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Module 02 - Mathematical Language

Mr. Christian Paul S. Estrella will teach a course that explains mathematical language. Mathematical language consists of technical terms, grammatical conventions, and symbolic notations. It is precise, concise, and powerful. The course will differentiate between mathematical expressions, which have incomplete thoughts, and mathematical sentences, which have complete thoughts and can be identified as true or false. Examples of expressions and sentences will be provided to illustrate these concepts.

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BAROTEA Cressia Mhay G.
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49 views19 pages

Module 02 - Mathematical Language

Mr. Christian Paul S. Estrella will teach a course that explains mathematical language. Mathematical language consists of technical terms, grammatical conventions, and symbolic notations. It is precise, concise, and powerful. The course will differentiate between mathematical expressions, which have incomplete thoughts, and mathematical sentences, which have complete thoughts and can be identified as true or false. Examples of expressions and sentences will be provided to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

BAROTEA Cressia Mhay G.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department

Mr. Christian Paul S. Estrella


Course Instructor
Objectives
✓ Explain the nature of mathematics as a language
✓ Differentiate Mathematical Expressions to Mathematical
Sentences
✓ Classify the truth value of Mathematical Sentence
✓ Recall some of the most common conventions of
Mathematical Language
What is Mathematical Language?

• System used to communicate mathematical ideas


• Consists of some natural language using:
▪ Technical terms (mathematical terms)
▪ Grammatical Conventions
• Supplemented by highly specialized symbolic notations
(mathematical formulas)
Characteristics of Mathematical Language

• Non-temporal
• Carries no emotional content
• Precise
• Concise
• Powerful
Introduction

Mathematics is a language just like the English


language which has the following:

• A name given to an object of interest

• A complete thought
Comparison

English Mathematics

Noun Expression
Name given to an
object of interest
e.g. Carol, Quezon, book e.g. 5, 2+3, 3/2
Sentence Sentence
A complete thought
e.g. SLSU is in Quezon (P) 3+4 =7
SLSU is in Mindoro 3 + 4 = 34
Mathematical Expression
✓ Has an incomplete thought
✓ Does not show equality or inequality
✓ Combination of numbers and variables with different
operations and must be well-formed
✓ Cannot be identified as either true or false
Mathematical Expression

Numbers 11 – 5, ¾, 2 + (15 – 6)

Sets { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, …}, {a, e, i, o, u}, {}

Ordered Pairs (x, y), (1, 2), (-12, 6)

Functions f (x)

Algebraic Expressions 3x – 6, 8y, 12x, 5(x + y), b + 4


Mathematical Sentence
✓ Has a complete thought
✓ Consist of mathematical expression connected using
equality or inequality
✓ The equality (or inequality) serve as “verb”
✓ Can be identified as always true, always false or
indeterminate (sometimes true, sometimes false)
Mathematical Sentence
𝟒 + 𝟏 + 𝟔 = 𝟏𝟏

𝒙– 𝒚 + 𝟐 = 𝟐 + 𝒙– 𝒚

𝟒 + −𝟔 ≤ −𝟕

√𝟏𝟒𝟒 < 𝟖

𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏𝟓
Examples
𝟒 + 𝟏 + 𝟔 = 𝟏𝟏 𝑨𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝑻𝒓𝒖𝒆
𝒙– 𝒚 + 𝟐 = 𝟐 + 𝒙– 𝒚 𝑨𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝑻𝒓𝒖𝒆
𝟒 + −𝟔 ≤ −𝟕 𝑨𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆
𝟏𝟒𝟒 < 𝟖 𝑨𝒍𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆
𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏𝟓 𝑺𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝑻𝒓𝒖𝒆, 𝑺𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒔 𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆
Mathematical Conventions
• Fact
• Name
• Notation
• Usage

Agreed upon by mathematicians


Some Example of Mathematical
Conventions
PEMDAS
Mathematical name and symbols (Golden ratio, pi, etc)
Way of writing of Formula from left to right
Mathematical expression
= (equal) < (less-than) > (greater-than)
+ (addition) – (subtraction) × (multiplication)
 (division) ∈ (element) ↔ (if and only if)
References
• https://www.onemathematicalcat.org/algebra_book/online_problems/exp_vs_sen.htm#:~:text
=An%20expression%20is%20the%20mathematical,a%20mathematical%20object%20of%20i
nterest.&text=A%20mathematical%20sentence%20is%20the,that%20states%20a%20complet
e%20thought
• https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/PreAlgebra/Book%3A_Prealgebra_(Arnold)/03%3A_
The_Fundamentals_of_Algebra/3.01%3A_Mathematical_Expressions#:~:text=Definition%3A%2
0Mathematical%20Expression,is%20called%20a%20mathematical%20expression
• https://www.splashlearn.com/math-vocabulary/number-sense/expression

• Mathematics in the Modern World by Winston S. Sirug, Ph.D.

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