mm.
79) The material passing through the sieve no. 200 should be 0-20 %
80) PIP-STS-03600 Non shrink cementious grout , PIP-STS-03601 epoxy grout , PIP –STS-05130
Erection of steel structure
81) One way slab
82) Two way salb
 85) What is the brittle material?
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it breaks with little elastic deformation and without
significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high
strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a snapping sound.
examples
Bone, cast iron, ceramic, and concrete are examples of brittle materials. Materials that have relatively large
plastic regions under tensile stress are known as ductile 
86) What is the minimum size & distance of rebar use in building
12 mm 1.2 meters
87) When post tension force is used
After concrete finished
88) Natural pozzlan used up to
Up to 25% for normal concrete and for special strength up to 65 % VCH
89) Calcroius material effect in aggregate
Make voids and lower cement strength
90) If WC less
Increase the strength
91) Slump cone height
300 mm
92) Door height
2.10 heights and .9 breadth
93) 8 inch beam having how many layre of bolts
1
94) Bar bending as per astm
ASTM A1035,A615 and SAES Q-001
95) Sampling fresh concrete
ASTM-C-172
96) If epoxy grout is poured 100mm or more so we have to install the
Reinforcement
97) Expansion joints used for large epoxy grout to reduce the possibility of cracks
1.4 meter and joint width shall be .25 mm
98) Curing and mixing water for grout
500 ppm
99) 2 pips standard
PIP-STS-03600 , PIP-STS-03601 , PIP –STS-05130 , PIP-STS-05121
 100) If sub grade CBR less than 5
Use 200 mm sub base material layer
101) Prime coat curing time
24 hours

102 ) At W/C 0.4 the compressive strength of grout after 28 days?

5000 psi
103) Minimum thickness of Grout
25mm
104) compressive strength of precast concrete
5000 psi
105) marshal density of asphalt
96%
106) Base coarse compaction
98%
107) Asphalt Binder Ratio?
4-7%
108) if sub-grade material have less than 5% CBR the base coarse material how much CBR &
Thickness
200mm & 25
109) tack coat ratio
.25 liter/m2
110) from work tolerance class A
3mm per meter
111) concrete 7 days compressive strength
3500 psi
112) water used for compaction
10000 ppm
113) grout curing TDS
500 ppm
114) concrete curing TDS
1000 ppm
115) sand washing water TDS?
3500 ppm
116) Non shrink cementious grout PIP
PIP – STS – 03600
117) Shoring requires
When excavation is more than 1.2 m
118) 2 way slab
Span should be less tha l/2
119) general fill material in lose depth
300mm
120) clean sand passing through the sieve #200
Less than 10 %
121) if excavation is more than -------------- then we need excavation plan
6m
122) mix design valid for …………………..
2 years
123) coated conduit inside the concrete is allowed
Yes
124 fly ash who much used in concrete
More than 25% by weight of cement
125) cone height of slum
300mm

 For cold weather, when ambient temperature falls below 40°F (4°C), the temperatures of
masonry units shall not be less than 20°F (-7°C) when laid in the masonry. Masonry units
containing frozen moisture, visible ice or snow on their surface shall not be laid.
 (IBC 2009 sec. 2104.3. / ACI 530.1-08 Sec 1.8 C .2 a)
 For hot weather, when the ambient temperature exceeds 100°F (38°C), the temperature of
mortar shall be maintained below 120°F (49°C). Mortar shall not be used within 2 hours of initial
mixing.
(IBC 2009 sec. 2104.4. / ACI 530.1-08 Sec 1.8 D. 1.a)
 When the mean daily temperature exceeds 100°F (38°C), or exceeds 90°F (32°C) with a wind
velocity greater than 8 mph (13 km/h), newly constructed masonry shall be fog sprayed until
damp at least three times a day until the masonry is three days old. (IBC 2009 sec. 2104.4. / ACI
530.1-08 Sec 1.8 D.3)
 The mortar shall be Type S or M Mortar Cement Fine and shall conform to the proportions listed in Table 1 of ASTM C-
270
(IBC 2009 Sec. 2103.8)
 The minimum vertical reinforcement shall be 12mm diameter bars at 1.2 meters spacing. The
minimum horizontal joint reinforcement shall be 2 longitudinal truss bars of 5mm diameter
placed at 400mm centers.
 Vertical bars are placed within 50mm (2") of the required location of the length of wall.
 Tolerances on the placement of reinforcement in walls and flexural elements shall be
±12.7mm(1/2") when the distance from the centerline of reinforcing bars to the opposite face of
masonry,"d", is 203mm (8") or less; Members with "d" between 203mm(8") to 610mm (24")
thick, the tolerance shall be ±25mm (1"); The tolerance shall be 32 mm (1.25") for "d" greater
than 610mm (24 in.).
 Alignments of masonry walls shall be within ± 0.5" (12.7mm) for bearing walls and columns; and
± 0.75" (19.1mm) for non-bearing walls.
 Plumbness of masonry walls shall be ± 0.25"/10' (6.4mm in 3.05m) to ± 0.375/20' (9.5mm in
6.10m) or to a maximum of ± 0.5" (12.7 mm)
 Grout shall be placed within 90 minutes from the introduction of water in the mixture and prior
to initial set. (IBC-2009 Sec 2104 /ACI 530.1-08, Sec. 3.5A)
  The subfloor of control buildings with pedestal floor systems located within 60 m of
hydrocarbon facility shall be at least 0.15 m above the grade level
 The floor surface shall be leveled to within +0.25mm per panel and +1.65mm in 3.0 meters.

 Resilient Vinyl Floor Tile Installation and Final Inspection

 Tolerances on size of tiles shall be 0.4mm per 300mm's length.

 Tiles come in thicknesses of 1.6mm, 2mm, 2.5mm and 3mm with a tolerance of + 0.13mm.

 The out of squareness of any tile shall not exceed 0.25mm's on any side relative to the others.

Glass & Glazing Installation & Final Inspection

 Where interior glazing is installed adjacent to a walking surface, the differential deflection of two adjacent unsupported
edges shall not be greater than the thickness of the panels when a force of 50 pounds per linear foot (plf) (730N/m) is
applied horizontally to one panel at any point up to 42 inches (1067mm) above the walking surface. (2009 IBC Sec.
2403.4)
 Skylights set at an angle of less than 45 (0.79 rad) degrees from the horizontal plane shall be mounted at least 4 inches
(102mm) above the plane of the roof on a curb constructed as required for the frame. (2009 IBC Sec. 2405.4)

 Metal Doors and Windows

 The residential-type window frame and ventilator sections shall be a minimum depth of 25.4 mm. with integrally rolled
weathering contacts. (NFPA 80, Sec. 17.3.3.3)
 The industrial-type window frame and ventilator sections shall be a minimum depth of 32 mm. with applied weathering
contacts. (NFPA 80, Sec. 17.3.3.4)
 The heavy intermediate and industrial types shall be used for openings not exceeding 7.8 m2, with neither dimesion
exceeding 3.66 m. Where multiple units are installed, the distance between unprotected vertical steel mullions shall not
exceed 2.13 m (NFPA 80, Sec. 17.3.3.5.1.1 and 17.3.3.5.1.2)
 The standard intermediate types shall be used for openings not exceeding 5.57 m2, with neither dimensions exceeding
3.05 m. Where multiple units are installed, the distance between unprotected vertical steel mullions shall not exceed 1.98
m. (NFPA 80, Sec. 17.3.3.5.2.1 and 17.3.3.5.2.2)
 Residential-type windows shall be used for openings not exceeding 1.98 for either dimension. Where multiple units are
installed, the distance between unprotected vertical steel mullions shall not exceed 1.07 m. (NFPA 80, Sec. 17.3.3.5.3.1
and 17.3.3.5.3.2)
 Maximum size openings for hollow metal plate steel windows shall be as follows:
1. Single window: 1.52 x 1.52 m.
2. Multiple window: 2.13 x 3.05 m.
(NFPA 80, Sec. 17.3.4)
 Access doors for Telecommunications Entrance Facility or space measures a minimum of 910 mm wide and 2000 mm
high, and fitted with a combination lock. The door should open outward.

Ceramic Wall and Floor Tiles

 Maximum variation from required plane surfaces shall be 6mm in 3m for subfloors, wall and ceiling surfaces. (ANSI
A108.1A-3.1.4.1 & 2)
 Cover surfaces with tile adhesive uniformly without bare spots, with sufficient adhesive to insure a minimum wet film
thickness of 1/32 inch between tile and backing. (ANSI A108.1A-4.2.1.3.1).


 All gusset and stiffener plates shall be 3/8 inch (10 mm) minimum thickness. For minor
structures such as platforms and miscellaneous structures, 1/4 inch (6 mm) thick gusset and
stiffener plates may be used. The minimum thickness for connection plates in electrical
transmission towers or communication towers shall be 1/4 inch (6 mm).
  The variation in dimensions between the centers of any two anchor bolts within an anchor bolt group shall be equal to or
less than 1/8" (3mm). (AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges, Para. 7.5.1a and PIP
STS05130, Para. 6.2.1)

 The variation in elevation of the tops of anchor rods shall be equal to or less than plus or minus 1/2" (13mm). (AISC Code
of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges, Para. 7.5.1c and PIP STS05130, Para. 6.2.1)
 The variation in dimension between the centers of adjacent bolt groups shall be equal to or less than 6mm (1/4"). (AISC
Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges 303, Para. 7.5.1b and PIP STS05130, Para. 6.2.1)

 The accumulated variation in dimension between centers of anchor bolt groups along the
established column line through multiple anchor bolt groups shall be equal to or less than 2mm
per 10,000 mm (1/4 in. per 100 ft.), but not to exceed a total of 25 mm (1"). (AISC Code of
Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges 303, Sec. 7.5.1d and PIP STS05130, Para. 6.2.1)

 The variation in dimension from the center of any anchor bolt group to the established column line through that group shall
be equal to or less than 6mm (1/4" ). (AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges 303, Para. 7.5.1e
and PIP STS05130, Para. 6.2.1).

 Minimum clear distance from anchor bolts or anchor bolt sleeves to edge of concrete shall be 100 mm. Additionally, the
minimum edge distance for design purposes measured from the centerline of the anchor bolt to the edge of the concrete
shall be as specified on Mandatory Standard Drawing AA-036322-001. Metallic anchor bolt sleeves are not permitted.
 The top of concrete foundation shall be a minimum of 150 mm above finished grade.
(Exception: This requirement is not applicable to instrument stand pipes or pedestals inside of buildings that are not
subjected to washdown water.)

 All column base plates have a minimum of four anchor bolts per IFC Drawings. (NOTE: This excludes posts, which weigh
less than 300 pounds/136 kg.)

 The selection and specification of non-shrink cement based grout for foundations shall comply with SAES-Q-010. The
minimum thickness of grout shall be 25 mm measured from top of concrete foundation to bottom of steel base plate.

Waterproofing Surface Preparation, Waterproofing Layer Installation Inspection

 Inverted, loose laid, ballasted single ply roofs; fully adhered single ply membrane roofs and loose laid, ballasted single ply
roof systems shall have a slope of less than ½ inch (13mm) vertical to 12 inches (305 mm) horizontal.
 Installation of fully adhered EPDM sheets over the entire area shall have a minimum thickness of 1.52mm (0.060") thk.
 Installation of fully adhered Modified Bitumen Membrane over the entire area shall have a minimum thickness of 5 mm
(0.02") thk.
Installation of fully adhered TPO (Thermoplastic PolyOlefin) or PVC
(PolyVinyl Chloride) membrane over the entire area shall have a
minimum thickness of 1. 52 mm thk.

If PVC and TPO membrane is exposed, thickness shall be 2.0 mm

& UV resistant.

Ballasted roofs shall have a minimum of 19 mm (¾") washed gravel

placed to a minimum thickness of 50 mm (2").

All completed flat roofs shall be subjected to a flood test for a

period of no less than 24 hours. Roof flood tests shall be carried
out in a manner acceptable to the Company Representative and
the Saudi Aramco Inspection Department Representative (or as per
SATR M-1014).

Ballasted roofs shall have a minimum of 19mm (3/4")washed gravel

placed to a minimum thickness of 50mm (2").
Scuppers shall not have an opening dimension of less than 4
inches.

124) Cement used in hollow block

125) Young modlus definition.
126) Floor tile straight edge tolerance.
127) Spalling in concrete
128) Chemical effect on concrete.
129) 16mm hock dia
130) Cold joint definition
131) Crack in concrete definition
132) Maximum concrete contect in structural concrete
133) Which type of vibrator used in concrete
134) Minimum size of anchor bolts
135) End of concrete edge from anchor bolt
136) Base and sub base material compaction ( answer in CBT was as per old standard)
137) For relative density which values required?
138) Aluminum parts allow in concrete or no
139) Base material compaction (only question for )
140) Size of slump cone
141) Fill material thickness
142) General fill material thickness in loose material
143) Which SEAS we use for sudia Aramco
144) TDS for compaction water
145) Rows of bolt in 8 inch beam
146) CMU curing time?
147) 7 days epoxy Grout strength
148) Non shrink cementious grout strength
149) Minimum spacing in rebar
150) Stiffner plate thickness
151) Minimum slab thickness