BASIC CONCEPTS OF P.E.
Education Through The Physical
According to Bucher:
1) Physical Development Objective:
The objective of physical development deals with the program of activities that builds physical
power in an individual through the development of the various organic systems of the body.
2) Motor Development Objective:
The motor development objective is concerned with making physical movement useful and
with as little expenditure of energy as possible and being proficient, graceful, and aesthetic in
this movement.
3) Mental Development Objective:
The mental development objective deals with the accumulation a body knowledge and the
ability to think and to interpret this knowledge.
4) Social Development Objective:
The social development objective is concerned with helping an individual in making personal
adjustments, group adjustment, and adjustments as a member of society.
PE PROGRAM AND ITS PURPOSE, CHARACTERISTICS AND LEGAL BASIS
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Charles A. Bucher defines physical education, an integral part of total education
process, is a field of endeavor which has as its aim the development of physically, mentally,
emotionally and socially fit citizens through the medium of physical activities which have
been selected with a view to realizing these outcomes.”
It aims to develop students’ physical competence and knowledge of movement and
safety, and their ability to use these to perform in a wide range of activities associated with the
development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
Physical Education – The Purpose Of PE
The main purpose of health and wellbeing within Curriculum for Excellence is to develop the
knowledge and understanding, skills, capabilities and attributes necessary for mental,
emotional, social and physical wellbeing now and in the future.
The rationale behind this is that learning through health and wellbeing enables children and
young people to:
• make informed decisions in order to improve their mental, emotional, social and physical
wellbeing
• experience challenge and enjoyment
• experience positive aspects of healthy living and activity for themselves
• apply their mental, emotional and social skills to pursue a healthy lifestyle
• make a successful move to the next stage of education or work
• establish a pattern of health and wellbeing which will be sustained into adult life, and which
will help to promote the health and wellbeing of the next generation of Scottish children
• and, for some, perform at high levels in sport or prepare for careers within the health and
leisure industries
LEGAL BASIS
The legal basis of physical education in the Philippines can be found in the Philippine
Constitution of 1987, Article 14, Section 19. It states that:
1)The State shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league
competitions and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to foster self-
discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.
2)All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities
throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.
THE CONCEPT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
The concept of physical fitness for children start in the primary grades and are
emphasized in the elementary grades. it is essential that children learn the skills, and develop
the knowledge and behaviors that will enable them to be physically active now and in their
adult years. As part of our curriculum, students will be introduced to basic physical fitness
concepts (including the components of health – related fitness, and basic FITT principles)
during each of our Unit Themes. Our goal is to address both state and national standards in
the area of fitness.
PHYSICAL FITNESS
It is a physiological state of well-being that provides the foundation for the tasks of daily
living, a degree of protection against chronic disease and a basis for participation in sport. In
essence, physical fitness describes a set of attributes relating to how well one performs
physical activity.
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
What is Fitness?
Fitness does not only refer to being physically fit, but also refers to a person’s mental state
as well. If a person is physically fit, but mentally unwell or troubled, he or she will not be able
to function optimally. Mental fitness can only be achieved if your body is functioning well.
You can help relax your own mind and eliminate stresses by exercising regularly and eating
right.
1. Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the heart and lungs to work together to provide
the needed oxygen and fuel to the body during sustained workloads. Examples would be
jogging, cycling and swimming. A multi-stage fitness test or a one-mile run are used most
often to assess cardiovascular endurance.
2. Flexibility is the ability of each joint to move through the available range of motion for a
specific joint. Examples would be stretching individual muscles or the ability to perform
certain functional movements such as the lunge. The sit and reach test is most often used
to test flexibility.
3. Muscular strength is the amount of force a muscle can produce. Examples would be the
bench press, leg press or bicep curl. The push up test is most often used to assess
muscular strength.
4. Muscular endurance is the ability of the muscles to perform continuous without fatiguing.
Examples would be cycling, step machines and elliptical machines. The sit up (aka curl up)
test is most often used to test muscular endurance.
5. Body composition is the amount of fat mass compared to lean muscle mass, bone and
organs. This can be measured using student’s height and weight. According to SHAPE
America's Appropriate and Inappropriate Practices Related to Fitness Testing position
paper, assessing body composition is one of the most sensitive areas of fitness testing.
Body composition is the amount of lean body mass compared to body fat. Body mass index
(BMI) is a popular tool for screening students’ body composition because it is simple and
non-invasive.
COMPONENTS OF SKILL RELATED FITNESS
1. Agility is the ability to rapidly and accurately change the direction of the body at speed. it
necessitates a combination of speed, balance, power and coordination.
2. Balance is the ability to maintain equilibrium when stationary or moving.
3. Power is the ability to contract muscles with speed and force in one explosive act.
4. Speed is a measure of the ability to move all or part of the body as quickly as possible.
5. Coordination is the ability to carry out a series of movements or motor tasks smoothly and
efficiently.
6. Reaction Time is the ability to respond to stimuli quickly.
PHYSICAL WELLNESS
Physical wellness promotes proper care of our bodies for optimal health
and functioning. There are many elements of physical wellness that all must be cared for
together. Overall physical wellness encourages the balance of physical activity, nutrition
and mental well-being to keep your body in top condition. Obtaining an optimal level of
physical wellness allows you to nurture personal responsibility for your own health. As
you become conscious of your physical health, you are able to identify elements you are
successful in as well as elements you would like to improve.
Physical wellness is important because it encourages us to care for our bodies through
physical activity, proper nutrition, and a strong mind.
