User Manual

Moisture Analyser
AGS series
Measuring method description

Ver. 1 2014-08-28
2 USER MANUAL

Contents:
1. General description 3
2. Completeness 3
3. Security rules 4
4. Environment protection 5
5. Technical data 5
6. Keys and indicators 6
7. Preparing moisture analyser to work 7
8. Interfaces 9
9. General working rules 9
10. Description of thermogravimetric analysis 10
10.1 Infrared radiation source 10
10.2 Infrared radiation drying description 10
10.3 Drawing and preparation of a sample 11
10.4 Tools requirements 11
10.5 Single-use pans 11
10.6 Placing a sample 11
10.7 Glass fibre filter 12
10.8 Selection of drying parameters to the sample material 12
10.9 Other practical notes 13
11. Moisture analyser functioning description 14
11.1 Switching on 14
11.2 Drier operation modes 15
11.3 Calculation methods 16
11.4 Drier operation parameters setting 17
11.4.1 Drying profiles 18
11.5 Moisture analyser settings storing 19
11.5.1 Saving settings 19
11.5.2 Loading saved settings 20
11.6 Initial moisture analysis 21
11.7 Proper moisture analysis 23
11.8 Internal thermometer indications correction 24
12. Connecting to a computer or a printer 27
13. Testing and calibration of the balance 29
14. Moisture analyser as a balance 31
14.1 Units 31
14.2 Auto-zeroing 32
14.3 Calibration 33
15. Maintenance and repairs of small defects 35
Declaration of Conformity 37
Drying parameters for different substances (examples) 38
 USER MANUAL 3

1. General description
AGS series moisture analyser is destined for fast and precise moisture determination.
The moisture analyser is based on two cooperating devices: the balance, used to
measure current sample weight, and the dryer, which dries the sample using halogen
heaters. Drying parameters may be set according to user preferences. See appendix.
Moisture analysers are mainly destined for use in quality control in food industry,
building materials industry, biotechnology, pharmacy, environment protection and
others.
Moisture analysers may be also used as laboratory balances for routine weighing
(without drying).

2. Completeness
Standard package consists of:
1. Moisture analyser,
2. Pan shield, pan support, pan handle,
3. Single-use pans – 10 pcs,
4. Power supply cord,
5. User manual,
6. Guarantee card.

Options on demand:
6. PT-105 control thermometer with GT-105 sk-8 probe (silicon cable, 160°C) or with
GT-105 so-8 probe (cable with steel braid)
7. Distance sleeve 15mm – 1 piece
4 USER MANUAL

3. Security rules

To avoid electrical shock or damage of the moisture

analyzer or connected peripheral devices, it is necessary
to follow the security rules below.

 To feed the analyser use only mains socket with ground contact.
 Dryer chamber cover heats up to 40°C, but perforated cover at the top may
heat up over 60°C. Do not touch the cover top during drying as it may cause
severe burns!
 During heating, the halogen heaters warm up to very high temperature. Avoid
touching the heaters as it may cause severe burns!
 All repairs and necessary regulations can be made by authorised personnel
only.
 Do not use the analyser when its cover is opened.
 Do not use the analyser in explosive conditions.
 Do not use the analyser in high humidity.
 If the device seems not to operate properly, plug it out of the mains and do not
use it until checked by authorised service.
 USER MANUAL 5

4. Environment protection

According to legal regulations it if forbidden to dispose

wasted electronic equipment in waste containers.

 Please return wasted device to the point of purchase or other company

specialised in recycling of wasted electronic components.

5. Technical data
Technical data Moisture analyzers
Model AGS200/T250
Range (Max) 200g
Readout unit (d) 1mg
Work temperature +18 + +33°C
Humidity readout precision 0,01%
Humidity results repeatibility for sample 2g … ± 0,3%, for 5g … ±0,06%
Drying maximal temperatura 250°C
Sample time 1 ÷ 180s
Maximal drying time 10h
Halogen radiators 2 x 500W 118mm
Chamber heating time up to 100°C about 1 min.
Pan dimensions ɸ 90mm
Connections Rs232C (for computer and printer), USB (for computer), PS2 (for computer keyboard)
Dimensions (with legs) 215(235)x345x200mm
Drying chamber dimensions ɸ 108 x 20mm
Supply ̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴ 110V 60Hz 300VA
Weight 7 kg
Recommended calibration weifht (OIML) F2 200g
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6. Keys and indicators

T = 24,35 C
m = 4,321g
t = 0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g %
START SET RAP MEM STOP

T - tare (subtract package weight from weighed mass)

I/ - switch- on / switch-off (standby),
ENTER - confirmation / select the option,
CLR - cancel operation
. - decimal point,
1/F1 - digit key 1 / START – start measurement (drying),
2/F2 - digit key 2 / SETTINGS – moisture measurement parameters
setting,
3/F3 - digit key 3 / STAT – drying chart, measurement report,
4/F4 - digit key 4 / MEM – settings memory,
5/F5 - digit key 5 / STOP – instant drying termination,
6/0 - digit key 6 / zeroing (optional)
7/ - digit key 7 / printout (data transmission),
8/ - digit key 8 / autocalibration (unused function),
9/MENU - digit key 9 / enter the function menu
0/ - digit key 0 / mode switching (analyser – balance)
> - enter the option,
< - leave the option,
∧ - navigation / move the cursor up,
∨ - navigation / move the cursor down,
indicator - result stabilisation,
bar indicator - total load indicator (0-100%),
indicator OFF - stand-by mode (when switched-off with I/ , key),
Max, Min, d, e - metrologic parameters.
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7. Preparing moisture analyser to work

During heating, the halogen heaters 1 warm up to very high
temperature. When drying chamber is opened avoid touching the
heaters as it may cause severe burns or damage the heaters!

Dryer chamber cover 3 heats up to 40°C, but perforated cover may

heat up over 60°C. Do not touch the top cover during drying as it may
cause severe burns!

1 2 3
1 – halogen heaters
7 2 – temperature sensor
3 – chamber cover
4 – dryer chamber
6 5 – pan plate
6 – single-use pan grip
7 – single-use pa
8 – distance stake
5 9 – regulated legs
10 – level
4

10

1. Take all contents out of a package: the moisture analyser and packed separately: the
tin pan shield, single use pans, the pan handle and the pan support. It is
recommended to keep the original moisture analyzer package in order to transport
the moisture analyzer safely in future
2. Place the moisture analyzer on a stable ground not affected by mechanical vibrations
and airflows.
3. Level the moisture analyzer with rotating legs 9 so that the air bubble in water-level
10 at the back of the moisture analyzer is in the middle and the moisture analyser
rests on all four legs.
4. Open the dryer chamber with the handle at the front. Put the pan shield 4 on three
distance sleeves 8. Gently insert the pan support 5 into the mechanism hole.
5. Place a single use pan 7 on the pan handle 6 and put the pan on the pan support
(the handle should rest on the pan shield so that it does not touch the pan or the pan
support).
6. Close the drying chamber cover 3 and plug the device to the mains (230V).
8 USER MANUAL

7. After self-tests and result stabilisation zero indication is displayed. The dryer starts
initial heating (signalised with an appropriate communicate). After initial heating the
moisture analyser is ready to work.

When temperature during initial heating exceeds 105°C or heating

time is longer than 1 minute, terminate initial heating with CLR key and
check if the temperature sensor 2 works properly and if both halogen
heaters light 1 (see chapter 15).
In case any defect occurs contact an authorised service point.

8. The moisture analyzer should not be used to weigh ferromagnetic materials due to
accuracy decrease.
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8. Interfaces
The moisture analyser is equipped with RS232C interface to connect a printer or a
computer and with PS2 port to connect an external computer keyboard.

RS232C PS2

1 Clock
2
RxD (receiver) 7 6 5
TxD (transmitter) 3 4 3
8 2 1
4 +5V GND
5
GND
Data
case

9. General working rules

During transportation remove the pan, the pan support and the pan
shield and place it in a separate package.

1. Distribute a sample all over the pan. A sample surface should not touch temperature
sensor placed above the pan.
2. The balance is equipped with the tare equal to its range. To tare the balance press
T key. Writing the tare does not extend measuring range, but only subtracts the
tare value from a load placed on the pan. To make weight control easier and to avoid
range overdrawing, the balance is equipped with weight indicator (graduated in
percentages).
3. Do not overload the moisture analyzer more then 20% of maximum load (Max).
4. The mechanism of the balance is a precise device sensitive to mechanical strokes
and shocks. Do not press the pan with a hand.
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10. Description of thermogravimetric analysis

This section gives some practical details about moisture analysis using infrared
radiation for reliable results and easier use of moisture analyser. The description is
based on a pre-production experience and customers‟ suggestions.
Moisture in substances is an essential quality factor of technical and economical
importance.
Methods of determining moisture may be grouped in two main categories: absolute and
deductive.
Absolute methods are based on simple relations, e.g. weight decline during drying.
Thermogravimetric analysis used in AXIS moisture analyser is an example of this
method.
Deductive (indirect) methods measure physical quantity related with moisture, e.g.
electromagnetic waves absorption, electrical conductance, acoustic wave speed. Some
of these methods, unlike thermogravimetric analysis, enable to determine water content.
Thermogravimetry - lat. thermo – heat, gravi – weight, metry – method
Thermogravimetric analysis – a process of determination of a substance mass
decline as a result of heat-up. The sample is weighed before and after heating-up, the
difference is calculated in relation to initial weight or final weight (dry mass).
Moisture in substances
Thermogravimetric analysis includes all ingredients evaporating from substances during
heating-up, which results in weight decrease.
In result of the above, determining of moisture content in substances is not equal water
content. Beside water, moisture consists of all other volatile matter: fats, alcohol,
aromas, organic dissolvent and other substances resultant as en effect of thermal
decomposition.
Thermogravimetric analysis does not distinguish water from other volatile matters.
Infrared radiation drying is more effective than traditional methods (e.g. in an oven) as
the radiation deeply penetrates the substance, which shortens drying time.

10.1 Infrared radiation source

ADS series moisture analyser uses 2 halogen heaters (rated power 200W, l=118mm) in
serial connection as a radiation source. The heaters emit also visible radiation, which
does not affect drying process.

10.2 Infrared radiation drying description

Sample drying is a result of absorption of infrared radiation, which results in sample
temperature increase and evaporation of volatile matters.
Infrared radiation penetrates surface layers, the depth depends on penetrability of a
sample (different in various substances). Part of radiation is reflected by the sample
surface. Penetrated layers absorb the radiation and convert its energy into heat. Emitted
heat propagates inside the sample. Effectiveness of the propagation depends on
thermal conductivity of the sample. The better the conductivity, the faster drying process
and volatile matter evaporation. During drying process sample parameters change, its
thermal conductivity decreases so there is a risk of burning the sample. Some
parameters may be estimated “by sight”, e.g. smooth and light surfaces reflect radiation
better. This must be taken into account when setting drying parameters.
 USER MANUAL 11

10.3 Drawing and preparation of a sample

As sample of given substance must be representative, drawing and preparing a sample
is very important process as it affects repeatability of measurements. The most common
method of homogenizing a sample is mixing. The other method is to draw few samples
from different but specific points in a substance and calculate an average value.
Another – to draw few samples from different points in a substance, mix them and draw
a sample from the mixed samples.
Sampling method depends on the object of a research. For quality purpose many
representative samples are analysed. In production control it is enough to assure
sampling repeatability, which enables to study a tendency.
While preparing and drawing, it is important that the sample does not absorb moisture
from the environment – it is advised that operation time is as short as possible.
If it is necessary to analyse more than one sample at the same time, the samples
should be closed in plastic bags or other isolated containers. Give attention that
samples must not lose moisture inside the container (the container should not consist of
to much air, the moisture condensed on the sides of the container should be mixed with
the sample again).
10.4 Tools requirements
Tools and instruments used in preparation process may affect measurement accuracy,
so it is advised not to use tools that transmit heat, as it makes the sample lose moisture
before analysis.
Use only special mills and pestles.
In case of liquids with consisting of solid materials use a glass mixer, a spoon or a
magnetic mixer.

10.5 Single-use pans

To analyse the moisture, put a sample on a single-use pan and place it in the dryer
chamber.
Using non-reusable pan helps to avoid false results by remains of previous samples.
10 single use pans are provided with the moisture analyser. Any quantity may be
delivered on demand.
10.6 Placing a sample
A sample should be placed uniformly all over the pan, so that heat propagates equally
all over the sample and dries whole sample effectively and quickly without leaving “wet”
places.

Correct Incorrect
12 USER MANUAL

Attention:
Due to temperature sensor localisation, max sample height is 10mm.
When substance ply is too thick, surface layers will be heated too much and internal –
not enough. This may result in burning the sample or surface incrustation, which will
make drying process difficult and measuring result false.
A sample should be placed in uniformed layers 2†5mm thick, weighing 5†15g,
depending on a substance.
10.7 Glass fibre filter
When drying liquids, pastes or substances that may melt or loose liquid during drying, it
is advised to use glass fibre filters.
Filters ensure equal liquid distribution or, in case solid materials, avoiding burning a
sample.
10.8 Selection of drying parameters to the sample material

Selection of proper temperature and drying time is essential to achieve precise humidity
measurement. Drying parameters are selected properly if repeatability is on satisfactory
level, usually between 0,11%.
Parameters choice should be made in 3 steps:

Step 1: Drying temperature is related to the physico-chemical properties of the sample.

It is determined by the number of tests carried out in several successive temperatures,
e.g., at intervals of 10 ° C. Proper temperature is the highest value for which the sample
for a few minutes does not change color and smell. Changing the color or odor indicates
the start of the oxidation of the sample, which changes the properties of the sample,
which usually affects the measurement accuracy.

Step 2: Weight of sample used should be large enough to use the entire surface of the
pan, however, the thinner the layer of sample the better the drying process proceeds.
The top and bottom layers of the material should be dried similarly at the same time. If
the material is covered with shell and some moisture is trapped in the material, user
should disintegrate the material or reduce the drying temperature. For liquid materials
is preferable to use filter which accelerates the drying.

Step 3: Select drying time to chosen mass of sample. To do this, set the moisture
analyzer‟s drying time as long as possible and observe the drying process. Minimum
drying time is the one at which the sample doesn‟t change its weight by more than
allowed by the examiner measurement error. Proper drying time is designated minimum
drying time with reserve. The percentage value of the reserve must exceed the mass of
the sample dispersion - the drying sample time is proportional to the mass of the
sample.

After a few measurements with the designated drying parameters and making sure that
the reproducibility of the results is satisfactory user can proceed to optimize the
measurement time by selecting favorable Drying profile and using Short measurement
mode. Of course you should check that the reproducibility of the results was not
seriously affected.
Sample values for the most common materials are given in the Appendix, however, be
regarded only as preliminary data and it is recommended to carry out the procedure for
parameters selection for the test material.
 USER MANUAL 13

10.9 Other practical notes

It is preferable to work with the same mass of the sample at each measurement to
measure the size of the sample in a reproducible way. It is best to use the same
instruments for the application of the sample.
Put a sample on the pan as quickly as possible to avoid losing moisture.
Temperature inside the chamber is much higher than outside, so the sample may
evaporate partly before measurement begins, which will result in a false result.
When analysing the same substance quantity in successive measurements, use the
same tools to put a sample to be sure that samples are each time of the same size.
Before putting a sample, tare a single-use pan and take it out of the chamber. Right
after putting a sample on the pan, place it inside the analyser chamber, close the
chamber and press START.
Be sure that no dirt sticks under the pan, as it may increase sample weight and result in
false values.
14 USER MANUAL

11. Moisture analyser functioning description

11.1 Switching on
After switching-on the moisture analyser proceeds with self-tests.

model INITIALIZATION program version

CPU
EEPROM
...
...

After completing self-tests, the analyser is tared and the dryer begins initial heating
necessary to create thermal conditions suitable for measurements.

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s

T= 32.23C
m=0.000g

INITIAL HEATING

Initial heating should warm the drying chamber up to 105°C within 1 minute.
When temperature during initial heating exceeds 105°C or heating time is longer than 1
minute, terminate initial heating with CLR key and check if the analyser is not damaged
(see chapter 15).
After initial heating is completed (or terminated), the device displays the following
information:

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C tp= 10s

T = 32.23C
m= 0.000g
t =0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
0.00 %
START SET RAP MEM STOP

Legend:
m0-m/m0*100% - formula used to calculate the moisture
Ts – defined drying temperature
ts – defined drying time
T – current temperature in the drying chamber
m – current weight,
t – current drying time
m0 – initial weight
- indicator of drying profile
 USER MANUAL 15

11.2 Drier operation modes

During the balance – drier operation sampling of the mass on the pan takes place.
Sampling time is set by the user, according to drying process speed. As a result of
sampling the current humidity value is calculated and displayed. Measurement is
finished depending on selected Drying mode:
1. In Time mode total humidity measurement time (Drying time) is defined by the user,
2. In Short mode humidity measurement is finished, when drying is stopped and
differences of a few successive mass samples are smaller than threshold value (2 mg).
Amount of successive samples taken into consideration is defined as Samples quantity.
Measurement is finished when Drying time is exceeded at the latest.

Stop
m <2mg

>2mg

Start Ts
Qualifying amount t
(3 samples)

Drying chart in Short mode for Samples quantity = 3.

16 USER MANUAL

11.3 Calculation methods

Humidity may be calculated upon the basis of various mathematic formulas, defined in
balance – drier as Calculation method:

1. Relative humidity, defined in relation to initial mass

w [%] = m0-m/m0*100% ,

where m0 – initial mass, m- current mass

2. Relative humidity, defined in relation to current mass
w [%] = m0-m/m*100% ,
3. Percent current mass content in sample
w [%] = m/ m0*100% .
Drying temperature is maximum temperature, measured by sensor, located in the dried
material vicinity. Note that the dried material temperature may be higher than its
surrounding temperature.
 USER MANUAL 17

11.4 Drier operation parameters setting

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s

Select Settings option by pressing F2
T = 32.23C key.
m = 0.000g
t = 0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
START SET RAP
0.00 %
MEM STOP
and ∨
successive menu positions
selected, e.g. Mode.
are

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

SETTINGS
To go to options selection press
1. Drying temp. : 60C ENTER.
2. Mode : Time mode
Appropriate option, e.g. Time mode,
3. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100%
4. Samples quantity : 2 is selected with the navigation keys <
5. Sampling interval : 10s and >. Selected option is accepted
6. Drying time : 0:00:10s after pressing ENTER.
7. Drying profiles Set the following positions:
8. Settings storing : 1
- Operation Mode – Time mode or
ENTER
short mode,
- Calculation method – humidity
SETTINGS calculation formula,
- Drying temperature –temperature in
1. Drying temp. : 60C drying chamber),..
2. Mode : Time mode - Samples quantity (2, 3, 4 or 5) –
3. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100%
4. Samples quantity : 2 amount deciding of drying end (in
5. Sampling interval : 10s case of Short mode only)
6. Drying time : 0:00:10s - Sampling interval – interval
7. Drying profiles between successive mass
8. Settings storing : 1
measurements (1180s.),
- Drying time (1s 10h) (in Short
< > ENTER mode it will be the maximum
allowable time for drying process)
- Drying profile – (standard, slow,
step or quick type)
SETTINGS - Settings storing– number of
1. Drying temp. : 60C memory location (110), where the
2. Mode : Time mode settings will be stored.
3. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100% To finish settings, select Exit and
4. Samples quantity : 2 press ENTER.
5. Sampling interval : 10s
6. Drying time : 0:00:10s
7. Drying profiles
8. Settings storing : 1
9.Temp. correction
10. Exit

Note: All defined parameters are stored in the memory until the next changed (also
after unplugging the device from the mains).
18 USER MANUAL

11.4.1 Drying profiles

DRYING PROFILES
1. Drying temp. : 120C Drying profile will be used to
2. Mode : Short mode optimization of drying process by
3. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100% accommodation a process to
4. Samples quantity : 2 samples
physical properties of sample
5. Sampling interval : 10s
6. Drying time : 0:10:00s material.
7. Drying profiles : standard
8. Settings storing : 1
Step or slow profile can be used to
9. Temp. correction
oxidizing or surfaces thicken
materials. Quick profile can be used
ENTER
to immune materials.

DRYING PROFILES Profile chooses and his parameters

should be the result of experience
Drying profile : <standard> with the test material.
T=120C T
Exit
120C Selected a drying profile by ENTER
key, choose a adequate profile
(standard, slow, step or quick) and
t
set a temperature (T) and time (t)
value.

DRYING PROFILES
Drying profile : <slow>
t1=100s T
Exit
120C

t1

DRYING PROFILES
Drying profile : <step>
t1=100s
T1=60C T
t2=100s 120C
T2=90C
Exit t1 t2
t

Caution:
DRYING PROFILES
Drying profile : <quick> The ending temperature can be
t1=100s setting on Standard profile or Setting
T1=140C T T1 (Main menu) only
Exit 120C

t1
t .
 USER MANUAL 19

11.5 Moisture analyser settings storing

The moisture analyser enables to save 10 different drying settings. Saved settings are
kept in the memory even after unplugging moisture analyzer from the mains.

11.5.1 Saving settings

To save drying settings follow the instructions below:

ms-ma/ms*100% T=120C ts= 0:10:00s

Press F2 key to choose SET option.
T = 32.23C
m = 0.000g
t = 0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
START SET RAP MEM STOP

SETTINGS
1. Mode : Time mode
2. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100%
3. Drying temp. : 60C Set necessary drying settings (see
4. Samples quantity : OFF
5. Sampling interval : 10s chapter 11.4).
6. Drying time : 0:00:10s Select Settings storing option using ∧
7. Drying profiles .
8. Settings storing : 1
Exit and ∨ and press ENTER to accept

< > ENTER

SETTINGS
1. Mode : Time mode Choose a reference number for
2. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100% specific setting using < and > keys
3. Drying temp. : 60C and press ENTER to accept. Than
4. Samples quantity : OFF chose Exit and press ENTER.
5. Sampling interval : 10s
6. Drying time : 0:00:10s
7. Drying profiles
8. Settings storing : <2>
Exit

< > ENTER

SETTINGS
To save settings choose YES and
Save settings? press ENTER to accept.
NO
YES

ENTER
20 USER MANUAL

SETTINGS The analyser displays a short

communicate Saving.... After the
parameters are saved the analyser is
Saving . . . ready to work with new drying
parameters.

11.5.2 Loading saved settings

ms-ma/ms*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s To load saved settings, stored in the
memory, choose MEM option using
T = 32.23C F4 key.
m = 0.000g
t = 0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
START SET RAP MEM STOP

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

SETTINGS MEMORY Select a number of desired settings

using navigation keys < and >. Press
Memory location <1> ENTER to accept.
Settings

Time mode ts = 0:010:00s

m0-m/m0*100% Ts = 120C
Sq = 4 samples tp = 10s

< > ENTER

 USER MANUAL 21

11.6 Initial moisture analysis

To determine optimal drying parameters for unknown sample, it is recommended to
perform initial measurement with activated drying chart displaying. To do this, set the
following drying parameters (see Drying parameters setting):
- Operation Mode: Time mode
- Calculation method: m0-m/m0*100%
- Drying temperature:
organic substances: 80 - 120 0C
inorganic substances: 140 - 160 0C
- Samples quantity: do not set
- Sampling interval: 1 second
- Drying time: set time, after which the sample will be definitely dried
To activate displaying of drying chart, which will be visible on the display instead of
humidity indication, perform the following actions:

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s

Choose RAP option with F3 key,
T = 32.23C select Drying chart and press
m= 0.000g
t =0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
0.00 % ENTER.

START SET RAP MEM STOP

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

DRYING REPORT Choose Drying chart using ∧ and ∨

keys and press ENTER.
1. Drying chart : OFF
2. Product name :
3. Operator :
4. Notes :
5. Transmission : OFF
Exit

ENTER

Using < and > keys choose ON and

DRYING RAPORT press ENTER.
1. Drying chart : ON
2. Product name : Set the following positions:
3. Operator : - Product name,
4. Notes : - Operator,
5. Transmission : OFF
Exit
- Notes.
Use number keys or external key-
board with PS-2 socket (option).
< > ENTER
22 USER MANUAL

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s

When drying chart is visible, place a
T = 118.34C 30%
sample on the pan and choose
m = 0.592g
START option (F1 key). Drying
t = 0:04:33s
parameters and drying process chart
m0= 0.695g
are presented on the display.
START SET RAP MEM STOP

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

Observing drying process chart it is possible to evaluate its course and define time
required for complete drying. The chart shows 160 time samples on the X axis (for
longer times chart is scaled to 360 samples, 720, etc.) and humidity value according to
selected formula on the Y axis (chart is automatically scaled to 10%, 30%, 50%, etc.).
Selecting 1 s of sampling time allows for more precise chart.
Achieved chart allows for initial settings selection for main measurement. Drying
temperature should be selected according to dries material type, so the drying is
performed quickly and sample does not change colour. Material drying moment is
visible on the chart as drying characteristic bending. As Drying time for main humidity
measurement select time from the beginning to chart “flattening”. As the time axis is not
described on the chart, use “evaluation with high margin”. Too short drying time does
not allow to achieve precise humidity measurement results.
In case of Short mode, in main measurement select Sampling time, which allows to
include approx. 10 samples in time of characteristic bending. If drying is finished too
quickly, increase Samples quantity or Sampling time.

Notes:
1. Before main measurement remember about deactivating of chart displaying.
2. To improve operation it is possible to use Promas software (available on demand),
which generates precise drying chart.
 USER MANUAL 23

11.7 Proper moisture analysis

Before measurement carefully prepare the sample (as described in chapter Description
of Thermogravimetric Analysis) and set correct drying parameters (see chapter Working
Parameters Setting).

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s Place an empty single-use pan and

tare the balance with T key.
T = 32.23C Open the drying chamber and using
m= 0.000g the pan handle place the single-use
t =0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
0.00 % pan with the sample on the pan
support. Close the chamber.
START SET RAP MEM STOP SAMPLE

T

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s

Start the measurement choosing
T = 32.23C START option (F1 key).
m= 2.033g Drying in progress is signalised with
t =0:00:00s
m0= 2.033g
0.00 % alternating
communicate.
SAMPLE /DRYING

START SET RAP MEM STOP SAMPLE

Wait until END communicate

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 appears. Now read the result.

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s Attention: No STB communicate

and m0 sign in negative, marks
T = 32.23C
m= 2.013g
t =0:00:50s
1.00 %
acceptance of unstable initial mass
value m0, caused by pressing the
pan to chamber wall or by too fast
m0= 2.033g
sample drying, which can cause to
START SET RAP MEM STOP END measurement failures.

During the measurement the following information is displayed:

m0-m/m0*100% - mathematic formula used for calculations
T s – defined drying temperature
ts - defined drying time
T – current drying temperature
m – current weight
t – current drying time
m0 – initial weight
24 USER MANUAL

11.8 Internal thermometer indications correction

If necessary 2 point indication
m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s correction of internal moisture
T = 32.23C analyzer thermometer based on
m= 0.000g measurement made by external
t =0:00:00s
m0= 0.000g
0.00 %%
0.00
control thermometer is available
(inscribe temperature values T1 and
T2 and their equivalent values
START UST RAP PAM STOP measured by external thermometer
and then set Status to ON).
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

SETTINGS
1. Mode : Time mode
2. Calculation : m0-m/m0*100%
3. Drying temp. : 60C Chooose option Settings by pressing
4. Samples quantity : OFF F2 key.
5. Sampling interval : 10s
6. Drying time : 0:00:10s
7. Drying profiles : Slow
8. Settings storing : 1
9. Temp. correction : OFF By using navigation keys ∧ and ∨
Exit choose option Temp.correction
ENTER

In order to inscribe temperatures

CORRECTION TEMPERATURE
press ENTER key.
1. Device temp. T1 = In order to end setting option choose
2. Contr. temp. T1= Exit and press ENTER.
3. Device temp. T2 =
4. Contr. temp. T2=
5. Status <ON>
6. Exit

Maximal correction depth: 20oC.

Conditions:
- T2 > T1
- T1 i T2  160 oC (for AGS../T250: T1 i T2  250 oC)
- T2-T1  25 oC
If the conditions aren‟t fulfilled, during status change to ON, a error communicate will appear.

Suggested thermometer type: PT-105 with probe GT-105

 USER MANUAL 25

The way of entering control thermometer probe to moisture analyzer drying chamber:

2
100 o C
3
1

1 – control thermometer probe

2 – 15 mm distance sleeve that
ensures proper level above pan
3 – moisture analyzer internal sensor

Before executing temperature correction (inscribing T1 and T2 temperature) drying

cycle must be made with inscribed T1 temperature and drying time 15 minutes. Single-
use pan (a new one) should be put on the pan . When drying process is almost done
write down moisture analyzer temperature indication ( T value on the left side of
moisture analyzer display) and control thermometer indications.
Both indications are needed for correction:

CORRECTION TEMPERATURE
1. Device temp. T1 =
2. Contr. temp. T1=
3. Device temp. T2 =
4. Contr. temp. T2=
5. Status <ON>
6. Exit

Subsequently make drying cycle for T2 temperature (drying time as above 15 minutes)
and write down indications again.
This way both T2 indications are inscribed:

CORRECTION TEMPERATURE
1. Device temp. T1 =
2. Contr. temp. T1=
3. Device temp. T2 =
4. Contr. temp. T2=
5. Status <ON>
6. Exit
26 USER MANUAL

Moisture analyzer internal thermometer correction is made with internal thermometer

and control thermometer on the same level (11mm) above the sample.

Attention: The temperature indicated by thermometer situated on some level

above the sample can differ from real temperature of the sample. In this case if there
is a need for temperature indication correction simply lower the level of control
thermometer by removing distance sleeve.

During correction control thermometer can‟t touch the sample.

Correct: Uncorrect:
 USER MANUAL 27

11.9 Connecting to a computer or a printer

When drying process is finished measurement result can be printer or a computer via
RS232C interface.
Measuring data can be also completed with text information. To enter text descriptions it
is necessary to connect a computer keyboard to PS2 port at the back of the moisture
analyser.

m0-m/m0*100% Ts=120C ts= 0:10:00s

T = 32.23C
m= 2.033g
t =0:00:00s
m0= 2.033g 0.00 % Choose RAP option (F3 key).

START SET RAP MEM STOP SAMPLE

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

DRYING REPORT
Using navigation keys and ENTER
1. Drying chart : ON key choose Drying chart and disable
2. Product name :
3. Executive :
or enable printing and displaying the
4. Notes : chart.
5. Transmission : OFF
Exit

DRYING REPORT Set necessary options:

- Product name,
1. Drying chart : ON - Executive,
2. Product name :
3. Executive : - Notes.
4. Notes : and with the connected computer
5. Transmission : OFF keyboard enter text information for
Exit printed report. Use PS-2 socket.

Activation of Transmision option will

activate sending of all sampling
results through the RS232C port.
The may be printed by the printer or
stored in the computer, e.g. by the
Promas software.
28 USER MANUAL

A set of characters available using the keyboard while you use Product name,
Executive or Notes:

1 . , ‟ ? ! ” - ( ) @ / : _ ; + & % * = < > $ [ ] { }\ ~ ^ „ # |

2ABCabc
3DEFdef
4GHIghi
5JKLjkl
6MNOmno
7PGRSpgrs
8TUVtuv
9W XYZwxyz
0 space

Erasing the mark and move the cursor to the left: the navigation key <.

To print the drying report press key.

Drying started:
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - -
Date: 2004-06-10
Time.: 12:34:33
Serial number: 123456789

Drying parameters
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - -
Product
Drying temperature : 130C Mode
: Short mode
Calculation : m0-m/m0*100%
Finished : time over

Initial weight : 0.000 g

Final weight : 0.000 g
Drying time : 0:00:00s.
Sampling interval: : 10s
Moisture : 0.00%

NOTE:

The analysis proceeded by:

Signature ....................................

It is possible to set necessary serial port parameter values (8bit, 1stop, no parity,
4800bps). To use RS232C Settings option press  key (weighing mode) and pres
MENU key.
 USER MANUAL 29

12. Moisture analyzer menu diagram

All operations described in chapter 11 can also be executed using moisture analyzer
menu. In order to do that use MENU key and using navigation keys and ENTER key
choose proper options.

Menu diagram:
1. Drying settings 1. Drying temp.
2. Memory settings 2. Mode
3. Drying options 3. Calculation
4. Drying raport 4. Samples quantity
5. Configuration 5. Sampling interv.
6. Settings default 6. Drying time
7. Exit 7. Drying profile
8. Settings storing
9. Exit

1. Memory locat.

1. Average
2. Drying chart
3. Transmission
4. Temp. correction
5. Exit

1. Product name
2. Operator
3. Remarks
4. Print settings 1. Date
5. Exit 2. Time
3. Nr
4. Name
5. Drying temp.
6. Profile
7. Mode
8. Method
9. Finished
10. Initial weight
11. Final weight
12. Drying time
13. Sampling int.
14. Moisture
15. Quantity
16. Average
17. Remarks
1. Units 18. Performance
2. Auto-zeroing 19. Signature
3. Interface
4. LCD settings
5. Language <PL><ENG><DE><ESP><ITA><FRA>
6. Time&Date
7. Keyboard
8. Defaults
9. Calibration
10. Info MODEL
11. Exit S/N
SOFT
AXIS Sp. z o.o.
30 USER MANUAL

13. Testing and calibration of the balance

To check the weighing function of balance – drier, switch it to the simple weighing (
key) and check it by putting precisely weighed object, e.g. calibration weight F2 (OIML),
equal to device measurement range. In case of any inaccuracies perform the balance
calibration. It is performed by activating the calibration function, available in special
functions menu, and putting the calibration weight on the pan according to indications
on the display (see Sensitivity calibration function).
Control of humidity measurement precision requires use of standard substance –
disodium tartrate (di-Sodium tartrate dihydrate C4H4Na2O6*H2O). For the control use 5 g
sample, setting: short mode, calculations method: m/ m 0*100% , temperature 150oC,
sampling time 10 s, samples amount 4 and drying time 00:15:00s.
The result should be contained in range 15.61 – 15.71%.
 USER MANUAL 31

14. Moisture analyser as a balance

The moisture analyser may be also used as a normal balance. To switch between
analyser / weighing mode press  key.
In weighing mode MENU key opens a set of special functions. Standard functions are
described below. Other special functions may be delivered on demand.

14.1 Units
In order to change the unit used in balance and moisture analyzer use MENU key, in
Configuration window (User Menu window shows up when the normal weighing mode is
off).

USER MENU
1. Drying settings
2. Memory settings
3. Drying options CONFIGURATION
4. Drying report
5. Configuration 1. Units
6. Settings default 2. Auto-zeroing
7. Exit 3. Interface
4. LCD settings CONFIGURATION
5. Language
6. Time&date Carat [ct]
7. Keyboard Miligram [mg]
8. Defaults Gram [g]
9. Calibration
Kilogram [kg]
10. Info
Exit Pound [lb]
Ounce [oz]
Ounce troy [ozt]
Grain [gr]
Pennyweight [dwt]
Newton [N]
Exit

Choice of unit is made using navigation keys and ENTER key.

 32 USER MANUAL

14.2 Auto-zeroing

Auto-zeroing function causes that the close to zero indication will be corrected
automatically and when the pan is unbiased zero indication will be hold independently
even when environment conditions change (temperature, air density etc).

USER MENU
1. Drying settings
2. Memory settings
3. Drying options
4. Drying report
5. Configuration
6. Settings default
7. Exit
CONFIGURATION
1. Units
2. Auto-zeroing
3. Interface
4. LCD settings AUTO-ZEROING
5. Language
6. Time&date 1. Status: OFF
7. Keyboard 2. Exit
8. Defaults
9. Calibration AUTO-ZEROING
10. Info
Exit 1. Status: <ON> <OFF>
2. Exit

In order to turn on Auto-zeroing function use navigation keys and ENTER key, choose
Status ON.
 USER MANUAL 33

14.3 Calibration
Calibration with external weight standard should be performed in case indications
exceed permissible error (for example more than 5 graduation overflow). To scale
calibration use weight standard presented in technical data table (or more precise).
Depending on the value of gravity acceleration the producer sets the scale to specific
location of use.
If the location of use change the scale should be calibrated once again

Attention: Scale sensitivity error doesn‟t cause directly humidity error thanks to
percentage calculation formula.

In order to calibrate the balance use MENU key and Configuration option, and then
Calibration.

USER MENU
1. Drying settings
2. Memory settings
3. Drying options
4. Drying raport
5. Configuration
6. Settings default
7. Exit

CONFIGURATION
1. Units
2. Auto-zeroing
3. Interface CALIBRATION
4. LCD settings
5. Language 1. Calibration:
6. Time&date 2. Load : 100g
7. Keyboard 3. Exit
8. Defaults
9. Calibration CALIBRATION
10. Info
Exit 1. Calibration:
2. Load : <20g><50g><100g><...>
3. Exit

Load enables to inscribe standard mass value that will be used to calibrate. User can
choose from few values or inscribe his own value.

After setting the standard of mass prepare single-use pan, put the standard and choose
Calibration option by pressing ENTER.
34 USER MANUAL

CONFIGURATION
1. Units
2. Auto-zeroing
3. Interface
4. LCD settings
5. Language
6. Time&date
7. Keyboard
8. Defaults
9. Calibration
10. Info
Exit
CALIBRATION
1. Calibration:
2. Load : 100g
3. Exit

CALIBRATION
Please wait ...

CALIBRATION
Taring

CALIBRATION
Put load Put the standard of mass
on the pan.

CALIBRATION
Please wait ...

Displaying standard of
mass value means that
100.000g the calibration is done.
 USER MANUAL 35

15. Maintenance and repairs of small defects

1. A moisture analyser should be kept clean.
2. Take care that no dirt gets between the casing and the pan. If found any, remove
the pan (lift it up), remove dirt and then replace the pan.
3. In case of improper operation caused by a short-lasting power supply decay, unplug
the moisture analyzer from the mains and then plug it again after few seconds.
4. It is forbidden to make any repairs by unauthorised persons.
5. To repair the moisture analyzer, please contact an authorised service centre.
Moisture analyser can be sent for repair as messenger delivery only in original
package, if not, there is a risk of damaging the moisture analyzer and loosing
guarantee.

Measuring problems:
Problem Solution
Reduce temperature
A sample burns down Use glass fibre filter on the top of the sample
Reduce sample quantity and distribute it uniformly

Increase temperature
Drying lasts too long
Reduce sample mass

A sample loses weight

Take out the pan and put a sample outside the chamber
before measurement

A sample is liquid or paste Use glass fibre filter

A sample does not consist of

Enlarge a sample
enough volatile matters
36 USER MANUAL

Troubleshooting:
Display indication Possible cause Remedy
Initial heating Ts
temperature exceeds
The temperature sensor is Contact an authorised service
105°C, the sensor
damaged. point.
does not react when
touched with a finger
Initial heating Ts
temperature does not
reach 105°C, The heater is damaged. Replace the heater.
the halogen heater(s)
do not light.
Auto-tests in progress / wait for 1 minute
"Test ..."
electronic unit damage
wait for 1 minute
The moisture analyzer is during
check if the moisture analyzer is
"----" zeroing
placed on stable ground, not
/ mechanical damage
affected by vibrations
Tare key pressed during zero Moisture analyzer indications must
„Tare range exceeded”
indication be different than zero
„Zeroing range Permissible zeroing range was
Remove the load from the pan
exceeded” exceeded
„Weighing range Permissible weighing range
Reduce the load
exceeded” (Max +9e) was exceeded
Upper limit of analog-digital
„Measuring range
transducer measuring range was Remove the load from the pan
exceeded (+)”
exceeded
Lower limit of analog-digital
„Measuring range Check if there are all necessary
transducer measuring range was
exceeded (-)” pan elements
exceeded
 USER MANUAL 37

Declaration of Conformity
We:

AXIS Spółka z o.o. 80-125 Gdańsk, ul.Kartuska 375B, Poland

confirm with all responsibility that moisture analysers:

AGS60, AGS120 i AGS210

AGS60/T250, AGS120/T250, AGS210/T250

marked with CE mark comply with the following:

1. EN 61010-1 standard Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use. General requirements harmonized with the directive 73/23/EEC
(replaced by 2006/95/WE).
2. EN 55011:2001 + A2:2004 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Industrial, scientific and
medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment. Radio disturbance characteristics. Limits and
methods of measurement and EN 61000-4-3:2003 + A1:2004(U) - Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-
frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test harmonized with the directive 89/336/EWG
(replaced by 2004/108/WE).

Additional information:
Conformity evaluation for the Council Directive 73/23/ECC and 89/336/EEC (replaced by
2006/95/WE and 2004/108/WE) was carried out by Laboratorium Badawcze Oddziału Instytutu
Elektrotechniki in Gdańsk, accredited by PCA (reports from examinations No. 124/LBS-
780/2005 and 131/LMC-780/2005).

Per pro Director of AXIS Sp. z o.o.:

Production Manager Jan Kończak Date: 25-04-2012

38 USER MANUAL

Drying parameters for different substances (examples)

Initial weight Temperature
No Substance Preparation Analysing time (min)
(g) (°C)
1. Acrylate seal 3 mix a sample 9
2. Granulated acryl 10-15 80 12
3. Acryl ester 1.5 mix a sample 19
4. Active coal 10 80 9.8
5. Active coal 7.6 80 4.1
6. Cream 1.5 10.9
7. Cream 2 10.8
8. Cotton seeds 3-4 110 grind a sample for 1 min. 6.3
9. Cheese 2 160 13.3
10. Bean 4.5 150 grind a sample 9.7
11. Roasting sauce 2 6.1
12. Butter 1.7 140 tear up a foil 4.3
13. Cellulose acetan 5.5-6 50 1.3
14. Photo paper 2 150 tear up in 1 cm2 pieces 6.4
15. Dialyse membrane 0.5 80 cut into thin slices 2.2
16. Dialyse membrane 0.5-0.7 80 cut into thin slices 2
17. Leak stopper 3 160 7
18. Glue dissolvent 1.5 140 9.5
19. Dolomite 10-12 160 6.1
20. Drawing ink 1.5 120 10
21. Pea 3.5 135 grind for 30 sec. 7.9
22. Peanuts 2.8 100 grind into thick powder 4
23. Peanuts 3 100 grind into thick powder 6
24. Mint pastilles 3-3.4 90 grind into thick powder 2.9
25. Powder paint 1.5 120 3.5
26. Ceramics clay 2.5 160 cut into thin slices 9
27. River water 4 160 mix a sample 20
28. Icing sugar 5 130 20
29. Dissolvent 2 155 mix a sample 7.6
30. Cottage cheese 6 140 mix a sample
31. Feeding stuff 3-4 150 5.7
32. Dry beans 3-4 105 grind a sample 5
33. Dry peas 5-7 110 grind a sample for 10 sec. 9.6
34. Dry carrot 5.5-6 120 grind a sample 3
35. Dry chicken excrements 4 140 8
36. Dry corn 5-7 110 grind a sample 10
37. Glass powder 8-10 160 5
38. Balsam 0.01 145 9
39. Balsam 1 130 8
40. Nuts 2.2 100 grind into thick powder 3.8
41. Nuts in shells 2.6 100 grind into thick powder 4.5
42. Soda bihydrate 1.6 160 12
43. Coffee 2 150 8
44. Instant coffee 5 mix a sample 10
45. Coffee seeds 3.5-4 120 grind a sample for 1 min. 8
46. Cocoa 2.5 105 4
47. Cocoa 6 mix a sample 9
grind a sample for
48. Cocoa seeds 4-5 130 7.8
powder
49. Limestone 12-14 160 5
50. Dry potato pieces 2.5-3.0 130 divide a mass 5.8
51. Ketchup 2 120 18
52. Silicon gel 9.5 115 4.5
53. Silicon acid 1.5 mix a sample 3
54. Coal powder 4 160 3.4
55. Natural chalk 8 160 1.7
56. Synthetic chalk 6 mix a sample 4
57. Granulated sugar 3 90 2.8
58. Resin dissolvent 2 160 mix a sample 5.9
 USER MANUAL 39

Initial weight Temperature

No Substance Preparation Analysing time (min)
(g) (°C)
59. Latex 1-2 160 5.2
60. Latex LE1 3-5 125 10.8
61. Latex LE2 3-5 125 9.4
62. Latex O44 3-5 125 9.4
63. Lentil 4 135 grind a sample for 30 sec. 5.4
64. Loess soil 10-15 160 5.5
65. Loess soil 2.5 160 cut into small pieces 14.5
66. Skimmed milk 5 110 mix a sample
67. Skimmed milk powder 4 90 5.5
68. Cottage cheese 1.2 130 mix a sample 8
69. Corn starch 2 160 5.2
70. Almonds with caramel 3.5 80 grind into thick powder 4.8
71. Normal almonds 2.5 100 grind into thick powder 5.3
72. Almonds 3 100 grind into thick powder 5.3
73. Margarine 2.2 160 4
74. Margarine 0.7 160 3.5
75. Margarine 0.7 160 5
76. Materials for bricks 7 160 distribute a sample 20
77. Mikronyl 7-8 60 8
78. Mikronyl 8 80 5
79. Mikronyl 8 80 5
80. Skimmed milk powder 4.5 100 6.3
81. Fat milk powder 4.5 100 5.5
82. Whey 5 110 mix a sample
83. Concentrated whey 2-3 90 10
84. Mozzarella cheese 1.5 160 11.1
85. Multivitamin bars 3-3.4 115 grind into thick powder 3.3
86. Zeolite 3 160
87. Zeolite 3 160
88. Natural latex 1.4 160 mix a sample 5.3
89. Chocolate 2.5 103 10
90. Paste 0.55 160 5
91. Concentrated orange juice 2-3 115 mix a sample 13
92. Ultramid B3WG5 10 60 10
93. Ultramid A3WG7 10 80 10
94. Crastin SK645FR 10 80 10
95. Macrolon 10-12 80 15
96. Babyblend T65 MN 9-11 80 10
97. Plexiglas 6N 10 70 10
98. Polypropylene 13 130 9
99. Polypropylene 3.3 120 2.2
100. Polystyrene solution 2-2.5 120 8.7
101. POM C9021 10 80 10
102. Polystyrene 168 N 10 80 10
103. Purine 2 105 mix a sample 3.8
104. Cottage cheese 1 140 mix a sample 7
105. Cheese 20% 2 mix a sample 12
106. Fat cottage cheese 1.2 130 mix a sample 8
107. Silicon sand 10-14 160 1.9
108. Raclet cheese 1.5 160 14.4
109. Oily seeds 3-4 90 grind a sample for 1 min 7.4
110. Rice 3.5 105 grind a sample for 30 sec. 12.5
111. Retentine 5 110 mix a sample 0.04
112. Rye 4.5 150 grind a sample 11.5
113. Beetroot 4.5 150 grind a sample 8.6
114. Beetroot 4.5 150 grind a sample 8.9
115. Beetroot 4.5 150 grind a sample 9.1
116. Beetroot 4.5 150 grind a sample 8.5
117. Sticks 3-4 75 grind into powder 4.5
118. Processed cheese 1.5 70 tear up a foil 15
119. Chocolate 2.5 103 cut into pieces 10
120. Grinded chocolate 2-3 90 10
121. Pig feeding stuff 4-5 160 mix a sample 21
122. Speck 0.7 160 3.5
123. Speck 0.8 160 3.5
124. Soap 3 120 pinch some pieces 6
40 USER MANUAL

Notes