KSRM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KADAPA
(AUTONOMOUS)
ECE DEPARTMENT
PRESENTATION
OF MINI
PROJECT
PRESENTED BY
TITLE : FOREST
FIRE DETECTION PAVAN KUMAR 199Y1A0407
SYSTEM
SIVA KUMAR 199Y1A0443
FIRING OF FOREST
Forest fires is a major recurring phenomena and results in loss property,
resources and adverse human health.
Conservative estimate by the economy and environment program for
southeast Asia, put the cost of damages stemming from
the southeast Asia fires at more than $4 billion.
Forest fires result in degradation of our environment and
are also health hazard.
There has been an increase in the frequency and intensity
of wild-fire across the globe.
Global forest fire danger indicates based on weather
parameters are available but
regional indicates for better assessment..
CAUSES FOR FOREST FIRES
Almost 95% of forest fires are caused by humans it is accidental and intentional.
Most causes are forest fire initiation
Grazers
sparks from vehicles and trains
Hikers/picnic
Fuelwood collection
shifting cultivation
Burning litter for fresh grasses flush
ROLE OF CLIMATE CHANGES IN FIRE
INCIDENCES
The smoke and carbon released into the atmosphere from these fire also acts to accelerate
further warming and temperature rise.
As global warming is leading to longer, harsher droughts and more extreme weather events.
Objective and scope of the
project
➢ To prevent rapid spread of fire
➢ to protect escape routes
➢ To protect high value areas
➢ To shorten reaction time
➢ To reduce potential damage as
➢ well as the cost of fire fighting
➢ Early detection also plays a significant role in protecting the safety of
emergency response personnel
COMPONENTS OF FIRE DETECTOR WITH
ARDUINO
❖ ARDUINO UNO
❖ SIM800L GPS/GPRS Module
❖ 3.7V Li-ion Battery
❖ FLAME SENSOR
❖ Dot matrix Perf board
❖ BUZZER
ARDUINO UNO
The Arduino uno is an open source
microcontroller board.
Based on microchip at mega 328p
microcontroller
And developed by Arduino.
The board is equipped sets of digital and analog
input /output pins that may be interfaced
or various expansion board and other circuit
SIM800L GPS/GPRS MODULE
It is a compact module that allows GPRS transmission, send/receive SMS, and
making voice calls. It has two antennas including on it. The first is for a ring
antenna which can be soldered directly on the board and the other is meant
for an external antenna. connect on to any global gsm network with any 2G
sim.
Specifications:
Input voltage:3.4v-4.2v
Interface : UART and AT commands
sim card socket: micro sim slot
Antenna connector : IPX
working temp range : -40 do +85c
3.7V LI-ION BATTERY
• lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for portable
electronics. Many types of cathodes and electrolytes
but all with metallic lithium as the anode. The
battery requires from 0.15 to 0.3 kg lithium per
kwh. Lithium-ion batteries are used in many products
such as electronics, toys, wireless headphones,
handle power tools, small and large appliances,
electric vehicles and electric energy storage system.
But in the project we used li-ion battery to connect
them SIM800L as shown in circuit diagram.
FLAME SENSOR
• The flame sensor can be used to detect fire
source or other light source of the wave length
in the sensor of 760mm - 1100mm. when the
sensor detects flame the signal LED will light up
and the d0 pins go slow.
DOT MATRIX PERF BOARD
• This board can be used to quickly build and
test circuit boards for testing and proto
typing purposed or may be for making
break out boards. this board is made of high
quality phenolic laminate and has holes
drilled at the standard spacing of
o.1”(2.54mm). The whole Arduino, SIM800L,
Buzzer and wiring system placed on the perf
board.
BUZZER
A buzzer is an audio singing
device which may be
mechanical, electro or
piezoelectric. Typical uses of
buzzers include alarm devices
, times , and conformation of
user input such as mouse
click or key stroke.
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR FOREST FIRE DETECTION
SYSTEM
• As shown in the schematic block diagram below, the project consists of flame sensor,
Arduino nano & SIM800L GSM/GPRS module as primary components. the fire can be
detected by the flame sensor which gives a digital output that corresponds to the fire
status and is received by the Arduino nano. Arduino compares the signal triggers the
SIM800L in case of fire incidents. Through AT commands, SIM800L communicates
with Things peak server.
BL0CK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• As shown in the circuit diagram, the flame sensor is connected to the Digital input pin
of Arduino Nano, you can also check out other simple fire alarm circuits which we
have built earlier if your interested . SIM800L is connected to Arduino nano via logic
shifting resistors as SIM800L works on 3.3v logic. Separate power is given to
SIM800L module because it works in 3.4-4.2v DC and 5v DC external supply is given
to Arduino Nano. Alternatively, a 3.7-5 v boost convertor can be used here to avoid
two power supplies.
Circuit diagram
Circuit Diagram
Setup Thingspeak Account
Forest Fire Detection System – Testing
• To test the prototype, first, the Micro sim needs to be inserted in the SIM800L slot as shown
in the figure. Then power ON the module and then we can see the LED blinking in the
Module. If the LED blinking is delayed as compared to the initial start, it means it got the
network, and is ready to connect to the server. Now we can see the status in Thingspeak
server.
