Name: Joanne Mae M. Sionosa.
, RN
Subject: EDUC 325 (1:00- 2:30 SUN)
Instructor: Dr. Manolito Nama
1. Why was the focus of education different for different groups of people in
different places and at different periods in world history? What does this point to
regarding relationship of school and society?
-Focus of education is different for different groups of people in different places
and different times because of increased diversity and because people keep
developing an appropriate and have quality education that is related or
interconnect with the outcomes that they wanted.
2. Given the different characteristics of the different periods of Philippine history,
what were the goals of education/ school during the:
a) Pre- colonial
The goal of basic education is to teach children to do household chores for them
to live harmoniously. There are more in vocational training than academics.
b) Spanish period
The goal of education system during this era is to teach the young ones about
the Christian’s doctrine, sacred songs or music, and prayers, and they are also
required to have confession and communion.
c) American regime
Educational goal during the American period is to promote democratic ideals and
way of life; formation of good citizens, including the rights and responsibilities of
people, and to teach everyone and teach the adults some vocational education
for them to use in work or home. The education in this era is free to all.
d) Japanese regime
This aims to make the Filipinos understand the position of the Philippines as a
member of the East Co- Prosperity sphere. Fostering new Filipino culture and
elevating the moral of the people over the emphasis on materialism. This era is
more in promotion of vocation education and the love of labor.
e) Post- colonial period
Education aimed at the full of realization of the democratic ideals and way of life.
The Philippines has a formal education system, and everyone has the right to be
educated in formal programs. There are laws established concerning the equal
opportunities and the basis of educational system in the country. The goal of
education is to give people with knowledge so that they can utilize it to earn
money and develop skills in a certain field of work. People benefit from education
since it allows them to learn new things.
3. Was equal access to quality education met during the:
a) Pre- colonial
No, because education in this period is informal and unstructured, decentralized.
Equal access to quality education was not provided because there was no formal
educational institution. The focus of the lessons was on family matters and tribal
norms. They simply cared about their livelihood and survival.
b) Spanish period
No, Mostly because ilustrados and Spaniards can afford to visit school, there is
no equal access to high-quality education during this time period.
c) American regime
During the American colonial period, the American educational system was
assimilated into the country. These schools did not supplant the Spanish Catholic
schools but were additional new schools (public colleges, state colleges,
agricultural colleges, Protestant schools, elementary and high school public
schools). These schools were open to all religions and to all Filipinos. However,
all these schools required tuition fee payments. But if one cannot afford tuition,
then the schools had scholarship programs. You can say this was “more equal”
versus the Spanish colonial period. On the contrary, because tuition was not free
then there is arguably still some “inequality”.
d) Japanese regime
This era has equal access to quality education, because an individual has a right
to go to school and adult get a vocational education.
e) Post- colonial period up to the present?
The use of Filipino books that replaced the American books in the 70’s; the
creation of the Commission of Higher Education to manage the educational
system of our professionals; offering FREE public education for elementary and
high school; institutionalizing FREE Night schools; then extending the FREE
public education to K12 (basic college); and the creation of TESDA (vocational
institution specializing in skills training specific to job opportunities made the
PHILIPPINE educational system has grown to be at its “most equal” now than
before.
4. DepEd’s mission is “to protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality,
equitable, culture- based, and complete basic education.” Has the Philippine
educational system from pre- colonial to present given equal access to quality,
culture- based and complete basic education? Or was it a privilege of a few?
Explain your answer.
I can say that the PHILIPPINE educational system has given equal access to
quality, culture- based and complete basic education from pre- colonial to
present because of the developments in our education system (refer to the above
answer in question #3e).
DepEd Vision
We dream of Filipinos
who passionately love their country
and whose values and competencies
enable them to realize their full potential
and contribute meaningfully to building the nation.
As a learner-centered public institution,
the Department of Education
continuously improves itself
to better serve its stakeholders.
DepEd Mission
To protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality, equitable, culture-based,
and complete basic education where:
• Students learn in a child-friendly, gender-sensitive, safe, and motivating
environment
• Teachers facilitate learning and constantly nurture every learner
• Administrators and staff, as stewards of the institution, ensure an enabling
and supportive environment for effective learning to happen
• Family, community, and other stakeholders are actively engaged and
share responsibility for developing life-long learners
DepEd Core Values
Maka-Diyos
Maka-tao
Makakalikasan
Makabansa
