NAME:__JONABEL M.
MACAY____________ DATE:__12/11/20_________
COURSE & YEAR: _BSN 1-E_____ SCHEDULE: _7AM-1PM___
ACTIVITY 5
Lipids
Introduction
Lipids are a class of macromolecules that are nonpolar and hydrophobic in
nature. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids. Fats are a
stored form of energy and are also known as triacylglycerols or triglycerides. Fats are
made up of fatty acids and either glycerol or sphingosine. Fatty acids may be
unsaturated or saturated, depending on the presence or absence of double bonds in the
hydrocarbon chain. If only single bonds are present, they are known as saturated fatty
acids. Unsaturated fatty acids may have one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon
chain. Phospholipids make up the matrix of membranes. They have a glycerol or
sphingosine backbone to which two fatty acid chains and a phosphate-containing group
are attached. Steroids are another class of lipids. Their basic structure has four fused
carbon rings. Cholesterol is a type of steroid and is an important constituent of the
plasma membrane, where it helps to maintain the fluid nature of the membrane. It is
also the precursor of steroid hormones such as testosterone.
Objectives
• To study the properties of fatty acids and lipids.
• To determine the identity of an unknown lipids by carrying out a series of chemical
reactions
Procedure
Your Biochemistry laboratory instructor will show you the different apparatuses
and reagents that are used in the qualitative tests for lipids. He/she will demonstrate
and discuss the proper use of each apparatus and the steps you have to strictly follow.
Qualitative Test for Lipids: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NmphJwjowrQ
After the demonstration/discussion, you will be asked to draw or answer an
individual report and group report. Please be attentive and follow the instructions.
Solubility Test
Solubility test is the preliminary test which detects the presence of all lipids. This
test detects the solubility of lipid in various solvents to check whether it is miscible or
immiscible in polar or non-polar solvents.
Translucent Spot Test
A translucent spot test is also a preliminary test for the lipids which can be
detected by the appearance of a translucent and greasy spot.
Acrolein Test
Acrolein test is used to detect the presence of glycerol and fat.
Hubl’s Test
Huble's test is used to test the presence of unsaturation in fats and oils.
Materials
Samples: Clarified Butter, Vegetable Oil, Refined-oil (linseed and cotton oil)
Reagents: Water, Alcohol (ethanol), Chlorofom, KHSO4, Hubl’s reagent.
Apparatus: Test tubes, Dropper, Filter paper, Bunsen Burner
FOR INDIVIDUAL REPORT:
For your individual report, watch the video for qualitative test for Lipids. You
should come up with your own description on each test and for each protein solutions.
Results of the reaction of the different protein solutions are shown after each test,
screen shot each results and put the pictures on the box that is provided on the right
side of the tabulation.
Qualitative Test for Lipids: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NmphJwjowrQ
Solubility Test (Water) Description Pictures
Clarified Butter Grey at the bottom and
yellow at top
Solubility Test (Water) Description Pictures
Vegetable Oil It’s the same as the
Clarified Buffer
Solubility Test (Water) Description Pictures
Linseed Oil It’s the same as with
Clarified Buffer and
Vegetable Oil
Solubility Test (Ethanol) Description Pictures
Clarified Butter Grey at the bottom and
white top
Solubility Test (Ethanol) Description Pictures
Vegetable Oil Grey at the bottom and
white at the top
Solubility Test (Ethanol) Description Pictures
Linseed Oil Grey at the bottom and
white at the top
Solubility Test (Chloroform) Description Pictures
Clarified Butter Same as solubility test
(ethanol)
Vegetable Oil Same as solubility test
(ethanol)
Solubility Test (Chloroform) Description Pictures
Linseed Oil Same as solubility test
(ethanol)
Translucent Spot Test Description Pictures
Clarified Butter It is just a Simple
Green
Translucent Spot Test Description Pictures
Vegetable Oil It’s the same as the
Clarified Buffer
Linseed Oil It’s the same as with
Clarified Buffer and
Vegetable Oil
Translucent Spot Test Description Pictures
Acrolein Test Description Pictures
Clarified Butter No Color Change
Acrolein Test Description Pictures
Vegetable Oil No Color Change
Acrolein Test Description Pictures
Linseed Oil No Color Change
Hubl’s Test Description Pictures
Cotton Oil It’s just a Simple
Violet
Hubl’s Test Description Pictures
Linseed Oil It’s just a Simple
Gray
