Bitmap Images
● Made up of rows of lots of tiny dots called pixels
● Digital photos and scanned images are usually saved as bitmaps
● saved in .jpg format
● Each pixel is stored as a number
○ the number represents it's number
● Pixels and Binary
○ Black and white images (monochrome)
◆ 0 = black
◆ 1 = white
◆ each pixel only needs one bit
◆ 1-bit -> can only have 2 colors (any two colors)
○ 2-bits per pixel
◆ Can have 4 colors (01,10,11,00)
○ 3-bits
◆ 8 colors (000,0001,010,011,100,101,111,110)
● Color depth/ bit depth
○ Number of bits used to represent the color of a pixel
● Full color = 24 bits (eg. 001010001111000011110000)
○ 16,777,216 different colors
○ Three 8-bit numbers
○ 00101000 11110000 11110000
40 240 240
28 F0 F0
----> brown
● 11111111 11111111 11111111 -> white
● 00000000 00000000 00000000 -> black
● 11001111 11001111 11001111 -> grey
● Red Green Blue (primary colors)
○ Each represent the amount of red green blue in the overall color of
pixel
● File size
○ Space it takes up in the computer
○ Usually stated in bytes
○ More pixels = (more dots to store colors) more data = bigger file
size
○ Depends on resolution of picture (number of pixels per square
inch)
○ The higher the resolution -> the larger the file size
○ Pixels per inch (ppi)
● More bits per pixel = More colors available = More realistic color
reproduction = Bigger file size
Meta data
● Extra information in a file other than pixel data
. The dimensions of the file (height, width) in pixels
. The color depth (bit depth), eg. 24-bit
. The resolution in ppi, pixels per inch (dpi, dots per inch)
. The time and date the image was created
Also may include
. The make and model of camera used to take the image
. The camera settings used when taking the image
. The GPS location the image was taken at
