> Inspecting Your Array > Sorting Arrays

Python For Data Science

>>> a.shape #Array dimensions

>>> a.sort() #Sort an array

>>> len(a) #Length of array

>>> c.sort(axis=0) #Sort the elements of an array's axis
>>> b.ndim #Number of array dimensions

NumPy Cheat Sheet

>>> e.size #Number of array elements

>>> b.dtype #Data type of array elements

>>>
>>>
b.dtype.name #Name of data type

b.astype(int) #Convert an array to a different type > Subsetting, Slicing, Indexing

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> Data Types >>> a[2] #Select the element at the 2nd index

>>> b[1,2] #Select the element at row 1 column 2 (equivalent to b[1][2])

1.5 2
2 3

3
6.0 4 5 6
>>> np.int64 #Signed 64-bit integer types

Numpy
>>> np.float32 #Standard double-precision floating point
Slicing
>>> np.complex #Complex numbers represented by 128 floats
>>> a[0:2] #Select items at index 0 and 1
1 2 3
>>> Numpy
np.bool #Boolean type storing TRUE and FALSE values
array([1, 2])

>>> np.object #Python object type

>>> b[0:2,1] #Select items at rows 0 and 1 in column 1
1.5 2 3
>>> np.string_ #Fixed-length string type

The NumPy library is the core library for scientific computing in Python.
>>> np.unicode_ #Fixed-length unicode type
array([ 2., 5.])
4 5 6
>>> b[:1] #Select all items at row 0 (equivalent to b[0:1, :])

It provides a high-performance multidimensional array object, and tools for array([[1.5, 2., 3.]])

1.5 2 3
4 5 6
working with these arrays >>> c[1,...] #Same as [1,:,:]

> Array Mathematics

array([[[ 3., 2., 1.],

Use the following import convention: [ 4., 5., 6.]]])

>>> a[ : :-1] #Reversed array a array([3, 2, 1])

>>> import numpy as np
Boolean Indexing
Arithmetic Operations >>> a[a<2] #Select elements from a less than 2
1 2 3
NumPy Arrays array([1])

>>> g = a - b #Subtraction
Fancy Indexing
array([[-0.5, 0. , 0. ],

>>> b[[1, 0, 1, 0],[0, 1, 2, 0]] #Select elements (1,0),(0,1),(1,2) and (0,0)

[-3. , -3. , -3. ]])

array([ 4. , 2. , 6. , 1.5])

>>> np.subtract(a,b) #Subtraction

>>> b[[1, 0, 1, 0]][:,[0,1,2,0]] #Select a subset of the matrix’s rows and columns

>>> b + a #Addition

array([[ 4. ,5. , 6. , 4. ],

array([[ 2.5, 4. , 6. ],

[ 1.5, 2. , 3. , 1.5],

[ 5. , 7. , 9. ]])

[ 4. , 5. , 6. , 4. ],

>>> np.add(b,a) Addition

[ 1.5, 2. , 3. , 1.5]])
>>> a / b #Division

array([[ 0.66666667, 1. , 1. ],

[ 0.25 , 0.4 , 0.5 ]])

>>> np.divide(a,b) #Division

>>> a * b #Multiplication
> Array Manipulation
> Creating Arrays
array([[ 1.5, 4. , 9. ],

[ 4. , 10. , 18. ]])

>>> np.multiply(a,b) #Multiplication

Transposing Array
>>> np.exp(b) #Exponentiation
>>> i = np.transpose(b) #Permute array dimensions

>>> a = np.array([1,2,3])
>>> np.sqrt(b) #Square root
>>> i.T #Permute array dimensions
>>> b = np.array([(1.5,2,3), (4,5,6)], dtype = float)
>>> np.sin(a) #Print sines of an array

>>> c = np.array([[(1.5,2,3), (4,5,6)],[(3,2,1), (4,5,6)]], dtype = float) >>> np.cos(b) #Element-wise cosine
Changing Array Shape
>>> np.log(a) #Element-wise natural logarithm
>>> b.ravel() #Flatten the array

>>> e.dot(f) #Dot product

>>> g.reshape(3,-2) #Reshape, but don’t change data
Initial Placeholders array([[ 7., 7.],

[ 7., 7.]]) Adding/Removing Elements

>>> h.resize((2,6)) #Return a new array with shape (2,6)

>>> np.zeros((3,4)) #Create an array of zeros

>>> np.append(h,g) #Append items to an array

>>> np.ones((2,3,4),dtype=np.int16) #Create an array of ones

Comparison >>> np.insert(a, 1, 5) #Insert items in an array

>>> d = np.arange(10,25,5) #Create an array of evenly spaced values (step value)

>>> np.delete(a,[1]) #Delete items from an array
>>> np.linspace(0,2,9) #Create an array of evenly spaced values (number of samples)

>>> e = np.full((2,2),7) #Create a constant array

>>> a == b #Element-wise comparison
Combining Arrays
>>> f = np.eye(2) #Create a 2X2 identity matrix
array([[False, True, True],
>>> np.concatenate((a,d),axis=0) #Concatenate arrays

>>> np.random.random((2,2)) #Create an array with random values

[False, False, False]], dtype=bool)

array([ 1, 2, 3, 10, 15, 20])

>>> np.empty((3,2)) #Create an empty array >>> a < 2 #Element-wise comparison

>>> np.vstack((a,b)) #Stack arrays vertically (row-wise)

array([True, False, False], dtype=bool)

array([[ 1. , 2. , 3. ],

>>> np.array_equal(a, b) #Array-wise comparison [ 1.5, 2. , 3. ],

[ 4. , 5. , 6. ]])

> I/O Aggregate Functions

>>> np.r_[e,f] #Stack arrays vertically (row-wise)

>>> np.hstack((e,f)) #Stack arrays horizontally (column-wise)

array([[ 7., 7., 1., 0.],

[ 7., 7., 0., 1.]])

Saving & Loading On Disk >>> a.sum() #Array-wise sum

>>> np.column_stack((a,d)) #Create stacked column-wise arrays

>>> a.min() #Array-wise minimum value

array([[ 1, 10],

>>> b.max(axis=0) #Maximum value of an array row

[ 2, 15],

>>> np.save('my_array', a)
>>> b.cumsum(axis=1) #Cumulative sum of the elements
[ 3, 20]])

>>> np.savez('array.npz', a, b)
>>> a.mean() #Mean
>>> np.c_[a,d] #Create stacked column-wise arrays
>>> np.load('my_array.npy') >>> np.median(b) #Median

>>> np.corrcoef(a) #Correlation coefficient

Splitting Arrays
>>> np.std(b) #Standard deviation >>> np.hsplit(a,3) #Split the array horizontally at the 3rd index

Saving & Loading Text Files [array([1]),array([2]),array([3])]

>>> np.vsplit(c,2) #Split the array vertically at the 2nd index

> Copying Arrays

[array([[[ 1.5, 2. , 1. ],

>>> np.loadtxt("myfile.txt")
[ 4. , 5. , 6. ]]]),

>>> np.genfromtxt("my_file.csv", delimiter=',')

array([[[ 3., 2., 3.],

>>> np.savetxt("myarray.txt", a, delimiter=" ") [ 4., 5., 6.]]])]

>>> h = a.view() #Create a view of the array with the same data

>>> np.copy(a) #Create a copy of the array

> Asking For Help

>>> h = a.copy() #Create a deep copy of the array

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>>> np.info(np.ndarray.dtype)