Name
: Ai Cheng Subject : Olympiad - Earth Science
Grade Year : Form 5 Title : Malaysian Earth Science Olympiad - Set 3
1) The last minerals to crystallize on Bowen’s reaction series result in igenous rocks with a composition.
(A) Intermediate
(B) Mafic
(C) Ultramafic
(D) Felsic
(E) None of the above are correct
2) Which type of basaltic lava flow has a fairly smooth and unfragmented surface?
(A) Aa
(B) Pegmatitic
(C) Pahoehoe
(D) Scoria
(E) Pyroclastic
3) Which of the following types of slope failure is the fastest?
(A) Soil creep
(B) Rock slide
(C) Debris slide
(D) Mud slide
(E) Rock fall
4) Amphibolite is a foliated metamorphic rock composed principally of hornblende and plagioclase.
How does it form?
(A) By contact metamorphism of quartzose sandstone cut by a granitic batholith
(B) By regional metamorphism of volcanic rocks such as andesite and basalt
(C) By gouging and crushing of limestone along a fault
(D) By the impact of an asteroid on interbedded sandstone and shale
(E) By collision of the limestone with the volcanic rocks
5) What is the name of the fossil as shown below?
(A) Gastropod
(B) Ammonite
(C) Belemnite
(D) Crinoid
(E) Gastrolith
6) What major change occurs during metamorphism of limestone to marble?
(A) Calcite grains grow larger and increase in size
(B) Clays crystallize to micas, forming a highly foliated, mica-rich rock
(C) Limestone grains react to form quartz and feldspars
(D) Calcite grains are dissolved away leaving only marble crystals
(E) Clays break apart due to high temperature and dissolved away
7) Which of the following best describes an aphanitic texture?
(A) The mineral grains have glassy textures
(B) The rock consists of broken, volcanic-rock and mineral fragments
(C) The rock is crystalline; mineral grains are of distinctly different sizes
(D) The rock is crystalline; mineral grains are too small to be visible without a magnifying lens or microscope
(E) The mineral grains can be seen in bright colour
8) A significant change in land-plant communities occurred in the Cretaceous with the evolution of
(A) Gymnosperms
(B) Mosses and liverworts
(C) Sperms
(D) Ferns
(E) Angiosperms
9) What kind of volcanic material is erupted at the mid-ocean ridge?
(A) Pillow lavas
(B) Welded tuff
(C) Andesite lava domes
(D) Carbonatite lava
(E) Basalt
10) The Himalayan Range formed as a result of
(A) Oceanic-oceanic plate collision
(B) Continent-continent transform faulting
(C) Continent-continent plate collision
(D) Continent-ocean subduction
(E) Oceanic-continent plate collision
11) has the same mineral composition as andesite.
(A) Basalt
(B) Granite
(C) Gabbro
(D) Diorite
(E) Calcite
12) Which of the following most likely causes a supercontinent to break apart?
(A) Collision of the supercontinent with anothercontinent causes the former to split apart
(B) Supercontinent prevents heat in the underlying mantle from escaping, thus generating upwelling mantle plumes that break the
supercontinent apart
(C) Supercontinent is split apart due to impactby a large asteroid
(D) Subduction zones form within the supercontinent and generate volcanoes that blow the supercontinent apart
(E) Mantle beneath the supercontinent cools and sinks, pulling parts of the supercontinent down with it
13) The Bentong-Raub suture in central Malay Peninsula represents the main ocean basin.
.
(A) Neno-Tethys
(B) Palaeo-Tethys
(C) Meso-Tethys
(D) Ceno-Tethys
(E) Neo-Tethys
14) The collision between Sibumasu and Sukhothai arc for the formation of Peninsular Malaya began in (i) and was completed
during (ii) .
(i) (ii)
A Early Devonian Late Permian
B Late Permian Early Jurassic
C Early Triassic Late Triassic
D Early Cretaceous Late Cretaceous
E Late Silurian Early Permian
15) Which of the following would exhibit sheared and mechanically fragmented rocks?
(A) Fault movement at shallow depths
(B) Heating of shale and mudstone near an igneous intrusion
(C) Hydrothermal metamorphism at mid-ocean ridge
(D) Burial metamorphism of volcanic rocks
(E) None of the above are correct
16) Earthquakes are caused due to sudden displacement along a fault zone, releasing energy.
In the diagram below, which is the most stressed block?
(A) 1&3
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 1&2
(E) 2&3
17) Ozone in earth’s stratosphere filters out most dangerous ultraviolet radiation from light, protecting life on the surface from radiation
damage.
Ozone in the stratosphere is mostly formed by which process?
(A) Photochemical reactions producing ozone from methane
(B) Volcanic eruptions
(C) Photochemical reactions producing ozone from chlorofluorocarbons
(D) Photochemical reactions producing ozone from nitrogen
(E) Photochemical reactions producing ozone from oxygen
18) What is the epicenter of an earthquake?
(A) A point of origin of the earthquake inside the earth
(B) A point on the fault on which the earthquake occurs
(C) A point where the origin of the earthquake is recorded
(D) A point of the seismometer that recorded the earthquake
(E) A point on the surface of the earth
19) Which is the shear wave in the figure?
(A) X
(B) Y
(C) Z
(D) X&Y
(E) Y&Z
20) Which law defines the relationship between stress and strain?
(A) Boyle s law
(B) Snell s law
(C) Hooke s law
(D) Newton s law
(E) Hubble s law
21) waves cannot travel through fluids.
(A) Primary (P)
(B) Secondary (S)
(C) Primary (P) & Secondary (S)
(D) Sound
(E) All of the above are correct
22) Intense structural deformation of the earth’s crust associated with plate tectonics is referred to as
(A) Continental drift
(B) Folding
(C) Faulting
(D) Orogeny
(E) Subduction
23) What are the major causes of a tsunami?
(A) Underwater earthquakes
(B) Underwater landslides
(C) Volcanic eruptions
(D) Meteorites and asteroids
(E) All of the above are correct
24) Wind is
(A) Air moving to equalise variations in atmospheric pressure from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure
(B) Air moving to equalise variations in atmospheric pressure from regions of high elevation to regions of low elevation
(C) Air moving to equalise variations in atmospheric pressure from regions of low elevation to regions of high elevation
(D) Air moving to equalise variations in atmospheric temperature from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure
(E) Air moving to equalise variations in atmospheric pressure from regions of low pressure to regions of high pressure
25) is the shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the influence of gravity alone.
(A) Geoid
(B) Reference ellipsoid
(C) Geode
(D) Spheroid
(E) Scallop
