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Introduction to Green Chemistry

This document introduces green chemistry and its 12 principles. Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. The 12 principles of green chemistry include prevention of waste, atom economy in chemical synthesis, use of less hazardous chemicals, designing safer chemicals and solvents, energy efficiency, use of renewable feedstocks, reducing the need for derivitization, use of catalysis, designing chemicals that degrade safely, real-time pollution analysis, and inherently safer chemistry.

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Klent Adrian Dagsa
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101 views35 pages

Introduction to Green Chemistry

This document introduces green chemistry and its 12 principles. Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. The 12 principles of green chemistry include prevention of waste, atom economy in chemical synthesis, use of less hazardous chemicals, designing safer chemicals and solvents, energy efficiency, use of renewable feedstocks, reducing the need for derivitization, use of catalysis, designing chemicals that degrade safely, real-time pollution analysis, and inherently safer chemistry.

Uploaded by

Klent Adrian Dagsa
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Green Chemistry

Chem 181
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Green Chemistry is the design of chemical
products and processes that reduce or
eliminate the use and generation of hazardous
substances.
• Green Chemistry is based on Twelve
Principles.
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Prevention
• It is better to prevent waste than to treat or
clean up waste after it has been created.

• Atom Economy
• Synthetic methods should be designed to
maximize the incorporation of all materials
used in the process into the final product.
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses
• Wherever practicable, synthetic methods should
be designed to use and generate substances that
possess little or no toxicity to human health and
the environment.

• Designing Safer Chemicals


• Chemical products should be designed to effect
their desired function while minimizing their
toxicity.
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
• The use of auxiliary substances (e.g., solvents,
separation agents, etc.) should be made
unnecessary wherever possible and innocuous
when used.

• Design for Energy Efficiency


• Energy requirements of chemical processes should
be recognized for their environmental and
economic impacts and should be minimized. If
possible, synthetic methods should be conducted
at ambient temperature and pressure.
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Use of Renewable Feedstocks
• A raw material or feedstock should be renewable
rather than depleting whenever technically and
economically practicable.

• Reduce Derivatives
• Unnecessary derivatization (use of blocking groups,
protection/ deprotection, temporary modification
of physical/chemical processes) should be
minimized or avoided if possible, because such
steps require additional reagents and can generate
waste.
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Catalysis
• Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are
superior to stoichiometric reagents.

• Design for Degradation


• Chemical products should be designed so that at
the end of their function they break down into
innocuous degradation products and do not
persist in the environment.
Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Real-time analysis for Pollution Prevention
• Analytical methodologies need to be further
developed to allow for real-time, in process
monitoring and control prior to the formation of
hazardous substances.

• Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident


Prevention
• Substances and the form of a substance used in a
chemical process should be chosen to minimize the
potential for chemical accidents, including
releases, explosions, and fires.

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