PRODUCTION CALCULATIONS & COUNT SYSTEM
CONSTANTS AND CALCULATIONS
FIBRE FINENESS, YARN COUNTS AND CONVERSIONS: Micronaire value(cotton) : The unit is micrograms per inch. The average weight of one inch length of fibre, expressed in micrograms(0.000001 gram). Denier(man-made fibres): Weight in grams per 9000 meters of fibre. Micron:(wool): Fineness is expressed as fibre diameter in microns(0.001mm) Conversions:
Denier = 0.354 x Micronaire value Micronaire value = 2.824 x Denier YARN COUNTS: It is broadly classified into 1. DIRECT and 2.INDIRECT system. DIRECT SYSTEM:
English count (Ne) French count(Nf) Metric count(Nm) Worsted count
Metric system: Metric count(Nm) indicates the number of 1 kilometer(1000 meter) lengths per Kg. Nm = length in Km / weight in kg (or) Nm = length meter / weight in grams INDIRECT SYSTEM: Tex count Denier CONVERSION TABLE FOR YARN COUNTS:
tex tex Ne den Nm grains/yd 590.54/tex tex x 9 1000/tex tex / 70.86
Ne
den den/9 5314.9/den 9000/den den / 637.7
Nm 1000/Nm Nm x .5905 9000/Nm 14.1/Nm
grains/yd gr.yd x 70.86 8.33 / gr/yd gr/yd x 637.7 14.1 / gr/yd
Where, Nm - metric count, Nec - cottoncount CONVERSION TABLE FOR WEIGHTS:
ounce ounce grains grams kilograms pounds 0.03527 ounces 0.03527 grains grains 437.5 grains grams kilograms 28.350 grams 0.0648 grams 15.432 grains 0.001 kgs 2.2046 pounds pounds
35.274 ounces 15432 grains 1000 grams 16.0 ounces yard feet 3 feet 7000 grains inches 36 inches 12 inches 0.0833 feet 0.0328 feet 3.281 feet 0.3937 inches 39.37 inches 453.59 grams 0.4536 kgs centimeter meter 0.9144 91.44 cms meter 0.3048 30.48 cms meter 0.254 2.54 cms meter 0.01meter 100 cms
CONVERSION TABLE FOR LINEAR MEASURES:
yard 0.3333 yards 0.0278 inches yards 0.0109 centimeter yards 1.0936 meter yards feet
CALCULATIONS:
grams per meter = 0.5905 / Ne grams per yard = 0.54 / Ne tex = den x .11 = 1000/Nm = Mic/25.4 Ne = Nm/1.693 DRAFT = (feed weight in g/m) / (delivery weight in g/m)
DRAFT = Tex (feed) / Tex(delivery) DRAFT = delivery roll surface speed / feed roll surface speed No of hanks delivered by m/c = (Length delivered in m/min) / 1.605
CARDING: (1). P =( L x 1.0936 x 60 x effy ) / (hank (Ne) x 36 x 840 x 2.2045) P - production in kgs / hr L - delivery speed in m/min effy- efficiency Ne - English count ( number of 840 yards in one pound) 840 - constant 2.2045- to convert from lbs to kilograms (2).production in kgs / hr = (L x Ktex x 60 x effy) / ( 1000) L - delivery speed in m/min Ktex- sliver count in Ktex (kilotex) effy - efficiency 1000- to convert to kilograms from grams (3). production in kgs / 8 hrs = (0.2836 x L x effy) / (Ne) L - delivery speed in m/min effy - efficiency Ne - English count (4).prodn / 8 hrs = (Hank x Nd) /( Ne x 2.2045) Hank = no of hank (840 yards)delivered by the machine Nd = no of deliveries Ne = hank of the material (4).Total draft in card = (feed weight in g/m) / (sliver weight in g/m) DRAWFRAME: (1.)Break draft = surface speed of 2nd roller / surface speed of back roller (2).Main draft = surface speed of 1st roller / surface speed of 2nd( middle) roller (3).Total draft = surface speed of delivery roller / surface of feed roller (4).production in kgs / 8 hrs = (0.2836 x L x effy x Nd) / (Ne) L - delivery speed in m/min effy - efficiency Ne - english count Nd - No of delvieries (5.).prodn in kgs / hr = (FRD x FRrpm x 3.14 x 60 x effy x Nd) / (Ne x 840 x 36 x 2.2045) FRD - front roller dia in inches
FRrpm - front roller rpm effy - efficiency Ne - Sliver hank Nd - number of deliveries SPEEDFRAME + RINGFRAME (1).Twist / Inch (TPI) = Spindle speed / FRS FRS - front roller surface speed in inches/min (2).FRS = FRrpm x 3.14 x FRD FRS - Front roller surface speed FRD - front roller diameter (3).T.P.I = T.M. x sqrt(count or hank) T.M. - Twist multiplier sqrt - square root (4).prodn in kgs / 8 hrs = (7.2 x SS x effy) / (TPI x Ne x 1000) SS - spindle speed (5).Spindle speed = m/min x TPI x 39.37 (6).hank delivered = spindle speed / ( tpi x 62.89) (7).Ring traveller speed in m/sec =( spindle speed x ring dia in mm x 3.14) / (60 x 1000) WINDING: (1). production in kgs / 8 hrs = (0.2836 x L x effy x Nd) / (Ne) L - delivery speed in m/min effy - efficiency Ne - english count Nd - No of delvieries (2). P =( L x 1.0936 x 60 x effy ) / (hank (Ne) x 36 x 840 x 2.2045) P - production in kgs / hr L - delivery speed in m/min effy- efficiency Ne - English count ( number of 840 yards in one pound) 840 - constant 2.2045- to convert from lbs to kilograms
