Quarter 1 – Module 1: Introduction to Research

Grade 10 Research 1: Learning Activity Sheets #1

Name: _________________________________________ Date: _________

Research Teacher: CAMILLE ROSE M. TACAZON Grade & Section: ________

Key Concepts:

Introduction to Research
From the root word “search and the prefix “re,” research can be defined as a repetitive search for something previously
unknown. It is a never-ending attempt to discover the truth.
Research involves a purposive, organized, and planned program of activities that result in the acquisition of new
knowledge. It is similar to studying except that in this endeavor you will have to do the actual research to find the answers to your
problems. Research activity leads you to a better understanding of yourself and your environment.

Basic Process Skills

During a physical science course, you often carry out some short lab activities as well as more detailed experiments. Here
are some skills that you will use as you work.

Observing is using one or more of the five senses to gather information. Many observations involve the senses of sight, hearing,
touch, and smell.
Inferring is interpreting an observation or statement based on prior knowledge. An inference is an act of reasoning, not a fact. That
means an inference may be logical but not true.
Predicting is an inference about a future event based on evidence, experiences, or knowledge. It plays a major role in science
because they offer scientist a way to test ideas.
Measuring is comparing an object or process to a standard. Scientists use a common set of standards called the System of Units,
abbreviated as SI(for its French name, Systeme International d’Unites).
Calculating is a process in which persons uses mathematical operations to manipulate numbers and symbols.
Classifying is grouping of items according to some organizing idea or system.
Using Tables and Graphs. Scientist analyze and interpret data tables and graphs to determine the relationship of one variable to
another and to make predictions based on the data.
Using Models. A model is a mental or physical representation of an object, process, or event. In Science, models are usually made
to help people understand natural objects and the processes that affects these objects.

Scientific Research
It is defined as a systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the
presumed relations among observed phenomena.
Aims of Research
1. Generating new knowledge or information.
2. Finding an application for the new knowledge.
3. Verifying existing knowledge.
4. Developing the investigator

Types of Research
The types of research are determined by the aims of the researcher. When the research is conducted solely to come up
with new knowledge or to have a fuller understanding of a particular subject for its own sake, then it is classified as basic research.
However, if the research is done to find an application of the knowledge whether new or old, it is classified as applied research.

Another basis for classifying research is the condition under which the study is done. There are two types under this
category, namely: descriptive and experimental. In a descriptive type of research, you should observe and record the changes as
they happen in nature. You cannot manipulate the changes. If you put in factors that interfere with what nature provides, then the
research becomes experimental.

Sources of Research Topics

People, places, and objects around you are possible sources of your research. The communities where you live are also
rich sources of research topics. You can determine the resources they have as well as their needs. Whenever or wherever there is
a gap between needs and resources, a potential problem or topic of study arises. Often, you may not be able to note a gap. It
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Quarter 1 – Module 1: Introduction to Research
Grade 10 Research 1: Learning Activity Sheets #1

would be helpful to talk to scientists, researchers or teachers by visiting them in their places of work, If this is not possible, you can
write to them or read their published articles in the scientific literature. You can also surf the internet for potential research
problems.

CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A RESEARCH PROBLEM

Is the problem interesting?
Will the research contribute to the solution of socio-economically important problems?
Will the research generate new information?
Is the research novel?
Do I have the skills or knowledge necessary to conduct the research or can I learn them within the time I have?
Is the Research Attainable in terms of:
Time required to finish the research?
Expense involved in conducting the research?
Availability of materials for experimentation?
Accessibility of materials for experimentation?
Risks and hazards involved in conducting the experiment?
Is the research reproductible?

Activity 1: Directions: In doing Scientific research, sometimes you imitate the works of a Scientists. Try to test yourself
and determine which of the following characteristics of a scientist is exemplified in the given situations.
Direction: Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
A. Aptitude for serendipity D. healthy skepticism
B. Curiosity E. Honesty
C. Good ethics F. Perseverance
1. Rodrigo, a grade 9 student closely observes how a spider spins its web.
2. In a TV commercial for disposable diapers, the baby Fixes a leaking hose by wrapping his disposable diaper around the
hose.
3. A student of science saw a TV commercial about the detergent that clean better than their household detergent. The
student performed the same experiment to verify the claims advertised.
4. J. Robert Oppenheimer, one of the leading atomic scientists of the world, strongly opposed the development of
hydrogen bomb on morale, technological, economic, and political grounds, and persuaded other outstanding scientists not to work
on it.
5. Stephen Hawking, A British theoretical physicist, known for his research on black hole in advanced cosmology, has
been suffering from Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Although he can no longer speak and
barely move, his mind remains unaffected. He continues to explain theoretical physics to the public through films, books, and
lectures.
6. British ethologist Jane Goodall is an expert on chimpanzees, discovering through the years such behavior patterns like
their ability to use dross for extracting termites from nests.
7. In 1865, the German chemist Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz dreamt of a snake that ran in circles trying to
catch Its tail. With this, he was able to propose the molecular structure of benzene.
8. Scientist was asked by his employer from a tobacco manufacturing firm to produce fraudulent data that would dispel
claims of cancer related cigarette smoking. The scientist refused and lost his job.
9. One winter night in 1839, Charles Goodyear accidentally dropped a piece of rubber sprinkled with sulfur onto a red-hot
stove. Instead of melting, the rubber flattened out into a small desk with desirable rubber properties. Goodyear had accidentally
invented vulcanization.
10. Rita levy Montalcini was a Jewish Italian American neurobiologist. During World War 2, juice had to go in hiding
including Rita, but she continued to conduct experiments on chicken embryos in a homemade laboratory all throughout the war.
Her work led to discoveries on Alzheimer's disease.

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Quarter 1 – Module 1: Introduction to Research
Grade 10 Research 1: Learning Activity Sheets #1

Activity 2:

Assessment
Directions: Based on the criteria for selecting a research problem, which of the following topics is/are workable
to be undertaken by a student researcher? Write YAHOO for workable topics and YEHEY for
not workable topics by a student researcher.
___________1. Absence of an irrigation system in a farm.
___________2. Lack of farm to market roads in a farming community.
___________3. Proliferation of janitor fish in a farming community.
___________4. Decrease of farmers in our community.
___________5. High costs of alcohols and surgical masks.
___________6. Abundance of water lily in a river.
___________7. Old folks using a certain herb to cure almost all ailments.
___________8. Burning of farm wastes like straws
___________9. Fish dried under the sun are exposed to flies and other insects.
___________10. Lack of health practitioners in the hospital.
Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if not.
____1. The starting of point in any research project is to look for a research problem.
____2. The researcher’s own experiences may affect his choice of research.
____3. Theories of other researchers are particularly good source of research questions.
____4. Successful research often raises new questions, even while it answers old questions.
____5. Research designed to find solutions to practical problems is referred to as applied research.
____6. Research is single stage process and will involve forward planning.
____7. Research is collecting facts or information with a clear purpose.
____8. You will probably revisit each stage of the research process more than once.
____9. Applied research is better than basic research.
____10. Research is something that people undertake to find out things in a chaotic way, thereby decreasing their
knowledge.