FACTORS AFFECTING THE CHOICE OF PREFERRED

TRACKS AMONG THE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AT

LEGACY

OF WISDOM ACADEMY OF DASMARIÑAS, INC.

Christian Rich E. Palmos, John Kenneth R. Borabien, Samantha Shane Ravin A.

Catalan

Senior High School Department, Legacy of Wisdom Academy of Dasmariñas Inc.

Practical Research 2

Nancy Dela Rosa-Cruz

February 2023
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem,

significance of the study, scope and delimitations, and definition of terms used.

Background of the study

The Philippines is the last country in Asia and one of the three nations that has

a ten-year pre university education program before the implementation of the K-12

system. K-12 program indicates a good quality of education especially for the

standard of education system worldwide, qualification to work abroad, and

development of skills in employment. K to 12 program implementations aimed at

creating more skilled students with basic skills for lifelong learning and employment.

This program promoted the mutual recognition of Filipino learners and professionals

in other countries because they were able to master the skills and learn the core

competencies which were necessary to meet the demands of the global market

Abragan et al. (2022).

Masuhay (2019), stated that K-12 program is an educational system under the

Department of Education aims to enhance learner’s basic skills produce more

competent citizens and prepare graduates for lifelong learning and employment. "K"

stands for Kindergarten and "12" refers to the succeeding 12 years of basic education

(1 year kindergarten, 6 years of elementary education, 4 years of junior high school,

and 2 years of senior high school), At present, the Philippines is the last country in

Asia and one of only three countries in the world with a 10-year pre university

program. In fact, K to 12 has been push through because of its conclusive reasons. On

May 15, 2013, Republic Act NO.1 10533 otherwise known as the Enhanced Basic
education Act of 2013 was passed into law. RA 10533 added two years of senior high

school to broaden the goals of the high school education for college preparation,

vocational and technical career opportunities as well as creative arts, sports, and

entrepreneurial employment. It also makes education learner-oriented and responsive

to the needs, cognitive and cultural capacity, and the circumstances of learners,

school, and communities using appropriate mediums of teaching and learning,

including mother tongue.

According to Uy & Martinez Jr. (2019), SHS students undertake a standard

core curriculum and can choose from four tracks of specialization: academic track,

technical-vocational, and livelihood (TVL), sports track, and arts and design track.

The academic track is further divided into four (4) strands: accountancy, business, and

management (ABM); science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM);

humanities and social sciences (HUMSS); and general academic. The TVL track also

has four (4) strands and various specializations under each one: home economics;

information and communications technology (ICT); Agri-fishery arts; and industrial

arts. There are two specific specializations for the maritime industry: the pre-

baccalaureate maritime specialization a modified STEM curriculum and the TVL

maritime specialization. (Uy & Martinez Jr., 2019). Alcantara (2019) stated that

Sports Track provides a variety of opportunities to learn about the world of athletics

and sports from the perspectives of athletes and coaches. It makes it easier to

comprehend that sports are more than just a game; they are also a job that is vital to

the community. Students who choose this career path are prepared to either pursue a

career in athletics or a related field in college after graduating from high school. 

Arts and design track is for those who are interested in pursuing careers on the

performative and creative field. Get to discover the capabilities and stretch what
students can do in industries of music, theatre, visual arts, media arts, and dance.

Students can gain various skills such as song composing, stage performing,

illustrating, sculpting, photography, or choreography under this track. Arts and Design

also aims not only to ensure that you can get a livelihood out of their interest in arts

and design but also to help various regions in the country in preserving their local

culture (Edukasyon.ph, n.d).

Purpose of the study

The purpose of this study is to find out the factors that could influence the

track preference of junior high school students. It can be used as the basis for a career

guidance program at the school to help the students at Legacy of Wisdom Academy of

Dasmariñas, Inc. in choosing their preferred tracks.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the factors in choosing their preferred tracks. This

study will seek to answer the following questions:

1. What is the student’s profile be describe in terms of: (1) age, (2) sex, (3)

grade level; and (4) section.

2. What are the different tracks offered for senior high school program?

3.What are the factors affecting the students in choosing their preferred track

for senior high school?

This study is an investigation of the factors affecting the choices of the

students under K-12 on which track they would take for senior high school. The study

is only limited to the junior high school students of the Legacy of Wisdom Academy

of Dasmariñas, Inc. This study will focus on the following: parental influence,

interests, and personality.

Definition of Terms

K-12 Program

a recently implemented educational system in the Philippines that consists of

kindergarten and 12 years of basic education. This system aims to foster lifelong

learners, give students enough time to master concepts and skills, and prepare

graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skill development, employment, and

entrepreneurship.

Senior High School

The second part of secondary education under the K-12 program, wherein the

students would take up the subjects under their career pathway specialization.

Tracks

Specific areas of study much like college courses and they fall under four

disciplines, namely, Academic, Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL), Sports, and

Arts & Design. These are the subjects that will give the students competencies and

advanced skills required in college or Tech-Voc education, entrepreneurship,

employment and, most important, life.

The generalization of this study would be a significant contribution to the vast

knowledge of student achievements. The findings of this investigation could be

extremely significant and beneficial, particularly to the following:

Students - The results of this study would help and motivate future senior

high school students to create and carry out their professional plans. It also gives them

an awareness on the factors in choosing their preferred track.

Parents -This study will assist parents in assisting their children in choosing

their paths, as well as in knowing their children's interests so that they can support

them in those interests. 

Teachers - The findings of this study may yield information about the factors

affecting junior high school students in choosing their preferred track, which may

serve as the basis for coming up with a more precise teaching style that will suit the

students' interests.

School Administrator - Through this study, they will be able to identify

strategies for enhancing the students' capacities and competencies, enabling them to

pursue fulfilling jobs. They can learn more about the level of instruction they

currently provide for K–12 students.

Future researcher - This can serve as a reference study for upcoming and

future researchers. The study's findings may be useful to the researchers in

determining how to improve their knowledge and may also encourage them to

conduct additional research on the subject. 

and implementing a feasible Senior High School curriculum that would teach the

skills and knowledge that the students need.