Apollo 11
Apollo 11 was the American spaceflight that first landed human on the
moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz
Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module Eagle on July 20,1969 at
20:17 UTC, and Armstrong became the first person to step onto the
Moon`s surface six hours and thirty nine minutes later, on July 21 at
02:56 UTC. Aldrin joined him 19 minutes later, and they spent about
two and a quarter hours together exploring the site they had named
Tranquility base upon landing. Armstrong and Aldrin collected 47.5
pounds (21.5kg) of lunar material to bring back to Earth as pilot
Michael Collins flew the Command Module Columbia in Lunar
Orbit, and were on the Moon`s surface for 21 hours,36 minutes
before lifting off to rejoin Columbia.
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Mission Objective
➢ During the exploration, the two astronauts were to gather
samples of lunar-surface materials for return to Earth. They also
were to extensively photograph the lunar terrain, the deployed
scientific equipment, the LM spacecraft, and each other, both
with still and motion picture cameras.
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Astronauts
Neil Armstrong:
➢ Neil Alden Armstrong was an American astronaut and aeronautical
engineer who became the first person to walk on the moon in 1969. He
was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor. Armstrong
was born and raised in Wapakonet.
Buzz Aldrin
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➢ Buzz Aldrin is an American former astronaut, engineer and fighter pilot. He
made the spacewalkers as pilots of the 1996 Gemini 12 mission. As the
Lunar Module Eagle pilot on the 1969 Apollo 11 mission, He and mission
Commander Neil Armstrong were the first two people to land on the moon.
Michael Collins
➢ Michael Collins was an American astronaut who flew the Apollo command
module Columbia around the moon in 1969 while hiss crewmates,Neil
Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin,made the first crewed landing on the
surface.He was also a test pilot and major general in the U.S. Air Force
reserves.
4
Important person
Katherine Johnson
➢ She helped send Apollo to the moon. Now she's receiving the same medal
the astronauts accepted 51 years ago. Katherine Johnson, the trailblazing
NASA mathematician, wins the Hubbard Medal for her calculations that
made space exploration possible.
Pioneer Wernher von Braun
➢ Designed and developed at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in
Huntsville, Alabama, under German rocket pioneer Wernher von Braun, it
was the most powerful rocket ever built: a huge, three-stage leviathan,
weighing more than 3,000 tonnes and towering 110m above the launch
pad.
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6
From a technological perspective, the moon landing accelerated
all sorts of innovations in rockets, computers, and other space-
age materials. But did it unite us, even for a brief moment? Or did
it divide us, as some people viewed the mission as a waste of
national resources?
➢ The moon landing was a lot of things to a lot of people. On the one hand,
the whole concept of a “moonshot”—a technical feat that seemed almost
impossible to achieve—came from this seemingly unattainable goal of
putting an American on the moon. While scientifically-plausible plans to
reach the moon had been circulating since the early 1950s, the U.S. was
nowhere near prepared for a program on the scale of Apollo when
President Kennedy made his speech to Congress in May 1961,
challenging the nation to have a man on the moon by the end of the
decade. Not only did the Russians have better rockets at the time, but the
extent of the effort was unimaginable in the early 1960s.
➢ Russians launched Sputnik, the world’s first satellite, in 1957—America
had been ramping up its emphasis on what today we call STEM (science,
technology, engineering, mathematics) education, hoping to train a new
generation to build and launch rockets to the moon and beyond. And while
there was a great deal of domestic unrest during the 1960s—Vietnam War
protests, civil rights demonstrations, women’s movements, and more—and
plenty of people thought we should be concentrating on our problems on
Earth instead of trying to land on the moon, the Apollo 11 landing was
arguably one of the most profound moments of what sociologist of religion
Robert Bellah called “American civil religion: a nonsectarian,
nondenominational faith that American symbols, rituals, and beliefs are in
some way sacred.” And, when it finally happened, even people who
thought the effort was a financial drain or an unnecessary military exercise
were pretty profoundly moved by Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael
Collins’ journey to and from the moon.
