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/ohm/ - Electronics General: Board Automation Edition
Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)02:30:36 No.2575936 ▶ >>2575970 >>2576337
>>2577260 >>2577453 >>2577960 >>2579585

Thread snabbed:>>2570937 →

>I'm new to electronics. Where to get started?

It is an art/science of applying principles to requirements.
Find problem, learn principles, design and verify solution, build,
test, post results, repeat.

>Incredibly comprehensive list of electronics resources:

https://github.com/kitspace/awesome-electronics
Additional resources below:

>Project ideas:
https://adafruit.com
https://instructables.com/tag/type-id/category-technology/
https://makezine.com/category/electronics/
https://hackaday.io

>Don't ask, roll:

https://github.com/Rocheez/4chan-electronics-challenges/blob/master/list-of-challenges.png

>Archive of Popular Electronics magazines (1954-2003):

https://worldradiohistory.com/Popular-Electronics-Guide.htm
>Microchip Tips and Tricks PDF:
https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/01146b.pdf
>Li+/LiPo batteries required reading:
https://www.elteconline.com/download/pdf/SAFT-RIC-LI-ION-Safety-Recommendations.pdf
 >Books:
https://libgen.rs/

>Principles (by increasing skill level):

Mims III, Getting Started in Electronics
Geier, How to Diagnose & Fix Everything Electronic
Kybett & Boysen, All New Electronics Self-Teaching Guide
Scherz & Monk, Practical Electronics for Inventors (arguably has minor issues with mains grounding)
Horowitz and Hill, The Art of Electronics

>Recommended Design/verification tools:

KiCAD 6+
Circuitmaker
Logisim Evolution

>Recommended Components/equipment:
Octopart
eBay/AliExpress sellers, for component assortments/sample kits (caveat emptor)
Local independent electronics distributors
ladyada.net/library/procure/hobbyist.html

>More related YouTube channels:

mjlorton
jkgamm041
EcProjects
Photonvids
sdgelectronics
paceworldwide

>microcontroller specific problems?

>>>/diy/mcg
>I have junk, what do?
Shitcan it
>consumer product support or PC building?
>>>/g/
>household/premises wiring?
More rules-driven than engineering, try /qtddtot/ or sparky general first
>antigravity and/or overunity?
Go away
>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)03:17:54 No.2575966 ▶ >>2575977
File: passive-tone-control-circuit.png (26 KB, 845x526)

The equalisers posted don't help me at all. https://sound-

au.com/p-cat.htm#equ
I'm looking for a basic baxandall type equaliser for a HIFI
system.
So is picrel sufficiently good, or are there better circuits
for this application?
https://www.circuitstoday.com/passive-tone-control-circuit

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)03:28:12 No.2575970 ▶ >>2575972

>>2575936 (OP)
>>>2575933 →
So did I get chink'd? Was the 2uA figure ever true in the first place?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)03:33:19 No.2575972 ▶

>>2575970
Yes, you did get chinked. Get a refund

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)03:43:20 No.2575977 ▶ >>2575989 >>2576101 >>2577974

File: baxandall_1_pic.png (14 KB, 400x373)

>>2575966
>http://guitarscience.net/tsc/baxandall_passive.htm
Here you have a ton of equalizer configurations, just pick whatever you like and build it.
With passive type circuits you need amplifier in front of it to bring gain back to 0dB or
you can also build active version like pic related.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)03:45:00 No.2575978 ▶ >>2575986

I work in a contract manufacturer that assembles PCBs.

I'm one of the very few people that actually knows anything about electronics.
In the last couple of years, we've started offering repair of power electronics and I'm basically running the
program.
The pay isn't amazing but I'm pretty much left to my own devices and whenever I'm doing a project for
myself, I throw all the components I need on a purchase requisition and get the company to buy them.
I say I need the components for test development or prototyping and nobody asks questions cause
they've no idea about electronics.
I've even had them buy me fancy development boards a few times and then sold them on ebay.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)04:22:06 No.2575986 ▶

>>2575978
you cheeky cunt :^)

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)04:30:43 No.2575989 ▶

>>2575977
Thanks Anon. The cicuit is very similar to the baxandall I posted earlier, using a single op amp as active
element.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)05:34:15 No.2576011 ▶ >>2576092 >>2577022 >>2577029 >>2578091

I want to make a temperature logger. Are there any decent sensors that don't require me to sell my kidney
and bone marrow to afford them? I don't want DHT11 tier sensors, I want something good.
Somehow I think manually calibrating an NTC thermistor is my best bet here.

Damn, maybe I'm just too jaded and cynical

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)05:57:55 No.2576013 ▶ >>2576026

File: 1678150620387.jpg (98 KB, 810x560)

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:05:47 No.2576025 ▶ >>2576032 >>2578778 >>2578852

I bought a soldering iron and tips for my station... And lead free solder because it was cheaper this way.
What should I expect from lead free solder? Chinks claim it is Sn99 Ag0.7 Cu0.3
I never have used lead free solder for electronics so idk.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:06:21 No.2576026 ▶ >>2576027

File: 1672351547871.jpg (261 KB, 1137x841)

>>2576013
>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:07:41 No.2576027 ▶
File: 966_1.jpg (1.05 MB, 3024x4032)

>>2576026

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:22:05 No.2576032 ▶ >>2578960

>>2576025
just takes a bit more to heat up. use 350 C on your iron. also its surface tension isnt as good so you need
a bit of flux in certain situations

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:39:26 No.2576038 ▶

Im replacing the capacitors in a speaker crossover.

The inductors and ceramic resistors dont go bad right?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:45:52 No.2576042 ▶ >>2576049

File: soldering iron and solder(...).webm (3.49 MB, 608x1080)

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)07:49:29 No.2576043 ▶ >>2576049 >>2576052 >>2577821

File: SMT Soldering.webm (3.74 MB, 640x480)

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)08:00:53 No.2576049 ▶ >>2576081 >>2576097

>>2576042
bridge between the 2nd and 3rd pin from the top.
>>2576043
what's the point of using solder paste instead of regular solder in this scenario?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)08:07:56 No.2576052 ▶

File: SOIC SSOP.webm (3.21 MB, 1280x720)

>>2576043
>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)08:54:15 No.2576081 ▶ >>2576100

>>2576049
>what's the point of using solder paste instead of regular solder in this scenario?

Maybe it's handier than having to flux and solder separately

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)08:59:47 No.2576084 ▶

File: 1678197583079.jpg (1.34 MB, 1500x2000)

>>2575881 →
Yeah it has to be a spinning chopper disk with only one sensor.
This is the lens.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)09:18:40 No.2576092 ▶

>>2576011
what accuracy? NTC's have something like 3% per C change, should be easy to track with analogg inputs

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)09:20:18 No.2576097 ▶

>>2576049
not needing 3 hands

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)09:24:01 No.2576100 ▶

>>2576081
>Maybe it's handier than having to flux and solder separately
Which he did after tacking the corners. The solder paste is an added step.
>not needing 3 hands
Load the tip of the iron with solder and touch it to the fluxed pins/pads. Then drag solder the rest.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)09:27:59 No.2576101 ▶ >>2576102 >>2576127

File: pixlr.jpg (2.22 MB, 2048x2048)

>>2575977
I'm the retard who tries to build a tone control.
How would I go about measuring this? Does picrel make any fucking sense? It's
supposed to be a sinewave at 1khz

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)09:29:14 No.2576102 ▶

>>2576101
*I mean this is what happens when I turn the bass and treble pots

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)10:16:56 No.2576127 ▶ >>2576186 >>2576753

 >>2576101
No if you put sine in you should get sine out (at different amplitude + different phase relative to input).
Anything else is distortion. Make sure you're not overdriving the circuit. At max pot range it can amplify the
input by about 15dB which is 5.66 and if you put 1V in you will get 5.66V out in those specific frequency
ranges.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)10:27:02 No.2576131 ▶

>>2576124
What's the goal?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)11:15:25 No.2576164 ▶ >>2576214 >>2576549 >>2577824

I passed out randomly the other night. Never happened before in my life.
ECG just showed up strange and I've to go to A&E.
Hopefully all the zaps I've gotten over the years haven't fucked me up too bad

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)11:39:36 No.2576186 ▶ >>2576753

File: chipmunkcore.jpg (100 KB, 640x652)

>>2576127
Oh now, that you're mentioning it. I think I had the function gen set to almost to max -
so around 15v in. No wonder it's distorting...

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)12:28:05 No.2576214 ▶

>>2576164
>A&E
Arts and entertainment?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)15:52:21 No.2576337 ▶ >>2576427 >>2576549

NEW THREAD
>>2575936 (OP)
>>2575936 (OP)
>>2575936 (OP)

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:00:54 No.2576419 ▶ >>2576424 >>2576443 >>2576454

File: Screenshot_101.png (11 KB, 220x231)

What does this convention mean? I see it a lot. Why do all of these wires merge
together? Are they actually connected? Or it just means that it is some kind of a
connector and a cable and I need to trace it and find the matching labels on the other
end?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:07:28 No.2576424 ▶

>>2576419
>Are they actually connected?

no

>>Or it just means that it is some kind of a connector and a cable and I need to trace it and find the
 matching labels on the other end?

yes

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:08:53 No.2576427 ▶ >>2576432 >>2576509

>>2576337
There used to be an autist who would have an aneurism if you made the new thread before this one was
about to exit the catalog...

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:10:58 No.2576432 ▶

>>2576427
whoops. seems like I replied to a most unusual post.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:11:49 No.2576434 ▶ >>2576723 >>2577759

So how fast will the bulb turn on in the Veritassium example?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:21:19 No.2576443 ▶

>>2576419
That / means they are joining a bus. Each connector is independent but the entire bus is going to the
same places in the schematic and on the board.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:34:23 No.2576454 ▶

>>2576419
That / means they are joining a bus. Each connector is independent but the entire bus is going to the
same places in the schematic and on the board.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)18:48:13 No.2576468 ▶ >>2576513

I'd like to add a backup battery to an old Sony Dream Machine alarm clock. I looked at the schematic, and
it has one single integrated controller with several VDD inputs (AVDD, DVDD, and some other). I also
found a service manual for a newer model with integerated battery backup but it looks like the controller
itself has support for it as it has a dedicated pin for that. So I was wondering if a crude approach of
retrofitting a battery is even possible.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)19:46:56 No.2576509 ▶

>>2576427
You mean me? I'm still here. Having a new thread before the old one gets archived sucks, because now
you have to keep two threads open, or you could miss a reply.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)19:53:35 No.2576513 ▶

File: zero effort, low cost.jpg (187 KB, 1426x601)

>>2576468
>backup battery to an old Sony Dream Machine alarm clock.

$2 battery powered clock from the thrift store, with pleasant musical alarm sound,
and changing-color LED back-light.
this is the kind of zero-effort, low-cost battery backup you need.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)20:03:34 No.2576518 ▶ >>2576526 >>2576599 >>2576988

File: 106B18F9-0BDA-4AF6-B1CD-7(...).jpg (869 KB, 2764x1415)
 I bought this fire alarm second hand and I can’t see anything on the board that looks like
it’d make noise (pic related). I’m starting to think I may have just bought the strobe
without a horn: is this possible?
I’ve never installed a fire alarm before so I don’t know if it’s commonplace to sell the
strobe separately. The reason I bought it in the first place was for the sound.
Sticker on the assembly says it’s a wheelock 3303; I also found a patent filing based on another sticker I
found on the assembly:
https://patents.justia.com/patent/5608375

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)20:15:11 No.2576526 ▶

>>2576518
>is this possible?

they make doorbells and alarms for the deaf that flash instead of toot.
and some also vibrate, for the kinky deaf.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)20:46:14 No.2576549 ▶ >>2576786

>>2576164
>all the zaps I've gotten over the years
no bro it's the govid vax

>>2576337
lmao

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)22:13:17 No.2576599 ▶ >>2576611

>>2576518
Got a wiring diagram for it? Or do you at least know how many wires can go in/out of it?

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)22:28:56 No.2576611 ▶ >>2576617 >>2576643

File: IMG_0086 copy.jpg (210 KB, 1000x750)

>>2576599
Just two terminals (PCB is behind the not-so-scary warranty sticker), which leads me
to believe it's meant to connect to some "core" that regulates a larger network of
them.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)22:38:53 No.2576617 ▶ >>2576643

>>2576611
>signaling appliance and equipment for the hearing impaired
>visual signal appliance fire alarm
No ahoooooooooga's for you.

>> Anonymous 03/07/23(Tue)23:29:34 No.2576643 ▶ >>2576868

>>2576617
>>2576611
kek this shit is pretty funny.
you will have to wake up and open your eyes to see the visual alarm. you could run a wire to your bed to
send a high voltage pulse to wake you up.

bring it back, tyrone.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)02:22:17 No.2576723 ▶

 >>2576434
You need to define what turn on means more precisely. 90% of the final value? 10%? Settling time? 1
electron going through lamp?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)03:54:44 No.2576753 ▶ >>2576760

>>2576127
>>2576186
Fug. How do I adjust the voltage on that function generator?
t. retard

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)04:09:40 No.2576760 ▶ >>2576812

>>2576753
the dial called "amplitude"

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)05:59:16 No.2576786 ▶ >>2576870

>>2576549
Never got the vax fortunately.
Xrays and ct scans and bloods all came back good though so looks like It'll take a few more shocks to kill
me

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)07:50:49 No.2576812 ▶ >>2576819

File: passive-tone-control.png (30 KB, 845x526)

>>2576760
It works now, amplitude looks clean now.

Unfortunately though, hooking up my phone on the input and 60 Ohm headphones

on the output, it is too quiet.

Would this also translate into the input of a linear audio amp IC?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)08:06:58 No.2576819 ▶ >>2576839 >>2576856

File: fucking-pajeet.png (6 KB, 612x185)

>>2576812
Sir, could I improve it by adding a second
op amp? Pls response
https://www.circuitstoday.com/passive-tone-control-circuit

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)09:32:58 No.2576839 ▶

>>2576819
Sirs?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:00:37 No.2576856 ▶ >>2576995

>>2576819
Sir, you just need buffer on the output sir. Then the output power will be very very large and your music
will be very loud heard all the way from Bombay to Delhi.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:26:09 No.2576868 ▶

File: 1632985351552.gif (222 KB, 1024x576)

>>2576643
>you could run a wire to your bed to send a high voltage
 pulse to wake you up.
MyPillow 3.0

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:27:31 No.2576870 ▶

File: 1639153076058.png (254 KB, 750x721)

>>2576786
>Never got the vax
fortunately.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:27:32 No.2576871 ▶ >>2576875

Can you show some of your pcb projects, I need inspiration.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:31:48 No.2576875 ▶

File: 1676385557220623.jpg (419 KB, 1500x1101)

>>2576871
This is a picture of my bar mitzvah. I didn't want to pay the photographer for the pic
so I just saved the watermarked pic. If you look closely you can see a motherboard.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:44:28 No.2576889 ▶ >>2576894 >>2576932 >>2576978

File: 1678290267768.jpg (104 KB, 420x390)

Why do you need converters and transformers if the voltage can be

lowered with resistors?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)10:52:38 No.2576894 ▶

>>2576889
Time is cruel. Change is unavoidable. Death is inevitable.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)12:08:13 No.2576932 ▶

>>2576889
Resistor dividers only really work if you're not pulling any current to anywhere else.
They keep the voltage stable across them if current is only flowing through them

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)13:39:44 No.2576978 ▶

>>2576889
Resistors turn the excess voltage into heat. Transformers turn the excess voltage into current.
>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)14:05:42 No.2576988 ▶

>>2576518
light a fire under it and find out

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)14:17:55 No.2576995 ▶ >>2577027

>>2576856
Dear sir. There is already OP Amp on the input of the Baxandall. What is the reasoning for the "buffer"?
Is this nessecary for Amplifier IC? 60Ohm Headphone was only for test.
Pls understand, dear sir.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)14:22:11 No.2576996 ▶ >>2577027

File: IMG_7480.jpg (121 KB, 1200x896)

What happens if I try to start and induction motor on a

current limiting light bulb?

No load on the motor.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:18:14 No.2577022 ▶

>>2576011
What's your exact application? Does the sensor need to be reporting values digitally (SPI,I2C, USB, etc)
or is it okay if the sensor reports an analog value that is sampled through an ADC? What is the
temperature range you need? What about speed? Is this a temperature that varies quickly, or is it
something like just monitoring the room temperature? You want a temp sensor that is in a SMD/TH
package, or do you want some kind of thermocouple with long wires? You should also try digikey's
parametric search with all your requirements.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:28:47 No.2577027 ▶ >>2577416

just realised my shoe brand is "asics"

>>2576995
you need an output buffer, the output impedance of your filter is way too high to drive headphones with
any loudness

>>2576996
might stall, might run, give it a try.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:33:21 No.2577029 ▶ >>2577030

>>2576011
I2C controlled sensors tend to come factory calibrated.
Anyone knows the best temperature sensors, that are calibrated to high absolute and relative accuracy?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:35:53 No.2577030 ▶ >>2577041

>>2577029
I have to add, if you can calibrate temperature sensors yourself (you probably can't), it's an entirely
different game.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:46:06 No.2577038 ▶ >>2577051 >>2577053 >>2577062 >>2577232

the fuk? thermistors have 150C cap and 18b20 only fucking 125C? what is this gay shit i need to measure
temperatures up to 200C, how the fuck do ovens and shit do it then
>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:49:54 No.2577041 ▶ >>2577043

>>2577030
Distilled water ice bath will come very close to 0°C. If you do a bit of research you can get it to within
0.002°C. Even with crude setup achieving 0.1°C is completely doable.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:51:41 No.2577043 ▶ >>2577049

>>2577041
I tried it myself. It's not as easy as you make it sound.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:56:59 No.2577049 ▶ >>2577055

>>2577043
If you don't need more than 0.5°C absolute accuracy, boiling method is a bit easier. The question is do
you actually need the accuracy to justify calibration?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)15:59:30 No.2577051 ▶

>>2577038
k-type thermocouple

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)16:00:49 No.2577053 ▶

>>2577038
Thermocouples

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)16:01:05 No.2577055 ▶ >>2577232

>>2577049
I just want highest resolution (at least 0.5°C absolute) for the least effort.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)16:13:21 No.2577062 ▶

>>2577038
Thermocouples

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)19:36:25 No.2577232 ▶ >>2577233

>>2577038
Thermocouples, but K-types don’t give better than +/-2 degrees C. Look at other thermocouples (maybe
4-wire sensing idk) or go for a platinum RTD. Get a quality dedicated amp+ADC IC for it too.

>>2577055
I guess you need both precision and accuracy?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)19:38:41 No.2577233 ▶ >>2577240

>>2577232
>I guess you need both precision and accuracy?
Yes. I want the real temperature.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)19:46:39 No.2577240 ▶ >>2577254

>>2577233
Yeah then I’d go for a 4-wire PT100 or PT1000, and one of these:
https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/max31865.pdf
0.03deg resolution, 0.5deg accuracy. Might be able to get better. There are dev boards for a few dollars
on AliExpress, but I wouldn’t trust them if you really care about accuracy.
>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)19:57:06 No.2577254 ▶

>>2577240
Most seem to do that well, like the BME280, which has the temperature sensor integrated, and comes
factors calibrated. I've put multiple sensors (different vendors, all factory calibrated and all claiming about
the same absolute accuracy) in one place and still got different readings.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:04:42 No.2577260 ▶ >>2577263

File: 20230303_125954.jpg (3.26 MB, 3000x4000)

>>2575936 (OP)
I posted a few weeks ago about a failing gas furnace control board. After loading up the
parts cannon and replacing the filter caps and replacing the 7805 regulator with a switch
mode type, I was finely able to observe the fault. The relays would start clicking on and off
at around 1-2 times a second along with the diagnostic and status LED. I got my multi-
meter and started probing and found the output of a diode that should have been around
30 volts was 13 volts. I jumpered the failing diode with a 1n4007 from my junk box and the
fault disappeared.

failing diode part number is RL104, will a 1N4007 work in it's place?

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:11:13 No.2577263 ▶

>>2577260
never mind, the datasheet recommends using a 1N400x series for replacement.

https://datasheetspdf.com/pdf-file/1200129/Diodes/RL104/1

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:18:35 No.2577272 ▶ >>2577294 >>2577295 >>2577341 >>2577354 >>2577490

Occasionally I've noticed a weird phenomenon when working on electrical issues on cars. For example,
I'm working on a VW Routan (Dodge Grand Caravan) that had a no-start issue. I found that it was not
consistently firing the ignition coils. One would fire consistently. A couple others were intermittent. The rest
had nothing. After testing all the other components the computer relies on for ignition timing, I sent the
computer module, which directly controls the ignition coils, off to be checked out. It passes all tests, all
functions work, they send it back. I repeat my tests and we still have the same problem. So now the last
thing I can check is the integrity of the wiring between the computer and the coils. I unearth all the wiring,
visually inspect it, and ohm everything out between the computer connector and coil connectors.
Everything looks perfect, excellent continuity, no issues with the wiring. Plug it all back up, and now
everything is working 100% consistently. No repair action taken, only testing.

This kind of thing has happened at least a dozen times in my career. A consistently-failing electrical
component or system mysteriously begins working only after the circuitry is thoroughly tested with no
problems found. This is after conventional "resets" like removing the battery overnight or unplugging the
malfunctioning component fail to produce any changes.

Is there a name for this or a known mechanism behind this kind of situation? I am not educated, I'm just a
simple car fixer redneck who happens to know how to use a DMM better than the other rednecks in the
shop.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:42:39 No.2577294 ▶

>>2577272
> a name for this or a known mechanism behind this kind of situation?
it's called "Have you tried turning it off and back on again"

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:42:41 No.2577295 ▶ >>2577346

>>2577272
A socket/plug vibrated loose and you fixed it by disconnecting and reconnecting it.
>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:53:41 No.2577301 ▶ >>2577303 >>2577351 >>2578905

Can I cut the 5v line in an usb cable to use it to transfer data without the possibility of drawing power from
it? I have an arduino nano that I will be powering from the 5v pin, and as I understand it, powering the
board from usb and the power pins at the same time is a big no-no.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)20:57:07 No.2577303 ▶ >>2577318

>>2577301
No that's just fine. It won't draw power over USB if it has vcc

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)21:17:21 No.2577318 ▶

>>2577303
or vice versa. I don't remember which. Either way no one cuts their cables.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)22:05:56 No.2577341 ▶

>>2577272
I have repaired a bunch of mid 90's Jeep ECU's every single one had failing caps that would cause
intermittent issues, I have a ZJ ECU that has 300k miles on it, caps were perfect but when I went to
change them anyway I found that vibration caused the solder joints to loosen up around the capacitor
leads, pretty sure that caused a pretty inconvenient random stall and no start issue. Other ECU's had
holes eroded in the capacitor cans but the ECU would still power on and run well enough for me to dump
the EPROM out. The expected data retention of EPROM's is about 20 years, but they just don't fail all at
once, all it would take is for access times to some of the EPROM cells to become inconsistent or erratic to
cause a misfire.

My furnace would only glitch out every 5-7 days and it's been running with the failing diode still in place for
the last few hours, what a strange fault.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)22:10:44 No.2577346 ▶

>>2577295
This makes sense when plugs are corroded, burnt, or mechanically worn/damaged, and I have
experienced that. What I'm referring to is cases where the connections have already been
unplugged/replugged/wiggled several times without any change in symptoms, and the system only
resumes function after every individual part of the system is tested with a meter. And then it continues to
work reliably even after wiggling the connections, test driving, etc.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)22:21:32 No.2577351 ▶

>>2577301
Look at the datasheet of your arduino, they usually have diode (or mosfet diode) circuits to prevent
backflowing current. At least they basically always do so on USB.

>> Anonymous 03/08/23(Wed)22:33:30 No.2577354 ▶

>>2577272
>So now the last thing I can check is the integrity of the wiring between the computer and the coils
>Plug it all back up, and now everything is working 100% consistently.
It's either the wiring harness or the solder joints on the ECU board.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)01:40:09 No.2577416 ▶ >>2577417

File: file.png (104 KB, 953x694)

>>2577027
But will I need a buffer to drive an amplifier?
The input impedance of the the amp is very high, so I shouldn't need a buffer for that
 do I?

Is pic related what you mean by "output buffer"?

https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/how-to-buffer-an-op-amp-output-for-
higher-current-part-1/

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)01:49:40 No.2577417 ▶ >>2577440

>>2577416
No you don't. Every amplifier is effectively a buffer with gain

The output buffer in your picrel just lets the opamp amplify more, like stacking two gains together. They
have a limited current capacity compared to fatass FETs.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)02:40:54 No.2577440 ▶

File: file.png (3 KB, 199x186)

>>2577417
How's this one?

http://www.muzique.com/lab/buffers.htm

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)03:27:54 No.2577452 ▶ >>2577460 >>2577482

File: DSC_0344.jpg (1.36 MB, 3264x2448)

Probe is set to 1x.

This is all I get, with only the oscilloscope probe hooked up to the
output of the tone control.
It just seems quiet, regardless of load. Am I wrong?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)03:29:13 No.2577453 ▶ >>2577456 >>2577460 >>2577482

File: IMG_20230309_092042.jpg (1.73 MB, 3264x2448)

>>2575936 (OP)
Not sure if this is the right thread to ask in, but it's my first time soldering and there is
a bunch of this yellow stuff all over my PCB.
I'm assuming that's flux? What's the easiest way to get rid of it? Will it just evaporate
if I heat it back up, or should I use something like cleaning alcohol to scrub it off?
I really don't like the look of it and parts of the PCB are going to be exposed once I'm
done.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)03:34:08 No.2577456 ▶

>>2577453
>I'm assuming that's flux?
Yes
>should I use something like cleaning alcohol to scrub it off?
It's most propably rosin residue which is completely harmless. The only reason you might want to remove
it is in fact for cosmetic reasons.
And yes, isopropyl alcohol works best. If you have an ESD safe brush, use it to rub it off in combination
with alcohol or if there aren't any susceptible components, just use a toothbrush.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)03:48:06 No.2577460 ▶ >>2577482 >>2577495 >>2578165

 >>2577452
>Am I wrong?

you're a noob so the answer to that questions is always gonna be yes.

pedals typ operate at AUX levels, which is, by convention, around 0.1Vrms
your scope is showing 500mV but we dont know how it's set up, so that could be RMS or peak or peak-to-
peak.
so, 0.5Vrms would be a tad high, but not so huge it's fatal.
if it's 0.5Vp-p, that's 0.17Vrms which is acceptable.

>>2577453
>easiest way to get rid of it?

easiest is to leave it alone.

spend the time you'd need to clean it to work on your autism instead.
if you cant overcome your cranial anomalies, alcohol and a toothbrush will fix the board.
(this comment might lead to another existential crises: do i use 50% alcohol, 75% or 99%? which one is
RIGHT? the answer to that is YES.)

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)04:55:07 No.2577482 ▶ >>2577495 >>2577507 >>2577508

>>2577453
Cleaning alcohol (preferably like 99%) with a toothbrush and maybe a kimwipe is the way to go. That flux
residue is almost completely harmless, but it is sticky and probably mildly corrosive. I wouldn't really worry
about corrosion unless it's a project meant to last 20+ years, or 5+ years in a particularly humid
environment. Those are just bullshit ballparks, take them with a grain of RMA.

>>2577460
>your scope is showing 500mV but we dont know how it's set up
It's a CRT (maybe a hybrid digital) scope, there probably won't be any dynamic amplitude measurement,
and there aren't any cursors on the screen. That will just be the V/div, same how the "T:500µs" is the
time/div. So that would mean 1.3Vpk-pk, or 0.46Vrms.

I think the "PT:50%" and "DC:27.5mV" are part of an internal function generator. I suspect the anon is just
feeding the sine out of the scope, into his tone circuit, and back into the scope. So the total amplitude
doesn't matter so long as he stays away from clipping and the total gain is sensible.

>>2577452
Hey plot both the before and after waveforms on the scope. All the tone should do is change the
amplitude (and phase somewhat) as a function of frequency, you'd be able to see that as you sweep the
frequency across the human hearing range. It would be easier to see with a wave that isn't a sine-wave,
like a square or sawtooth. You'd see the sharp corners get taken off a ~500Hz wave by the low-pass
functionality, and just the sharp corners left behind off a 20Hz wave by any high-pass functionality.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)05:17:28 No.2577490 ▶ >>2577494

>>2577272
>Plug it all back up
Reseating all the connectors should have been your 2nd step, after running the diag software.. It's not a
rare issue. A plug doesn't have to be visibly fucked up to be marginal. Back in the day Centronics plugs on
printers regularly had to be unplugged and plugged back in or they stopped working. My father has had a
problem with his monitor a few times. I told him to unplug and plug it back in and it worked.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)05:37:22 No.2577494 ▶

File: contact cleaner.jpg (42 KB, 768x768)

>>2577490
>unplug and plug it back in and it worked.

unless you give it a spritz of this, the problem is just gonna come back in a few
weeks.
(seems WD-40 is now offering a contact cleaner as well; tho oddly price seems to
vary from $7 to $23 from place to place for 11oz.)
>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)05:38:00 No.2577495 ▶

>>2577482
>I suspect the anon is just feeding the sine out of the scope, into his tone circuit, and back into the scope
No, I am using the aux of a phone to input the signal into the tone control and am measuring the output of
the circuit.

I don't know what that 27mV and 50% is.

But the other anon was right, that the voltage per division is around 500mV.

>>2577460
It's not a pedal though. It's an amplifier.
I also hooked it up to an amp circuit and am getting around 2v out of it.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)05:39:01 No.2577496 ▶ >>2577504

File: huh.png (81 KB, 1274x721)

What did I do wrong, Key Cat?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)06:33:56 No.2577504 ▶ >>2577520 >>2577530

>>2577496
Did you add edge cuts?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)06:47:46 No.2577507 ▶ >>2577514 >>2577963 >>2577979

File: pixlr_20230309124629946.jpg (1.34 MB, 2048x2048)

>>2577482
>Hey plot both the before and after waveforms
The square wave is completely scuffed for some
reason

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)06:48:55 No.2577508 ▶ >>2577963

File: DSC_0351.jpg (3 MB, 4000x3000)

>>2577482

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)06:58:04 No.2577514 ▶ >>2577516

>>2577507

your scope has 2 channels.

 you're supposed to use that to show in/out in a single pic.
doesnt matter if you only have one probe.
use a thick paper clip (or a nail) and a wire as a probe.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)06:59:57 No.2577516 ▶

>>2577514
OK. I will do that next time. But I think the picture shows indeed that the circuit is amplifying.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)07:05:29 No.2577520 ▶

>>2577504
No, I didn't.
Thanks Anon!

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)07:30:23 No.2577530 ▶ >>2577531 >>2578910

File: Bildschirmfoto_2023-03-09(...).png (200 KB, 1680x1050)

>>2577504
Is this a severe error?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)07:33:23 No.2577531 ▶ >>2577532

File: Bildschirmfoto_2023-03-09(...).png (47 KB, 675x550)

>>2577530
fixed it :^)

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)07:35:44 No.2577532 ▶

>>2577531
btw. this is an excellent introduction to KiCAD https://hackaday.com/2016/12/23/creating-a-pcb-in-
everything-kicad-part-3/

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)07:37:14 No.2577533 ▶ >>2577544

Here is the real electronics, ASIC design

https://youtu.be/69mdJv6fWXE [Embed]

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)08:10:57 No.2577543 ▶ >>2577644

File: tmp.png (176 KB, 1680x1050)

It's my first PCB

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)08:18:48 No.2577544 ▶

>>2577533
>watch later :^)

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)12:04:21 No.2577644 ▶ >>2577675

 >>2577543
Fair play.
Make sure you check everything well before getting it made.
My first PCB I used the wrong footprint for a MOSFET so the source and drain were in the wrong place and
my 2nd one I wired all my pots back to front in the schematic so turning the pots counterclockwise turned
them up and vise versa.

You don't need any holes to mount the board?

Or decoupling caps for whatever U1 is?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)13:33:44 No.2577675 ▶ >>2577696 >>2577954

>>2577644
Good thing where I'm "working" there's a CNC mill where I can have everything made FOR FREE.
So it's not that fatal if I mess something up.

>You don't need any holes to mount the board?

Thanks. I'll add that.
>decoupling caps for whatever U1 is?
It's a NAND gate.
There are two caps. I have the upper layer make a common VCC and lower layer GND. So they are
connected directly to that.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)14:22:14 No.2577696 ▶ >>2577954 >>2578002 >>2578005

>>2577675
Are the capacitors specifically for decoupling the power for the IC or they're for something else in the
circuit?
Generally you put a capacitor specifically to decouple the power on every IC on the board (100n ceramic
capacitor as a rule of thumb) and good design practice is to have it right beside the power pin of the IC

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)16:24:09 No.2577759 ▶ >>2577820

>>2576434
Veritassium's description of the problem is misleading. The keep point is "any current." So one electron
being moved by the electromagnetic field is going to qualify and "turn the lamp on." This of course doesn't
apply in the real world. One electron isn't going to turn a lamp on in any meaningful sense. Nor is a
handful of electrons.

AlphaPhoenix actually tested the experiment. The graphs at 18m07s should clear up what Veritassium
failed to explain. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Vrhk5OjBP8 [Embed]

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)16:55:43 No.2577781 ▶ >>2577801 >>2577859 >>2577950

File: Screenshot 2023-03-08 204639.png (939 KB, 1725x551)

PS2 gameconsoles sometimes have bad video output and these arrays of resistors
tend to be the culprit.

I can't find where I can cheaply order the part. I don't know how proprietary resistor networks can be? The
part number is 1-234-710-21 and the description is "Resistor Chip Network 47x8". I think the 47 means
that many ohms. Could I find an identical part without paying a ton for the Sony part that probably is out of
production?

This was talked about in a recent Louis Rossmann repair video. In the video (and the one his is based off)
both fix the issue by bridging the points with wire and the video is fixed, but I don't think that's safe for the
console longterm.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)17:21:22 No.2577801 ▶

>>2577781
It's 8 separate 47 ohm resistors in one package.
The case size seems to be metric 3816 which is a bit longer than metric 3216 (standard 1206)
 You'd probably get away with soldering a 1206 one on there no bother

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)17:52:44 No.2577820 ▶

>>2577759
I watched veritassium’s video, and the sad backpeddling video. The whole thing is a stunt/trick for
clickbait.
He also implies and confuses mathematical tools used for computing field strengths is actually how (and
fully explains) reality works, which is ludicrous (esp. if you’re into semiconductor physics)
Anyway, what happens is that you’ll see a small induced voltage in the wire almost immediately due to
magnetic (inductive) and electric field (capacitive) coupling.
The whole earth scale thing was just a bunch of misdirection.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)17:56:22 No.2577821 ▶

>>2576043
Just get a robot to do it at that point

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)17:58:42 No.2577824 ▶

>>2576164
You probably have type 2 diabetes

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)18:52:45 No.2577859 ▶ >>2577963

>>2577781
> resistor network failing
Sounds like the were fragile enough to get blown by static discharge. Just find the one that is bad, stick
(glue) a small smd on top of it, and wire it on the leads.

But yeah, 47 ohms isn’t a high value, prob fine if bridged, probably has protection on the source and dest
anyway.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)19:05:43 No.2577865 ▶ >>2577871 >>2577892

Not sure if this should go here or in /mcg/, but when should a microcontrollers DAC be used instead of
PWM + low pass filter? Is it just a way to save two components on the BOM?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)19:18:33 No.2577871 ▶ >>2577878

>>2577865
PWM + low pass filter can be annoying if you want low noise and quick changes. How do DAC outputs
usually work on MC's, R2R ladders?

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)19:39:27 No.2577878 ▶ >>2577881

>>2577871
For my purposes, low enough voltage ripple and fast enough response can be had easily with 100k and
100nF and a frequency of 1 Mhz

>Four 12 bit DAC channels (2 external buffered and 2 internal unbuffered) can be used to
convert digital signals into analog voltage signal outputs. The chosen design structure is
composed of integrated resistor strings and an amplifier in inverting configuration.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)20:06:29 No.2577881 ▶ >>2577892

>>2577878
if it has R2R DAC's just use those then. Setting up PWM sounds like more headache than it's worth.
>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)20:52:25 No.2577892 ▶

>>2577865
PWM+filter can be accurate and fast when you put an aggressive enough low-pass filter on it. You could
probably get 16 bits of resolution with enough filtration, nonlinearities notwithstanding. You often need to
buffer the output anyhow, so I’d recommend using a 2-pole sallen-key filter in that case to kill two birds
with one stone. If you don’t need to buffer them and are fine with the response time being orders of
magnitude lower than the PWM frequency, PWM with a passive output filter is perfectly fine. You can
stack passive filters if output impedance REALLY doesn’t matter, say if you’re driving the FET of a variable
load.
It’s an especially useful technique when you need a lot of analogue outputs, or when you’re trying to cut
down costs by using an MCU without a DAC.

>>2577881
From my experience with AVRs, the DAC is usually a bit easier than setting up the timer, but not hugely
so. More pressingly, often you want to use that timer for something else.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)21:41:10 No.2577910 ▶ >>2577928 >>2577963 >>2578115 >>2578117 >>2578119 >>2578166
>>2578208

"GreatScott" seems to have good videos but I cannot listen to him for longer than 10 seconds.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)22:27:56 No.2577928 ▶ >>2577941 >>2578208

>>2577910
Agreed, being ESL is not an excuse for his faggot retard diction

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)23:18:54 No.2577941 ▶

>>2577928
exactly, i get it he pwobably has a speech impediment on top of the accent as he cannot pwonounce the
R sound and that's annoying as fuck but he can't help it. but he also needs to dwop that pwetentious
cadence, gosh. maximum cwinge.

>> Anonymous 03/09/23(Thu)23:46:36 No.2577950 ▶ >>2577973

>>2577781
find the bad resistor pin, if it's open-circuited, add a 47ohm across it, if it's shorted, desolder and lift the
affected pin and break it off, then solder a 47ohm across it again. repeat for all bad pins.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)00:02:33 No.2577954 ▶

>>2577675
*NOT Gate
>>2577696
Yes, I'll rearrange them closer to the power pin.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)00:31:54 No.2577960 ▶ >>2577963

>>2575936 (OP)
Where can I get 18650s that actually work? Apparently the Epoch cells I got were dead on arrival, and I
need to make sure if I'm going to buy something a second time, it will actually work worth a damn

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)00:40:07 No.2577963 ▶ >>2578119 >>2578208 >>2578244

>>2577507
Looks like the gain is way too high for high frequencies, those spikes are 20 times higher than you'd
expect. Maybe there's a capacitor in parallel with the ground resistance (non-inverting) or input resistance
(inverting)? Does it change when you adjust the treble pot?
 That or it's not stable with fast edges and is oscillating.

>>2577508
Post a schematic instead.

>>2577859
>blown by static discharge
Across a 47Ω resistor? No way man, impedance matching would result in all the heat going into whatever is
in series with the ESD. Bet it's just cracking under flexing or thermal deformation.

>>2577910
I can stand him more than that ESL who puts an inflective emphasis on the end of every damn sentence.

>>2577960
2nd hand cells from laptop banks from local sellers is never a terrible way to go, but you're not getting top
quality. As for new name-brand cells, try services that make/sell e-bike batteries.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:04:29 No.2577973 ▶ >>2577975 >>2577982 >>2577991

>>2577950
>desolder
what's /ohm/'s opinion on cutting a track with a razor, scraping away some solder mask, and soldering the
resistor directly to it?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:06:32 No.2577974 ▶ >>2578222

>>2575977
What the fuck is rt?
A flux resistor??

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:07:12 No.2577975 ▶

>>2577973
not uncommon

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:24:50 No.2577979 ▶ >>2578101

File: sakura.gif (462 KB, 498x372)

>>2577507
Does this look fine, anon?
See, the scale is 500mv per division for all, except for the square wave where it's
going completely out of spec for some reason.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:27:34 No.2577982 ▶

>>2577973
Fine if it's the only way to fix it. I don't think you need to cut the trace in this instance though. Desoldering
might be a pain if you don't have the tools, but I've done SOICs using a piece of solid-core copper wire
bent across both rows of pins to reflow them all at once. Soldering an SMD resistor on top of the burnt out
one also works.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:37:09 No.2577991 ▶ >>2577992

>>2577973
My opinion is to not destroy the PCB if you don't have to. I am also pretty sure you can find a part like that
on digikey for a few pennies, you could replace it with an equivalent and not have a fucked up ps2 board.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)01:39:32 No.2577992 ▶ >>2578386 >>2578919

 >>2577991
>for a few pennies,

>Shipping is $12.99
>They flat out refuse to just throw it in an envelope with a $00.25 stamp even though the only way it'll break
in shipping is if they steamroll it

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)02:31:50 No.2578002 ▶

File: TTL.png (34 KB, 918x310)

>>2577696
There's a ceramic and an electrolytic cap that are both connected from
GND to VCC.
I put the ceramic cap right beside the power pins of the IC and left the electrolytic where it is.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)02:35:23 No.2578005 ▶ >>2578012

File: Bildschirmfoto_2023-03-10(...).png (139 KB, 1280x392)

>>2577696

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)03:08:33 No.2578012 ▶ >>2578013 >>2578103

>>2578005
>KiCAD Menu
>Plugin and Content Manager
>Repository
>Plugins
>Round Tracks
>Install
thank me later

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)03:12:49 No.2578013 ▶

>>2578012
We 1970 now

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)07:44:38 No.2578091 ▶

>>2576011
thermocouple

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)08:38:17 No.2578101 ▶

>>2577979
Anon?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)08:41:31 No.2578103 ▶ >>2578262

File: hdfslkah.png (97 KB, 740x608)

>>2578012
>install button is greyed out

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)09:16:35 No.2578115 ▶

>>2577910
Let's get started.
>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)09:18:42 No.2578117 ▶ >>2578119

>>2577910
I'd need subtitles to understand him properly.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)09:29:00 No.2578119 ▶ >>2578194

>>2577910
>>2577963
>>2578117
What about Robert Feranec?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)09:47:18 No.2578128 ▶

Are there any controls techs/engies here

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)11:26:24 No.2578155 ▶ >>2579520

Anyone design circuit boards for a living? What was your education and prior experience to get that job?

Ive worked on electronics without a degree for 15 years, but recently mangled my hands, and always
wanted to do PCB design.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)11:48:49 No.2578165 ▶

>>2577460
most flux is corrosive

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)11:50:00 No.2578166 ▶ >>2578368

>>2577910
That's why you have to watch Marco Reps instead.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmsBT3Fuggk&t=299s [Embed]

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)12:55:26 No.2578194 ▶

>>2578119
Tolerable

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)13:22:09 No.2578206 ▶ >>2578219

File: file.png (129 KB, 473x678)

can you guys help this brainlet on how to read this. I want to figure out where viewing area
(red cornered rectangle) position. So I want to calculate blue lines. Left, Right, Bottom and
Top

I think left and right is 3mm because Right is marked as 3mm (follow arrow). Since total
width is 42.72 (at top), viewing area is 36.72 so left also must be 3mm

But I have no idea for top and bottom. Help please

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)13:25:04 No.2578208 ▶

>>2577910
>>2577928
>>2577963
You are weak
>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)13:44:25 No.2578219 ▶
File: file.png (218 KB, 1183x1507)

>>2578206
I found more schematics and I think I figured it out (bottom is 8.26 + 10.41 and top is
3.03 + leftovers)

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)13:46:18 No.2578222 ▶ >>2578242

>>2577974
A potentiometer. RT = Resistance Treble.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)14:21:01 No.2578242 ▶ >>2578274

>>2578222
Oh shit I feel retarded, thanks
The blocky resistor threw me off, schematic symbol is squiggly and I would have recognized it instantly

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)14:23:10 No.2578244 ▶ >>2578368

>>2577963
>I can stand him more than that ESL who puts an inflective emphasis on the end of every damn sentence.
that sounds exactly like him. unless i confuse him with someone else. which channel are you referring to?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)14:55:49 No.2578262 ▶

File: Z(7).jpg (13 KB, 241x209)

>>2578103
Inorder to be that level of boomer you have to pay your taxes and write no less than
3 essays praising Israel OR comply with 16 unlawful orders by public officials.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)15:14:05 No.2578274 ▶ >>2578299

>>2578242
That's a Euro way of draw schematics.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)15:55:31 No.2578299 ▶ >>2578302 >>2578388 >>2578403

>>2578274
What's the name of this standard?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)16:02:41 No.2578302 ▶

>>2578299
IEC or something?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)17:11:06 No.2578337 ▶ >>2578368

File: Screenshot 2023-03-10 230959.png (95 KB, 740x924)

Seems like false advertising to call

it 14-stage
>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)17:26:36 No.2578349 ▶ >>2578352 >>2578409
File: 1678487192743.jpg (1.89 MB, 1908x1351)

Ok, I found a tube preamp for a guitar cabinet under my bed. Some years ago I
disassembled it in order to fix, even bought some new switches and unsoldered old
ones, but then life happened I forgot about its existence. I had photos of the
connections on my old phone, those are long gone.

How can I fix it if there's no schematic? What would be your procedure if someone
came to your cave, asked to do it and payed lots of money?

The preamp is valuable in sence it's somewhat unique and not sold for decades, so I'd like to fix it.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)17:33:24 No.2578352 ▶ >>2578353

>>2578349
Dust it off with a paintbrush and vacuum it. Clean all of the pots, jacks and switches with contact cleaner.
Reflow all of the solder joints. Replace all of the electrolytic caps. Clean the tube sockets and pins.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)17:38:45 No.2578353 ▶ >>2578356

>>2578352
But I don't know where those broken/unsoldered wires go anymore. I removed some of the switches and
some wires broke because it was all dangly and weak.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)17:43:11 No.2578356 ▶ >>2578369

>>2578353
Well you need to find a schematic or start mapping it out yourself. What's the make and model?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:02:07 No.2578368 ▶ >>2578374 >>2578375 >>2578380

>>2578166
Really like this guy.

>>2578244
Nah Scott is like an oxford graduate in comparison, this inflection was REALLY bad. Can't remember his
name now though, I thought it was Electronoobs but after checking it definitely isn't.

>>2578337
It is, it just doesn't present all of its outputs. The output is 2^14 times lower frequency than the input (I
think), it only presents the outputs considered useful for its purpose (stepping down a 32.768kHz crystal).

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:04:09 No.2578369 ▶ >>2578373

>>2578356
Oh fuck, I'm a total noob in electronics, I can solder but not develop... I bought it used in mid 2000s, it's a
BMT TubeWizard from Ukraine, there's no way schematics exist for the thing. I will try to contact the
manufacturer, but I have little chances of success.

In the meantime can you suggest youtube tutorial how to reverse engineer a pcb?
>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:14:45 No.2578373 ▶

>>2578369
I don't know any youtube reverse engineering tutorials, anon. Sorry. Here's some pics though:
https://guitarplayer.ru/equipment-craft/tube-wizard-budem-modit/15/

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:15:21 No.2578374 ▶ >>2578380

>>2578368
I'm sure it has 14 stages but users would never be able to tell if it only had 13, would they?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:15:28 No.2578375 ▶

>>2578368
>it just doesn't present all of its outputs
That still sounds like a fraud

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:20:15 No.2578380 ▶ >>2578384

>>2578374
>>2578368
Oh nevermind, what they call Q13 is actually the same as what every other manufacturer calls Q14

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:37:01 No.2578384 ▶ >>2578417

>>2578380
Who the hell start counting at 1?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:43:21 No.2578386 ▶

>>2577992
> steamroll it.

I can assure you that shipping/import/customs companies encourage employees to steamroll, bend,
spindle, mutilate, up end, crush, kick, puncture, immerse, loose, discard and steal packages that are not
tracked, registered with “premium” options.

It actually costs, say, amazon *more* money to artificially delay cheaper non “next day shipping options
rather than just send it out asap as is their normal process.

The last thing I actually received in unregistered normal mail as an old nintendo cartridge. This was within
my own country, i convinced the ebay seller just to do that… at least 15 years ago. I’ve received ZERO
things from hobby king, for example that went by untracked mail, and I’m pretty sure for other things, the
actual postman stole them because I know it got here.

Not paying $12 shipping on a 50 cent amass connector.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)18:51:00 No.2578388 ▶ >>2578419 >>2578457 >>2578616

>>2578299
> rectangle resistors, name of standard is IEC
No, it’s called “wrong” doesn't need any other name.
Don’t draw them that way.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)19:27:22 No.2578403 ▶ >>2578405 >>2578419 >>2578927

>>2578299
The story has it that it was the French who came up with that symbol since they are really bad at
resistance.
>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)19:33:21 No.2578405 ▶

>>2578403
Heh, but in reality I think it's just german autism. My german power electronics professor is the only
person in Yurop I've met who uses these symbols

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)19:54:58 No.2578409 ▶ >>2578475

File: screen-0032.png (44 KB, 1102x381)

I just started reversing the schematic from here >>2578349 and already got
stomped. WTF IS THIS??? How is this possible?

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)20:15:44 No.2578417 ▶

>>2578384
You can't begin soldering at pin null god damn it

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)20:15:49 No.2578418 ▶ >>2578438 >>2578452 >>2578614

File: EinsyRambo.png (1.03 MB, 1024x1024)

Hello /ohm/, /3dpg/ tourist here.

First, what's the point of these big fuses in pic related? As most boards seem to do
well enough without burning down your house these days, are they even necessary?
Second, considering every driver breakout board comes with a potentiometer to
adjust to your motors, how do these kinds of board without potentiometers work? Do
they just kinda average the reference, or is in this example Prusa basically locking
everyone into their specific LDO motors?
Last, but not least, given there's 1 driver for two (z) motors, doesn't that mean that
particular driver is stressed far more than the others or is there some kind of duplicating magic going on
here?
If haven't already, please do assume me a moron. I'm just trying to finally catch up on electronics and see
if i can make some sense out of my prusa in comparison to other machines.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)20:16:53 No.2578419 ▶

>>2578388
That's what I can call it
Like they made schematics in Ms paint

>>2578403
Fucking kek

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)21:12:40 No.2578438 ▶ >>2578657

>>2578418
> bigass car fuses
They are avalable everywhere, dirt cheap, standard, and low voltage. And pretty colors. Cars have a
bunch of similar motors and solenoids on them too.
Cheap insurance incase the output driver goes into oscillation in case this is some kind of “open source”
project put forth by a tard.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)21:32:41 No.2578452 ▶ >>2578657

>>2578418
>fuses
firstly its the last line of defence. if something goes massively wrong and the circuit is overloaded or short
circuited, the fuse will blow and cut the power before anything else gets damaged. secondly, regulation. to
sell commercial products, especially cucked nations like europe or australia you need to get regulation
and having fuses is part of that.

>how do they work they work without pots

 see that massive chip in the middle of the board. it controls the 4 motor drivers on the bottom. it is usually
done this way too. breakout boards for stepper motos with pots are a special case because either a. the
driver chip allowes analog input or b. the analog input is converted to something else the driver chip
recognises

>kinda average the reference, or is in this example Prusa basically locking everyone into their specific LDO
motors
i have no idea what youre trying to say here.
those 4 things at the bottom are stepper motor drivers. steppers are 2 phase motors that need a special
setup to rotste. the driver chip works by carefully switching the 2 phases on/off for each of the motors to
make them rotate a specific direction and speed. this is translated usually from a PWM signal coming from
the big chip (microcontroller).

>z motor
its likely got 2 outputs on one driver chip but runs in parallel. so it wont be stressed if this is the case. if not
then its in direct parallel so the answer im becomes maybe. get a DMM and probe the 2 z motor headers and
see if all the pins are connected. even so, if the driver chip is rated to run at or more than the power required
for each motor, then it will still be fine for many years. its actually probably better to have 2 z motors because
the build plate is heavy

3D printing motor control systems are pretty complex for someone who knows nothing about electronics. ive
glossed over a lot of the details but basically...
>big chip control small chip control big motor
>fuse stop explodey things

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)21:44:34 No.2578457 ▶ >>2578630

File: A24E1B6B-4BEE-494E-ABA3-6(...).jpg (24 KB, 874x176)

>>2578388
That’s not that bad, look at what the IEC tried to do with logic symbols.

I mean, that is actual criminal retardation. All the people that developed that are now working on the IEC
standard for the 53 different sexuality pronouns.

Well, thank god it went nowhere, or if it did go somewhere, it and everything else connected to it can be
safely ignored.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)21:58:34 No.2578462 ▶ >>2578466 >>2578958

File: screen-0033.png (43 KB, 1173x353)

How are you doing it, it's way too complicated and takes tons of time? That's 3 hours
or so, just a small portion of scheme.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)22:10:53 No.2578466 ▶ >>2578482

>>2578462
I think there might be a full bridge rectifier in there, but I can’t tell because it’s drawn in an obfuscated way

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)22:28:02 No.2578475 ▶ >>2578482

>>2578409
>How is this possible?

reason is you suck at tracing circuitry.

D1 to D4 should be drawn like this: https://www.falstad.com/circuit/circuitjs.html?

ctz=CQAgzCAMB0l3BGEBOaB2AHGZyMBYBWMANgwCYEIy0QDbJaBTAWgQQC
gA3ENYhgshh59wpKCCRl4DMBgbyo0AuwAqw-oJRiSQ+dDyK2R4ybaLiCDGgRoyeSGzzI2N
ZgWjECeNM6I+yJNSKOMjsACYoUiB4eELIYvYMZCBhjABmAIYArgA2AC7hWkKJEg7E0bEgy
amZuQURyFExcQnxVSnp2fmF8cVtCGUVQtWddewA7kWiLcVwUBNTTuW9tJqQ7ABOEgMGzdu
QBgIKYAsDCOV7bAdD85ONDHv3tCLrd1EEIleHL6c7qwxfZ7ydgAYwkZDsNwQEO+ChgDiqe
 GglkwkDIREoMOur32sPBkI+wMmgJiAL+JRxJLm0PO0TmlIoF2pMLpRPxu3s7JuDMhJWhvM
5lPJnJJlXWAHsQEIkA9IDg6eDoLp2kITpLKBJxHgLEhOeiPJrkhqTkA

D6,D7 should be drawn like this: https://www.falstad.com/circuit/circuitjs.html?ctz=CQAgjCAMB0l3BWK0wIB

xgCwGYBsl8FcB2LHEATkhCXIQFMBaMMAKADdxNNxjcueAJiJRwIfOAqjqMBKwAmIQZmpgJ
2QaomCQ8+gDMAhgFcANgBcFIDaoo7lt+7oMmLrAOYClIskuI6ZVgB3LzA+UIlIYIjqB3BI
6Li1WJVJANZNKRtvfmywO2lYSAgwNGhMYmLBbEgKNEw0PEg0UTZM63qlZo6hf0K4ErLMXH
rh3ARIGu5BAPAPa00chdi+wM9sTsE+jaE0FsCQvIKGxyhona6Wi+Szw86bvIS7nhuT+MCA
JxBuFq2dH8uohmrC+2AQOjBEPBflmwMO0L+1mh+XSIQBmhaAJuUXW0MhSIhI2k83RfXRe2
JeExaC01EwFH42LOVO+NLS3wZ7MCAHsuOIeHTalJFjB4LU+ERhEC+dhWEA

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)22:35:57 No.2578482 ▶ >>2578493

>>2578475
>>2578466
There's no full bridge rectifier... Maybe somewhere down the road, but not here so far. I do suck though,
I've never done something like this before.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)22:49:02 No.2578493 ▶ >>2578502

>>2578482
>There's no full bridge rectifier.

sure there is.

if you draw it right.
in both cases,
- one side of transformer goes to + of one diode and - of another
- other side of transformer does the same with 2 other diodes
- the 2 positive sides after the diodes join up and go to the + of cap
- the 2 negative sides after the diode join up and go to - of cap (ground)

in both drawings all connections match, so you have a FW rectifier.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)23:01:25 No.2578502 ▶ >>2578505 >>2578614 >>2578621

File: IMG_20230311_045909.jpg (824 KB, 1254x1200)

>>2578493
> - one side of transformer goes to + of one diode and - of another
Yes.
> - other side of transformer does the same with 2 other diodes
No. Here's the picture I took of the 12.4V lines. As you can see both + and - get
onto same diode polarity.

>> Anonymous 03/10/23(Fri)23:05:14 No.2578505 ▶ >>2578697

>>2578502
>Here's the picture

that picture 100% verifies my claim.

but dont sweat it, just keep on truckin'
you gotta lot of work to do.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)03:08:27 No.2578614 ▶ >>2578657 >>2578697

File: tegaki.png (3 KB, 200x200)

>>2578418
>a potentiometer to adjust to your motors
That sets the current driven to the motor. Though I think some printer setups do that
in software instead. Too low a current and the motor torque drops so you skip steps,
too high a current and the motor and driver get too hot.
 >doesn't that mean that particular driver is stressed far more than the others
Yes and no. If you were just driving constant-voltage square waves then yeah it would
be outputting twice the current, and so would be getting twice as hot. But if you're
running a driver with current control like an A4988 (read the datasheet if you're
interested) the output current will be limited. In the case of running two stepper motors
off one driver, if the current setpoint isn't changed, each motor will only get half the
normal current, and hence only half the torque each. I imagine the current is set higher
for those steppers.

I'll note that running multiple steppers off one driver is kinda shit. Better off just using one stepper and a belt
between the two Z-screws. That way you can tune the levelling using some sort of idler system, instead of
having to get it level solely using shims (or by ramming the bed into end-stops like that sovol).

>>2578502
bro that is a full bridge rectifier
and the ac lines aren't + or -, they're ac

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)03:11:22 No.2578616 ▶

>>2578388
OK, Boomer.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)03:22:34 No.2578621 ▶ >>2578697

>>2578502
>As you can see both + and - get onto same diode polarity.
Look more closely, think abut the traces.
Top line: bottom of NE diode & top of SE
Bottom line: bottom of NW diode & top of SW

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)03:34:22 No.2578630 ▶ >>2578633 >>2578636

>>2578457
They made them look that way for a reason. It makes them much less ambiguous. Take the ANSI AND
and OR as an example: if you draw those symbols by hand it doesn't take much to turn AND into OR if
you don't draw curves in just a right way. With IEC it's impossible to mix them up.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)03:46:50 No.2578633 ▶

>>2578630
>doesn't take much to turn AND into OR
Or is a concave slice of AND about 30% its width, so yes, it does

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)03:53:42 No.2578636 ▶ >>2578645 >>2578664

>>2578630
considering the scaling, i'd say it's at least as easy to turn ≥1 into =1

i mean cmon, those symbols on them aren't even the same as any symbols for the operations
themselves. why ≥ and =?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)04:20:23 No.2578645 ▶ >>2578669

>>2578636
>why ≥ and =?
It's actually a nice trick that extends functionality. You can have ≥2, ≥3 which mean output activates when
2 or more inputs are active. Same with =n, which activates output when exactly n inputs are active, this
then has something to do with changing addition modulo, because XOR is addition mod 2. So yes,
symbols do represent operations.
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)04:56:42 No.2578657 ▶ >>2578713

>>2578438
>in case this is some kind of “open source” project
I think it is?
https://reprap.org/wiki/Rambo_v1.2
It is the controller board of one of the most known "just werks" 3d printer, the prusa mk3s. As you assume
it's made a retard, why is that so, any obvious flaws to see?

>>2578452
>fuses
>regulation
Guess that makes sense. Frankly i didn't think of comparing controller boards by heritage yet.

>kinda average the reference, or is in this example Prusa basically locking everyone into their specific
LDO motors
>i have no idea what youre trying to say here.
First, to clarify, i call the potentiometer reference as that's what most more technical guides call it. Second,
it makes more sense with the answer by >>2578614. Given LDO and Moons motors as example, you'll
usually set reference lower for LDO and higher for Moons. As this option doesn't exist without reference, i
was a bit confused how else this would be handled.

>>2578614
>Though I think some printer setups do that in software instead
Looks like it's really that simple, the exception being rather older 8bit main chips and offering a more
hands down approach to tinkerers. Guess it was just too obvious.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)05:23:09 No.2578663 ▶ >>2578958 >>2579023 >>2579633

File: file.png (367 KB, 1040x1229)

what would happen if i used this thermistor rated for 150c to measure
temps up to 250?
will it melt or something? i only need precision within 10C

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)05:28:56 No.2578664 ▶

>>2578636
The explanations for that are all written in the new universal language everyone speaks: esparanto, and
typed on a dvorak keyboard, the layout everyone uses.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)05:51:51 No.2578669 ▶ >>2578681

>>2578645
Glad they felt the need to “explain” how logic works in every single gate. Except for and, of course.
Why not use the symbols logicians have used for centuries so people will understand that?
The reason is that the developers of that IEC “standard” were likely uneducated and/or ignorant, and
probably never heard of DeMorgan or Bool.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)06:24:05 No.2578681 ▶

>>2578669
Standards evolve from practical experiences. You're looking at this from academic/theoretical perspective,
but enough people in the industry had problems with old style symbols that they had to use something
else. You're being unfair to IEC because you're only looking at fraction of basic functions, but the point of
standard is to deal with much larger complexities. IEC logic symbols are an engineering tool capable of
much greater abstraction.
https://www.ti.com/lit/ml/sdyz001a/sdyz001a.pdf
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)07:35:46 No.2578697 ▶ >>2578958
File: IMG_20230311_133050.jpg (571 KB, 1024x768)

>>2578505
>>2578614
>>2578621
If it is a full bridge rectifier (ive marked it on the right side of the picture), then the
outer line is GND or DC-. How 16.8VAC output from transformer (yellow lines
marked on the left) simply connect to this DC- then? It's so fucking confusing.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)08:24:25 No.2578713 ▶ >>2578718

>>2578657
>LDO
>moons
ive literally never heard anyone call a stepper motor this. are these brands or something? anyway
reference may not be even set in software it might be some sort of zener diode to give the correct
reference for each chip

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)08:30:54 No.2578716 ▶ >>2578741

File: level shift.png (8 KB, 311x254)

I have a active low reset pin on a 3.3v ic that i need to control from a 5v output pin of
an I/O-expander. The reset pin is internally pulled up to Vcc (3.3v) by a 30k-80k
resistor. It needs to be kept low att startup and not let go until some other stuff boots
up. After that it should be held high mostly. The expander has push pull outputs and
at startup they are configured as high-z inputs. I dont know how fast they configure
so i put a cap to make to input not go high by the pullup to 5v before the expander
configures. And also a diode to shift from 5v to 3.3v. Will this work as intended or is
there something i've overlooked? The reset pin has a max low input of 0.9 v

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)08:35:00 No.2578718 ▶ >>2578740

>>2578713
Yeah, those are brands. You'll see them a lot when looking for Voron 3d printers or mods in general.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)09:47:02 No.2578740 ▶ >>2578892

>>2578718
lol better to use the type of motor to describe it because LDO is a term used when talking about voltage
regulators

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)09:50:13 No.2578741 ▶ >>2578940

>>2578716
nmoswith the gate pulled up to 5V. at sysgem turn on the pull up will turn on fet thus keeping the pin low.
when the gate is at 0 or low, the reset pin will be pulled high through its own pull up

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)11:13:10 No.2578778 ▶ >>2578835 >>2578848 >>2578852 >>2578960

>>2576025
Lead free solder is shit

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)12:42:42 No.2578835 ▶

File: did someone mention shit.jpg (119 KB, 381x410)

>>2578778
did someone say
''shit''?
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)12:44:54 No.2578838 ▶ >>2578891

Lead free is like onions milk?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)12:55:57 No.2578848 ▶ >>2578852

>>2578778
Enjoy your nerve damage

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:00:00 No.2578852 ▶ >>2578958 >>2578960

>>2576025
>>2578778
>>2578848
Which lead free solder is the best? I heard there are large differences, and the better ones are patented.
Choosing the right one can't be trivial. I'm relatively content with Sn99.3CuNiGe, but I'm a casual.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:23:45 No.2578875 ▶ >>2578884 >>2578886 >>2578909

my friend told me of an issue with a device design at his job. Evidently they're trying to run 3.3V i2c over
10 feet and it's experiencing noise issues.
Now I'm not very experienced but I still want to think of a way to fix it, for fun. Could a level shifter be used
to step up the voltage of the i2c signal, and on the other end, step it back down to whatever it is it's
transmitting to?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:35:03 No.2578884 ▶ >>2578899

>>2578875
Yup.
>I2C level shifters, buffers and hubs strengthen your I2C bus signal and prevent heavy bus-capacitance
loading.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:35:42 No.2578886 ▶ >>2578899 >>2579030

>>2578875
With 10 feet of distance you need to be careful about how you do things because you're dealing with
transmission lines. What you need to do is something like
https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/application-note/AN11075.pdf
Use standard CAT5e Ethernet cable and appropriate buffer. You can't just take any old cable and even if
you change voltages it won't do much better. A proper setup like in app note should work up to 60 feet.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:38:05 No.2578891 ▶ >>2579062

File: Screenshot from 2023-03-1(...).png (16 KB, 527x348)

>>2578838
More like cactus in the ass.
It is really demanding of the iron

Here is some "mom im thermal engineer" stimulation of hakko 900M, hakko

900M + sleeve, hakkp t12
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:40:53 No.2578892 ▶

>>2578740
Now that's something i never heard of . Still a good read, these things seem pretty useful.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:50:20 No.2578899 ▶ >>2578916

>>2578886
shit I didn't even think of that. I'm looking through that AN now.
Help me understand this: Given that i2c runs at 100-400 KHz (I don't believe the circuit is using any of the
faster modes), that would imply that the wavelength is at most about 750 meters. Why is it that the 10
foot/3.04 meter cable acts as a transmission line for something with a wavelength of 750 meters?

>>2578884
based thank you

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:55:25 No.2578905 ▶

>>2577301
you can cut the line, just keep the ground intact but i don't think it's necessary, most products will place a
diode to prevent current from flowing through the 5V usb node. I can't guarantee you that this is the case
with the arduino since I don't have the schematics. Furthermore, if it's a chinese knockoff, all bets are off
on what shortcuts they took and what parts they cut off from the design.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:59:03 No.2578909 ▶ >>2578914

>>2578875
>i2c over 10 feet
Why.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)13:59:27 No.2578910 ▶

>>2577530
the courtyard is outside of your edge, which if the edge is the dimension of the pcb would mean your
diode would stick out to the side. As long as the hole/pad your diode is soldered to is not too close to the
edge (how close, look at the PCB manufacturer specifications), you should be fine, but better to fix it to
avoid nasty surprises.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)14:01:11 No.2578914 ▶

>>2578909
because their EE is a moron who doesn't know his ass from a hole in the ground and I want to take his job

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)14:03:37 No.2578916 ▶ >>2578958

>>2578899
You need to forget about clock frequency and consider edges - that's where all the high frequency content
is. Sure clock is 100kHz, but rise time is 1000ns in normal mode and anywhere from 20-100ns in fast
mode (400kHz). Bandwidth required is equal to 0.35/rise time. For slow mode (up to 100kHz) its 350KHz,
for fast it can be anywhere from 3.5 to 17.5MHz. As a rule of thumb, transmission line effects start to
happen at 1/20 wavelength so for slow mode 43m, fast mode anywhere from 4.3m to 0.8m. Remember
lumped element model holds for dimensions much smaller than wavelength, that much smaller is
sometimes factor of 10 or 20, but at 1 wavelength you're already deep in transmission line territory.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)14:05:47 No.2578919 ▶

>>2577992
go to an electronic shop next to your home then. I don't know where you live, but if you live in a major city,
you'll probably have a few of those. Alternatively, try aliexpress if you're willing to wait for 3 months for the
parts to show up.
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)14:15:13 No.2578927 ▶

>>2578403
topkek

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)14:34:49 No.2578940 ▶ >>2578965

File: level shift.png (12 KB, 416x335)

>>2578741
>nmoswith the gate pulled up to 5V. at sysgem turn on

Do you mean the expander output? It says its high z at reset. I guess the problem is
that i want to have a default pulldown of both the reset pin and the expander output
at startup, or somehow make it so that the high z expander output doesnet pull the
reset pin high. I've come up with pic related. the problem is that the voltage on the
reset pin i the ce voltagedrop which equals be voltage drop, and it feels dangerously close to the max
input low of 0.9v of the reset pin

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)15:10:32 No.2578958 ▶ >>2579072

File: tegaki.png (3 KB, 200x200)

>>2578663
Likely loses its linearity past that so you'd need to calibrate it with your own lookup
table, may also not go back to the same resistance after cooling down. May burn.

>>2578697
>then the outer line is GND or DC-
GND specifically. DC- has a somewhat different implication. By tying one pin of the
16.8VAC winding directly to GND, they can use a half-wave rectifier to get a DC
voltage. Why use a half-wave rectifier even though the ripple is worse? Because you can use one twice,
one for a positive rail and one for a negative rail. See >>2578462, D6 makes a +16.8V rail, while D7
makes a -16.8V rail, both referenced to GND. Hence C5 being the other way around from all the other
caps. Pic related is how I'd draw it, positive rails above ground and negative rails below it.
Also D5 might be a zener diode, see if you can read its value.

>>2578852
The 99% tin stuff is just a pain to work with, doesn't flow nearly as nicely as leaded. But bismuth solder on
the other hand, that's the real good stuff. You can get alloys that melt as low if not lower than leaded
solder, and it flows nicely. Was using it for a year without knowing it had bismuth, got a rude surprise when
I realised normal 99%Sn stuff doesn't act the same, and when I realised LCSC stopped selling rolls of
solder so I can't tack on another roll to my order.

>>2578916
>Bandwidth required is equal to 0.35/rise time
interdasting

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)15:12:50 No.2578960 ▶ >>2579016

>>2576032
Well, 440C in my case.
>>2578778
yeah
>>2578852
Sn95/Sb5
Because this is the shit you use for plumbing.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)15:17:21 No.2578965 ▶ >>2579051

File: tegaki.png (3 KB, 200x200)

>>2578940
This is what the other guy was implying. There will be a very low voltage drop across
 the MOSFET while it's turned on, which will be the default while the logic buffer isn't
active.

Your image there would always have a 0.6V drop across the PNP, and a further 0.6V
drop across the diode, so it wouldn't get lower than 1.2V or so. If you ditched the 10k
pullup and the diode, and replaced the PNP+pulldown with an
NPN+pullup+base_resistor, then you'd only have the collector-emitter saturation voltage
of 0.3V or so between the reset pin and ground.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:01:32 No.2579009 ▶

File: 2023-03-11-160054_766x93_scrot.png (15 KB, 766x93)

mmmm are you sure

about that babygirl

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:07:19 No.2579016 ▶ >>2579062

>>2578960
>lead near plumbing for fresh water supply
Sure, ingesting more lead will make you immune to lead. But how is this related to electronics soldering?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:17:07 No.2579023 ▶

>>2578663
those are NTC thermistors. They are usually used to limit inrush current, where initially when they are
cold, they have high resistance, and as current flows through, they heat up and turn into short circuits. I
don't think they are great as temperature sensors since as things heat up, they end up becoming more
conductive, which means more current and more heat, i.e. thermal runaway. So if you're going to use
those as a temperature sensor, make sure that you limit the current through them with an actual resistor in
series. Furthermore, their temp vs resistance curve is non-linear, so you have to compensate for that in
your software. There is a way apparently to linear it somewhat, read this:
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/8754/how-to-measure-temperature-using-a-ntc-
thermistor

Finally, operating them at above the specified temperature might or might not destroy them, but if it
doesn't, then you will most likely get garbage data that is extremely inaccurate due to the curve flattening
out (even for +/-10C accuracy). In this specific case, the operating range is up to 125C, not 150C, that's
only for short periods, so operating them at 250C which is twice the maximum rating will definitely destroy
it. Use an actual temperature sensor or thermocouple for your application that is within the temperature
range you want to measure if you can, you can probably find temperature ICs that are more accurate and
are actually cheaper than the NTC thermistor. Depending on your application and circuitry, they might also
be easier to use than the NTC thermistor.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:26:01 No.2579030 ▶

>>2578886
> cat 5
Cat 6 is very common now, it has thicker wires so less voltage drop. Practice good shielding techniques.
3.3v doesn’t seem too bad for 10 ft, but yeah, buffers wouldn’t hurt. If you can find the noise source
(led/fluroescent ballasts, your cheap-ass psu, guy watching tiktok on cellphone right next to the test
bench) eliminate those. Sometimes is you look at the power spectrum you can see a line of some shit that
shouldn’t be there.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:28:33 No.2579034 ▶ >>2579047 >>2579064

I'm pretty decent at DIY in general, and while electronics is not my strongest skill, I've never met a
challenge I wasn't up to.
However now I'm trying to plan a project for which the knowledge of what products are out there is
essential, and that I don't have.
I want to set up four moisture sensors in planters, these would be connected to some sort of
microcontroller powered by one of those small solar panels (don't need measurements at night anyway).
The microcontroller would then transmit the data regarding to the moisture readings wirelessly to another
 microcontroller inside my house (ideally some sort of p2p thing, not WiFi). To this indoors microcontroller I'd
hook up a small display to get the readings.
I know how I'd tackle the rest of the hardware (I'd 3D print a housing for the outdoors microcontroller, etc) but
in regards to the electronics hardware, I don't even know where to start looking, there's a billion things out
there and without the knowledge of what's available I'm struggling to start this project.

Suggestions? (Is my idea flawed btw?)

just to clarify, the planters are right next to each other, so I was planning to have a single microcontroller for
all four sensors
also, if the sort of microcontroller that could do this is too powerhungry for a small solar panel, I could
improvise a way to get power to it via a barreljack or something

I have done things with arduinos before, in fact I have an arduino uno sitting around catching dust right now,
but other than that my experience with microcontrollers is limited, I'm more used to working with SBCs but
that would probably be overkill here

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:32:32 No.2579039 ▶

What tool do you use to draw a layout of panel connectors, buttons, switches, terminals, etc. and how
they connect to the main board? I guess I could just use any tool like KiCad and draw them schematically.
But I'd like to also draw the actual physical panel with the proper holes for various connectors etc. What's
even the proper terminology for that ?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:40:03 No.2579047 ▶

>>2579034
>ideally some sort of p2p thing, not WiFi
I played with transcervers before. Those are cheap and easy to program. But that was years ago and
probably there are better chips. They had a pretty decent range.
SI4432 (470Mhz to 900Mhz) NRF24L01+ (2.4 Ghz). There are easy to use libraries for them. So you can
either design your own handshake / protocol on top of that or just send / receive raw bytes.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)16:44:01 No.2579051 ▶ >>2579075

>>2578965
I need the diode for levelshifting because the reset input isn't 5v tolerant. But your solution will probably
work with a diode if i use a schottky. Thanks

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:02:22 No.2579062 ▶ >>2579065

>>2579016
Uhh. I meant that lead-free should be only used for plumbing lol.
Still. I could solder 3/4 copper pipe with small butane torch if solder was 50/50 leaded, but with 95/5 lead-
free it was taking too much time and I bought a mapp gas torch.
Same is true for electronics solder. I got Sn99Ag0.3Cu0.7, I had to crank up to like 440C. Then I added
shim between heating element and tip and it started behaving much better. Still not leaded solder.
>>2578891

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:03:35 No.2579064 ▶ >>2579076

File: Screenshot_20230311_224717.png (118 KB, 1555x810)

>>2579034
WiFi would simplify a lot of things though, because you can just offload data
collection to server with something like InfluxDB. Then you just run a grafana
instance and you get custom dashboard in minutes which also allows you to see the
data in a way you would never be able to do with some tiny screen attached to arduino. I did this for my
central heating wood fired furnace to see if I need to add more logs to the fire and to potentially prevent it
from getting too hot because air regulator gets stuck sometimes. You can even setup triggers to sound
alarms if you want. I built it using arduino, a couple of thermistors and esp8266 in 2 days and it still works
flawlessly and now I have months worth of temperature data.
 I had originally planned to do it as custom hardware with LCD display, but it's just 10 times more work for an
inferior solution that is also less reliable because debugging embedded hardware just isn't fun when
intermittent faults happen once every few weeks. Embrace the IoT bloat and just use other people's code,
because 95% of your problem is already solved, you just need to connect few things together.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:04:17 No.2579065 ▶ >>2579070

>>2579062
I'm doing fine with 400°C.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:18:43 No.2579070 ▶

>>2579065
Some of my tips are pure copper so it is not that great as they would just disappear at 400C.
With lead-free you kinda want T12-alike irons i think

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:20:20 No.2579072 ▶ >>2579075 >>2579081

File: screen-0035.png (27 KB, 1071x669)

>>2578958
Thank you anon, you helped a lot. I started the scheme from scratch in KiCAD and
it's much better than EasyEDA. I also took photos of the board from both sides, it's
also easier than spining heavy and fiddly pcb in hands.
The diode marking is like 1R5 ZY 9.1 but it is very hard to see, maybe some letters
are wrong. But it should be zener.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:27:23 No.2579075 ▶ >>2579143

>>2579051
no diode is needed as no current flows through the transistor from base to collector or gate to drain
simulate the N-channel MOSFET or NPN BJT circuit and see for yourself

>>2579072
The ZY9.1 is a 2W 9.1V zener diode, which makes things easy. No clue what the 1R5 means, probably
just a manufacturer specific marking.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:34:16 No.2579076 ▶ >>2579094

>>2579064
>because 95% of your problem is already solved, you just need to connect few things together.
Not him but that sounds incredibly depressing. That is true though. If you ever think of building literally
anything just look around, someone has already built it and put it in production and you can buy it really
cheap. Which is why this hobby is more about learning things out of curiosity. But you can always say fuck
it and take the instant gratification route and connect a few things together and pretend that you've "built"
it.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:40:42 No.2579081 ▶ >>2579086

>>2579072
I'm looking at this project you're doing and it looks interesting, QRD? You're reverse engineering some
kind of board?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:44:41 No.2579084 ▶ >>2579319

I want to build a shitty proof-of-concept oscilloscope. This means I need a front-end. Originally (a while
back), I was going to use op-amps for their ease of gain setting.
However, now I know much more about their non-optimal behavior.

If you guys were to build a basic front-end for a shitty proof-of-concept digital sillyscope, would you use an
op-amp based one, or use transistor amplifiers?
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:50:04 No.2579086 ▶ >>2579096

>>2579081
I do try to reverse a board but im a total noob. This is a tube preamp for guitar.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)17:58:11 No.2579094 ▶ >>2579136

>>2579076
>instant gratification route and connect a few things together and pretend that you've "built" it.
What difference does it make? You're already using an IC that is basically alien technology which you will
never be able to make yourself. Or take a C compiler for example. Slapping a library on top of tens of
millions of lines of code and complex algorithms that were developed by multiple people over 70+ years
which together took more time to develop than several hundred average lifespans of a person. Can you
really say you built anything at this point? Not to mention all the mining, chemistry, logistics and other
things that happen in the background so you can get your IC. We're all just connecting things together
and sometimes we like to pretend that connecting things together in a roundabout way is somehow better,
because reinventing a wheel for a hundredth time is a good way to spend your evenings.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)18:04:17 No.2579096 ▶

>>2579086
Ah looks like a cool project, but every time I see the word guitar, I lose interest because I can't play the
guitar lol.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)18:06:50 No.2579098 ▶ >>2579100 >>2579101

Is it possible that manufacturer of a voltage regulator flipped pins at some points and now the datasheet
shows Vin but on a PCB its Vout?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)18:11:17 No.2579100 ▶ >>2579101

>>2579098
Not if they are the same part from the same manufacturer, although most manufacturers of the same part
usually share the same pin out configuration for a specific package. Either a) the board has been
reworked and someone fucked up or installed a different part, or b) the silkscreen is lying or you didn't
read it properly. My bet is on b), maybe you made some translation error and inverted the 3 pins.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)18:12:46 No.2579101 ▶ >>2579102

File: screen-0036.png (9 KB, 146x236)

>>2579098
>>2579100
Nevermind lol im retarded, its even written BOTTOM VIEW so it's naturally flipped
looking at a board.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)18:13:48 No.2579102 ▶

>>2579101
there you have it haha

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)19:21:27 No.2579136 ▶

>>2579094
You are not wrong. But what's the conclusion? At the end of the day we just need a dopamine dose so it
doesn't matter what we do.
>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)19:26:27 No.2579141 ▶ >>2579145 >>2579175
File: screen-0037.png (198 KB, 325x427)

Last question for tonight i promise. What is this component? I cant find anything like this,
it's almost zener diode but it doesnt have 3 black bands. It's not resistor either.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)19:43:47 No.2579143 ▶ >>2579195 >>2579257

>>2579075
If i dont have a diode current will push from the 5v pullup to the 3.3v supply. Allthough it will be a small
amount i would prefer that it didn't happen

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)19:51:23 No.2579145 ▶ >>2579221 >>2579226

File: IMG_20230312_013423.jpg (1.13 MB, 1200x1600)

Here is a better quality picture >>2579141

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)20:49:49 No.2579175 ▶ >>2579231

File: screen-0038.png (39 KB, 1317x829)

I finished the power supply section i guess. Dont know how those output rails should
be called. They go into switches potentiometers etc. Btw these components
>>2579141 are signal diodes КД522Б from post-soviet countries lel, a copy of
1N4148.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)21:23:48 No.2579195 ▶

>>2579143
Don't use a pullup in the first place. See my circuit diagram I wrote? No pullup on the reset pin, works fine.
Can do the exact same using an NPN. There's a pullup on the transistor's control line, but that can't send
a voltage through the transistor.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)22:14:56 No.2579221 ▶ >>2579226 >>2579250

>>2579145
https://maker.pro/forums/threads/zener-diode-identification-color-bands.271695/

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)22:18:36 No.2579226 ▶ >>2579250

>>2579145
>>2579221
glass gas discharge tube for overvoltage protection.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)22:30:46 No.2579231 ▶ >>2579233 >>2579250

>>2579175
Wait that R2 and R3 are in series with the 0V, not the +12.4V rail? That implies they're just making a really
low-noise ground. The zener there can handle ~0.2A before reaching its power limit, not really sure if it's
meant to be a higher-power and/or lower-noise rail than the 15V regulators. Chances are one is for a
 lower-noise part of the circuit than another, like a preamplifier stage.

Also when you get a voltage with X volts RMS, its peak voltage is X*√2 = X*1.414, so when you rectify and
filter it you end up with X*1.414 volts DC, since the filter capacitor fills up to the peak voltage. So you may
need to increase the voltage of your rail titles.

KiCAD has names for nodes like AVDD and AGND that you may want to use, it also has a symbol specifically
for a 3-pin wall plug.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)22:37:10 No.2579233 ▶ >>2579265

>>2579231
>KiCAD has names for nodes like AVDD and AGND that you may want to use, it also has a symbol
specifically for a 3-pin wall plug.
Not the same guy but was curious about it when looking at his schematic. can you give a bit more
information about that?

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)23:39:03 No.2579250 ▶ >>2579264 >>2579265

File: IMG_20230312_052646.jpg (205 KB, 632x610)

>>2579221
>>2579226
But later I said I found it, it's a simple diode, use google translate if you really wish to
read about it https://shematok.ru/diody/kd522b

>>2579231
>Wait that R2 and R3 are in series with the 0V, not the +12.4V rail?
No, it's my mistake. I had it right, but then moved them and fucked everything up.
Thanks anon, the resistors have to be on + rail.

>The zener there can handle ~0.2A before reaching its power limit, not really sure if it's meant to be a
higher-power and/or lower-noise rail than the 15V regulators. Chances are one is for a lower-noise part of
the circuit than another, like a preamplifier stage.
Im sorry I cant answer this, don't have necessary knowledge. The diode says ZY 9.1 and it's soldered
upside down. Maybe 9.1 is not voltage. I'd have to unsolder it and check it's another side for more info.

>Also when you get a voltage with X volts RMS, its peak voltage is X*√2 = X*1.414, so when you rectify
and filter it you end up with X*1.414 volts DC, since the filter capacitor fills up to the peak voltage. So you
may need to increase the voltage of your rail titles.
Does that mean my 12.4 AC will become 17.5 DC? This is some funny voltage...

>it also has a symbol specifically for a 3-pin wall plug

It's actually a receptacle IEC-320-C14 with a fuse like in the back of your PC, you put a cable inside. I
didn't find it, so used general connector.

>> Anonymous 03/11/23(Sat)23:48:51 No.2579257 ▶

>>2579143
the fuck are you talking about? that nmos level shifter i suggested will work perfectly fine. the 5V on the
gate doesnt "send" voltage anywhere near the 3.3V.
>prefer no loss
hatr to break it to you mate, your mess of resistors and diodes wastes more power than a nmos switching
a 3.3V line through a resistor

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)00:18:33 No.2579264 ▶

>>2579250
soviet diodes haha, thanks i'll look at it.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)00:28:16 No.2579265 ▶

 >>2579233
KiCAD has built-in power symbols, going by menus:
>Place
>Add Power
Or just the keyboard shortcut for me "P". I think they're global. There's a variety of numerical or conceptual
labels. It's also where the pspice important labels are stored, in case you use KiCAD as a sim. Pretty sure
you can make custom ones via the standard symbol browser.

Also "AVDD" and "AGND" are more specific terms for when you have multiple voltage rails. "A" usually
stands for "Analogue", so AVDD would usually be a voltage rail with better ripple rejection. In case you were
asking about that instead.

>>2579250
>Thanks anon, the resistors have to be on + rail
Then you've got quite the variety of different voltage rails.
>Maybe 9.1 is not voltage
The way you drew the diode in the circuit initially makes it very likely to be a zener, and since the ZY 9.1 is a
type of zener I can't imagine it isn't a 9.1V zener diode. Zener diodes are often used in this configuration to
produce a regulated voltage rail, though the regulation is less efficient than something like an L78L15.
Anyhow it doesn't particularly matter how much power it can provide unless we get stuck reverse
engineering.

>Does that mean my 12.4 AC will become 17.5 DC? This is some funny voltage...
Yeah, but it will be lower by a volt or two due to the drop through each diode. Plus your mains voltage will
vary by a few percent anyhow. It isn't critical.

>It's actually a receptacle IEC-320-C14

>I didn't find it, so used general connector
A symbol doesn't imply a certain footprint, I'd have just renamed a Conn_WallSocket_Earth to "IEC_C14".
But it's hardly important.

So all the power rails are referenced to the same 0V ground point? I'd expect a floating rail for powering the
filament, but I'm a tube noob so maybe they don't need that or are getting around it by using a tetrode or
whatever.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)01:35:46 No.2579289 ▶ >>2579915

File: PCBs via inkscape.png (259 KB, 1262x1144)

HAHAHAHA
it's all one path now
AUTOMATICALLY
now time to scale it properly, raster the white bits out of concentric circles, and
export a g-code for my laser

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)02:48:20 No.2579319 ▶

File: 56733B4C-C0B1-42D1-9778-A(...).jpg (302 KB, 922x687)

>>2579084
Osc mfgs, hp, tek, etc use transistor front ends, you can get schematics for some of
them. They use that because, if you need specific characteristics, in theory you
could use high frequency/high voltage transistors.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)07:12:08 No.2579364 ▶ >>2579365 >>2579859

is this just an ordinary DC motor?

how is it being driven?
I would like to make my own adaptive trigger, but i'm not sure how to drive that motor so that i can provide
varying amounts of resistence

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)07:13:09 No.2579365 ▶ >>2579366 >>2579859

 >>2579364
oops forgot link
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/KPcHJHE5G34

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)07:15:31 No.2579366 ▶ >>2579409

>>2579365
could it work if i used simple pwm to drive the the motor where 0 doody cycle = no resistance and then by
raising the doody cycle the motor will resistor more and more? won't that burn the motor?

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)08:31:37 No.2579387 ▶ >>2579390 >>2579792 >>2579859

File: file.png (387 KB, 806x852)

Umm..what is the resistance of those input pins on the left side?

I assumed it's near infinite like on op amps for example.. is it low enough to slurp up
all juice from a 50k pull up resistor? if yes then i'm in some deep shit

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)08:38:54 No.2579390 ▶ >>2579409 >>2579792 >>2579859 >>2579957

File: file.png (9 KB, 669x136)

>>2579387
fuck fuck FUCK
it outpulls the fucking pull up resistor
i can't believe i overlooked that shit, of course it does it's a fucking tranny not a fet get, it's so obvious now
god damn it i will have to manually jumper wire so many fucking pcbs

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)09:39:50 No.2579409 ▶ >>2579412 >>2579799 >>2579859

File: cdrom limit switches.jpg (36 KB, 640x527)

>>2579366
>won't that burn the motor?

that looks very much like the 50-cent DC brushed motors they use in toys.
obviously you cant PWM that coz that would cause constant spinning.
almost certainly they have limit switches to stop it when it reaches max/min position,
like the switches in a CD drive.
if you wanna emulate that, you'd use a servo, or if you're real fancy, a stepper.

>>2579390
>fuck fuck FUCK

ah, you're the dude who went straight to PCB instead of testing on breadboard first.
so, you got what was coming to you.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)09:41:37 No.2579412 ▶

>>2579409
>limit switches to stop it when
you don't need to stop it, when the gear moves the trigger all they way it will block the motor from
spinning, the motor is only there to provide resistance

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)11:42:08 No.2579457 ▶ >>2579495

why is it that we want BJTs to operate in their linear regions but not their saturated regions, whereas we
want MOSFETs to operate in their saturation regions and not in their linear regions
>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)12:36:08 No.2579495 ▶

>>2579457
Because region names are swapped for the devices, but actually refer to same region on I(V) curve.
Saturation region of FET is equal to linear of BJT.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)13:04:23 No.2579508 ▶ >>2579513 >>2579859

Is it allowed to rotate transistor symbols on a schematic?

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)13:15:57 No.2579513 ▶

>>2579508
Yes, why wouldn't it be? You can position them in any way you like as long as pins retain their meaning.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)13:30:37 No.2579520 ▶

>>2578155
bump

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)14:13:51 No.2579550 ▶ >>2579859

File: screen-0039.png (21 KB, 1129x708)

Spent hours today on the switching section, still not ready. Its a fucking labyrinth,
why did they make it so complicated, it's just 3 switches and 3 LEDs. Holy fuck i bet
its possible to do this with 4 wires and AVR8 or something.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)15:19:41 No.2579585 ▶ >>2579859

File: 1678652336389.jpg (63 KB, 474x651)

>>2575936 (OP)
Which soldering iron should I get?
Any one have any of these, how bad are they?
I had a look at two[Draper 61478 & Sealey
SD008]
that are available in Physical stores &
another two[Yihau 926LED-IV & tilswall station]
that I saw online.
I wanted to keep the price around fifty since
I won't use it that often,
just for mouse micro switches & maybe a keyboard.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)15:25:52 No.2579590 ▶

I made a cmoy headphone amp but the output goes to a 1k:8ohm transformer that drives the
headphones. It sounds way better than it has any right to. The +/-9V supply is plenty of voltage and the
step down of the transformer allows for more current. Makes a really excellent way to play guitar quietly.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)16:33:29 No.2579625 ▶ >>2579630 >>2579646

I'm wotking on designing a PCB for a mega drive repro cart (to learn), and the original pcb uses an
electolytic 16v 47uF cap going from voltage to ground near the edge connector, and on another spot near
the edge connector, on another voltage pin there is a non-polarized 50v 0.1uF capacitor. I've seen
variations of these repro pcbs, with different value capacitors, sometimes they have one on each voltage
pin like on the original pcb, but then they'll have each be 22uF, and have another 0.1uF right next to the
flash chip. How the hell do I figure out what value of capacitors I should be using on my custom pcb? I'm
assuming the se capacitors are used as low-pass filters. Please help me this is babby's first kicad project!
>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)16:37:08 No.2579630 ▶

>>2579625
VCC is 5V, and to clarify on other's custom PCB's that third capacitor I mention is additional, not present
on the original PCB, and is near the Flash Chips.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)16:39:23 No.2579633 ▶

>>2578663
>will it melt or something?
Yes. At 250C you want a thermocouple

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)17:14:17 No.2579646 ▶

>>2579625
>How the hell do I figure out what value of capacitors I should be using on my custom pcb?
What you need to do here is to learn about PDNs (Power Delivery Network). You need to figure out output
impedance of your power supply and impedance of traces and other elements to then keep power
network impedance below some acceptable level. It's not a simple problem and adding components
randomly could make things worse, especially if you're working with digital logic that has fast rise times.
And to make things even more complicated 16v 47uF capacitor is not just a capacitor, it's also a resistor
and an inductor, values of which are different for each specific cap from one specific manufacturer. Same
for ceramic capacitors which have added benefit that their capacitance varies with applied voltage. You
can either learn all about those details, transmission lines, field propagation and other high frequency
black magic or simply copy over recommendations from the datasheet and hope that there will be no
significant issues or weird glitches. Feranec on youtube has a lot of videos on this so you can start there if
you want to learn more.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)17:22:59 No.2579651 ▶

is case size 3816 the same as 1506? I'm confused.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)17:23:04 No.2579652 ▶ >>2579663 >>2579701

File: s-l500[1].jpg (22 KB, 500x379)

What happens inside this tiny USB C to A adapter? Is it just a pin-to-pin map, no
active logic of any kind, right? The price range is just wild, from $20 apiece at
BestBuy to $3 for 2pcs on Ebay. wtf

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)18:04:07 No.2579663 ▶

>>2579652
The bux fiddy ones are going to be chinesium. The 20 bux ones are over priced and branded.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)18:23:22 No.2579677 ▶ >>2579708

File: file.png (686 KB, 930x701)

I have one of these tft screens (ST7789V driver ic) but I don't understand the point of
MISO pin. Why the screen communicates back to MC? (And touch screen pins are
different so it is not that). Other TFT screens I worked had no such pin

I am driving it using TFT_eSPI and it has a define for MISO pin so I used that define.
But the screen works even if I disconnect the miso pin. So it is probably useless, or
maybe only used in certain commands? I guess i need to read about ST7789V ?

I guess it should be fine to just leave miso unconnected? Or maybe connect to ground with a 100k resistor
or something?
>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)18:23:32 No.2579678 ▶ >>2579890

If I have three 3 phase cables of 600A 400V. Can I say I have a capacity of 720KW flowing through ?

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)19:09:06 No.2579701 ▶ >>2579711

>>2579652
It depends on what you’re using it for.
If low current charging, usb c/a probably still supports the old 5v, 500 mA original spec with two wires.
I say probably because every USB C vendor supports their own bespoke bits and pieces of the 2300 page
spec, and many have their own proprietary uses of USB C (e.g. apple)

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)19:40:18 No.2579708 ▶

>>2579677
>maybe only used in certain commands
I guess this is the answer, I just noticed there are stuff like reading pixels back so miso must be used in
such cases

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)19:45:32 No.2579711 ▶

>>2579701
I'd like to hook up my USB-A only laptop to a USB-C docking station. But the more I read about, it is most
likely not going to work, particularly HDMI. Apparently that type of adapter is not even defined in the spec.
Life is hard.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)19:59:06 No.2579719 ▶ >>2579790

File: ohmy.jpg (2.63 MB, 4627x2739)

Finished the part with the switches. Kinda broke my eyes on this, way too hard for a
first time. Probs tons of mistakes as well.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)22:18:07 No.2579790 ▶ >>2579793

File: 4C003779-1DC0-4E61-8C2D-9(...).jpg (529 KB, 771x578)

>>2579719
Interesting board layout. Looks like it was done on the 70s in the letratape era.

A bit odd how the traces are unnecessarily “square” — even odder that, even today,
trace layouts are waaay too square: it’s absolutely terrible for high frequency stuff.
With software assist they should look something more like a lot of older hand taped
boards. They are also missing out on a lot of optimizations. But nope! Gotta be square like the el cheapo
and appropriately named LACK ikea table.

That might be the biggest “elephant in the room” problem with almost all PCB designs today, reminiscent
of the Times Roman problem.

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)22:21:06 No.2579792 ▶ >>2579799 >>2579930

>>2579387
>>2579390
Bro, i'm high af, and for some reason this made me laugh crazy. What the fuck dude, you didn't even test
your circuit on a breadboard, or build a prototype pcb before going full production?
>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)22:22:02 No.2579793 ▶ >>2579859

>>2579790
Are there youtube videos about natural looking optimized tracks?

>> Anonymous 03/12/23(Sun)22:36:08 No.2579799 ▶

>>2579409
>>2579792
The last time we had a mistake on the final PCB after it went into production, we just had underpaid
chinese fix them.

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)00:57:57 No.2579859 ▶ >>2579871 >>2579932

File: ULN2003 equivalent diagram.png (23 KB, 376x258)

>>2579364
>>2579365
Assuming they have a seperate reading of the position of the trigger. With that kind
of setup they're probably just PWMing the motor in one direction to provide torque
counter to the spring (i.e. in the same direction as your finger-press), or to replace
the spring itself (i.e. in the opposite direction to your finger-press). The more you
PWM it, the more current flows, and so the more torque it presents. The frequency has to be low enough
to not feel the ripple with your hand (1kHz is fine) and the PWM duty-cycle probably has to be fairly low to
not overheat since the motor is basically always stalled.

It would also be possible to use it as a servo to ensure that the trigger can't be pressed beyond a certain
point, if it can provide enough torque without overheating. The gears will help with that.

>>2579387
Read the datasheet next time, or use MOSFETs instead.

>>2579390
Are you using GPT?

>>2579409
bro you know you can stall a brushed motor, right?

>>2579508
Yes. Often a series pass transistor (e.g. an analogue switch FET, or a common-base amplifier) will be left-
to-right. Otherwise they're usually arranged such that conventional current moves from top to bottom. If
you put your P-channel MOSFETs with their drain facing up I'll eat your dog.

>>2579550
The base being more positive than the collector of those BJTs seems like an error to me. Are those
transistors backwards, or possibly are they PNPs? That or the capacitors are backwards.

>>2579585
Consider a variety of T12 station or a Pinecil.

>>2579793
Mitxela did a couple about curving traces for aesthetic reasons. If you're after high-frequency circuit
design look elsewhere though.

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)01:22:04 No.2579871 ▶

File: IMG_20230313_071652.png (2.09 MB, 1836x1779)

>>2579859
>The base being more positive than the collector of those BJTs seems like an error
to me. Are those transistors backwards, or possibly are they PNPs? That or the
capacitors are backwards.
Apparently I mixed up the pins of transistors. Fucking sake I double checked it and I
swear the collector was on that side....
>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)02:07:47 No.2579890 ▶

>>2579678
>3 phase 600A 400V = 720KW ?

no
you're doing 600x400x3
but consider that current coming in from one phase is exiting through the 2 other phases
since it's the same current, you're double-counting its power contribution
so you cant multiply by 3; you use some lower factor which i have long forgotten.
probably square root of 3.

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)03:54:10 No.2579915 ▶

File: RAM overboard in faggy OS.png (176 KB, 894x764)

>>2579289
fuck

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)05:45:26 No.2579930 ▶

>>2579792
>you didn't even test your circuit on a breadboard,
who the fuck does that anymore?
do you have any idea how annoying would it be to breadboard 10 smd components where each has like
20 legs? you would have to make breakouts and shit, so unless it's some very experimental design then
it's okay to be lazy and not pre-test
.. not to mention i get paid by the hour anyway

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)05:49:11 No.2579932 ▶ >>2579957

>>2579859
>Are you using GPT?
yeah, i am too lazy to read data sheets, because instead of having one page where they summarize the
important parts every datahseet has like fucking 20
you don't need 20 fucking pages for a tranny, so GPT has been a godsend. i can ask it specific questions
about exact components and get a quick and short reply with all the info i need. It's like having an
experienced engineer on a phone 24/7.
This is the future of EE. Adapt or be left behind.

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)06:11:04 No.2579938 ▶

Fucking hell, I need to buy myself a heat camera, turning a circuit on and waiting for something to start
smoking is so stupid. Or touching around with my finger until i burn myself to check if something is
overheating is also shitty.
But man, they are so damn expensive, even the chink ones ;_;

>> Anonymous 03/13/23(Mon)06:59:06 No.2579957 ▶

 >>2579932
I wouldn't trust anything that it spits out, because it's chat GPT not engineering GPT. It can't even do basic
math properly like you had in >>2579390
>(5-1.2)/2.7m = 1.407k
It was off by 5% and this is only elementary problem. Now imagine giving it anything slightly more complex.
Might as well give a calculator to a retard ask him to play with it for 5 minutes and then read the answer from
the screen. I'm not even sure about other numbers, but I don't know what was the input question.

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