Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT

COURSE CURRICULUM
COURSE TITLE: MASS TRANSFER-II
(COURSE CODE: 3350502)

Diploma Programme in which this course is offered Semester in which offered

Chemical Engineering 5th Semester

1. RATIONALE
Diploma Chemical engineer have to supervise the preliminary purification of raw materials or final
separation of products from by-products. They have to deal with changes in composition of solutions
known as the mass-transfer operations. The large numbers of towers used for petroleum refining are
examples of mass transfer operations. A substantial number of the unit operations of chemical
engineering are concerned with the problem of changing the compositions of solutions and mixtures
through methods involving chemical reactions. Hence the course has been design to develop these
competencies and its associated cognitive, practical and effective domain learning out comes.

2. LIST OF COMPETENCY
The course should be taught and implemented with the aim to develop required skills in
students so that they are able to acquire following competency:

 Perform separation operations for purification of raw materials and products

3. COURSE OUTCOMES
The theory should be taught and practical should be carried out in such a manner that students are
able to acquire required learning out comes in cognitive, psychomotor and affective domain to
demonstrate following course outcomes.

i. Operate equipments for gas-liquid operations.

ii. Perform distillation operations.
iii. Calculate the product rate and number of trays for binary distillation.
iv. Calculate various terms associated with humidity.
v. Operate drying systems.
vi. Use the concept of adsorption and ion exchange.
vii. Operate various crystallisers.

4. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

Teaching Scheme Total Credits Examination Scheme

(In Hours) (L+T+P) Theory Marks Practical Marks Total
Marks
L T P C ESE PA ESE PA
200
4 0 4 8 70 30 40 60

Legends: L - Lecture; T - Tutorial/Teacher Guided Student Activity; P - Practical; C - Credit; ESE - End Semester Examination; PA -
Progressive Assessment

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Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

5. COURSE CONTENT DETAILS

Major Learning Outcomes Topics and Sub-topics
Unit
(in cognitive domain)
1a. Describe importance of Gas- 1.1 Importance of Gas-Liquid operations
Unit – I Liquid operations
Equipment 1b. Classify equipments for Gas- 1.2 Classification of equipments for Gas-Liquid
for Gas Liquid operations operations
Liquid 1c. Describe construction of 1.3 Gas dispersed
Operations 1.3.1 Sparged vessel
equipments with diagram of 1.3 &
1.4 1.3.2 Mechanically Agitated Vessel
1d. Explain working principle and 1.3.3 Tray tower
operation of equipments with 1.3.3.1 Types of trays
sketches of 1.3 & 1.4 1.3.3.2 Operating problems in tray tower
1.3.3.3 Tray efficiency
1.4 Liquid dispersed
1.4.1 Venturi scrubber
1.4.2 Wetted wall column
1.4.3 Spray tower
1.4.4 Packed tower and its operating problems
1d. Distinguish different types of 1.5 Types of packing
packing with diagram (a) Random (b) Regular
2a Describe applications 2.1 Distillation as a versatile separation method
Unit – II 2b Describe the steps to Plot VLE, 2.2 Vapor Liquid Equilibria
Distillation Constant pressure, Constant 2.2.1Constant pressure equilibria
temperature equilibria 2.2.2 Constant temperature equilibria
2c Explain Relative volatility and 2.3 Relative volatility
laws - Raoult’s, Henry’s 2.4 Raoult’s law, Henry’s law, and their uses
2c.1 State their uses
2d Differenetiate azeotropes 2.5 Maximum and minimum boiling azeotropes
2e Explain 2.6 Flash vaporization
-Flash vaporisation, Differential 2.6.1 Material balance
distillation, Continuous 2.6.2 Calculation of amount and composition
rectification 2.7 Differential distillation
2f Calculate amount and composition 2.7.1 Derivation of Rayleigh’s equation
for Flash vaporization 2.7.2 Calculation of product composition
2g Calculate product composition for 2.8 Continuous rectification of binary solution
Differential distillation 2.8.1 The fractionation operation
2.8.2 Overall material and enthalpy balances
2f. Apply McCabe-Theile method for 2.9 McCabe and Thiele method for enriching and
multistage tray tower for stripping section
enriching and stripping section 2.9.1 Introduction of Feed and Location of the feed tray
2f.1 Calculate product rates, minimum 2.9.2 Total reflux ratio, Minimum reflux ratio, Optimum
reflux ratio and number of trays for reflux ratio
the given data 2.9.3 Calculations of product rates, minimum reflux
ratio and number of trays
2g. Compare distillation techniques 2.10 Important distillation techniques
viz (a) Steam distillation
(a) Steam distillation (b)Vacuum and molecular distillation
(b)Vacuum and molecular distillation (c)Azeotropic and extractive distillation
(c)Azeotropic and extractive
distillation
2h. Distinguish Reboilers 2.11 Reboilers and their use

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Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

Humidification:
Unit – III 3a. Analyse the VLE for a pure 3.1 Vapor-pressure curve
Humidificat substance 3.2 Saturated and unsaturated vapor-gas mixtures
ion 3b. Explain the concepts of Absolute 3.3 Concept of Absolute humidity, Relative saturation,
humidity, Relative saturation, Percentage saturation, Dew point, Dry bulb
Percentage saturation, Dew point, temperature, Wet bulb temperature, Adiabatic
Dry bulb temperature, Wet bulb saturation temperature, Humid volume, Humid heat,
temperature, Adiabatic saturation Enthalpy
temperature, Humid volume,
Humid heat, Enthalpy
3c.Evaluate the property of air using 3.4 Calculations of absolute humidity, relative
DBT and WBT saturation, percentage saturation
3e.1 Calculate –absolute humidity,
relative saturation, percentage
saturation for the given process
data
3d. Draw psychometric chart 3.5 Psychometric charts for Air-Water system
3d.1 List Purposes of contact of gas 3.6 Purposes of contact of gas with pure Liquid
with pure Liquid
3e. Explain construction and working 3.7 Equipments
with diagram 3.7.1 Cooling towers
3.7.2 Spray chambers
3.7.3 Spray ponds
4a. Discuss drying equilibrium and 4.1 Drying equilibrium
Unit – IV related concepts 4.1.1 Insoluble solids
Drying 4a.1 Define and calculation of 4.1.2 Hysterisis
Moisture content, Equilibrium and 4.1.3 Soluble solids
free moisture, Bound and unbound 4.1.4 Definitions and calculation of Moisture content,
moisture Equilibrium and free moisture, Bound and unbound
4a.2 Calculate - Moisture content, moisture
Equilibrium and free moisture,
Bound and unbound moisture from
the given data
4b. Classify drying & drying 4.2 Batch and continuous drying
equipments 4.3 Classification of drying equipment

4c. Describe construction and working 4.4 Construction and working of following Drier
of Drier equipments equipment
 Tray drier
 Tunnel drier
 Vacuum drier
 Rotary drier
 Spray drier
 Fluidized bed drier
 Pneumatic drier
4d. Describe drying rate characteristics 4.5 Drying rate curve for batch drying
for batch drying with sketches 4.6 Derivation of equation for drying time for constant
4d.1 Derive equation for drying time rate period and falling rate period
for constant rate period and falling
rate period
4e. Calculate drying time 4.7 Calculation of drying time

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Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

5a. Define and state uses of Adsorption & Ion-Exchange:

Unit – V Adsorption 5.1 Definition and industrial application of
Adsorption Adsorption
& Ion- 5b. Classify Adsorption and 5.2 Types of adsorption
Exchange adsorbents 5.3 Nature of adsorbents
5b.1State Commonly used adsorbents 5.4 Commonly used adsorbents
5d. Analyse Adsorption Equilibria 5.5 Adsorption Equilibria
5d.1 Describe Effect of temperature on 5.5.1 Single gases and vapours
adsorption and Heat of adsorption 5.5.2 Adsorption hysteresis
5.2.3 Effect of temperature on adsorption
and Heat of adsorption
5e. Apply Freudlich’s equation for 5.6 Adsorption from liquids
single stage and multi stage cross- 5.6.1 Adsorption from dilute solution
current operation 5.6.2 The Freundlich’s equation
5e.1Describe adsorption from dilute 5.6.3 Adsorption from concentrated solutions
and concentrated solution 5.6.4 Material balance and Freundlich’s equation for
single stage and multistage cross-current operation
5f. Describe construction and working 5.7 Higgins contactor
of Higgins contactor, Pressure swing 5.8 Pressure swing adsorber
adsorber
5g. Appreciate concepts of Ion 5.9 Ion-Exchange
Exchange 5.9.1 Principles
5g.1 List Applicationv of Ion 5.9.2 Application
Exchange 5.9.3 Equilibria
5.9.4 Rate of ion exchange
6a. State Industrial applications of Crystallisation:
Unit –VI crystallization 6.1 Industrial applications of crystallization
Crystallisati 6b. Explain equilibria mechanism for 6.2 Equilibria and yields
on crystallisation 6.3 Super saturation and methods to get it
6b.1 State the methods to get Super 6.4 Nucleation
saturation 6.5 Crystal growth
6c. Explain working principle and 6.6 Crystallization Equipment
operation of Crystallization 6.6.1 Vacuum crystallizer
Equipment with sketch 6.6.2 Swenson walker crystallizer
6c.1Describe construction of 6.6.3 Draft tube-baffle crystallizer
Crystallization Equipment
6d. State and explain Meir’s theory 6.7 Meir’s theory
6e. Calculate the crystal yield 6.8 Crystallization with and without seeding
6.9 Calculations of crystal yield
6f. List steps to Prevent caking of 6.10 Caking of crystals and it’s prevention
crystals

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 Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

6. SUGGESTED SPECIFICATION TABLE WITH HOURS & MARKS (Theory)

Unit Unit Title Distribution of Theory Marks

Teaching R U A Total
Hours Level Level Level Marks
I Equipment for Gas 6 2 3 2 7
Liquid Operations
II Distillation 15 5 7 7 19
III Humidification 8 2 4 4 10
IV Drying 10 4 4 5 13
V Adsorption & Ion- 10 4 4 4 12
Exchange
VI Crystallization 7 3 3 3 9
Total 56 20 25 25 70
Legends: R = Remember; U = Understand; A = Apply and above levels (Bloom’s revised taxonomy)
Note: This specification table shall be treated as a general guideline for students and teachers. The actual
distribution of marks in the question paper may vary slightly from above table.

7. SUGGESTED LIST OF EXERCISES/PRACTICAL

The practical/exercises should be properly designed and implemented with an attempt to develop
different types of skills (outcomes in psychomotor and affective domain) so that students are able
to acquire the competencies/course outcomes. Following is the list of practical exercises for
guidance.
Note: outcomes in psychomotor domain are listed here as practical/exercises. However, if these
practical/exercises are completed appropriately, they would also lead to development of certain
outcomes in affective domain which would in turn lead to development of Course Outcomes
related to affective domain. Thus over all development of Programme Outcomes (as given in a
common list at the beginning of curriculum document for this programme) would be assured.
Faculty should refer to that common list and should ensure that students also acquire outcomes in
affective domain which are required for overall achievement of Programme Outcomes/Course
Outcomes.

S. No. Unit Practical/Exercise Apprx.

No. (Outcomes in psychomotor domain) Hrs.
Required
1 I Demonstrate principle, construction and working of equipments for 4
gas–liquid operations with models
2 I Prepare vapour liquid equilibria curve at atmospheric pressure for 4
Benzene-Xylene
3 II Carry out simple distillation in glass assembly 4
4 II Find out the effect of vacuum on distillation of liquid 4
5 II Carry out continuous rectification in packed column 4
6 II Find out amount of steam required in steam distillation 4
7 III Find out the property of atmospheric air with the help of wet bulb 4
and dry bulb temperature
8 III Set desired conditions of humid air in humidity control cabin 4
9 IV Prepare drying curve of moist sand and moist limestone 4
10 IV Find out equilibrium moisture content and drying time of wet solid
11 V Characterize industrial adsorbents and observe their samples 4

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 Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

S. No. Unit Practical/Exercise Apprx.

No. (Outcomes in psychomotor domain) Hrs.
Required
12 V Remove colour impurities from water using charcoal 4
13 VI Find out the yield of crystals from saturated solution without 4
seeding
14 VI Find out the yield of crystals of from saturated solution with 4
seeding
Total 56

8. SUGGESTED LIST OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Following is the list of proposed student activities such as:

i. Visit nearby industries and observe the working of mass transfer equipments.
ii. Visit the website of reputed mass transfer equipment manufacturers and prepare a report on
these equipments.
iii. Prepare chart/ Model of mass transfer equipments.
iv. Quiz, Debate

9. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL STRATERGY (If Any)

i. Animated videos and drawings of equipments

10. SUGGESTED LEARNING RESOURCES

(A) List of Books:
S. Title of Books Author Publication
No.
1 Mass Transfer Operations Robert E. Treybal Mc Graw- Hill, 3rd Edition,
1981
2 Unit Operation of Chemical McCabe, Warren L., McGraw Hill Publication, New
Engineering Julian C. Smith York 2004, 7th Edition
3 Unit Operations-II K. A. Gavhane Nirali Prakashan, Pune
4 Unit Operations of Chemical P. Chattopadhyay Khanna Publishers, New
Engineering, Volume-I Delhi, 1995

5 Chemical Engineering, Coulsion and Richardson Butterworth-Heinemann; 5th

Volume-2 Edition, 2002
7 Introduction to Chemical L.Badger, McGraw Hill Publication, New
Engineering Julius T. Banchero York, 7th Edition, 2004

B. List of Major Equipment/Materials

i. Distillation Assembly : 2000 ml round bottom flask, 1000 ml collection flask, joints,
adapter with ¾ neck, simple/coiled glass condenser, thermometer pocket
ii. Packed column : Heating mantle - single phase 240 v AC, 15 amp, max 250 0C, 2litre
Flask, Column- MS and Borosil glass, ID-58 mm, OD-62 mm, Packing-100 mm
glass, 400 mm MS, 50 mm glass,12 mm dia rasching ring, Condenser- shell MS, tube
Copper, Rotameter-0.5-5 LPH
iii. Steam distillation setup : Distillation kettle - MOC-MS, dia-150 mm, height 300mm;
jacket dia 175 mm height, height 300 mm, pressure gauge, steam relief valve, steam
feed line with valve, drain valve, steam trap on jacket outlet, 25 mm glass wool
insulation with MS cladding; Condenser – MS shell, tube copper dia-150 mm,

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Mass Transfer-II Course code : 3350502

height 250; Steam generator inner SS 304, outer MS dia 180 mm, height 270 mm;
25,5litre collecting beaker
iv. VLE apparatus : Heating mantle with 1 litre flask, dimmerstat, digital temp
indicator, air and water cooled condenser, mounted on wooden and MS frame,
thermocouples
v. Humidity cabin : Double walled thick gauge chamber SS 304, heater 500 W;
Cooling circuit with compressor, expansion valve, condenser and refrigerant; Steam
generator SS 304; Control panel with digital temperature indicator, low water level
indicator, solenoid valve
vi. Tray dryer : Temp range 50-100/200, thick MS chamber, digital temp indicator and
controller, Air circulation by induction motor, Tray about 80×40×3 cm
vii. Batch crystallizer : Jacket 325 mm round, 155 mm deep, 3mm thick, annulus 22.5
mm; 25 mm thick glass wool insulation, Aluminium cladding; motor-stirrer 10mm
rod, speed regulator
viii. Benzene, Toluene, Xylene, Sand, Limestone, silica gel, Charcoal, boric acid, Sodium
sulphate, Potassium permanganate

C List of Software/Learning Websites

i. www.unitoperation.com
ii. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/index.php?subjectId=103103035
iii. http://1rv07ch.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/lecture1-introduction2mass-
transfer.pdf
iv. http://www.msubbu.in/ln/mt/
v. http://chemeng.ir/download/Mass-Transfer/Mass_Transfer_Operations_-
_Robert_Treybal_chemeng.ir.pdf
vi. http://serve.me.nus.edu.sg/arun/file/teaching/ME6203_2013_Mujumdar.pdf

11. COURSE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

Faculty Members from Polytechnics

 Prof. Harsh B. Shukla, Lecturer in Chemical Engineering, Shri K.J. Polytechnic, Bharuch
 Prof. Upasana T. Singh, Lecturer in Chemical Engineering, Shri K.J. Polytechnic,
Bharuch
 Prof. Parul K Patel, Lecturer in Chemical Engineering, Govt. Polytechnic, Gandhinagar
 Prof. N. N. Hansalia, Lecturer in Chemical Engineering, Government Polytechnic,
 Rajkot

Coordinator and Faculty Members from NITTTR Bhopal

 Dr. Abhilash Thakur. Associate Professor, Department of Applied Sciences
 Dr. Bashirullah Shaikh, Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Sciences

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