BCM ARYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, SHASTRI NAGAR, LDH
SUBJECT CHEMISTRY
ASSIGNMENT : 1
TOPIC : SEPARATING TECHNIQUES CLASS: IX DATE : 18.04.2023 NAME …………………………..
1. The diagram below shows a chromatogram for a mixture of amino acid.
The solvent was a mixture of water, butanol, and ethanoic acid.
a Using the table of Rf values , identify the two amino acids.
b Which of them is less soluble in the solvent?
c How will the Rf values change if the solvent travels only 6 cm?
2. In a chromatography experiment, eight coloured substances were spotted onto piece of filter paper.
Three were the basic colours red, blue, and yellow. The others were unknown substances, labelled A–E. This
shows the resulting chromatogram:
a Which one of substances A–E contains onlyone basic colour?
b Which contains all three basic colours?
c The solvent was propanone. Which of the three basic colours is the most soluble in propanone?
3. You have three colourless solutions. Each contains an amino acid you must identify.
Explain how to do this using chromatography.Use the terms Rf and locating agent in your answer,
and show that you understand what they mean.
4. Argon, oxygen, and nitrogen are obtained from air by fractional distillation. Liquid air, at - 250°C, is warmed up,
and the gases are collected one by one.
a Is liquid air a mixture, or a pure substance?
b Explain why fractional distillation is used, rather than simple distillation.
c During the distillation, nitrogen gas is obtained first, then argon and oxygen. What can you say about the
boiling points of these three gases?
5. This question is about ways to separate and purify substances. Match each term on the left with the correct
description on the right.
6. Gypsum is insoluble in water. You are asked to purify a sample of gypsum that is contaminated
with a soluble salt.
a Which of these pieces of apparatus will you use?
Bunsen burner filter funnel tripod distillation flask conical flask pipette
thermometer condenser
Gauze stirring rod filter paper beaker
b Write step-by-step instructions for the procedure.
7. A student does paper chromatography on a mixture of amino acids. The student sprays the dried
chromatogram with a locating agent. What is the function of the locating agent?
A to dissolve the amino acids
B to form coloured spots with the amino acids
C to preserve the amino acids
D to stop the amino acids reacting
8. A student investigates the colours contained in inks from felt-tip pens. He uses chromatography and sets up
his experiment as shown:
(a) Identify two mistakes in the way he sets up the experiment. For each mistake state what problem it would
cause.
First mistake .......................................................................................................... .......................................................
Problem ......................................................................................................................... ................................................
Second mistake………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Problem ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Another student repeats the experiment, but does not make any mistakes. She uses inks from four different felt
tip pens. The diagram shows her results.
(b) (i) How many different colours does the black ink contain?
(ii) Which of the inks tested could be mixed together to make the black ink?
(iii) Which of the inks tested is insoluble in water? Explain your answer.
Ink .......................................................................................................................………………………………………………
Explanation ............................................................................................................ ...........................................…
(c) Rf values can be calculated for spots obtained by chromatography. The Rf value of a spot is calculated using the
equation
(i) Use the diagram of the results to help you complete the table. Include units.
(ii) Using the values you have recorded in the table, calculate the Rf value for the red spot.
