SCIENCE
FIRST QUARTER
Module 3
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geology/
Most Essential Learning Competency:
Describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes,
earthquake epicenter, and major mountain belts to Plate
Tectonics Theory . (S10ES-Ia-j.36.1)
To the Learners
This module is intended for Grade 10 students. Read and follow instructions
below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this module. Avoid disturbance for you to
be able to focus on the activities. Enjoy and have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the instructions given on every page of this module.
2. Take down notes and record necessary details. It will help you
remember the concepts learned.
3. Perform all the activities and ask for supervision of your parent while
doing the activity.
4. Answer the post test to determine what you have learned.
Expectations
In this module, you will describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes,
earthquake epicenter, and major mountain belts to Plate Tectonics Theory. Specifically,
this module will help you to:
1. describe the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters and
major mountain belts and infer the relationship of tectonic plates, earthquake
epicenters and active volcanoes;
2. relate the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major
mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory; and
3. present a schematic plan for community on how to mitigate or reduce the
effects of disaster-related events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and
volcanic eruptions.
Pre-Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on your
answer sheet.
1. Which is true about plate tectonics theory?
A. lithospheric plates move
B. oceanic crust "slides over" continental crust
C. continental crust "plows through" oceanic crust
D. tectonic forces cause the most damage in the center of the plates
2. In what place do tectonic plates interact?
A. centers B. regions C. reversals D. boundaries
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3. Which is NOT the main principle of plate tectonics?
A. Plate movements cause continents to drift
B. Tectonic plates move relative to one another
C. Movement of tectonic plates can be prevented.
D. Interactions of plate tectonics cause earthquake, volcanoes and mountain
belts.
4. Which action is taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property
from hazardous events?
A. briefing B. planning C. education D. hazard mitigation
5. What does earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building have in common?
A. They are measured by seismographs C. They occur impulsively
B. They are result of plate movements D.They caused disasters
Looking Back
Directions: Number the following phrases according to the correct sequence to reveal
the sentence that gives an idea on earthquake epicenter. Write your answer on the
answer sheet.
is used to determine the
_____________
_____________ earthquake epicenter using a
_____________ three seismic station.
_____________ Triangulation Method
distance information from
_____________
Brief Introduction
Have you ever wondered how volcanoes, earthquake epicenters and mountain
belts are being distributed in a certain place? The world is blessed with lots of beautiful
scenery coming from natural existing volcanoes, mountains and other related products
of nature that are really amazing. For example, in our country, we are blessed with so
many land features such as Mayon and Taal volcanoes. But was there a time you get
curious about how these volcanoes and mountains existed and distributed in every
place it is located? This is because of the result when the boundaries, push further
away (divergent), move closer together (convergent), and slide against each other
(transform fault), thus creating either mountains, volcanoes, or earthquakes.
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The volcanoes, earthquake’s epicenter, and major mountain belts are distributed
in close proximity of the borders of the tectonic plates. Once tectonic plates moved in
any possible motion, it could create changes leading to geologic features and events.
Most of the active volcanoes nowadays are found in the so called ''Ring of Fire''
which is practically the border of the Pacific Tectonic Plate.
The earthquake epicenters are not found only in a specific place, but they are
found everywhere where there's a border between two or more tectonic plates. It
doesn't matter if they collide, move away from each other, or subduct, the earthquakes
will be there.
The major mountain belts are found in places where tectonic plates of the same
density collide, so instead some of them go and be subducted, they push against each
other and lift the area up.
The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth’s solid outer crust, the
lithosphere, is separated into plates that move over the asthenosphere, the molten
upper portion of the mantle. Oceanic and continental plates come together, spread
apart, and interact at boundaries all over the planet.
Activity 1
Know your Boundaries
Objective: Describe the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters and
major mountain belts and infer the relationship of tectonic plates, earthquake epicenters
and active volcanoes
A. Directions: Study the map and answer the questions given below. Write
your answer on the answer sheet.
Figure 1. Map of Active Volcanoes and Earthquake distribution
https://www4.ess.ac.th/media/science/Lo/Offline_I/LOCanada4/402/html/6_2en.htm
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Critical Thinking Questions:
1. How are earthquakes distributed as shown on the map?
2. Where are the earthquakes located on the map?
3. What plate does not have earthquakes?
4. How are volcanoes distributed on the map?
5. Where are the volcanoes located on the map?
6. Describe how the active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters and mountain belts
are being distributed in the Earth’s lithosphere.
B. Directions: Study the map and answer the questions given below. Write the
answer on your answer sheet.
Figure 2. Map of Mountain Ranges of the World
https://www.civilsdaily.com/prelims-spotlight-mountain-ranges-in-the-world/
Critical Thinking Questions:
1. How will you relate the distribution of mountain ranges in Figure 2 with the
distribution of earthquake epicenters and volcanoes?
2. Now that you have seen the location of the volcanoes, mountain ranges, and
majority of earthquake epicenters, what do you think is the basis of scientists in
dividing Earth’s lithosphere into several plates?
3. What do you think earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building have in
common?
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Activity 2
Are you Safe or Not?
Objective: Present a schematic plan for community on how to mitigate or
reduce the effects of disaster-related events such as earthquakes,
tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
Directions: Make a schematic plan for the community on how to mitigate or reduce the
effects of disaster-related event. Choose one from volcanic eruption, earthquake, and
tsunamis. You can research or interview any person who you think could help and give
you an information in doing the schematic plan. Take down notes of the information
given by those people you have interviewed.
Rubric for a schematic plan for the community on how to mitigate or reduce the effects of
disaster-related events chosen by the student such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and
volcanic eruptions.
4 pts. 3 pts. 2 pts 1 pt.
Informative Have given very Have given Have given Information
schematic satisfactory satisfactory little given is
Plan information in information information irrelevant
the plan are
correct and
relevant
Quality of Quality of work Quality of work Quality of work Quality of
work frequently met our sometimes work often
exceeded our expectations failed to meet failed to meet
expectations our our
expectations expectations
Grammar 1 or no errors in There a 2 or 3 There are 4 There are
and grammar and errors in errors in more than 4
spelling spelling. grammar and grammar and errors in
spelling spelling. grammar and
spelling.
TOTAL
SCORE
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Remember
Plate Tectonics – A theory which suggests that Earth’s crust is made of plates
that interact in various ways, thus producing earthquakes, mountains, volcanoes,
and other geologic features.
Plate Boundaries are found at the edge of the lithospheric plates.
Earthquake – vibration of Earth due to the rapid release of energy.
Earthquake Epicenter is the point on the surface of the earth directly above the
focus of an earthquake.
Volcano – a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through
which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted
from the earth's crust.
A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with
similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arisen from the same cause,
usually an orogeny.
Mountain range refers to mountains formed in the same age and with the same
process arranged in narrow and long belt.
Hazard Mitigation is defined as any sustained action taken to reduce or
eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from hazard events. It is an on-
going process that occurs before, during, and after disasters and serves to break
the cycle of damage and repair in hazardous areas.
Check Your Understanding
Directions: Write True if the statement is correct; False if it is not. Write the answer on
your answer sheet.
_____1. The distribution of the volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major mountain
belts are distributed in close along the borders of the tectonic plates.
_____2. The theory of plate tectonics states that since from the very start, plates are
already separated and has volcanoes and mountain ranges on it even without plate
motion.
_____3. Earthquake epicenters are found everywhere where there is a border between
two or more tectonic plates.
_____4. Educating the community on what to do before, during, and after a disaster will
help to mitigate its effect in some hazardous areas.
_____5. Volcanoes and earthquake epicenters are located far from plate boundaries.
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Post-Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in your
answer sheet.
1. Which of the following explains how the theory of plate tectonics could help us
in terms of our safety?
A. helps explain why we have mountain ranges
B. helps explain the presence of coal in non tropical regions
C. helps locate areas that have higher potential for earthquakes
D. helps scientists to have better understanding on fossil distribution
2. Which action is taken to reduce the long-term risk to property and life from
hazardous events?
A. briefing B. education C. mitigation D. planning
3.All are factors that affect how much damage could result from an earthquake
EXCEPT?
A. The distance from the hot spot.
B. The strength of an earthquake.
C. The distance from the epeicenter.
D. The make up of the Earth’s surface in the quake zone.
4. Why do most earthquake take place at tectonic plate boundaries?
A. Earthquake takes place only when one plate moves over another plate
B. Earthquake can only occur at places where magma can reach the surface
C. The rock in the interior of the tectonic plate is stronger, so it does not deform
D. Earthquake takes place where the motion of tectonic plates transfers energy
to rock
5. What causes tsunami?
A. an earthquake beneath the ocean
B. a typhoon moving towards the ocean
C. the impact of large meteorite in the ocean
D. a sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water
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Reflection
Directions: Write a sentence in the circle of what you have learned from this module
with regards to the following words given below. Write your answer on the answer sheet.
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SCIENCE 10-ANSWER SHEET
Quarter 1: Module 3
Name: __________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________ Teacher: _______________
Learning Competency: Describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenter, and
major mountain belts to Plate Tectonics Theory . (S10ES-Ia-j.36.1)
Pretest
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
Looking Back
is used to determine the
earthquake epicenter using a
three seismic station.
Triangulation Method
distance information from
Activity 1- Know your Boundaries
A.
1. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
B.
1. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Activity 2- Are you Safe or Not? Use another sheet of paper in making of a your
schematic plan for community on how to mitigate or reduce the effects of
disaster-related events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
Check Your Understanding
1. _________ 2. __________ 3. ___________ 4. _________ 5. ___________
Post-test
1. _________ 2. __________ 3. ___________ 4. __________ 5. __________
Reflection- Use the available space for your andwer in Reflection.
