Cloud Computing Architecture

 Cloud Computing Introduction

 Cloud Computing Architecture

 Software Architecture for Cloud

 Outlook

Corporate Research and

Technologies ,
Munich, Germany

Gerald Kaefer

* 4th Generation Datacenter

IEEE Spectrum, Feb. 2009 20th May 2010

Page 1 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology

Motivation and Goals

• Cope with Cloud Computing paradigm in complex enterprise and

industrial environments in the roles as customer, provider, and ISV

• Design guidelines for native cloud applications for industrial domains

• Embedded systems integrated with cloud services
• ISVs prepare their software for cloud operation

• Support for re-engineering existing on-premise applications for

the Cloud Computing paradigm

• Coping with required break to existing IT and software architecture

(data (storage, distribution), processing, transactions, caching,
workflows, access control, etc.).

Page 2 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology

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 Reminder: Cloud Computing
….focus on automation, resource sharing and business

Novelty comes from the composition of existing technologies combined

with new business models for software and service selling.

Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient,

on-demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
rapidly provisioned
applications, and services) that can be
and released with minimal management effort
or service provider interaction
(Source: NIST Cloud Computing Project*)

* http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/cloud-def-v14.doc

Page 3 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology

Cloud Computing Business Challenge

Which applications profit from Cloud Computing?

Applications with these requirements are Business Driver - TCO

candidates: - Utilization Rate
- CAPEX  OPEX
- massive scale (computation, storage, …)
- high reliability and availability conventional data center
- heavy load variations Capacity
Resources

- world-wide distribution Pushed up by SLA’s

- non- deterministic life-time (start-up‘s)
Demand
- collaboration across company boundaries
- application do not fit to company
Time
core business
Installed Capacity vs. Demand  Utilization

Benefiting from:
- reduced administration effort
- contract flexibility (pay as you go) Business Driver - Flexibility
- availability and elasticity - pay as you go instead of
long-term contracts

Page 4 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology

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Cloud Computing Architecture
Our first definition

The Cloud Computing Architecture of

a cloud solution is the structure of the
system, which comprise on-premise and
cloud resources, services, middleware,
and software components, geo-location,
the externally visible properties of those,
and the relationships between them.

The term also refers to documentation

of a system's cloud computing
architecture. Documenting facilitates
communication between stakeholders,
documents early decisions about high-
level design, and allows reuse of design
components and patterns between
projects.

Page 5 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

Context: High-level Architectural Approach

… aligned with common architectural approaches

• TCO • Stakeholder
• Quality satisfaction
Business Goals • Market share • Compliance
• Flexibility • ….

• Availability • Performance
• Elasticity • Usability
• Interoperability • Maintainability
Quality Attributes • Security ….
• Adaptability

• Stateless Design • Partitioning

• Loose Coupling • Publish-Subscribe
• Caching • Strong encryption
•Claim based • Multi-Tenancy
Architectural Tactics authentication • Reliable messaging
•Scale-out architecture • Asynchronous
• Pipelining communication
• Divide and Conquer …
•Firewall traversal

Page 6 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

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Cloud Computing Architecture
Major building blocks

Reference Architecture
• Basis for documentation, project communication
• Stakeholder and team communication
• Payment, contract, and cost models

Technical Architecture
• Structuring according to XaaS Stack
• Adopting Cloud Platform paradigms
• Structuring cloud services and cloud components
• Showing relationships and external endpoints
• Middleware and communication
• Management and security

Deployment Operation Architecture

• Geo-location check (Legal issues, export control)
• Operation and monitoring

Page 7 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

Cloud Computing Architecture vs. “XaaS”

… allows comparisons, maps to common dictionary
* Backgroud Picture
Cloud Computing Architecture Source Press Image
Microsoft Europe

Client
Infrastructure

SaaS
Application Software as a Service
Management

Security

PaaS
Service
Platform as a Service
Cloud Runtime

Storage IaaS
Infrastructure as a Service
Infrastructure

Page 8 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

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 “XaaS” Stack Views
Customer View vs. Provider View
Customer View

e.g.
User, CRM
Application
Administrator
SaaS

Software e.g.
Architect, Access
Developer Control
PaaS

IT Architect, VMs and

IT Operator Networks
IaaS

Provider View

Page 9 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

Cloud Reference Architectures

Allow comparison of vendors and technologies

e.g. Microsoft Windows Azure Platform e.g. Amazon Cloud Platform

Client Client
Silverlight

Application Your App, Application Your App,

Office Online and Live, CRM Mechanical Turk, Your Database
Elastic Loadbalancer
Control, STS (ACS)

“AppFabric”
Identity (LiveID), Access

Service Bus, Service

Cloud
Access Control, VPC

Search, Maps,
CloudWatch,

Queues, Runtime Billing, Cloud

Controller

Billing, CDN, …
AWS Identity &

.net (Roles) Queues, Front,

Fabric

Cloud Runtime Service Notification

BLOB & Table Store, EC2: S3, SimpleDB,

Management

Management

Windows SQL Azure, NTFS,… Windows RDS (MySQL)

Azure Storage Linux
Security

Security

(Server
2008 and Fabric Controller) Storage
Infrastructure Infrastructure

Page 10 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

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 Hybrid Cloud Architecture Model
… XaaS Stack extended by the location, provider dimensions

Public Own Public Cloud Provider B

Cloud Offering Provider A
SaaS SaaS
PaaS PaaS
IaaS IaaS

Communication
(Protocols,
Firewall
Data)
Private Own On-premise Provider B
Cloud
Cloud Provider A
SaaS SaaS
PaaS PaaS
operates
IaaS IaaS

…Service offered
Firewall
…Service consumed
Page 11 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

Cloud Migration Strategy

…which layer fits the demand?

Cloud
Client
Application
Infrastructure

Replacement of Application
Abandon of legacy software + SaaS
Virtualized Application

?
Data and process migration cost - Application

Redesign for Platform* PaaS

High scalability and flexibility + Service
? Pay per use applications possible +
(Architecture-) change required -
Platform
Migration cost could become high -

Redeployment Storage IaaS

? Migrate software “as is” +
Low migration cost + Infrastructure
Application scalability not improved -
No pay-per-use for applications per tenant -

STOP Run on-premise

*… “Requires change of applications (own or partner application) or development of adapter layer“

Page 12 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

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Cloud Platforms - Simpler NFR Engineering
Software architecture becomes deployment architecture

Challenge: Traditional achievement of NFR (Non Functional Requirements) assurance

Problem Concept Software Solution IT Operation Solution Infrastructure

Abstract Concept requirements Software constraints have Infrastructure is

problem have to be to be encountered to selected according
focus and implemented, software fulfill SLA requirements to operation
constraints focuses on efficient requirements
implementation

Advantage: Match of NFRs are verified at higher level (platforms plus SAL), miss-match
adaptation is possible through change of concept or change of cloud platform.

Problem Concept Software Cloud Platforms

Concept must be aligned with Platform assures non functional requirements as

Cloud Platform, blocking points scalability, elasticity, reliability, and features as pay
show-up at concept phase by use, and low cost through economies of scale.

Page 13 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

Architecture for Elasticity

…elasticity and cost requirements impact architecture

Vertical Scale Up Horizontal Scale Out

• Add more resources to a • Adding additional computation units and
single computation unit i.e. having them act in concert
Buy a bigger box
• Splitting workload across multiple
• Move a workload to a computation units
computation unit with more
resources • Database partitioning

For small scenarios scale up is For larger scenarios scale out is the only solution
probably cheaper - code “just works” 1x64 Way Server much more expensive that
64x1 Way Servers

Page 14 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

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 Siemens Cloud-based Software Distribution
Some experiences …

Siemens Cloud Software Delivery Service provides saleable software distribution based
on Windows Azure across enterprise boundaries (firewall friendly).
Intranet or DMZ

Remote Service Trust Relationship

Security Service

SAP Azure Software

Form
Form Title
Title

Administration
System Delivery Services Customer Site
Console

Order
Report Software Software
Delivery Delivery
Billing Manager Client
Report

Azure Blob
Order Storage Package Drop
Share
Location
Order USA, EUROPE,
Package ASIA
Package
Share Repository
… Package Notification
… Software Package

Page 15 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

Outlook

 Cloud Computing approaches will spread because of

lower TCO and higher flexibility (business, technical)
 Cloud Computing will massively change the future IT
business in a way that many standard IT services will
offered by big IT providers
 Cloud Computing platforms commoditize native Internet
scale application development and operation
 Cloud Computing Architecture aspects will be
integrated in Cloud platforms as framework,
process, templates, guidance to lower the business,
legal, and technical burden for application developers

Page 16 Copyright © Siemens AG 2010, Corporate Technology, GTF SA&P

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Thank You for your Attention!

Siemens AG, CT T DE IT1

Dr. Gerald Kaefer Corporate Technology,
[email protected] Global Technology Field
System Architecture and
Platforms
Otto-Hahn-Ring 6
81739 Munich, Germany
www.ct.siemens.com

Within Corporate Technology the Global Technology Field System

Architecture and Platforms focuses on software architectures for a wide
range of software-types. This includes embedded systems, distributed
applications, and enterprise software.
In the recent field of cloud computing the focus is cloud computing
architecture for cloud platform stacks and applications. Cloud computing
architecture is key for scalability, cost efficiency, and meeting of legal and
business requirements. These activities are completed by the industry
focused evaluation of strategic cloud computing platforms in order to
support customers on their way to cloud computing.
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Siemens AG 2010.
rights reserved.