Practice Time

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

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1. From a point source, a light falls on a 7. A biconvex lens has a focal length 2/3 times

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spherical glass surface (m = 1.5 and radius of the radius of curvature of either surface. The
curvature = 10 cm). The distance between point refractive index of the lens material is

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source and glass surface is 50 cm. The position (a) 1.75 (b) 1.33

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of image is (c) 1.5 (d) 1.0
(a) 25 cm (b) 50 cm 8. An object approaches a convergent lens from

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(c) 100 cm (d) 150 cm the left of the lens with a uniform speed 5 m s–1

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2. A screen is placed 90 cm away from an and stops at the focus. The image

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object. The image of the object on the screen is (a) moves away from the lens with an uniform

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formed by a convex lens at two different locations speed 5 m s–1

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separated by 20 cm. Find the focal length of lens. (b) moves away from the lens with an uniform

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(a) 42.8 cm (b) 21.4 cm
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(c) 10.7 cm (d) 5.5 cm (c) moves away from the lens with a non-

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3. A convergent beam of light passes through uniform acceleration.

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a diverging lens of focal length 0.2 m and comes (d) moves towards the lens with a non-uniform
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acceleration.

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to focus 0.3 m behind the lens. The position of
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the point at which the beam would converge in 9. A convex lens of focal length 0.2 m and
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the absence of the lens is made of glass (amg = 1.5) is immersed in water
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(a) 0.12 m (b) 0.6 m (amw = 1.33). Find the change in the focal length
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(c) 0.3 m (d) 0.15 m of the lens.

4. The focal length of the lenses of an (a) 5.8 m (b) 0.58 cm
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astronomical telescope are 50 cm and 5 cm. The (c) 0.58 m (d) 5.8 cm
length of the telescope when the image is formed 10. A small telescope has an objective lens of
nd

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at the least distance of distinct vision is focal length 144 cm and an eyepiece of focal
(a) 45 cm (b) 55 cm length 6.0 cm. What is the separation between
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275 325 the objective and the eyepiece?

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(c) cm (d) cm
B

6 6 (a) 0.75 m (b) 1.38 m

(c) 1.0 m (d) 1.5 m
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5. Two lenses of power 10 a – are

y,

placed in contact. Where should an object be held 11. The far point of a near sighted person is
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from the lens, so as to obtain a virtual image of 6.0 m from her eyes, and she wears contacts that
m

magnification 2? enable her to see distant objects clearly. A tree

(a c ( – is 18.0 m away and 2.0 m high. How high is the
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(c 10 c ( –10 c image formed by the contacts?

6. Mirage is a phenomenon due to (a) 1.0 m (b) 1.5 m
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(a) refraction of light (c) 0.75 m (d) 0.50 m

(b) total internal reflection of light 12. A ray of light is incident on a thick slab of
A

(c) diffraction of light glass of thickness t as shown in the figure. The

(d) none of these. emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray but
S
B
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 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 23

displaced sideways by a distance d. If the angles between them. The magnification produced is 4.
are small then d is, The focal length of the lens is
(a) 1 m (b) 0.5 m (c) 0.24 m (d) 2 m
19. The image of the needle placed 45 cm from
a lens is formed on a screen placed 90 cm on the
other side of the lens. The displacement of the
image, if the needle is moved by 5.0 cm away
from the lens is
(a) 10 cm, towards the lens

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(b) 15 cm, away from the lens
(c) 15 cm, towards the lens

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 i  i
(a) t  1 −  (b) rt  1 −  (d) 10 cm, away from the lens
 r  r

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 r  r 20. A real image of a distant object is formed

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(c) it  1 −  (d) t  1 −  by a planoconvex lens on its principal axis.
 i  i
Spherical aberration is

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13. A converging lens is used to form an image (a) absent.

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on a screen. When the upper half of the lens is
(b) smaller, if the curved surfaces of the lens
covered by an opaque screen,

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face the object.
(a) half the image will disappear

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(c) smaller, if the plane surface of the lens faces
(b) complete image will disappear

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the object.
(c) intensity of image will decreases
(d) same, whichever side of the lens faces the

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(d) intensity of image will increases.
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object.

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14. A tank is filled with water to a height of
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21. A convex lens is dipped in a liquid whose
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12.5 cm. The apparent depth of a needle lying

refractive index is equal to the refractive index
at the bottom of the tank is measured by a
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of the lens. Then its focal length will

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microscope to be 9.4 cm. If water is replaced by
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(a) become zero
a liquid of refractive index 1.63 upto the same
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height, by what distance would the microscope (b) become infinite

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have to be moved to focus on the needle again? (c) become small, but non-zero
(d) remain unchanged
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or

(a) 1.00 cm (b) 2.37 cm

(c) 1.73 cm (d) 3.93 cm 22. A concave mirror of focal length f1 is placed
at a distance d from a convex lens of focal length
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15. A mark placed on the surface of a sphere is

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viewed through glass from a position directly f 2 . A beam of light coming from infinity and
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alli is c ve le s – c cave irr r

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opposite. If the diameter of the sphere is

10 cm and refractive index of glass is 1.5. The combination returns to infinity. The distance d
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position of the image will be must equal

(a) f1 + f2 –f1 + f2
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(a – 0 c ( 30 c (
B

(c 40 c ( – 10 c (c) 2f1 + f2 ( – f1 + f2
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16. le ses cal le s 0 c a –40 c 23. A ray incident at a point at an angle of

y,

are held in contact. The image of an object at incidence of 60 enters a glass sphere of refractive
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infinity will be formed by the combination at index 3 and is reflected and refracted at the
m

(a) 10 cm (b) 20 cm farther surface of the sphere. The angle between

(c) 40 cm (d) infinity the reflected and refracted rays at this surface is
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(a) 50 (b) 60
17. The final image in an astronomical telescope
with respect to an object is (c) 90 (d) 40
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(a) virtual and erect (b) real and erect 24. For a glass prism (µ = 3 ) the angle of
(c) real and inverted (d) virtual and inverted minimum deviation is equal to the angle of the
A

18. An object is placed at a distance of 1.5 m prism. The angle of the prism is
from a screen and a convex lens is interposed (a) 45 (b) 30 (c) 90 (d) 60
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B
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 24 CBSE Board Term-II Physics Class-12

25. Light travels in two media A and B with 31. Double convex lenses are to be manufactured
speeds 1.8 10 8 m s –1 and 2.4 10 8 m s –1 from a glass of refractive index 1.55, with both
respectively. Then the critical angle between faces of same radius of curvature. What is the
them is radius of curvature required if the focal length
is to be 20 cm?
−1  2  −1  3 
(a) sin   (b) tan   (a) 11 cm (b) 22 cm (c) 7 cm (d) 6 cm
 3  4
32. A small angle prism (m = 1.62) gives a
−1  2  −1  3 
(c) tan   (d) sin   deviation of 4.8 . The angle of prism is
3 4 (a) 5 (b) 6.36 (c) 3 (d) 7.74

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 3 33. The optical density of turpentine is higher
26. Two identical glass  µ g =  equiconvex
 2 than that of water while its mass density is

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lenses of focal length f are kept in contact. The lower. Figure shows a layer of turpentine floating

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space between the two lenses is filled with water over water in a container. For which one of the

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four rays incident

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 4
 µ w =  . The focal length of the combination is on turpentine in
3
figure, the path

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f 4f 3f
(a) f shown is correct?

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(b) (c) (d)
2 3 4
(a) 1

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27. A point source of light is placed at a depth (b) 2

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of h below the surface of water of refractive (c) 3

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index m. A floating opaque disc is placed on the (d) 4
surface of water so that light from the source

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34. The power of a biconvex lens is 10 dioptre
is not visible from the surface. The minimum and the radius of curvature of each surface is

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diameter of the disc is 10 cm. Then the refractive index of the material
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2h of the lens is
(a) (b) 2h(m2 – 1 1/2
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(µ − 1)1 / 2
2 3 4 9 5

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(a) (b) (c) (d)
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h 2 3 8 3
(d) h(m2 – 1 1/2
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(c)
2(µ 2 − 1)1 / 2 35. A vessel of depth x is half filled with oil of
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refractive index m1 and the other half is filled

28. Critical angle for light going from medium
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or

with water of refractive index m2. The apparent

(i) to (ii) is . The speed of light in medium (i) is
depth of the vessel when viewed from above is
v, then the speed of light in medium (ii) is
x µ1µ 2
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x(µ1 + µ 2 )
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v (a) (b)
(a) v(1 – c s ) (b) 2µ1µ 2 2(µ1 + µ 2 )
sin θ
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v v x µ1µ 2 2 x(µ1 + µ 2 )
(c) (d) (c) (d)
cosθ (1 − sin θ) (µ1 + µ 2 ) µ1µ 2
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29. A ray of light passes through an equilateral 36. There are certain material developed in
B

prism (refractive index 1.5) such that angle of laboratories which have a negative refractive
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incidence is equal to angle of emergence and the index. A ray incident from air (medium 1) into
latter is equal to 3/4th of the angle of prism. The such a medium (medium 2) shall follow a path
y,
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angle of deviation is given by

m

(a) 60 (b) 30 (c) 45 (d) 120

30. A concave lens is placed in contact with (a) (b)
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a convex lens of focal length 25 cm. The

combination produces a real image at a distance
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of 80 cm, If an object is at a distance of 40 cm,

the focal length of concave lens is
(c) (d)
A

(a – 400 c ( – 00 c
(c) + 400 cm (d) + 200 cm
S
B
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 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 25

37. A point luminous object (O) is at a distance light is replaced with that of other lights without
h from front face of a glass slab of width d and changing the angle of incidence?
of refractive index m. On the back face of the slab (a) The beam of red light would undergo total
is a reflecting plane mirror. An observer sees internal reflection.
the image of object in mirror [figure]. Distance (b) The beam of red light would bend towards
of image from front face as seen by observer normal while it gets refracted through the
will be second medium.
(c) The beam of blue light would undergo total
Observer
internal reflection.

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O
h (d) The beam of green light would bend away
from the normal as it gets refracted through

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d the second medium.

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39. An astronomical refractive telescope has an

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2d objective of focal length 20 m and an eyepiece of
(a) h + (b) 2h + 2d
µ focal length 2 cm. Then

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d (a) the magnification is 1000.
(c) h + d (d) h +

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µ (b) the length of the telescope tube is 20.02 m

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38. You are given four sources of light each one (c) the image formed is inverted

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r vi i a li a si le c l r – re l e (d) all of these.

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green and yellow. Suppose the angle of refraction 40. A compound microscope consists of an

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for a beam of yellow light corresponding to a
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objective lens with focal length 1.0 cm and eye
particular angle of incidence at the interface piece of focal length 2.0 cm and a tube length

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of two media is 90 . Which of the following 20 cm the magnification will be
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statements is correct, if the source of yellow (a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 250 (d) 300
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Case Based MCQs

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Case I : Read the passage given below and answer What will be the location of the image?
the following questions from 41 to 45. (a) 30 cm right of lens (b) 60 cm right of lens
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Refraction Through Lens (c) 70 cm left of lens (d) 40 cm left of lens

A convex or converging lens is thicker at the 42. Two thin lenses are in contact and the focal
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centre than at the edges. It converges a parallel length of the combination is 80 cm. If the focal
beam of light on refraction through it. It has
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length of one lens is 20 cm, the focal length of

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a real focus. Convex lens is of three types :

the other would be.
(i) Double convex lens (ii) Plano-convex lens
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(a – c ( 0c
(iii) Concavo-convex lens. Concave lens is thinner
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at the centre than at the edges. It diverges a (c) 80 cm (d) 20 cm

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parallel beam of light on refraction through it. 43. A spherical air bubble is embedded in a piece
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It has a virtual focus. of glass. For a ray of light passing through the
y,

41. A point object O is placed at a distance of bubble, it behaves like a

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0.3 m from a convex lens (focal length 0.2 m) cut (a) converging lens
m

into two halves each of which is displaced by (b) diverging lens

0.0005 m as shown in figure. (c) plano-converging lens
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(d) plano-diverging lens

44. Lens used in magnifying glass is
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(a) Concave lens

(b) Convex lens
A

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) Neither concave lens nor convex lens
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B
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 26 CBSE Board Term-II Physics Class-12

45. The magnification of an image by a convex distinct vision, will be

lens is positive only when the object is placed (a 3 4 c ( – c
(a) at its focus F (c –1 c ( c
(b) between F and 2F
47. How far from the objective should an object
(c) at 2F
be placed in order to obtain the condition
(d) between F and optical centre
described in Q.No. 46?
Case II : Read the passage given below and (a) 4.5 cm (b) 2.5 cm
answer the following questions from 46 to 49.
(c) 1.5 cm (d) 3.0 cm
Compound Microscope

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48. The intermediate image formed by the
A compound microscope is an optical instrument
objective of a compound microscope is

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used for observing highly magnified images of
tiny objects. Magnifying power of a compound (a) real, inverted and magnified

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(b) real, erect, and magnified

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microscope is defined as the ratio of the angle

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subtended at the eye by the final image to the (c) virtual, erect and magnified
angle subtended at the eye by the object, when (d) virtual, inverted and magnified.

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both the final image and the object are situated
49. The magnifying power of a compound

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at the least distance of distinct vision from the
microscope increases when
eye. It can be given that : m = me × mo, where me

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is magnification produced by eye lens and mo is (a) the focal length of objective lens is increased

an
magnification produced by objective lens. and that of eye lens is decreased.

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Consider a compound microscope that consists (b) the focal length of eye lens is increased and

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of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and
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an eyepiece of focal length 6.25 cm separated (c) focal lengths of both objective and eye-piece

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by a distance of 15 cm. are increased.
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46. The object distance for eye-piece, so that (d) focal lengths of both objective and eye-piece
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are decreased.

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final image is formed at the least distance of
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Assertion & Reasoning Based MCQs
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For question numbers 50-55, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R).
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Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
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(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
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(d) A is false and R is also false

50. Assertion (A) : Higher is the refractive
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53. Assertion(A):Ifopticaldensityofasubstance
is more than that of water, then the mass density
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index of a medium or denser the medium, lesser

B

is the velocity of light in that medium. of substance can be less than water.
Reason (R) : Refractive index is inversely Reason (R) : Optical density and mass density
et

are not related.

y,

proportional to velocity.
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54. Assertion (A) : Microscope magnifies the

51. Assertion (A) : Convergent lens property of image.
m

converging remains same in all media. Reason (R) : Angular magnification for image
Reason (R) : Property of lens whether the ray is more than object in microscope.
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is diverging or converging is independent of the 55. Assertion (A) : A double convex lens
surrounding medium. (m = 1.5) has focal length 10 cm. When the lens
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52. Assertion (A) : Endoscopy involves use of is immersed in water (m = 4/3) its focal length
becomes 40 cm.
optical fibres to study internal organs.
1 µ g − µm  1 1 
A

Reason (R) : Optical fibres are based on Reason (R) : = −

phenomena of total internal reflection. f µ m  R1 R2 
S
B
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 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 27

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSA)

1. When a monochromatic light travels from 7. For the same value of angle of incidence, the
one medium to another its wavelength changes angles of refraction in three media A, B and C
but frequency remains the same. Explain. are 1 a 3 res ec ivel ic e ia
2. When red light passing through a convex

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would the velocity of light be minimum?
lens is replaced by light of blue colour, how will
8. A biconvex lens made of a transparent

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the focal length of the lens change?
material of refractive index 1.25 is immersed
3. Under what condition does a biconvex lens

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in water of refractive index 1.33. Will the lens

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of glass having a certain refractive index act as

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a plane glass sheet when immersed in a liquid? behave as a converging or a diverging lens? Give
4. How does the angle of minimum deviation reason.

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of a glass prism vary, if the incident violet light 9. An optical instrument uses an objective

ce
is replaced by red light? lens of power 100 D and an eyepiece of power

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5. A compound microscope is used because a 40 D. The final image is formed at infinity when

an
realistic simple microscope does not have the tube length of the instrument is kept at 20 cm.

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magnification.
Identify the optical instrument.

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6. i le ses er –4 a are
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placed in contact coaxially. Find the focal length 10. What is the angle of incidence for maximum

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of the combination. deviation through a prism?
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Short Answer Type Questions (SA-I)

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Ed

11. A ray of light falls on a transparent sphere 14. Calculate the focal length of a biconvex lens
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with centre C as shown in the figure. The ray if the radii of its surfaces are 60 cm and 15 cm,
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emerges from the sphere parallel to the line AB. and index of refraction of the lens glass = 1.5.
or

Find the angle of refraction at A if refractive 15. Draw the image, when an object is kept
index of the material of the sphere is 3 .
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beyond the focal point of a convex lens.

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Air Air 16. Draw the image, when an object is placed

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A B between the focus and pole of a convex lens.

60° C
17. A thin prism of angle A = 6° r ces a
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deviation = 3° i e re rac ive i e

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B

the material of prism.

12. A concave lens of refractive index 1.5 is
immersed in a medium of refractive index 1.65. 18. A parallel beam of light is incident on a thin
et

What is the nature of the lens? lens as shown. The radius of curvature of both
y,
G

surfaces is R. Determine the focal length of this

13. When a ray passes a glass slab of thickness t
system.
m

at an angle i with an angle of refraction r, what !1 !2 !3

is the lateral shift of the emergent ray?
de

i
1
ca

R R
r
2 r
t 19. A point object O is kept in air as shown. The
radius of the curved part is 20 cm and medium
A

1 on the other side is of refractive index 1.33. Find

i
the image distance.
S
B
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 28 CBSE Board Term-II Physics Class-12

A fish in the tank is rising upward

along the same line with speed
8 cm/s.
[Take : mwater = 4/3] Find :
(i) speed of the image of fish as
seen by the bird directly
20. A bird in air is diving vertically over a tank (ii) speed of image of bird relative to the fish
with speed 9 cm/s. Base of the tank is silvered. looking upwards.

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Short Answer Type Questions (SA-II)

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21. A coin 2 cm in diameter is embedded in a 26. A small bulb (assumed to be a point source)

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solid glass ball of radius 30 cm. The index of is placed at the bottom of a tank containing
refraction of the ball is 1.5, and the coin is 20 cm water to a depth of 80 cm. Find out the area of

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from the surface. Find the position and height the surface of water through which light from

ce
of the image of the coin. the bulb can emerge. Take the value of the
refractive index of water to be 4/3.

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22. What is the difference in the construction

an
of an astronomical telescope and a compound 27. (a) Obtain relation between the critical

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microscope? The focal lengths of the objective and angle of incidence and the refractive index of
the medium.

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eyepiece of a compound microscope are 1.25 cm
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and 5.0 cm, respectively. Find the position of the (b) Explain briefly how the phenomenon of total

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e
object relative to the objective in order to obtain internal reflection is used in fibre optics.
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an angular magnification of 30 when the final 28. Three rays of light red (R), green (G) and
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image is formed at the near point. blue (B) fall normally on one of the sides of

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23. Define power of a lens. Write its units. an isosceles right angled prism as shown. The
Ed

1 1 1 refractive index of prism for these rays is 1.39,

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Deduce the relation = + for two thin

f f1 f2 1.44 and 1.47 respectively. Find which of these
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lenses kept in contact coaxially. rays get internally reflected and which get only
refracted from AC. Trace the paths of rays.
24. (a) State the necessary conditions for
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Justify your answer with the help of necessary

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producing total internal reflection of light.

calculations.
(b) Draw ray diagrams to show how specially
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designed prisms make use of total internal

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reflection to obtain inverted image of the object

Fo

by deviating rays (i) through 90° a (ii r

B

180°.
et

25. Which two of the following lenses L1, L2,

y,

and L3 will you select as objective and eyepiece

G

for constructing best possible (i) telescope 29. (a) A small telescope has an objective lens
m

(ii) microscope? Give reason to support your of focal length 140 cm and an eyepiece of focal
answer. length 5.0 cm. Find the magnifying power of the
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telescope for viewing distant objects when

Lens Power (P) Aperture (A)
(i) the telescope is in normal adjustment,
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L1 6D 1 cm (ii) the final image is formed at the least distance

L2 3D 8 cm of distinct vision.
(b) Also find the separation between the objective
A

L3 10 D 1 cm lens and the eyepiece in normal adjustment.

S
B
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 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 29

30. Find the equivalent focal length of the 32. A sphere of radius R is made of material
combination of lens. of refractive index m2. Where would an object
R R
R !w R be placed so that a real image is formed at
!g !
g equidistant from the sphere?
air air

m1 m2
glass glass
O R I
water m2

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31. An isosceles prism has one of the refracting
33. Draw a ray diagram to show the image

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surface silvered. A ray of light is incident
normally on the refracting face AB. After two formation by a combination of two thin convex

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reflections the ray emerges from the base of the lenses in contact. Obtain the expression for the

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prism perpendicular to it. Find the angle of the power of this combination.
prism.

/Q

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Long Answer Type Questions (LA)

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34. (a) A point object is placed in front of 35. (a) Plot a graph for angle of deviation as a

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a double convex lens (of refractive index function of angle of incidence for a triangular

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prism.
n = n2/n1 with respect to air) with its spherical
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faces of radii of curvature R 1 and R 2 . Show (b) Deduce the expression for the refractive

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the path of rays due to refraction at first and index of glass in terms of angle of prism and
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angle of minimum deviation.

subsequently at the second surface to obtain the
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36. (a) Define magnifying power of a telescope.

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formation of the real image of the object. Hence
Write its expression.
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ai e le s a er’s r la r a i le s
(b) A small telescope has an objective lens of focal
n

(b) A double convex lens having both faces of

length 150 cm and an eye piece of focal length
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the same radius of curvature has refractive

or

5 cm. If this telescope is used to view a 100 m

index 1.55. Find out the radius of curvature high tower 3 km away, find the height of the
ed

of the lens required to get the focal length of

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final image when it is formed 25 cm away from

30 cm. the eye piece.
nd

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ra

Fo

From the figure,

B

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

u1 + v1 = 90 cm
µ2 µ1 µ2 − µ1
et

1. (b) : Using, − = v1 – u1 = 20 cm
y,

v u R
G

On solving,
Here, m1 = 1, m2 = 1.5, u = – 50 cm, R = 10 cm
m

1.5 1 (1.5 − 1) v1 = 55 cm, u1 = 35 cm

∴ − =
v ( −50) 10 From lens formula,
de

1.5 1 1 1
or = 0.05 − 0.02 = 0.03 v = 50 cm − =
v v u f
ca

2. (b) : The image of the object can be located on the 1 1 1 1 1 1

− = or + =
screen for two positions of convex lens such that u and v are 55 −35 f 55 35 f
A

exchanged. 55 × 35
⇒ f= = 21.4 cm
The separation between two positions of the lens is d = 20 cm 90
S
B
K