Information Systems in Health
Care Sector
COMPANY : SUBMITEED BY:
DATA-CORE (INDIA) PVT.LTD SAMEER CHOURASIA
KOLKATA IPHMR,KOLKATA
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Learning Objectives
Distinguish between the concepts of data, information, and
knowledge .
Discuss how the management of IS in health-care facilities has
changed over time and how this has affected the development
of IT in health-care delivery
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Key Terms
Administrative and Laboratory information
managerial information systems (LIS)
systems Nursing information
Computer-based patient systems (NIS)
record
Hospital information Patient monitoring
system (HIS) systems
In-house systems Pharmacy information
systems
Knowledge Shared systems
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Outline
Information Systems in Health Care
◦ History of IS in Health Care
◦ Current Applications and Trends in Health
Care
◦ Current Trends in Health Information Systems
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The Patient at the Center of Care
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CURRENT SCENARIO
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STATUS OF HEALTHCARE SECTOR
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History of IS in Health Care
Studied from different standpoints
◦ Technology
◦ System design approaches
◦ Management approaches
◦ Data-information-knowledge model
Focus on data-information-knowledge
model and contrast it to other three
standpoints
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History of IS in Health Care
Distinctions between data, information, and knowledge
Data are facts, images, or sounds that may or may not be
useful to a particular task
Information systems maintain a long-term database use
applications built on storage, retrieval, and
communication concepts
Knowledge is a combination of rules, relationships, ideas,
and experience
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History of IS in Health Care
Distinctions between data, information, and knowledge
Fig:1
Hierarchical view of data-
information-knowledge
Knowledge
• Rules
• Relationships
• Ideas
Information
• Formatted
• Filtered
• Manipulated
Data
• Facts
• Images
• Sound
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History of IS in Health Care
Evolution of IS in Health Care
1960s-70s
• Financial Focus Fig:2
• Few Clinical Systems Timelining Health Information Systems Evolution
• In-house
1980s
Development
•Continuing Financial Focus
• Shared Systems
•More Clinical Development
• Turnkey Systems
•Stand-alone Systems
• Transaction
•Distributed
Processing 1990s
Systems
• Focus on Clinical Systems
• Management
• Integration of Systems
Information
• Executive
Systems
Information 2000-till now
Systems • Standards
• Decision Support • E-health
Systems • Intranets and Extranets
• Enterprise-wide • Internet
Systems • Clinical Repositories
• Office Automation • Data Warehouses
• Virtual Systems • Data Mining
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Role of Information
Technology in Healthcare
Industry
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GROWTH DRIVERS
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Harmony Is Possible
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Electronic Medical Record [EMR]
Electronic Health Record [EHR]
Healthcare Tools
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EMR vs EHR
EMR: electronic medical record
◦ An electronic medical record for a patient at a particular site,
providing such functionalities as e-prescribing, order/results
management, work-flow tasking, communication and messaging
◦ An EMR is NOT a paper record made electronic
EHR: electronic health record
◦ The sum of a patient’s EMRs and other health- related information
from multiple sites
HOW CUSTOMER BENEFITS ?
We help you gain better visibility,control & efficiency to
improve your service through-
Enhanced healthcare experience for patients & doctors.
Improved Pharmaceutical & Hospital administration
facilities.
Attracting & retaining healthcare workforce.
Mitigating cost & compliance issuses.
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Current Applications and Trends in
Health Care
Clinical Applications and Systems
Various system types
◦ Patient monitoring systems
◦ Nursing information systems
◦ Laboratory information systems
◦ Pharmacy information systems
◦ Other clinically oriented information systems
hospital information system (HIS)
◦ Provide communication among health facility workers
and support organization need for operating, planning,
patient care, and documentation
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Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR)
A concept of maintaining health-related and patient-
related data electronically in a system so that end users
may access complete and accurate data, and be
provided with alerts, reminders, clinical support systems,
and links to medical knowledge
A system of technology, software, and data subsystems
working together to provide accurate, complete, and
timely information when and where it is needed
Make up of one technology but supported by many
technologies
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BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
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INDIAN GROWTH
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Current Trends in Health Information
Systems
Current trends in
◦ Clinical information systems
◦ E-commerce and E-health
◦ Standard development
◦ Privacy and security
◦ Technology developments
◦ Management of information
resources and standards
development
◦ The virtual health-care system
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HEALTHCARE AREAS
Clinical Trial Management (CTM)
Management data (e.g. times, resources, responsibilities,
budget),trial data (e.g. from protocol, CRF, standards)
Clinical Data Management (CDM)
patient data (e.g. from CRF, diaries, electronic device)
Pharmacovigilliance
Pharmaceuticals
Market research
KPO & IT services
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Standard Development
Organizations
◦ International Standard Organization (ISO)
◦ American National Standards Institute (ANSI) does not
develop standards but serves as a clearinghouse for nationally
coordinated voluntary standards
Health Level 7 (HL7)
Accredited Standards Committee (ASC)
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DIACOM)
National Council on Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP)
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
◦ Mandatory standards
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
(HIPAA)
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Technology Development
Wireless technology accompanied with handheld
computers and personal digital assistants will be applied
widely in health-care institutions
Interactive technologies such as continuous speech
recognition, touch screen, and multimedia technology
will be applied more widely, especially in CPR
Continuing growth and applications of database, data
repository, and data warehousing technologies in the
health-care arena
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Privacy and Security
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 )
Mandatory rules with regard to both data privacy and
security for health-care organizations
Health-care organizations must be concerned with
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the
information resource
Encrypted keybased authentification and biometric
authentification for guarding data access.
Web server guards and server-side session management
through a secure socket layer will be a regular feature
for engaging in any type of e-commerce
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SUMMARY
Healthcare IT could help to reduce disparities – avoid
digital divide
EHRs are essential to get us to routine examination of
quality by population
Aftermath of Katrina,Tsunami,Earthquake showed
significance of healthcare IT in protecting and accessing
patient records & profile.
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CONCLUSION:
Growth of Healthcare IT and Population Health record
Need to increase linkages between EHRs and
public health systems
Enhance the clinical-public health interface
Interconnected healthcare IT systems should easily
allow for traking population health & to maintain
quality standard.
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